BETTER, WORSE, AVERAGE Statistical Portrait of Slovenia in the International Community 2018 Better, Worse, Average - Statistical Portrait of Slovenia in the International Community 2018 Original title: Boljši, slabši, povprecni - Statisticni portret Slovenije v mednarodni skupnosti 2018 ISSN 2463-7912 Information: www.stat.si/eng T: +386 1 241 64 04 E: info.stat@gov.si @StatSlovenia @StatSlovenija Issued and published by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Litostrojska cesta 54 © SURS – Use of data is allowed provided the source is acknowledged. BETTER, WORSE, AVERAGE Statistical Portrait of Slovenia in the International Community 2018 Ljubljana, 2018 FOREWORD The Statistical Office prepared a new issue of the publication comparing Slovenia with other EU Member States. The development of a country and the wider region into which the country is integrated requires integration into international flows. It is therefore necessary as well as useful to compare oneself with others. But this is not a competition. The publication brings an overview of the areas in which Slovenia stands out, the areas in which it is average and the areas in which it should improve. We are aware that the volume of data in the world is constantly growing; few people are reading longer texts, visual presentations are becoming increasingly important. This is why we designed this publication to be visually appealing with the emphasis on graphical presentations. More data and other material are available on our website and on the website of Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. Genovefa Ružic CONTENTS 3 FOREWORD 7 COUNTRY CODES 9 TERRITORY 12 POPULATION 15 EDUCATION 18 LABOUR, UNEMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS 21 QUALITY OF LIFE 24 ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY 27 AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY 30 GDP AND NATIONAL ACCOUNTS 33 PRICES AND INFLATION 36 FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS 39 ENTERPRISES, CONSTRUCTION AND INDUSTRY 42 TOURISM, TRANSPORT AND TRADE 45 ABBREVIATIONS AND SOURCES 6 AT Austria BE Belgium BG Bulgaria CY Cyprus CZ Czech Republic DE Germany DK Denmark EE Estonia EL Greece ES Spain FI Finland FR France HR Croatia HU Hungary IE Ireland IT Italy LT Lithuania LU Luxembourg LV Latvia MT Malta NL Netherlands PL Poland PT Portugal RO Romania SE Sweden SI Slovenia SK Slovakia UK United Kingdom COUNTRY CODES TERRITORY 9–11 633,000 square kilometres is the area of France, the largest EU Member State. 1958 is when Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands established a community that later became the EU. 315 square kilometres is the area of Malta, the smallest EU Member State. 38 percent of Slovenia’s area was protected for biodiversity in 2016 (largest in the EU). 1,450 people per square kilometre was the population density in Malta in 2016 (largest in the EU). 70 percent was the share of forest area in Sweden in 2015 (largest in the EU). Year of EU accession BE FR DE IT LU NL DK IE UK PT ES CY CZ EE HU LV LT MT PL SK SI HR year 1950 1958 1960 1973 1970 1980 1981 1986 1990 1995 2000 2004 2013 2010 2007 2020 EL AT BG FI RO SE AT Austria EE Estonia IE Ireland PL Poland BE Belgium EL Greece IT Italy PT Portugal BG Bulgaria ES Spain LT Lithuania RO Romania CY Cyprus FI Finland LU Luxembourg SE Sweden CZ Czech Republic FR France LV Latvia SI Slovenia DE Germany HR Croatia MT Malta SK Slovakia DK Denmark HU Hungary NL Netherlands UK United Kingdom Source: https://europa.eu/european-union/index_en, 27. 2. 2017 © SURS Population density in EU-28 Member States, 2016 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 24. 4. 2018) © SURS POPULATION 12–14 512 83 460,000 million was the EU population in 2017. million people were living in Germany, the people were living in Malta, the least most populous Member State, in 2017. populous Member State, in 2017. 5 26 81 percent more women than men were living in years was the average age at which young years is average life expectancy of EU the EU in 2017. people in the EU left their parents’ homes in citizens born in 2016. 2017. 13 EU-28 population by age groups, 2017 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 21. 3. 2018) © SURS EDUCATION 15–17 35.4 percent was the share of persons with tertiary education in Cyprus in 2016 (largest in the EU). 20.1 percent of young people (15–24 years) in Italy were not in employment, education or training in 2017 (most in the EU). 30 percent was the share of adults in Sweden (25–64 years) participating in education in 2017 (largest in the EU). 95 percent of adults in Lithuania (25–64 years) had at least upper secondary education in 2017 (most in the EU). 4.6 percent of young people (18–24 years) in Slovenia with basic education were not participating in education in 2017. 5.2 percent was the unemployment rate of persons with tertiary education in Slovenia in 2017. Residents of EU-28 Member States by educational attainment level, 2016 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 21. 3. 