Optimizacija procesa izolacije učinkovin iz industrijske konoplje v kombinaciji z ingverjem ter biološki učinki mešanic : doktorska disertacija

slovenian

doktorska dela

2022

anticancer potential   antimicrobial potential   extraction   formulation   optimization   seeding

Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo

The doctoral dissertation describes optimized pretreatment and processing from raw material to final product. It lists the pretreatment procedures of industrial hemp to achieve a higher purity of the material even before extraction. It also focuses on optimizing the extraction method and the possibility of a synergistic effect between compounds from industrial hemp and plants of the Zingiberaceae family. The quality of the extract and the synergy between the plants is characterized based on analytical results (determination of cannabinoids), with the computer program Design expert, the computer language R, and the determination of antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activity. Finally, the possibility of a natural formulation that meets the criteria of shelf life and preserves the bioavailability of the formulated extract is presented.In the doctoral dissertation, it was confirmed the significant effect of mechanical pretreatment of the raw material on the content of cannabinoids, resulting in a significantly higher purity of the extract. It was found that by combining supercritical extraction with carbon dioxide (temperature 60 °C, pressure between 300 bar and 550 bar) and ethanolic extraction with ultrasound (temperature 8 °C, time 8 minutes), significantly approached the cannabinoid content in the plant while obtaining high levels of cannabinoids, especially the CBD component (511 mg/g extract). Ginger also proved to have a significant effect on industrial hemp, as a synergistic effect occurred upon extraction of their mixture, increasing the content of the CBD component by 11.5%. In addition, it was also confirmed the antimicrobial potential for the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, as well as the fungus Candida albicans. We also demonstrated the inhibition of WM -266-4 melanoma cells when the mixture extract or the cannabis extract was applied. However, regarding antimicrobial and anticancer potential, the mixture extract showed more effectiveness and inhibition of microorganisms and cancer cells, further confirmed by an apoptosis assay. Finally, it was prepared a natural formulation of the extract in the form of an organogel. The main advantage of organogel systems is low toxicity and irritability after application to human skin, and more active penetration of active substances to the target site. It was confirmed the optimal composition: 18% extract, 5% gelator (Stearic acid) and 77% cold-pressed hemp oil.In the dissertation, we present procedures for producing a high-quality natural product with high selectivity and positive effects on the human body in a "green" process. Based on the results, we assume that the obtained extract or organogel is suitable for supportive therapy in skin diseases.

07.08.2023