407
UDK 81'366.561
Enena 3aKupoena Kupeeea
Lev Tolstoy Tula State Pedagogical University
L89107032507@yandex.ru
nPATMATHHECKHE ACnEKTbl CEMAHTHKH nEPBOrO H^A (HA MATEPHAHE PErHOHAHbHOrO 3AKOHOAATEnbCTBA)
CTaTba nocBa^eHa paccMOTpeHuro npamaTHHecKHX acneKTOB ceMaHmKK 1-ro nu^: ^yHKUHOHHpoBaHHro cpegcTB BtipaxeHua u pe^epeHTHon cooTHeceHHocm. HcxogHaa npegnoctinKa coctoht b tom, hto aBTop o^HunantHoro goKyMeHTa npaMO npoaBnaeT ce6a b TeKCTe. B aBTope goKyMeHTa nepcoHH^HunpyeTca opraH BnacTu unu ero npegcTaBuTenb (npegcTaBHTenn), a He TexHHHecKHe HcnonHHTenH - hhhobhhkh. MarepuanoM nocnyrnnu o^^m^^ie goKyMeHTti - HopMamBHO-npaBOBtie aKTti, ^opMupyromue peraoHanbHoe 3aK0H0gaTentCTB0.
KaroqeBwe caoBa: aBTop 0$H^HanLH0^0 goKyMeHTa, KaTeropua nu^, MecTOHMeHHe.
The article focuses on the pragmatic aspects of first-person semantics, i.e., on functioning of linguistic expressions and reference correlation. The research is based on the premise that the author of an official document manifests him- or herself in the text, i.e., s/he personifies an authority or its representative(s) rather than its executives— civil servants. The research material consists of official documents—statutory and regulatory acts from regional legislation.
Keywords: author of official document, grammatical person, pronoun
B nuTepaType npuHaTO cnuTaTb, hto xapaKTepHOH HepTOH o$uuuanbHO-geno-Boro cTuna aBnaeTca HenuHHocraocTb u3no®eHua (Ko^HHa 2006: 275). OgHaKO aHanu3 goKy MeHTOB no3BonaeT yTBep^garb, hto aBTop o^uuuanbHoro goKyMeHTa npaMO npoaBnaeT ce6a b onpegeneHHbix KOHTeKcTax. nog aBTopoM goKyMeHTa b cTaTbe noHHMaeTca co6upaTenbHbra o6pa3 co3garena TeKcTa. B HeM nepcoHH^u-uupyeTca couuanbHbra HHcTHTyT rocygapcTBa: ^TO opraH BnacTH unu ero npeg-cTaBHTenb (npegcTaBuTenu), a He TexHuHecKue ucnonHuTenu - huhobhuku. ^nbro cTaTbu aBnaeTca paccMOTpeHue nparMaruHecKux acneKTOB ceMaHTuKu 1-ro nuua: ^yHKuuoHupoBaHue cpegcTB Bbipa^eHua u pe^epenraaa cooTHeceHHocTb.
B pa6oTe paccMarpuBaeTca rpaMMaTuHecKaa Kareropua nuua (BuHorpagoB 1975: 269). O6ieKTOM u3yHeHua aBnaroTca MecTouMeHua 1-ro nuua KaK 3aMecTu-Tenu uMeHu (Bloomfield 1933; Botha Knight 2009) u nuHHbie rnaronbHbie $opMbi u3iaBuTenbHoro HaKnoHeHua, c kotopmmu ohu cuHTarMaruHecKu coeguHaroTca; uh^uhutub c uMnepaTuBHHM 3HaneHueM u uMnepaTuB. AHanu3upyroTca TaK^e neKcunecKue cpegcTBa KaK pe3ynbTaT TpaHcno3uuuu, Korga ynacrauKu KOMMy-HuKauuu yKa3aHH He npu noMomu npaMbix o6o3HaHeHun (t.e. mectohmehhh 1-ro
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n^A; ByntirHHA, Ome^eb 1997: 328).
MarepuanoM uccnegoBaHua nocny^unu TeKcTbi nog3aKoHHbix HopMaTuB-Ho-npaBoBHx aKToB (ganee - HnA), ^opMupyromue peruoHanbHoe 3aKoHogaTenb-CTBo. PaccMaTpuBaroTca Bce KoMnoHeHTbi cTpyKTypbi HnA, b tom nucne npuno-®eHua.
KaK KaTeropua-mu^Tep «nu^ xapaKTepu3yeT ynacrauKoB coo6maeMoro $aKTa no oraomeHuro k ynacrauKaM $aKTa coo6meHua» (3ko6coh 1972: 100). Ka-Teropua nu^ no caMon cBoen cyTu uMeeT npeuMymecTBeHHo nparMaTunecKun xapaKTep (Dik 1978; nagyneBa 1996: 37), nocKonbKy «... yKa3aTenu n u mu ... cymecTByroT numb KaK 3HaKu, aKTyanroupyeMbie b eguHoBpeMeHHbix peneBbix aKTax, rge ohu Ka^gbiM u3 aKToB cBoero noaBneHua oTMenaroT npo^cc npucBo-eHua a3HKa roBopamuM» (BeHBeHucT 2002: 289). A.B. BoHgapKo, paccMaTpuBaa $yH^uu KaTeropuu nu^ (BoHgapKo 1991: 7), BbinneHaeT b nucne nponux ceMaH-TuKo-nparMaTunecKue, cBa3aHHbie c nepeganen tohku 3peHua roBopamero Ha co-oTHomeHue o6o3HanaeMon cuTya^uu u cuTya^uu penu.
^nb 3aKoHogaTenbcTBa 3aKnronaeTca b onepaTuBHoM perynupoBaHuu o6me-cTBeHHHx oraomeHun. Co3gaBaa goKyMeHT, aBTop opueHTupyeTca Ha KaHoHune-cKyro peneByro cuTya^uro (nAgyqEBA 1996: 259), KoTopaa ^poe^upyeTca Ha nucb-MeHHyro penb. ^oKyMeHTHHH TeKcT, aBnaacb, KaK u xygo^ecTBeHHbin, «BTopun-hoh Mogenupyromen cucTeMon», oTnunaeTca ot Hero TeM, hto roBopamun b HeM - ^TO Bcerga aBTop, a He o6pa3 aBTopa. Abtop goKyMeHTa ycnoBHo aBnaeTca «TeM npocTpaHcTBeHHo-BpeMeHHHM opueHTupoM, kotophh Heo6xoguM gna ocymecT-BneHua genKTunecKon pe$epeH^uu» (nAgyqEBA 1996: 201).
