AocTanHOCT u 3amTUTa Ha apxuBCKuoT MaTepujan bo Ap^aBHuoT apxuB Ha Peny6nuKa MaKegoHuja
Svetlana USPRCOVa, Ph.D.
Head of Department, The State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia, Dimitar Vlahov 19, Skopje, Republic
of Macedonia e-mail: svetlana.usprcova@arhiv.gov.mk
Access to the Archive Material and its Protection in the State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia
abstract
In this article the author talks about the characteristics of the archive and documentary material and the conditions under which the public and the private archive and documentary material in the State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia are available to the users. The article includes the Law on archive material, some internal regulations governing the availability and the usage of the archive material, as well as the Law on free access to public information, the Law on personal data protection and the Law on cultural heritage protection. The author also addresses to the unique system of protection of the archive material at the State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia, as one of the primary tasks of the employees at the Archives.
Key words: access, protection, personal records, public information, cultural heritage
L'accesso al materiale d'archivio e la sua protezione nell'Archivio di Stato della Repubblica di Macedonia
sintesi
In questo articolo l'autore tratta le caratteristiche del materiale archivistico e documentale e le condizioni alle quali l'archivio documentale e il materiale pubblico e privato presso l'Archivio di Stato di la Repubblica di Macedonia e disponibile per gli utenti. L'articolo include la Legge sul materiale d'archivio, alcune norme interne che disciplinano la disponibilita e l'uso del materiale d'archivio, cosi come la legge sul libero accesso alle infor-mazioni pubbliche; la legge sulla protezione dei dati personali e la legge sulla tutela del patrimonio culturale. L'autore tratta inoltre del sistema unico di protezione del materiale d'archivio presso l'Archivio di Stato della Repubblica di Macedonia, come uno dei compiti primari dei dipendenti dell'Archivio.
Parole chiave: accesso, protezione, documenti personali, pubblica informazione, patrimonio culturale
Dostop do arhivskega gradiva in njegova zaščita v Državnem arhivu Republike Makedonije
izv^leček
Avtorica v prispevku obravnava značilnosti dokumentarnega in arhivskega gradiva in pogoje, pod katerimi je javno in zasebno arhivsko in dokumentarno gradivo v Državnem arhivu Republike Makedonije na voljo uporabnikom. Članek obravnava tudi Zakon o arhivskem gradivu, nekatere notranje predpise, ki urejajo dostop in uporabo arhivskega gradiva, kakor tudi Zakon o dostopu do informacij javnega značaja, Zakon o varstvu osebnih podatkov in Zakon o varstvu kulturne dediščine. Avtorica obravnava tudi edinstven sistem varstva arhivskega gradiva v Državnem arhivu Republike Makedonije, kot eno od glavnih nalog arhiva.
Ključne besede: dostop, varstvo, osebne evidence, informacije javnega značaja, kulturna dediščina
aoctanhoct u 3amthta ha apxhbckhot matepujaa bo ap^abhhot apxub ha penyöahka makegohuja
AnCTPAKT
Bo oBoj TeKCT aBTopoT söopyBa aa KapaKTepHCTHKHxe na apxHBCKHOT h goKyMeHTapHHOT MaxepHj'aA h ycAOBHTe nog koh jaBHuoT h npuBaTHuoT apxuBCKu h goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA bo Ap^aBHuoT apxuB Ha PenyÖAUKa
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHOCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
MaKeAOHHj'a e AOCTaneH 3a KopHCHH^HTe. Bo TeKCTOT e on^aTeH u 3aK0H0T 3a apxHBCKH MaTepujaA, noBeie HHTepHH nponHCH cnopeg koh ce peryAupa AOCTanHOCTa h KopHCTeaeTO Ha apxHBCKHOT MaTepujaA, KaKO h 3aKOHOT 3a CAoöogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HH oa jaBeH KapaKTep; 3aKoHoT 3a 3amTHTa Ha Au^HUTe ^oAaTo^H u 3aKoHoT 3a 3amTHTa Ha KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo. Abtopot ce ocBpHyBa u Ha eguHCTBeHuoT cucTeM Ha 3amTHTa Ha apxHBCKuoT MaTepujaA bo Ap^aBHuoT apxuB Ha PenyÖAUKa MaKegoHuja, KaKo egHa og ocHoBHUTe 3aAaHH Ha BpaöoTeHHTe bo ApxuBoT.
1 ApxHBcKH H ACKyMCHTapCH MaTcpujaA H HcrcBHTe KapaKTepucTHKH KaKo npegycACB 3a HcrcBaTa AocTanHocT
AocTanHocTa u KopucTCftCTo Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA bo PenyÖAUKa MaKegoHuja ce ypegeHu co SaKoHoT 3a apxHBcKH MaTepujaA1, cnopeg Koj samTUTaTa, nyBaaeTo, oöpaöoTKaTa u KopucTeaeTo Ha apxHBcKuoT MaTepujaA ce og jaBeH uHTepec.
Cnopeg ropeHaBegeHuoT SaKoH, apxuBcKu MaTepujaA e ^eAOKy^HHOT H3BopeH u pe^poAy^HpaH goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA og TpajHa BpegHocT, Koj e og 3HaHeae 3a PenyÖAUKaTa, HayKaTa, KyATypaTa, HMaTeAHTe, KaKo u 3a gpyru noTpeöu.
AoKyMeHTapHHOT MaTepujaA KaKO H3Bop Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA, ro conuHyBa ^eAOKy^HHOT H3BopeH H pe^poAy^HpaH MaTepujaA, khhfh h gpyru eBHAeH^HH 3a Toj MaTepujaA co3AaAeHH bo paöoTaTa Ha HMaTeAHTe, gogeKa Toj e og 3HaHeae 3a HUBHaTa TeKOBHa paöoTa u ce gogeKa og Hero He e H3ABoeH apxuBcKHOT MaTepujaA.
ApxuBcKHOT H AOKyMeHTapHHOT MaTepujaA ce nogeAeHu Ha KOHBeH^HOHaAeH apxuBcKu u AOKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA, mTo ro noApa36Hpa OHoj MaTepujaA Koj e 3anHmaH Ha xapTuja u 3a nue nuTaae He e noTpe6eH c^e^HjaAeH ypeg u HeKOHBeH^HOHaAeH apxuBcKu u goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA, mTo ro noApa36Hpa OHoj MaTepujaA Koj e 3anHmaH Ha noce6eH MeguyM u 3a nuTaae Ha cogpxuHaTa Ha OBoj MaTepujaA ce noTpe6HH noce6HH ypegu.
ApxuBcKHOT H AOKyMeHTapHHOT MaTepujaA BO Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja Moxe ga 6HAe og jaBeH u OA npuBaTeH KapaKTep.
ApxuBcKHOT H AOKyMeHTapHHOT MaTepujaA co3AaAeH bo pa6oTaTa Ha gpxaBHUTe opraHu, HHCTHTy^HH, jaBHHTe ycTaHOBH H cAyx6H, jaBHHTe npeTnpujaTuja, eAHHH^H Ha AOKaAHaTa caMoynpaBa H rAaBHHOT rpag CKonje, TproBcKUTe gpymTBa ocHOBaHu og gpxaBaTa hah bo koh goMUHaHTeH KanuTaA HMa ApxaBaTa, eAHHH^HTe Ha AOKaAHaTa caMoynpaBa u rAaBHuoT rpag CKonje u npaBHUTe u ^H3HHKHTe AH^a Ha KOH co 3aKOH HM ce goBepeHH jaBHu oBAacTyBaaa npeTcTaByBa jaBeH apxuBcKu u goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA u e concTBeHocT Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja.
JaBHHOT apxuBcKH H AOKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA e HeoTyruB, a npuBaTHUTe npaBHu u ^h3hhkh AH^a He cMeaT ga co6HpaaT, nyBaaT u nocegyBaaT jaBeH apxuBcKu u goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA.
HMaTeAOT Ha apxuBcKu u goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA uMa npaBo Ha KopucTeae Ha MaTepujaAOT, corAacHO co 3aKOHcKHTe OApeA6H u npaBO Ha cTpynHa noMom bo norAeg Ha 3amTHTaTa, nyBaaeTo u KopucTeaeTo Ha MaTepujaAOT.
npuBaTeH apxuBcKH H AOKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA e MaTepujaA Koj HacTaHaA bo pa6oTaTa Ha npuBaTHHTe npaBHu u ^h3hhkh AH^a (uMaTeAu) u e bo HUBHa concTBeHocT.
HMaTeAOT Moxe npuBaTHuoT apxuBcKu MaTepujaA ga ro nogapu, npogage hah gage Ha nyBaae Ha TpeTo AH^e, HO He cMee ga ro oTyryBa hah Ha gpyr HanuH ga ro oTcTanyBa Ha cTpaHcKu ^h3hhkh h npaBHu AH^a. npuBaTHHOT apxHBcKH MaTepujaA Koj no naT Ha nogapoK, npoAax6a hah 3apaAH nyBaae ce Haora BO Ap^aBHHOT apxuB e AocTaneH 3a KopucTeae nog ycAOBu h Ha HanuHu onpegeAeHu 3a jaBHuoT apxHBcKH MaTepujaA, goKOAKy co goroBop He e onpegeAeHo nouHaKy.
