liYUadinAki 31&L
A Magazine for SNPJ Juveniles
1944
Mladinski List
JUVENILE MONTHLY
ANTON GARDEN.........    Editor
LOUIS BENIGER	.Assistant	Editor
PHILIP GODINA	Business	Manager
CONTENTS FOR MAY
Vsebina aprilske številke
POEMS, STORIES, ETC.
Kaj vse dete ljubi (pesem) __________
Prvi maj (pesem) ....................
Terezinkina naloga .......... .......
FEATURES, ETC.
Birthdays of Great Men...............
Fun and Frolic..................	.
Join the “New Name for M. L.” Contest
Just for Fun...............................................................        9
Origin of the World, The ....	     2
Our Own Juvenile Circles 	18
Our Pen Pals Write ..........................................................     24
Our School	   ...10
Russian Crown Collection....................................................       6
Zgodbe o bombažu. ...........................................................     32
Published monthly by the Slovene National Benefit Society for the members of its Juvenile Department. Annual subscription, $1.20; half year, tiOc; foreign subscription, $1.50. Address: 2657 S. Lawndale Ave., Chicago 23, 111. Entered as second-class matter August 2, 1922, at the post office at Chicago, 111., under Act of August 24, 1912.
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MLADINSKI LIST
JUVENILE
leto xxiii—št. 5
CHICAGO, MAY. 1944
VOL. XXIII—No. 5
PRVI MAJ
Katka Zupančič
Še poslednjič se nasmehne dan in zapre oko počasi.
Noč razgrinja plašč iz črne svile stkan in ga z zvezdicami krasi.
Vse do polnoči, po polnoči gluhe ure se vrstijo; kakor mrtvo vse molči, tudi zvezde le molčijo.
Daleč na obzorju novi dan spet odpre oko počasi . . .
A ta dan je naš! Zato odbran, da daje up trpeči masi.
			
		, ' * *	
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When you ask your friends to join the SNPJ, be sure to stress the important facts illustrated in the above drawing; that is. the SNPJ has a membership of over 64,000 adults and juveniles and assets of more than $11,000,000, making it easily the largest Slovene fraternal benefit society in the world. Last Year, despite the drawbacks of war, the SNPJ showed a splendid net gain of 2,293 members and $433,-103.40 in assets. (Drawing by BILL BALTEZAR, Lodge 249, Butte, Mont., by request.)
THE ORIGIN OF THE WORLD
(Conclusion)
All civilizations began in savagery. When you remember that the “ancient Britons” existed only two thousand years ago, and that when Caesar landed on the south coast of England he was met by painted savages, clad in skins, armed with spears and shields, you wonder if civilized England, with all her wealth, refinement, poverty, and crime, can have developed in such a brief time. Has everything developed? Yes! Everything has developed, just as I have been explaining to you that the world itself has developed from a fire-mist. As you read more widely and think more deeply—as I hope you will do— you will find that the story I have told you falls into line with all the new knowledge of the world, and with all the facts that come under your observation. All things develop, unfold, evolve, and progress.
I have told you so little about the world and its development that I feel almost as if I should start again and try to make it clearer and simpler. Yet, if I did, perhaps it would be no clearer to you at the end; for all I hope to do is to set your mind at work, so that you may have a broader outlook on the world, and a more intelligent idea of its origin. Life and death and joy and woe are forever mixed up here. As an ancient poet said:—
Mingled is death’s moan
With wail of childhood issuing from the womb; Nor ever night did fail, nor dawn arise,
Which heard not, blent with infancy’s weak cries, The sob that speaks of darkness and the tomb.
It seems to me that the story I have told you is full of hope for the race, because it points forward to greater development—to a richer, fuller development. It suggests that the German philosopher Nietzsche was not far wrong when he prophesied that a time will come when all men will be as good as the best men are now. That seems to me to be a far cry, considering the barbarism of the world. And yet the long ages of struggle in the past give one great hope for the future. We are still barbarous, even in our most civilized communities, and it may be true (I think it is), as Nietzsche says, that men will some
day look back on us as we look back on the apes.
When I go over the story of the origin of the earth, as I understand it, my soul is filled with a joyous anticipation of the future of the world, and I want so to live' that the world which is to come will be the better for my having lived. None of us can do much to amend the world; but we can each do a little, and it is all the littles that make what the Scotchman calls the “muckles.” We are each but atoms in the world’s progress, and the progress is painfully slow; but we can each help a bit; and we can do that best when we understand what the world is and how it develops. Hitherto all progress has been very slow, because it was unconscious; but now that we are coming to realize the way in which Nature works, we are bound to adopt a conscious method, working with Nature, so that our progress will be more rapid in the future than it has ever been in the past. And so this good old world is bound to improve with each generation.
As I look over the chapters I have written, do you know the thing that strikes me most forcibly in all I have said? It is this: that we live in a world of miracle, in a world of mystery and beauty and glory and eternal wonder. I have been talking to myself very frequently when I seemed to be talking to you, for I realize that I have gone about the world with my eyes only half-opened to the glory of it all. It is a wonderful world we line in, and I am glad that I was born; and I am sorry I did not understand earlier what life was, for I might have got so much more out of life while I had it. I hope you will realize what I mean, and come to enjoy life with open eyes and grateful heart. Your simple question as to the origin of the world has done me a great deal of good, and if my work does you half as much good as it has done me I shall be rewarded indeed.
Now, in closing, I want to quote a few words from Sir E. Ray Lankester’s book, The Kingdom of Man. I quote him because he seems to me to be a great man and a good man, one who has been in the forefront of (Continued on inside back cover)
Join the "New Nome for Mladinski List" Contest
Suggest a good New Name to Displace “Mladinski List” and Win
a $50 War Bond!
SPECIAL PRIZES FOR BEST LETTERS. CONTEST ENDS AUGUST 1. 1944.
At its annual meeting in February, the SNPJ Supreme Board decided that the name of our juvenile magazine, “Mladinski List,” shall be changed to one having a greater appeal on the average American youth of Slovene or other extraction, and approved a sum not to exceed $50 in prizes for a national contest limited to juvenile members of the Society. The Executive Committee was empowered to prepare necessary rules for the contest, this to be conducted and concluded prior to the semi-annual meeting of the Supreme Board to be held later this year. These instructions have been complied with and the rules governing the contest are as follows . . .
RULES
a) The "NEW NAME FOR MLADINSKI LIST" contest begins April 1 and ends August 1, 1944.
b) The contest is open to any member of the SNPJ Juvenile Department.
c) Each contestant is limited to one NEW NAME suggestion, and every letter submitting a name must be countersigned by either parent. The age and lodge number must also be enclosed.
d) One grand prize, a $50 United States War Savings Bond, will be awarded to the member whose suggestion for a NEW NAME is chosen to displace "Mladinski List.
e) In case two or more members submit the winning name, the purchase price of the $50 bond will be divided equally among them in War Savings Stamps.
f) Any name entered in the contest, found to be exactly similar to that of another publication, will be automatically disqualified.
g) The best letters, telling why the names were chosen and suggested, will be published in the Mladinski List after the contest closes. The four best letters will be entitled to the following awards: First $5, second $3, third $2 and fourth $1, all in War Savings Stamps.
h) All NEW NAME suggestions and letters must be mailed to the JUVENILE DIRECTOR of SNPJ, 2657 So. Lawndale Ave., Chicago 23, 111., on or before August 1, 1944.
It is important to remember at all times that the names, submitted in this contest, must be different, at least in some respect, from names of active publications. It is true that simply by adding a word or taking one away or substituting one for another, a name might be qualified as acceptable, but we do not encourage this practice, for the best results will be obtained if you try to be original.
The fact that there are not many juvenile magaiznes in existence, fraternal or commercial, our task of choosing a good name to take place of the name “Mladinski List , should not be a difficult one. There are many bright boys and girls in the SNPJ who have ability, ambition and ideas of their own. It is to them, especially, that we appeal to join the New Name for Mladinski List” contest and make it a big success.
MICHAEL VRHOVNIK, Juvenile Director.
Kaj vse dete ljubi
Katka Zupančič
Dete ljubi ptičice, njihove popevčice; ljubi žive cvete vrta, ljubi pestre barve prta.
Pod zeleno travico išče murna—kravico.
Ujelo bi i kačo sebi za igračo.
Njemu nič ne gnusi se, gosenici čudi se.
V	blatni mlaki je z roko— za metulji zre oko . . .
Do nebes mu sega grad— svetel gumb mu je zaklad. Ujeti hoče sence ples in uzreti šum dreves.
Ljubi muce, psičke, deklice, fantičke, tete, strice, vse ljudi— malokdaj se jih boji.
Na ves glas pa vzklika, ko mu oče pomežika.
Oj, očeta ljubi vroče!
Le njegov, njegov je oče!
Če pa mamico uzre— lahko vse k hudirju gre.
Ona je vseh čarov čar, njej ponuja—sebe v dar . . .
THE SONGS OF THE WHEEL
E. S. Rees
Though the road be Long and dreary,
I’m always TIRED But never weary.
Storekeeper: These are the best eggs we’ve had for years.
Customer: Well, bring me some you haven’t had so long.
This is a funny world, its wonders never cease; all “civilized” people are at war, all savages at peace.
Terezin kino no logo
Katka Zupančič ČLOVEŠKO TELO
Človek ima glavo, trup in ude. Na glavi so lasje, na trupu roke in noge, na udih pa nohti. Nad trupom imamo vrat, da se lahko glava vrti na njem. Po grlu teče hrana. Ob strani so ušesa. Usta so spredaj in imajo zobe in jezik pod nebom. Spredaj so še lica, nos, čelo in oči. Zato ima človek pet čutov: z vidom vidi, s sluhom sliši, z vohom voha, z okusom okuša, s tipom pa tipa.
Živali lahko migajo z ušesi, mi pa migamo samo z bradami, kadar jemo. Takrat ni spodobno govoriti in dihati moramo skozi nos, ki ima dve luknjici. Če so tuji ljudje zraven, ne smemo vrtati vanje. Na vrh glave je lobanja ali črepinja z možgani. Teh je včasih veliko, ali malo, ali skoro nič. In je to prazna glava, ki hodi pokonci, ker je lahka.
Srce pa je v prsih in bije na levi strani. Tam je tudi vest. Vest je lahka, ali pa težka, ki peče in grize ponoči. Mene je tudi nekoč pekla in hudo grizla. Ampak je mama rekla, da prihaja od želodca. Želodca nihče ne spoštuje. Zato imamo v njem take, ki jih nimamo radi. To le tako rečemo, ker nismo več ljudožrci.
V	telesu imamo še pljuča in drugo ropotijo. Največ je kosti. Posebno veliko jih ima suh človek. Čez vse skupaj imamo kožo. Koža je gola. Zato nam je treba obleke. Ženske so iz tanjšega blaga in jih šivajo šivilje, moške pa krojači. Z mokrimi nogami se pride najprej do prehlada. Za to skrbijo čevljarji.
Kadar nam kaj manjka gremo k zdravn-ku. Zdravniki se razumejo na bolezni in zapišejo zdravila zanje. Če ne ozdravimo, smo bolni in večkrat umrjemo. Takrat smo truplo. To je slabo za nas, ker imamo velike stroške s pogrebniki. Zato čuvajmo človeško telo, dokler smo živi!
Uganka: Kaj je razlika med človekom in kokošjo?
Odgovor: Človek se lahko oblizne, kokoš pa ne.
BUY WAR BONDS AND STAMPS
Birthdays of the Great Men
By Louis Beniger
^anez 1"Jrdina
May 29 is the birthday of one of the greatest of Slovene writers—Janez Trdina. He was born in 1830 in Mengeš, near Kamnik, in Upper Carniola (Gorenjsko), in Slovenia.
This year marks his 114th birthday.
Trdina’s parents were peasants of moderate means, but the boy received a good elementary education in his home town. At the age of fourteen he was sent to Ljubljana where he pursued his studies at the high school. When he was eighteen years old he went to Vienna where he studied modern languages and classical literature. Soon after he completed his studies at the University of Vienna, Trdina was appointed professor of languages at the University of Reka (Fiume ).
Janez Trdina started to write stories while he was at school in Ljubljana. His love for the Slovene language increased as he grew older and riched its peak in his mature years.
Trdina was a true Slovene and as such was not afraid to express himself mot vigor-ouly against the existing despotism of the old Austrian rule. He hated the oppression then practised against the Slovene nation, it is important to know that at that time the Germanic government of Austria was resorting to all sorts of violence to suppress! Slovene national life, as it vias doing against dll Slavic nations under its rule.
Against these conditions all intelligent Slovenes rebelled. The Slovene writers were the only element that were able to oppose the ruling class. The struggle of the Slovenes for their national existence was a hard one indeed, but they managed to voice their resentment in various publications that had to labor. As professor at the University ivere then beginning to appear.
It was against this background that Trdina °f Reka, he had an opportunity to come into contact with other educators and men of letters. It was at this time that he published a book, “Buh’s Hussars,” in which he attacked the violence of the Austrian government. And it was because of this attack that he was forced to resign his position at the
university. He retired to Novo Mesto in Lower Carniola (Dolenjsko), where he spent the rest of his life.
As already mentioned, Trdina began to write stories as a student in Ljubljana. It was at that time, too, that he made an attempt to write a heroic story of the Slovene nation. And it was during this time that he wrote a historical novel, and also a criticism of Slovene poets. Many years later, in 1866, he published “The History of the Slovene Nation.”
Trdina was a prolific writer. Many of his stories and tales appeared in the Ljubljanski Zvon, foremost Slovene literary monthly. Here appeared his story, “Religious Tales in Dolenjsko,” in classical prose style; also, “Tales and Stories About Gorjanci,” of the same locality.
Trdina was known for his patriotism, strong character, determination, and for his extraordinary ability as a writer. He was an avowed freethinker, a democrat, and a liberal. He was the outstanding man of letters of his time. His style was clear and his choice of xvords incomparable.
While he lived in his retirement in Novo Mesto, Trdina published a series of his collected works, entitled, “Beautiful Tales and Stories.” He wrote these tales in his own inimitable style as he had heard them among the common people. In order to avoid suppression of his stories by the government, Trdina did not draw his characters from real life, but instead used the stories as a vehicle to achieve his purpose.
Trdina’s main object was to show the beauty of the Slovene language in literature. Nevertheless, his subject matter was always just as important. In this he suceeded admirably well.
In his writings Trdina was often severe and at times extremely critical toward the existing order, and because of this, as already mentioned, he was forced into retirement.
Janez Tdina died on June 14, 1905, in Novo Mesto. Two years after his death, the fourth book of his “Collected Stories” was published, also “Stories and Tales.”
Russian Grown Collection
Emerine S. Rees
An English traveler, writing about a visit to Moscow in the year 1800, described a collection of royal crowns in the emperor’s treasury that had been taken in war by the Russians from the conquered kingdoms. Among them were the crowns of Casan, of Siberia, Astrachan, the Crimea. In marked contrast to the others, richly adorned with precious stones and dazzling jewels, that of
the Crimea was without any ornament or jewels whatever; in its simplicity, it was symbolical of the people from whom it had been plundered.
The most magnificent and most valued of all the crown collection in the treasury, were the crowns of the Russian sovereigns, resplendent with most gorgeous jewels. It was said that the magnificent rubies adorning the crown of Empress Anne, and that of Peter the Second, had been removed and replaced with stones of inferior value and beauty.
READY FOR THE MAIL BOX
Many of our juvenile members continue to incorrectly address mail intended for publication in the Mladinski List. This has become so frequent of late that we have had this illustration drawn by BILL BALTEZAR, showing exactly how to address your letter to insure prompt delivery to the proper department in the main office of the SNPJ.