0 ©opMa 1-ro .n^a eg.HHC^a
,3,na BHpa^eHua HenoBTopuMon cy6ieKTuBHocTu roBopamero a3HK co3gan «eguHHH, ho Mo6unbHHH 3HaK n, kotophh ... cBa3aH c a3HKoM b npo^cce ero ucnonb3oBaHua u yTBep^gaeT roBopamero uMeHHo KaK roBopamero» (Behbehhct 2002: 288). H, nog kotophm noHuMaeTca $opMa 1-ro nu^ eg.H., ucnonb3yeTca gna ugeHTu$uKa^uu rnaBHoro ynacrauKa peneBoro aKTa - aBTopa 0$u^uanbH0^0 goKyMeHTa. «CeMaHTunecKaa yHuKanbHocTb 1-ro nu^ cpegu nponux nu^ rnaronb-hoh ceMaHTuKu o6Hapy®uBaeTca b nep^opMaraBHbix KoHTeKcTax» (ÏÏAgyqEBA 1985: 136).
Bcneg 3a A. B. BoHgapKo, b pa6oTe ucnonb3yeTca npegcTaBneHue nparnaru-necKoro oTTeHKa coneTaHueM MecTouMeHua u npunaraTenbHoro. OcHoBaHueM gna nparMaTunecKon xapaKTepucTuKu nocny^un yneT ponu aBTopa goKyMeHTa u ero agpecaTa b ycnoBuax pa3HHx peneBbix aKToB (ganee - PA).
fl-o$u^anbHoe MHoronuKo u 3aBucuT ot a) ®aHpa goKyMeHTa, 6) cTaryca kom-MyHuKaHToB, b) KoMMy HuKaTuBHHx 3agan:
1) fl-pe^ympyw^.ee (3aKonodamenbHoe) peanu3yeTca b TeKcTax HnA, npuHu-MaeMHx Ha ocHoBe eguHoHananua: yKa3 I nocTaHoBneHue (go 2013 r.) u pacnopa^e -Hue ry6epHaropa, nocTaHoBneHue rnaBHoro caHuTapHoro Bpana, npuKa3 MuHucTpa u gp. 3HaneHue nu^ Bbipa^aeTca:
Enern 3aKupoBHa KupeeBa, npamaraHecKHe acneKTti ceMaHTHKH nepBoro wu,a
409
а)	nep^opMaTHBHbiM rnaronoM: nocmaHoemm, npuKa3ueam, npe^na^am, o6x3u-eam b BbicKa3biBaHuax, nocpegcTBoM kotopmx ocymecTBnaeTca gupeKTHBHbiH PA:
B ^nxx noo^peuuM apandan, enecmux 3HauumenbHuü eKnaó e C0^uanbH0-^K0H0Mu^ecK0e u Kynbmypmepa3eumue TynbCKOü o6nacmu <... > nocmaHoenurn: 1. Ymeepóumb nonoweHue o nouemHoü apaMome 3y6epHamopa TynbcKoü o6nacmu (npunoweme) (06 yTBepxgeHHH nonoxeHua o noHeTHoñ rpaMOTe ry6epHaTopa TyntcKoñ o6nacTu: 10.01.2013).
б)	HMn^^HTHO, nocpegcTBOM HHT0Ha^HH b pacnopa^eHuax. CTpyKTypHO ^TO ogHococTaBHbie npegno^eHua c He3aMe^eHH0H ^03H^HeH
nogne^a^ero, T.e. 3HaneHue nu^ MecTOHMeHHeM He gy6nupyeTca. noneMy? B pyccKoM a3bme ynoTpe6neHue nuHHoro MecTouMeHua npu rnarone aBnaeTca flHTeparypH0H HopMon, b oraunue ot MHorux cnaBaHcKux a3biK0B (Hopmah 2009: 55). C tohkh 3peHua rpaMMaTHKH ynoTpe6neHue ahhhoh rnar0nbH0H ^opMbi 1-ro unu 2-ro nu^ c gon^Hoñ acHocTbro nepegaeT 3HaneHue nu^: «b jhhhhx $opMax rnarona HenocpegcTBeHHo, HarnagHo, Mop^onoruHecKu Bbipa^eHbi ... rpaMMaTHnecKHe KaTeropuu nu^, BpeMeHH u MoganbHocTu...» (BuHorPAgoB 1975: 266). TaKHM o6pa3oM, ^^0^eHTpHHH0CTb BbicKa3biBaHua o6"bacHaeTca rpaMMaTHnecKH. OgHaKo HH^e b pa6oTe npuBegeHbi npuMepbi, b kotopmx rpynna nogne^a^ero MaKcuManbHo pacmupeHa. He3aMemeHHaa ^03H^Ha nogne^a^ero b npuBegeHH0M npuMepe o6"bacHaeTca nparnaTHHecKu: aBTop pacnopaguTenbHoro goKyMeHTa HageneH BnacTHbiMH n0flH0M0HuaMu; gupeKTHBHaa $yH^ua BMcKa3MBaHHa u HHcxoga^HH xapaKTep K0MMyHHKa^HH noacHaMT, noneMy oh He BHgHT Heo6xogHMocTH b caMO^pe3eHTa^HH. CnegyeT oTMeTHTb, hto HgeHTH$HKa^HH aBTopa goKyMeHTa cny^aT TaKue peKBH3HTbi ^opMynapa, KaK HaHMeHoBaHHe opraHa BnacTH, nognucb ero npegcTaBHTena, Bug goKyMeHTa u gp.
