REGIONALNA KONTEKSTUALIZACIJA V ARHITEKTURI Duh kraja – Negovanje identitete v grajenem okolju REGIONAL CONTEXTUALISATION IN ARCHITECTURE The Spirit of Place – Cultivating Identity in the Built Environment 17.-20.9.2025 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV BOOK OF ABSTRACTS ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Organizatorji Kataložni zapis o publikaciji (CIP) pripravili v Narodni in univerzitetni knjižnici v Ljubljani COBISS.SI-ID 248717827 ISBN 978-961-6390-74-3 (PDF) 2 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Organisers Kataložni zapis o publikaciji (CIP) pripravili v Narodni in univerzitetni knjižnici v Ljubljani COBISS.SI-ID 248717827 ISBN 978-961-6390-74-3 (PDF) 3 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Svetovalni, znanstveni in organizacijski odbor SVETOVALNI ODBOR dr. IGOR BIZJAK, direktor, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Slovenija izr. prof. dr. MATEJ NIKŠIČ, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Slovenija prof. MIHAEL DEŠMAN, dekan, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija prof. dr. ALENKA FIKFAK, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija prof. dr. MARINA PINTAR, dekanja, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Slovenija doc. dr. TOMAŽ PIPAN, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Slovenija ORGANIZACIJSKI ODBOR dr. IGOR BIZJAK, direktor, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Slovenija prof. dr. ALENKA FIKFAK, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija izr. prof. dr. MATEJ NIKŠIČ, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Slovenija doc. dr. JANEZ P. GROM, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija doc. dr. TOMAŽ PIPAN, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Slovenija asist. raz. ALEŠ ŠVIGELJ, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija MARKO LAZIĆ, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija doc. dr. DOMEN KUŠAR, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija izr. prof. dr. TOMAŽ NOVLJAN, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija asist. dr. JERNEJ ČERVEK, Ministrstvo za naravne vire in prostor Republike Slovenije, Slovenija mag. BARBARA ŽIŽIČ BAUMGARTNER, Ministrstvo za kulturo Republike Slovenije, Slovenija 4 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS ZNANSTVENI ODBOR prof. dr. JEAN-PIERRE EL ASMAR, prorektor za akademske zadeve in dekan na Royal University for Women, Ar Rifā‘, Bahrajn dr. IGOR BIZJAK, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Slovenija prof. dr. UĢIS BRATUŠKINS, Tehniška univerza v Rigi, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Latvija asist. dr. JERNEJ ČERVEK, Ministrstvo za okolje in prostor Republike Slovenije, Slovenija doc. dr. GREGOR ČOK, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Slovenija prof. dr. ALENKA FIKFAK, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija prof. dr. ILARIA GAROFOLO, Univerza v Trstu, Oddelek za inženirstvo in arhitekturo, Italija doc. dr. JANEZ P. GROM, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija doc. dr. MATEVŽ JUVANČIČ, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija prof. dr. SAJA KOSANOVIĆ, Univerza v Prištini v Kosovski Mitrovici, Fakulteta za tehnične vede, Oddelek za gradbeništvo prof. dr. OGNEN MARINA, Univerza sv. Cirila in Metoda v Skopju, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Republika Severna Makedonija izr. prof. dr. VIŠNJA KUKOČ, Združenje za raziskave v urbani teoriji in praksi Inova doc. dr. DOMEN KUŠAR, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija dr. CHRISTINE MADY, Univerza Aalto, Šola za umetnost, oblikovanje in arhitekturo, Oddelek za arhitekturo, Finska doc. dr. BRANISLAV FOLIĆ, Univerza v Prištini v Kosovski Mitrovici - Fakulteta za tehnične vede, Oddelek za gradbeništvo; gostujoči predavatelj na Toronto Metropolitan University doc. dr. CHARBEL MASKINEH, Libanonska univerza (IBA2), Bejrut, Libanon asist. dr. GAŠPER MRAK, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Slovenija izr. prof. dr. EGLĖ NAVICKIENĖ, Tehniška univerza v Vilni, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Litva prof. dr. FLORIAN NEPRAVISHTA, Politehnična univerza v Tirani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo in urbanizem, Albanija izr. prof. dr. MATEJ NIKŠIČ, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Slovenija 5 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV doc. dr. NEVENA NOVAKOVIĆ, Univerza v Banja Luki, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Bosna in Hercegovina izr. prof. TOMAŽ NOVLJAN, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija izr. prof. dr. LEA PETROVIĆ KRAJNIK, Univerza v Zagrebu, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Hrvaška dr. CEREN SEZER, Vodja raziskovalne skupine – CCLab, Laboratorij za sodelovanje skupnosti za trajnostni razvoj kampusa, RWTH Aachen University, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Katedra in inštitut za urbanistično načrtovanje in evropski urbanizem dr.ir. FRANKLIN VAN DER HOEVEN, TU Delft, Fakulteta za arhitekturo in grajeno okolje, Nizozemska doc. dr. ŠPELA VEROVŠEK, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija doc. dr. TIJANA VUJIĆIĆ, Univerza v Banja Luki, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Bosna in Hercegovina prof. dr. MARTINA ZBAŠNIK SENEGAČNIK, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija asist.raz. ALEŠ ŠVIGLEJ, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija MARKO LAZIĆ, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija dr. VITA ŽLENDER, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Slovenija dr. DAMJANA GANTAR, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Slovenija doc. dr. TOMAŽ PIPAN, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Slovenija izr. prof. dr. ALMA ZAVODNIK LAMOVŠEK, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Slovenija izr. prof. dr. SAMO DROBNE, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Slovenija prof. mag. TADEJ GLAŽAR, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija izr. prof. mag. POLONA FILIPIČ GORENŠEK, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija izr. prof. dr. ILKA ČERPES, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija doc. BLAŽ BUDJA, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija izr. prof. dr. BLAŽ KRIŽNIK, Univerza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta, Oddelek za azijske študije MANCA GJURA GODEC, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije prof. dr. TADEJA ZUPANČIČ, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija 6 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS asist. dr. KRISTIJAN LAVTIŽAR, Corwin, Slovenija BARBARA MUŠIČ, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Slovenija doc. dr. ĐURICA MARKOVIĆ, Univerza v Prištini v Kosovski Mitrovici, Fakulteta za tehnične vede, Oddelek za gradbeništvo izr. prof. ALEKSANDER S. OSTAN, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija asist. MIA CRNIČ, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija prof. dr. BRITTA THEGE, Fachhochschule Kiel, Nemčija prof. dr. ANA-ISABEL POLO-PEÑA, Univerza v Granadi, Španija dr. FRANCISCO PECO-TORRES, Univerza v Granadi, Španija izr. prof. dr. EWELINA IDZIAK, Wyzsza Szkola Gospodarki, Bydgoszcz, Poljska prof. dr. MAGDALENA BERGMANN, Wyzsza Szkola Gospodarki, Bydgoszcz, Poljska MARINA LOVRIČ, Geodetski inštitut Slovenije KATARINA KUK, Geodetski inštitut Slovenije prof. dr. SANDRA TREJA, Riga Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Latvia KONTAKT izr. prof. dr. MATEJ NIKŠIČ prof. dr. ALENKA FIKFAK Urbanistični inštitut Republike Univerza v Ljubljani Slovenije Fakulteta za arhitekturo Trnovski pristan 2, SI - 1000 Ljubljana, Zoisova 12, SI - 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenija Slovenija matej.niksic@uirs.si alenka.fikfak@fa.uni-lj.si 7 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Advisory Board, Organizing and Scientific Committee ADVISORY BOARD, dr. IGOR BIZJAK, director, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia assoc. prof. dr. MATEJ NIKŠIČ, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia prof. MIHAEL DEŠMAN, dean, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia prof. dr. ALENKA FIKFAK, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia prof. dr. MARINA PINTAR, dean, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia assist. prof. dr. TOMAŽ PIPAN, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia ORGANIZING COMMITTEE dr. IGOR BIZJAK, director, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia prof. dr. ALENKA FIKFAK, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assoc. prof. dr. MATEJ NIKŠIČ, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia assist. prof. dr. JANEZ P. GROM, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assist. prof. dr. TOMAŽ PIPAN, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia assist. res. ALEŠ ŠVIGELJ, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia MARKO LAZIĆ, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assist. prof. dr. DOMEN KUŠAR, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assoc. prof. dr. TOMAŽ NOVLJAN, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assist. dr. JERNEJ ČERVEK, Ministry of Natural Resources and Spatial Planning of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia mag. BARBARA ŽIŽIČ BAUMGARTNER, Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia 8 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE prof. dr. JEAN-PIERRE EL ASMAR, Academic Vice President & Acting Dean at Royal University for Women, Ar Rifā‘, Bahrain dr. IGOR BIZJAK, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia prof. dr. UĢIS BRATUŠKINS, Riga Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Latvia assist. dr. JERNEJ ČERVEK, Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning of Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia assist. prof. dr. GREGOR ČOK, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, Slovenia prof. dr. ALENKA FIKFAK, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia prof. dr. ILARIA GAROFOLO, University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Italy assist. prof. dr. JANEZ P. GROM, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assist. prof. dr. MATEVŽ JUVANČIČ, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia prof. dr. SAJA KOSANOVIĆ, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department for Civil Engineering prof. dr. OGNEN MARINA, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Architecture, Republic of North Macedonia assist. prof. dr. VIŠNJA KUKOČ, Association for Research in Urban Theory and Practice Inova assist. prof. dr. DOMEN KUŠAR, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia dr. CHRISTINE MADY, Aalto University School of Arts, Design and Architecture, Department of Architecture, Finland assist. prof. dr. BRANISLAV FOLIĆ, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica - Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department for Civil Engineering; Sessional Lecturer at Toronto Metropolitan University assist. prof. dr. CHARBEL MASKINEH, Lebanese University (IBA2), Beirut, Lebanon assist. dr. GAŠPER MRAK, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, Slovenia assoc. prof. DR. EGLĖ NAVICKIENĖ, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Lithuania prof. dr. FLORIAN NEPRAVISHTA, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Albania assoc. prof. dr. MATEJ NIKŠIČ, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia assist. prof. dr. NEVENA NOVAKOVIĆ, 9 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Bosnia and Hercegovina assoc. prof. dr. TOMAŽ NOVLJAN, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assoc. prof. dr. LEA PETROVIĆ KRAJNIK, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Croatia dr. CEREN SEZER, Research Group Leader – CCLab, Community Collaboration Lab for Sustainable Campus Development, RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Architecture, Chair and Institute for Urban Design and European Urbanism dr.ir. FRANKLIN VAN DER HOEVEN, TU Delft, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, The Netherlands assist. prof. dr. ŠPELA VEROVŠEK, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assist. prof. dr. TIJANA VUJIĆIĆ, University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Bosnia and Hercegovina prof. dr. MARTINA ZBAŠNIK SENEGAČNIK, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assist. Res.ALEŠ ŠVIGLEJ, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia MARKO LAZIĆ, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia dr. VITA ŽLENDER, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia dr. DAMJANA GANTAR, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia assist. prof. dr. TOMAŽ PIPAN, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia assoc. prof. dr. ALMA ZAVODNIK LAMOVŠEK, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, Slovenia assoc. prof. dr. SAMO DROBNE, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, Slovenia prof. mag. TADEJ GLAŽAR, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assoc. prof. mag. POLONA FILIPIČ GORENŠEK, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assoc. prof. dr. ILKA ČERPES, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assist. prof. BLAŽ BUDJA, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assoc. prof. dr. BLAŽ KRIŽNIK, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Department of Asian studies MANCA GJURA GODEC, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia prof. dr. TADEJA ZUPANČIČ, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assist. dr. KRISTIJAN LAVTIŽAR, Corwin, Slovenia 10 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS BARBARA MUŠIČ, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia assoc. prof. dr. ĐURICA MARKOVIĆ, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department for Civil Engineering assoc. prof. ALEKSANDER S. OSTAN, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia assist. MIA CRNIČ, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Slovenia prof. dr. BRITTA THEGE, Fachhochschule Kiel, Germany prof. dr. ANA-ISABEL POLO-PEÑA, Universidad de Granada, Spain dr. FRANCISCO PECO-TORRES, Universidad de Granada, Spain dr. EWELINA IDZIAK, Wyzsza Szkola Gospodarki, Bydgoszcz, Poland prof. dr. MAGDALENA BERGMANN, Wyzsza Szkola Gospodarki, Bydgoszcz, Poland MARINA LOVRIČ, Geodetic Institute of Slovenia KATARINA KUK, Geodetic Institute of Slovenia prof. dr. SANDRA TREJA, Riga Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, Latvia CONTACT assoc. prof. dr. MATEJ NIKŠIČ prof. dr. ALENKA FIKFAK Urban Planning Institute of the University of Ljubljana Republic of Slovenia Faculty of Architecture Trnovski pristan 2, SI - 1000 Ljubljana, Zoisova 12, SI - 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Slovenia matej.niksic@uirs.si alenka.fikfak@fa.uni-lj.si 11 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Kolofon REGIONALNA KONTEKSTUALIZACIJA V ARHITEKTURI Duh kraja – Negovanje identitete v grajenem okolju 17.-20.9.2025 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV UREDNIKA prof. dr. ALENKA FIKFAK, UL FA izr. prof. dr. MATEJ NIKŠIČ, UIRS OBLIKOVANJE: asist. dr. GAŠPER MRAK, UL FGG NASLOVNICA: asist. raz. Aleš Švigelj, UL FA PRELOM: CTP d.o.o. IZDAL: Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Ljubljana, september 2025 Omejitev odgovornosti: Izvlečki v zborniku izvlečkov so intelektualna lastnina njihovih avtorjev, zato Konferenca RCA 2025 ne odgovarja za njihovo vsebino. Založnik ne prevzema odgovornosti za morebitno uporabo informacij, navedenih v publikaciji. Avtorske pravice: Noben del objavljenih izvlečkov se ne sme kopirati, reproducirati v kakršnikoli obliki (kot so tiskani in foto natisi, mikrofilm ali druga sredstva), shranjevati ali elektronsko prenašati brez soglasja založnika (Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana). Vsak izvleček sta recenzirala dva mednarodna strokovnjaka. Fikfak, A., Nikšič, M., (ur.). (2025). Regionalna kontekstualizacija v arhitekturi, Duh kraja – Negovanje identitete v grajenem okolju. Zbornik izvlečkov. / Regional contextualisation in architecture, The Spirit of Place – Cultivating Identity in the Built Environment. Book of Abstracts. 17.–20. 9. 2025. Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije. Znanstvena mednarodna konferenca RCA 2025 je del Ciljnega raziskovalnega programa Arhitekturne tipologije in arhitekturne krajine in regije Slovenije 2« (V5-24031; "CRP 2024", 1. 10. 2024 - 31. 3. 2027), ki ga izvajajo Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo in Biotehnična fakulteta, ter Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenija, financirata Javna agencija za znanstvenoraziskovalno in inovacijsko dejavnost Republike Slovenije (ARIS) in Ministrstvo za naravne vire in prostor (MNVP). 