/
MLADINSKI LIST
FUN and FROLIC
In recreation circles May is known as the contest month. Children enjoy competitive play and sports of all kinds, so why not have your group pick its choice, get together for practice sessions, and then hold a contest, either in single, double or group competition. Suggested contests are horse-shoe, kite, jack-knife, jack-stone, and the ones described below.
Top-Spinning Contest
Spin for Distance: Contestant throws the top from behind a line, making it spin as far away from him as possible. Three trials are allowed, the one in which the top spins furthest from the throwing line being the one to count.
Duration Spin: At a given signal all players spin tops. The top spinning the longest is the winner. Top is timed for length of spin from the time it hits the ground until it rolls on its side.
Accuracy Put: Five concentric circles are drawn, the bull’s eye 1 foot in diameter and each ring 6 inches wide, making the target 5 feet in diameter. The circles are numbered from the outside of the bull’s eye 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Each contestant is allowed five puts and scores according to the circle in which 'his top hits. The top must spin after hitting.
Pick-ups: All pick-ups must be started by picking up a spinning top on the palm of the hand. Suggested variations are: changing top to index finger, throwing top from one hand to another, throwing top up, catching on back of hand, shift-lng top from finger, etc.
Top Scatter:	Each contestant is given three
spins at six dead tops which are arranged in a circle within the 12 inch circle on your bull’s eye target. A well aimed spin will scatter these tops into adjoining circles and the values of these circles into which the tops are knocked are credited to the spinner, provided his own top, after the strike, continues to spin. If the spinner’s top strikes the line of a circle or any of the dead tops stop on the line of a circle, the points in the higher circle are awarded.
Suggested Rules: Players enter all contests. Contestants should know events in advance and should be given sufficient time to practice all events. Scoring: First player eliminated in elimination contests shall get one point, second two, etc. A contestant’s score at each game is then totaled for an aggregate score, and the player with the highest score declared the winner. Conduct and score girls’ contests separately from the boys’.
Rope-Skipping Contest
The rope-skipping contest should be one composed of contests of skill rather than endurance for the most part.
Submitted by Ann Sannemann
Red Hot Pepper: On words “red hot pepper” the rope is turned at normal jumping pace, then players begin to count. On “one” the rope-jumping time is speeded up to fast time. Girl or boy jumping highest number gets most points, next highest girl gets one less point than the winner, and so on down to the last player.
High Water, Low Water: Gently swaying rope from side to side, without making at complete turn, and about a foot from the ground, players jump over rope, one at a time. The rope is raised two inches after each jump. Score same as game above.
Over the River, Over the Falls: Turning the rope briskly, players run through t'he rope, and back without being touched by the rope.
Double Dutch: Two ropes, turning toward each other are used. Jumpers must run in, jump ten times, and run out again without a miss.
Lazy Dazy: Again gently swaying rope from side to side, player jumps in and does a double jump on each side of the swaying rope. Set your own numbers of jumping times.
Suggested Rules: All children enter each contest and compete until eliminated. Scoring: First to be eliminated scores one point, second two points, etc. Child with most points at end of contest is declared winner. Position: Each child is given a place in line, and must take their turn when it comes or be eliminated. A balk shall constitute a miss.
Marble Tournament
Playing Area: A 10 foot circle with a cross made direct in the center. Thirteen clay marbles or “commies” are placed on this cross at intervals of two inches.
Rules: Players shoot from the outer edge of the circle at the center marbles. If a player can hit one out in such a way that 'his shooter remains in the circle, he gets another shot from the place his agate came to a stop. He plays until he misses a marble or his agate goes out of the circle. In this way a skillful player might clean out the pot on one turn. If, however, t'he player misses entirely or hits one out and his agate leaves the circle at the same time, his turn is over. The kunckles must be kept down while the shot is being made.
Suggested Rules: Conduct girls’ and boys’ tournaments separately. In first round, 6 players may compete in one game. In semi-finals and finals, 2 or 3 only should compete against each other.
A thousand friends are all too few; one enemy is one too many.—Unknown.
George: I went to a hotel for a change and rest. Henry: Did you get it?
George: The bellboy got the change and the hotel got the rest.
Juvenile Chorus of the Cleveland Federation of SNPJ Lodg
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JUST FOR FUN
MAY FLOWERS How lovely does my garden grow Wiih flowers planted in a row;
They nod and sway their lovely heads Acknowledging the wind's caress.
The little flower blooming there Kissed by the sun, the rain and a r;
Was once a tiny seed so round Planted in the cool, rich ground.
Now when the blossoms are so gay And bloom forth all the gladsome day It makes my heart feel young and free To have a garden that's a joy to see.
*	* >1« *
Birds' Puzzle
Now that Spring is with us, and the birds are here again, too, try to guess the names of the birds suggested by the following sentences:
1. A country in Europe.
2. This bird was made famous by the “Golden Egg” story.
3. A black bird who is a robber in the cornfields.
4. A proud bird with gay plumage.
5. He flies high and builds his home in a crag.
*	* * *
True or False
1. The titmouse is a small bird.
2. A person who purls is most likely to be a farmer.
3. The apartment house of the American Indian ^as called a pueblo.
4. A group of lions is properly called a bevy.
5. The color of an emerald is green.
*	* * *
f . .
3. d -
By Ernestine Jugj
became all jumbled. Can you unscramble them correctly? There are six Presidents listed below:
1. Zachary John Van Buren
2. Quincy Simpson Taylor
3. Knox Adams Tyler
4. James Ulysses Grant
5. John Martin Polk
GARDEN QUIZZER How good of a farmer are you? Have the bugs and weeds gotten a head start on you and taken Possession of your garden? Can you answer the following questions by filling in the correct answers?
1. Two of the garden's worst enemies are b - - s and w - - - s.
2. The h - - nworm is a pest detrimental to the - o.
Different sprays will guard the plants against ■ - - - e.
*	* # #
Problem of Months
This is a little problem for which you will have to put on your thinking caps to solve. You all know there are 12 months in the year, but do you know what 3 letters are used most often? If the three most popular letters are arranged properly they spell a 3-letter word—one which is used in this paragraph.
S’S S3«	&
CHECK UP AND REMINDER Have you done your bit today To help speed victory on its way?
Have you saved scrap or grease and oil Or planted a garden or tilted the soil?
There's so many things that you can do Help your mother, father too.
Buy a stamp or bond you see Help a good civilian soldier be.
H* * sfc *
Mother's Day comes every May Loveliest month of all the year;
A card for her, a flower or two Will certainly your mother cheer.
*	* * *
Puzzler
1. Lead
2. Bey
3. Team
4. Art
5. Pen
6. Are
7. Ever
8. Deal
9. Oral 10. We
4. When watering plants do not turn on the hose * - - 1 force. This washes away the dirt from roots.
5. Black r - i destroys cabbage.
#	* * *
Presidential Mix-Ups
Now we really are in a mess again. We’ve a lot of Presidents’ first, second and last names, but somehow (as they generally do on this page), they
' Add a letter in front of each word. The added letters will also form a word which will spell a game sometimes played at parties.
*	* * #
(Answers to puzzles on Inside Back Cover Page.)
BUT
DEFENSE
STAMPS
BONDS
KEEP 'EM FLYING
OUR SCHOOL
SPECIAL CONTEST SUBJECT FOR JULY
Well, boys and girls, a whole month has rolled by since ML's previous visit to your home, and so the time has once more arrived to suggest another SPECIAL CONTEST SUBJECT, this intended for the July issue of the Mladinski List. The subject chosen and recommended to our SNPJ juveniles is WORK FOR WHICH I RECEIVED REWARD.
Nearly every boy and girl of school age has, on one or more occasions, performed some task or work for which he was rewarded, either in money or other form of compensation. If you are one who has an experience of this kind, we invite you to write a letter about it to the Mladinski List.
In your own words, we want you to describe what was required of you to earn the reward you received. Under what conditions was the particular task or work performed? Did you enjoy doing it? Were you glad when finally it was completed? Did the work take place after school hours, during week-ends, vacation time, or when? Was it done right at home or for a neighbor, a friend, or a private business concern?
What kind of work did you do? Was it clerking or delivering for a store, selling newspapers or magazines, running errands, raising a victory garden, taking, care of a lawn, working on a farm, collecting metal scrap and paper, clearing snow and ice off the sidewalks, caddying at a golf course, enrolling new members for the SNPJ, or what? There must be dozens of jobs our members have done, all interesting enough about which to write a few lines.
With vacation days drawing near and., no doubt, many of our juvenile members already planning what they will do during the summer months ahead, a more appropriate subject could hardly be suggested to refreshen the minds of our young people on what can and should be done to keep usefully occupied and to help the home folks by earning a part of their expenses.
If you happen to be one of those unfortunate boys or girls who has never had or taken the opportunity to earn money of your own (or its equivalent), perhaps, between now and the end of the month you might find such an opportunity and make good. Then will be the time to write. Limit yourself to not more than 300 words. The DEADLINE date for the soecial contest subject, WORK FOR WHICH I RECEIVED REWARD, as well as all other contributions intended for the July ML, is JUNE 1, 1944. Mail your letter early!
JUVENILE DIRECTOR.
IMPORTANCE OF ARBOR DAY
Where trees are scarce, they are fully appreciated. It is natural therefore, that the state of Nebraska, once almost treeless, should have brought forth the idea of Arbor Day, so named from the Latin word “arbor”, meaning tree.
J. Sterling Morton, at one time a member of the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture and later Secretary of Agriculture under President Cleveland, realized that the people of his state should not only protect their scanty woods, but should also add to them regularly by planting your trees and seedlings.
At his suggestion in 1872, a special day, April
10,	was set aside by the people of Nebraska for planting trees in parks and other public places. Over 1,000,000 trees were planted that day. Soon the state government became interested, and so, in 1885, Arbor Day was made a legal holiday in Nebraska, the date chosen being April 22, Morton’s birthday.
Soon other public-spirited men elsewhere took up the movement. Gifford Pinchot, former governor of Pennsylvania, was an enthusiastic pioneer in the work of preserving the forests of the nation. When Theodore Roosevelt was President, he made the conservation of our natural resources one of his principal aims.
The. importance of forestry and of the reforestation of waste lands was more and more impressed upon the people through the school and the press, and gradually Arbor Day came to be observed all over the United States. In some states the date has been fixed by law; in others it is set annually by the governor’s proclamation. Arbor Day is also observed in Canada, Great Britain, Africa and Japan. In the South it is usually celebrated in January or February, and in the North, April or May. GLORIA KRITZER, age 13, Lodge 270, 4542 Joliet Avenue, Lyons, Illinois.
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AMPHIBIANS
Do you know that Amphibians are between the stages of fish and reptile? They were formerly called Batrachians, but the name Amphibia has now come into more general use. But all amphibian animals are not amphibia; for the seal and walrus, though equally at home on land or sea, are of a much higher class.
All Amphibians, like fishes and reptiles, are cold blooded—that is, they adapt the temperature of the body to that of their surroundings. On this
“THE SPIRIT” Drawn by Art Kuhel,
age 13, lodge 610, Chicago, 111.
account they are able to endure extremes of heat and cold to a remarkable degree. They can withstand the solid freezing of the water of the marsh or pond, but not so well bear the higher temperatures.
There are wonderful combinations of gills, lungs, fins and legs in this class, affording interesting study in evolution, but this great diversity also makes classification difficult.
Amphibians thrive in warm regions, being most numerous in tropical America and India; none occur in the polar regions. There are about 1,000 existing species, of which about 100 are Tailed Amphibians; some 60 of these are American, about 40 are Coecilians, mostly of tropical America, and the remainder are Tail-less Amphibians, frogs and toads widely distributed throughout the world.
Source: New Century Book of Facts.
HELEN PINELLI, age 14, Lodge 82, Circle 47,
R. D. 3, Box 241, Johnstown, Pa.
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MODERN SAFES
Small movable metal containers with doors, rather than lids, are called safes. Large rooms of a smilar type are called vaults, while boxes are known as coffers. To resist boring, blasting, melting or other operation, safes must be made of the very best grade of steel.
Time clocks of two, three or even half a dozen chronometers are now employed in the construction of safes. The modern types have burglar alarm attachments of secret device for resisting attack.
The most effective alloy yet discovered in the making of safes is a recent patent in which copper is used. This metal resists heat, explosives, drill-
ing and blasting. It would take burglars hours to •penetrate, with the strongest torches, a safe made of 20 inches metal including 12 inches of copper. CHRISTINE KOLAR, age 14, Circle 47, Lodge 684, 421 Ohio Street, Johnstown, Pa.
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ULYSSES S. GRANT
Ulysses S. Grant, the eighteenth President of the United States, was born at Point Pleasant, Claremont County, Ohio, the son of a farmer. He attended public schools until he was 17 years old, and then went to West Point where he graduated in 1843.
Grant fought in the war with Mexico in 1846, and then served a commission in Oregon from which he resigned in 1854 before settling in Galena, 111., where he engaged in the leather business. When the Civil War broke out in 1861, he volunteered his services and was appointed colonel of an Illinois regiment. His career in the army was marked by rapid success and promotion. Upon succeeding General Halleck in the West, he commanded the land forces that, in conjunction with the navy, reduced Vicksburg on July 4, 1863.
In 1864 Grant was appointed lieutenant general and commander-in-chief, and personally directed the operation of the great final struggle in Virginia in which the Northern forces, though often repulsed with heavy losses, finally compelled the evacuation of Richmond on April 2, 1965, followed on the 9th by the surrender of the Confederate Army under General Lee. In recognition of his eminent service and leadership, Congress passed an Act reviving the grade of General of the Army of the United States to which Grant was immediately promoted.
In the presidential election of 1868, Grant was
Lake Bled in Slove-venia, Jugoslavia
(Photo from oil painting by Jos. Bogdanich, Eveleth, Minn.)
11*'
“WAR DOG”
Drawn by Eddie Kaucic, age 12, lodge 292, Box 153, Avella, Pa.
victorious over Horatio Seymour. His first term of office saw t’he passage of the 15th Amendment to the Constitution and the settlement of the Alabama claims dispute. Scandals among the high office, however, were discovered during his second term (1873-1877). Although innocent of any actual corruption himself, he did delay and obstruct improvement of conditions at times by refusing to believe wrong of any one who was his friend. He retired from public life at the conclusion of his second term. He then visited Europe and toured the world.
Simple, reticent, earnest and persevering in his character, Ulysses S. Grant owed his military success not so much to strategy as to superior numbers, resources and hard fighting. He lost his moderate fortune in an unfortunate speculation and then battled heroically with cancer to finish his memoirs, and thus provide a competence for his family before death overtook him.
JOSEPH A. JEREB, age 11, Lodge 63,
92 Lincoln Ave., North Irwin, Pa.
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IN MAY
April winds are over,
Skies are bright and clear,
Green grows the clover For May time is here.
Hark, there’s a bluebird Singing through the light;
He must be a new bird,
His plumage looks so bright.
BETTY JANE TILLMAN, age 10, Lodge 289, Box 125, Tire Hill, Pa.
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BICYCLE RIDING
Bicycle riding is my favorite outdoor sport, because it is a good way to keep cool on a warm day. It also is a healthful exercise, giving one plenty of open air and sunshine. At the same time, it brings about the fine opportunity of mingling with friends, and this usually results in a race or just riding along in nice formation.
The bicycle sport is a wonderful amusement, especially when it comes to performing stunts. We may also call it a pastime, as hours can be passed away riding along without thought of time.
I must admit that, here in West Virginia, bi-
cycling is rather tough going, because of the hills. Of course, one gets a lot of enjoyment out of going back down the hills, but it requires a certain amount of skill to be able to stay on the road, paddle smoothly and apply the brakes when needed. When you know how to do this, there’s nothing to it. Usually after a long ride, a bottle of soda is really refreshing and appreciated. I think you understand now, why I have chosen this as my favorite outdoor sport.