2)	H-omnumueam^eecx. Pe$epeHT0M ^T0^0 x aBnaeTca gon^Hocraoe nu^o, BbmonHaromee cboh o6a3aHHocTu b paMKax cny®e6Hbix n0AH0M0HHH: npegcTaBHTe^b opraHa ucn0flHHTenbH0H BnacTH (HanpuMep, 3aMecTUTenb npegcegaTena ropogcKon flyMM) unu MecTHoro caMoynpaBneHua (HanpuMep, raaBa MyHH^H^aflbH0^0 o6pa3oBaHua): B omnemHoM nepuode x npuHUMan yuacmue npaKmmecKu eo ecex sacedaHuxx komuccuu, npu Heo6xoduMocmu npoeoduM sacedaHux, Koopdmupoean dexmenbHocmb nneHoe komuccuu u o6ecnenuean 0p^aHU3a^U0HH0e pyKoeodcmeo (üt^et, 2012). 3HaneHue nu^ Bbipa^aeTca MecTouMeHueM - «cn0B0M^r0^HTpuK0M, KoTopoe cogep^HT oTcbimy k roBopameMy» (nAgyqEBA 1985: 200), b TeKcTax goKy MeHT0B oTneraoro xapaKTepa. ^TH TeKcTbi cocToaT u3 gecKpunTHBHbix BbicKa3biBaHHH, peanroyromux penpe3eHTaTHBHyM $yH^uK>, ^nb kotopmx - 3a$uKcupoBaTb oTBeTcTBeHHocTb roBopamero 3a coo6meHue o HeKoTopoM nono^eHuu gen. Abtop goKyMeHTa HMeeT nognuHeHHMH cTaTyc: oh oTHHTMBaeTca o cBoen pa6oTe nepeg opraHoM, npegcTaBHTeneM u pyK0B0guTeneM KoToporo aBnaeTca.
3)	fl-3aeucuMoe TaK^e HMeeT hh3khh K0MMyHUKaTHBHbiH cTaTyc. 3aK0H0gaTenb perynupyeT ^po^ecc B3aHMogeñcTBua rpa^gaH u opraHoB BnacTH
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c noMo^bro pa3Hbix MexaHu3MoB, B tom nuc^e nyTeM co3gaHua $opM goKyMeHToB
-	Tpa^apeTHbix TeKCToB c n0cT0aHH0H u nepeMeHHon uH$opMa^ueH. KaK CTpyKTypHHH ^fleMeHT HnA ^opMbi goKyMeHToB BK^roweHbi b npu^o^eHua u aB^aroTca ero HeoTteM^eMoñ nacTbro. Ohu npeg^araroTca 3auHTepecoBaHHbiM ïïu^m g^a 3anomeHua nyTeM BHeceHua cBegeHun b nepeMeHHyro nacTb TeKcTa, T.e. uH$opMa^ua b hux aKTya^roupyetca npu Heo6xoguMocTu. 3anomeHHaa $opMa npuo6peTaeT cTaTyc uH$0pMa^u0HH0-c^paB0HH0^0 goKyMeHTa. B^arogapa ucn0^b30BaHuro $opM K0MMyHUKa^ua, K0T0paa b gaHH0M c^ynae uMeeT Bocxoga^uñ xapaKTep, npuHuMaeT ynopagoneHHbiH Bug u cTaH0BuTca peraaMeHTup0BaHH0H. TaKuM 06pa30M, $opMa^bHo aBTopoM goKyMeHTa
-	pe$epeHT0M n-3aeucuMo^o - aB^aeTca rpa^gaHuH ($u3unecKoe I
uHguBugya^bHHH npegnpuHuMaTewropuguneckoe ^u^o, K0T0pbie BcTynaroT b KaKue-^u6o npaB00TH0meHua c opraHaMu rocygapcTBeHHon B^acra u^u Mecraoro caMoynpaB^eHua: ohu nognucbiBaroT goKyMeHT, ux gaHHbie BK^roneHbi b cocTaB peKBu3uTa «abtop goKyMeHTa» b (^opMy^ape. ®aKTunecKu ®e TeKcT cocTaB^aeTca 3aK0H0gaTe^eM. OnocpegoBaHHbrä xapaKTep K0MMyHUKa^uu Bbipa^aeTca b tom, HT0 b npo^cce co3gaHua ^opMbi aBTopoM aB^aeTca pa3pa6oTHuK goKyMeHTa, u xsaeucuMoe ^0TeH^uaïïbH0. B npo^cce npuMeHeHua aBTopoM aB^aeTca nu^, 3ano^Haromee $opMy, u HsaeucuMoe uMeeT K0HKpeTH0r0 pe^epeHTa.
O6^aa uHTeH^uoHaflbHaa HanpaB^eHHocTb TeKcT0B gaeT npegcTaB^eHue o tom, KaKuM BuguT 3aK0H0gaTe^b HsaeucuMoe. Ha6op ero geñcTBuñ cTporo peraaMeHTupoBaH: oh Mo^eT npocuTb, go^^eH 0THuTbiBaTbca u^u uH$opMupoBaTb o $aKTax, HenocpegcTBeHHo k HeMy oraoca^uxca (HanpuMep, gaBaTb coraacue Ha o6pa6oTKy nepcoHa^bHbix gaHHbix u^u coo6^aTb cBegeHua o goxogax).
TeKcTTaKux$0pMg0KyMeHT0B0praHu3yeTcaBHcKa3HBaHuaMu,pea^u3yromuMu u^^oKyTuBHHe $yH^uu npocb6bi, coraacua, c^e^uaïïU3up0BaHH0^0 coo6^eHua nocpegcTB0M nep^opMaTuBHbix raaro^oB: npomy b npocb6ax, eupawam co^nacue, co^nacen b PA coraacua, cooó^am ceedenun, yeedoMmw b PA c^e^uaflU3up0BaHH0^0 coo6^eHua b 3aaB^eHuax, cnpaBKax, yBegoM^eHuax.