Bo Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja nocTojaT h AoKyMeHTapHu ^eHTpH, koh npeTcTaByBaaT TproBcKu gpymTBa koh BpmaT 3amTHTa, nyBaae h nog ogpegeHu ycAOBu OBO3MOxyBaaT gocTanHocT go npuBaTHuoT apxHBcKH H AOKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA mTo ro nyBaaT, ho co npeTxogHO OAo6peHHe Ha uMaTeAOT.
1. SaKOH 3a apxHBcKH MaTepujaA, Ca. BecHUK Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja, 6p 95, 26 jyAu 2012 roguHa.
164
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHOCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
2 flocTanHOCT u KopucTe^e Ha jaBHUOT u npuBaTHUOT apxuBCKU u goKyMeHTapeH MaTepuja^
AocTanHOCT u npaBO Ha KopucTeae Ha jaBHuoT apxHBCKH MaTepujaA uMaaT cuTe KopHCHH^H nog
egHaKBu ycAOBu.
JaBHHOT apxHBCKH MaTepujaA bo Ap^aBHuoT apxHB ce gaBa Ha KopucTeae 3apaAu ocTBapyBaae Ha ^yHK^uuTe Ha gpxaBHHTe opraHu, jaBHHTe ycTaHoBu u cAyxöu, jaBHHTe npeTnpujaTuja, eguHu^uTe Ha AoKaAHaTa caMoynpaBa, 3a HaynHu ucTpaxyBaaa, ^y6Au^ucTUHKu noTpeöu, 3a noTpeöu Ha HacTaBaTa, 3a u3Aox6u u o6jaByBaae, 3a ocTBapyBaae u 3amTuTa Ha cAo6oguTe u npaBaTa Ha rparaHHTe u 3a gpyru noTpe6u.
3a KopucTeae Ha npuBaTeH apxuBcKu MaTepujaA mTo ce nyBa bo Ap^aBHuoT apxuB ce npuMeHyBaaT ogpeg6uTe 3a KopucTeae Ha jaBeH apxuBcKu MaTepujaA aKo co 3aKoH hah co gpyru nponucu He e npegBugeHo nouHaKy uAu aKo nouHaKy He e npegBugeHo co goroBopoT 3a npegaBaae Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA bo Ap^aBHuoT apxuB.
Cnopeg 3aKoHoT 3a apxuBcKu MaTepujaA jaBHuoT apxuBcKu MaTepujaA e gocTaneH 3a KopucTeae no 20 roguHu og HeroBoTo co3gaBaae, ho hctuot Moxe ga 6uge gocTaneH 3a KopucTeae u npeg ucTeKoT Ha poKoT og 20 roguHu, aKo ymTe og co3gaBaaeTo e HaMeHeT 3a jaBHocT uAu aKo TaKa onpegeAUA uMaTeAoT.
ApxuBcKuoT u goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA Koj cogpxu ^ogaTo^u mTo ce ogHecyBaaT Ha og6paHaTa, MeryHapogHUTe ogHocu, Ha pa6oTUTe og Ha^uoHaAHaTa 6e36egHocT, BKAynyBajKu ru u Tue 3a ogpxyBaae Ha jaBHuoT peg u Mup, pa3y3HaBaHKaTa pa6oTa u 6e36egHocHaTa gejHocT, Ha eKoHoMcKUTe uHTepecu Ha Peny6AUKa MaKegoHuja, gaHonHUTe TajHu, a co nue oTKpuBaae 6u HacTanuAe mTeTHu ^ocAegu^u 3a Ha^uoHaAHaTa 6e36egHocT u Ha^uoHaAHUTe uHTepecu Ha Peny6AUKa MaKegoHuja, ce gocTanHu 3a KopucTeae no ucTeKoT Ha 100 roguHu og hubhoto HacTaHyBaae, aKo co 3aKoH uau noce6Hu nponucu nouHaKy He e onpegeAeHo.
OHoj apxuBcKuoT u goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA Koj cogpxu ^ogaTo^u 3a reoAomKu u reogeTcKu ucTpaxyBaaa Ha npupogHUTe pecypcu u eKoHoMujaTa Ha 3eMjaTa e gocTaneH 3a KopucTeae no 70 roguHu og HeroBoTo co3gaBaae.
ApxuBcKuoT u goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA Koj cogpxu ^ogaTo^u 3a o6jeKTUTe u Ka^a^uTeTUTe og cTpaTemKo 3HaHeae 3a gpxaBaTa e gocTaneH 3a KopucTeae no 100 roguHu og HeroBoTo co3gaBaae.
ApxuBcKuoT u goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA Koj cogpxu ^ogaTo^u kou npeTcTaByBaaT geAoBHa TajHa, TexHoAomKu ycoBpmyBaaa u uHOBa^uu e gocTaneH 3a KopucTeae no 50 roguHu og HeroBoTo co3gaBaae.
ApxuBcKuoT u goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA mTo cogpxu ^ogaTo^u kou co cBojaTa cogpxuHa ru orpaHUHyBaaT uau MoxaT ga HaHecaT HeraTUBHu ^ocAegu^u Ha npaBaTa u cAo6oguTe Ha rparaHUHoT u Ha uHTerpuTeToT Ha AUHHocTa u ceMejcTBoTo ce KopucTaT no ucTeKoT Ha onpegeAeH BpeMeHcKu nepuog u Toa:
-	goKyMeHTu kou ru HaBpegyBaaT Ha^uoHaAHUTe nyBcTBa, ru orpaHunyBaaT cAo6oguTe u npaBaTa Ha noBeKoT, goKyMeHTu mTo cogpxaT nyBcTBUTeAHu auhhu ^ogaTO^u, ^0gaT0^u 3a pacHo, Ha^u0HaAH0 noTeKAo, noAUTUHKo, BepcKo uau ^uao3o^cko y6egyBaae, 3gpaBcTBeHa cocToj6a, ceKcyaAeH xubot, ynuc uau 6pumeae Bo/og Ka3HeHaTa eBugeH^uja mTo ce Bogu Bp3 ocHoBa Ha 3aKoHoT, kou npegu3BUKyBaaT Ha^uoHaAHa u pacHa HeTpneAUBocT u gucKpuMUHa^uja, ro orpaHunyBaaT uau noHuxyBaaT ^u3uhkuot u MopaAHuoT uHTerpuTeT Ha HoBeKoT, ce gocTanHu 3a KopucTeae no ucTeKoT Ha 70 roguHu og co3gaBaaeTo uau 20 roguHu no cMpTTa Ha Au^eT0, aKo co gpyru nponucu nouHaKy He e npegBugeHo;
-	3gpaBcTBeHu gocueja u ^ogaTo^u 3a Au^eTo ce gocTanHu 3a KopucTeae no ucTeK0T Ha 20 roguHu og cMpTTa Ha Au^eT0 uau 100 roguHu og Her0B0T0 paraae;
-	nepcoHaAHu gocueja u ^0gaT0^u co KapaKTepucTUKu u u3jaBu ce gocTanHu 3a KopucTeae no ucTeK0T Ha 100 roguHu og paraaeTo Ha Au^eT0, ocBeH bo cAynau npegBugeHu co 3aK0H;
-	goKyMeHTu HacTaHaTu bo cygcKa nocTanKa ce gocTanHu 3a KopucTeae no ucTeK0T Ha 50 roguHu og npaBocuAHocTa Ha ogAyKaTa;
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHOCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
-	^OAaTO^H og CTaTHCTHHKH nonHCH u aHKeTu ce gocTanHu 3a KopucTeae no 100 rognHH og nonucoT/aHKeTaTa; u
-	goKyMeHTu kou cogpxaT goBepAuBu HH^opMa^HH 3a ^H3HHKH AH^a u HuBHuTe HacAegHH^H (cuAyBaae, BoHÖpanHo paraae, nocBojyBaae, MaAoAeTHHHKa geAHKBeH^Hja u cahhho) ce gocTanHH 3a KopucTeae no ucTeKoT Ha 20 roguHu og cMpTTa Ha AH^eTo hah 100 roguHu og HeroBoTo paraae.
ApxHBcKuoT H goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA co nogoAru poKoBu Ha KopucTeae Moxe ga öuge gocTaneH 3a KopucTeae u npeg H3MHHyBaaeTo Ha onpegeAeHuoT poK, bo cAyxöeHu u gpyru ^eAH 3a mTo Ha npegAor Ha uMaTeAoT, ogHocHo kophchhkot ogAynyBa BAagaTa Ha PenyÖAUKa MaKegoHuja.
AocTanHocTa go öapaHUTe goKyMeHTu bo Ap^aBHuoT apxuB Moxe npuBpeMeHo ga öuge orpaHHHeHa bo cAynau Kora:
-	goKyMeHTHTe ce bo HecpegeHa u HeoöpaöoTeHa cocTojöa;
-	^H3HHKaTa cocTojöa Ha goKyMeHToT He go3BoAyBa HeroBo KopucTeae;
-	goKyMeHToT e gocTaBeH Ha KopucTeae Ha gpyr KopucHUK; u Kora
-	goKyMeHToT ce pecTaBpupa, KoH3epBHpa, MUKpo^uAMyBa, gHrHTaAH3Hpa u cahhho.
HanuHoT Ha KopucTeae Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA bo Ap^aBHuoT apxuB Ha PenyÖAUKa MaKegoHuja ro nponumyBa gupeKTopoT Ha ApxuBoT.