GEORGIE MOČIVNIK, age 12, Lodge 24, Box 47, Kingston, W. Va.
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IT'S FUN TO SKATE
My favorite outdoor sport is skating. My Dad bought me a pair of high-speed ice skates which I certainly appreciate very much. I also have a pair of roller skates. My girl friends and I often go roller skating after school. On Sundays, we usually go to the school hall to skate, and sometimes we have skating parties there.
Not only is it fun to get outside and skate, but you also get some very good exercise. It is fun to play “tag” or “it” with the ball, but the most fun is “crack-the-whip.” When you are on the tail-end of the whip, you are bound to take a few spills.
Skating isn’t hard to learn, but you do have to like it to really enjoy it. When someone is trying to learn to skate, it’s fun to watch them and see how hard they try. After they fall a few times, they get used to it—and even enjoy an occasional spill, if it isn’t too hard.
DOROTHY POWELL, age 13,
Lodge 105, Circle 43,
710 N. Holmes Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
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MOTHER'S DAY
Sunday, May 14, is the day set aside and dedicated to honor our Mothers. In trying to write about this important occasion, I hardly know how to begin to express the feelings which fill my heart.
We do a noble thing in setting aside one day each year as Mother’s Day, but we must not forget that our mothers dedicate every day of the year to their children. On Mother’s Day, Mother is supposed to be the “queen of the mansion,” but instead of claiming her place at the head of the table in the space reserved for the guest of honor, she will most likely choose a kitchen chair as her throne.
Yes, we are supposed to shower Mother with devotion and words of praise on Mother’s Day.' It is supposed to be a day of happy celebration throughout the land, but in many a home there will be a face missing, and while Mother will appear outwardly happy in the circle of those of the family who will be present, her thoughts (at least part of the time) will be far away, thinking of the boy in camp or across the sea—the boy, who grew into a man and marched away at the call of his country to help make the world safer for his mother and other mothers and their children.
Let’s all join in this coming Mother’s Day and
make it a happy event. Be sure to remember your Mother with a nice little gift.
TOMMY GORNICK, age 12, Lodge 629, Trafford, Pennsylvania.
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PICKING BERRIES—AN UNUSUAL EXPERIENCE
Last summer five of us jjirls picked raspberries on a farm owned by Frank Repovs and located near Auburn. This was a small farm compared with others in the district, having only three acres of berries to be picked.
Because of the shortage of gasoline, Mr. Repovs suggested that I and other girls stay at his cabin. He had only one cabin and there were four pickers besides us. His farm is fourteen miles one way from our town and so it would take a lot of gas to drive us back and forth each day.
When arrangements were completed, we moved into the cabin. The first day of picking was a hard one because we had to get used to the hot sun. We picked berries from seven till noon, when we stopped an hour for lunch, and then continued the picking till five o’clock, which made nine hours of work in all for the day. We were very tired and restless after finishing, but after eating supper and cleaning up, we felt refreshed enough to go for a walk.
We asked one of the local girls where the nearest candy store was and were told it was just around the corner. We soon found out it was a long way to the corner for we walked and walked. Along the way, everyone looked at us so strangely; it must have been because there were so many , of us in one group. Finally, we came to our destination, bought the refreshments, and started back.
When we reached the cabin, we were so tired we went to bed at once.
We stayed at the cabin on the farm for several days and then got so homesick we had to be taken home. That was the first time I ever stayed away over night, but I don’t think anyone could have chosen better friends and a better time to stay away from home for their first time. After finishing the work on the Repovs Farm, we picked berries at still another place before the season ended and school started. I can say we had a very enjoyable summer helping ourselves and our country, too—for with the money saved we bought War Bonds. DELMA TOMSIC, age 15, Lodge 57,
Black Diamond, Wash.
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HUNTING—THAT'S MY SPORT
A small boy likes to play such games as hide-and-seek, tag or other simple game. The older children select the more competitive sports like baseball, football, volleyball, etc., which bring out keen sportsmanship and competition. All these sports give one excitement and quick action, but they only last so long and then they get stale.
There’s one sport that never gets stale and that’s hunting. You have your chances for quick action when you jump a grouse or a rabbit. Even if you don’t get anything, there’s a satisfaction you can’t get out of any other sport. The quietness of the woods makes you want to walk twice as quietly, so as not to break the spell woven around you. A far shot at a deer or a hawk flying above you calls for the same coolness, one must possess, when one waits for the proper moment to hit the ball. And when you hit and bring something home, no matter how small, there’s a feeling inside you that can’t be quenched—your own game—you got it all by yourself. It’s really a grand feeling!
RAYMOND LIPOVAC, age 13, Lodge 537, Crivitz, Wisconsin.
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DOING MY PART
When I am asked in school to contribute For Infantile Paralysis or Red Cross,
I never hesitate to answer
With money that’s used for a good cause.
My grandfather saves waste paper,
My mother, magazines for the “boys”.
We tie them up into bundles—
I enjoy this above playing with toys.
My daddy is an Air Raid Warden,
His blood he donated twice;
It will help to save a wounded soldier—
Return him to his mother, sweetheart or wife.
Any relatives in the Army?
Yes, up to now I have three;
Uncle Bill, cousins Robert and Calvin,
And soon my own dear daddy.
Each week I purchase some war stamps,
With money that is given to me
By my grandmothers, aunts and uncles—
It’s saving that counts, you see.
Drawn by Zora Gosiovich, age 16, lodge 297, Raton, New Mexico.
The stamps are turned into bonds,
Which will bring more money, too.
So, you see, I am doing my part
At the age of six. Are you?
(NOTE: My daughter, who is six years old, often has asked me to help her contribute something to the Mladinski List. Because of her age, she is not capable of doing it alone, and so this is our contribution to the Magazine for SNPJ Juveniles which my wife, daughter, and I enjoy reading so much.)
CARLOTTA PAULA KAISER,
2641 So. Drake Ave., Chicago 23, 111. age 6, Circle 26, Lodge 18
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MY FAVORITE SPORT IS ICE SKATING
In the winter, my favorite sport is ice-skating. I didn’t have nearly as much fun last winter as I did the winter before, because there was so little ice.
My chief object in ice skating is to have fun with other children and also it is excellent for exercise. I can skate pretty well and know quite a few tricks. I have Johnston figure skates, but I can’t do much figure skating.
The first time I went skating, I fell more than once, but after I got used to it, I began to play hockey and a game called “crack the whip”. This game is played by having the children join hands forming a chain. As they skate along, the leader suddenly jerks the hand of the person next to him, who does the same to the next person, and so on until the last one gets the full force of the swing and is swung all t'he way around. Boy, is that fun! Well, I guess that’s enough about my favorite sport.	GRACE ANN GERDANC, age 12,
Circle 26, Lodge 559.
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LOUIS PASTEUR
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895), who first found the pathway to the knowledge of microbes, was born in France. His parents wished to give him all the advantages possible, and so, as a boy and young man, he received a fine education at the Royal College, the Sorbonne, and the Ecole Normale in Paris, where he took his degree in physical science.
In Paris, as assistant in the laboratory at the Sorbonne, he completed a discovery, begun by another scientist, on the effect of light on the crystals of tartaric acid. As a result of this work, Pasteur was made professor of chemistry at Strasbourg. There he married Mademoiselle Saurent, who made him very happy in the life that they spent together. It was a busy life, for the professor lived up to his motto, “Work, always work.”
Pasteur became dean and professor of science at the University of Sille. He was then recognized as one of the greatest chemists of his time. In the meantime, he found out the nature of the disease amoung the silkworms that had almost destroyed the silk industry in France. He also discovered the microbes that cause cholera, which was exterminating French poultry, and the disease called anthrax, which is fatal to sheep and cattle.
Up to this time, the disease called rabies in dogs was a cause of terror, for the bite of a dog, ill with rabies, is likely to produce hydrophobia in man. Pasteur became convinced that this illness, too, was caused by a microbe, and although he did not discover it, he did succeed in finding a way to combat the ravages of this deadly microbe. A campaign against rabies was immediately begun, and the disease has been almost wholly stamped out in some countries.
Louis Pasteur lived to the age of seventy-three. His last resting place is in the grounds of the Pasteur Institute in Paris, which was founded for the treatment of hydrophobia.
Source: The Book of Knowledge.
ALICE DADOFF, 15, Lodge 105, Circle 43,
1428 Nordyke Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.
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MARINE CORPS
The fourth line of the Marine’s Hymn used to go “On the land as on the sea.” When the Marine Corps and the song came into being, military operations were confined to the sea and land. There wasn’t such a thing as an airplane then. The Marine Corps was 128 years old when the first plane flew. Now the Marine’s Hymn goes “In the air, on land, and sea.”
Marine aviation began in a balloon in 1903, the same year the Wright brothers first flew. Alfred Cunningham, a 17 year old Marine private, took his first balloon ride then. When the Marine Corps turned to aviation in 1911, Cunningham became its first aviator. In 1916, he piloted the first plane to be catapulted from a warship.
In the present war the “Flying Leathernecks” made their glory at Wake Island. There 378 Ma- • rines held the island for 15 days against the Japanese navy, army and air forces. The Marines at Wake Island had only a small number of planes, but they held out as long as they could.
JOSEPHINE SLANSEK, age 17, Circle 26, Lodge 559,
4933 W. 24th St., Cicero 50, 111.
Drawn by Gene Balini,
age 11, lodge 738, Enumclaw, Wash.
MY FAVORITE OUTDOOR SPORT
It is really hard for me to decide which outdoor sport I like best, but I’ve come to the conclusion that playing softball is the one I prefer most of all, with swimming a very close second.
In the spring of the year, when the first strong rays of the sun begin to warm the cool, fresh breezes, the sight of a ball and bat makes me want to go out and mingle with other girls and boys in a good game of softball.
I like to compete against visiting teams (as is the custom at our school), and most of all I enjoy playing with a team of good sports, for after all, I play mostly for the fun and the excitement of the game.
It thrills me when the bases are loaded and the next batter takes his places at the home-plate. You never know what he will do until he does it—but, if you’re rooting for his side, I know exactly what you want him to do. You’re yelling for him to “knock one for a homerun”, and sure enough it does happen that way. The bat meets the ball squarelly and “crack”, it sails out over the fielder’s head. Finally three outs made and in trot the players of the opposing team come with the aim of doing something great. Well, sometimes they do and sometimes they don’t, but, as we all know, in the end one of the teams comes out the winner.
After the game is over, are we still friends? Why, certainly! In fact, we’re usually warmed up enough to want to cool off, so away we go for a swim in the little creek nearby that is lined With trees on both sides. And oh! how cool and refreshing we feel when we’ve had our dip. This brings to end my letter about the two outdoor sports I like best—softball and swimming.
ANNIE ČRETNIK, 17, lodge 24,
R. 2, Box 425, Ft. Smith, Ark.
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AMERICANISM—A BIG WORD
Te word “Americanism” deals with American customs and ideals and is looked up to by every person living in America. In reality Americanism pertains to words or phrases most used by the people of our country. The actual start of Americanism of speech was by John Pickering, who published a vocabulary of them in 1816. Even before this time, the people of America had begun to think and express themselves in their own individual way and created speech forms of their own.
The first vocabulary was divided into four classes. The first group contained entirely new
words such as peanuts, crazy, rubberneck and others. The next group was made up of words common in England, but to Americanize them we changed their meanings. Some of these words were corn, shoe and shop. The third group consisted of words not heard of in England like bay-window and catty-cornered. The trully American words were those borrowed from the Indians. Persimmon, skunk and prairie were a few of them.
The idea of Americanism came upon the early settlers as soon as they landed on American soil. Here they found many plants and animals that were unfamiliar to them and they promptly set about naming them. Some names they borrowed from the Indians, but in most cases they made up new names when there was a need for them. They also had to find names for new household articles.
The early settlers originated an everyday speech that could be used by everyone. Many early colonists were ignorant and slow, and so a simple speech had to be created in order to have cooperation and friendliness among people. Many made small mistakes that have stayed in our speech to this day. They mistook the American hare for a rabbit and so made them extinct, at least in name, by calling all of them rabbits.
Since there was little communication between the colonies and the mother country, England did not get to know of our new speech habits until they were well established. Many of the first colonists, among them such prominent men as Thomas Jefferson, John Marshall and even George Washington, were criticized for their speech habits by the English, but we still kept to our own ideas.
In time the people of America began to create better words than the English, words with more humor in them. Now American words are beginning to be used in England and American slang is creating quite a hit with the English people. In these djiys of war, it is right that the Americans and English have come to use this common speech without ridicule from either side.
NADA ZAGAR, 15, Lodge 137, Circle 2, 1111 E. 66th Street, Cleveland 3, Ohio.
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MEMORIAL DAY
Memorial Day is set apart as a legal holiday in most states of our country. The practice was first begun by bereaved southern women who, on a certain day each year, strew flowers on the graves of their soldier dead who fought in the Civil War. This beautiful custom has since become nationwide, and the celebration has been extended to include the honored dead of the Spanish-Amer-ican and World Wars.
General John A. Logan, Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic in 1868, designated May 30 as the day on which the graves of dead Union Soldiers should be decorated, and this date is now observed throughout the northern states. The appointed Memorial Day in Alabama, Florida, Georgia and Mississippi is April 26, while in North and South Carolina, the day is May 10th. The State of Tennessee observes Memorial Day on the second Friday in May, and
in Louisiana, Jefferson Davis’ birthday, June 3, was the original date, but is now April 26.
Memorial or Decoration Day (as it is very often called) is a day of dignified addresses, exercises, parades and the strewing and planting of flowers and shrubs in honor of the soldier dead.
WILLIE ČRETNIK, 13, Lodge 24, Ft. Smith, Arkansas.
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A HAPPY DAY
I woke up one shining morn Expecting it to be gray;
But was surprised, the sun had worn All yesterday’s clouds away.
The sky was high and very blue Not even was there a spot;
That was the day meant to do The things I like a lot.
Do you know what day that was—
That day so bright and sunny?
It was the day my dog Fuz Gave birth to pups so funny.
DOLORES RECSER, age 13, lodge 321, Circle 31, 2495 Burton St., Warren, Ohio.
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MOST EXCITING EXPERIENCE
My mother and I were visiting my uncle who lives in the country. One evening before bedtime, I sat on the floor and played with Curley, the dog. He was then still a puppy and very playful and friendly. Soon it was time for everyone to go to bed.
During the night, I was awakened by something wiggling. At first I thought it was my mother. I called her, but got no answer. Reaching out to touch her, I felt something soft and furry. I jerked my hand quickly and lay very still. The thing kept wiggling closer as though it wanted to cuddle. It was dark in the room and, suddenly, it seemed I was able to remember all the stories about wild animals I had ever heard. I was so scared, I couldn’t move.
At this point mother awakened and said to me, “Stop wiggling so.” I could hardly talk, but managed to say it wasn’t me that was doing the wiggling. Again silence, followed, a little later, by more wiggling. By then mom must have been as worried as me.
Just then Aunty Rose stuck her head in the doorway and, turning on the lights, asked, “What’s all the commotion about?”
Mother and I looked to see what had awakened
Drawn by Olga P. Vidmar, age 17, lodge 94, 2225 Bott Ave., Colorado Springs, Colo.
us and there lay Curly, looking. at us with his big friendly eyes. Aunty Rose tried to take him off the bed, but he clung to the blankets. Finally, all three of us pushed him off the bed.
We all had a good laugh about it in the morning, but mother and I still remember how frightened we had been over our strange bedfellow. It was really an exciting experience.
