Upper Triassic flora from »Raibl beds« of Julian Alps (Italy) and
Karavanke Mts. (Slovenia)
Zgornjetriasna flora iz »rabeljskih plasti« Julijskih Alp (Italija) in Karavank
(Slovenija)
Inna A. DOBRUSKINA1, Bogdan JURKOVŠEK2 & Tea KOLAR-JURKOVŠEK2 1 The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Institute of Earth Sciences, Givat Ram,
Jerusalem 91904, Israel 2 Geološki zavod Slovenije, Dimičeva 14, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Key words: megaflora, Upper Triassic, »Raibl beds«, Julian Alps and Karavanke Mts paleontological collections
Ključne besede: makroflora, zgornji trias, »rabeljske plasti«, Julijske Alpe in Karavanke, paleontološke zbirke
Abstract
Fossil megaflora from Upper Triassic (Carnian) »Raibl beds« of Julian Alps in Italy which is kept in three paleontological collections in Vienna, is presented herein The majority of the specimens (40-70%) belongs to Voltzia. In the second part of the paper, new finds of fossil flora of »Raibl beds« from Karavanke Mts. in Slovenia are documented.
Kratka vsebina
Predstavljena je fosilna makroflora iz zgornjetriasnih (karnijskih) »rabeljskih plasti« Julijskih Alp v Italiji, ki je shranjena v treh dunajskih paleontoloških zbirkah. Večina primerkov (od 40 do 70 %) pripada rodu Voltzia. V drugem delu članka so obravnavane nove najdbe fosilne flore iz »rabeljskih plasti« Karavank v Sloveniji.
Introduction
In spite of the fact that various fossil flora had been collected during the last two centuries in the wider Raibl area (presently Cave del Predil, Italy), the occurences of the Triassic plant fossils in the Alps are less well known compared to those in the German Basin. In 1986 and 1987, I. A. Dobrus-kina visited three paleontological museums in Austria and had the possibility to study
their collections of fossil flora from Lunz and Raibl. She made inventory of the col-
lections and partial revision of previous determination. On the account of generosity of the Geological Survey of Austria (GBA) and the Natural History Museum in Vienna she obtained pictures of the majority of the specimens. The paper on the Lunz plants of the Northern Calcareous Alps has already been published (Dobruskina, 1998). In this paper, the flora of Raibl is presented, and some new findings of plant fossils from the Julian-Tuvalian »Raibl beds« of the Kara-vanke Mts. in Slovenia (Fig. 1) are added.
Lithostratigraphic division of Carnian
Fig. 1. Geographic sketch map of the localities with Upper Triassic fossil plants. SI. 1. Geografska skica nahajališč z zgornjetriasnimi fosilnimi rastlinami.
carbonate-clastic sequences of the western Julian Alps has been improved in its essence during the last few decades (Assereto et al. 1968, Lieberman, 1978, De Zan-che et al., 2000). The scant information available on the labels of the museum specimens, giving only the locality name of Raibl (only in a few cases locality »Rinngraben« is added), have proven to be insufficient to state precise position within the Raibl Group. It is most likely, though, that all the specimens originate from the Julian part of the terrigenous »Raibl beds«.
1. Raibl flora of Julian Alps in Italy
Rich collections of Raibl flora are kept in three museums in Vienna. There are 150 specimens from Raibl in Geologische Bundesanstalt Museum, more than 270 specimens in Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, and 246 specimens in Niederösterreichisches Landesmuseum.
The majority of the remains belongs to Voltzia (40-70%), long leaves of Desmio-phyllum type constitute approximately 20%, all kinds of fructifications 20%, sterile cycadophyta 12%, sphenopsida 5-7%, and ferns 5% of the collections.
In the explanations to photoplates (Plates I-XVI) we prefer to hold on to the determinations written on the museums' labels. It is because the revision of Raibl plants is still at a very early stage. The later relates especially to the genus Voltzia, to which the majority of Raibl conifers are attributed. This genus needs to be completely revised (Dobruskina, 1993).
The lists of Raibl plants that have been published by now are given in Fig. 2. A small part of the Raibl flora was described by Bronn (1858), Schenk (1864, 1865) (for the lists see also Suess & M o j s i s o -vics, 1867) and Arber (1907, 1909), while the only full list of determinations was presented by S t u r (1885).