2018) © SURS Adults (25–64 years) in EU-28 Member States participating in education and training (formal or non-formal), 2017 Ten years ago a lower share of adults (9.5%) participated in education and training (formal or non-formal). In 2017, 13.5% of adult women and 9.8% of adult men participated in education and training (formal or non-formal). Adults (25–64 years) in Slovenia in education and training (formal or non-formal) by sex, 2017 1) Break in time series. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 22. 3. 2018) © SURS LABOUR, UNEMPLOYMENTAND EARNINGS 18–20 76.9 percent was the employment rate in Sweden in 2017 (largest in the EU). 49.8 percent of persons in employment in the Netherlands had part-time employment in 2017 (most in the EU). 43.6 percent was the youth unemployment rate (15–24 years) in Greece in 2017 (largest in the EU). 261 euros was the gross minimum wage in Bulgaria in 2018 (lowest in the EU). 7.6 percent was the overall unemployment rate in the EU in 2017. 1.999 euros was the gross minimum wage in Luxembourg in 2018 (highest in the EU). Order of the countries by the unemployment rate from the lowest to the highest, selected EU-28 Member States, 3rd quarter 2008 – 3rd quarter 2017 order of the countries 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. 6. 6. 7. 7. 8. 8. 9. 9. 10. 10. 11. 11. 12. 12. 13. 13. 14. 14. 15. 15. 16. 16. 17. 17. 18. 18. 19. 19. 20. 20. 21. 21. 22. 22. 23. 23. 24. 24. 25. 25. 26. 26. 27. 27. 28. 28. 29. 29. countries NL DK CY AT SI CZ BG RO LU FI SE LT MT UK IT EE PL EU FR HR DE IE EL LV BE HU PT SK ES CZ DE MT HU UK NL PL RO EE LU AT BG DK SI SE LT IE BE EU FI SK LV PT HR FR CY IT ES EL Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 4. 5. 2018) © SURS Monthly gross minimum wage in EU-28 Member States, 1 January 2018 DE BG LTROLVHUHRCZSKEE PL PT ELMT SI ESUKFRBENL IE LU 0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 EUR Source: Eurostat (http://ec.uropa.eu/eurostat, 24. 4. 2018) © SURS In 2018 the gross minimum wage was the lowest in Bulgaria (EUR 261) and the highest in Luxembourg (EUR 1,999). In Slovenia it was EUR 843, which ranked our country among countries with high minimum wages. The minimum wage is not legally stipulated in all Member States. This is true of Denmark, Cyprus, Austria, Italy, Finland and Sweden. QUALITY OF LIFE 21–23 25.3 percent of Romania’s population was living below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold in 2016 (most in the EU). percent of Slovenia’s population (16–74 years) were regular Internet users in 2017. 662 cars per 1,000 population were registered in Luxembourg in 2016 (most in the EU). 25 percent of households in Bulgaria were living in areas exposed to crime, violence or vandalism in 2016 (most in the EU). 510 physicians per 100,000 population were working in Austria in 2015 (most in the EU). 8 was the average mark (on the scale from 0 to 10) given by residents of Denmark and Sweden in 2013 regarding their general life satisfaction (the highest in the EU). Number of cars per 1,000 population, selected EU-28 Member States, 2016 1) Data for 2015. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 26. 3. 2018) © SURS Number of physicians per 100,000 population in EU-28 Member States, 2015 The number of physicians in Slovenia is growing; in 2005 it was 235, in 2010 243 and in 2015 283 per 100,000 population. Despite the upward trend, the number of physicians in Slovenia is among the lowest in the EU-28. 1) Data for 2014. 2) Break in time series. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 26. 3. 2018) © SURS Most common causes of death, Slovenia, 2016 Sources: SURS, NIJZ © SURS ENVIRONMENT ANDENERGY 24–26 100.9 percent was energy dependency in Malta in 2016 (highest in the EU). 66.1 percent of municipal waste generated in Germany in 2016 was recycled in Germany (most in the EU). 6.8 percent was energy dependency in Estonia in 2016 (lowest in the EU). 57.7 percent of municipal waste generated in Slovenia in 2016 was recycled in Slovenia. 72.6 percent of electricity was obtained from renewable sources in Austria in 2016 (most in the EU). 20.5 tons of carbon dioxide per person was emitted in Luxembourg in 2015 (most in the EU). Greenhouse gas emissions in tons of CO2 equivalent per capita, EU-28, 2015 3) Provisional data. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 10. 4. 2018) © SURS Energy dependency in EU-28 Member States, 2016 AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY 27–29 860,000 146 21.3 tons of fish and other marine animals were tons of fish and other marine animals were percent of agricultural area in Austria was caught in Spain in 2016 (most in the EU). caught in Slovenia in 2016. organically farmed in 2016. 9.1 5.1 1,450 percent of agricultural area in Slovenia was billion litres of wine was produced in Italy in litres of cow’s milk per person was purchased organically farmed in 2016. 2017 (most in the EU). from producers in Ireland in 2016 (most in the EU). Commercial marine catch of fish and other marine animals in EU-28 Member States, 2016 Litres of cow’s milk per person purchased from producers, selected EU-28 Member States, 2016 1) Estimate. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 27. 3. 2017) © SURS GDP AND NATIONALACCOUNTS 30–32 92,800 euros was gross domestic product per capita in Luxembourg in 2017 (highest in the EU). 78.5 percent of gross domestic product was government debt in Slovenia in 2016. 7,100 euros was gross domestic product per capita in Bulgaria in 2017 (lowest in the EU). 12.8 percent was the gross household saving rate in Slovenia in 2016. 180.8 percent of gross domestic product was government debt in Greece in 2016 (highest in the EU). –0.5 percent was the gross household saving rate in Lithuania in 2016, meaning that households there were on average in debt. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 30. 5. 2018) © SURS 31 GDP per capita in purchasing power standards in EU-28 Member States, 2016 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 4. 4. 2018) © SURS PRICES AND INFLATION 33–35 4.5 percent inflation was recorded in Estonia in 2017 (highest in the EU). 2.9 percent more expensive than a year before was food in Slovenia in 2017. 1.4 percent inflation was recorded in Slovenia in 2017. 8 percent more expensive than a year before were dwellings in Slovenia in 2017. 7.3 percent more expensive than a year before was food in Latvia in 2017. 24 percent less goods and services (in value terms) than in the EU overall could be bought in Slovenia in 2016. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 5. 4. 2018) © SURS 34 Actual individual consumption per capita in purchasing power standards in EU-28 Member States, 2016 In 2016 actual individual consumptionper capita in purchasing power standards in Slovenia lagged behind the EU-28 average by 24%. At that time countries with the values closest to Slovenia’s were Slovakia (76% of the EU-28 average), Poland (74%), Greece (77%) and the Czech Republic (78%). Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 9. 4. 2018) © SURS FOREIGN ECONOMICRELATIONS 36–38 5.7 billion euros of goods were exported from Slovenia to Germany (its main trading partner) in 2017. 1,200 GWh more of electricity was imported than exported by Slovenia in 2016 (second in the EU with the most balanced electricity trade). 5.2 billion euros of goods were imported to Slovenia from Germany in 2017. 76 percent of its total exports in 2017 was exported by Slovenia to other EU Member States. 37,000 GWh more of electricity was imported than exported by Italy in 2016 (most in the EU). 46 percent of its total imports in 2017 was imported by the Netherlands from other EU Member States (least in the EU). Export and import, the most important Slovenia’s trade partners among EU-28 Member States, 2017 Source: SURS © SURS ENTERPRISES, CONSTRUC­TION AND INDUSTRY 39–41 17 1611 percent higher than in 2015 was industrial percent higher than in 2015 was industrial percent of enterprises operating in Slovenia production in Cyprus in 2017 (largest production in Slovenia in 2017. in 2015 were born in 2015. increase in the EU). 8 39 17 percent of enterprises operating in Slovenia percent higher than in 2015 was the index of percent more building permits were issued in in 2015 died in 2015. construction put in place in Ireland in 2017 Slovenia in 2017 than in 2015. (largest increase in the EU). Enterprise births and deaths as a share of all enterprises in 20151), EU-28 1) Business activities excluding activities of holding companies. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 10. 4. 2018) © SURS Share of high-growth enterprises among enterprises with at least 10 employees and share of persons employed in such enterprises, EU-28, 2015 Sources: SURS, Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 10. 4. 2018) © SURS TOURISM, TRANSPORTAND TRADE 42–44 71 percent was the bed occupancy rate in Cyprus in 2016 (highest in the EU). 26 percent of enterprises in Ireland were selling online in 2017 (largest share in the EU). 7.1 million overnight stays were generated by residents of Slovenia in Croatia in 2016. 14.1 million passengers were transported by railway in Slovenia in 2015. 12.2 percent higher than in 2015 was retail trade turnover in Slovenia in 2017. 16 percent of household expenditure in Slovenia was spent in 2016 on personal mobility (most in the EU). Sources: SURS, Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 24. 4. 2018) © SURS 43 Enterprises selling online, EU-28, 2017 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 15. 5. 2018) © SURS GDP gross domestic product EU European Union EU-28 28 Member States of the European Union EUR euro HICP harmonised index of consumer prices NIJZ National Institute of Public Health SURS Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia Eurostat Statistical Office of the European Union l litre mio. million mrd. billion pop. population no. number CO2 carbon dioxide GWh gigawat hour km2 square kilometre % percent ABBREVIATIONS AND SOURCES Icons for some infographics were obtained from http: http://www.flaticon.com. Source (if not stated otherwise): Eurostat.