12 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Impressum REGIONAL CONTEXTUALISATION IN ARCHITECTURE The Spirit of Place – Cultivating Identity in the Built Environment 17.-20.9.2025 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS EDITORS prof. DR. ALENKA FIKFAK, UL FA assoc. prof. DR. MATEJ NIKŠIČ, UIRS DESIGN: assist. DR. GAŠPER MRAK, UL FGG COVER PAGE: assist. res. Aleš Švigelj, UL FA DTP: CTP d.o.o. PUBLISHER: Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Ljubljana, September 2025 Disclaimer: The papers and posters presented in these proceedings are the intellectual property of their respective authors, and the RCA 2025 Conference cannot be held responsible for their content. The publisher is not responsible of the use which might be made of the following information. Copyright: No part of this publication of the proceedings can be copied, reproduced in any form of print, photo print microfilm or other means, stored or electronically transmitted without the consent of the publisher at Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia. All abstracts and as well as full papers were blind peer reviewed by two international scholars. Fikfak, A., Nikšič, M., (Eds.). (2025). Regionalna kontekstualizacija v arhitekturi, Duh kraja – Negovanje identitete v grajenem okolju. Zbornik izvlečkov. / Regional Contextualisation in Architecture, The Spirit of Place – Cultivating Identity in the Built Environment. Book of Abstracts.17.-20.9.2025. Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia. The scientific international conference RCA 2025 is part of the Targeted Research Programme "Architectural typologies and architectural landscapes and regions of Slovenia 2" (V5-24031; "CRP 2024", 1. 10. 2024 - 31. 3. 2027), which is conducted by the University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture and Biotechnical Faculty, and the Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, is funded by the Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency (ARIS) and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Spatial Planning (MNVP). 13 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Uvodnik Spoštovani udeleženke in udeleženci, dobrodošli na konferenci "REGIONALNA KONTEKSTUALIZACIJA V ARHITEKTURI" (RCA 2025)! Konferenca je priložnost za interdisciplinarno izmenjavo znanj o prilagodljivih pristopih k identiteti prostora z arhitekturnim in urbanističnim oblikovanjem, ki jih povezuje s sodobnimi izzivi, kot so podnebne spremembe, degradacija okolja, socialna izključenost in integracija, javno zdravje ter kakovost urbanega življenja. Osrednjat ema konference je načelo prilagodljivega regionalizma, ki vključuje koncepte kritičnega regionalizma s poudarkom na inovativnosti, fleksibilnosti, trajnosti in prilagajanju sodobnim potrebam, hkrati pa ohranja spoštovanje do lokalnih arhitekturnih tradicij. Zanj so značilni prožni in dinamični pristopi, ki se odzivajo na raznolike potrebe sodobnega sveta, obenem pa so zavezani ohranjanju bogate dediščine preteklosti. Spodbuja ustvarjalno kombiniranje tradicionalnih arhitekturnih elementov in tehnik z novimi idejami in tehnologijami. Zavzema se za uravnoteženo harmonijo med lokalnim in globalnim, pri čemer se ne le prilagaja spreminjajočim se zahtevam sodobne družbe, ampak tudi varuje pristnost in pomen lokalnih arhitekturnih tipologij. S tem zasleduje trajnostno vizijo, ki združuje zgodovinske elemente z inovativno usmerjenostjo, s čimer ustvarja most med vrednotami, ki so se razvijale skozi zgodovino arhitekture, in nenehnimi spremembami sodobnega sveta. Glavno vprašanje je, kako ohraniti prostorsko identiteto in kolektivni spomin, kot je poudarjeno v "Priporočilih za varstvo in prenovo podeželske arhitekturne dediščine" (Granadska listina). Eno od vodilnih vprašanj konference je, kako se lotiti analize in valorizacije prostorskih in arhitekturnih značilnosti, ki lahko prispevajo k ohranjanju identitete krajin in naselij – znotraj sodobnih izzivov prostorskega načrtovanja in arhitekturnega oblikovanja? In še pomembneje – kako usmeriti prihodnje (pre)ureditve v smeri krepitve prostorske identitete? Konferenca v Ljubljani predstavlja stičišče za različne geografske regije, ki povezuje akademike, strokovnjake iz različnih disciplin in vse, ki jih zanima prihodnost prostorskega razvoja ter povezava med preteklostjo in prihodnostjo. Konferenca udeležencem ponuja bogato znanje skozi predavanja v enajstih konferenčnih sklopih, petpredstavitev osrednjih govornikov iz različnih okolij, dve okrogli mizi ter druge dejavnosti konference. Sklopi vključujejo prispevke iz 42 referatov in raziskujejo globalne ter lokalne izzive na področju identitete prostora z oblikovanjem in povezavami s kakovostjo življenja. Vsak sklop konference se osredotoča na različne vidike povezane s kritičnimi vprašanji sodobnega konteksta. V Sklopu 1: 'Tradicija in inovacije v sodobni arhitekturi: Ohranjanje lokalne identitete' prispevki preučujejo, kako arhitekti krmarijo med spoštovanjem zgodovinskih vzorcev in sprejemanjem novih tehnologij 14 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS ter idej. Poudarek je na vprašanju, kako to prepletanje oblikuje in ohranja lokalno identiteto. V Sklopu 2: 'Tipologije naselij v sodobnem kontekstu' prispevki obravnavajo izziv, kako globalne proizvodne verige reproducirajo standardizirane materiale, tehnologije in gradbene pristope. Ta standardizacija je povzročila širjenje nekdanjih (zgodovinskih) naselij in ustvarja vse bolj kompleksne in nerazumljive prostorske strukture. V Sklopu 3: 'Urbana gostota in podoba prostora' prispevki raziskujejo kompleksen odnos med urbano gostoto in podobo prostora. V Sklopu 4: 'Vloga infrastrukture pri oblikovanju regionalne identitete' je raziskan pogosto spregledan vpliv infrastrukture na regionalno identiteto, npr. kako prometna omrežja, energetski sistemi, komunikacijske tehnologije in drugi infrastrukturni elementi oblikujejo značaj in povezanost regije. Sklop 5: 'Ekologija, identiteta in grajeno okolje: Vključevanje ekologije in arhitekturne oblike' obravnava vprašanje povezovanja ekologije, identitete in grajenega okolja ter skuša razumeti, kako lahko vključevanje ekoloških načel v arhitekturno in urbano obliko prispeva k okoljski trajnosti in močnejši podobi prostora. Sklop 6: 'Oblikovanje, ki temelji na skupnosti, in njegov vpliv na identiteto kraja' raziskuje, kako lahko participativni oblikovalski procesi opolnomočijo lokalne prebivalce in zagotovijo, da grajeno okolje odraža njihove potrebe, vrednote in želje. Sklop 7: 'Ekonomske paradigme in identiteta kraja: Rast, upadanje in grajeno okolje' poudarja smeri ekonomskih paradigem, rasti/upada in njihov vpliv na identiteto prostora. Sklop 8: 'Identiteta glede na oblikovanje in izzivi podnebnih sprememb' obravnava začasne strategije za ustvarjanje odpornih in trajnostnih grajenih okolij, prilagojenih spreminjajočim se okoljskim razmeram. Posebna pozornost je namenjena vlogi oblikovanja pri blaženju podnebnih sprememb in prilagajanju njihovim učinkom znotraj širše razprave o tem, kako lahko oblikovanje spodbuja prepoznavnost prostora. Sklop 9: 'Javni prostor in oblikovanje kolektivne identitete' raziskuje, kako javni prostori, kot so ulice, parki, trgi in druge tipologije javnih prostorov, prispevajo k občutku pripadnosti, skupnosti, skupne izkušnje in nenazadnje – prostora. Sklop 10: 'Svetloba in grajeno okolje: Oblikovanje identitete kraja' raziskuje močno vlogo svetlobe pri oblikovanju identitete prostora v grajenem okolju, s poudarkom na kulturnih in regionalnih razlikah v uporabi svetlobe v arhitekturi in urbanem oblikovanju. In nenazadnje, Sklop 11: "Pripovedi med krajem in prostorom" ponuja celovit in podroben vpogled v procese ustvarjanja pripovedi. Te pripovedi omogočajo razlago in preoblikovanje prostorskih, družbenih ter kulturnih izkušenj, ko se spoprijemajo z na novo nastalimi identitetami. Želimo vam uspešno konferenco, ki bo sprožila nova druženja med udeleženci, znanstveno izmenjavo misli, participativne razprave in navdihe za nove pristope h krepitvi identitete prostora s premišljenim in zavestnim oblikovanjem! 15 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Introduction Dear participants, welcome to the “REGIONAL CONTEXTUALISATION IN ARCHITECTURE” (RCA 2025) Conference! This conference examines interdisciplinary exchange of scholarship on adaptive approaches towards place identity by architectural and urban design and links it to contemporary challenges such as climate change, environmental degradation, social exclusion and integration, public health and urban quality-of-life. The conference theme outlines the principle of adaptive regionalism which incorporates the concepts of critical regionalism, with an emphasis on innovation, flexibility, sustainability and adaptation to contemporary needs, while maintaining respect for local architectural traditions. It is characterised by flexible and dynamic approaches that respond to the diverse needs of the modern world, while being committed to preserving the rich heritage of the past. It encourages the creative combination of traditional architectural elements and techniques with new ideas and technologies. It advocates a balanced harmony between the local and the global, not only adapting to the changing demands of modern society, but also safeguarding the authenticity and significance of local architectural typologies. This pursues a sustainable vision that combines historical elements with an innovative orientation, thus creating a bridge between the values that have evolved throughout the history of architecture and the constant changes of the modern world. The main question is how to preserve spatial identity and collective memory, as highlighted in the “Recommendations for the Protection and Renovation of Rural Architectural Heritage” (Granada Charter). One of the leading questions of the conference is how to work on analysis and valorisation of spatial and architectural characteristics that can contribute to the preservation of the identity of landscapes and settlements – within the contemporary challenges of spatial planning and architectural design? And even more importantly – how to direct the future (re)developments to strengthen the identity of the places? The conference in Ljubljana provides a nexus across geographic areas linking academicians, practitioners from various disciplines and all those concerned with the future of spatial development and connection from the past to future. The richness of the contributions from which participants will learn is included within the eleven conference tracks, the five key-note speakers from different backgrounds, the two roundtables, as well as the other conference activities. The tracks have contributions from 42 papers and explore global and local issues on place identity by design and its relations to quality-of-life. Each conference track focuses on different aspects related to critical within the contemporary context. Under Track 1: ‘Tradition and Innovation in Contemporary Architecture: Preserving Local Identity’ the contributions examine how architects navigate the tension between respecting historical precedents and embracing new technologies and ideas. The focus is on how this interplay shapes and preserves local identity. In Track 2: ‘Settlement Typologies in Contemporary Context’ contributions 16 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS address the emphasis how the global production chains reproduce standardized materials, technologies and building approaches. This standardization brought about enlargement of historical settlements creating ever more complex and unreadable (sprawling?) spatial organizations. In Track 3: ‘Urban Density and the Image of Place’ contributions examine the complex relationship between urban density and the image of a place. In Track 4: ‘The Role of Infrastructure in Shaping Regional Identity’ the exploration of often-overlooked influence of infrastructure on regional identity. It investigates how transportation networks, energy systems, communication technologies and other infrastructure elements shape a region's character and connectivity. Track 5: ‘Ecology, Identity and the Built Environment: Integrating Ecology and Architectural Form’ addresses the question of linking ecology, identity and the built environment, it explores it through understanding how integrating ecological principles in the architectural and urban form can contribute to both environmental sustainability and a stronger sense of place. Track 6: ‘Community-Based Design and its Influence on Identity of Place’ explores how participatory design processes can empower local residents and ensure that the built environment reflects their needs, values and aspirations. Track 7: ‘Economic Paradigms and Place Identity: Growth, Degrowth and Built Environments’ highlights directions of economic paradigms, growth/degrowth and their impact on place identity. Track 8: ‘Identity by Design and Challenges of Climate Change’ considers temporary strategies for creating resilient and sustainable built environments adapted to changing environmental conditions. Special attention is given to the role of design in mitigating climate change and adapting to its effects within a wider discussion on how design can foster a sense of place. Within the Track 9: ‘Public Space and the Construction of Collective Identity’ presents the theme explores how public spaces such as streets, parks, squares and other typologies of public spaces contribute to a sense of belonging, community, shared experience and not least – place. Track 10: ‘Light and Built Environment: Shaping the Identity of Place’ explores the powerful role of light in shaping the identity of place within the built environment, focused on the cultural and regional variations in the use of light in architecture and urban design. And finally Track 11: ‘Narratives Between Place and Space’ provides a comprehensive and yet detailed insight into processes that enable creation of narrative to interpret and re-construct the spatial, social and cultural experiences while confronted with their newly established identities. We wish you a successful conference in which this platform triggers new convivialities among participants, through the scholarly exchange of thoughts, participatory debates and inspirations for new and adaptive approaches for new and adaptive approaches to strengthening place identity through thoughtful and intentional design! 17 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Kazalo / Contents ORGANIZATORJI ............................................................................................. 2 ORGANISERS ................................................................................................. 3 SVETOVALNI, ZNANSTVENI IN ORGANIZACIJSKI ODBOR .................................. 4 ADVISORY BOARD, ORGANIZING AND SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ....................... 8 KOLOFON .................................................................................................... 12 IMPRESSUM ................................................................................................. 13 UVODNIK ..................................................................................................... 14 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 16 KAZALO / CONTENTS .................................................................................... 18 UVODNI GOVORCI ....................................................................................... 28 KEYNOTE SPEAKERS .................................................................................... 29 KULTURNE KRAJINE: NEKOČ IN DANES ............................................................. 30 prof. dr. Živa Deu ........................................................................................ 30 CULTURAL LANDSCAPES: PAST AND PRESENT ................................................. 31 prof. dr. Živa Deu ........................................................................................ 31 POMENI PROSTORA, ARHITEKTURE IN URBANIZMA V SODOBNEM SVETU: ISKANJE RAVNOVESJA MED TRADICIJO IN INVENCIJO ..................................................... 32 izr. prof. Aleksander S. Ostan ...................................................................... 32 THE MEANINGS OF SPACE, ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM IN CONTEMPORARY WORLD: SEEKING BALANCE BETWEEN TRADITION AND INVENTION ................. 34 assoc. prof. Aleksander S. Ostan ................................................................ 34 SOOBLIKOVANJE ZA PRIPADNOST: IDENTITETA, PRAVIČNOST IN SODELOVANJE PRI SOOBLIKOVANJU MESTNIH PRIHODNOSTI ................................................. 36 dr. Ceren Sezer .......................................................................................... 36 CO-DESIGNING FOR BELONGING: IDENTITY, JUSTICE, AND PARTICIPATION IN SHAPING URBAN FUTURES .............................................................................. 