CTpyKTypHo ^T0 gBycocTaBHbie npeg^o^eHua c nog^e^a^uM H, 06a3aTe^bH0 gono^HeHHHM npuœmeHuaMu. 3HaneHue ^u^ gy6^upyeTca raaro^oM u MecTouMeHueM; 6o^ee Toro, rpynna nog^e^a^ero MaKcuMa^bHo pacmupeHa yTOHHaro^uMu H^eHaMu: npuœmeHuaMu, HecoraacoBaHHbiMu onpege^eHuaMu, npunacTHbiM 060p0T0M, HanpuMep: Ä, 0.KO., nacnopm cepuu _, M _ ,
3ape^ucmpupoeannuú no adpecy__, npowueam^uü no adpecy _ ($u3uuecKoe
m^); u^u: H, 0.KO., donwnocmb, deücmeym^uü na ocnoeanuu (go^^Hocraoe ^T0 uH$opMa^ua o nepcoHa^bHbix gaHHbix aBTopa: ®.H.O, nacnopTHbie gaHHbie, agpec MecTa ^uTe^bcTBa, MecTo pa6oTbi, go^^HocTb (K0M6uHa^ua MeHaeTca b 3aBucuMocTu ot ^ot goKyMeHTa). HH$opMa^ua aB^aeTca Heo6xoguMon u gocTaT0HH0H g^a ^.nen goKyMeHTa u c^y^uT «ugeHTu$uKaTopoM» pe^epenra.
PacmupeHue rpynnbi nog^e^a^ero o6iacHaeTca nparnaTunecKuMu npunuHaMu. HsaeucuMoe uMeeT hu3kuh K0MMyHuKaTuBHHH cTaTyc, Begb ero K0MMyHuKaTuBHaa 3agana penpe3eHTupyeTca u^0KyTuBH0H ^yH^ueñ npocb6H, coraacua, coo6^eHua. HsaeucuMoe ^0TeH^uaflbH0 Ha ^Ta^e co3gaHua
Enern 3aKupoBHa KupeeBa, npamaraHecKHe acneKTti ceMaHTHKH nepBoro wu,a
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npoeKTa goKyMeHTa. AKTya^ronpyacb, oho Hy^gaeTca b yT0HHeHHH. Pe(epeHT M-3aeucuMo^o - oguH H3 0TKpHT0r0 MHo^ecTBa ïïh^ ^0^T0My geTaïïH3a^Ha HMeHHon rpynnbi 06yc^0B^eHa Tpe6oBaHueM co6^K>geHHa MaKcHMbi Ko^nnecTBa: «roBopn HacTo^bKo HH(opMaTHBH0, HacKo^bKo ^TO Tpe6yeTca b gaHHon CHTya^HH».
1 ©opMa 1-ro .^a MH. HHC^a
Mbi-o$^uanbHoe MHoro^HKo.
1)	Mbi-3aKoHodamenbHoe b nep(opMaTHBHbix KoHTeKCTax penpe3eHrapyeTca neKCHHecKon H0MHHa^HeH.
B onpege^eHHHx C0^HaïïbH0-KyïïbTypHbIx yc^oBHax, b tocthocth b HeK0T0pbix pHTya^H3HpoBaHHHx aKTax, cymecTByeT 3anpeT Ha pe(epeH^Hro k caMoMy ce6e (BoHflAPKo 1991: 328). B o(^na^bHbix goKyMeHTax TpaHcno3^na - mup0K0 pacnpocTpaHeHHHH npueM.
B KoHCTaTHpyM^en nacra pacnopagHTe^bHbix goKyMeHToB, rogaBaeMbix Ha yc^oBHax Ko^nerna^bHocTH (nocTaHoB^eHHe, pemeHue, yKa3aHue, pacnopa^eHHe), mu 3aMeHaeTca Ha cocTaBHyM HOMHHa^HM co 3HaneHHeM 'Ha3BaHue npuHaBmero opraHaB^acTH'. ,3,HpeKTHBHbfflnep(opMaraBynoTpe6^aeTcaB (opMe 3 -ro ^^a eg.H. : TynbcKan oônacmHan ffyMa nocmaHoennem. r^y6HHHaa CTpyKTypa npeg^o^eHHa cœgyromaa: Mu, denymamu TynbcKoü oónacmHoü ffyMU, nocmaHoenneM. EMKocTb h naKoHHHHocTb K0HcTpy^HH n03B0^aeT no^yHHTb neTKoe npegcTaB^eHHe o6 aBTope goKyMeHTa h npugaTb o6ieKTHBHocTb BbicKa3biBaHHK>. -HeKcnnecKaa HOMHHa^Ha KaK o6o3HaneHHe aBTopa Mo^eT 6biTb npegcTaB^eHa He to^ko b gnpeKTHBax, ho h b H^oKyraBHbix aKTax «c^e^Ha^H3HpoBaHHbIe coo6^eHHa h yTBep^geHHa. Bbi6op neKcnnecKon H0MHHa^HH n03B0^aeT nognepKHyTb He To^bKo bhcokhh CTaTyc aBTopa goKyMeHTa h cnaaHHocTb aBTopcKoro Ko^eKTHBa, ho h npogyMaHHocTb ynpaB^eHnecKHx pemeHHH, nocKo^bKy ohh npHHHMaroTca c yneTOM o6^ero MHeHua ynacTByro^Hx b o6cy®geHHH.
2)	Mu-npoeKmupymty.ee b goKyMeHTax ®aHpoB nporpaMMH, n^aHa penpe3eHTHpyeTca cHHTamaranecKHM coneTaHHeM MecTOHMeHHa mu h raaro^a. 06^acrabie h MyH^nna^bHbie nporpaMMH, yTBep^gaeMbie nocTaH0BœHHaMH (paHee - 3aK0HaMu), aB^arorca HHcTpyMeHT0M pery^npoBaHHa h ynpaB^eHHa peraoHa^bHon cTpaTeraen ^K0H0MHHecK0^0, C0^HaflbH0^0 h HayHH0-TexHHnecK0r0 pa3BHTHa peruoHa. Pe(epeHT0M TaKoro mu aB^aeTca Ko^eKTHBHbrä pa3pa6oTHHK nporpaMMH: «npu pacmnpHTe^bH0M ynoTpe6^eHHH MecT0HMeHHe mu Mo^eT yKa3HBaTb Ha c0B0KynH0cTb ïïh^ ko^^kthb, Bcex rpa^gaH» (Obe^oba 1980). ^0^T0My BHH^eHHTb n b goKyMeHTax nporpaMMHoro n^aHa He^b3a:
ffnn pemeHun npoôneMU ^Hep^o^j>j>eKmu6HOcmu TynbcKoü oônacmu <u Poccuu e
WnoM> HeoôxoèuMo npoeecmu MHowecmeo Meponpunmuü, mm pa3pa6omuuKu'
nepeuucnuM numb HeKomopue u3 hux:
1. HeoôxoèuMo npueecmu nompeóumeneü ^Hep^uu k noHuMaHum npoôneMU
^Hep^oc6epe^eHun (Hoctahob^EHHE 2010).