Due to different names and developments
Bronn, 1858 Descriptions and figures	Schenk,1864 Descriptions and figures	Schenk, 1865 Descriptions And figures	Stur, 1885 Determinations only	Arber, 1907,1909 Revision with figures
(-)	Equisetites arenaceus	Calamités arenaceus	Equisetum arenaceum	(-)
Phylladelphia strigata	(-)	Calamités arenaceus	E. strigatum	(-)
(-)	(-)	Calamités raiblensis	(-)	(-)
(-)	(-)	(-)	Rhacopteris raiblensis	(-)
(-)	(-)	Neuropteris ruetimeyeri	Speirocarpus cf. ruetimeyeri	(-)
Taeniopteris marantacea	(-)	Taenioperis marantacea	Danaeopsis cf. marantacea	(-)
(-)	(-)	(-)	Clathropteris sp	(-)
Filices gen. indet.	Cyatheites pachyrhachis	Cyatheites pachyrhachis	Dioonites pachyrrhachis	(-)
Noeggerathia vogesiaca	(-)	(-)	Cycadites suessi	Zamites grandis
Pterophyllum minus	(->	Pterophyllum bronnii	Pterophyllum bronnii	Pterophyllum bronnii
(-)	(-)	P. giganteum	P. giganteum	Yuccites vogesiacus
Monokotiledonen	(-)	(-)	P. longifolium	(-)
undeterminable leaf	(-)	P. sandbergeri	P. sandbergeri	(-)
Voltzia heterophylla	Voltzia coburgensis	Voltzia coburgensis	Voltzia raiblensis	(-)
(-)	(-)	(-)	V. haueri	(-)
(-)	(-)	(-)	V. foetterlei	(-)
(-)	(-)	(-)	Cephalotaxites raiblensis	(-)
Zapfen Schuppe	(-)	Carpolithes	Carpolithes sp.	(-)
Chiropteris	(-)	(-)	(-)	(-)
Fig. 2. Lists of all Raibl plants published by 1909 (= by now) and the correlation between the determinations of different palaeobotanists.
SI. 2. Seznami vseh »rabeljskih« rastlin objavljenih do 1909 (= do sedaj) in primerjava determinacij
različnih paleobotanikov.
of Triassic strata in different paleogeo-graphic units, there are two comparisons of best studied beds with Triassic fossil flora of Northern and Southern Alps and German Basin (Figs. 3 and 4).
In the Figure 3, a position of the Raibl flora in the succession of the plant-bearing horizons in the Alps is shown.
In the Seefeld flora, the conifers form 90% of this flora. They belong to a single genus and maybe a single species related to Voltzia or Brachyphyllum (Dobruski-na , 1993).
In the Lunz flora, Equisetales and ferns dominate. Many cycadophytes, small quantities of conifers and ginkgophytes have also been indentified. The special feature of Raibl flora is the dominance of Voltzia remains.
For Lunz and Raibl plants, the full lists of determinations were presented by S t u r (1885) while the first inventory of the Lunz flora has been published recently (Dobru-
s k i n a , 1998). All the other papers contain descriptions of one genus or one group of Lunz plants. Raibl plants have not been revised since publications of Arber (1907, 1909).
The flora from the Cassian and the Wengen formations consists of a single finding of Williamsonia from Sankt Cassian (San Cassiano) (Krasser,1919) and of the Zoldo and Gardo floras in the Dolomites. The latter one includes only isolated pinnules of ferns, segments of cycadophytes, and leafy shoots and seeds of conifers (Leo-nardi, 1953).
From Recoaro, Prealpi Veneto an assemblage consisting mainly of conifers has been described (Zigno, 1862, Schenk, 1868, Selli, 1938).
From the Gailtal Alps two localities of Pleuromeia are known (Chair & T h i e -dig, 1973, Amerom et al., 1976). No other plant remains were found there except Pleuromeia.
Northern Alps
Southern Alps
RHAETIAN
T3 NORIAN
CARNIAN
LADINIAN
T2
ANISIAN
T1 SCYTHIAN
Sevatian Alaunian Lacian
SEEFELD
Tu valían Julian
Cordevolian
LUNZ "RAIBL"
Langobardian Fassanian
lllyrian Pelsonian Bithynian Aegean
RAIBL
SAN CASSIANO WENGEN
PRAGS RECOARO
GAILTAL ALPS
Fig. 3. Position of the Raibl flora in the succession of the plant-bearing horizons in the Alps. SI. 3. Položaj rabeljske flore v zaporedju horizontov z rastlinami v Alpah.