ROB ANN SANNEMANN, age 9, 26'41 S. Millard Ave., Chicago, 111. Lodge 559, Circle 26.
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POEM ABOUT GEOGRAPHY
Maine is an island in Asia,
France is a river in Spain,
Cocoanuts grow on a mountain of snow, Deserts are covered with rain;
China is bordered by Norway,
Texas is south of Peru,
Russia is a sea and Vermont is a tree,
I adore knowledge, don’t you?
Crocodiles come from Chicago,
Silver is mined in a mill,
Grass is quite rare,
The equator is square,
Utah is east of Brazil.
Kansas is full of volcanoes,
Switzerland’s right on the coast— Knowledge, you see, simply fascinates me,
I love geography most.
JOSEPH GEROVAC, 11, lodge 323, Box 82, Marenisco, Mich.
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MOTHER'S DAY OBSERVANCE
A day set apart every year, in honor of Motherhood, is the second Sunday in May. The wearing of a carnation, white for the dead and colored if one’s Mother is living, is the visible manifestation of the event which is further celebrated by appropriate affairs and programs, and by family reunions. Mother’s Day is becoming increasingly significant with each passing year.
Drawn by Rosemary Panyan, age 16, lodge 314, 413 Woodbridge Ave., Buhl, Minn.
The day was first suggested in 1907 by a Miss Anna Jarvis of Philadelphia at a public meeting. She crystalized the sentiment now back of its observance with the words: “In honor of the best Mother that ever lived—your Mother.”
Both 'houses of Congress passed a resolution on May 10, 1913, commending the observance of Mother’s Day by Congress and the Executive departments of the government. The following year, Congress authorized the President of the United States to set aside, by annual proclamation, the second Sunday in May as Mother’s Day. The American flag is displayed on all government buildings on this day and on many private homes throughout the country.
ANNIE ČRETNIK, 17, lodge 24,
R. 2, Box 425, Ft. Smith, Ark.
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PITTSBURGH
Pittsburgh is an important manufacturing city in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. It’s population in 1942 was estimated at 689,159 people and is the second city in size in the state. It has several parks, the two best known being Schenley and Highland Parks. Pittsburgh also has a number of institutions of higher learning, among them the University of Pittsburgh, Carnegie Institute of Technology, Duquesne University and the Pennsylvania College for women.
Pittsburgh is the principal center of the iron and steel manufacturing industry in the United States. It has some of the largest blast furnaces in the world. Here are located manufacturers of locomotives, cars, rails, boilers, glass, stoves, machinery, copper ware, pottery, clothing, etc. It lies in the center of a rich coal field.
The export trade of Pittsburgh is vast, especially in iron and steel. In the early history of the country, it was engaged in the French and Indiana Wars. The first steamboat on the western rivers was launched at Pittsburgh.
Source: Funk and Wagnall Enc.
ANNA MAE MUFFLEY, age 13 R. D. No. 3, Box 210 Johnstown, Pa.
Circle 47, Lodge 82 (An Exciting Experience in 1943)
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BELOKRAJNSKA PESEM
Ster urea mi odbije, se ’m srce veseli; moj fantič k men’ pride, se m’ sabelca svetli.
“Usedi se, usedi se, na mojo desno stran; da mi boš povedau, kaj je vojaški stan.”
“Jest bi ti povedau, ko bi vedu, da sem sam; al’ žiher mi verjameš, da druz’ga ne poznam.”
Poslala VIRGINIA STONICH, stara 16 let, članica društva 21 SNPJ, Pueblo, Colorado.
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A WIENER ROAST ON A RAINY DAY
My most exciting experience in 1943 happened during the month of August, the day our Juvenile Circle “Youth of America” held a wiener roast. It had rained all morning and part of the afternoon, but when the members saw the sun co”.e out at around three o’clock, they all rushed over to Mrs. Bricely’s (Circle Manager) home and insisted that we go on our wiener roast. At first she thought it would be too wet but, after some persuasion, agreed to take us.
At four-thirty in the afternoon, I and three other boys went ahead of the crowd to gather wood for the fire. We had a hard time finding dry wood, but managed to get enough. Mrs. Bricely and the rest of the members, accompanied by Miss Vidrick, arrived about six o’clock. We played games for an hour or so in the dance hall on the park grounds, and then decided it was time to build a fire. It rained a little while we roasted the weiners, but no one paid any attention to it because it soon quit. After that we went to the dance hall again and played more games.
When the hands of the clock pointed to nine-thirty, it was decided to call it an evening. We started out for home, but didn’t get very far before the rain began to pour down. Back to the dance hall we ran, and then it started to thunder and streaks of lightening raced across the sky. The roof leaked badly, so we all huddled in bunches where it wasn’t leaking. And that wasn’t all for the caretaker next turned out the lights and there we sat in the dark. Some of the children got scared and screamed when the lightening flashed, so we began to sing songs to forget about it.
(Continued on inside back cover)
Our Own Juvenile Circles of the S. N. P. J.
Send all your questions and requests for your Juvenile Circles to Bro. Michael Vrhovnik, Director of the SNPJ Juvenile Dept., 2657 S. Lawndale Ave., Chicago, 111. He has been elected the Director of Juvenile Circles and your Advisers should keep in touch with him.
'I Oin/vln/v Hliih in	same member, enter each on a separate
sheet of paper.
3. All name suggestions must be printed or typed and signed with the member's name, address, age and Lodge number (in ink).
4. Name suggestions can be either in Slovene or English.
5. All entries must be sent to the Secretary of the Cleveland SNPJ Federation, Mrs. Josephine Tratnik, 1116 E. 71 Street, Cleveland 3, Ohio. Mrs. JOSEPHINE TRATNIK.
*
JOLLY KANSAS CIRCLE REPORTS ACTIVITIES
The “Jolly Kansas” Circle No. 11 held its February meeting on the 6th of the month at the Casa Veechia Hall in Camp 50. The attendance was fair.
Our Juvenile Circle is active in getting new members to join the SNPJ. Dorothy Yoger, one of our active members, recently enrolled two new members, Jo Ann Poretta and Fred Bogina. I’m sure both will be of big help in promoting a better spirit within the Circle. We also had with us a visitor who we hope will join soon.
The Circle will participate in the May Day celebration to be held at Yale. A program has been arranged for this important event.
At the February meeting, a Valentine Party was held and everyone received valentines. It
juvenile ringing oiuu in
Cleveland Seeks Name
Offers Prizes of $15 and $10—Contest Effective to June 1st
A few months ago, a juvenile singing club, consisting of members of the SNPJ, was organized by the Cleveland SNPJ Federation. At the present time there are approximately 70 members enrolled in the club.
As yet this organization of juvenile singers has not been given a name. Therefore, the Cleveland Federation is sponsoring a contest for the readers of the Mladinski List to help select a suitable name for the group.
Two prizes are offered—$15 for first place and $10 for second. There is no limit as to number of names one may suggest. The name will be chosen by the committee in charge and all entries must be in by JUNE 1, 1944. The winners will be announced in the August issue of the Mladinski Lisf.
RULES:
1. All participants must be SNPJ Juvenile members.
2. If more than one suggestion is made by the
was fun opening and seeing what kind of valentines each one received. During the meeting a motion was made and discussion held on whether the Circle should have a cake walk or a pie supper or both. A committee of five members was elected to make further plans; they are Dorothy Yoger, Jo Ann Poretta, Frances Kumer and Frances Ales.
The entertainment Committee read jokes and riddles. Prizes were won by Betty Ales, Rose Burger, Lucy Kumer, James Ales and Jo Ann Poretta. The meeting was adjourned and refreshments were then served. Best regards to all.
FRANCES SLANSEK, Secretary Franklin, Kansas. Lodge 187, Circle 11.
*
HOW TO INFLUENCE NON-MEMBERS TO JOIN
Every loyal member of our Juvenile Circles should influence friends to join the SNPJ during the year of 1944.
Tell your friends at school about the good times you have at your meetings and at your lodge picnics and dances. Tell them that for the small sum of 18 to 25 cents a month one can get very good insurance, as well as be entitled to attend all the gatherings of the Circle.
It is easy to get new members. I have made it my New Year’s resolution to enroll as many new members as possible; so far, I have brought in two, Jo Ann Poretta and Fred Bogina. After visiting our February meeting, where they enjoyed themselves very much, they decided to join.
Do you want to be a loyal Juvenile Circle member? You can have the satisfaction of knowing that you are doing something helpful to the SNPJ if you try to influence your classmates at school to attend your Circle meetings as visitors. After visiting your meeting they will see what a lot of fun they have been missing by not joining the Circle sooner.
DOROTHY YOGER,
R. R. 3, Box 162, Girard, Kansas.
*
VERONIAN JUNIORS CIRCLE NO. 15
VERONA, PA.—The Veronian Juniors, Circle No. 15, hold their meetings every first Thursday of the month at seven o’clock in the evening.
On February 14, we had a Valentine Cupid Exchange Party. Many juvenile members attended this affair. Almost every Thursday, we meet at the Verona High School gym for games of basketball, etc. Our newly elected Vice-President for 1944 is Angie Bursic.
Writing letters to the servicemen of the Veronian Servicemen’s Honor Roll was taken up and started at the monthly meeting on March 2. The members on the letter-writting committee are as follows: Eleanor Upvall, Angie Bursic, Catherine Suschevich, Mary Tomazich, Dolly Youk, Mary Budich and Tillie Doles.
Congratulations to Mary Tomazich and Catherine Suschevich for the wonderful write-up in the Juvenile Circle Section of the Prosveta. Now that you’ve seen the results of beginners, let’s all start to write to the M. L. and Prosveta. Come on, Veronians! Let’s do our part like all the others and tell the rest of the Circles about our
activities. There are many things we can write about in every season of the year. Let’s all get together and help win this war on the “home front,” as well as the war on the “battle front.” TILLIE DOLES, Secretary Circle 15, Lodge 680
*
SHARON TO CELEBRATE 5TH ANNIVERSARY
We shall start this article by telling you of our past experiences. A few years back the Circle went camping. We enjoyed ourselves very much, but, unfortunately, one of our most active members was hurt. However, luck was with her and in time health was again restored.
During the time of the 12th Regular SNPJ Convention at Pittsburgh, our Singing Club was invited to give a performance at the Slovene Home. The entire program was very successfully presented. We also went to Sygan, a few miles out of Pittsburgh, and to Bessemer. We recall a great many activities which our Circle and the Singing Club experienced, but it would take pages and pages to write about them.
At the present, the Circle is busy making the final arrangements for its 5th Anniversary dance at the Slovenian Home on May 13. We hope to have a large crowd for a program will also be given. Michael Vrhovnik, the Juvenile Director, will be with us as the guest speaker. The presidents of several lodges will be present to say a few words. It will be an imporant event in the history of Circle 21. The following day a banquet will be served and movies shown, this followed by dancing.
We hold our meeting every third Sunday of each month and our dues are five cents per member. Speaking of members, we have two new ones in our group. A few of the members have reached their 18th birthday and have joined the Keystoner’s Lodge, while the boys of service age have gone off to help win this war. We are backing the attack by buying War Bonds and entertaining servicemen. Our next meeting will be held on May 21. All members are urged to attend. We would like to have Pen Pals.
FRANCES LUIN, Sec’y,
1112 Beechwood Ave., Farrell, Pa.
ELEANOR ZAGGER, Treas., 969 Cedar Ave., Sharon, Pa.
*
"JOLLY JUVENILES" MEET AND HAVE FUN
At the last monthly meeting of the “Jolly Juveniles,” Circle No. 24, only thirteen members were present. This is a poor attendance considering the large membership. All members are again urged to please attend the next meeting.
Christine Stritar, one of our Advisers, brought a quiz-book to the meeting. We went around the table four or five times answering questions. Next we chose songs and sang them. We also had a kind of question board from which numbers were punched. On the back of the board, opposite each number, were instructions telling you what to do or say. For instance, if you punched out the number 8, that required you to name a movie star whose name begins with the
letter “S.” Each number called for something different. We also recited .advertisements heard over the radio.
Still another game was played and this, I thought, was the most fun. Each player wrote a question on a piece of paper; on another piece was an answer. Then all questions and answers were collected separately. Sides were chosen and the questions and answers passed out to the players. Then a player on one side asked a player on the other his question; the other gave his answer. In each case, the player who gave the answer asked his question next. This game is a great deal of fun, especially, if there are at least ten players.
I will close now hoping that members not only of our Circle in Waukegan, but all over the country, will form the habit of attending meetings more regularly.
JULIE VALENČIČ, age 12 Waukegan, Illinois
#
PIONEER JUVENILE CIRCLE NO. 27
Our Juvenile Circle had a Valentine Party at the February meeting. We played games and each member received a valentine and were served a nice lunch. I try to attend meetings every month, in fact, I haven’t been absent from one since I joined the Circle almost a year now.
Soon the warm days of spring will be here, and I know we will have more hikes and swimming parties, not to forget a wiener roast like the one we had last year. The Circle continues to grow for each month we have a few new faces around at the meetings. This is my third contribution to the Mladinski List and, if I’m not mistaken, this will entitle me to a gold Junior SNPJ Victory pin. (Right you are, Rudy, and we’ll see that you get one soon—Ed.).
RUDY OKLESSON, Circle 27 Strabane, Pa.
*
MORE NEWS FROM JUVENILE CIRCLE NO. 21
SHARON, PA.-—Our Juvenile Circle in the past traveled to other places to entertain, but for some time now, because of gas and tire rationing, we have been forced to give up our trips and present programs entirely for hometown audiences. We enjoy doing this just as much as ever.
We are now planning to have a May festival in honor of our Circle’s 5th Anniversary. As our main speaker, we will have the Juvenile Director, Michael Vrhovnik, from Chicago; other local officers will also speak. This is going to be a two day affair with a lot of celebration. On Saturday, May 13, we will present a program in which our Chorus will sing, speakers will be heard and, later in the evening, we will have a dance. The orchestra will be led by Jack Persin. On the following day, we are going to have a banquet in the afternoon, and after that we are going to have more dancing.
We had an exciting event at a local affair last fall. It was held for the benefit of the Community Fund. There our Chorus sang a number of songs and danced to Slovenian music. In February the Circle had a Valentine Party. The hall
JEAN KIRK, who resides at 220 Stockholm street, Brooklyn, N. Y., will be thirteen on October 7th. Her light brown hair, fair complexion, light blue-green eyes, her height of four feet, ten and one-half inches with weight of 89 pounds, constitute an attractive young lady. At the present time she is attending Junior High School and is in the first half of her eighth year. Her favorite subjects at school are English and Literature. She collects pictures of screen stars as a hobby. When she completes her education, she expects to enter the business world and attempt to reach her ambition which is to be a private secretary.
Jean is a charter member of the “Junior All Americans” and has taken part in every plan presented by the circle, thus far. During the year 1943, she served as a recording secertary and this year was elected reporter. She enjoys reading the Mladinski List and just loves to go on one day trips and outings with her friends to parks, museums, etc. Her contributions to this magazine have been few to date, but she has acquired many pen pals to whom she writes regularly.
She has traveled as far as Point Marion, Penna, and spends many week-ends at Union City, New Jersey, with her grandmother. Spring is her favorite season of the year, and she also claims she prefers the month of December because of Christmas. At leasure she plays school with her neighborhood friends. The sports which particularly fascinate her are skating and swimming. She aften helps mother with the light housework. She has one younger sister, who is also a member of the Circle and will be interviewed at a later date.
was nicely decorated with red, white and blue crepe paper from which were hung hearts of many sizes. An enjoyable crowd was present.