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^KC^nuKa^ua pe$epeHT0B no3BonaeT roBopuTb o neTKo 0npegeneHH0M MHo^ecTBe nu^ - rpynne pa3pa60THuK0B. Mu nognepKHBaeT o6^ee MHeHue KonneKTuBa o nyTax u cnoco6ax pemeHua cno^Hbix co^uanbHbIx u ^K0H0MUHecKux npo6neM.
3)	Mu-cojudapHoe peanroyeTca b TeKCTe ycTaBoB MyHu^u^anbHbIx 06pa30BaHun:
Mu, wumeju E0^0p0^u^K0^0 paüoHa TyjbCKoü oôjacmu Poccuückoü @eôepaquu, - MBJMMCb uacmbw MH0^0Ha^u0HaJbH0^0 Hapoda Poccuückoü @eôepaquu, <...> npuHUMaeM ycmaB MyHu^unaJbH0^0 o6pa3oeaHuM Eo^opo^u^Kuü paüoH (ycTAB 2007).
Pe^epeHTHon rpynnon aBnaroTca rpa^gaHe P®, MecTo ^uTenbcTBa K0T0pbix pacnono^eHo b rpaHu^x MyHu^u^anbH0^0 06pa30BaHua, o6nagaromue npaBoM Ha ynacTHe b pe^epeHgyMe. B ycTaBe mu - ^TO He 'm + mu/oHu ', mu - onpegeneHHaa rpynna nu^ K0T0paa napaMeTpu3yeTca no o6teMy, nocKonbKy Ha pe^epeHgyMe ronoca nogcHHTHBaroTca. H36upaTenu aBnarorca aBTopoM goKyMeHTa $0pManbH0 u ycnoBHo. ycTaB MyHu^u^anbH0^0 06pa30BaHua npuHuMaeTca MecTHbiM pe^epeHgyMoM, K0T0pbrä aBnaeTca $opMon npaMoro Boneu3"baBneHua rpa^gaH, ocymecTBnaeMoro nocpegcTBoM ronocoBaHua.
Bhcokhh CTaTyc pe^epeHTa o6ycnoBneH TeM, hto oh aBnaeTca cy6"beKT0M npaBoTBopnecKoro npo^cca. ®parneHT ycTaBa npegcTaBnaeT co6on BHCKa3HBaHue, nocpegcTBoM KoToporo ocymecTBnaeTca K0HBeH^u0HanbHbIH peneBon aKT - aKT npuHaTua HnA MyHu^u^anbH0^0 06pa30BaHua, HMero^ero Bbicmyro MpugunecKyM cuny no 0TH0meHuro k hhhm npaB0BbiM aKTaM. Mu-cojudapHoe geM0HCTpupyeT eguHCTBo ^03u^uu KonneKTUBHoro aBTopa goKyMeHTa, nocKonbKy ycTaB npuHUMaeTca 6onbmuHCTB0M ronocoB.
4)	Mu-npedja3amty.ee npegcTaBneHo b TeKcTax o6pameHUH:
PaccMampuean daHHuü Bonpoc, mm, denymambi TynbCKOÜ ¿opodcKOÜ flyMbi, cuumaeM HeoôxoèuMbiM coxpaHumb ^mom ypoBeHb coquajbHoü 3a^umu yKa3aHHoü Kame^opuu ^pa^^aH, no^moMy oôpa^aeMCH k BaM <^y6epHamopy> c npeójoweHueM: -<...> npedycMompemb BudejeHue acc^HoeaHuü Ha noKpumue 3ampam, CBM3aHHux c npedocmaBjeHueM ycJy^ no npoe3dy Ha BHympu^0p0^CK0M mpaHcnopme neHcuoHepaM u yua^uMCM 06ty.e06pa30BamejbHux wxoj ... (PEmEHHE 2004).
Pe$epeHT0M aBnaeTca rpynna nu^ o6ieguHeHHHx 3aK0H0TB0pnecK0H geaTenbHocTbK), - genyTara. H3-3a KonneruanbHoro xapaKTepa goKyMeHTa uHguBug KaK nneH rpynna He BbigenaeTca.
5)	Mu-omuumueamtyeecM yKa3biBaeT Ha KonneKTUB (um aBnaeTca npegcTaBUTenbHHH opraH rocygapcTBeHHon BnacTu unu MecTHoro caMoynpaBneHua) u aBTopa goKyMeHTa - rnaBHoe gon^Hocraoe nu^o KaK npegcTaBUTena u pyK0B0guTena ^T0^0 opraHa. Mu ceMaHTunecKu pa3naraeTca Ha 'm + eu' (Mbi-uHKnro3uBHoe, no ^ BeHBeHucTy), nocKonbKy npegcTaBHTenb opraHa
Enern 3aKupoBHa KupeeBa, npamaraHecKHe acneKTti ceMaHTHKH nepBoro wu,a
413
OTHUTHBaeTca nepeg ^TUM opraHOM. ynoTpe6^eHue xapaKTepHO g^a 0THeT0B - 0$u^uaflbH0^0 u o6"beKTuBHoro ucTOHHUKa uH$opMupoBaHua HaceœHua, o6^ecTBeHHOCTu, npegnpuaran o geaTe^bHocra npegcTaBuTe^bHoro opraHa. TeKCT oTHeTa npegcTaB^aeT co6on gecKpunruBHbie BbicKa3biBaHua, pea^royro^ue penpe3eHTaTuBHyM u^oKyTuBHyro $yH^uro, K0T0pbie MoryT 6biTb uctuhhmmu u^u jokhhmh:
Mu KpaÜHe oôecnoKoemi cocmouHueM den e cucmeMe 3dpaeooxpaHeHun paüoHa u HanuHaeM ukiiiiibiio paöomamb Had meM, umo6u HcceneHue uMeno eo3Mo^Hocmb nonyuumb KcuecmeeHHue MeöuquHcKue ycny^u e yupewöeHunx 3dpceooxpcHeHun kük Ha öecnnamHoü, maK u Ha nncmHoü ocHoee (Pemehke 2004).