3apagH gocTanHocT Ha apxuBcKUTe ^oHgoBu u apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA Ap^aBHuoT apxuB H3pa6oTyBa HaynHo-uH^opMaTUBHu cpegcTBa koh ce jaBHu.
npaBoTo Ha yBug u goöuBaae Ha HH^opMa^HH 3a apxuBcKuoT u goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA og Ap^aBHuoT apxHB e 6e3 HagoMecToK.
KopucTeaeTo Ha MaTepujaAoT e co HagoMecToK Kora Ap^aBHuoT apxuB, no öapaae Ha kophchhkot Bpmu ^oTorpa^upaae, MUKpo^uAMyBaae, H3gaBaae Ha npenucu h H3BogH, cKeHupaae, gH^HTaAH3a^Hja H cahhho.
CTpaHcKH ^h3hhkh h npaBHH AH^a MoxaT ga KopucTaT apxuBcKu h goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA bo Ap^aBHuoT apxHB Ha PenyÖAHKa MaKegoHuja, bo corAacHocT co 3aKoHoT 3a apxuBcKu MaTepujaA hah gpyr 3aKoH, onmTUTe aKTu Ha Ap^aBHuoT apxuB u MeryHapogHUTe goroBopu, paTu^uKyBaHu corAacHo co ycTaBoT Ha PenyÖAHKa MaKegoHuja.
3 C^y^6a 3a UH^opMa^uu u KopucTe^e Ha apxuBCKU MaTepujaA
Bo PenyÖAHKa MaKegoHuja cAyxöaTa 3a HH^opMa^HH npu Ap^aBHuoT apxuB Ha HP MaKegoHuja 3anoHHaAa co paöoTa bo 1958 roguHa. Pa3BojoT Ha uH^opMaTUBHaTa cAyxöa, KaKo HepacKUHAUB geA Ha ApxHBoT, rAoöaAHo Moxe ga ce nogeAu bo gBa nepuoga: nepuog Ha co^HjaAHCTHHKO onmTecTBeHo ypegyBaae u egHonapTucKu cucTeM (og 1945 go KpajoT Ha 1990 roguHa) u nepuog Ha napAaMeHTapHa geMoKpaTuja u rparaHcKo onmTecTBo. ApxuBUTe, a co Toa u apxuBcKaTa gejHocT, KaKo HegeAUB geA og onmTecTBeHaTa Hagrpagöa, bo npBuoT nepuog ce ogHecyBaAa cnopeg guKTaToT Ha napTujaTa u gpxaBaTa. Bo Toj nepuog ApxuBoT ce coonyBaA co orpaHuneH npucTan koh ^oHgoBUTe, HegoBoAHa eKunupaHocT Ha apxHBcKuoT Kagap, HegocTaToKoT Ha HaynHo-uH^opMaTUBHu cpegcTBa u ceTo Toa npugoHeAo CAyxöaTa 3a HH^opMa^HH ga goöue roAeM 6poj Ha KpuTUKu og jaBHocTa. Bo nepuogoT nocAe 1990 roguHa ycAegu KBaAUTaTUBeH h KBaHTUTaTUBeH pa3Boj Ha CAyxöaTa 3a HH^opMa^HH h noroAeMa TpaHcnapeHTHocT Ha ApxuBoT u gocTanHocT Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA 3a jaBHocTa. Co ocaMocTojyBaaeTo Ha PenyÖAHKa MaKegoHuja bo 1990 roguHa apxuBcKaTa gejHocT goöu npocTop u moxhoct ga ja a^up-Mupa cBojaTa paöoTa Ha TepuTopujaTa Ha PenyÖAUKaTa u Ha noAeTo Ha MeryHapogHaTa apxuBcKa copa-6oTKa.
Ha TepuTopujaTa Ha PenyÖAUKa MaKegoHuja 3anoHHaAo noTpaHcnapeHTHo oTBopaae Ha ApxuBoT koh HayHHaTa h nomupoKaTa jaBHocT, co 3roAeMeHo npucycTBo bo jaBHUTe rAacuAa h ocTaHaTUTe MeguyMH, co opraHH3Hpaae Ha coBeTyBaaa, cHMno3HyMH, KOH^epeH^HH 3a nenaT, npoeKTu og 3HaHeae 3a MaKegoHcKaTa ucTopuja, H3pa6oTyBaae Ha h3aox6h, nyÖAUKyBaae Ha H3BopeH apxuBcKu MaTepujaA H noHHTeH3HBHa copa6oTKa co o6pa3oBHHTe ycTaHoBH.
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHOCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
OBa AonpHHeAO ga ce npoMeHu npo^HAOT u CTpyKTypaTa Ha KopHCHH^HTe Ha apxHBCKHOT MaTepujaA. OcBeH HaynHHTe pa6oTHH^H, cAyxöaTa 3a HH^opMa^HH h KopHCTeae Ha apxHBCKH MaTepHjaA ce noBeKe uMaAa npuAUKa CBOUTe ycAyru ga ru gaBa h Ha "o6hhhhot" rparaHUH, Koj ocBeH 3a agMHHHCTpaTHBHH noTpe6H, noHHaA ga ro KopucTu apxuBCKuoT MaTepujaA h 3a npoynyBaae Ha Ha^HOHaAHaTa, KyATypHaTa, BoeHaTa, npaBHaTa h eKOHOMCKaTa ucTopuja Ha MaKegoHuja. OBue rparaHu ce noBeKe ce uHTepecupaAe 3a npoynyBaae Ha ogpegeHu "Ta6y" TeMu og noHoBaTa ucTopuja.
Ap^aBHuoT apxHB Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja co cboh aKTu h ^paBHAHH^H ru peryAupa ycAoBUTe 3a KopucTeae Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA bo ApxuBoT Koj e gocTaneH 3a KopucTeae nog egHaKBu ycAoBu 3a cHTe.
Bo Ap^aBHuoT apxHB Moxe ga ce KopucTaT Konuu hah opuruHaAHu goKyMeHTu og apxuBcKUTe ^oHgoBH H 36hpkh co Kou pacnoAara ApxuBoT, mhkpo^hamobh, HaynHo-uH^opMaTUBHu cpegcTBa 3a ^oHgoBHTe H 36HpKHTe H 6H6AHoTeHeH MaTepujaA.
OpuruHaAHuoT apxuBcKu MaTepujaA h oggeAHu goKyMeHTu og oco6eHo ucTopucKo h KyATypHo 3HaHeae He ce gaBaaT Ha KopucTeae bo opuruHaAeH o6ahk, ocBeH bo HCKAyHo^H, Kora hhbhoto KopucTeae ro 6apaaT gpxaBHUTe, HaynHUTe h KyATypHUTe HHCTHTy^HH (3a BemTaneae Ha cyg, eKcnepTH3H H ca.).
KopucHHKoT Ha apxHBcKH MaTepujaA e goAxeH ga Ha3HaHH bo cboj'ot HayneH Tpyg geKa KopucTeA apxHBcKH MaTepujaA bo ApxuBoT, ogHocHo ga ja ^HTHpa curHaTypaTa 3a apxuBcKuoT ^oHg h apxuBcKUTe egHHH^H (goKyMeHTu) mTo ru KopucTeA h egeH npuMepoK og cboj'ot ny6AHKyBaH Tpyg 3a nuja nogroToBKa e KopucTeH apxHBcKH MaTepujaA og ApxuBoT Tpe6a ga h oTcTanu 6e3 HagoMecT Ha 6H6AHoTeKaTa Ha ApxHBoT.
4 npaBU^HUK 3a HaMUHOT Ha KopucTe^e Ha ^UMHUTe gocueja npe3eMeHU og MuHUcTepcTBOTO 3a BHaTpemHU paöoTU u Ka3HeHO nonpaBHUOT goM MflpU3OBO2
Bp3 ocHoBa Ha 3aKoHoT 3a op^aHH3a^Hja h pa6oTa Ha opraHUTe Ha gpxaBHaTa ynpaBa, gupeKTopoT Ha Ap^aBHuoT apxHB Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja uMa goHeceHo RpaBUAHUK 3a HanuHoT Ha KopucTeae Ha AHHHHTe gocueja npe3eMeHH og MuHucTepcTBoTo 3a BHaTpemHu pa6oTH h Ka3HeHo nonpaBHuoT goM HgpH3oBo.
KopucTeaeTo Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H bo gocuejaTa e bo corAacHocT co 3aKoHoT 3a apxuBcKu MaTepujaA, 3aKoHoT 3a cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HH og jaBeH KapaKTep, 3aKoHoT 3a 3amTHTa Ha AHHHHTe ^ogaTo^H h 3aKoHoT 3a onpegeAyBaae Ha ycAoB 3a orpaHunyBaae 3a Bpmeae Ha jaBHa ^yHK^Hja, npucTan Ha goKyMeHTu h o6jaByBaae Ha copa6oTKaTa co opraHUTe Ha gpxaBHaTa 6e36egHocT.
Ap^aBHuoT apxHB Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja 3a ceKoe KopucTeae Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H og AHHHHTe gocueja, Bogu uHTepHa eBHgeH^Hja, bo Koja ce BHecyBaaT ^ogaTo^H 3a Ha3HBoT Ha ahhhoto gocue, HaMeHaTa 3a Koja ce KopucTu, nepuogoT Ha Koj ce ogHecyBaaT KopucTeHUTe ^ogaTo^H h uMe h npe3HMe Ha kophchhkot Ha gocueTo.