Our Manager, Frances Novak, received a letter from Sygan inviting our group to give a per-
formance there. She and her younger sister, Mildred, sing on Jack Persin’s program every Sunday at 4:30 our time and 3:30 Ohio time. The Station is WRRN.
PATSY & HELEN O’KORN, ages 11 and 12.
#
ROUNDUP CIRCLE NO. 28 HAS BUSY MEETING
The regular meeting of the Junior Harmonizers was held on March 12. In the absence of the president, John Goodinbour was appointed to fill the office temporarily. The minutes of the previous meeting were read and approved. The treasurer reported a balance of $26.19 in the treasury of the Circle.
A number of important matters was discussed. The members were asked to bring pictures of themselves to be sent to the M. L. A committee was appointed to plan a hike. An Easter Party was held on the regular meeting date, Sunday, April 2, at 3 o’clock. And we had sandwiches, cocoa, candy, ice cream an cake. The entertainment committee was instructed to meet once more to further discuss and plan the details. It was also decided that some of the girls will collect waste fats during the month. After a brief discussion was had on getting a new hall for our meetings, the meeting was adjourned.
JOAN FINCO, Sec’y Box 986, Roundup, Montana
*
BROOKLYN JUVENILE CIRCLE INTRODUCES A PLAN
BROOKLYN, N. Y.—It seems that the “Junior All Americans” have another plan up their sleeve. This time the atttempt is to have each member of Juvenile Circle No. 50 feel like a celebrity at one time or another during the y_ear. This new idea was proposed at one of the recently held monthly meetings. After some careful consideration and discussion, the plan was accepted and is hereby Presented.
We feel our friends, the readers of the Mladinski List, would like to become more intimately acquainted with the members of Circle 50 here in Brooklyn, New York. Therefore, two reporters were elected who will interview one boy and one girl member each month and obtain a picture which will appear in the Mladinski List alongside the written report. The two reporters for the year are Jean Kirk and Mildred Padar. So that you will be in a position first to acquaint yourselves with this special committee of two, I have started the ball rolling by interviewing these girls.
We hope that this plan will meet with your interest in us as a circle, and also create a greater interest in the reading of and in the contributions to the Mladinski List.
If other circles, situated throughout the country, feel this would make the Juvenile Circle section of the M. L. more interesting, we will be more than honored to have them adopt this idea.
The charter members will be the first to be interviewed, followed by other members in the order °f their acceptance into the SNPJ and the circle.
JENNIE H. PADAR, Mgr.
INDIANAPOLIS JUVENILE CIRCLE NO. 43 REPORTS
The regular monthly meeting of Circle No. 43 was held on March 5th. The new President, Clara Canalas, called the meeting to order. Many important things were discussed. We are sending out postcards to all members as a reminder of the place and date of the meeting and requesting them to attend.
New officers chosen for 1944 are—Clara Canalas, President; John Klarich, Vice-President; Esther Canalas, Secretary; Dorothy Powell, Rec. Secretary; and Frank Golob, Treasurer. Meetings are held every second Sunday of the month at 1 P. M.
We have started a War Stamp book and, so far, we have approximately $3.00 worth of stamps in it. The Circle also received a donation of $5.00 from the Adult Lodge. It was decided that each month one of the officers of the Circle will contribute an article to the Mladinski List. We have noticed in recent issues that a number of new members have been writing for the M. L.—Keep up the good work.
DOROTHY POWELL, Rec. Sec’y 710 N. Holmes Ave., Indianapolis, Indiana
•
HARMONIZER JRS. HAVE PARTY
During the Juvenile Membership Campaign, it was agreed to have a contest between the girls and boys of our Circle to see who would secure the most new members.
Having lost the contest, the girls, consequently, had to treat the boys. This they did with cookies, jello and specially prepared buns. The boys also had the girls roll onions across the floor with their noses, and after that they were blind-folded and forced to eat “worms,” which turned out to be nothing but cooked macaroni. The boys got a little surprise, too; the buns had red pepper in them. They hesitated to eat them, but when they finally did, were they burned up!
We were pleasantly surprised when our Adviser, Lea Oset, gave us valentines and chocolate candy. We all thank her for the favors. With exception of six members, all were present and, I’m sure, everyone had a wonderful time.
ALBENA FINCO, age 13 Box 986, Roundup, Mont.
Circle 28, Lodge 700
*
Juvenile Circle No. 1 Section
By Members of Circle No. 1, Walsenburg, Colo.
Mrs. Edward Tomsic, Manager
The Pioneers, Circle No. 1, still hold their meetings each third of the month. After the minutes of the previous meeting were read and approved and no new business was brought up, the meeting was adjourned. We then played lotto and the winners received prizes. Joe Dernov-shek’s name was drawn for the 10c war stamp.
At school, in April, we are going to make kites and we are going to have a kite contest. The one that flys his kite the highest, will get a prize. At the end of the school term we are going to have a furniture contest. The things we make at school
will be exhibited and the judges will choose the best piece of furniture or novelties.
ALBERT DUZENACK, Circle 1.
*	* >;••
Here I am again writing to this fine magazine. We had our regular mnothly Circle meeting at the Mark’s Hall, and my name was drawn for the 10c war stamp.
It won’t be long now before school will be out.
I can hardly wait until spring comes so we can go fishing and do othei> things. In the summer I like to swim more than anything else.
At school, I am in the International Relations Club. We study about different people of different countries. We also have a very good basketball team called the Panthers.
#	* *
Circle No. 1 is still progressing as before. More members are attending the meetings and games are played at every meeting; we also have the jackpot. All in all, our Circle is doing very well.
Our 4th War Loan drive was very successful. We had a quota of $2,000 and exceeded it by more than $4,000. The students and the faculty went to the movies as a result of our successful bond drive.
We are buying war bonds and stamps primarily to help the government in the war effort and also to win the war more qucikly, so that the boys in the service can come home to stay.
VERNA MAE DUZENACK, Circle 1.
❖	* $
Once more I am writing to this wonderful magazine which I like to read. Through active participation in the M. L. “Our School for Victory” contest, our Circle won the first prize amounting to $37.00 in War Stamps. Half of this prize was put into the Circle’s treasury and the other half was distributed among the members.
At the school I attend, we have a lot of games to play. We dance, play shuffle-board, horseshoes, basketball, softball and volleyball. During the Fourth War Loan Drive, we were given a quota all of our own. This was set at $2,000 and we were promised a free show at the Fox Theatre if we succeeded in reaching the goal. We went far over the quota by raising over $4,000 and so got out of school and went to the show.
Our second quarter of school is going to end the third of March, then we will have exactly 12 weeks of school remaining. The school term will end on May 26. Since there isn’t anything else to do around here, I intend to work on a farm this summer. This concludes my letter for this month and close with best wishes to all.
DAVID ZORMAN, President.
*	* *
At the last Circle meeting, which was held on February 20, we were very fortunate to have two of our former members present, Edward and William Tomsic. Edward is going to a Navy school while William attends the Colorado School of Mines at Golden. Both boys are getting along fine.
In the early part of March, there is going to be a Red Cross drive and the goal for Walsenburg
is $11,700. Our town went over its goal in the Fourth War Loan Drive, and I hope it will go over the top for Red Cross, too.
The Red Cross organization is doing a wonderful job in seeing that our boys in service get some of the things they want. They receive books, magazines and games which furnish them with some recreation. When a troop train stops along the way, the Red Cross is often there to give each boy a little package of sweets or other nec-cessary items. So I think everyone should support the drive and make it a success. I will close for now, so best regards to all.
ELIZABETH DUZENACK, Secretary.
*	* #
Since there are not many who write for the M. L. from our Circle, I’ve decided to write a few lines this month. There are only a few girls who attend the meetings, because many of them are now working. The rest, of course, are boys.
I like going to school very much and am doing fine in all my subjects and hope to continue. There is one subject I don’t enjoy very much and that is reading library books assigned to the class.
In our Jr. C. D. A. Club, we are making scrapbooks for the soldiers. This group has a social every month at a different member’s house. We enjoy ourselves playing various games. Next summer we plan to go on hikes and stay away for several days at a time. I think that will be fun.
MILLIE ZORMAN, Circle 1.
Juvenile Circle No. 51 Section
Lodge No. 292, Avella, Pa.
Helen Ribarich, Mgr.
THE "UNITED AMERICANS" CIRCLE ACTIVITIES
It is our intention to have a section of this wonderful magazine devoted to our Circle in every issue. This month I have been chosen to make a report of our meeting and some of our activities.
The Circle’s meeting in March was very interesting although quite a few members were absent. The treasurer, Eddie Kaucic, reported that -we have $27.30 in our treasury as of Feb. 29, 1944. We were also informed that the senior lodge made a donation of $15.00 to the Circle, which the members greatly appreciate. The motion that we buy a record-player and some records was then passed.
Gloria Fratoni reported the standings of the Merit Chart. It was disclosed that Irene Cokel is leading with a total of 49 points, and Veronica and Gloria Tananicz are tied for second place honors each with 30 points to her credit. Another report, this on the bowling league, shows Team No. 1 on top with teams 4 and 5 tied for second place.
Plans for our first anniversary celebration are being made. During the summer, the girls are going to do handicraft work such as crocheting, embroidery, sewing, etc., under the instruction of our Manager. If they turn out well enough, we may have a bazaar and sell the things we will have made by then. The boys intend to do wood-carving and plane modeling. We will also have
on display the charter, merit chart, and awards received from time to time. There will be a program followed by refreshments and dancing. More details will be reported in a later letter.
We did not have our Valentine Party as previously planned, because our Manager was called away due to serious illness in the family, but since her return we had one instead, on St. Patrick’s Day, which was a big success. Everyone thought it was real fun to see Demetro Tananicz “walk the plank” right into a pan of water, he was sure wasn’t there. There were plenty of refreshments for everyone. I will close now as there are others who will report on Circle affairs.
ELEANORE ELONZAE, age 13.
*	* *
Well, here I am writing to this fine magazine and along with the letter am enclosing two drawings which, I hope, will be published. I was very much surprised to see my letters in the March issue of the Mladinski List and, of course, you can look for me to write again soon.
With a part of the $15 received from the senior lodge, the Circle recently bought a victrola. We certainly appreciate everything they have done for us and hope to have a real treat in store for them when we give our Parents’ Day program. I’ll close now by extending best wishes to all.
EDWARD KAUCIC, age 13.
*	* *
First of all I wish to thank the SNPJ for my Victory pin. I was surely glad to get it and promise to write as often as I can.
We had lots of fun at our sled-riding party last winter. We were glad we brought along the first-aid kit for it came in handy when Ronald Likar ran into a bush. It turned out that he sprained his wrist a little.
Here are a couple of safety first poems and a joke—I hope you like them.
Mistress Mary quite contrary,
How do you clean your clothes?
With gasoline and benzine
And I keep them away from stoves.
John was always careless,
He never watched his step;
He disobeyed the red light And died of a broken neck.
A man was pegging along the street with a walking stick several inches too tall for comfort. On meeting him, a friend said, “That’s a nice stick you have, but don’t you think you ought to have a few inches cut from the bottom end?” The owner answered, “That wouldn’t help; it’s this top end that is too high.” ELSIE RIBARICH, age 14.
Teacher: Can you tell me what makes petrified trees?
Pupil: The wind makes the trees rock.
An acre of performance is worth a whole world of promise.—W. D. Howells.
Juvenile Circle No. 47 Section
MOTHER HEN AND HER CHICKS
For three weeks mother hen sat on a nest of eggs. At last the little chicks broke the shells and came out. They are like little soft balls of cotton. Mother hen soon leads them out into the barnyard for their first meal. She shows them how to scratch in the ground for it. Of course, that isn’t all they get, for little chicks eat bread, cornmeal, and crushed grain.
JANET STROZAR, age 10 R. D. 3, Box 245 Johnstown, Pa.—Circle 47.
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STONEWALL JACKSON
Thomas Jonathan Jackson, an American soldier better known as “Stonewall” Jackson, was born at Clarsksburg, W. Va„ in 1824, graduated from West Point in 1846 and fought in the war against Mexico. He retired from the army in 1851 and became a professor at the Virginia Military Institute.
At the outbreak of the Civil War, he joined the Confederate side and commanded a brigade at the battel of Bull Run in 1861, where he gained his nickname of “Stonewall”. He fought many battles; lost and won, both. In one of his hard battles he received three wounds in his left arm. Pneumonia set in on the 7th day of May, 1863, and he died three days later.
Jackson was the idol of his troops and his power over men was justified as much by his soundness of judgment as his personal fearlessness. He was one of the ablest confederate commanders and possibly the greatest corps commander on either side of the Civil War.
Source—Funk and Wagnalls Encyclopedia.
ANNA MAE MUFFLEY, 13, Circle 47,
R. D. 3, Box 210, Johnstown, Pa.
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MOTHER PONY AND COLT
This is about a mother pony and her colt. When a pony is full grown, it is no larger than the very young colt of a horse. We have not always had Shetland ponies in our country, though there are many of them here now. A long time ago some ran wild in other countries just as horses ran wild in ours. Most ponies that children have today, originally came from Shetland Island. You often see them in circuses and parks where children pay to ride them. A colt can romp and play with its mother very soon after it is born.
DONALD CZERAK, 10, Circle 47, 374 Ohio St., Rr., Johnstown, Pa.
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PHILADELPHIA
Philadelphia is known as the city of “Brotherly Love” and “Quaker City”. It is the chief city of Pennsylvania and third in population and importance in the United States. It is situated on the Delaware River. The public building or city hall, one of the largest exclusively municipal buildings in the world, cost about $25,000,000. It is of
French renaissance style ?.nd is surmounted by a colossal statue of William Penn. At the head of the higher educational institutions is the University of Pennsylvania. Here also may be found many important medical colleges, among them the Jefferson, Hahneman, Polyclinic and that of the Pennsylvania University.
Source: Funk and Wagnalls Ency.
WILMA JEAN LAIDIG, 11, Circle 47, 480 Ohio St., Johnstown, Pa.
MYRA BENIGER Numbered among the more prominent juveniles in the Chicago area is Myra Beniger, who has been a member of the Pioneers, Lodge 559, for all but a few months of her twelve years. As an active member of Perfect Circle 26, she has participated in many outstanding programs and affairs, attends meetings regularly, and last year contributed several winning letters to the Mladinski List. Myra goes to Robert Burns School where she is a grade 7-A student with an excellent record to her credit. For the past two years she also devoted much time to the study of piano under Jasna Bijankini, and has appeared in a number of recitals, including one at Chicago’s
Music Hall. On several occasions she has displayed her talents as a pianist before SNPJ audiences and her renditions have pleased with each performance. Myra was brought up in an environment thoroughly SNPJ for both her mother and father are active in the Society’s work. Her mother was one of the organizers of the Pioneers, first English-Speaking Lodge of the SNPJ, of which she is now recording secretary while her father has been connected with the Official Organ as an assistant editor for the past 17 years.
MILDRED PADAR
Here we have Mildred Padar, the secretary of “JUNIOR ALL AMERICANS” who came into the world with the depression as she was born September 20th, 1929. She is the youngest of four children. She resides at 1676 Linden Street, Brooklyn 27, N. Y. Now at fourteen she is 5 feet 7 inches tall, weighs 123 pounds, has dark complexion, brown eyes and dark brown hair. In June, 1943, she graduated from Public School No. 81 and is at present attending her second half of her first year at Bushwick High School. Although she is on t'he school’s honor roll for scholarship, her favorite subject is Music and she loves to sing. Since entering she has been on the staff of her school paper, “The Bulletin”. Her hobby is writing letters to her many pen pals attained through this magazine and friends in the services. Her ambition is to be a success in the business world as a good stenographer or secretary.
