In addition to traditional cancer treatment methods, new and less aggressive approaches to the treatment of the disease are needed due to some effects that are effective in the treatment of cancer recurrence. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) represents an urgent alternative option for cancer treatment, as it is less toxic than traditional approaches such as chemotherapy. One of the main advantages of small interfering RNA therapy is the ability to target any gene. The main limitation of siRNA therapy is insufficient uptake into cells, which is reflected in the poor efficacy of the therapy. Poor stability during circulation and suboptimal pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of siRNA in vivo also represent limitations in the therapy or systemic delivery of siRNA. Therefore, it is necessary to complex or conjugate siRNA molecules with a suitable carrier system. Nanoparticles have recently been proven to be optimal carriers for the delivery of siRNA, which is why this field is currently very topical and many researchers are working on it. By using nanoparticles with siRNA, we could successfully overcome the obstacles in siRNA therapy and thus develop a new way of treating cancer.

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