CeKoe ^h3hhko AH^e uMa npaBo, no HeroBo nucMeHo 6apaae (co ^oToKonuja og AUHHa KapTa) HAH nucMeHo 6apaae Ha HeroB noAHoMomHUK (co noAHoMomHo 3aBepeHo Ha HoTap) hah HacAegHUK (co goKyMeHT 3a yTBpgyBaae cpogcTBo), ga no6apa KopucTeae Ha ahhhoto gocue Koe 6hao BogeHo 3a Hero. Koh 6apaaeTo Tpe6a ga 6Hge npuAoxeHa h noTnumaHa H3jaBa 3a Heo6jaByBaae Ha ^ogaTo^HTe koh 6apaTeAoT ru BugeA bo gocueTo.
OHaMy Kage mTo cogpxuHaTa Ha goKyMeHTUTe Moxe ga npegH3BHKa cepHo3Ho Kpmeae Ha npaBaTa H HHTepecuTe Ha TpeTu cTpaHKu, hhh uMuaa ce cnoMeHyBaaT bo goKyMeHTUTe h npuToa He nocTou nucMeHa corAacHocT og hub hah og HUBHUTe HacAegHH^H, Ke 6Hge HanpaBeHa Konuja og goKyMeHTUTe co MapKupaae Ha ^ogaTo^HTe 3a TpeTUTe AH^a.
Ogo6peHHe 3a KopucTeae Ha AUHHUTe gocueja gaBa gupeKTopoT Ha Ap^aBHuoT apxuB.
2. AoHeceH bo 2006 roguHa, a H3MeHeT h gonoAHeT bo 2013 roguHa.
167
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHOCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
AoKyMeHTHTe og gocuejaTa co nue OTKpuBaae 6h ce 3arpo3HAa gp^aBHaTa 6e36eAHOCT hah 6h ce 3arpo3HAe hah BAomuAe uHTepecuTe Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja bo MeryHapogHUTe ogHOCu hah 6h ce co3gaAo cepHo3Ha onacHocT no xhbotot Ha HeKoe AH^e, HeMa ga My 6HgaT gageHu Ha kophchhkot.
CeKoe AH^e uMa npaBo Ha npucTan go goKyMeHTUTe og AUHHUTe gocueja npe3eMeHH og MuHucTepcTBoTo 3a BHaTpemHH pa6oTH, a BogeHu og opraHUTe Ha gpxaBHaTa 6e36egHocT h Toa 3a HayHHo ucTpaxyBaae h o6pa3oBHH aKTUBHocTu, corAacHo co ogpeg6HTe og 3aKoHoT 3a cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HH og jaBeH KapaKTep h aKTUTe og Ap^aBHuoT apxuB.
5 3aKOH 3a c^oöogeH npucTan go UH^opMa^uuTe og jaBeH KapaKTep
npu KopucTeaeTo Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA h npu oBo3MoxyBafteTo Ha HeroBaTa gocTanHocT, KaKo H npu H3pa6oTyBafteTo Ha 3aKoHoT 3a apxuBcKu MaTepujaA ce 3eMeHH bo npegBug h ogpeg6HTe og 3aKoHoT 3a cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HHTe og jaBeH KapaKTep. Co oBoj 3aKoH ce ypegyBaaT ycAoBHTe, HaHHHoT H nocTanKaTa 3a ocTBapyBaae Ha npaBoTo Ha cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HHTe og jaBeH KapaKTep co koh pacnoAaraaT opraHUTe Ha gpxaBHaTa BAacT h gpyru ycTaHoBu h HHCTHTy^HH yTBpgeHH co 3aKoH, opraHUTe Ha onmTUHUTe, Ha rAaBHuoT rpag CKonje, jaBHUTe ycTaHoBu h cAyx6H, jaBHHTe npeTnpujaTuja, npaBHu h ^h3hhkh AH^a mTo BpmaT jaBHu oBAacTyBaaa h gejHocT og jaBeH HHTepec, yTBpgeHH co 3aKoH.
OBoj 3aKoH o6e36egyBa jaBHocT h oTBopeHocT bo pa6oTefteTo Ha uMaTeAUTe Ha HH^opMa^HH h HM ce oBo3MoxyBa Ha ^H3HHKHTe H npaBHHTe AH^a ga ro ocTBapyBaaT npaBoTo Ha cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HH og jaBeH KapaKTep.
HH^opMa^Hja og jaBeH KapaKTep e HH^opMa^Hja bo 6hao Koja ^opMa Koja ja co3gaA h co Koja pacnoAara uMaTeAoT Ha HH^opMa^HjaTa, corAacHo co HeroBUTe HagAexHocTu.
Bo corAacHocT co oBoj 3aKoHoT, cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HH uMaaT cuTe npaBHu h ^H3HHKH AH^a, BKAyHyBajKH rU H cTpaHcKHTe npaBHH H ^H3HHKH AH^a.
KoMucujaTa 3a 3amTHTa Ha npaBoTo 3a cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HHTe og jaBeH KapaKTep egHam rogumHo bo cpegcTBaTa 3a jaBHo uH^opMupaae, bo 6HATeH, hah Ha uHTepHeT cTpaHH^a o6jaByBa AucTa Ha HMaTeAH Ha HH^opMa^HH og jaBeH KapaKTep.
HMaTeAHTe Ha HH^opMa^HH MoxaT ga og6HjaT 6apafte 3a npucTan go HH^opMa^Hja bo corAacHocT co 3aKoH aKo HH^opMa^HjaTa ce ogHecyBa Ha:
^ogaTo^H mTo Bp3 ocHoBa Ha 3aKoH npeTcTaByBaaT KAacH^H^HpaHa HH^opMa^Hja co coogBeTeH cTeneH Ha TajHocT;
-	AHHeH nogaToK nue oTKpuBaae 6h 3HaHeAo noBpega Ha 3amTHTaTa Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H;
-	HH^opMa^Hja 3a apxuBcKoTo pa6oTefte Koja e yTBpgeHa KaKo goBepAUBa;
-	HH^opMa^Hja Hue gaBaae 6h 3HaHeAo noBpega Ha goBepAUBocTa Ha gaHonHaTa nocTanKa;
-	HH^opMa^Hja cTeKHaTa hah cocTaBeHa 3a BpeMe Ha HeKoja ucTpara, KpuBUHHa hah npeKpmoHHa nocTanKa, 3a cnpoBegyBaae Ha ynpaBHa h Ha rparaHcKa nocTanKa, a Hue gaBaae 6h uMaAo mTeTHH ^ocAegH^H 3a TeKoT Ha nocTanKaTa;
-	HH^opMa^Hja Koja ce ogHecyBa Ha KOMep^HjaAHH h gpyru eKoHoMcKu uHTepecu, BKAynyBajKu ru HHTepecuTe Ha MoHeTapHaTa h Ha ^ucKaAHaTa noAUTUKa h Hue gaBaae Ke uMa mTeTHu ^ocAegH^H bo ocTBapyBaaeTo Ha ^yHK^HjaTa;
-	HH^opMa^Hja og goKyMeHT mTo e bo nocTanKa Ha nogroTByBaae h ce ymTe e npegMeT Ha ycorAacyBaae Kaj uMaTeAoT Ha HH^opMa^HH, Hue oTKpuBaae 6h npegH3BHKaAo norpemHo pa36Hpaae Ha cogpxuHaTa;
-	HH^opMa^Hja 3a 3amTHTa Ha xuBoTHaTa cpeguHa Koja He e gocTanHa go jaBHocTa 3apagH 3amTHTa Ha 3gpaBjeTo Ha AyreTo h xuBoTHaTa cpeguHa; h
-	HH^opMa^Hja Koja ru 3arpo3yBa npaBaTa og uHgycTpucKa hah uHTeAeKTyaAHa concTBeHocT.
-	HH^opMa^HHTe HaBegeHH norope cTaHyBaaT gocTanHu Kora Ke npecTaHaT npuHUHUTe 3a HHBHaTa HegocTanHocT, ho hcto TaKa h no ucKAyHoK uMaTeAUTe Ha HH^opMa^HHTe Moxe ga ogo6paT npucTan go HH^opMa^Hja, aKo co o6jaByBaaeTo Ha TaKBaTa HH^opMa^Hja
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHOCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
^ocAeAH^HTe Bp3 uHTepecoT Koj ce 3amTHTyBa ce noMaAH og jaBHuoT uHTepec mTO 6h ce nocTHrHaA co o6jaByBafteTo Ha HH^opMa^HjaTa.
-	CeKoj HMaTeA Ha HH^opMa^HH 3a nocpegyBaae onpegeAyBa egHo hah noBeKe cAyx6eHH AH^a npu ocTBapyBaae Ha npaBoTo Ha cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HH u 3a Toa ja uH^opMupa jaBHocTa.
-	CAyx6eHoTo AH^e Bogu noce6Ha eBHgeH^Hja 3a npuMaaeTo Ha 6apafta 3a HH^opMa^HH, HyBaaeTo u gaBaae Ha HH^opMa^HHHTe.
HMaTeAHTe Ha HH^opMa^HH ce goAXHu pegoBHo ga BogaT u ga ja axypupaaT AucTaTa Ha HH^opMa^HH co koh Tue pacnoAaraaT u ga ru o6jaByBaaT Ha HaHUH gocTaneH 3a jaBHocTa (uHTepHeT CTpaHH^a, orAacHa Ta6Aa u gpyro).