“Milly’s” name appears on t'he charter of Juvenile Circle No. 50 and has participated in many plays and taken the duties of “mistress of ceremonies” at all circle affairs. Mildred has received numerous awards during the last five years for her contributions to the M. L. and was awarded second prize among the juvenile contestants in the SNPJ campaign for the celebration of the 30th Anniversary of the organization of the Juvenile Department. The M. L. is her favorite magazine and s'he likes to read books on all subjects. Her personality can’t be beaten and, consequently, has many friends.
The months of July and August are the best for her because of her summer vacation, when she can indulge in her most desired sport—swimming. During much of her spare time Mildred helps mother by going to the stores and performing minor tasks at home. This year she has been also elected reporter, and she and Jean Kirk will continue with the interviews of the other members of Juvenile Circle No. 50.
OUR PEN PALS WRITE
RADIO PROGRAMS
Dear Edhor:—This is my fourth letter to this wonderful magazine. I hope to see this letter published in the April issue. My favorite radio programs are Henry Aldrich, Blondie, Lux Theater, etc.
There are twelve persons in our family and all are members of the SNPJ lodge 292. I would like to have more pen pals from any state. I study seven subjects in school. I will write more next time.—Irene Cokel (12), Box 312, Avella, Pa. (Circle 51)
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STUDENT BUS PASSES
Dear Editor:—Here, in Cleveland, we had a little trouble about t'he use of a 50c student pass. Several people wrote to the paper and complained about not getting seats on the bus and so they decided to limit the use of the pass only to certain hours. But then all the students started to write in to the mayor and the press. I, for one, wrote to the mayor and received a very nice letter from him in which he said he would try and do his best. Now we can use our pass till 5 o’clock at night and then we get ten extra rides.
At Sears’ we took inventory in January. This was my second time that I took inventory. It’s a lot of fun and I can hardly wait till we take it again. And that’s about all for now. My best regards to all.—Mary Knafelc, 13312 St. James St., Cleveland 11, Ohio.
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ETHEL LIKES HER NEW HOME
Dear Editor:—I 'have just received the ML and it surely was interesting. I also saw my letter in the Pen Pals Section. Thanks a lot.
I would like to say hello to all my friends and Pen pals. Theresa Turly, Josephine Cunjar, Bernice Zagar, Betty Zagar, Albena Finco, Betty Huntsburger, Greta Yough, Ann Vanasso, Jane Madden, and all others. And a special hello to little Ruth Ann and Jennie McMellvin.
I quit school because my Daddy passed away on Dec. 28, and my cousin died on Dec. 24. I am now staying at Mr. and Mrs. Eli Rebic at Petrolia, Pa. They really treat me swell. The Rebics have a son who is a captain in the Air Corps, stationed in England. We all are very proud of 'him. His name is John Rebic. I will send a picture of myself next time for I have so many requests for it. Mr. Eli Rebic has taken my father’s jobs of the
lodge. I usually go to all the lodge meetings. Best of luck to all.—Ethel Swilko, Box 35, Petrolia, Pa.
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OUR SALVAGE DRIVE
Dear Editor:—I hope this letter finds the SNPJ juveniles and the editor in the best of health and luck. I would also like to thank t'he SNPJ again for the one-dollar war stamp which I received for the achievement awards. I want to let you know that I appreciate it very much.
Our school had a tin can salvage drive. Our room collected 1,774 tin cans in January. I am still buying war bonds and stamps. I am enclosing a snapshot of myself.—Tommy Gornick (12), 331 Third St., Trafford, Pa. (Lodge 629)
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HELLO TO MY PEN PALS
Dear Editor:—I finally found time to write again. I want to say hello to all my pen pals who are so faithfully corresponding with me. I am glad that they aren’t getting into the habit of procrastination (delaying in answering letters).
I am trying to organize a Juvenile Circle in our community but so far I haven’t had any success. No one will cooperate. I guess I’ll have to give up my trying. Best regards to all.—Louise Bricelli (15), Box 27, Lawrence, Pa. (Lodge 245)
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HER FIRST ML COPY
Dear Editor:—I have just received my first ML copy and I find it very interesting. I was surprised to find my first letter in it. I enjoy reading the letters and poems that other juveniles write and I will try to write often.
Our Circle 31 has ordered club sweaters and I can hardly wait until they arrive. They are going to be dark maroon and yellow.
I would like to have some pen pals. I am 13 years old.—Dolores Recsa, 2495 Burton St., Warren, Ohio. (Lodge 321)
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MY VICTORY PIN
Dear Editor:—I am again writing to this fine and popular magazine. I want to thank the SNPJ for the Victory pin I received recently. I was very surprised to receive the pin, and if everyone continues to write to the ML they will also get a Victory pin as lovely as mine. It makes me proud to wear it, and I am proud to be an SNPJ member.
My birthday was on Feb. 2. I am enclosing my
picture and I hope it’ll be published. Best regards to all.—Agnes Kovacic (15), Box 205, Midway, Pa. (Lodge 89)
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HAS 500 CARDS
Dear Editor:—Once again, I am writing to this splendid magazine. My post-card collection is coming along fine. I have about 500 now. I have also started a new hobby, which is collecting bottles of all sizes and shapes. This hobby is proving to be very interesting.
I am sending in a story which I consider to be my most unusual experience, and I hope it’ll be published in the April issue of t'he M. L. I am also sending in a couple of drawings which, I hope, will also be published in the April issue of the Mladinski List.
In conclusion I wish to say hello to everyone.— Olga Pauline Vidmar (17), 2225 Bott Ave., Colorado Springs, Colo. (Lodge 94)
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MY NEW PEN PAL
Dear Editor:—Since my last letter I have a new pen pal, Geraldine Reinhardt. I still wish to have pen pals from Maryland an4 Rhode Island. So far I have three pen pals from Wisconsin. Wisconsin surely likes to write. Well, Minnesota, get to work and show Wisconsin we can write.
I hope everybody gets to work and buy as many extra war bonds and stamps as they can. After all, our brothers and relatives are doing the fighting and only one thing they can ask for is to buy bonds and stamps.
I am closing with best regards to all.—Mary Jean Kosmerl (14), Star Rt. 3, Box 319, Hibbing, Minn. (Lodge 125)
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STILL BUYING BONDS
Dear Editor:—I am trying to keep up my writing to this fine magazine every month. It seems to me that every month the size of the ML increases. I wish more boys and girls from Wyoming would write, and I would still like to have more pen pals. I would surely appreciate a letter from Maine, Rhode Island, Texas, Georgia, or Wisconsin. There doesn’t seem to be many letters from those places.
My favorite movie actresses are Paulette Goddard, Susan Haywood, and Veronica Lake. My favorite movie actors are John Wayne, Alan Ladd, and Tim Holt.—We have been winning most of our basketball games lately. Our team is called the Rangers. By the time this letter is published the basketball tournament will be over.
Our school, like many others, is still buying bonds. I hope the war will soon be over bringing the boys home safe and victorious.—Margaret Turley (13), Box 545, Kemmerer, Wyo. (Lodge 267)
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ANNIE IS GRATEFUL
Dear Editor:—As I am writing this letter, I can see that we’re going to have some nice weather and certainly spring is not far away.
First of all, I do want to thank the SNPJ for the five dollars in war stamps I won. I can now
say I’ve won a bond from the ML this year. I am very glad and proud that there is such a fine magazine to write to. Thanks a million for the stamps.
We senior girls have played five games of basketball and have won all so far, and our boys have won, too. Luck is really with us this year. In closing I want to say many thanks again for all the stamps I’ve won.—Annie Čretnik (17), R. 2, Box 425, Ft. Smith, Ark. (Lodge 24)
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"FROM COVER TO COVER"
Dear Editor:—This is my second letter to this fine magazine. I was happy to find my first letter published. My sister, Jessie Lee, is writing her first letter. When we received our Mladinski List, she had me read it to her from cover to cover.
I would like to have some pen pals between the ages of 13 and 15. Our report cards have come out and I got very good grades. It has been snowing out here for three weeks. We have three feet of snow. I will close now, trying to remember to write every month. Regards to all.—Mary Ann Bell, Columbia, Utah.
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GLORIA'S "THIRD"
Dear Editor:—This is my third letter to the ML and I enjoy writing very much. I also enclosed a couple of articles and I hope they are published.
I saw Annie Cretnik’s picture in the January issue and she looks just like my cousin Annie up in Racine, Wis.—In school we bought a jeep and are buying another one. Before I close I wish to say hello to all my pen pals, and I wish more girls or boys would write to me. Regards to all. —Gloria Krilzer (13), 4542 Joliet Ave., Lyons, 111. (Lodge 270)
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AMELIA KNITS
Dear Editor:—I am writing now for the month of April. I have an article about James Madison. At school we learned to knit and I’m going to knit a scarf. My sister is going to knit a scarf, too. My teacher, Mrs. Camilla Rippy, is knitting a sweater; it is goin to be beautiful when she gets it done. Well, I guess I’ll close until next time. Best regards to all.—Amelia Čretnik (10), R. 2, Box 425, Ft. Smith, Ark.
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HER BROTHER'S OVERSEAS
Dear Editor:—I wish you would forgive me for not writing sooner, but I was so busy with my homework.
I have a brother overseas in the Southwest Pacific. He was in contact with the enemy and had to live in foxholes. We all hope that the war will end soon.
We have a new teacher; her name is Mrs. Long. I am in the seventh, grade. My subjects are English, arithmetic, spelling, history, reading and health. I like school very much. We are selling stamps in our school and we have many bonds. I would like to have pen pals from all states. Regards to all.—Zita Mileta (12), Box 175, Brilliant, New Mexico. (Lodge 297)
KNITTING IN SCHOOL
Dear Editor:—At our school, some girls, and boys, too, learned to knit. The teacher showed us how to knit. I can knit a little, but not as well as I would like to. My teacher, Miss Johnson, knitted four sweaters recently.
I want to thank the SNPJ again for sending me the $2 in war stamps. I received a war bond from my sister who is in Chicago. It was a birthday gift. Best regards.—Mildred Čretnik (12), Rt. 2, Box 425, Ft. Smith, Ark. (Lodge 24)
SEEKS PEN PALS
Dear Editor:—This is my second letter to the M. L. I haven’t any pen pals as yet, but I would like to get some soon. I have a nice girl friend, Agnes Kavcic, a regular conrtibutor to the M. L. I have a brother in the Army Air Corps, Miami Beach, Florida. I 'hope I can win an SNPJ victory pin. Best regards to all. (Ed. note: Please write on onse side of the paper only. Thank you.)— Beryle Lepro, Box 72, Midway, Pa. (Lodge 89)
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OUR MINUTE MAN FLAG
Dear Editor:-—Our school is accomplishing a great deal in the present war bond drive. We’ve been earning the Minute Man flag ever since September and we are still keeping our record.
Our basketball team is pretty good in spite of the good players that are now in service. We've won every league game.—I wish to thank Georgia Plese and Marie Gunter for the lovely gifts and souvenirs they sent me. Regards to all.—Caroline Tauzelj (14), 1425 McKinstry St., Detroit 9, Mich. (Lodge 518)
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SHE IS STILL WRITING
Dear Editor:—Just a line or two to let all ML readers know that I’m still writing to this beloved magazine. Recently, my uncle, Pfc. Albin A. Grilc, was visiting us here in W. Va. He came from North Africa. We are mighty proud of him. He also visited his parents and relatives in Jenny Lind, Ark.
We have a very good boys’ basketball team in Kingston. I would like to say hello to Grandfather and Grandmother Grilci Best regards to all ML readers.—Ernestine Močivnik (16), P. O. Box
47,	Kingston, W. Va.
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TEACHER LIKES THE ML
Dear Editor:—I wish to thank the SNPJ for the nice Victory pin I’ve received quite some time ago. We in Cleveland and northern Ohio have a heavy blanket of snow several feet deep, the deepest snow in 20 years.
I want to say hello to my pen pals, Frances S. and Frances B. I hope my other pen pals would write. I showed the ML to my teacher, Mrs. Gates, and she said t'he ML gives us an opportunity to write to such a fine magazine. I am glad she said that because we are all proud to write to this fine magazine. Best regards to all.—Margaret Verbic (11), 18905 Arrowhead Ave., Cleveland, O. (Lodge 126)
HAS FOUR PEN PALS
Dear Editor:—Here I am writing to this fine magazine again, this being my third letter. I have four pen pals who write to this magazine and one who doesn’t write to the M. L. By the way, why doesn’t Mary Kordon write to me? We are buying war stamps at school. Best regards to all.—Betty Luzovich (11), Rt. 2, Greenwood, Wis. (Lodge 198)
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GOES TO NIGHT SCHOOL
Dear Editor:—Here I am writing again. I wish to say hello to all of my pen pals and hope to write to all of them soon. I am going to night school on Mondays and Wednesdays after work. I am taking up pattern making and the drafting of patterns (for dressmaking).
My uncle, who lives with us, was home on a three-day furlough from Camp Hood, Texas. He is in two years and eight months. One of our SNPJ members, Frank Furlan, is now in service. His home town is Chisholm, Minn. He is stationed in Missouri.
Best regards to all of our fighting men hoping to see them all when they return home victorious.  June Kent (16), 19802 Arrowhead Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. (Lodge 614)
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WINS SNPJ AWARDS
Dear Editor:—This is my second letter this year to the M. L. First of all, I want to thank the SNPJ for the Victory pin, the war stamps and for t'he certificates ob honor and merit that I received. It isn’t every day that a person wins a prize, so I’ll try to work harder this year.
I am happy to say that on Jan. 26, I passed from 9B to 9A. My present subjects are biology, English, electric shop and algebra. So far, I’ve done very good work in all except biology, but I expect to remedy this situation.
The month of January has been a fairly warm one for Milwaukee, on Jan. 26 being 60° above zero. Early in February, however, it turned cold. In closing, I wish to say that I would like to have some pen pals.—Michael Ruppe Jr. (14), 728 W. Walker St., Milwaukee 4, Wis. (Lodge 192)
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WE ENJOY READING THE M. L.
Dear Editor:—Here I am again writing to this fine magazine. Spring is here and the birds are singing again. I have two more uncles in the service. One, Pete, is in the Navy, and George is in the Army. Uncle Mike is somewhere in England. He had a furlough and went to London to spend it.
I haven’t told you that I am working in a bakery shop. My friend Stella Polojac and I work after school. I slice about five hundred bread loaves a night. Stella puts the bread into bags. It’s a lot of fun.
Last month’s ML was swell. My friends and I enjoyed it a lot. We take it to school, and enjoy reading the many interesting articles; of course, we laugh at the jokes and we like the puzzles in it. My best regards to all.—Mary Ann Rudich (14), 163 Baker St., Aliquippa, Pa. (Lodge 122).
WANTED: PEN PALS
Dear Editor:—I have quite a few pen pals and I wish more would write to me, both boys and girls. I received a letter from a girl, but lost it. I hope she isn’t angry at me.
Our Circle now has a new manager, Miss Josephine Cozzie. I wish we would have a program; we haven’t had one for a long time.
The. weather is undecided here. I wish summer would come. At school we play basketball, and I am a forward. Best regards to all.—Josephine Kosernilt, Box 199, Aguilar, Colo. (Lodge 381)
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A TRIP TO W. VA.
Dear Editor:—Another month is here and I write again to the M. L. For “Our School Contest,” my sister and I are both writing on the same subject: Our trip to W. Va. That was our most exciting experience in 1943.
I am proud to say I have my class ring of Kingston High School. It’s very nice and I really treasure it.
Our school has gone way up in selling war bonds. Mrs. Fletcher, my teacher, is sponsoring this.
I saw the film “Destination Tokio.” It was a good film and brought the war closer to us all. Best luck to all.—Ernestine Močivnik (16), Box 47, Kingston, W. Va. (Lodge 24.)