Lepidopteris flora	Rhaetkeuper	Rhaetian
Seefeld Fm	Norian
Scytophyllum flora	Semionotus Ss	Carnian
Lunz	Schilfsandstein
Raibl
San Cassiano
Zoldo and Gardo Lettenkohle	Ladinian
Voltzia-Pleuromeia flora Recoaro	Voltzia Ss	Anisian
Roet
Gailtal Alps	Solling	Olenekian
Hardegsen
Fig. 4. Correlation between the Triassic floras of the Alps and the German Basin (after Dobruskina, 1994).
SI. 4. Primerjava med triasnimi florami Alp in Germanskega bazena (po Dobruskini, 1994).
2. Upper Triassic plants from Karavanke Mts. in Slovenia
Many geological investigations dealing with the problematics of the »Raibl beds« have been conducted in the western part of the southern Karavanke Mts. in the last two decades (Jurkovšek, 1987a, 1987b, Ramovš, 1993, Krystyn et al., 1994, Lein et al., 1995, Budkovič, 1999, Ogorelec et al., 1999). The »Raibl beds« were treated within two tectonic units, i. e. Košuta/Koschuta unit and Klek/Hahnkogel unit, as they differ completely in their stratigraphy according to Lein and the Austrian geologists. Lein and co-workers (1995) placed a succession of some 500 m thick terrigenous Raibl beds to the Raibl Group. »Raibl beds« situated north of Mojstrana between the Belca valley and Jepca (1610 m) were placed into the Košuta nappe by Jurkovšek (1987a) and according to his opinion it belongs to the same unit as the Julian Alps nappe. Fossil flora was collected in the upper part of an 85 m thick »Raibl beds« succession below Jepca (Fig. 1). According to preliminary determinations of I. A. Dobruskina it consists of Yoltzia haueri Stur and Desmiophyllum sp. (Plate XVII). Examined samples yield the con-odont apparatus Nicoraella ? budaensis Kozur & Mock, sponge spicules, ostracods and holothurians, as well as frequent alga Clypeina besici Pantic and bivalves of the genus Posidonia (Kolar-Jurkovšek & Jurkovšek, 1999). Ammonoids occur rather rare. Well preserved fishes (Pelto-pleurus sp.) can be found next to the plants in marly limestone and marl. Ramovš (1993) stated the ammonoids Trachyceras aonoides or Austrotrachyceras austriacum from the lower part of the Julian-Tuvalian succession and he compared these beds with the »Beli potok« development of Julian Alps.
the possibility to study paleobotanical collections and for the help with taking photographs. Her special thanks to Dr. Harald Lobitzer (GBA) for his help in organizing her work in Vienna. This research was supported in part by a grant from the Slovenian Ministry of Education, Science and Sports to the Geological Survey of Slovenia (project Jl-0288-0215: Paleontology, Stratigraphy and Tectonics of Slovenia). Dr. Harald Lobitzer is gratefully acknowledged for his careful reviewing of the paper.
Acknowledgements
The first author (I. A. Dobruskina) is very grateful to the heads and staff of the Geologische Bundesanstalt, Naturhistorisches Museum and Niederösterreichisches Landesmuseum in Vienna for being given
Zgornjetriasna flora iz »rabeljskih plasti« Julijskih Alp (Italija) in Karavank (Slovenija)
Uvod
Najdbe triasnih fosilnih ostankov v Alpah so manj znane kot v Germanskem bazenu, čeprav je bilo predvsem na širšem prostoru Rablja (Cave del Predil / Raibl) v Italiji že v preteklih dveh stoletjih zbrano veliko fosilne flore (slika 1). V letih 1986 in 1987 je I. A. Dobruskina obiskala tri paleontološke muzeje na Dunaju v Avstriji in pregledala njihove zbirke triasne fosilne flore ter opravila delno revizijo prejšnjih determinacij. Zbirka rastlin iz lunških plasti Severnih Alp je bila že tiskana (Dobruskina, 1998). V tem članku predstavljamo rabeljsko floro, kateri dodajamo najnovejše najdbe fosilnih rastlin iz julsko-tuvalskih »rabeljskih plasti« Karavank (si. 1).
V zadnjih desetletjih je bila litostrati-grafska členitev karnijskih karbonatno-kla-stičnih plasti zahodnih Julijskih Alp bistveno izpopolnjena (As s er et o et al. 1968, Lieber man, 1978, De Zancheetal., 2000), vendar skromni podatki na spremnih listih muzejskih primerkov fosilnih rastlin, na katerih je zapisano le nahajališče Rabelj (samo v nekaj primerih je dodano tudi ime Rinngraben), ne zadoščajo za natančno opredelitev, v kateri od formacij rabeljske skupine so bili najdeni. Najverjetneje so vsi primerki iz julskega dela terigenih »rabeljskih plasti«.