OgroBopHHTe AH^a Kaj uMaTeAUTe Ha HH^opMa^HH 3a ga o6e36egaT cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HHTe ce goAXHu 3a 6apaTeAHTe ga o6e36egaT npocTopuu 3a yBug bo 6apaHHTe HH^opMa^HH, a cAyx6eHHTe AH^a 3a nocpegyBaae co HH^opMa^HH ce goAXHu ga hm yKaxyBaaT noMom npu 6apafteTo Ha HH^OpMa^HHTe.
CeKoj HMaTeA Ha HH^opMa^HH e goAxeH ga o6e36egH 6ecnAaTeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HHTe og jaBeH KapaKTep u ga ja 3ano3Hae jaBHocTa co HaHUHoT u ycAoBUTe 3a npucTan go HH^opMa^HHTe, a 6apaTeAoT Ha HH^opMa^Hja 3a go6HeHHoT npenuc, ^oToKonuja hah eAeKTpoHcKu 3anHc Ha HH^opMa^HjaTa, nAaKa HagoMecToK bo BucuHa Ha MaTepujaAHUTe Tpomo^H.
OgroBopHoTo AH^e Ha uMaTeAoT Ha HH^opMa^HjaTa e goAXHo ga nogroTBu rogumeH H3BemTaj 3a cnpoBegyBaaeTo Ha 3aKoHoT 3a cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HHTe og jaBeH KapaKTep u ga ro gocTaBu go KoMucujaTa 3a 3amTHTa Ha npaBoTo 3a cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HHTe og jaBeH KapaKTep.
Co 3aKoHoT 3a cAo6ogeH npucTan go HH^opMa^HHTe og jaBeH KapaKTep npegBugeHu ce u Ka3HeHH ogpeg6H 3a ogroBopHoTo, ogHocHo cAyx6eHoTo AH^e Kaj uMaTeAoT Ha HH^opMa^HjaTa Koj HeMa ga obo3moxh gocTanHocT go HH^opMa^Hja og jaBeH KapaKTep.
6 3aKOH 3a 3amTUTa Ha ^UMHUTe ^oflaTo^u
AuHHHTe ^ogaTo^H ce HajoceTAUBoTo npamaae Kora cTaHyBa 36op 3a KopucTeae Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA. ApxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA cogpxu noMaAKy hah noBeKe oceTAUBu ^ogaTo^H, co Huja gocTanHocT Moxe ga 6Hge noBpegeHa npuBaTHocTa Ha ogpegeHa uguBugya.
^eA Ha 3aKoHoT 3a 3amTHTa Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H e Ha TepuTopujaTa Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja ga HM ce ocurypa Ha cuTe AH^a, 6e3 orAeg Ha hhbhoto gpxaBjaHcTBo hah xuBeaAumTe, 3amTHTa Ha HoBeKoBHTe npaBa h ocHoBHUTe cAo6ogH, a oco6eHo npaBoTo Ha npuBaTHocT h 3amTHTa Ha ^ogaTo^HTe bo norAeg Ha o6pa6oTKaTa Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H koh ce ogHecyBaaT Ha hub.
noce6HH KaTeropuH Ha ahhhh ^ogaTo^H ce AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H koh ro oTKpuBaaT pacHoTo hah eTHHHKoTo noTeKAo, noAUTUHKo, BepcKo hah gpyro yBepyBaae, HAeHcTBoTo bo cuHguKaAHa op^aHH3a^Hja H ^ogaTo^H mTo ce ogHecyBaaT Ha 3gpaBcTBeHaTa cocToj6a hah ceKcyaAHuoT xhbot Ha AH^eTo.
O6pa6oTKaTa Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H Moxe ga ce Bpmu caMo no npeTxogHo go6HeHa nucMeHa corAacHocT Ha cy6jeKToT Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H, ho ce npaBaT h HCKAyHO^H Kora o6pa6oTKaTa Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H e co ^eA H3BpmyBaae Ha pa6oTH og jaBeH uHTepec.
3a6paHeTa e o6pa6oTKa Ha noce6HHTe KaTeropuu Ha ahhhh ^ogaTo^H, ho h bo oboj' norAeg 3aKoHoT npegBugyBa ogpegeHu HCKAyHO^H.
CeKoe AH^e Koe uMa npucTan go ahhhh ^ogaTo^H e goAXHo ga o6e36egH TajHocT, 3amTHTa Ha AHHHHTe ^ogaTo^H h ga ru o6pa6oTyBa ucTUTe corAacHo co oBAacTyBaaaTa.
npeHoc Ha AHHHH ^ogaTo^H bo gpyru gpxaBu Moxe ga ce H3BpmH caMo goKoAKy gpyraTa gpxaBa o6e36egH coogBeTeH cTeneH Ha 3amTHTa Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H. CTeneHoT Ha coogBeTHocTa Ha 3amTHTaTa Ha AHHHHTe ^ogaTo^H bo gpyra gpxaBa ja o^eHyBa AHpeK^HjaTa 3a 3amTHTa Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H.
AHpeK^HjaTa 3a 3amTHTa Ha AUHHUTe ^ogaTo^H e ocHoBaHa 3apagH Bpmeae Ha Hag3op Hag 3aKoHHTocTa Ha npe3eMeHHTe aKTUBHocTu npu o6pa6oTyBaae Ha ahhhh ^ogaTo^H h HUBHaTa 3amTHTa
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHOCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
Ha TepuTopujaTa Ha PenyÖAHKa MaKegoHuja u ucTaTa npeTCTaByBa caMOCToeH u He3aBHceH gp^aBeH opraH co CBojcTBO Ha npaBHO AH^e.
7 3aKOH 3a 3amTUTa Ha Ky^TypHOTO Hac^egcTBO u apxuBCKUOT MaTepuja^
ApxuBCKuoT MaTepujaA og noceÖHo KyATypHo u ucTopucKo 3HaHefte, KaKo goöpo og onmT uHTepec, noceÖHo ce 3amTHTyBa u cnopeg nponucuTe 3a 3amTHTa Ha KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo.
Co 3aKoHoT 3a 3amTHTa Ha KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo ce yTBpgyBaaT KaTeropuuTe, HgeHTH^HKa^HjaTa, HaHHHHTe Ha cTaBaae nog 3amTHTa u gpyruTe HHcTpyMeHTH 3a 3amTHTa Ha KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo, npaBaTa u goAXHocTHTe Ha HMaTeAHTe u orpaHunyBaaaTa Ha npaBaTa Ha concTBeHocT Ha KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo bo jaBeH HHTepec bo PenyÖAHKa MaKegoHuja.
KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo Moxe ga öuge MaTepujaAHo u HeMaTepujaAHo, co3gageHo KaKo pe3yATaT Ha HoBeKoBoTo TBopemTBo bo MHHaToTo H ceramHocTa hah KaKo 3aegHHHKo geAo Ha noBeKoT u npupogaTa.
KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo cnopeg HeroBUTe cBojcTBa Moxe ga öuge HegBuxHo, gBuxHo u gyxoBHo, a cnopeg HeroBoTo 3HaHefte Moxe ga öuge og ocoöeHo u og gpyro KyATypHo u ucTopucKo 3HaHefte (3HaHajHo KyATypHo HacAegcTBo).
Cnopeg cTeneHoT Ha HeroBaTa 3arpo3eHocT KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo Moxe ga öuge He3arpo3eHo u 3arpo3eHo (KyATypHo HacAegcTBo bo onacHocT).
OcHoBHa ^eA Ha 3amTHTaTa Ha KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo e Toa ga ce 3aHyBa bo HeroBaTa H3BopHa cocTojöa H KaKo TaKBo ga ce npeHece bo HacAegcTBo Ha ugHUTe ^eHepa^HH.
KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo e TeMeAHa BpegHocT Ha PenyÖAUKa MaKegoHuja u HeroBaTa 3amTHTa e og jaBeH HHTepec, mTo ce ocTBapyBa 3agoAXHTeAHo Ha ^eAaTa TepuTopuja Ha PenyÖAUKa MaKegoHuja.
OcTBapyBaaeTo Ha 3amTHTaTa Ha KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo e npBeHcTBeHo goAXHocT h ogroBopHocT Ha gpxaBaTa u Hej3HHHTe opraHu u jaBHu cAyxöu, ho h goAXHocT Ha ceKoj rparaHUH.
KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo bo MaKegoHuja ce KAacH^H^Hpa cnopeg Ha^HOHaAHaTa KAacH^HKa^Hja Ha KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo, goHeceHa og BAagaTa Ha PenyÖAUKa MaKegoHuja.
3a KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo ce Bogu Ha^HOHaAeH perucTap, mTo npeTcTaByBa jaBHa KHura u ce coctoh og rAaBHa KHura u gonoAHUTeAHu perucTpu.
BAagaTa Ha PenyÖAUKa MaKegoHuja no npegAor Ha Ha^HOHaAHHOT coBeT 3a KyATypHo HacAegcTBo, goHecyBa Ha^HOHaAHa cTpaTeruja 3a 3amTHTa u KopucTeae Ha KyATypHoTo HacAegcTBo. Ha^HOHaAHaTa cTpaTeruja ce goHecyBa 3a nepuog og 15 roguHu u cogpxu goAropoHHu ochobh Ha noAUTUKaTa 3a 3amTHTa u KopucTeae Ha KyATypHOTo HacAegcTBo. Ha^HOHaAHaTa cTpaTeruja ce ycorAacyBa co npocTopHHOT nAaH Ha PenyÖAHKa MaKegoHuja h co cTpaTeruuTe 3a 3amTHTa h KopucTeae Ha 3aegHHHKOTo KyATypHo HacAegcTBo bo EBpona.