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ALL FOR SCHOOL VACATION!
Dear Editor:-—I am now finding time to write again to this fine juvenile magazine. Everyone here is happy that school will be out in another three months. Then vacation time will be here again, when children can sleep late in the morning, instead of getting up early and go to school.
A bunch of us girls found a new place to dance. It’s Masonic Temple, a new beautiful building in our now flood free city. I want to say “hello” to all my penn pals, especially to my newest pen pal Henry Antonin i. I remain a very proud member of the SNPJ.—Helen Pinelli (14), R. D. 3 Box 24, Johnstown, (Lodge 82.)
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IT WAS COLD!
Dear Editor:—Here I am again writing to such a swell magazine. Would have written much sooner, but time certainly flies.
It did not seem like winter to me. Here in Michigan we did not have much snow, but it surely was cold. The temperature sometimes dropped to thirty below zero. You could just imagine how cold it was.
Will close, hoping to get more pen pals. Best regards to all.—George Geravac (12), Box 83, Marenisco, Mich. (Lodge 323.)
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WILL WRITE MORE
Dear Editor:—Here I am, writing again. Was delighted to see my picture in the Feb. issue of M. L.; I also saw my letter.
Recently I saw the film “Destination Tokio” which was very good. Going to and coming from the show, we rode a truck and spent the afternoon in Oak Hill, W. Va. Although it was slightly cold, we did not mind but enjoyed ourselves.
I would like to see juvenile members of Lodge 24 write in the M. L. I am going to do this in every future issue, if possible. Best regards to all .—Georgie Močivnik (12), Box 7, Kingston, W. Va. (Lodge 24.)
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THEY SOLD WAR STAMPS
Dear Editor:—At our school, we, the seventh grade pupils, sold war stamps in the fourth War Loan campaign. I have a war bond and $12.50 in war stamps.
The ninth grade at Jenny Lind school gave a play entitled “Here Comes Hattie.”
My brother, who is stationed in California, is a corporal now. We were very proud of him. This is all.—Mildred Čretnik (12), R. 2, Box 425, Ft. Smith, Ark. (Lodge 24.)
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HOW ROTC WAS ESTABLISHED
Dear Editor:—The Reserve Officers Training Corps was established by Congress in 1862, during the Civil War, when it passed the Morrill Act. By this Act, Congress granted public land to each state which would establish colleges for the purpose to teach agriculture, the mechanical arts, and military training.
The Cadet Corps, however, was not known as the R.O.T.C., but as the “land grant colleges” which produced many fine officers for the army. World war I created a great demand for highly trained officers, and also enlarged and improved the R.O.T.C. by the National Defense Act.
The purpose of the R.O.T.C. is to qualify students for positions of military leadership, but that is not its sole aim. It also teaches citizenship, precision, orderliness, discipline and respect for authority.
There are branches of the R.O.T.C. The Junior R.O.T.C. functions in the high schools, the Senior in the colleges. When a student finishes a four year Senior R.O.T.C., he is eligible for a commission in the army.—William Kovacic (16), 420 N. Noble st., Chicago. (Lodge 86, Circle 26.)
ALWAYS TELL THE TRUTH
Dear Editor:—This is my second letter to the M. L. Today	when	I came from	school, I	found
the M. L. on	the table. First I	looked if	there
were an article or letter from our Circle, and read some articles, stories and poems. Today I read about “Our School for Victory” contest rules. So I have decided I would participate in it, and here is my article.
In September 1943 my father brought home in his car a	dozen	sewer pipes	and put	them
in the garage.	Next	day I moved	those pipes and
broke one and hid it. I was so scared what my dad would say that for two days I could not even eat, nor could I work in school.
Two days later my father asked my mother who broke the pipe and called me out. I answered but did not go out at once; then he called again and I went to him. He asked me who broke the pipe. I did not answer and was ready to cry; he asked me again and I told him I did when I moved it.
“Sit on the bench,” said my father. “Frankie,
whenever you do something wrong, don’t try to hide it but tell the truth how it happened.”
After that I decided from now on I shall always tell the truth. I learned that this is the best way. This is my most exciting experience in 1943.—Frank M. Zigman (9—grade 4), Box 221, Strabane, Pa. (Circle 19).
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HOCKEY AND SCHOOL
Dear Editor:—Am writing again to this fine magazine, keeping up my promise. The hockey tournaments were held in Virginia Sat., Feb. 19. I went to them at 1 o’clock and came home at 10:30. In the semi-finals, Eveleth beat Sparta, and Virginia lost to Takinite. Eveleth defeated Takinite in the finals by 9 to 3.
Well, I passed the first semester and am doing pretty good in the second. I worried about my English, though, but I passed with a 78. Now I am taking public speaking. Today, we did a pantomime—acting without words. Three of us played “Fool without Props.” Next we gave a dramatic play. We also have round table discussion and last we go on the public address system.
We got a batch of new rabbits the other day; we now have 20 or 22.—Jacob Kokaly (15), 715 No. Court st., Eveleth, Minn. (Lodge 69, Circle
48.)
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HAVE MANY SOLDIERS
Dear Editor:—I am sending in a poem about Geography which I hope will be published in the M. L.
There are many soldiers stationed here. You can always see them in town, although most of them are supposed to be here on maneuvers. They are ski troopers. Many of them were here also last year about this time but they belonged to a different regiment.
We did not have much skiing here this (last) winter. Most of us went skiing at the indoor rink in Wakefield which is only 14 miles from here. We also go to shows there, since we have none here.
Well, here’s hoping for more pen pals in the future. Best regards to all.—Joseph Geravac
(10), Box 83, Marenisco, Mich. (Lodge 323).
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ENJOYS THE "MLADINSKI LIST"
Dear Editor:—Here I am again writing to this wonderful magazine. I want to tell you I certainly enjoy the “Mladinski List.” My girl-friends always ask me if they can read it.
I think my friend Loretta Hopkins is getting pretty well acquainted with Jakob Kokaly of Eveleth, Minn.
There certainly are not many writers in the M. L. from Michigan. Come all of you Michigan members, let’s show there are a lot of us in the North who belong to the SNPJ.
I have two new pen pals—Lorraine Boric and Ruth Chagenavich. I hope I get more pen pals, especially from New Mexico and California. Best regards to all members.—Catherine Geravac, Box 83, Marenisco, Mich. (Lodge 323.)
Sophie Hrast
A FAREWELL NOTE
Dear Editor:'—My work has kept me from writing my farewell letter to this swell magazine, but I finally found some spare time tonight, and decided that now was my chance to tell you how much fun I had writing to it, and the many friends I received from this Pen Pal section. Being transferred to the adult department, will not stop me from continuing to correspond with my many pen pals.
I am working in the teletype room at Merco Nordstrom Valve Company in Oakland. It’s very interesting work. I help take charge of the teletype machines which send out messages from state to state, concerning my company’s business. In order to be at work by eight, I have to be up before six every morning, and leave Hayward around six thirty.
The March issue of the Mladinski List just arrived today, and in it I noticed several of Rosemary Panyan’s drawings. You have plenty of talent, Rosemary. Keep up the good work.
There are still several of my pen pals I’ve promised pictures to, but nowadays it’s hard to get a hold of films, so I thought I would send a small picture with this letter and 'hope that it will be published.
Will close now wishing all newcomers to this magazine success, and hope they will get as much enjoyment writing to it as I did. Best regards to all.—Sophie Hrast, 18, 747 Laurel Avenue, Hayward, California.
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PLAYS BASS HORN
Dear Editor:-—This is my third letter to the M. L. I have nine pen pals—Tommy Gornick, Betty Luzonce, Christine Kolar, Joan Bennedict, Marge Kernick, Ed Petrie, Dolores Malnar, Frank Lekse, Donna Gostovich.
I play a bass horn in the school band, and we have about 30 songs. Also joined the Boy Scouts and do not have much time to write.—Joseph Jereb (11), North Irwin, Pa. (Lodge 63.)
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LIKES HER TEACHER
Dear Editor:—As I write (in school), we have plenty of snow in Wisconsin. I enjoy sledding and playing outdoor. I received many valentines this year. Thanks to all pen pals!
My birthday was on the 11th of March. Received $7 and finished my stamp book; now I have seven war bonds.
We had another paper drive in school and collected 4,500 lbs. For every 2,000 lbs. we got $2, which pays for trucking to the box car. My brother and I collected 200 lbs.
I hope to see many more letters in the M. L. from Wisconsin.
My teacher is Miss Calhoun, and I like her. Last year I had five teachers who taught for a short time. We have some new children in our
school. In geography, we are studying about South America.
Well, this will be all for this month. I remain a proud member of the SNPJ.—Dolores Malnar
(11), Willard, Wis. (Lodge 198.)
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LIKES TO WRITE
Dear Editor:—I am very happy I can write to this fine magazine. When I see my articles are published, I feel like writing more and more.
In the fourth war loan drive, the boys and girls at our school bought many bonds and stamps. They are also bringing in tin cans for our drive.
Everyone in our family belongs to the SNPJ lodge 269. My father has been its treasurer for 15 years and still is. I remain a proud member of the SNPJ.-—Gertrude Abramovich, R. D. F. 1, Box 135, Adah, Pa. (Lodge 269.)
WILL BECOME NURSE
Dear Editor:—This is my second letter to the M. L. There has been a misprint in my age. Last January 2, I was 17 years old.
I have received letters from a few pen pals which I answered promptly. I would like to have more pen pals, both boys and girls.
I 'have a half-day school schedule. In the afternoon, I am in the St. Elizabeth Hospital and hope to become an interne some day. I will soon graduate from high school. Regards to all.—Mary Ribarich (17), 156 State St., Struthers, O. (Lodge 277.)
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SEEKS PEN PALS
Dear Editor:—Thanks for printing my other letters in this fine magazine. I would like to have some pen pals write to me. Best regards to all. Anna May Lander, Box 54, Jaffrey, Pa.
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HAS TWO NEW HOBBIES
Dear Editor:—This is my third or fourth letter to the good old “Mladinski List.” By the time this will be published, Spring will be here. We had a very nice winter, although it was cold.
I would like to win a victory pin but I know I can’t by writing once a month to the M. L. Wish to say “hello” to all my pen pals, especially to Salleen Medved and Rita Mae Flipiak.
We did not have any Christmas program this year because too many children had flu. Santa treated me nicely. My birthday was on April 3 and now am nine years old. I started to go to school when I was five years, but now they start at six.
I have two new hobbies since my last letter to the M. L. One of them is collecting birthday cards, the other collecting pretty stones. So, pen pals, if you have any, I would like to have them.
School will soon be out and children will again have fun. I received many nice valentines in school, also two very pretty ones from Rita Mae Flipiak. I hope she liked the one I sent her.
My teacher is very nice to me, and I like her a great deal. I got A in conduct, A in spelling and also an A in reading. This is all and best regards to all.—Buddy Malnar (9), Box 7, Willard, Wis. (Lodge 198.)
I LIVE ON A FARM
Dear Editor:—I live with my folks on a 23 acre farm. We have two cows, two calves, fifteen pigs, twenty-three rabbits, two horses, and many chickens and tui’keys. Last summer, I and my sister Rose Marie, who is 11 years old, helped to put up the hay, and picked apples and cherries. I enjoy farming very much.
Another thing I enjoy very much is reading the Mladinski List, which comes to our house regularly every month. I should have written to the M. L. long before this and am sorry now I didn’t.	,
On April 12, I celebrated my fourteenth birthday. I would like to have a few pen pals. Best regards to one and all.—Betty Lou White, R. 1, Box 364, Armada, Colo. (Lodge 299, Circle 1.)
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SURPRISED TO SEE DRAWINGS
Dear Editor:—There is always a first time for everything and this is my first letter to the Mladinski List. I must say I was very surprised to see two of my drawings published in the April issue.
I am 14 years old and am in the ninth grade at the Avella High School. My favorite outdoor sports are fishing, hunting, skating and swimming. I am a member of Lodge 292 and Juvenil Circle 51.
Members of the Circle bowl every Thursday and our team, so far, is the best. I have two brothers in service, one of who is in the Army and the other in the Navy. Best regards to all.— Thomas Taninecz, 14, Box 33, Avella, Pa. (Lodge 51.)
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JOSEPH'S FAVORITE SPORT
Dear Editor:—I am a member of the Perfect Circle No. 26, Chicago, Illinois, and this is my first letter to this interesting magazine. Since the outdoor season is already in full progress, let me tell you what my favorite sport is; it is the good old American game of baseball. When I am not batting, I usually play the left field position. This spring, before vacation begins, the gym teacher at our school will most likely let the boys in my room participate in baseball. I hope so, anyway. I might also add that I enjoy swimming, too, but baseball is better and most boys will agree with me.—Joseph Svehla, 9, 2445 S. Springfield Ave., Chicago, 111. (Lodge 559.)
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GENE LIKES HIS SPORTS
Dear Editor:—I think it is a natural habit for every normal boy and girl to participate in sports. Our health teachers tell us that vigorous exercise and fresh air are builders of strong bodies.
In all our public schools we have sport supervisors and the boys and girls are trained in the art of sports all through their school days. If boys and girls didn’t have sports what would they do in their spare time? I think it would get too dull to have to sit around and just read or work all of the time.
I think sports are lots of fun. You get to mingle with other boys and girls and that makes you
happy. When you are happy you make good company.
Every boy and girl tries to be just a little bit better than his playmate. That makes the eye more accurate and the brain more keen.
I play on all of our school teams. I like football, basketball, baseball, crocquet and swimming best of all. I like baseball about the best and swimming nearly as well.
I don’t think I will make sports my life’s career as I want to be a scientist. But I shall take part in all athletics as I go through school.—Gene Balint, 11, Enumclaw, Wash. (Lodge 738.)
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MANY A JOLLY TIME
Dear Editor:—If you want to have a jolly good time, my advice to you is, join a Juvenile Circle. A group of our Circle members went on an outing last summer and certainly had a grand day of it. We took short walks, played games, went swimming, and then wound up the day with a wiener roast.
The dances we hold in the Slovenian Home are always successful. Jack Persin and his Jolly Jesters furnish the music for these affairs. We usually have a large crowd and everybody enjoys himself. Regards to all.—Frances K. Rehor, 14, R. D. 1, Box 54, Sharon, Pa.
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LIKES SCHOOL
Dear Editor:—It is almost a year since I have written to the M. L. I like school very much. We are making puppets in our art class. It is a lot of fun to make them. Am in the sixth grade.
I have a sister and a brother serving our country. My sister used to work in the Cleveland Hospital but joined the army Dietetics Corps. She is a Second Lt. and has been assigned to overseas duty. My brother is in the Air Corps at San Marcos, Tex. He is a navigator. Best of luck to them!
I have forgotten all about my pen pals of whom I had quite a few, but will now make up in Writing them. I will also try to write every month to this fine magazine. Best regards to all.— Celestine Špehar (11), Box 6, McKinley, Minn.
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WORKS IN FACTORY
Dear Editor:—It has been a long time since I have written last to this fine magazine for the reason I have been very busy. I am working in a factory, have been since May. I am a stitcher and like my job very much. I work from 7 a. m. to 3. p. m. daily.
Am also taking Spanish guitar which also keeps me busy. Am taking lessons at Volkweins in Pittsburgh from a well known teacher, Victor Lawrence. Another thing which keeps me busy is writing to my boy friend in the army, stationed at Ft. Eustis, Va.
I have been in Cleveland twice since my vacation there. I went there for Labor Day and for New Year, but I do not know when I will be able to go again—hoping it will be soon. Best regards to all.—Ann Mele (17), Box 311, Moon Run, Pa. (Lodge 88.)