37 dr. Ceren Sezer .......................................................................................... 37 ARHITEKTURNA DEDIŠČINA - TEMELJ IDENTITETE IN TRAJNOSTNI KAPITAL LOKALNIH SKUPNOSTI..................................................................................... 38 prof. dr. Sonja Ifko ...................................................................................... 38 ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE THE FOUNDATION OF IDENTITY AND SUSTAINABLE CAPITAL FOR LOCAL COMMUNITIES ................................................................ 39 prof. dr. Sonja Ifko ...................................................................................... 39 VKLJUČEVANJE DOMORODNIH ARHITEKTURNIH NAČEL V TRAJNOSTNO OBLIKOVANJE: PRIMER REGIONALNE ODPORNOST V KANADI ........................... 40 dr. Branislav Folić, Ivan Martinović, prof. dr. Saja Kosanović.......................... 40 18 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS INTEGRATING INDIGENOUS ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES INTO SUSTAINABLE DESIGN: A CASE FOR REGIONAL RESILIENCE IN CANADA ................................. 42 dr. Branislav Folić, Ivan Martinović, prof. dr. Saja Kosanović.......................... 42 SEKCIJA 1: TRADICIJA IN INOVACIJE V SODOBNI ARHITEKTURI: OHRANJANJE LOKALNE IDENTITETE ................................................................................... 44 TRACK 1: TRADITION AND INNOVATION IN CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE: PRESERVING LOCAL IDENTITY ...................................................................... 45 IDENTITETA IN TRADICIJA V GORIŠKIH BRDIH .................................................... 46 prof. dr. Alenka Fikfak ................................................................................. 46 IDENTITY AND TRADITION IN GORIŠKA BRDA .................................................... 47 prof. dr. Alenka Fikfak ................................................................................. 47 IZZIVI POVOJNIH STANOVANJ V ITALIJI: PRIMER SORGANE V FIRENCAH ............. 48 prof. dr. Jean-Pierre El Asmar, Leonardo Checcaglini, Patricia Barakat .......... 48 CHALLENGES OF POST-WAR HOUSING IN ITALY: THE CASE OF SORGANE IN FLORENCE ...................................................................................................... 49 prof. dr. Jean-Pierre El Asmar, Leonardo Checcaglini, Patricia Barakat .......... 49 ZASIDRANJE PROSTORSKIH INOVACIJ IN RAZVOJA: RISBA KOT CELOSTNA VIZUALNA REFERENCA ZA PRIKAZ PROSTORSKIH NARATIVOV ........................... 50 Tim Gerdin ................................................................................................. 50 ANCHORING SPATIAL INNOVATION AND DEVELOPMENT: DRAWING AS A COMPREHENSIVE VISUAL REFERENCE PORTRAYING SPATIAL NARRATIVES ...... 51 Tim Gerdin ................................................................................................. 51 ŠTUDIJA DVEH PRIMEROV SODOBNE PODEŽELSKE ARHITEKTURE NA KOZJANSKEM .................................................................................................. 52 prof. dr. Matej Blenkuš, Katja Cimperman, Alexander Cifer ........................... 52 A STUDY OF TWO EXAMPLES OF CONTEMPORARY RURAL ARCHITECTURE IN THE KOZJANSKO REGION ....................................................................................... 54 prof. dr. Matej Blenkuš, Katja Cimperman, Aleksander Cifer ......................... 54 IDENTITETA IN KONTINUITETA: ŠTUDIJE PRIMEROV V SLOVENIJI ........................ 56 asist. raz. Aleš Švigelj, Marko Lazić .............................................................. 56 IDENTITY AND CONTINUITY: CASE STUDIES IN SLOVENIA .................................. 57 assist. res. Aleš Švigelj, Marko Lazić ............................................................ 57 NAČRTOVANJE – AVANTURE MED NAVDIHOM, ZANOSOM IN NORMAMI ............ 58 doc. Primož Hočevar .................................................................................. 58 PLANNING−ADVENTURES BETWEEN INSPIRATION, ELATION AND NORMS ........ 59 assist. prof. Primož Hočevar ....................................................................... 59 SEKCIJA 2: TIPOLOGIJE NASELIJ V SODOBNEM KONTEKSTU ........................... 60 TRACK 2: SETTLEMENT TYPOLOGIES IN CONTEMPORARY CONTEXT ............... 61 BERLJIVOST NASELIJ V ČASU SODOBNIH TIPSKIH VZORCEV .............................. 62 doc. dr. Tomaž Pipan .................................................................................. 62 LEGIBILITY OF SETTLEMENTS IN CONTEMPORARY TIMES OF STANDARDIZED PATTERNS ....................................................................................................... 63 assist. prof. dr. Tomaž Pipan ....................................................................... 63 19 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV OHRANJANJE PROSTORSKE IDENTITETE: TRADICIONALNE OBLIKE IN NEDAVNI RAZVOJ NASELIJ V OBČINI CERKNICA, SLOVENIJA ............................................ 64 dr. Damjana Gantar, Nina Goršič ................................................................. 64 SUSTAINING SPATIAL IDENTITY: TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENTS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF CERKNICA, SLOVENIA ....................... 65 dr. Damjana Gantar, Nina Goršič ................................................................. 65 PREOBLIKOVANJE PODEŽELSKIH NASELIJ NA PRIMERU GORENJSKE STATISTIČNE REGIJE............................................................................................................. 66 Meta Cerkovnik, viš. pred. dr. Mojca Foški, izr. prof. dr. Alma Zavodnik Lamovšek .................................................................................................. 66 THE TRANSFORMATION OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN THE CASE OF THE GORENJSKA STATISTICAL REGION ................................................................... 67 Meta Cerkovnik, viš. pred. dr. Mojca Foški, assoc. prof. dr. Alma Zavodnik Lamovšek .................................................................................................. 67 OHRANJANJE IDENTITETE PROSTORA ............................................................... 68 doc. Blaž Budja .......................................................................................... 68 PRESERVING THE IDENTITY OF SPACE .............................................................. 69 assist. prof. Blaž Budja ............................................................................... 69 SEKCIJA 3: URBANA GOSTOTA IN PODOBA KRAJA .......................................... 70 TRACK 3: URBAN DENSITY AND THE IMAGE OF PLACE ................................... 71 GOSTOTA POZIDANOSTI IN IDENTITETA KRAJA .................................................. 72 izr. prof. dr. Ilka Čerpes, asist. Mia Crnič, Igor Rojnik ..................................... 72 BUILDING DENSITY AND IDENTITY OF PLACE .................................................... 73 assoc. prof. dr. Ilka Čerpes, assist. Mia Crnič, Igor Rojnik ............................. 73 VPLIV SPREMINJANJA STAVBNE TIPOLOGIJE SKOZI ČAS NA URBANO GOSTOTO IN PODOBO MESTA: PRIMER MURSKE SOBOTE ..................................................... 74 asist. dr. Jernej Červek ................................................................................ 74 THE IMPACT OF CHANGING BUILDING TYPOLOGY OVER TIME ON URBAN DENSITY AND CITY IMAGE: THE CASE OF MURSKA SOBOTA ............................................. 75 assist. dr. Jernej Červek .............................................................................. 75 VPLIV VRST STANOVANJSKE OSKRBE NA GOSTOTO POSELJENOSTI – ŠTUDIJA PRIMERA KAMNOLOMA PODUTIK V LJUBLJANI .................................................. 76 Erna Bukovica ............................................................................................ 76 THE IMPACT OF HOUSING PROVISON TYPES ON BUILDING DENSITY – A CASE STUDY OF THE PODUTIK QUARRY IN LJUBLJANA ............................................... 77 Erna Bukovica ............................................................................................ 77 KRAJINSKE OBLIKE STANOVANJ: MORFOLOŠKA INTERPRETACIJA MODERNISTIČNIH STANOVANJSKIH NASELIJ V BANJALUKI IN NJIHOV PRISPEVEK K ZNAČAJU URBANISTIČNE OBLIKE ..................................................................... 78 izr. prof. dr. Nevena Novaković, izr. prof. dr. Dijana Simonović ...................... 78 LANDSCAPE PATTERNS OF HOUSING: A MORPHOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF MODERNIST HOUSING ESTATES IN BANJA LUKA AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE URBAN FORM CHARACTER ....................................................................... 80 assoc. prof. dr. Nevena Novaković, assoc. prof. dr. Dijana Simonović ........... 80 20 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS SEKCIJA 4: VLOGA INFRASTRUKTURE PRI OBLIKOVANJU REGIONALNE IDENTITETE .................................................................................................. 82 TRACK 4: THE ROLE OF INFRASTRUCTURE IN SHAPING REGIONAL IDENTITY .. 83 MOŽNOSTI PRIHODNJEGA RAZVOJA MESTA SAMOBOR V KONTEKSTU ZAGREBŠKE METROPOLITANSKE REGIJE ............................................................................. 84 izr. prof. dr. Lea Petrović Krajnik, prof. dr. Damir Krajnik, prof. dr. Ivan Mlinar .. 84 POSSIBILITIES OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY OF SAMOBOR IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ZAGREB METROPOLITAN REGION ......................................... 86 assoc. prof. dr. Lea Petrović Krajnik, prof. dr. Damir Krajnik, prof. dr. Ivan Mlinar ................................................................................................................. 86 POVEZOVANJE KRAJEV, OBLIKOVANJE IDENTITET: HUBCITIES IN PRIHODNOST REGIONALNE IDENTITETE SKOZI INFRASTRUKTURO ......................................... 88 dr. tehn. arh. Sanela Pansinger, doc. dr. Tomaž Berčič ................................. 88 LINKING PLACES, SHAPING IDENTITIES: HUBCITIES AND THE FUTURE OF REGIONAL IDENTITY THROUGH INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................... 90 dr. techn. arch. Sanela Pansinger, assist. prof. dr. Tomaž Berčič ................... 90 REKREACIJSKA INFRASTRUKTURA IN LOKALNA IDENTITETA .............................. 92 izr. prof. dr. Naja Marot, asist. razisk. Pina Klara Petrović Jesenovec, doc. dr. Dejan Cigale, znan. svet. dr. Barbara Lampič, asist. Jasna Sitar, asist. razisk. Lea Rebernik, prof. dr. Gregor Starc .................................................................................. 92 RECREATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND LOCAL IDENTITY ................................. 94 assoc. prof. dr. Naja Marot, assist. res. Pina Klara Petrović Jesenovec, assist. prof. dr. Dejan Cigale, znan. svet. dr. Barbara Lampič, assist. Jasna Sitar, assist. res. Lea Rebernik, prof. dr. Gregor Starc ............................................ 94 VLOGA BOHINJSKE ŽELEZNIŠKE PROGE PRI OBLIKOVANJU IDENTITETE POČITNIŠKIH OBJEKTOV DO 2. SVETOVNE VOJNE ............................................. 96 Nataša Ülen ............................................................................................... 96 THE ROLE OF THE BOHINJ RAILWAY LINE IN FORMING THE IDENTITY OF HOLIDAY FACILITIES UNTIL WORLD WAR II ...................................................................... 97 Nataša Ülen ............................................................................................... 97 SEKCIJA 5: EKOLOGIJA, IDENTITETA IN GRAJENO OKOLJE: VKLJUČEVANJE EKOLOGIJE IN ARHITEKTURNE OBLIKE .......................................................... 98 TRACK 5: ECOLOGY, IDENTITY AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT: INTEGRATING ECOLOGY AND ARCHITECTURAL FORM ......................................................... 99 PONOVNO PRIDOBLJENE ZELENE POVRŠINE: PRIMER 16-LETNEGA URBANISTIČNEGA AKTIVIZMA V BEOGRADU, SRBIJI ........................................ 100 prof. dr. Saja Kosanović, izr. prof. dr. Julija Aleksić ...................................... 100 GREEN SPACE RECLAIMED: A CASE OF 16-YEAR URBAN ACTIVISM IN BELGRADE, SERBIA .......................................................................................................... 101 prof. dr. Saja Kosanović, assoc. prof. dr. Julija Aleksić ................................ 101 REGIONALNI ARHITEKTURNI ELEMENTI ZA PREPREČEVANJE PREGREVANJA URBANEGA PROSTORA .................................................................................. 102 prof. dr. Martina Zbašnik Senegačnik, prof. dr. Alenka Fikfak ....................... 102 21 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV REGIONAL ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS FOR URBAN SPACE OVERHEATING PREVENTION ................................................................................................. 103 prof. dr. Martina Zbašnik Senegačnik, prof. dr. Alenka Fikfak ....................... 103 RAZVOJ ODZIVNIH TIPOLOGIJ ZA PREOBRAZBO DEGRADIRANIH DRUŽINSKIH HIŠ NA PODLAGI PONOVNE UPORABE GRADBENEGA MATERIALA NEPOSREDNO Z GRADBENEGA OBMOČJA ............................................................................... 104 Miha Čebulj, m. arh. (BI) ........................................................................... 104 DEVELOPMENT OF RESPONSIVE TYPOLOGIES TO TRANSFORM DEGRADED FAMILY HOUSES BASED ON REUSE OF BUILDING MATERIAL DIRECTLY FROM THE SITE ............................................................................................................... 105 Miha Čebulj, m.arch. (BI) .......................................................................... 105 REGENERACIJA TRAJNOSTNIH IN PRAVIČNIH OKROŽIJ: PRIMER DELAVSKE VASI PANZANO V SEVEROVZHODNI ITALIJI ............................................................. 106 Elisa Maria Vittoria Bertolini, Barbara Chiarelli, assoc. prof. dr. Carlo Antonio Stival ....................................................................................................... 106 REGENERATION OF SUSTAINABLE AND EQUITABLE DISTRICTS: THE CASE OF PANZANO WORKER VILLAGE IN NORTHEASTERN ITALY ................................... 107 Elisa Maria Vittoria Bertolini, Barbara Chiarelli, assoc. prof. dr. Carlo Antonio Stival ....................................................................................................... 107 ONKRAJ V ČLOVEKA USMERJENEGA OBLIKOVANJA: PONOVNO RAZMIŠLJANJE O URBANISTIČNEM NAČRTOVANJU IN ARHITEKTURNI OBLIKI Z EKOLOŠKO INTEGRACIJO ................................................................................................ 108 Maribel Salazar Rivera .............................................................................. 108 BEYOND HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN: RETHINKING URBAN PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURAL FORM THROUGH ECOLOGICAL INTEGRATION ..................... 109 Maribel Salazar Rivera .............................................................................. 109 AMBIENT BLEDA KOT VAROVANA KRAJINSKA VREDNOTA V KONTEKSTU KRAJINSKE REGIONALIZACIJE .......................................................................................... 110 Nataša Ülen ............................................................................................. 110 THE AMBIENCE OF BLED AS A PROTECTED LANDSCAPE VALUE IN THE CONTEXT OF LANDSCAPE REGIONALIZATION ................................................................ 111 Nataša Ülen ............................................................................................. 111 SEKCIJA 6: OBLIKOVANJE, KI TEMELJI NA SKUPNOSTI, IN NJEGOV VPLIV NA IDENTITETO KRAJA ..................................................................................... 112 TRACK 6: COMMUNITY-BASED DESIGN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON IDENTITY OF PLACE ....................................................................................................... 113 BEJRUTSKI URBANI AGREGAT: SKRITA VREDNOST SPONTANE MODERNE ARHITEKTURE ................................................................................................ 114 izr. prof. dr. Charbel Maskineh .................................................................. 114 BEIRUT URBAN AGGREGATE: HIDDEN VALUE OF SPONTANEOUS MODERN ARCHITECTURE ............................................................................................. 115 assoc. prof. dr. Charbel Maskineh ............................................................. 115 VKLJUČEVANJE LOKALNIH SKUPNOSTI ZA PRIJAZNEJŠE TURISTIČNE DESTINACIJE. ŠTUDIJA PRIMERA Z LOKACIJE ........................................................................ 116 Barbara Chiarelli, prof. dr. Ilaria Garofolo, Elisa Maria Vittoria Bertolini ........ 116 22 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS INCLUDING LOCAL COMMUNITIES TO MAKE TOURIST DESTINATIONS MORE WELCOMING. THE SITE CASE STUDY .............................................................. 