KyATypHOTo HacAegcTBo og ocoöeHo 3HaHeae bo gpxaBHa concTBeHocT He cMee ga ce oTyryBa u ga ce H3Be3yBa, HUKoj He cMee ga omTeTu HUTy ga yHumTu KyATypHO HacAegcTBo, HUTy ga Kynu, npuMu bo 3aAor HAH Ha gpyr HaHUH ga npuöaBu KyATypHO HacAegcTBo.
ApxHBcKHOT MaTepujaA, KaKo gBHXHo KyATypHO HacAegcTBo Moxe npuBpeMeHo ga ce H3HecyBa bo cTpaHcTBo 3apagH H3Aaraae, KOH3epBa^Hja, eKcnepTH3a u bo gpyru onpaBgaHu cAynau, Bp3 ocHOBa Ha ogoöpeHue og HagAexHa ycTaHOBa.
JaBHHTe ycTaHOBH bo oÖAacTa Ha BocnuTaHueTo, oöpa3OBaHHeTo, HayKaTa, KyATypaTa u HH^opMupaaeTo ce goAXHu, bo cBOUTe nporpaMu u nAaHOBu 3a paöoTa ga npegBugaT cogpxuHu 3a cTeKHyBaae 3Haeaa u H3rpagyBaae Ha npaBUAeH u aKTUBeH ogHoc cnpeMa KyATypHOTo HacAegcTBo u HeroBaTa 3amTHTa.
KyATypHOTo HacAegcTBo u goKyMeHTa^HjaTa 3a HeroBaTa 3amTHTa Mopa ga ce gocTanHu 3a jaBHocTa, a gogTanHocTa Moxe ga öuge orpaHUHeHa bo corAacHocT co 3aKOHOT 3a 3amTHTa Ha KyATypHOTo HacAegcTBo.
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHOCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHMja, 163-175
AoKyMeHTa^HjaTa 3a KyATypHoTo HaCAegCTBo h gpyruTe 3amTHTeHH goöpa Ce nyBa Ha Tpu pa3AHHHH MCCTa, mTo ru onpegeAyBa ynpaBaTa 3a 3amTHTa Ha KyATypHoTo HaCAegCTBo, a uCTaTa (npcTCXHo Konuu og goKyMeHTa^HjaTa) cc gaBa Ha KopuCTeae 3a CAyxöeHu, HaynHu h egyKaTUBHu ^eAH, oöjaByBaae h gpyru onpaBgaHu npunuHu, 3a mTo CC Bogu eBHgeH^Hja.
HMaTCAoT Ha 3amTHTeHoTo goöpo e goAxcH, Bp3 oCHoBa Ha pemcHue Ha ynpaBaTa 3a 3amTHTa Ha KyATypHoTo HaCAegCTBo, ga h obo3moxh Ha jaBHoCTa goCTanHoCT go 3amTHTeHoTo goöpo, aKo Toa co orAcg Ha npupogaTa h HaMCHaTa Ha goöpoTo, e noTpeÖHo 3apagH 3agoBoAyBafte Ha KyATypHUTc noTpeöu Ha rparaHHTC hah 3a noCTurHyBaae Ha gpyru ^eAH bo jaBCH uTcpcC.
AoCTanHoCTa nogpa36Hpa noCcöcH HanuH Ha CKCnoHupaae Ha gBuxHUTC goöpa Ha CaMoTo mccto HAH hhbho npcHCCyBaftC Ha gpyro CoogBCTHo mccto h cahhho.
Cnopeg 3aKoHoT 3a 3amTHTa Ha KyATypHoTo HacAcgcTBo 3amTHTaTa Ha apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA KaKo gBHXHo KyATypHo HacAcgcTBo ja Bpmu Ap^aBHuoT apxuB Ha PenyÖAUKa MaKcgoHuja.
Bo corAacHocT co 3aKoHoT 3a 3amTHTa Ha KyATypHo HacAcgcTBo Ap^aBHuoT apxuB Ha PenyÖAUKa MaKcgoHuja:
-	Bogu ocHoBHa eBHgeH^Hja 3a apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA;
-	H3pa6oTyBa CAaöopaTu 3a BaAopH3a^Hja h peBaAopH3a^Hja Ha apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA og ocoöcHo 3HaHefte;
-	goHCcyBa pemcHue 3a nporAacyBaae Ha apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA 3a KyATypHo HacAcgcTBo bo onacHocT;
-	Bpmu KoH3epBaTopcKH HCTpaxyBaaa;
-	H3pa6oTyBa KoH3epBaTopcKH npocKTu;
-	Bpmu KoH3epBaTopcKH paöoTH Hag apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA;
-	Bpmu KoH3epBaTopcKH Hag3op;
-	npe3eMa McpKu 3a 6e36egHocHa 3amTHTa Ha apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA; h
-	Bpmu gpyru pa6oTH mTo My ce CTaBCHu bo HagACXHocT co obo' hah gpyr 3aKoH.
3apagH CAcgeae, ocTBapyBaae h yHanpegyBaae Ha 3amTHTaTa h KopucTeacTo Ha KyATypHoTo HacAcgcTBo e ocHoBaH Ha^HOHaAeH cobct 3a KyATypHo HacAcgcTBo KaKo coBCTogaBHo h KoopguHaTUBHo tcao Ha BAagaTa Ha Peny6AHKa MaKcgoHuja, cocTaBCH og npcTcegaTCA h 14 hachobh, mTo ru uMCHyBa h pa3pemyBa BAagaTa.
8 BamTUTa Ha apxuBCKUOT MaTepuja^
8.1 3amTHTa Ha apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA bo ApxaBHuoT apxuB Ha Peny6AHKa MaKcgoHuja
EguHCTBCHuoT CHCTCM Ha 3amTHTa Ha apxHBCKuoT MaTcpujaA bo ApxaBHuoT apxHB Ha Peny6AHKa MaKcgoHuja ce tcmcah Bp3 eguHCTBCHa CTpynHa MCTogoAoruja Ha pa6oTHH 3agaHH co coogBCTHo H3roTBeHH HopMaTHBHH aKTH 3a pa6oTa.
3amTHTaTa Ha apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA e egHa og ochobhhtc 3agaHH Ha ApxaBHuoT apxuB Ha Peny6AHKa MaKcgoHuja.
Co ^eA ga ce 3amTHTH apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA Tpe6a ga ce CBugcHTupa, a Toa ce cnpoBcgyBa ymTc co co3gaBaaeTo Ha goKyMCHTUTc Kaj uMaTCAUTe Ha goKyMCHTapcH MaTcpujaA h npogoAxyBa no npe3eMaaeTo bo apxuBUTC. RoHaTaMy apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA ce CMCCTyBa h nyBa bo HaMCHCKu H3rpageHH genoa, bo corAacocT co nponumaHUTC apxuBCKu CTaHgapgu, mTo e bo gupcKTHa 3aBHCHocT og KaTcropujaTa Ha Koja h npunara apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA.
3apagH nogo6pa 3amTHTa apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA ce KaTeropH3Hpa bo HCTupu KaTcropuu. RpBaTa KaTcropuja, ogHocHo apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA og HajBucoKUTc 3aKoHogaBHH, H3BpmHH h cygcKu gpxaBHu opraHH og hckayhhtcaho 3HaHeae 3a ucTopujaTa Ha MaKcgoHCKaTa gpxaBa h Hapog e co HajnpuopuTCTHo 3HaHeae.
no npe3eMaaeTo Ha apxuBCKuoT MaTcpujaA bo ApxuBoT ce npe3eMaaT McpKu Ha 3amTHTa co o6ecnpamyBaae h ge3HH^eK^Hja, a noToa ce CMCCTyBa bo genoaTa Ha ogHanpeg onpegcACHo mccto.
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHoCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
no H3BpmeHHTe 3amTHTHH MepKH H cMecTyBaae bo genoaTa, KoMucujaTa 3a BaAopH3a^Hja, KaTe^opH3a^Hja, MUKpo^uAMyBaae, AH^HTaAH3a^Hja h Konupaae Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA, og npe3eMeHHTe ^ohaobh Bpmu H36op h gaBa npeAAO3H 3a HeroBO MUKpo^uAMyBaae hah AH^HTaAH3a^Hja. Co MHKpo^HAMyBaaeTo h AH^HTaAH3a^HjaTa, apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA ce 3amTHTyBa og omTeTyBaae npu KopucTeaeTo og cTpaHa Ha ucTpa^yBanuTe.
SamTHTaTa ce Bpmu h co KOH3epBa^Hja h pecTaBpa^Hja Ha omTeTeHuoT apxuBcKu MaTepujaA. 3a Taa ^eA bo Ap^aBHuoT apxuB Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja nocTou Aa6opaTopHja 3a KOH3epBa^Hja h pecTaBpa^Hja, Koja mTo Tpe6a ga ce goonpeMu, co ^eA ga ru ucnoAHu HajHOBUTe cTaHgapgu.