FIRST LETTERS
William Verbic, 18905 Arrowhead Ave., Cleveland, Ohio, tells us in his first letter to the Mladinski List that he is 13 years old and is in the 7A grade at Oliver Hazard Perry school. “There are three floors in our school, and we have a big playground. The winter sports I like best are snowball fights and sleding. The section of the ML I like best is the Pen Pals Write and drawings. I am a member of SNPJ lodge 126.”
Eileen Trye, Box 494, Limerick Hill, Herminie, Pa., is 13 years old, and this is her first letter to the' M. L. She is 5 feet 3 inches tall, has red hair, greenish-gray eyes, and is of medium weight. “I have received three issues of the ML; it is my favorite magazine. I would like to have more pen pals. I want to say hello to Carolyn Tavzelj and Betty Dyba. I would like to remind a few girls from Herminie to write, namely, Dolores Cantini, Elsie Gondean and Lorraine Beddich.” Eileen is a member of SNPJ lodge 87.
Jackie Urbas, Box 173, Strabane, Pa., writes his first letter to the M. L. He is 12 years old and in the sixth grade. He has one sister and one brother and they all belong to the SNPJ. “Our Circle No. 19 is very interesting and we always have lots of fun. I have six uncles in the service and I write to them often. At school we buy war stamps and collect waste paper and crushed tin cans to help with the winning of the war. I will write more next time.”
Rose Moze, Box 255, Strabane, Pa., is 14 years old and this is her first letter to the M. L. She has brown hair, brown eyes, weighs 115 lbs. and is 5 feet 6 inches tall. Rose is a member of SNPJ lodge 138 and of Circle 19. She would like to have some pen pals and will answer all letters promptly. Rose is urging all juveniles to buy war stamps and bonds and to collect waste paper and tin. Next time she will write on one side of the paper only.
Jessie Lee Bell, Box 185, Columbia, Utah,^ writes her first letter to this “wonderful magazine.” Jessie is eight years old and is in the second grade at school. Her hobby is painting, and she also likes to draw. “I am just learning to read well. I like nature stories. Best wishes to all.”
Jeanette Kapovec, Eveleth, Minnesota, tells us in her first letter to the Mladinski List that she is eight years old and she goes to the Fayal School. “I enjoy reading this fine magazine. I would like to get some pen pals, and I would like to see this letter in the M. L. I will write every month. Best regards to all.”
Frances M. Luzover, Rte. 2, Greenwood, Wis., is 10 years old, in the fifth grade, and this is her first letter to the M. L. She is 4 feet 8 inches tall, has light brown eyes, and reddish brown hair. I enjoy reading this fine magazine. Some of the children surely do draw nice pictures. I would like to have some pen pals and their- pictures, too. I (Continued on inside back cover)
ZGODBE 0 BOMBAŽU
(Nadaljevanje.)
“Kako moreš biti tako neroden!” zavpije don Pedro. “Ali ne vidiš, koliko mladik si polomil? Te škode ne bom trpel. Odtegnem ti pri zaslužku, da boš bolj pazil.”
Don Pedro jezen odide. Ču-Teh gleda za njim in se smehlja. Pravi Kitajec se vedno smehlja. Tudi kadar je jezen in kadar je žalosten.
Zopet so se ti odmaknila obrežja Rumene reke, Ču-Teh.
Pod streho so se glavice posušile in postale krhke. Le previdno, peoni, da se ne zmešajo med bombaževa vlakenca. Don Pedro budno pazi, kako peoni pulijo vlakenca s semeni vred iz njih. Z ostanki glavic pomešani bombaž je manj vreden. Don Pedro noče slabega bombaža. Imeti hoče prvovrstno blago. Da bodo kupci tudi drugo leto radi prišli. Peoni delajo previdno in tiho. Premišljujejo, koliko so zaslužili. Vesele se plačila.
Tudi don Pedro je Židane volje. Veseli se dobre letine. Nič ga ne briga, kaj poreče k temu predsednik Roosevelt, kaj severnoameriški farmarji...
Prav tako brez skrbi so vsi oni podjetni gospodje v Vzhodni Afriki, v Indiji, v Egiptu, na Sund-skem otočju, ki so si letos omislili nove nasade. Bombaž se bo dobro prodal.
“Halo! Halo!” se javlja gospod Lesing iz Hamburga svojemu zaupniku v Braziliji. “Kupite mnogo letošnjega bombaža!”
“Halo! Halo!” Gospod Van Love iz Antverpna pošilja isto zapoved na Sundsko otočje.
Delo je končano. Bombaž je obran. Peoni se gnetejo pred delovno sobo dona Pedra. V sobi stoje Antonio, Miguel in Ču-Teh. Čakajo. Don Pedro računa. Nato jim odrine denar. Antonio, Miguel in Ču-Teh štejejo. Kako? Komaj toliko? Več smo zaslužili. Ali se niste zmotili, don Pedro?
“Nisem se zmotil, ljubčki,” odgovarja don Pedro. “Računal sem hrano. Ču-Tehu sem odtegnil za škodo, ki jo je pri obiranju naredil v nasadu. Zbogom!”
Ču-Teh se žalostno smehlja. Ne! Letos še ne bo na Kitajskem. Pisal bo svojim, da pride pozneje.
Miguel se ne smehlja. Miguel kriči:
“Predrago ste zaračunali. Dvakrat dražje ko v mestu.”
Tudi Antonio se ne smehlja. V enem skoku je pri mizi in dvigne pest.
“Moj denar sem! Če ne . . .” zavpije hripavo.
Don Pedro je miren. Don Pedro je bil včasih Amelio Migues in ve, kako se občuje s peoni. V njegovi roki se zablišči samokres.
“Tam so vrata,” reče hladno. “Izgubite se, če ne . . .”
Antoniu omahne roka. Nihče izmed njih nima samokresa. Tiho odidejo.
Po petih mesecih trpljenja se vračajo Antonio, Miguel in Ču-Teh v mesto. Na ulične ogle gredo oprezovat za novim delom . . .
SREČA JOČE BOŠKOVIČA IN GOSPODA HENRIKA BRAUNA
Kaj ima Hamburg opraviti z bombažem? V Hamburgu ni nobenih polj. Tam ne raste ničesar. Kajti Hamburg je veliko, milijonsko mesto, s širokimi, trdo tlakovanimi ulicami. Na ulicah, širokih in trdo tlakovanih, ne raste niti plevel. Pridni cestarji sproti populijo vsako travico, ki drobna in nebogljena pokuka izza pločnikovega roba. Kaj je torej z bombažem v Hamburgu?
O, pač!
Hamburg ima veliko pristanišče. V njem kar mrgoli ladij, malih in velikih. Ladje plovejo na vse smeri sveta. Na sever, na jug, proti vzhodu, proti zapadu. Ladje tudi prihajajo z vseh vetrov. S severa in juga, od zapada in vzhoda. Neprestano tulijo piščali odhajajočih in prihajajočih parnikov. Rožljajo verige, brne motorji okretnih vlačilcev, škripljejo žerjavi . . . Noč in dan se ne poleže hrup v hamburškem pristanišču.
Neprestano prihajajo in odhajajo ladje. Velike in male. Ogromne železne roke škripajočih žerjavov spuščajo v ladijske trebuhe težke tovore. Stroje, les, najrazličnejše kovinske izdelke, premog, barve, tekstilno blago . . . Na sosednjem pomolu iztovarjajo žerjavi južno sadje, riž, kavo, dišave, rude, žito, ribe in—bombaž.
Aha, bombaž v Hamburgu! Bombaž iz Egypta, Indije, Severnoameriških držav, Brazilije . . .
V Hamburgu se odloča nadaljnja usoda bombaža, v veliki, že sto let stari palači. V hamburški borzi.
Burza (bursa) so srednjeveški trgovci rekli usnjati vrečici, v katero so shranjevali denar. Tri take vrečice so bile sklesane na pročelju neke hiše v Bidge-u (Bruegge) v Belgiji. V to hišo so hodili mestni trgovci sklepat kupčije. Tam so se menili, kako bodo polnili svoje burze.
Danes stoje take hiše že v vsakem večjem mestu. Pravijo jim borze. Na borze hodijo veliki trgovci prodajat in kupovat. Žito, les, stroje, bombaž . . . Vse, s čimer se peča trgovina. Vsak dan ob določeni uri se zberejo. Prodajajo, ponujajo, kupujejo . . . Če imaš denar, lahko na borzi mnogo zaslužiš. Pa tudi izgubiš. Kakor si pač pameten in ti je sreča mila. Če si previden in te ne ogoljufajo, zaslužiš. Izgubiš, kadar si lahkoveren in govoriš resnico.
Delo na borzi ni težko. Gospodje, ki tam kupčujejo z bombažem, nimajo z njim toliko opravila, kolikor so ga imeli Antonio, Miguel in Ču-Teh.
(Dalje prihodnjič.)
PEN PALS
(Continued from page 31)
hope this letter will be published soon. Best regards to all.”
Eleanor Elonzae, Box 226, Avella, Pa., writes her first letter to the M. L. She is 13 years old and in the eighth grade. “Not many of the children from our Circle have been writing to the ML, but many of them are starting to write. I am glad I joined the SNPJ because it is very nice to be in it. My parents own a few acres of land and we have cows, chickens, pigs, and ducks. I go to movies often and my favorite actress is Julie Bishop and my favorite actor is Errol Flynn. I would like to have pen pais. My favorite study is history. I’ll write more next time.”
Mary Gorla, R. D. 2, Box 184, Tarentum, Pa., is 13 years old and attends the West Deer High School. This is her first letter to the M. L. Mary has light brown hair, gray eyes, and is 5 feet 9 inches tall. Her favorite sports are bowling, skating, and dancing. She also enjoys movies. “I would like to have pen pals from all over the United States, and promise to answer all letters promptly. My best regards to all.”
Elizabeth Kolesar, Box 213, Diamondville, Wyo., sends her first letter to the M. L. She is 13 years old and her birthday is Jan. 31. “At school my teacher, Mrs. Burgoon, made candy for my birthday. I am in the seventh grade. I am 5 feet 1 inch tall, and I have light brown hair and brown eyes. My subjects are arithmetic, reading, spelling, and history. I have two uncles and two cousins in the service. I would like to have more pen pals; I have three now. My hobby is collecting postcards. I have been in SNPJ lodge for seven years. I’ll write more next time.”
Helen Koshir, 1612 E. Pearl St., Hazel Park, Mich., is 12 years old and “quite tall for my age, my height being 5 feet 5 inches.” Helen is in the seventh grade, and this is her first letter to the M. L. “I enjoy school and my classmates very much. I have three cousins in the service, and I Write to them regularly. My favorite subjects in school are history, singing, art, and sewing. My hobby is writing to movie stars. In 1942 I had the Pleasure of meeting Tyrone Power in Detroit, when I was dressed in a Jugoslav costume at the Russian War Relief rally. My sister is nine years old and she also likes school. She is in the fourth grade. All of our family are SNPJ members, and are proud of it. On Sundays, I like to go to the Slovene Home with my parents. I’ll try to write more next time.”
Julie Valencia 615 Cummings Ave., Waukegan, Hi-, writes her first letter to the ML, in which she tells that she is very busy. “I should have written before, but did not have time nor was a member very long.” Julie is a member and treasurer of Circle 24. She adds: “I am happy to announce Christine Stritar is again one of our advisers. We hope that this year will be a successful one. A few weeks ago our Circle went ice-skating to Lake forest. We had a wonderful time. I would like to say hello to my cousin, Gloria Iskra, of Winton Wyo.”
ANSWERS TO PUZZLES ON JUST FOR FUN PAGE
Bird Puzzle: 1. Turkey; 2. Goose; 3. Crow; 4. Peacock; 5. Eagle.
True or False: 1. True; 2. False; 3. True; 4. False; 5. True.
Garden Quizzer: 1. Bugs and weeds; 2. Horn-worm—tomato; 3. Disease; 4. Full; 5. Rot.
Presidential Mix-Ups:	1.	Zachary	Taylor; 2.
James Knox Polk; 3. John Tyler; 4. Martin Van Buren; 5. Ulysses Simpson Grant; 6. John Quincy Adams.
Problem of Months: Are Puzzler: Postoffice
OUR SCHOOL
(Continued from page 17)
Quite some time later, Tommy Culkar and Donald Heffner ran through the rain to a home nearby, and phoned Mr. Bricely to come and get us with his car. The park was flooded, so we had to walk to the highway. Twelve of us piled into the car at one time and he had to make two trips. When we reached home we were soaked but still had a grand time.
DONALD CZERAK—age 12 Circle 47, Lodge 82 374 Ohio St., Johnstown, Pa.
THE ORIGIN OF THE WORLD
(Continued from page 2) the scientific world almost as far back as I remember. And this quotation is on a subject that I know your grandfather has often thought about as he has read, and that is religion! How far does my story interfere with religion? Listen to what Sir Ray says:—
“It should, I think, be recognized that there is no essential antagonism between the scientific spirit and what is called the religious sentiment. ‘Religion,’ said Bishop Creighton, ‘means the knowledge of our destiny and of the means of fulfilling it.’ We can say no more, and no less, of science. Men of science seek in all reverence to discover the Almighty, the Everlasting. They claim sympathy and friendship with those who, like themselves, have turned away from the more material struggles of human life, and have set their hearts and minds on the knowledge of the Eternal.”
One other thing I would like to add to that; and it is this: We are living in a wonderful age, in an age of awakening, of looking upwards, of larger ideals and greater hopes, and I am glad to be alive in this age; for I feel, as the old hymn says,—
We are living, we are dwelling,
In a grand, an awful time;
In an age on ages telling To be living is sublime.
IA/A MTTIIf A NEW name for our own
flHll I LU. JUVENILE MONTHLY MAGAZINE
© A national contest to change the name of the "Mladinski List", limited only to members of the Juvenile Department of the SNPJ, begins April 1 and ends August 1, 1944.
• You will find the announcement and official rules of the contest on an inside page. Be sure to read them carefully. Additional instructions are given below.
• The important question before us is—WHAT KIND OF NEW NAME IS MOST DESIRABLE AND APPROPRIATE FOR A FRATERNAL JUVENILE MAGAZINE LIKE OUR "MLADINSKI LIST"?
» Certainly, most of us are agreed that the new choice should be an attractive jiame, one with a good sound meaning attached to it, and both easy to express and remember. By all means, it should be a short name made up of one, two or three words, a name that will stand the test for many years.
0 An original name is preferred, so try not to copy a name already used by some other publication, but think of something new and better, something that will fit, even if only in a small way, the character or principles of the SNPJ.
9 If you wonder why the rules limit each juvenile member to only one NEW NAME suggestion, the reasons, primarily, are to avoid duplication of suggestions and to encourage more juveniles to enter the "New Name for Mladinski List"'contest.
• The new names, submitted by contestants, will not be published until the contest is officially closed. This means that you will be left almost entirely on your own to think up a good name, between now and the end of the contest. When you have succeeded in doing this, sit down and write a short but nicely worded letter, stating the reasons for your choice, and send this to the Juvenile Director, along with the new name.
• Boys and girls of the SNPJ! Here is the opportunity for which you have been waiting a long time! This contest is strictly yours. The new name, when finally chosen, will be the name of your magazine. So read the rules. Follow the instructions. Remember that attractive prizes are offered both for the name chosen and best letters. THE SNPJ WANTS YOU TO ENTER THE "NEW NAME FOR MLADINSKI LIST" CON TEST! YOU CAN HELP TO MAKE 1944 OUR BEST YEAR BY SUB MITTING A NEW NAME SUGGESTION!
MICHAEL VRHOVNIK. Juvenile Director, SNPJ.