117 Barbara Chiarelli, prof. dr. Ilaria Garofolo, Elisa Maria Vittoria Bertolini ........ 117 UPORABA OBČINSKEGA PORTALA POBUD KOT IZHODIŠČE ZA URBANISTIČNO OBLIKOVANJE – PRIMER JURČKOVE CESTE V LJUBLJANI .................................. 118 Manca Gjura Godec ................................................................................. 118 USING THE MUNICIPAL INITIATIVE PORTAL AS A STARTING POINT FOR URBAN DESIGN - THE CASE OF JURČKOVA CESTA IN LJUBLJANA ................................. 119 Manca Gjura Godec ................................................................................. 119 PREMOŠČEVANJE KONFLIKTOV Z (V)SKUPNOSTNO UTEMELJENIMI PROCESI OBLIKOVANJA: ŠTUDIJE PRIMEROV V STAREM MESTNEM JEDRU KOPRA V SLOVENIJI ..................................................................................................... 120 Marko Senčar Mrdaković .......................................................................... 120 BRIDGING CONFLICTS WITH (IN)COMMUNITY-BASED DESIGN PROCESSES: CASE STUDIES IN THE OLD TOWN OF KOPER, SLOVENIA .......................................... 121 Marko Senčar Mrdaković .......................................................................... 121 SEKCIJA 7: EKONOMSKE PARADIGME IN IDENTITETA KRAJA: RAST, ODRAST IN GRAJENO OKOLJE ...................................................................................... 122 TRACK 7: ECONOMIC PARADIGMS AND PLACE IDENTITY: GROWTH, DEGROWTH AND BUILT ENVIRONMENTS ....................................................................... 123 OD SPORNIH PROSTOROV DO KATALIZATORJEV RASTI: EKONOMSKI VPLIV RUPNIKOVE OBRAMBNE LINIJE IN OBLIKOVANJE PROSTORSKE IDENTITETE .... 124 doc. dr. Janez Peter Grom ......................................................................... 124 FROM CONTESTED SPACES TO CATALYSTS OF GROWTH: THE RUPNIK DEFENSE LINE'S ECONOMIC IMPACT AND SPATIAL IDENTITY FORMATION ...................... 126 assist. prof. dr. Janez Peter Grom .............................................................. 126 KONCENTRACIJA DELOVNIH MEST V SLOVENIJI .............................................. 128 izr. prof. dr. Samo Drobne, Tomaž Miklavčič, izr. prof. dr. Alma Zavodnik Lamovšek ................................................................................................ 128 JOB CONCENTRATION IN SLOVENIA ............................................................... 129 assoc. prof. dr. Samo Drobne, Tomaž Miklavčič, assoc. prof. dr. Alma Zavodnik Lamovšek ................................................................................................ 129 DOLOČANJE GOSPODARSKIH POTENCIALOV SLOVENSKIH URBANIH OBMOČIJ ZA KLJUČNE URBANE POLITIKE ........................................................................... 130 prof. dr. Andreja Cirman, mag. Nataša Pichler Milanović, doc. dr. Melita Balas Rant ........................................................................................................ 130 DETERMINING THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF SLOVENIAN URBAN AREAS FOR KEY URBAN POLICIES .................................................................................... 131 prof. dr. Andreja Cirman, mag. Nataša Pichler Milanović, assist. prof. dr. Melita Balas Rant ............................................................................................... 131 OHRANJANJE LOKALNE IDENTITETE – EKONOMSKI VPOGLED ......................... 132 izr. prof. dr. Ewelina Idziak ........................................................................ 132 PRESERVING LOCAL IDENTITY – ECONOMIC INSIGHT ..................................... 133 assoc. prof. dr. Ewelina Idziak ................................................................... 133 23 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV SEKCIJA 8: IDENTITETA SKOZI OBLIKOVANJE IN IZZIVI PODNEBNIH SPREMEMB .................................................................................................................. 134 TRACK 8: IDENTITY BY DESIGN AND CHALLENGES OF CLIMATE CHANGE ..... 135 VPLIV PODNEBNIH SPREMEMB – MALA LEDENA DOBA – NA ARHITEKTURNO PODOBO SLOVENIJE ..................................................................................... 136 doc. dr. Domen Kušar ............................................................................... 136 THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE – THE LITTLE ICE AGE - ON ARCHITECTURAL IMAGE OF SLOVENIA ...................................................................................... 137 assist. prof. dr. Domen Kušar .................................................................... 137 USKLAJEVANJE PODNEBNO ODZIVNEGA URBANISTIČNEGA IN ARHITEKTURNEGA OBLIKOVANJA Z IDENTITETO KRAJA ................................................................ 138 Barbara Mušič .......................................................................................... 138 BALANCING CLIMATE-RESPONSIVE URBAN AND ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN WITH THE IDENTITY OF PLACE ................................................................................. 139 Barbara Mušič .......................................................................................... 139 TRADICIONALNI GRADNIKI HISTORIČNIH JEDER ZA BLAŽENJE POJAVA URBANEGA TOPLOTNEGA OTOKA – PRIMER STAREGA KRANJA .......................................... 140 Nina Beganović ........................................................................................ 140 TRADITIONAL BUILDING STRUCTURES OF HISTORIC CENTRES TO MITIGATE THE URBAN HEAT ISLAND PHENOMENON – THE CASE OF OLD KRANJ .................... 141 Nina Beganović ........................................................................................ 141 SEKCIJA 9: JAVNI PROSTOR IN OBLIKOVANJE KOLEKTIVNE IDENTITETE ........ 142 TRACK 9: PUBLIC SPACE AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF COLLECTIVE IDENTITY .................................................................................................................. 143 KOLEKTIVNA IDENTITETA KRAJA SKOZI UNIVERZALNO OBLIKOVANJE: KAKO JAVNI PROSTOR OBLIKUJE VKLJUČUJOČO DRUŽBO ................................................. 144 Marina Lovrić, Jani Demšar ....................................................................... 144 COLLECTIVE IDENTITY OF A PLACE THROUGH UNIVERSAL DESIGN: HOW PUBLIC SPACE SHAPES AN INCLUSIVE SOCIETY ......................................................... 145 Marina Lovrić, Jani Demšar ....................................................................... 145 PONOVNA VZPOSTAVITEV JAVNEGA PROSTORA: ISKANJE IDENTITETE V VELIKIH STANOVANJSKIH SOSESKAH S PRISTOPOM PARTICIPATIVNEGA PRORAČUNA. 146 prof. dr. Uģis Bratuškins, prof. dr. Sandra Treija, doc. dr. Alisa Koroļova ....... 146 RECLAIMING PUBLIC SPACE: SEARCHING FOR IDENTITY THROUGH PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING APPROACH IN LARGE-SCALE HOUSING ESTATES 147 prof. dr. Uģis Bratuškins, prof. dr. Sandra Treija, assist. prof. dr. Alisa Koroļova ............................................................................................................... 147 GOJENJE SPOMINA: REVITALIZACIJA IN PRILAGODLJIVA PONOVNA UPORABA INSTITUCIJ, KI TRPIJO ZARADI DIKTATURE ....................................................... 148 prof. dr. Florian Nepravishta ..................................................................... 148 CULTIVATING MEMORY: REVITALISATION AND ADAPTIVE RE-USE OF DICTATORSHIP SUFFERING INSTITUTIONS ..................................................... 149 prof. dr. Florian Nepravishta ..................................................................... 149 PRISVAJANJE JAVNEGA PROSTORA S STRANI ROLKARJEV: IDENTITETA IN VPLIV URBANE REVITALIZACIJE ................................................................................ 150 24 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Victoria Furtado de Carvalho..................................................................... 150 THE APPROPRIATION OF PUBLIC SPACE BY SKATEBOARDERS: IDENTITY AND THE IMPACT OF URBAN REVITALIZATION ............................................................... 151 Victoria Furtado de Carvalho..................................................................... 151 NOVI BAZAR V TIRANI: OHRANJANJE ZGODOVINSKE IDENTITETE V POSODOBLJENEM PROSTORU ....................................................................... 152 Vjola Ilia, Fiona Nepravishta ...................................................................... 152 THE NEW BAZAAR OF TIRANA: PRESERVING HISTORICAL IDENTITY IN A MODERNIZED SPACE ..................................................................................... 154 Vjola Ilia, Fiona Nepravishta ...................................................................... 154 OBNOVA JAVNEGA PROSTORA NA VAROVANEM OBMOČJU MESTNEGA SREDIŠČA WOOLWICH .................................................................................................. 156 Fiona Nepravishta, Vjola Ilia ...................................................................... 156 PUBLIC SPACE REGENERATION IN WOOLWICH TOWN CENTRE CONSERVATION AREA ............................................................................................................. 157 Fiona Nepravishta, Vjola Ilia ...................................................................... 157 SEKCIJA 10: SVETLOBA IN GRAJENO OKOLJE: OBLIKOVANJE IDENTITETE KRAJA .................................................................................................................. 158 TRACK 10: LIGHT AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT: SHAPING THE IDENTITY OF PLACE .................................................................................................................. 159 SENCA .......................................................................................................... 160 izr. prof. dr. Tomaž Novljan ....................................................................... 160 SHADOW ...................................................................................................... 161 assoc. prof. dr. Tomaž Novljan .................................................................. 161 OBLIKOVANJE ULIČNE RAZSVETLJAVE IN NJEGOV VPLIV NA DNEVNO IZKUŠNJO JAVNIH PROSTOROV V LJUBLJANI ................................................................... 162 izr. prof. dr. Matej Nikšič, Loan Berthelot .................................................... 162 STREET-LIGHTING DESIGN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON DAYTIME EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC SPACES IN LJUBLJANA ....................................................................... 163 assoc. prof. dr. Matej Nikšič, Loan Berthelot .............................................. 163 KREATIVNE MOŽNOSTI V TEMI: NEGOVANJE URBANE IDENTITETE SKOZI SVETLOBO .................................................................................................... 164 Janez Grošelj ........................................................................................... 164 THE CREATIVE POSSIBILITIES IN DARKNESS: NURTURING URBAN IDENTITY THROUGH LIGHT ........................................................................................... 165 Janez Grošelj ........................................................................................... 165 SVETLOBNO ONESNAŽENJE V SLOVENIJI ........................................................ 166 mag. Marjeta Zupančič ............................................................................. 166 LIGHTING POLLUTION IN SLOVENIA ............................................................... 167 Marjeta Zupančič, udia, MA ....................................................................... 167 25 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV SEKCIJA 11: PRIPOVEDI MED KRAJEM IN PROSTOROM ................................. 168 TRACK 11: NARRATIVES BETWEEN PLACE AND SPACE ................................. 169 PROSTORSKA PREPOZNAVNOST IN IDENTITETA: IZSLEDKI RAZISKAVE O PREPOZNAVNOSTI IN PODOBI SLOVENSKIH KRAJIN ....................................... 170 doc. dr. Matevž Juvančič ........................................................................... 170 SPATIAL RECOGNITION AND IDENTITY: FINDINGS FROM A STUDY ON THE PERCEPTION AND IMAGE OF SLOVENIAN LANDSCAPES ................................. 171 assist. prof. dr. Matevž Juvančič ................................................................ 171 VLOGA URBANISTIČNEGA OBLIKOVANJA PRI DOSEGANJU BLAGOSTANJA POSAMEZNIKA IN DRUŽBE ............................................................................. 172 izr. prof. mag. Polona Filipič Gorenšek, Manja Kavčič ................................. 172 THE ROLE OF URBAN DESIGN IN ACHIEVING THE WELL-BEING OF INDIVIDUALS AND SOCIETY ................................................................................................ 173 assoc. prof. mag. Polona Filipič Gorenšek, Manja Kavčič ............................ 173 DINAMIKA MATERIALNOSTI: TRADICIJA KOT GIBALO ARHITEKTURNE INOVACIJE ..................................................................................................................... 174 Lucija Kokol ............................................................................................. 174 DYNAMICS OF MATERIALITY: TRADITION AS A DRIVER OF ARCHITECTURAL INNOVATION ................................................................................................. 175 Lucija Kokol ............................................................................................. 175 STANOVANJSKA SOSESKA KOT GRADNIK PROSTORSKE IDENTITETE MESTA LJUBLJANA .................................................................................................... 176 Nina Povše, doc. dr. Matevž Juvančič ........................................................ 176 RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBOURHOOD AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE SPATIAL IDENTITY OF LJUBLJANA .................................................................................................... 178 Nina Povše, assist. prof. dr. Matevž Juvančič .............................................. 178 SEZNAM AVTORJEV / AUTHORS INDEX ........................................................ 180 .................................................................................................................. 182 26 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 27 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV UVODNI GOVORCI 28 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS KEYNOTE SPEAKERS 29 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV KULTURNE KRAJINE: NEKOČ IN DANES prof. dr. Živa Deu Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: ziva.deu@guest.arnes.si POVZETEK Kulturne krajine, ki jih je s svojim delom oblikoval človek, določa seštevek bolj naravnih zemljišč, kmetijskoobdelovalnih površin in prostorov naselitve. Ker naše ozemlje pogojuje izjemna podnebna in geomorfološka pestrost, se kulturne krajine med seboj opazno in pomembno razlikujejo. Vse sestavine privlačno pestrih in raznolikih kulturnih krajin so podrobno raziskane in predstavljene v množici strokovnih in poljudnih gradiv. Med njimi tudi prostori naselitve – naselja in stavbe, pomembno zrcalo postopnega razvoja slovenske kulture bivanja. V prispevku bo osvetljena zadnja, pred več kot dvajsetimi leti izdelana nadgradnja opravljenih analiz in vrednotenj naselbinskih in arhitekturnih raznolikosti. Delo je bilo izdelano s ciljem postaviti dovolj dobro in natančno vodilo za razvojno varovanje podedovanih naselbinskih in arhitekturnih dosežkov. Tako so v paleti kulturnih krajin za vsako od njih predstavljene naselbinske in arhitekturne sestavine kot neprecenljivi vir navdiha za ustvarjanje novosti z upoštevanjem preteklosti, in ne njenim brisanjem. Navedene povezovalne značilnosti pri oblikovanju naselij in stavb so namreč nepogrešljiv in nenadomestljiv kazalnik postopne izkustvene prilagoditve prostoru gradnje, dovršene prilagoditve človekovim potrebam in tudi neprecenljiv dokaz doseženih domačih mojstrskih spretnosti, s katerimi so graditelji v izvirno lepoto združili tuje vplive in umetnostna hotenja kraja svojega delovanja. Z upoštevanjem v raziskavi poudarjenih skupnih sestavin podedovanega bi se pri oblikovanju novega, sodobnega in našemu času prilagojenega razvoja poselitve in arhitekture ohranile ne samo izjemna poselitvena in arhitekturna raznolikost, ampak tudi raznolikost in lepota kulturnih krajin. Poleg tega bi razumna nadgradnja odstrtih dosežkov preteklih graditeljev gradila pot v želeno okolju prijazno, zdravo in prijetno bivanje. Žal raziskava ni dosegla razcveta in ne udejanjanja in zgodilo se je to, kar so redki, predvsem tuji opazovalci napovedovali. Slovenija je postala stihijsko urejena globalna vas, ki jo po hitri cesti prevoziš v pičlih treh urah, brez arhitekture, ki bi ostala v spominu. Da je trditev pravilna, se