II-197
ALI SE ZAVEDAMO POMENA VAJ ZA KREPITEV MIŠIC
MEDENIČNEGA DNA?
AWARENESS OF PELVIC FLOOR MUSCLE EXERCISES?
Darija Šćepanović, Sonja Hlebš
Visoka šola za zdravstvo, Oddelek za fizioterapijo, Poljanska c. 26a, 1000 Ljubljana
POSTERJI
Ključne besede: urinska inkontinenca; zavedanje; vaje za
mišice medeničnega dna; srednješolski mladostniki
Izvleček – Izhodišča. Urinska inkontinenca vpliva na kako-
vost življenja posameznika in predstavlja veliko finančno bre-
me za zdravstveni sistem. Za preprečevanje in zdravljenje se
priporočajo vaje za krepitev mišic medeničnega dna. Izsledki
dosedanjih raziskav so pokazali, da se populacija žensk po-
mena vaj za mišice medeničnega dna premalo zaveda. Na-
men raziskave je bil ugotoviti, koliko se zavedajo pomena in
ali poznajo vaje za krepitev mišic medeničnega dna sloven-
ski srednješolski mladostniki.
Metode. K sodelovanju so bili povabljeni slovenski srednješol-
ski mladostniki, ki so bili februarja 2002 na informativnem
dnevu Visoke šole za zdravstvo v Ljubljani na oddelku za fi-
zioterapijo. Navzočih je bilo 107 mladostnikov. Anketirani
so odgovarjali na vprašanja o poznavanju vaj za mišice me-
deničnega dna, viru informacij o vajah za mišice medenične-
ga dna in o primernosti izvajanja vaj v določenem starost-
nem obdobju. Uporabljena je bila metoda neposrednega zbi-
ranja podatkov s pomočjo vprašalnika. Podatki so bili anali-
zirani z Excelovimi statističnimi orodji. Uporabljene so bile
deskriptivne statistične metode, za izračun razlik je bil upo-
rabljen χ 2 test.
Rezultati. Na vprašalnik je odgovorilo 107 mladostnikov. Ana-
liziranih je bilo 99 vprašalnikov, ki jih je izpolnilo 76 žensk
(77%) in 23 moških (23%), starih 18,5 ± 0,95 leta. Triindvaj-
set anketiranih (23%) je obiskovalo gimnazijo, 38 (38%) sred-
njo zdravstveno šolo, 34 (34%) drugo štiriletno srednjo šolo
in 4 (4%) poklicno šolo. Za vaje za mišice medeničnega dna
je od vseh anketiranih slišalo 55 mladostnikov (56%) obeh
spolov. Analiza rezultatov je pokazala statistično značilno
razliko (p<0,0001) med anketiranimi s srednjih zdravstve-
nih in tistimi z drugih srednjih šol. Petintrideset anketiranih
(92%) s srednjih zdravstvenih šol je za vaje za mišice mede-
ničnega dna slišalo, 14 gimnazijcev (61%) in 25 mladostni-
kov (73,5%) z drugih srednjih šol ter 2 mladostnika (50%) s
poklicnih šol pa za te vaje še ni slišalo. Od tistih, ki so za vaje
za mišice medeničnega dna že slišali, jih je 41 (74,5%) zvede-
lo zanje od zdravstvenih delavcev, 21 (38%) je o njih izvedelo
iz revij, brošur ali knjig, 9 (16%) od staršev ali drugih članov
družine in 5 (9%) pri športni vzgoji, aerobiki ali telovadbi
zunaj šole. Od 55 mladostnikov (56%), ki so za vaje že slišali,
jih je 32 (58%) odgovorilo, da vedo, kako se jih izvaja, vendar
jih je le 14 (25%) zadovoljivo opisalo. Osemindvajset mladost-
nikov (51%) je menilo, da je izvajanje vaj potrebno samo za
ženske, 25 (45,5%) pa jih je odgovorilo, da je izvajanje vaj
potrebno za moške in ženske. Večina anketiranih (32 mla-
dostnikov – 58%) je menila, da je vaje treba začeti izvajati v
starosti od 20 do 40 let.
Key words: urinary incontinence; awareness; pelvic floor
muscle exercises; secondary school leavers
Abstract – Background. Introduction: Urinary incontinen-
ce has financial implications for healthcare, and the conside-
rable impact on person’s quality of life. Pelvic floor muscle
exercises are widely recommended as means of preventing
and treating urinary incontinence but the pelvic floor
muscle exercises awareness within population is low. The pur-
pose of the present study was to determine the awareness of
pelvic floor muscle exercises in Slovenian secondary school
leavers.
Methods. During the University College for Health Studies day
in February 2002, Slovenian secondary school leavers, visi-
tors to the Physiotherapy Department were asked to complete
anonymous questionnaire involving a pelvic floor muscle exer-
cises awareness evaluation. One hundred and seven secon-
dary school leavers were presented. The Excel program was
used for the data entry. Descriptive statistics and χ 2 test were
done as appropriate.
Results. Out of 107 completed forms, 99 were used for analy-
ses. Of these, 76 (77%) were completed by females and 23
(23%) by males aged 18 ± 0,95 years. Twentythree (23%) se-
condary school leavers attended grammar school, 38 (38%)
secondary medical school, 34 (34%) other secondary school
and 4 (4%) vocational school. The percentage of the sample
group who reported that they heard of pelvic floor muscle exer-
cises was 56% (55 subjects). There was a statistical signifi-
cant difference (p<0,0001) between the secondary medical
school leavers and other school leavers who reported that they
heard of pelvic floor muscle exercises; 35 subjects (92%) who
attended secondary medical schools had heard of pelvic floor
muscle exercises, 14 subjects (61%) who attended grammar
school, 25 subjects (73,5%) who attended other secondary
schools and 2 subjects (50%) who attended vocational scho-
ols reported that they had not. The sources of information
from which subjects reported that they heard of term pelvic
floor muscle exercises were a member of the medical professi-
on (41 subjects – 74,5%), magazine/book/leaflet (21 subjects
– 38%), a parent/family member (9 subjects – 16%) and physi-
cal education in school/aerobic classes (5 subjects – 9%). The
55 subjects (56%) who had heard of pelvic floor muscle exer-
cises 32 subjects (58%) reported to know what pelvic floor
muscle exercises were, but only 14 subjects (25%) defined the
exercise suitable. Out of the 55 subjects who had heard of
pelvic floor muscle exercises 28 subjects (51%) felt that exer-
cises would be beneficial to perform only for women, 25 sub-
jects (45,5%) felt that it would be beneficial for both sexes
and 23 subjects (58%) thought that exercises should be star-
ted between 20 and 40 years of age.
II-198 ZDRAV VESTN 2003; 72: SUPPL II
Conclusions. We concluded that there is a lack of awareness
of the pelvic floor muscle exercises within the Slovenian se-
condary school leavers, especially amongst those who atten-
ded grammar school or vocational school or other vocational
school. This study emphasises the importance of promotion
and education of pelvic floor muscle exercises among young
people. Physiotherapists could play a key role in order to
raise awareness of pelvic floor muscle exercises.
Zaključki. Rezultati so pokazali, da se pomena vaj za mišice
medeničnega dna v anketiranem vzorcu slovenskih srednje-
šolskih mladostnikov pomanjkljivo zaveda. To velja zlasti za
mladostnike, ki so obiskovali splošne in nezdravstvene sred-
nješolske poklicne programe. Fizioterapevti bi lahko s preda-
vanji ali učnimi delavnicami prispevali k uveljavljanju vaj
za krepitev mišic medeničnega dna med mladostniki.