MHoroo6pa3ue nparnaranecKux ottchkob mu npoaB^aeTca b ^opMax (o6pa3^x g^a 3anomeHua) goKyMeHToB, K0T0pbie aB^aroTca HeoTteM^eMbiM npu^o^eHueM HnA.
ó) Mu-napmHepcKoe (pe$epeHT0M TaKoro mu aB^aKrrca cropoHbi o6a3aTerncTB) pea^royetca b ^opMax goroBopoB, coraameHun, o6a3are^bcTB. ,3,0KyMeHT uMeeT gByx (u 6o^ee) aBTopoB-cocraBuTeœH, u K0^unecTB0 opuruHa^oB paBHo Ko^unecTBy CTopoH (b goKyMeHToBegeHuu cymecTByeT noHaTue yMHoweHHbiü opusman). Ka^gbrä u3 aBTopoB cnmaeT n (nepByro ceMaHTunecKyro cocraB^aromyro mu) ce6a, a mu ^poe^upyeTca Ha napTHepa. 3HaneHue Mo^eT 6bTb ^KC^flu^up0BaH0 Mogernro ,n + mu' npu gonymeHuu, hto n - ^TO ^m6oh u3 aBTopoB goKyMeHTa. TaKoe mu xapaKTeproyeTca «3epKa^bH0H», B3aHM006parH0H ^^0^eHTpHHH0CTbK). HgeHTu$uKa^ua ynacrauK0B K0MMyHUKa^uu npegycMoTpeHa HopMaTuBHMMu aKTaMu u aB^aeTca o6a3aTe^bHon. rpynna nog^e^a^ero MaKcuMa^bHo pacmupeHa npu^meHuaMu; HecoraacoBaHHbiMu onpege^eHuaMu; coraacoBaHHbiMu onpegeœHuaMu, Bbipa^eHHbiMu nprnacrabiMu o6opoTaMu: Mu, Huwenoönucaemuecn, socyöapcmeemoe yupewöeHue TynbcKoü o6nacmu»_», uMeHyeMoe e ÖanbHeümeM «VnpeMČeHue», e nu^ dupeKmopa (saeeöym^eso
ynpe^öeHueM)__(fycMiunun, uMn, omuecmeo), öeücmeym^eso Ha ochobühuu ycmaea,
c oöhoü cmopoHU, u epawöaHuH (sükohhuü npedcmaeumenb) _ (pcMunun, uMn,
omuecmeo),___zoda powöeHun, nacnopm N__, eudaH «___»_____zoda___KeM
eudaH, npowueam^uü no adpecy: _, uMenyeMbiü e ÖanbHeümeM «06cny^ueaeMUü», c dpyzoü cmopoHU, saKnmuunu Hacmon^ee coenameHue o Huwecneàym^eM.
B goKyMeHTax Mu-napmHepcKoe yKa3biBaeT Ha ko^^ktub, u3 K0Toporo n He Bbige^aeTca no npunuHe K0^erua^bH0r0 xapaKTepa goKyMeHTa.
7) Mu-uH$opMupym^ee. Pe$epeHT0M aB^aeTca opraH rocygapcTBeHHon B^acTu u^u MecTHoro caMoynpaB^eHua b nu^ cBoero npegcTaBuTe^a. Mu-uH$opMupym^ee ynoTpe6^aeTca b BbicKa3biBaHuax, pea^royro^ux PA «c^e^uaïïU3upoBaHHbIe coo6^eHua» u xapaKTepHo g^a $opM goKyMeHToB uH$0pMa^u0HH0-c^paB0HH0^0 xapaKTepa, hmck^hx Hucxoga^un xapaKTep. 3HaneHue ot^ penpe3eHTupyeTca 2-Ma cnoco6aMu.
a) $0pM0H 1-ro ot^ mh.h. nep^opMaraBHbix raaro^oByeedoMnneM, coo6^aeM, uH^opMupyeM: Yea^aeMan (uü) _! yeedoMnneM Bac o moM, umo___(HaseaHue
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yupewdeHux) He Mowem npedocmaeumb BaM ^ocy^apcmeeHHym ycnyzy e cex3u c
__(yKasamb npuuuHy omKa3a: HenpaeunbHo o^opMnemi doxyMeHmu u dp.)
e coomeemcmeuu c BamuM 3axeneHueM om__N___(dama nodauu 3axeneHux)
(nocTAHOB^EHHE 2012a). MecTouMeHue OTcyTCTByeT u3-3a HecymecTBeHHocra nunHocra ucnonHuTena - OTBeTCTBeHHoro gon^Hocraoro nu^, KOTopoe b paMKax cboux cny^eÖHbix n0nH0M0nuñ npegcTaBnaeT opraH rocygapcTBeHHon BnacTu unu MecTHoro caMoynpaBneHua u ocymecTBnaeT B3auMogencTBue c rpa^gaHaMu.
6) cuHTarMaTunecKuM coneTaHueM neKcunecKon H0MUHa^uu, Ha3biBaromen opraH BnacTu, u nep$opMaraBHoro rnarona b $opMe 3-ro nu^ eg.H.: ynpaeneHue no adMuHucmpamueHo-mexHuuecKoMy Had3opy a^MUHUcmpa^uu ^opo^a Tynu cooôtyaem, umo BaMu caMoeonbHo <... >ycmaHoeneH Hecma^uoHapHuü mop^oeuü
(uhoü Hecma^uoHapHblü) oôbeKm:___(yKasamb HauMeHoeaHue, xapaKmepucmuKu,
uHdueudyanu3upym^ue npu3HaKu Hecma^uoHapHo^o mop^oeo^o unu UHo^o Hecma^uoHapHo^o oôbeKma - Hopmah 2009). TaKoe ynoTpeöneHue geMoHcTpupyeT oTBneneHue ot geaTena-nenoBeKa: c agpecaToM roBopuT rocygapcTBo.