3a ycnemHa 3amTHTa bo Aa6opaTopHjaTa ce BpmaT cuTe HeonxogHu xeMucKu h MHKpo6HOAomKH ucnuTyBaaa 3a yTBpgyBaae Ha npuHUHUTeAUTe koh goBeAe go omTeTyBaae Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA. Bp3 ocHOBa Ha Ao6HeHHTe pe3yATaTH ce npucTanyBa koh oTcTpaHyBaae Ha npuHUHUTeAUTe Ha omTeTyBaaaTa co KOH3epBa^Hja h pecTaBpa^Hja.
8.2	3amTHTa h nyBaae Ha ^OAaTO^HTe eBugeHTupaHu bo gurHTaAHHTe 6a3H Ha ^OAaTO^H
npo6AeMaTHKaTa 3a gocTanHocTa h curypHocTa Ha HH^opMa^HHTe, co orAeg Ha TeHAeH^HjaTa Ha 3roAeMyBaae Ha goKyMeHTUTe bo eAeKTpoHcKu o6ahk, cTaHyBa ce noBeKe aKTyeAHa bo coBpeMeHUTe op^aHH3a^HH h coBpeMeHuoT HanuH Ha xuBeeae, na co Toa h bo ApxuBUTe, a co Toa ce HaMeTHyBa noTpe6aTa og nocTojaHO yHanpegyBaae Ha npaBHaTa peryAaTUBa mTo ce ogHecyBa Ha apxuBcKOTo pa6oTeae.
noTpe6Ho e KOHcTaHTHo ycoBpmyBaae Ha nepcoHaAOT co ^eA ga ce ogroBopH Ha noTpe6HTe Ha apxuBcKOTo pa6oTeae bo coBpeMeHOTo uH^opMaTUHKo onmTecTBo.
Ap^aBHHOT apxuB Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja BAoxyBa Hanopu 3a npaTeae Ha coBpeMeHUTe TeKOBH BO apxuBucTHKaTa, mTo ceKaKO BKAynyBa nyBaae, 3amTHTa h cpegyBaae, ho h noegHocTaByBaae Ha npucTanoT go eAeKTpoHcKUTe goKyMeHTu.
Ap^aBHHOT apxuB Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja pa6oTH Ha co3AaBaae h npuMeHa Ha egeH coBpeMeH aBTOMaTH3HpaH HaHHH Ha npe6apyBaae npeKy uHTepHeT, co npuMeHa Ha coBpeMeHUTe cBeTcKu cTaHgapgu BO apxuBucTHKaTa H HH^opMaTHKaTa, a ce co ^eA npH6AHxyBaae Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA go jaBHocTa.
Cnopeg hobhot 3aKOH 3a apxuBcKu MaTepujaA, eAeKTpoHcKUTe goKyMeHTu ce nyBaaT bo H3BopHa ^opMa H Ha MeguyMH koh oBO3MoxyBaaT TpajHocT Ha eAeKTpoHcKuoT 3anHc bo TeKOT Ha HeroBuoT nponumaH poK Ha Tpaeae h ce geA og eAeKTpoHcKaTa apxuBa.
EAeKTpoHcKUTe AOKyMeHTH Tpe6a ga 6HAaT bo ceKoj MOMeHT gocTanHu bo hhtahb o6ahk 3a cuTe OHue AH^a KOH HMaaT npaBo Ha npucTan go hub h ucTUTe Tpe6a ga ce 3aBepeHH co eAeKTpoHcKu noTnuc.
^OAaTO^HTe eBugeHTupaHu bo gurHTaAHHTe 6a3H Ha ^OAaTO^H ce nyBaaT Ha HanuH Koj ru o6e36eAyBa og HeoBAacTeH npucTan, 6pHmeae, MeHyBaae hah ry6eae.
npeg ucTeKOT Ha nepuogoT Ha Tpaeae Ha MeguyMOT bo Koj ce nyBaaT eAeKTpoHcKUTe goKyMeHTu, BO 3aBHcHocT OA npoMeHaTa Ha HH^opMaTHHKO-KOMyHHKa^HCKaTa onpeMa eAeKTpoHcKUTe goKyMeHTu ce npecHHMyBaaT (MurpupaaT) Ha hobh MeguyMu (^opMaTu).
ApxuBCKHOT MaTepujaA Koj e co3AaAeH bo eAeKTpoHCKa, guruTaAHa, onTUHKa hah gpyra ^opMa (3anHc), ce npeHecyBa bo xapTueHa ^opMa, a goKOAKy He e moxho ga ce npeHece bo xapTueHa ^opMa, ocTaHyBa bo H3BopHaTa ^opMa bo Koja e co3AaAeH.
8.3	3amTHTa Ha apxuBCKuoT MaTepujaA Kaj uMaTeAUTe
ApxuBOT e goAxeH pegoBHo ga ja cAegu cocToj6aTa co 3amTHTaTa Ha apxuBCKuoT MaTepujaA Kaj HMaTeAHTe, pegoBHo ga Bogu eBHAeH^Hja 3a Hej3HHaTa cogpxuHa h ga hm npyxa cTpyHHa noMom.
3a ocTBapyBaae Ha oBue 3aAaHH bo ApxuBOT nocTou noce6eH CeKTop 3a HHC^eK^HCKH HaA3op h
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHoCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKu MaTepujaA Kaj uMaTeAUTe, Koj cnpoBegyBa HHC^eK^HCKH Hag3op Hag pa6oTaTa Ha HMaTeAHTe.
Bo 3aBHcHocT og BugoT H o6eMoT Ha gejHocTa mTo ja H3BpmyBaaT, CeKTopoT ru geAu uMaTeAUTe Ha npuopuTeTHH h HenpuopuTeTHu.
noceTHTe Ha uMaTeAUTe ce egHa og HajBaxHUTe ^yHK^HH Ha CeKTopoT. RpeKy hub CeKTopoT gupeKTHo ce 3ano3HaBa co HaHUHoT Ha Koj uMaTeAUTe ro 3amTHTyBaaT apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA. Pe3yATaT Ha H3BpmeHaTa noceTa Kaj uMaTeAoT e 3anHcHHK. Bo 3anHcHHKoT ce HaBegyBaaT cocToj6HTe HajgeHu Kaj HMaTeAoT H npegAor MepKu h pokobh 3a hhbhoto oTcTpaHyBaae.
Bo HagAexHocT Ha CeKTopoT e h gaBaaeTo corAacHocTu Ha uMaTeAUTe 3a yHumTyBaae Ha 6e3BpegHHoT goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA co H3MHHaT poK Ha HyBaae.
HMaTeAoT Ha apxuBcKu h goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA uMa npaBo Ha KopucTeae Ha MaTepujaAoT, corAacHo co ogpeg6HTe Ha 3aKoHoT 3a apxuBcKu MaTepujaA h uMa npaBo Ha cTpyHHa noMom bo norAeg Ha 3amTHTaTa, HyBaaeTo h KopucTeaeTo Ha MaTepujaAoT.
HMaTeAoT e goAxeH ga ro 3amTHTyBa, HyBa h ogpxyBa apxuBcKuoT h goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA bo H3BopHa H 6e36egHa cocToj6a, co ^eA ga He ce omTeTu, ga He HcHe3He h ga He ce yHumTu. Tue BogaT eBHgeH^Hja 3a apxuBcKuoT h goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA h gaBaaT ^ogaTo^H h HH^opMa^HH 3a hcthot, a Kora e Toa noTpe6Ho My go3BoAyBaaT Ha oBAacTeHo AH^e og ApxaBHuoT apxuB ga peaAH3Hpa yBug bo cocToj6aTa.
HMaTeAHTe ce goAXHu ga o6e36egaT gocTanHocT go apxuBcKuoT h goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA 3a jaBHocTa, corAacHo co 3aKoHoT 3a apxuBcKu MaTepujaA h gpyru nponucu, ho h ga npe3eMaaT noce6HH MepKH 3a 3amTHTa Ha hcthot 3a BpeMe Ha BoeHa hah BoHpegHa cocToj6a.
AoKoAKy HMaTeAoT Ha jaBeH apxuBcKu h goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA hcthot ro HyBa HecoBecHo h HecTpyHHo H 3apagH Toa nocTou onacHocT og omTeTyBaae hah yHumTyBaae, ApxaBHuoT apxuB Moxe ga My HaAoxu Ha HMaTeAoT ga cnpoBege noTpe6HH MepKu 3a 3amTHTa.
Kora HMaTeAoT Ha jaBeH apxuBcKu h goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA npecTaHyBa co pa6oTa HeroBuoT MaTepujaA ce npegaBa Ha HMaTeAoT Koj ru npe3eMa HeroBUTe npaBa h goAXHocTu. AoKoAKy HMaTeAoT Ha jaBeH apxHBcKH h goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA HeMa npaBeH HacAegHUK, jaBHuoT apxuBcKu MaTepujaA h jaBHuoT goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA Ha Koj He My H3MHHaA pokot Ha HyBaae ce npegaBa Ha ApxaBHuoT apxHB.
Pokot 3a npegaBaae Ha jaBHuoT apxuBcKu MaTepujaA He Moxe ga 6Hge nogoAr og 20 roguHu og HeroBoTo co3gaBaae.
8.4 AcneKTH Ha noce6HaTa 3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA
noce6HHTe MepKH 3a 3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKuoT h goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA ru ypegyBa BAagaTa Ha Peny6AHKa MaKeguHuja co ypeg6a 3a noce6Ha 3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA bo BoeHa h BoHpegHa cocToj6a.