prepričajte sami! Ključne besede: kulturna krajina, naselje, arhitektura, dediščina, razvoj, identiteta 30 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS CULTURAL LANDSCAPES: PAST AND PRESENT prof. dr. Živa Deu University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: ziva.deu@guest.arnes.si ABSTRACT Cultural landscapes, shaped by human activity, are defined by the sum of more natural lands, agricultural areas, and settlement spaces. Due to the exceptional climate and geomorphological diversity of our territory, cultural landscapes are noticeably and significantly different from one another. All components of attractively diverse and varied cultural landscapes have been thoroughly researched and presented in numerous professional and popular publications. Among them are also settlement spaces − settlements and buildings − which serve as an important mirror of the gradual development of Slovenian living culture. The article will highlight the latest augmentation, created over twenty years ago or more, of existing analyses and evaluations of settlement and architectural diversity. The work was produced with the aim of establishing a sufficiently good and precise guideline for the developmental protection of inherited settlement and architectural achievements. Accordingly, each element within the palette of cultural landscapes is presented as settlement and architectural components, intended as an invaluable source of inspiration for creating new things, considering the past rather than erasing it. This is especially important because connecting features in the design of settlements and buildings are an indispensable and irreplaceable indicator of gradual experiential adaptation to the building space, a refined adjustment to human needs, and an invaluable testament to the skills of local craftsmen who have, with their craftsmanship, merged foreign influences with the artistic aspirations of their place of activity. By taking into account the common inherited components highlighted in the research, the design of new, modern, and time-adapted settlement and architecture would preserve not only the exceptional settlement and architectural diversity but also the diversity and beauty of cultural landscapes. Moreover, a reasonable building upon the achievements of past builders would represent a path toward environmentally friendly, healthy, and pleasant living. Unfortunately, the research did not flourish or materialize, and what was predicted by few, primarily foreign observers, has happened. Slovenia has become a chaotically arranged global village, traversed by a highway that takes only three hours, with architecture that will remain in memory. To confirm the accuracy of this statement, see it for yourself! Keywords: cultural landscape, settlement, architecture, heritage, development, identity 31 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV POMENI PROSTORA, ARHITEKTURE IN URBANIZMA V SODOBNEM SVETU: ISKANJE RAVNOVESJA MED TRADICIJO IN INVENCIJO izr. prof. Aleksander S. Ostan Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: aleksander.ostan@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK 1. Splošno: kompleksna kriza sveta in njene manifestacije v prostoru Prostorčasja sodobnega sveta danes ne ogrožajo le podnebne spremembe, onesnaževanje, vojne, genocidi in etnocidi, fundamentalizmi in terorizmi, diktature in odtujene politike, umetna inteligenca in roboti, odsotnost etičnih standardov in odgovornosti in drugo, temveč tudi vse bolj intenzivna in neselektivna, neobvladana (sub)urbanizacija planetarnih ozemelj. Gradbeni sektor skoznjo proizvaja skoraj polovico svetovnih odpadkov, porabi skoraj polovico svetovne energije ter letno pozida neverjetne površine prostih zemljišč. Progresistična miselnost je v gradbeništvu (povezanem s spornimi politikami ter z nepremičninskimi in zemljiškimi špekulacijami) še vedno prevladujoča, širša ozaveščenost o posledicah takšnega početja pa zelo šibka. 2. Konkretno: pomeni in vloge prostorske kulture, arhitekture in urbanizma Stanje stvari v prostorih sveta bi lahko povzeli kot vse težje berljivo prisotnost tradicionalnih, avtohtonih kultur in njihovih manifestacij na eni strani ter vse glasnejše, agresivno širjenje generičnih, globalizacijskih, univerzalističnih (sub)urbanih krajin. Razpoka med tradicionalnimi in progresivnimi vrednotami, med starimi in novimi plastmi v prostoru, med spoštovanjem naselbinske dediščine in njeno ignoranco, med globljo kulturno ozaveščenostjo in pehanjem za hitrimi zaslužki teče tudi na polju med senzibiliziranimi arhitekti in urbanisti na eni strani ter oportunističnimi načrtovalci, projektanti in graditelji na drugi. Kako vzpostaviti smiseln most in ravnovesje med podedovano »identiteto« in vzpostavljanjem »modernosti«, med tradicijo in invencijo, starim in novim, sta pravzaprav ključna dilema in izziv sodobnih prostorskih strok. Arhitektura si mora za to poslanstvo kot široka, interdisciplinarna in inkluzivna disciplina ponovno priboriti svoje 32 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS izvorno kulturno, umetniško in tehnično poslanstvo, s katerim je od nekdaj opravljala predano vlogo grajenja boljšega in lepšega sveta! V predavanju bom (splošno) skozi niz ilustrativnih podob predstavil kritično stanje stvari, da bi z inspirativnimi primeri (konkretno) iz sveta in Slovenije (vključno z našimi projekti) demostriral, kje ležita moč arhitekture in urbanizma danes. Ključne besede: tradicija in invencija, kriza svetovne civilizacije, naselbinska dediščina, (sub)urbanizacija 33 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV THE MEANINGS OF SPACE, ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM IN CONTEMPORARY WORLD: SEEKING BALANCE BETWEEN TRADITION AND INVENTION assoc. prof. Aleksander S. Ostan University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: aleksander.ostan@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT 1. General: The global complex crisis and its manifestations in space The spatial-temporal fabric of the modern world is now threatened not only by climate change, pollution, wars, genocides, ethocides, fundamentalism, terrorism, dictatorships, alienated politics, artificial intelligence, and robots, the absence of ethical standards and responsibility, but also by increasingly intense and uncontrolled (sub)urbanization of planetary territories. The construction sector produces nearly half of the world's waste, consumes almost half of the world's energy, and annually develops astonishing surfaces of open land. Progressivist thinking in the construction industry (linked to controversial policies and real estate and land speculation) still predominates, while broader awareness of the consequences of such actions is very weak. 2. Specific: meanings and roles of spatial culture, architecture, and urbanism The state of the world's spaces can be summarized as a gradually less readable presence of traditional, indigenous cultures and their manifestations on one side, and the louder, more aggressive spread of generic, globalization-driven, universalistic (sub)urban landscapes on the other. The gap between traditional and progressive values, between old and new layers of space, between respecting indigenous heritage and ignoring it, and between deeper cultural awareness and pursuit of quick profits exists also in the realm of urban planning. There is an ongoing tension between sensitive architects and urbanists on one side, and opportunistic planners, designers, and builders on the other. How to establish a meaningful bridge and balance between inherited "identity" and the development of "modernity," between tradition and invention, old and new—these are the key dilemmas and challenges for contemporary spatial disciplines. Architecture, as a broad, interdisciplinary, and inclusive discipline, must regain its original 34 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS cultural, artistic, and technical mission, with which it has historically served as a committed builder of a better and more beautiful world. In this lecture, I will (generally) present a critical overview through a series of illustrative images, demonstrating with inspiring examples (specifically from the world and Slovenia, including our projects) where the power of architecture and urbanism lies today. Keywords: tradition and invention, crisis of world civilisation, settlement culture, (sub)urbanisation 35 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV SOOBLIKOVANJE ZA PRIPADNOST: IDENTITETA, PRAVIČNOST IN SODELOVANJE PRI SOOBLIKOVANJU MESTNIH PRIHODNOSTI dr. Ceren Sezer Univerza RWTH, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Skupnostni sodelovalni laboratorij za pravične prehode (CCLab), Aachen, Nemčija, e-naslov: sezer@staedtebau.rwth-aachen.de POVZETEK Predavanje preizprašuje konvencionalno razumevanje »regionalne kontekstualizacije« in predlaga bolj vključujoč, v pravičnost in trajnostnost usmerjeni pogled na kraj in identiteto pri arhitekturnem in urbanem preoblikovanju. Namesto da bi se opiralo na ustaljene tipologije ali nostalgične razlage regionalizma, raziskuje, kako lahko participativne, krajevno in podnebno ozaveščene prakse načrtovanja spodbujajo prilagodljivo, pravično in kulturno utemeljeno preoblikovanje grajenega okolja. Zavzema se za kritično preoblikovanje arhitekturne identitete, ne kot ponovitev zgodovinskih oblik, temveč kot dinamično pogajanje o spominu, pomenu in materialnih zahtevah, ki jih oblikujejo družbeno-okoljske razmere. To zahteva oblikovalske načine, ki so prožni, refleksivni in se odzivajo tako na lokalno znanje kot na globalne izzive. Ključno je, da predavanje razmišlja o vlogi arhitekturnega izobraževanja in univerz kot civilnih institucij in učnih okolij, ki lahko oblikujejo prihodnje oblikovalske kulture. Univerze so odgovorne za to, da študente opremijo z veščinami za krmarjenje po kompleksnosti, za sodelovanje med disciplinami in sodelovanje z različnimi skupnostmi. S povezovanjem izobraževanja, raziskovanja in prakse lahko arhitekturne šole pripravijo nove strokovnjake na skrbno načrtovanje za ljudi in planet ter pomembno prispevajo k vključujoči in trajnostni prihodnosti mest. V tem smislu univerza ne postane le mesto pridobivanja znanja, temveč živi laboratorij za transformativne spremembe. Ključne besede: soustvarjanje, pripadnost, urbane prihodnosti, arhitekturna vzgoja 36 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS CO-DESIGNING FOR BELONGING: IDENTITY, JUSTICE, AND PARTICIPATION IN SHAPING URBAN FUTURES dr. Ceren Sezer RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Architecture, Community Collaboration Laboratory for Just Transitions, Aachen, Germany, e-mail: sezer@staedtebau.rwth-aachen.de ABSTRACT This lecture challenges conventional readings of ‘regional contextualisation’ by proposing a more inclusive, justice- and sustainability-oriented perspective on place and identity in architectural and urban transformation. Rather than relying on fixed typologies or nostalgic interpretations of regionalism, it explores how participatory, situated, and climate-conscious design practices can promote adaptive, equitable, and culturally grounded transformations of the built environment. It argues for a critical reframing of architectural identity, not as the replication of historical forms, but as a dynamic negotiation of memory, meaning, and material conditions shaped by socio-environmental realities. This calls for design approaches that are flexible, reflexive, and responsive to both local knowledge and global challenges. Crucially, the lecture reflects on the role of architectural education and universities as civic institutions and learning environments with the capacity to shape future design cultures. Universities have a responsibility to equip students with the skills to navigate complexity, collaborate across disciplines, and engage with diverse communities. By linking education, research, and practice, architectural schools can prepare emerging practitioners to design with care, for both people and the planet, and to contribute meaningfully to inclusive and sustainable urban futures. In this sense, the university becomes not just a site of knowledge production, but a living laboratory for transformative change. Keywords: co-design, belonging, urban futures, architectural education 37 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV ARHITEKTURNA DEDIŠČINA-TEMELJ IDENTITETE IN TRAJNOSTNI KAPITAL LOKALNIH SKUPNOSTI prof. dr. Sonja Ifko Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: sonja.ifko@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Letos obeležujemo petdeseto obletnico Evropskega leta arhitekturne dediščine, ki je pod geslom Future for our Past izpostavilo pomen arhitekturne dediščine za kvaliteto življenja Evropejcev. Amsterdamska deklaracija, sprejeta na kongresu o arhitekturni dediščini oktobra istega leta, je izpostavila ohranjanje arhitekturne dediščine kot enega glavnih ciljev urbanističnega in regionalnega načrtovanja in uvedla celostno ohranjanje kot pristop, ki omogoča celovito ohranjanje dediščine in njeno aktivno vključevanje v sodobno življenje, če izpostavimo le dve najpomembnejši izhodišči, ki sta bili deset let pozneje vključeni v Granadsko konvencijo, kot obvezujoči dokument, ki ga je ratificirala tudi Slovenija. Po petih desetletjih lahko rečemo, da so načelno formalno zagotovljeni pogoji za tovrstno obravnavo dediščine tudi v našem prostoru, praksa pa kaže še vedno številne izzive. Prispevek se osredotoča na predstavitev interdisciplinarnega projekta Dediščina za vključujočo trajnostno preobrazbo, ki raziskuje večdimenzionalno vlogo kulturen dediščine za razvoj lokalnih skupnosti. Dediščino v projektu opredelimo skladno s sodobno konservatorsko teorijo kot proces sprememb vir za trajnostni razvoj lokalnih skupnosti. Obravnavamo jo kot trajnostni kapital – kulturni, družbeni, ekonomski in okoljski lokalnih skupnosti, ki omogoča uravnotežen trajnostni razvoj, če so projekti oživljanja dediščine vključujoče upravljani in upoštevajo realnost razvojno ekonomskih razmer prostora katerega del so. Predstavljeni bodo rezultati dela v okviru štirih eksperimentalnih laboratorijev RevitLabov, ki smo jih izvedli na območjih opuščene in underused nepremične kulturne dediščine v manjših slovenskih občinah. Ti so osnova za oblikovanje modela Kulturna dediščina 4.0, ki bo namenjen usmerjanju projektov prilagodljive ponovne uporabe dediščine, da bi z upoštevanjem ključnih trajnostnih parametrov razvoja dosegali uravnotežene in vključujoče pristope oživljanja arhitekturne dediščine ter njeno kontekstualizacijo v prostoru in času. Zahvaljujem se Agenciji Republike Slovenije za raziskovalno dejavnost za podporo raziskave, ki je financirana v okviru sporazuma o dodelitvi sredstev J7-4641. Ključne besede: arhitekturna dediščina, trajnostni kapital, adaptivna ponovna uporaba, celostno ohranjanje, urbana regeneracija 38 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE THE FOUNDATION OF IDENTITY AND SUSTAINABLE CAPITAL FOR LOCAL COMMUNITIES prof. dr. Sonja Ifko University of Ljubljana, Faculty of architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: sonja.ifko@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT This year, we mark the fiftieth anniversary of the European Architectural Heritage Year, which, under the motto "Future for our Past," highlighted the importance of architectural heritage for the quality of life of Europeans. The Amsterdam Declaration, adopted at the Congress on Architectural Heritage in October of the same year, emphasised "conservation of the architectural heritage as one of the major objectives of urban and regional planning" and introduced integral conservation as an approach that enables the holistic preservation of heritage and its active integration into contemporary life. These are just two of the most important starting points that were included ten years later in the Granada Convention as a binding document, which Slovenia also ratified. After five decades, we can say that the formal conditions for such treatment of heritage are generally ensured in our country, but practice still shows numerous challenges. The paper focuses on presenting the interdisciplinary project "Heritage for Inclusive Sustainable Transformation," which explores the multi-dimensional role of cultural heritage in the development of local communities. In the project, heritage is defined, in accordance with modern conservation theory, as a process of change and a source for the sustainable development of local communities. We treat it as sustainable capital - cultural, social, economic, and environmental capital of local communities - that enables balanced sustainable development, provided that heritage revitalisation projects are inclusively managed and take into account the reality of the developmental and economic conditions of the space they are part of. The results of the work within four experimental laboratories, RevitLabs, will be presented. These were