8)	Mu-KoHcmamupymty.ee, KoTopoe yKa3biBaeT Ha nu^ yn0nH0M0neHHbix aKTupoBaTb coÖHTua, u peanu3yeTca b ^opMax aKToB ( nocTAHOB^EHHE 2012a): Mu, Huwenodnucaemuecx, npedcmaeumenb ^ocy^apcmeeHHo^oyupewdeHux Kynbmypu TynbcKou oônacmu «tyHmp no oxpaHe u ucnonbsoeaHum naMxmHuKoe ucmopuu
u Kynbmypu» e n^e dupeKmopa__, ^eücmeym^e^o Ha ocHoeaHuu Ycmaea, c
odHoü cmopoHu, u npedcmaeumenb__, UMeHyeMo^o e danbHeümeM coôcmeeHHuK
(nonbsoeamenb), e nu^___, ^eücmeym^e^o Ha ocHoeaHuu____, cocmaeunu
Hacmoxtyuu aKm o moM, umo__(dama) npouseedeH ocMomp oôbeKma KynbmypHo^o
Hacnedux (naMxmHuKa ucmopuu u Kynbmypu)____3HaueHux__, pacnono^eHHo^o
no adpecy... B cTpyKType MecTouMeHua He BbigenaeTca ero nepBaa ceMaHTunecKaa cocTaBnaro^aa x u3-3a KonneruanbHoro xapaKTepa goKyMeHTa. HMeHHaa rpynna pacmupeHa b ^nax ugeHTu$uKa^uu ynacrauK0B coÖHTua, nocKonbKy ot ux 0$u^uanbH0^0 cTaTyca 3aBucuT neruTuMHocTb goKyMeHTa.
9)	ynoTpeöneHue Mu-3aeucuMo^o aHanoruHHo ynoTpeöneHuro x-3aeucuMo^o.
KraK, x-o$u^uanbHoe pa3nunaeTca nparnarunecKuMu oTTeHKaMu u 3aBucuT
ot ®aHpa goKyMeHTa, cTaTyca KoMMyHuKaHToB u K0MMyHuKaTuBHbix 3agan. BbigenaeTca x-pe^ynupym^ee (3aKoHodamenbHoe), x-omuumueam^eecx u b $opMax goKyMeHToB xsaeucuMoe, npuneM cTaTyc ynacrauK0B K0MMyHUKa^uu u guaMeTpanbHo npoTuBonono®Hbrä. TaK, b paMKax cBoen ponu pe^epeHT x-3aeucuMo^o Mo^eT npocuTb, gon^eH 0THuTbiBaTbca unu uH$opMupoBarb o $aKTax, HenocpegcTBeHHo k HeMy 0TH0ca^uxca.
B 3aBucuMocTu ot KoMMyHuKaTuBHoro cTaTyca aBTopa goKyMeHTa 3HaneHue nu^ Mo^eT 6biTb Bbipa^eHo a) nep^opMaraBHbiM rnaronoM. He3aMe^eHHaa ^03u^ua nogne^a^ero oöiacHaeTca npamaranecKu: aBTop pacnopaguTenbHoro goKyMeHTa HageneH BnacTHbiMu n0nH0M0nuaMu u He BuguT HeoöxoguMocTu b caMonpe3em^uu; 6) nep^opMaruBHbiM rnaronoM u MecTouMeHueM, npu ^T0M rpynna nogne^a^ero MaKcuManbHo pacmupeHa. Pe^epeHT x-3aeucuMo^o -oguH u3 0TKpHT0r0 MHo^ecTBa nu^ ^0^T0My geTanu3a^ua uMeHHon rpynnbi
Enern 3aKupoBHa KupeeBa, npamaraHecKHe acneKTti ceMaHTHKH nepBoro wu,a
415
o6ycnoBneHa Tpe6oBaHueM co6nrogeHua MaKcuMH KonunecrBa.
YcnoBua ynorpe6neHua u cpegcrBa Bbipa^eHua Mu-o^u^uanbno^o MHoroo6pa3HH. Bbigenaerca Mu-3aKonodamenbnoe (b pacnopagurenbHbix goKyMeHTax), Mu-npoeKmupymty.ee (b goKyMeHrax ^aHpoB nporpaMMbi, nnaHa), Mu-conudapnoe (b ycraBax MyHu^u^anbHbIx o6pa3oBaHun), Mu-npe^na^am^ee (b o6pa^eHuax), Mu-omnumuBam^eecn (b doKyMenmax om^emno^o xapaKmepa). MHoroo6pa3ue nparnarunecKux orreHKoB mu npoaBnaerca b 4>opMax goKyMeHroB. ^ro Mu-napmnepcKoe (b ^opMax goroBopoB, cornameHun, o6a3arenbcrB), mu-un^opMupym^ee u Mu-3aBucuMoe (b ^opMax goKyMeHroB uH$0pMa^u0HH0-cnpaBonHoro xapaKrepa, umcw^hx coorBercrBeHHo Hucxoga^un unu Bocxoga^uH xapaKrep K0MMyHUKa^uu), mu-Koncmamupym^ee (b ^opMax aKroB). Pa3Hoo6pa3Hbie cpegcrBa Bbipa^eHua no3Bonaror nognepKHyrb He ronbKo craryc aBropa goKyMeHra u cnaaHHocrb aBropcKoro KonneKruBa, ho u npogyMaHHocrb ynpaBneHnecKux pemeHun, nocKonbKy ohu npuHuMarorca c yneroM o6^ero MHeHua ynacTByM^ux b o6cy®geHuu. Ynorpe6neHue MecrouMeHua mu u pacmupeHue rpynnbi nogne^a^ero 3aBucar or craryca KoMMyHuKaHra. TaK, Ha6nK>gaerca KoMnpeccua reKcra b BbicKa3biBaHuax, Korga aBropoM aBnaerca pe^epeHT x-3aKono^amenbno^o u, Hao6opor, rpynna nogne^a^ero MaKcuManbHo pacmupeHa b BbicKa3biBaHuax, aBropoM Koropbix aBnaerca pe^epeHr n-3aBucuMo^o.