1. Rabeljska flora Julijskih Alp v Italiji
Bogata zbirka rabeljske fosilne flore je shranjena v treh muzejih na Dunaju. V muzejski zbirki Geološkega zavoda (Geologische Bundesanstalt) je 150 primerkov, več kot 270 primerkov v Prirodoslovnem muzeju (Naturhistorisches Museum Wien) in 246 primerkov v Niederösterreichisches Landesmuseum.
Večina pripada rodu Voltzia (40-70%), dolgi listi tipa Desmiophyllum predstavljajo približno 20%, različne vrste fruktifikacij 20%, sterilni cikadofiti 12%, sfenopsidi 5-7 % in praproti 5 %.
Pri razlagah tabel fosilov (tab. I-XVI) je bolje zadržati determinacije kot so označene v muzejih, saj je revizija rabeljskih rastlin šele na začetku. Ta se nanaša predvsem na rod Voltzia, kamor prištevamo večino iglavcev iz Rablja. Ta rod je potrebno v celoti revidirati (Dobruskina, 1993).
Na sliki 2 so podani seznami doslej objavljenih rabeljskih rastlin.
Zaradi različnih imen in razvojev triasnih plasti v različnih paleogeografskih enotah sta prikazani tudi dve primerjavi najbolje raziskanih plasti s triasno fosilno floro Severnih in Južnih Alp ter Germanskega bazena (si. 3 in 4).
2. Zgornjetriasne rastline iz Karavank v Sloveniji
V osemdesetih in devetdesetih letih preteklega stoletja je bilo na ozemlju zahodnega dela južnih Karavank opravljenih več geoloških raziskav, ki so posegale tudi na problematiko »rabeljskih plasti« (Jurkovšek 1987a, 1987b, Ramovš 1993, Krys-tyn et al. 1994, Le in et al. 1995, Bud-kovič 1999, Ogorelec et al. 1999). Avtorji so jih obravnavali v okviru dveh tektonskih enot in sicer Košutinega nariva in enote Klek (Hahnkogel unit). Triasne plasti obeh enot se po mnenju Leina in avstrijskih geologov med seboj bistveno razlikujejo. L e i n in sodelavci (1995) v rabeljsko skupino (Raibl-Gruppe) uvrščajo okoli 500 m debelo zaporedje terigenih rabeljskih plasti (terrigene Raibler Schichten). »Rabeljske plasti« severno od Mojstrane, med povirjem Belce in Jepco (1610 m) Jurkovšek (1987a) uvršča v Košutin nariv, ki ga smatra za isto narivno enoto kot nariv Julijskih Alp. V zgornjih 85 m profila »rabeljskih plasti« pod Jepco (si. 1) je bila najdena tudi obravnavana fosilna flora, v kateri so bili določeni primerki Voltzia haueri Stur in Desmiophyllum sp. (tab. XVII). V raziskanih vzorcih profila so poleg konodontnega aparata Nicoraella ? budaensis Kozur & Mock prisotne spikule spongij, ostrakodi in holoturije, razmeroma pogostna je alga Clypeina besici Pantič in školjke rodu Posidonia (Kolar-Jurkovšek & J u r -k o v š e k 1999). Amoniti so redki. V lapor-natem apnencu in laporju so bile poleg rast-
lin najdene tudi lepo ohranjene ribe (.Peltopleurus sp.). Ramovš (1993) iz spodnjega dela opisanega julsko-tuvalskega zaporedja plasti omenja amonite Trachyceras aonoides ali Austrotrachyceras austriacum, plasti pa primerja z »belopotoškim« razvojem Julijskih Alp.