carried out in areas of abandoned and underused immovable cultural heritage in smaller Slovenian municipalities. These serve as the basis for developing the Cultural Heritage 4.0 model, which will be aimed at guiding projects of adaptive reuse of heritage. The goal is to achieve balanced and inclusive approaches to architectural heritage revitalisation and its contextualization in space and time, by taking into account key sustainable development parameters. I would like to thank the Slovenian Research Agency for supporting the research, which is financed under the grant agreement J7-4641. Keywords: architectural heritage, sustainable capital, adaptive reuse, integral conservation, urban regeneration 39 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV VKLJUČEVANJE DOMORODNIH ARHITEKTURNIH NAČEL V TRAJNOSTNO OBLIKOVANJE: PRIMER REGIONALNE ODPORNOST V KANADI dr. Branislav Folić Metropolitanska univerza v Torontu, Fakulteta za inženirstvo in arhitekturne znanosti, Oddelek za arhitekturne znanosti, Ontario, e-naslov: bfolic@torontomu.ca Ivan Martinović Metropolitanska univerza v Torontu, Fakulteta za inženirstvo in arhitekturne znanosti, Oddelek za arhitekturne znanosti, Ontario, e-naslov: imartinovic@torontomu.ca prof. dr. Saja Kosanović Univerza v Prištini v Kosovski Mitrovici, Fakulteta za tehnične vede, Oddelek za arhitekturo, Kosovska Mitrovica, e-naslov: saja.kosanovic@pr.ac.rs POVZETEK Ta študija preučuje vključevanje arhitekturnih načel avtohtonih prebivalcev v sodobno trajnostno oblikovanje v Kanadi. Avtohtone skupnosti že dolgo razvijajo podnebno odzivne in z viri učinkovite gradbene metode, ki so v skladu z okoljsko in kulturno trajnostnostjo. Z analizo ključnih konceptov, kot so izbira materialov, pasivno oblikovanje in prostorska prilagoditev, ta raziskava raziskuje njihov pomen za sodobno arhitekturo in urbani razvoj. V predhodni študiji primerov so poleg konvencionalnih metodologij pregledane zdaj uporabljane prakse, ki temeljijo na metodah domorodcev, pri čemer se ocenjuje, kako arhitekti razlagajo svoje kulturne vplive in vključujejo domorodna načela v svoje projekte. Študija poudarja pomen dela z lokalnimi materiali, spoštovanje okolja in vključevanje skupnosti ter kaže, kako ti brezčasni koncepti prispevajo k odporni in trajnostni arhitekturi. Ker se Kanada približuje vključevanju znanja avtohtonih prebivalcev v splošno prakso, ta raziskava preučuje vlogo arhitektov pri spodbujanju bolj trajnostnega in kulturno ozaveščenega grajenega okolja. Obravnava učinkovitost materialov, dolgoživost in razstavljanje stavb ob koncu njihovega življenjskega cikla ter trdi, da regionalizem lahko ponudi učinkovitejše rešitve za odpornost mest kot zgolj tehnološki napredek. S povezovanjem domorodne modrosti s sodobno arhitekturo ta študija spodbuja ponovno vrednotenje trenutnih trendov in pretiranih projektov. Predstavlja domorodna načela kot podlago za trajnostni razvoj in se zavzema 40 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS za globljo povezanost z naravo, krajem in skupnostjo pri oblikovanju prihodnosti arhitekture. Ključne besede: avtohtona arhitektura, trajnostnost, pasivno oblikovanje, vernakularno oblikovanje, energetska učinkovitost, regionalni kontekstualizem 41 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV INTEGRATING INDIGENOUS ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES INTO SUSTAINABLE DESIGN: A CASE FOR REGIONAL RESILIENCE IN CANADA dr. Branislav Folić Toronto Metropolitan University, Faculty of Engeneering and Architectural Sciences, Department of Architectural Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Kanada, e-mail: bfolic@torontomu.ca Ivan Martinović Toronto Metropolitan University, Faculty of Engeneering and Architectural Sciences, Department of Architectural Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Kanada, e-mail: imartinovic@torontomu.ca prof. dr. Saja Kosanović University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Architecture, Kosovska Mitrovica, e-mail: saja.kosanovic@pr.ac.rs ABSTRACT This study examines the integration of Indigenous architectural principles into modern sustainable design in Canada. Indigenous communities have long developed climate-responsive, resource-efficient building methods that align with environmental and cultural sustainability. By analysing key concepts such as material selection, passive design, and spatial adaptation, this research explores their relevance to contemporary architecture and urban development. A preliminary case study reviews existing Indigenous-based practices alongside conventional methodologies, assessing how architects interpret their cultural influences and integrate Indigenous principles into their projects. The study highlights the importance of working with local materials, respecting the environment, and engaging the community, demonstrating how these timeless concepts contribute to resilient, sustainable architecture. With Canada moving towards incorporating Indigenous knowledge into mainstream practice, this research examines the role of architects in fostering a more sustainable, culturally aware built environment. It discusses material efficiency, longevity, and the disassembly of buildings at the end of their lifecycle, arguing that regionalism may offer more effective solutions for urban resilience than purely technological advancements. 42 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS By bridging Indigenous wisdom with contemporary architecture, this study encourages a re-evaluation of current trends and excessive projects. It presents Indigenous-informed principles as a foundation for sustainable development, advocating for a deeper connection to nature, site, and community in shaping the future of architecture. Keywords: indigenous architecture, sustainability, passive design, vernacular design, energy efficiency, regional contextualism 43 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 1: Tradicija in inovacije v sodobni arhitekturi: ohranjanje lokalne identitete Vodja sekcije: prof. dr. Alenka Fikfak, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo Sovodja sekcije: prof. mag. Tadej Glažar, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo Razprava o dinamičnem odnosu med tradicijo in inovacijami v sodobni arhitekturni praksi bo potekala v širšem kontekstu ohranjanja značilne lokalne identitete z oblikovanjem. Sekcija preučuje, kako arhitekti krmarijo med spoštovanjem zgodovinskih precedensov in sprejemanjem novih tehnologij in idej. Poudarek je na medsebojnem delovanju, oblikovanju in ohranjanju lokalne identitete. Razprave bodo vključevale prilagajanje lokalnih oblik, uporabo lokalnih materialov in vključevanje sodobnega oblikovanja v tradicionalne gradbene prakse. Sekcija spodbuja raziskovanje študij primerov, ko sta tradicija in inovacija uspešno prispevali k močnemu občutku kraja. Obravnava tudi izzive uravnoteženja kulturnega ohranjanja s potrebo po napredku in razvoju. Ključne besede: tradicija, inovacija, lokalna identiteta, občutek kraja, ohranjanje kulture 44 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 1: Tradition and Innovation in Contemporary Architecture: Preserving Local Identity Track chair: prof. dr. Alenka Fikfak, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture Track co-chair: prof. mag. Tadej Glažar, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture The exploration of the dynamic relationship between tradition and innovation in contemporary architectural practice will be debated within the wider context of the preservation of distinctive local identities by design. The track examines how architects navigate the tension between respecting historical precedents and embracing new technologies and ideas. The focus is on how this interplay shapes and preserves local identity. Discussions will include the adaptation of vernacular forms, the use of local materials and the integration of contemporary design with traditional building practices. The track encourages exploration of case studies where tradition and innovation have successfully contributed to a strong sense of place. It also considers the challenges of balancing cultural preservation with the need for progress and development. Keywords: tradition, innovation, local identity, sense of place, cultural preservation 45 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV IDENTITETA IN TRADICIJA V GORIŠKIH BRDIH prof. dr. Alenka Fikfak Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: alenka.fikfak@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Naselbina kot fizična tvorba je sestavljena iz posameznih morfoloških elementov, ki v posebnem medsebojnem odnosu tvorijo širšo bivalno celoto skupnosti. Odnos med temi sestavnimi enotami sloni na načelu reda in urejenosti, ki pa ni vedno razpoznavno. Načela urejenosti, ki se kažejo kot odnos med posameznimi elementi, lahko iščemo v duhovnih vrednotah, načinu in kulturi življenja, združevanju socialnih in gospodarskih funkcij, tehnologiji gospodarstva, družbenih vrednotah in ustanovah, ki imajo vlogo urejanja in organiziranja življenja družbe, ter drugje. Prepletanje odnosa med celoto in posameznim delom ter sestavljanje teh osnovnih »celic« v vedno nove kombinacije je evolucijski proces spreminjanja naselbinskih vzorcev v sistemu poselitve. Ta odnos poteka v vse smeri, odvisen je od trenutnega motiva ali vnosa spremembe, ustvarja in spreminja identiteto ter njen odnos s kontekstom. Zato nikakor ne moremo stanovanjske hiše obravnavati ločeno od sistema poselitve ali vzorca naselbine, še najmanj pa od odnosov dogajanja na ravni osnovne bivalne enote, ki ni samo »stanovanjska hiša«, temveč skupek vidnih in »nevidnih« poti med posameznimi elementi. Raznolikost posameznih delov ali enot je del nevidnega mozaika, ki se prepleta s fizično pojavnostjo vsake naselbine, z objekti, njih zaprtimi in odprtimi območji. Pri raziskovanju naselbinskega prostora je temeljna ugotovitev ta: četudi je cilj zanimanja naselbina kot celota, se spremembe, ki vplivajo na njeno izoblikovanje v določeni vzorec in obliko, odvijajo na ravni posamezne bivalne enote in odnosov s sosednjimi. Členitev prostora v dve skupini, ki sta radikalno vplivali na preoblikovanje naselbinske strukture v Sloveniji: prva je regionalni značaj, ki vključuje vsebine identitete, konteksta, tradicije, lokalnosti in drugo, za drugo skupino pa velja načelo vsesplošni tip gradnje. V prispevku je predstavljeno razmišljanje o spremenljivosti bivalne enote na primeru Goriških brd s pregledom sodobnih primerov raznolikosti poseganja v prostor. Ključne besede: identiteta, tradicija, tipske hiše, primeri sodobne prakse, Goriška brda, Slovenija 46 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS IDENTITY AND TRADITION IN GORIŠKA BRDA prof. dr. Alenka Fikfak University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: alenka.fikfak@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT A settlement, as a physical formation, is composed of individual morphological elements that, in specific relational configurations, constitute a larger living unit of a community. The relationships among these constituent units are governed by principles of order and regularity, which are not always immediately perceptible. The principles of order manifest through relationships between elements and can be identified within various domains, including spiritual values, cultural practices, social and economic functions, technological infrastructure, and social institutions that serve to organise and regulate societal life. The intricate interplay between the whole and its individual parts, and the assembly of these fundamental ‘cells’ into new configurations, reflects an evolutionary process of change in settlement patterns within the settlement system. This relational dynamic operates bidirectionally, influenced by current motivations or drivers for change, thereby shaping and reshaping community identity and its contextual connections. Consequently, the individual dwelling cannot be considered in isolation from the broader settlement system or pattern, nor solely from the functional and relational aspects of the dwelling unit itself. It is part of a complex network of visible and invisible pathways that connect individual elements. The diversity among these units constitutes an unseen mosaic that interweaves with the physical manifestation of the settlement, including its buildings, enclosed spaces, and open areas. In the study of settlement space, a fundamental observation is that, although the settlement as a whole is the primary focus, the processes that influence its formation into particular patterns and structures occur at the level of individual dwelling units and their spatial relations to neighbouring units. The division of space into two overarching categories has significantly impacted the transformation of settlement structures in Slovenia. The first category is regionally characterised, encompassing elements such as local identity, context, tradition, and place-specific features. The second category is based on universal construction principles that transcend regional distinctions. This paper offers a reflection on the variability of dwelling units, exemplified through the case study of Goriška brda, and includes an overview of contemporary spatial interventions demonstrating the diversity of spatial typologies and adaptations. Keywords: identity, tradition, typical houses, examples of contemporary practice, Goriška brda, Slovenia 47 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV IZZIVI POVOJNIH STANOVANJ V ITALIJI: PRIMER SORGANE V FIRENCAH prof. dr. Jean-Pierre El Asmar Kraljeva univerza za ženske, Riffa, Kraljevina Bahrajn, e-naslov: jelasmar@ruw.edu.bh Leonardo Checcaglini Ministrstvo za izobraževanje, Italija, e-naslov: leonardo.checcaglini@gmail.com Patricia Barakat Kraljeva univerza za ženske, Riffa, Kraljevina Bahrajn, e-naslov: patriciabarakat9@gmail.com POVZETEK Zaradi stanovanjske krize po drugi svetovni vojni je bil v Italiji sprejet načrt INA-Casa (1949–1963), obsežna pobuda s ciljem odpraviti pomanjkanje stanovanj in spodbujati skupnost. Vendar pa je hitra širitev mest, ki jo je gnala kvantitativna rast namesto kvalitativnih vidikov, povzročila nenamerne posledice. To ponazarja projekt Sorgane v Firencah, nizkocenovni stanovanjski projekt, ki naj bi utelešal koncept »soseske«. Kljub cilju ustvariti skupne prostore in spodbujati skupnost je Sorgane, tako kot številni podobni projekti, povzročil nastanek anonimnih blokov brez pristnega občutka skupnosti. Pomanjkanje strogih smernic za razvoj mest in pritisk po hitri gradnji stanovanj sta povzročila razvoj nenačrtovanih naselij, ki so zanemarila lokalni kontekst in tradicijo. Ta članek analizira Sorgane skozi prizmo prilagodljivega regionalizma, »genius loci« in skupnosti ter kritično preučuje omejitve modernističnega načrtovanja. Neuspeh projekta, da bi se vključil v okoliško okolje in spodbudil občutek kraja, poudarja posledice dajanja prednosti hitrosti in količini pred kakovostjo in lokalno identiteto. Z analizo projekta Sorgane želi ta študija razkriti izzive izvajanja adaptivnega regionalizma v povojnem stanovanjskem razvoju in pridobiti izkušnje za sodobno urbanistično prakso, pri čemer poudarja pomen spoštovanja lokalnega konteksta in spodbujanja skupnosti pri trajnostnem urbanem razvoju. Ključne besede: genius loci, skupnost, modernistično načrtovanje, družbena razdrobljenost 48 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS CHALLENGES OF POST-WAR HOUSING IN ITALY: THE CASE OF SORGANE IN FLORENCE prof. dr. Jean-Pierre El Asmar Royal University for Women, Riffa, Kingdom of Bahrain, e-mail: jelasmar@ruw.edu.bh Leonardo Checcaglini Ministry of Education, Italy, e-mail: leonardo.checcaglini@gmail.com Patricia Barakat University of Bahrain, Askar, Kingdom of Bahrain, e-mail: patriciabarakat9@gmail.com ABSTRACT The post-World War II housing crisis in Italy prompted the INA-Casa Plan (1949-1963), a large-scale initiative aimed at addressing housing shortages and fostering community. However, the rapid urban expansion, driven by quantitative growth over qualitative considerations, led to unintended consequences. This is exemplified by Sorgane in Florence, a low-cost housing project intended to embody the "neighbourhood" concept. Despite the plan's aims of creating collective spaces and fostering community, Sorgane, like many similar projects, resulted in anonymous blocks devoid of genuine community feeling. The lack of stringent urban development guidelines and the pressure for rapid housing construction resulted in accidental settlements, neglecting local context and traditions. This paper analyses Sorgane through the lens of adaptive regionalism, "genius loci," and community, critically examining the limitations of modernist planning. The project's failure to integrate with its surrounding environment and foster a sense of place highlights the consequences of prioritizing speed and quantity over quality and local identity. By analysing Sorgane, this