Imunoterapija pri zdravljenju glioblastoma : kako daleč (še) do klinične uporabe?
Immunotherapy in the treatment of glioblastoma : how far (yet) to clinical use?

slovenian

2022

volume 73, issue 1

glioblastoma   immunotherapy

Slovensko farmacevtsko društvo
(Obvezni izvod spletne publikacije)

Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor, and at the same time the most aggres- sive and deadliest form of tumor occurring in the brain. The average survival of patients with gliobla- stoma, despite receiving standard therapy, is only 12-15 months. In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as an advanced treatment option for glio- blastoma and has been extremely successful in treat- ing some other cancers. A special feature of gliobla- stomis a high level of immunosuppression, which is mainly due to increased expression of PD-1, PD-L1, TGF-ß and metalloproteases and decreased expres- sion of MHCI. Immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of glioblastoma that have passed into the third phase of clinical trials are peptide vaccines against EGFRvIII, which in the end did not prove to be the most successful. Similarly, cell therapy with dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells and therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (eg nivolumab) did not produce the desired results. Sci- entists have also developed CAR-T-targeted HER2, IL-13R?2, and EGFRvIII for the treatment of glioblas- toma but they did not have a significant long-term effect on patients. The future of immunotherapy in the treatment of glioblastoma lies primarily in the im- provement of current therapies and the combination of several approaches.

30.11.2022