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PLATES - TABLE
Plates / Table I - XIV
»Raibl beds«, Upper Triassic, Julian Alps, Italy
All specimens are stored in Geologische Bundesanstalt (GBA), Vienna »Rabeljske plasti«, zgornji trias, Julijske Alpe, Italija Vsi primerki so shranjeni na Geološkem zavodu, Dunaj
Plates / Table XV - XVI
»Raibl beds«, Upper Triassic, Julian Alps, Italy
All specimens are stored in Naturhistorisches Museum Wien
»Rabeljske plasti«, zgornji trias, Julijske Alpe, Italija
Vsi primerki so shranjeni v Prirodoslovnem muzeju, Dunaj
Plate / Table XVII
»Raibl beds«, Upper Triassic, Karavanke Mts., Slovenia
All specimens are stored in the Jurkovšek Paleontological Collection, Dol pri Ljubljani »Rabeljske plasti«, zgornji trias, Karavanke, Slovenija
Vsi primerki so shranjeni v Paleontološki zbirki Jurkovšek, Dol pri Ljubljani
Plate I - Tabla I
1 - Cephalotaxites raiblensis Stur: 1986/2/63, x0.5
2,3- Voltzia heterophylla Brongn.: 2 - 1986/2/4, x0.5; 3 - 1986/2/6; xl
4,5,6- Voltzia raiblensis Stur: 4 - 1986/2/68, x0.5; 5 - 1986/2/65; x0.5; 6 - 1986/2/69; x0.5.
Plate II - Tabla II
Voltzia raiblensis Stur: 1 - 1986/2/?, xl; 2 - 1986/2/60, xl; 3 - 1986/2/9, x0.5; 4 - 1986/2/8, x0.5; 5 ■ 1986/2/4, x0.5
Plate III - Tabla III
1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10 - Voltzia haueri Stur: 1 - 1986/2/1, x0.5; 2 - 1986/2/31, x0.5; 3 - 1986/2/32 xO 5- 5 -1986/2/35, xl; 6- 1986/2/33, xl; S - 1986/2/34, xl; 20 - 1986/2/33, xl
4 - Voltzia pachyphylla Schimper: 1986/2/139, x0.5
7 - Voltzia sp. Stur: 1986/2/30, xl
9 - Voltzia foetterlei Stur: 1986/2/?, xl
Plate IV - Tabla IV
1, 2, 3, 4, 6,7 - Voltzia foetterlei Stur: 1 - 1986/2/?, xl; 2 - 1986/2/42, x0.5; 3 - 1986/2/49 xl- 4 -1986/2/10, xl; 6- 1986/2/57, xl; 7- 1986/2/50, xl	'
5 - conifer cone, 1986/2/46, x2
Plate V - Tabla V
fi 2\l'A'nn7°liZia haueri Stur: 1 ' 1986/2/22' xl; 2 - 1986/2/31, xl; 3 - 1986/2/32, xl; 4 - 1986/2/?, xl;
O - iy«D/Z/ i-L, XU.3
5 - Voltzia sp., 1986/2/92, xl
Plate VI - Tabla VI
1, 2, 3, 5, 6,7,8- Voltzia haueri Stur: 1 - 1986/2/36, xl; 2 - 1986/2/22, xl; 3 - 1986/2/79 xl-5 - 1986/2/47, xl; 6 - 1986/2/94, xl; 7 - 1986/2/7, xl; 8 -1986/2/37, xl
4 - conifer cone: 1986/2/48, xl
Plate VII - Tabla VII
1-6 - Voltzia haueri Stur: 1 - 1986/2/?, x0.5; 2 - 1986/2/3, x0.5; 3 - 1986/2/5, x0.5; 4 - 1986/2/55, xl; 5 - 1986/2/103, xl; 6 - 1986/2/55, xl
Plate VIII - Tabla VIII
1-7 - Voltzia foetterlei Stur: 1 - 1986/2/24, xl; 2 - 1986/2/24, x0.5; 3 - 1986/2/12, x0.5; 4 - 1986/2/40, x0.5; 5 - 1986/2/113, xl; 6 - 1986/2/59, xl; 7 - 1986/2/25, x0.5
Plate IX - Tabla IX
1,3,6- Pterophyllum filicoides (Schloth.) Thomas: 1 - 1986/2/?, xl; 3 - 1986/2/38, xl; 6 - 1986/2/?, xO.5 2 - Pterophyllum longifolium Brongn.: 1986/2/14, x0.5