study aims to reveal the challenges of implementing adaptive regionalism in post-war housing development and extract lessons for contemporary urban practice, emphasizing the importance of respecting local context and fostering community in sustainable urban development. Keywords: adaptive regionalism, genius loci, community, modernist planning, social fragmentation 49 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV ZASIDRANJE PROSTORSKIH INOVACIJ IN RAZVOJA: RISBA KOT CELOSTNA VIZUALNA REFERENCA ZA PRIKAZ PROSTORSKIH NARATIVOV Tim Gerdin Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: timge@uirs.si POVZETEK Risba je predstavljena kot orodje za analizo, razumevanje in vrednotenje posebnih lokalnih gradbenih tradicij in prostorske identitete regije. Z vključevanjem v proces risanja je mogoče poglobiti se v odnos med stavbami in pokrajino ter raziskati povezave med tipologijo, njeno osnovno funkcijo in arhitekturnim slogom, ki določajo neko območje v nekem času. Serija analitičnih akvarelnih skic, ki so v celoti ali delno dokončane na prostem, je uporabljena za ponazoritev, kako je mogoče risbo uporabiti za zbiranje več prostorskih elementov in te predstaviti v kompoziciji tlorisnih, višinskih in perspektivnih pogledov v različnih merilih, kar ponuja celostno razumevanje prostorske pripovedi (Brice, S., 2024, Wylie, J., Webster, C., 2019, Van Dooren, N., 2017, Solomon, B. S., 1988). Upodabljanje vsebin, kot so pokrajina, urbano tkivo, arhitektura, ornament, gradbeni materiali, tehnike in časovni procesi, na risbah spodbuja preučevanje njihovih razmerij, prostorskega reda, zgodovine in zagotavlja poglobljeno znanje v povezavi z grafično pismenostjo. To se še poveča pri sestavljanju celovitih risb, ki predstavljajo posamezni regionalni kontekst, kjer je risar prisiljen izločiti elemente, ki so ključni za uspešno predstavitev vizualno jedrnatega občutka kraja. O tovrstnih dokumentih se razpravlja kot o dragocenih na osebni ravni, pa tudi kot o grafični opredelitvi, ki lahko služi kot sidro pri odzivanju na sodobne potrebe in inovacije, ki zahtevajo prilagajanje vernakularnih oblik. Poleg vloge risbe pri gojenju zaznavanja in spoštovanja duha kraja so predstavljene uporabljene risarske tehnike, orodja in postopki. Risanje je vključeno od začetnega obiska kraja, ko se naredijo skice, fotografsko gradivo in zapiski. Obravnavan je pomen izbire motiva v tej fazi, ki bo določil težišče kompozicije in načine njegove predstavitve. Na kratko so opisane poznejše faze risanja in barvanja. Navedene so podrobnosti o tem, kako navedeno vpliva na končno skico ali ilustracijo. Ključne besede: risba, občutek kraja, inovacija, tradicija, lokalna identiteta 50 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS ANCHORING SPATIAL INNOVATION AND DEVELOPMENT: DRAWING AS A COMPREHENSIVE VISUAL REFERENCE PORTRAYING SPATIAL NARRATIVES Tim Gerdin Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: timge@uirs.si ABSTRACT Drawing is presented as a tool to analyse, understand, and appreciate specific local building traditions and the spatial identity of a region. By engaging in the drawing process, delving deeper into the relationship between buildings and landscape, as well as exploring the architectural style that defines a particular area at a certain time is possible. A series of analytical watercolour sketches completed fully or in part en plein air is used to illustrate how drawings can be used to collect multiple spatial elements and present them in the composition of plan, elevation and perspective views at various scales, offering a holistic understanding of the spatial narrative. Representing subject matter such as landscape, urban fabric, architecture, ornament, building materials, techniques and temporal processes in drawings encourages studying their proportions, spatial order, history and ensures deeper knowledge in conjunction with graphic literacy. This is magnified when composing comprehensive drawings representing a particular regional context, where the illustrator is forced to isolate elements which are crucial for successfully presenting and transmitting a visually concise sense of place. This type of document is discussed as valuable on a personal level, but also as a graphic definition that can serve as an anchor when responding to contemporary needs and innovation calls for the adaptation of vernacular forms. In addition to drawings’ role in cultivating perception and respect of the spirit of place, utilised drawing techniques, tools and processes are presented. Drawing is involved from the initial site visit, where sketches, photographic material and notes are made. The importance of choosing a motif at this stage that will determine the focus of the composition and ways of presenting it are discussed. Subsequent drafting and colouring stages are briefly described. Details are given on how they influence the finished sketch or illustration. Keywords: drawing, sense of place, innovation, tradition, local identity 51 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV ŠTUDIJA DVEH PRIMEROV SODOBNE PODEŽELSKE ARHITEKTURE NA KOZJANSKEM prof. dr. Matej Blenkuš Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, studio abiro, d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: matej.blenkus@fa.uni-lj.si Katja Cimperman studio abiro, d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: katja.cimperman@abiro.net Alexander Cifer studio abiro, d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: aleksander.cifer@abiro.net POVZETEK Članek predstavlja proces prenove domačije Bratuš v vasi Bistrica ob Sotli, ki so jo izvedli Matej Blenkuš, Katja Cimperman in Aleksander Cifer. Projekt vključuje prenovo obstoječe stanovanjske hiše in gradnjo dveh nadomestnih objektov. Domačijo Bratuš sestavljajo tri stavbe: »hiša«, »skedenj« in »kozolec«. Zunanjost hiše je bila pred približno petimi leti prenovljena, vendar skedenj in kozolec nista bila vključena v prenovo. Občina se je odločila za prenovo celotnega kompleksa, da bi ustvarila medgeneracijsko sosesko s tremi stanovanji za starejše in enim stanovanjem za mlado družino. Soseska je zasnovana tako, da spodbuja spontano medsebojno podporo med prebivalci različnih generacij. Vsa stanovanja so najemna. Pri prenovi je bilo veliko pozornosti namenjeno vključevanju vrednot tradicionalne gradnje, kot so uporaba preprostih naravnih in organskih materialov, pozornost do vizualno značilnih in tehnološko preprostih podrobnosti ter prepoznavanje krajinskih in tipoloških značilnosti stavbne dediščine. Hkrati so bili sodobni stanovanjski in komunalni prostori zasnovani brez arhitekturnih ovir, zaradi česar so primerni za starejše in druge ranljive skupine. Postopek arhitekturnega oblikovanja je vključeval metodično izbiro le tistih tehničnih in gradbenih postopkov, ki so lokalno prepoznavni in izvedljivi na podlagi razpoložljive tehnologije in strokovnega znanja. Prenovljena domačija Bratuš spoštuje načela podeželskega prostorskega oblikovanja, hkrati pa vključuje sodobne arhitekturne rešitve, ki odražajo duh časa. Medgeneracijska soseska ni le skupnost mladih in starejših prebivalcev, je tudi arhitekturna sinteza tradicije in sodobnosti. 52 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Fotografije prenove so na voljo na: https://www.abiro.net/en/bratus-homestead/ . Ključne besede: medgeneracijska soseska, prenova, biogeni materiali, sinteza tradicije in sodobnosti 53 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV A STUDY OF TWO EXAMPLES OF CONTEMPORARY RURAL ARCHITECTURE IN THE KOZJANSKO REGION prof. dr. Matej Blenkuš University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, studio abiro, d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: matej.blenkus@fa.uni-lj.si Katja Cimperman studio abiro, d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: katja.cimperman@abiro.net Aleksander Cifer studio abiro, d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: aleksander.cifer@abiro.net ABSTRACT The article addresses the importance of spatial continuity in the Slovenian rural environment, focusing on the architectural landscape of Podsreda– Bizeljsko within the Savinjsko-Kozjansko region. The authors highlight Slovenia's remarkable architectural diversity, which has been significantly compromised since 1955 due to widespread self-building and the homogenization of construction technologies and materials. This has led to a typological erosion of architectural identity, resulting in the emergence of generic “white cube” houses. The study investigates which architectural elements are essential for maintaining spatial recognizability, drawing on the work of Pajer and Fister, who emphasise aspects such as site placement, spatial organisation, construction methods, roof shape, building group composition, and characteristic features (galleries, fences, materials). Although early efforts, such as post-earthquake typified housing projects (1974), aimed to systematise appropriate building practices, later developments prioritised functionality and individualisation over identity preservation. The core of the article presents two case studies: - The residential building at Trebče 56, conceived as a spatial and technological experiment using exclusively biogenic and mineral materials. By limiting construction to traditional materials, the project rejects modern comforts in favour of architectural logic, material authenticity, and spatial continuity. - The Bratuš Homestead Intergenerational Center, which applies similar principles but adapts them to a multi-purpose program, including partially sunken residential units. Despite technological compromises, the design 54 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS maintains the compact geometry of clustered farmsteads and integrates traditional architectural elements. Both projects represent a deliberate approach to contemporary architecture rooted in local context - not through mimicry but through a thoughtful evolution of content, expressing a clear understanding of the connection between form and construction. These buildings remain authentic and recognizable while simultaneously addressing contemporary needs. In conclusion, the article argues that spatial continuity is not only a cultural value but also a foundation for sustainable development. The authors call on spatial professionals to continuously emphasise the importance of architectural heritage and demonstrate how modern architecture, even at a small scale in remote regions, can be both authentic and forward-looking. Keywords: intergenerational neighbourhood, renovation, biogenic materials, synthesis of tradition and modernity 55 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV IDENTITETA IN KONTINUITETA: ŠTUDIJE PRIMEROV V SLOVENIJI asist. raz. Aleš Švigelj Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: ales.svigelj@fa.uni-lj.si Marko Lazić Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: marko.lazic@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK V globaliziranem svetu je identiteta prostora vedno bolj cenjena in želena značilnost grajenega prostora. V sodobnih teoretskih delih in v praksi se postavlja vedno isto vprašanje: kako v današnjem izobilju dostopnih materialov in izdelkov, velikem pretoku idej in praks, spremenjenem življenjskem slogu, novih tehnoloških zahtevah in drugem vključevati, ohranjati in nadgrajevati identiteto gradnje, navezano na tradicijo. Identiteta prostora se je v stoletjih razvijala spontano, saj je bila vezana na lokalno dostopne materiale, tehnike in znanje, s katerimi se je načrtoval in (pre)urejal prostor. To je vplivalo tudi na obseg in raznolikost stavbnih tipov, ki so se pojavljali na posameznem območju. V Sloveniji so bile spremembe vsaj do 19. stoletja še vedno lokalno pogojene, saj je slaba razvitost transportnih sistemov iskanje novih rešitev omejevala na lokalni prostor. Novi elementi, ki se vrivajo v prostorsko strukturo (v slovenskem prostoru se posebno intenzivno izgrajujejo že vse od sedemdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja), so v strokovnih krogih velikokrat ocenjeni kot negativni pojav, saj se vrednotijo s stališča predhodnih, tradicionalnih vzorcev ali pa kot začasni pojav oziroma motnja v sistemu. V prispevku so predstavljeni primeri dobre prakse, ki so bili podrobno obdelani v raziskavi Arhitekturne tipologije in arhitekturne krajine in regije Slovenije (2023). V vsaki opredeljeni arhitekturni regiji je bil izbran en sodobni primer (grajen po letu 2005), ki izraža in ohranja kontinuiteto v posameznih prepoznavnih elementih pripadajoče arhitekturne regije. Ključne besede: identiteta, tradicija, kontinuiteta, arhitekturne regije, primeri dobre prakse, Slovenija 56 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS IDENTITY AND CONTINUITY: CASE STUDIES IN SLOVENIA assist. res. Aleš Švigelj University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: ales.svigelj@fa.uni-lj.si Marko Lazić University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: marko.lazic@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT In a globalised world, spatial identity is an increasingly valued and desired feature of the built environment. In contemporary theoretical works, and in practice, the same question is always raised: how to integrate, preserve and build on the identity of the built environment linked to tradition in the face of today's abundance of available materials and products, the great flow of ideas and practices, changing lifestyles, new technological requirements, etc.? Over the centuries, the identity of a place has evolved spontaneously, linked to the locally available materials, techniques and know-how used to design and (re)arrange space. This has also influenced the range and variety of building types that have appeared in a given area. In Slovenia, at least until the 19th century, change was still locally driven, as the poor development of transport systems limited the search for new solutions to the local area. New elements that are being introduced into the spatial structure (in Slovenia they have been built up with particular intensity since the 1970s) are often evaluated in expert circles as a negative phenomenon, either from the point of view of previous, traditional patterns, or as a temporary phenomenon or a disturbance in the system. This paper presents examples of good practice that have been analysed in detail in the study Architectural typologies and architectural landscapes and regions of Slovenia (2023). In each of the identified architectural regions, one contemporary example (built after 2005) was selected that expresses and maintains continuity in certain distinctive elements of the respective architectural region. Keywords: identity, tradition, continuity, architectural regions, examples of good practice, Slovenia 57 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV NAČRTOVANJE – AVANTURE MED NAVDIHOM, ZANOSOM IN NORMAMI doc. Primož Hočevar Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: primoz.hocevar@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK V vsaki arhitekturno-urbanistični nalogi se je v obdobju odločitve o manifestaciji vizualne podobe, programski zasnovi in posegu v mentalno sliko posamezne lokalne skupnosti treba spoprijeti z nekaj vprašanji. Ali naj gradnja predstavlja zadnji dosežek tehnike in govori jezik sodobnega oblikovanja? Ali je možno določiti čas, ko oblika in funkcija popolnoma zastarata in ju je treba nadomestiti, spremeniti oziroma dopolniti? Ali je arhitektura oziroma arhitekturno projektiranje ves čas in na vseh področjih delovanja podvrženo inovaciji? Ali arhitekt mora delovati kot prestrašena begajoča žival oziroma kot nenasitna zver, ki v hlastanju po oblikovanju lastnega izraza in želji po nenehnem preizkušanju mej ruši in postavlja vse predhodne stvaritve na drugo mesto? To je nekaj vprašanj, ki (si) jih zastavljamo v prispevku. Predstavljamo nekaj vzorčnih primerov lastne arhitekturno urbanistične prakse, kjer smo se v procesu načrtovanja spoprijemali s temami, kot so identiteta, genius loci, kritični regionalizem, izvorna substanca, vodilna misel, kontekst in druge. Odstiramo razloge za nekatere ključne odločitve in predstavljamo vlogo načrtovalca v primežu naročnika in izvajalca ter tudi tradicije in vizije. Predstavljamo šest avantur. Ključne besede: načrtovanje, arhitektura, urbanizem, navdih, norma 58 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS PLANNING−ADVENTURES BETWEEN INSPIRATION, ELATION AND NORMS assist. prof. Primož Hočevar University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: primoz.hocevar@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT Every architectural and urban planning task faces several issues during the period of deciding on the manifestation of the visual image, the programmatic design and the intervention in the mental image of the existing local community. Should the building represent the state of the art and speak the language of contemporary design? Is it possible to define a