Identifikacija izvora gozdnega reprodukcijskega materiala bukve s pomočjo molekularnih metod
Identification of forest reproductive material origin of European beech using molecular methods

slovenian

2017

volume 75, issue 7/8

forest reproductive material    identification of origin   genetic diversity    microsatellites    parentage analysis   Slovenia 

Zveza gozdarskih društev Slovenije
(Obvezni izvod spletne publikacije)

Quality and origin of forest reproductive material (FRM) define the possible genetic diversity, structure, survival and development of seedlings and resilience of the future forest to stress and disturbances. The Slovenian Forestry Institute (SFI) must, based on the public authorization, in accordance to the Forest Act, The Act on Forest Reproductive Material and other legislation requirements concerning FRM, check its origin before issuing the master certificate or, on demand of the inspectorate, at any time during its marketing and use. Application of molecular methods contributes to the determination of FRM origin and its genetic quality. SFI continually develops know-how, infrastructure, gene bank, and molecular databases for performing such tests. In this study, the origin (provenance) and genetic diversity of FRM collected from four beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seed stands in 2016 were analysed, resulting on the suspicion of (intentional) mislabelling of the origin of the FRM, and compared to samples stored in the Slovenian Forest Gene Bank. In total 15 samples were analysed using 16 nuclear microsatellite loci. From the technical point of view, the selected markers proved to be appropriate for individual tree identification, evaluation of genetic diversity, and identification of the alleged origin. Due to the possible mixing of samples, for which seed was collected from the ground, and technical needs, we will analyze in the future at least 12 seeds per tree for the needs of the seed tree genotype reconstruction. Genetic diversity of smaller samples (seed collected from less seed trees) was significantly lower than that of large ones. We would like to emphasize that FRM should be collected at least from the number of trees prescribed in the decree on approval of the seed object in order to safeguard genetic diversity of FRM. Methods of clustering using Bayesian methods and phylogenetic trees correctly determined the origin of reference samples, while the resolution of the principle component analysis was lower. All methods used for identification of the alleged origin of seed samples, unambiguously proved that TURs sample was not collected in TUR seed stand, and it also differed from the rest of the analysed beech gene pool in Slovenia. In the presented case study, the applied methods for the molecular identification of FRM origin proved to be necessary and prevented introduction of the inappropriate FRM into Slovenian forests.

23.02.2018