4 5 7 8 9 10 14 - Pterophyllum bronnii Schenk: 4 - 1986/2/52, xl; 5 - 1986/2/3, xl; 7 - 1986/2/113, xl; 8- 1986/2/117, xl; 9 - 1986/2/114, xl; 10 - 1986/2/131, xl; 14 - 1986/2/108, xl
11	- Pterophyllum ? sp.: 1986/2/43, xl
12	- Pterophyllum ? sp.: 1986/2/46, xl
13	- Pterophyllum ?sp.: 1986/2/38, xl
Plate X - Tabla X
1, 2 - Dioonites pachyrhachis Schenk: 1 - 1986/2/56, xl; 2 - 1986/2/122, xl
3-11 - Equisetites strigatus Brongn.: 3 - 1986/2/101, xl; 4 - 1986/2/98, xl; 5 - 1986/2/149, xl; 6 - 1986/2/119, xl; 7 - 1986/2/135, xl; 8 - 1986/2/100, xl; 9 - 1986/2/111, xl; 10 - 1986/2/145, xl; 11 - 1986/2/120, xl
Plate XI - Tabla XI
1-12 - Desmiophullum sp. (compare with Yuccites and Glossophyllum): 1 - 1986/2/140, xl; 2 - 1986/2/?, xl; 3 - 1986/2/126, xl; 4 - 1986/2/125, xl; 5 - 1986/2/25, x0.5; 6 - 1986/2/123, x0.5; 7 - 1986/2/124, xl; 8 - 1986/2/128, xl; 9 - 1986/2/134, x0.5; 10 - 1986/2/28, x0,6; 11 - 1986/2/44, xl; 12 - 1986/2/37, xl; 13 - 1986/2/?, xl
Plate XII - Tabla XII
1,3,8- Podozamites ? sp.: 1 - 1986/2/33, xl; 3 - 1986/2/12Y, xl; 8 -1986/2/?, xl
2 4 5 6,7,9 - Yuccites? sp.: 1 - 1986/2/22, xl; 4 - 1986/3/130, x0.5; 5 - 1986/3/131, x0.5; 6 - 1986/3/129, xl; 7 - 1986/2/?, xl; 9 - 1986/2/136, xl
Plate XIII - Tabla XIII
1, 5,6,8- Desmiophyllum sp.: 1 - 1986/2/46, xl; 5 - 1986/2/91, xl; 6 - 1986/2/?, xl; 8 - 1986/2/88, xl 2,3,9- Fucoides: 2 - 1986/2/71, xl; 3 - 1986/2/148, xl; 9 - 1986/2/147, xl 4, 7 - Equisetites sp.: 4 - 1986/2/86, xl; 7 - 1986/2/69, xl
Plate XIV - Plate XIV
1-27 - Fructifications and scales: 1 - 1986/2/82, xl; 2 - 1986/2/52, xl; 3 - 1986/2/26, xl; 4 - 1986/2/26, xl; 5 - 1986/2/62, xl; 6 - 1986/2/81, xl; 7 - 1986/2/40, xl; 8 - 1986/2/15, xl; 9 - 1986/2/87, xl; 10 - 1986/2/8, xl; 11 - 1986/2/104, xl; 12 - 1986/2/60, xl; 13 - 1986/2/14, xl,l; 14 - 1986/2/47, xl; 15 - 1986/2/138, xl; 16 - 1986/2/66, xl; 17 - 1986/2/31, xl; 18 - 1986/2/83, xl; 19 - 1986/2/53, xl; 20 - 1986/2/27, xl; 21 - 1986/2/A2, xl; 22 - 1986/2/?, xl; 23 - 1986/2/28, xl; 24 - 1986/2/32, xl; 25 - 1986/2/29, xl; 26 - 1986/2/74, xl; 27 - 1986/2/65. xl
Plate XV - Tabla XV
1,2,3- Voltzia haueri Stur: 1 - c.3.14, xl; 2 - 1887.IX-21, xl; 3 - 1887.IX-20, xl 4, 6 - Voltzia heterophylla Brongn.: 4 - 1928, 23.1895, xl; 6 - 1928, 23.1895, xl 5 - Voltzia sp.: C3.15.1887.IX.33, xl
Plate XVI - Tabla XVI
1, 3 - cones of Voltzia sp.: 1 - 1887.IX.34, xl; 3 - 1887.IX.34, xl 2 - Aphlebia: 1887.IX.43, xl
4, 5 - Voltzia foetterlei Stur?: 4 - 8017.1879, xl; 5 - 1887.IX.14, xl 6,7 - Voltzia sp.
Plate XVII - Tabla XVII
1 - Desmiophyllum sp. (compare with Glossophyllum): BJ 1416, xl 2,3,5- Voltzia haueri Stur: 2 - BJ 1852, xl; 3 - BJ 2374, xl; 5 - BJ 1426, xl 4 - Voltzia haueri Stur ?: BJ 1958, xl 6 - Indeterminate specimen: BJ 1989, x5