•HuTEPATyPA
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Ot^et, 2012: Orner 3aMecrurena npegcegarena TynbcKon ropogcKon gyMH H.ro. ®unaroBa o pa6ore 3a 2012 rog: PemeHue TynbcKon ropogcKon gyMH or 27. 03. 2013 N59/1300. Tyna. 25. 12. 2012. 51.
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nocTAHOB^EHHE, 2012a: O6 yTBep^geHuu agMuHucTpaTuBHoro peraaMercra npegocTaB^eHua rocygapcTBeHHon yc^yru «O$opMœHue oxpaHHbix o6a3aTe^bCTB co6cTBeHHuKoB (no^b3OBaTe^en) o6"beKTOB Ky^brypHoro Hacœgua, Haxoga^uxca Ha TeppuTopuu Ty^bcKOH o6^acra». nocTaHOB^eHue npaBuTe^bCTBa Ty^bcKOH o6^acra ot 29. 06. 2012 m 350. TynbCKue u3eecmux. 12. 07. 2012. m 99.
--, 2012b: O6 yTBep^geHuu agMuHucTpaTuBHoro peraaMeHTa npegocTaB^eHua rocygapcTBeHHon yc^yru «npegocTaBœHue uH$opMa^uu o nopagKe npoBegeHua rocygapcTBeHHon (utotoboh) aTTecTa^uu o6ynaromuxca, ocBouBmux o6pa3oBaTe^bHbie nporpaMMH ocHoBHoro o6^ero u cpegHero (nomoro) o6^ero o6pa3OBaHua, b tom nuc^e b $opMe eguHoro rocygapcTBeHHoro ^K3aMeHa, a TaK^e uH$opMa^uu u3 6a3 gaHHbix Ty^bcKOH o6^acra o6 ynacTHuKax eguHoro rocygapcTBeHHoro ^K3aMeHa u o pe3y^braTax eguHoro rocygapcTBeHHoro ^K3aMeHa». noCTaHOB^eHue npaBuTe^bcTBa Ty^bcKOH o6^acra ot 29.06.2012 m 324. TynbCKue u3eecmux. 05. 07. 2012. m 95.
--, 2010: O6 yTBep^geHuu nporpaMMH no ^Hep^oc6epe®eHuro u noBbimeHuro ^Hep^eTUHecKOH ^$$eKTUBHOCTu TyrncKOH o6^acra Ha 2010-2020 rogbi. nocTaHoB^eHue agMUHucTpa^uu Ty^bcKOH o6^acra ot 28. 07. 2010 m 677.
TynbCKue u3eecmux, 05. 08. 2010. m 114.
PEmEHHE, 2011: O no^o^eHuu «O geMOHTa^e caMOBo^bHo ycTaHOBœHHbix HecTa^uoHapHHx ToproBbix u uhhx HecTa^uoHapHHx o6"beKTOB Ha TeppuTopuu MyHu^u^aflbHO^o o6pa3OBaHua ropog Ty^a». PemeHue TyrncKOH ropogcKon flyMH ot 02. 09. 2011 m 30/629. Tyna. 06. 09. 2011. m 64.
--, 2009: O6 OTneTe raaBbi a^MUHucTpa^uu MyHu^u^aïïbHO^o o6pa3OBaHua CyBopoBcKun pañoH o geaTe^bHocra agMUHucTpa^uu MyHu^u^aïïbHO^o o6pa3OBaHua CyBopoBcKun panoH no pemeHuro BonpocoB MecTHoro 3HaneHua 3a 2009 rog. PemeHue Co6paHua npegcTaBuTe^en MyHu^u^aïïbHO^o o6pa3OBaHua CyBopoBcKun panoH ot 19. 03. 2010 m 15-164. Ceemnuü nymb. m 85, 21. 12. 2009.
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Povzetek
Članek se ukvarja s pragmatičnimi vidiki semantike prvoosebnega izražanja, tj. delovanju jezikovnih sredstev in referenčni korelaciji. Raziskava temelji na predpostavki, da avtor uradnega besedila nastopa v tem besedilu. Avtor pooseblja državni organ - oblast ali njene predstavnike, a ne državne uprave, tj. javnega uslužbenca. Prvoosebna identiteta avtorja se med drugim izraža z gramatično kategorijo osebe. Gradivo te raziskave sestoji iz uradnih besedil - odlokov in predpisov iz pokrajinske zakonodaje. Razlog za to pragmatično karakterizacijo je avtorjeva vloga v kontekstu različne komunikacije. Kolektivni avtor uradnega besedila ima mnogo obrazov. Pragmatične konotacije so odvisne od vrste dokumenta, statusa udeležencev komunikacije in sporazumevalnih ciljev; tako je jaz lahko upravni organ (zakonodajalec), odgovorni ali nepreskrbljeni (družinski član). Statusa udeležencev komunikacije sta nasprotna. V vlogi 'jaz, nepreskrbljeni (družinski član) osebek lahko prosi ali se mora zglasiti ali obvestiti pristojni organ o nečem, kar neposredno zadeva to vlogo. Uporaba in načini izražanja vloge 'mi, uradno telo' so različni, npr. mi, zakonodajalec; mi, projektant; mi, (ki smo) solidarni; mi, predlagatelj; mi, odgovorni. Spreminjanje pragmatičnih odtenkov zaimka mi se pojavlja na obrazcih - prilogah k odlokom in predpisom, saj se se mi pojavlja npr. z družbenik, prijavitelj (obveščevalec), nepreskrbljeni (družinski član), pripovedovalec. Številni načini izražanja omogočajo izkazovanje ne le statusa avtorja besedila in njegove trdne povezanosti s kolektivom, ampak tudi premišljenosti upravnih odločitev, do katerih prihaja s soglasjem celotnega kolektiva. Raba zaimka mi in pomnožinjenje subjekta je odvisno od avtorjevega statusa: čim nižji je, tem večja je potreba po identifikaciji s kolektivom.