CorAacHocT co 3aKoHoT 3a apxuBcKu MaTepujaA uMaTeAUTe Ha apxuBcKu h goKyMeHTapeH MaTepujaA ce 3agoAxeHH ga nAaHupaaT h cnpoBegyBaaT noce6HH MepKu 3a 3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA bo BoeHa h BoHpegHa cocToj6a, a co ypeg6aTa og BAagaTa noKoHKpeTHo ce nponumyBaaT noce6HHTe MepKu 3a 3amTHTa Ha MaTepujaAoT co3gageH bo pa6oTaTa Ha gpxaBHUTe opraHu, npeTnpujaTujaTa h gpyru npaBHu AH^a (uMaTeAu) bo ycAoBu Ha BoeHa h BoHpegHa cocToj6a.
Cnopeg ypeg6aTa uMaTeAUTe ce o6Bp3aHH ga npe3eMaaT ogpegeHu MepKu 3a noce6Ha 3amTHTa, KaKo mTo ce: eBaKya^Hja; HyBaae h 3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA og npBa KaTeropuja; ga ro gHCAo^HpaaT, HyBaaT h 3amTHTyBaaT apxuBcKuoT h goKyMeHTapHuoT MaTepujaA Koj e og onepaTUBHo 3HaHeae 3a HMaTeAoT bo BoeHa h BoHpegHa cocToj6a; ga BpmaT ^H3HHKo-TexHHHKa h 6e36egHocHa 3amTHTa Ha MaTepujaAoT Koj bo BoeHa h BoHpegHa cocToj6a ocTaHyBa bo MupHoBpeMeHCKUTe o6jeKTH Ha HMaTeAoT.
OcHoBeH ycAoB 3a ga ce npucTanu npaBUAHo koh cnpoBegyBaaeTo Ha noce6HHTe MepKu 3a
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHoCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA bo BoeHa h BoHpegHa cocToj6a e uMaTeAUTe pegoBHo h KBaAUTeTHo ga ru H3BpmyBaaT 3aKoHcKHTe o6bpckh bo MupHoBpeMeHcKu ycAoBu, ogHocHo TeKoBHo ga BpmaT og6Hpaae, eBugeHTupaae, KaTe^opH3a^Hja h 3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA.
Co ^eA ga ce o6e36egH noBucoK cTeneH Ha nAaHupaHocT h TajHocT, ypeg6aTa 3a noce6Ha 3amTHTa Ha apxHBcKuoT MaTepujaA bo BoeHa h BoHpegHa cocToj6a nponumyBa geKa op^aHH3a^HjaTa h HaHUHoT Ha cnpoBegyBaae Ha noce6HHTe MepKu 3a 3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepHjaA bo BoeHa cocToj6a ce yTBpgyBaaT co RAaHoT 3a og6paHa Ha uMaTeAoT, a bo BoHpegHa cocTojoa co gpyr onmT aKT Ha HMaTeAoT.
Co noce6HHTe MepKu 3a 3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA bo BoeHa h BoHpegHa cocToj6a paKoBogu ogroBopHoTo AH^e mTo paKoBogu co gpxaBHuoT opraH hah co npeTnpujaTueTo.
HMaTeAoT e goAxeH ga o6e36egH coogBeTeH HaMeHcKu npocTop 3a gHCAo^HpaHo ^h3hhko-TexHHHKo H 6e36egHocHo HyBaae h 3amTHTa Ha apxuBcKuoT MaTepujaA bo BoeHu h BoHpegHu ycAoBu, KaKo H coogBeTHa onpeMa h cpegcTBa 3a TpaHcnopT (apxuBcKu KyTuu, AUMeHu caHga^H, Kacu h ca.).
REFERENCE LIST
1.	Kupo Ao'hhhobckh (1996). Apxue Ha MaKedoHuja, CKonje
2.	ApxHB Ha MaKegoHuja (1997). ÄKmyeAHumesadanu Ha apxueume eo epeMemo Ha mpaH3u^uja, CKonje
3.	HBaH Aackcob (2001). Ap^aeeH apxue Ha PenyÖAUKaMaKedoHuja, CKonje
4.	3opaH TogopoBcKH (2011). 36opHUK Ha doKyMeHmu 1926-2011, CKonje
5.	3aKoH 3a apxuecKu MamepujaA (2012). Ca bcchhk Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja, 6p. 95/2012, CKonje
npaeuAHUK 3a HanuHom Ha Kopucmene Ha AUHHume docueja npe3eMeHu od MuHucmepcmeomo 3a eHampemHu ! u Ka3HeHo nonpaeHuom doM Hdpu3oeo (2013). Ap^aBCH apxuB Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja
7.	3aKoH 3a cAo6odeH npucman do uH^opMa^uume od jaeeH KapaKmep (2006). Ca. Bcchhk Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja, 6p. 13/2006 roguHa)
8.	3aKoH 3a 3ammuma Ha AunHume no^amo^u (2005). Ca. Bcchhk Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja 6p. 7/2005
9.	3aKoH 3a 3ammuma Ha KyAmypHomo HacAedcmeo (2004). Ca. bcchhk Ha Peny6AHKa MaKegoHuja, 6p.20/2004
summary
The creation of documents and archives is closely connected with the human everyday needs. Documents and archive material exist to confirm something, to announce some event, to dispute or to prove some truth, to order or to ask politely for some action to be executed, to confirm the birth of a new life, or to prove that something belongs only to us or that we have transferred something. In general, the life and actions of humans are unthinkable without documents and archive material. In accordance with the social, economic and political transition, the new role of the State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia is to be a citizens' public service institution and has to maintain a good level of transparency and accessibility. The use of the archive material in the State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia is regulated by the Law on archive material and other relevant acts of the Archives, as well as by the terms and conditions agreed upon between records owners and the Archives on the occasion of their reception. A huge influence to the terms of accessibility to the archive material at the State Archives has the Law on free access to public information; the Law on personal data protection and the Law on cultural heritage protection. All provisions established by these laws that concern the Archives have been implemented in the Law on archival material from 2012. Giving information, as one of the basic functions of the State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia and the assistance to the users of the archive material, has been established in the distant 1958. From those days up to date, it has been built up through the practice and through the implementation of world experiences in giving information and use of archive material and in its presentation and popularization. Today the Information Service at the State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia has a new structure: it unites the functions of giving information on the archive material; analysis of the data for the use of the material
Svetlana USPRCOVA: AocTanHoCT m 3amTMTa Ha apxMBCKMOT MaTepMjan bo Ap^aBHMOT apxMB Ha
Peny6nMKa MaKegoHuja, 163-175
and for scientific research in the Archives; educational guide through the funds and collections of the Archives; coordinator of the presentation of the material and so on. The Information Service has accepted the challenges from the transition period to meet the increased interest for scientific, expert and other types of research, based on archival materials. One of these challenges is the increased interest of the citizens for documents of legal real estate character, within the implementation of the Law on Denationalization. In such circumstances, the development of an Integrated Information System becomes imperative. The Information Service has an outstanding position in the relation between the Archives and the public and strives to eliminate certain prejudices present in the public about the archives as a closed type of institution. The attitude and the approach of the Service towards each individual or institution that request an access to certain documents is equal. The archive material can be used if the record group of interest for the users is in archival proper classified or processed condition. The Law on archive material in the Republic of Macedonia regulates the criteria for longer-term use of archival material. The basic aim is to protect the state interests, the private life of the citizens and their rights and freedoms. In Republic of Macedonia, the archival material as established by the Law is available to use after the time limit of 20 years after the creation of the material. For certain categories and types of documents that are subject to regulation on longer terms of use, different time limits are determined, and they range from 20 to 100 years after the creation. At the State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia, the reading rooms and libraries register around 1000 users per year. At the reading rooms, the users have at their disposal scientific finding aids, and the users have the possibility to get a microfilm, photocopy of a document, or a digital copy of the documents in which they are interested. In order to be as open as possible to the public the State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia organizes exhibitions, lectures, presentations on television and radio, and publishes articles in newspapers and various publications. Today, the State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia represent a modern institution, with the status of a national administrative organization, directly connected with the Government of the Republic of Macedonia, with an organized, continuous and scientifically and professionally founded activity for the collection, documentation, processing, protection and publishing of archival materials which are important for the History of Macedonia and the Macedonian people. In order to protect the archival material at the State Archives, the Archives perform the tasks connected with the reception and documentation, with the physical, microclimatic and secure storage and protection. The State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia also makes efforts in accordance with the Law on archival material to enhance the role of the archives and provide uniform operations methodology implementation among the holders. According to the Law on archive material, the holders are obliged to perform an overall protection of the documentary and archive material, starting from the actions for protection, keeping and maintenance in the original and safe condition, and creating conditions for the takeover by the Archive. The State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia through their authorized services performs an expert supervision and give assistance in the performance of the legal obligations of the holders. The special archive material protection is one part of the complex protection performed by the State Archives and at the holders of documentary and archive material. The contemporary political, economic and other changes contribute to the construction of a new concept of special protection that in an integral, uniform way and with a methodology procedure, defines the measures, procedures and activities of special protection in the Archives and at the holders of archive material. The determination of the factors of special protection is done based on worldwide accepted and verified criteria and factors that contribute to the efficient protection of the archive material in war and in extraordinary conditions.
Submitting date: 30.01.2014 Acceptance date: 07.02.2014