time when form and function become completely obsolete and need to be replaced, modified and updated? Is architecture or architectural design always and in all fields of activity subject to innovation? Does the architect have to act like a frightened, fleeing animal, or like an insatiable beast that destroys and rebuilds all previous creations in its desire to create its own expression and its desire to constantly test the limits? These are some of the questions addressed in the article. Some exemplary cases are presented from our architectural and urban planning practice, where we have been confronted in the planning process with themes such as identity, genius loci, critical regionalism, original material, guiding thought, context, etc. It reveals the reasons behind key decisions and presents the role of the planner in the grip of the client and the contractor, tradition and vision. It presents six adventures. Keywords: planning, architecture, urbanism, inspiration, norm 59 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 2: Tipologije naselij v sodobnem kontekstu Vodja sekcije: doc. dr. Tomaž Pipan, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta Sovodja sekcije: asist. dr. Kristijan Lavtižar, Corwin Slovenija V zgodovini so lokalni materiali, podnebje, topografija in sistemi produkcije oblikovali vzorec naselij, njihov značaj in strukturo. Tako nastali zaselki, vasi in mesta so osnova lokalne kulturne identitete. Kot kontrast pa v sodobnem času globalnih proizvodnih verig nastajajo vse bolj standardizirani materiali, tehnologije in načini gradnje. Ta standardizacija je pomenila širitev zgodovinskih naselij, kar je ustvarilo vse bolj zapleteno in neberljivo poselitev. Kakšna je ta nova poselitev? Ali nove tipologije še vedno podpirajo kontekstualni značaj, identiteto krajine in njenih naselij? Ali v sodobnem času obstaja kontekstualna urbana oblika? Ali lahko ustvarimo politike za podporo kontekstualizmu in njegovo izgradnjo v dobi standardizirane globalne proizvodnje? Ključne besede: tipologija naselij, globalizacija, lokalni značaj 60 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 2: Settlement Typologies in Contemporary Context Track chair: assist. prof. dr. Tomaž Pipan, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty Track co-chair: assist. dr. Kristijan Lavtižar, Corwin Slovenia Historically local materials, climate, topography and production systems shaped the settlement pattern, its distinct character and its structure. In turn, the hamlets, villages and cities set the stage for distinct cultural identity. In contemporary times however, global production chains reproduce standardized materials, technologies and building approaches. This standardization brought about enlargement of historical settlements creating ever more complex and unreadable (sprawling?) spatial organizations. What are these new settlement types? Do these new typologies still support a contextual character and identity of landscape and its settlements? Does a contextual urban form exist in contemporary times? Can we create policies to support such contextualism? Keywords: settlement typology, globalisation, local character 61 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV BERLJIVOST NASELIJ V ČASU SODOBNIH TIPSKIH VZORCEV doc. dr. Tomaž Pipan Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehnična fakulteta, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: tomaz.pipan@bf.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Skladna zgradba delov naselja omogoča prostorsko prepoznavnost naselja in orientacijo uporabnika v njem. Zaradi obsega in strukture so tako zasnovana zgodovinska območja današnjih naselij, saj so se razvijala postopno. Postopna rast pogojena z geomorfologijo prostora in rabo lokalnih materialov pa so razlogi za prepoznavne regionalne vzorce poselitve. Najširša klasifikacija (podeželskih) naselij v razložena, gručasta in obcestna opisuje te zgodovinske vzorce, ki so dandanes (večinoma) del sodobnih, bolj kompleksnih oblik poselitve. V sodobnem času se je členjenost poselitve zabrisala in struktura prostora temeljito spremenila. Izračun na podlagi današnjega stanja stavb v katastru nepremičnin kaže, da se je v obdobju od 1945 do 1991 skoraj 80% naseljem v Slovenij povečalo število stavb za še enkrat. V obdobju bivše SFRJ sta v Sloveniji gradnja stanovanjskih sosesk v mestih ter gradnja tipskih enodružinskih hiš na podeželju pripomogla k temeljitim spremembam izgleda tako mestnih kot podeželskih naselij. To je bistveno vplivalo na njihovo členjenost in strukturo. Tako nastala poselitev še danes predstavlja problem pri vrednotenju vizualne podobe. V tem prispevku predstavljena metoda določanja morfoloških območij naselij (območij s podobnimi morfološkimi lastnostmi), je način kako prepoznati dele sodobnih naselij kjer prevladuje ena vizualna podoba. V tej metodi je morfološko območje določeno na podlagi osnovnih dimenzij tlorisne velikosti, leta izgradnje ter pretežne rabe stavbe. V času, ko je vsaj polovica stavbnega tkiva tipskega se sprašujemo o prepoznavnosti te podobe. Ali so sodobni deli naselja regionalno značilni? Ali sta razporeditev in kompozicija morfoloških območij naselja regionalno značilni? Oziroma, ali je tako kot sama tipska gradnja, tudi zlaganje morfoloških enot naselij povsod enako? Prispevek bo za izhodišče vzel arhitekturne regije Slovenije in primerjal zgradbo ter organizacijo morfoloških območij treh naselij iz različnih arhitekturnih regijah. Predstavil bo njihove podobnosti in razlike ter se spraševal o regionalni raznolikosti zgradbe sodobnih naselij. Ključne besede: zgradba naselij, regionalna značilnost, tipska gradnja 62 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS LEGIBILITY OF SETTLEMENTS IN CONTEMPORARY TIMES OF STANDARDIZED PATTERNS assist. prof. dr. Tomaž Pipan University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Biotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: tomaz.pipan@bf.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT A coherent structure of settlement (its parts and areas) enables its spatial recognizability and user orientation within it. Historical areas of today’s settlements function as such due to their scale and structure, as they developed gradually. This gradual growth, influenced by geomorphology and the use of local materials, gave rise to recognizable regional settlement patterns. The broadest classification of (rural) settlements into disjointed, clustered, and linear describes these historical patterns, which today are but a part of more complex, contemporary settlement formations. In modern times, the segmentation of settlements has blurred, and the spatial structure of settlements has undergone significant changes. An analysis based on current cadastral data shows that between 1945 and 1991, the number of buildings in nearly 80% of Slovenian settlements doubled. During the period of the former Yugoslavia, the construction of residential neighbourhoods in cities and standardized single-family houses in the countryside led to profound changes in the appearance of both urban and rural settlements. This significantly affected their segmentation and structure. Such settlement forms continue to pose challenges in evaluating their visual character. The method of identifying morphological areas of settlements (areas with similar morphological characteristics), presented in this paper, is one way to recognize parts of contemporary settlements where a single visual character dominates. In this method, a morphological area is defined based on the key dimensions of building footprint, year of construction, and predominant building use. In a time when at least half of the built fabric consists of standardized structures, we question the recognizability of this character. Are modern parts of settlements regionally distinctive? Are the arrangement and composition of morphological areas regionally specific? Or, just like the standardized construction itself, is the composition of morphological units the same everywhere? This paper uses Slovenia’s architectural regions as a starting point and compares the structure and organization of morphological areas in three settlements from different architectural regions. It highlights their similarities and differences, and questions if there is regional diversity in the structure of contemporary settlements. Keywords: settlement structure, regional characteristics, standardized construction 63 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV OHRANJANJE PROSTORSKE IDENTITETE: TRADICIONALNE OBLIKE IN NEDAVNI RAZVOJ NASELIJ V OBČINI CERKNICA, SLOVENIJA dr. Damjana Gantar Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: damjana.gantar@uirs.si Nina Goršič Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: nina.gorsic@uirs.si POVZETEK Slovensko podeželje še vedno ohranja harmonijo med grajenimi strukturami in krajino. Podeželska naselja se bistveno razlikujejo od urbanih območij in te razlike so ključne pri reševanju izzivov sodobnega urbanega razvoja. Zgodovinsko gledano so se podeželska naselja razvijala v tesni soodvisnosti s krajino ter zgodovinskimi in družbenogospodarskimi dejavniki, ki so vplivali na razvoj regionalno specifičnih vzorcev naselij in arhitekture. Članek predstavlja občino Cerknica, kjer sta regionalna arhitekturna identiteta in tradicionalna postavitev naselij še vedno jasno prepoznavni. Značilen tip naselbine, ki odraža nastanek naselbine in linearno delitev zemljišč v nižinskem območju kraškega polja, je trakasta vas, v kateri so kmetije z zgradbami (hiše in gospodarska poslopja) razporejene vzdolž osi, pravokotne na cesto. Kljub priznavanju njihove prostorske vrednosti ter varstvu teh vasi in njihovih delov kot kulturne dediščine novejši razvojni trendi pogosto zanemarjajo te tradicionalne oblike. Hitro uvajanje generičnega urbanističnega načrtovanja, arhitekture, gradbeništva in materialov je skrb vzbujajoče, saj vodi do intenzivnejših in vidnejših sprememb, ki spominjajo na povojno dobo standardiziranih gradbenih načrtov in samogradnje. Ohranjanje prostorske identitete se ne more zanašati le na storitve varstva kulturne dediščine, spodbujati je treba tudi ozaveščenost javnosti in individualno odgovornost. Ta članek predstavlja ugotovitve študije na terenu in analize podatkov izbranih vasi ter končni rezultat raziskovalnega projekta Smernice za obnovo in gradnjo hiš v občini Cerknica. Študija je vključevala intervjuje s strokovnjaki in deležniki (arhitekti, uslužbenci varstva kulturne dediščine, urad, ki izdaja gradbena dovoljenja, in občinski uradniki), ki so pokazali, da se celo strokovnjaki včasih ne zavedajo pomembnih regionalnih in lokalnih arhitekturnih posebnosti. Z upoštevanjem teh razlik lahko vasi in širša pokrajina ohranijo svoj značaj. Smernice projekta, razvite v sodelovanju z občino, služijo kot model za ohranjanje dediščine naselij, hkrati pa spodbujajo inovativne in kontekstualno ustrezne rešitve za prihodnji razvoj. Ključne besede: regionalna arhitektura, tipologija vasi, prostorsko načrtovanje, generična arhitektura 64 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS SUSTAINING SPATIAL IDENTITY: TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENTS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF CERKNICA, SLOVENIA dr. Damjana Gantar Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: damjana.gantar@uirs.si Nina Goršič Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: nina.gorsic@uirs.si ABSTRACT Slovenia’s countryside still preserves the harmony between built structures and the landscape. Rural settlements differ significantly from urban areas, and these distinctions are crucial in addressing the challenges of contemporary urban development. Historically, rural settlements have evolved in close interdependence with the landscape and historical and socioeconomic factors, which have influenced the development of regionally specific patterns of settlements and architecture. This article presents the Municipality of Cerknica, where regional architectural identity and the traditional layout of settlements are still clearly identifiable. A characteristic settlement type reflecting the formation of the settlement and linear land division in the lowland area of the karst field is the ribbon village, in which farms with buildings (houses and outbuildings) are arranged along an axis perpendicular to the road. Despite recognition of their spatial values and protection of these villages and their parts as cultural heritage, recent development trends often disregard these traditional forms. The rapid introduction of generic urban planning, architecture, construction, and materials is alarming because it leads to more intense and visible changes reminiscent of the postwar era of standardized building plans and self-built housing. Preserving spatial identity cannot rely solely on cultural heritage protection services; public awareness and individual responsibility must also be encouraged. This article presents the findings of an on-site study and data analysis of selected villages and the final outcome of the research project: guidelines for renovating and building houses in the Municipality of Cerknica. The study included interviews with experts and stakeholders (architects, cultural heritage protection staff, the office that issues building permits, and municipal officials), which revealed that even experts sometimes lack awareness of important regional and local architectural distinctions. By acknowledging these differences, villages and the broader landscape can retain their character. The project’s guidelines, developed in collaboration with the municipality, serve as a model for preserving settlement heritage while fostering innovative and contextually appropriate solutions for future development. Keywords: regional architecture, village typology, spatial planning, generic architecture 65 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV PREOBLIKOVANJE PODEŽELSKIH NASELIJ NA PRIMERU GORENJSKE STATISTIČNE REGIJE Meta Cerkovnik Regijska razvojna družba, d. o. o., e-naslov: meta.cerkovnik@gmail.com viš. pred. dr. Mojca Foški Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: mojca.foski@fgg.uni-lj.si izr. prof. dr. Alma Zavodnik Lamovšek Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: alma.zavodnik@fgg.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Veliko ljudi se iz mest preseli na podeželje. Najprivlačnejša so tista območja, ki združujejo kakovostno življenjsko okolje in ustrezne prometne povezave. Slovensko podeželje se zato spoprijema z velikimi spremembami, med katerimi je tudi preoblikovanje tradicionalnih vaških struktur. Rast števila prebivalcev in hitri razvoj podeželskih naselij potekata v bližini mest. Na oddaljenih in slabše dostopnih podeželskih območjih pa se, po drugi strani, zmanjšujeta število prebivalcev in s tem tudi razvoj naselij. V tem članku so na primeru gorenjske statistične regije prikazane spremembe v vzorcu poselitve in tipologiji naselij ter je preučeno, ali obstaja povezava med oddaljenostjo naselij od avtocestnih povezav ter demografsko sliko in morfološkimi značilnostmi posameznih tipov naselij. V študiji so bile opravljene prostorske in statistične analize za vsa podeželska naselja (409) v gorenjski statistični regiji, pri čemer so bili najprej opredeljeni trije tipi poselitvenih vzorcev (mestna, podeželska in območja razpršene poselitve), nato pa so bili znotraj teh tipov določeni morfološki podtipi opredeljenih poselitvenih vzorcev. Študija je potrdila tudi povezavo med dostopnostjo naselij in morfološkimi spremembami poselitvenih vzorcev. Na koncu podajamo predloge in smernice za razvoj poselitve v regiji ter poudarjamo pomen preučevanja vzorcev poselitve za nadaljnje prostorsko načrtovanje in razvoj na strateški in izvedbeni ravni. Ključne besede: urbano omrežje, podeželska naselja, gorenjska statistična regija, morfološka struktura naselij 66 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS THE TRANSFORMATION OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN THE CASE OF THE GORENJSKA STATISTICAL REGION Meta Cerkovnik Regional development company, LLC, e-mail: meta.cerkovnik@gmail.com viš. pred. dr. Mojca Foški University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: mojca.foski@fgg.uni-lj.si assoc. prof. dr. Alma Zavodnik Lamovšek University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: alma.zavodnik@fgg.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT Many people move from the cities to the countryside. The most attractive areas are those that combine a high-quality living environment with adequate transport connections. Slovenia's rural areas are therefore confronted with major changes, including the transformation of traditional village structures. Population growth and the rapid development of rural settlements are taking place close to the cities. In the remote and less accessible rural areas, on the other hand, there is a decline in population and thus also a decline in settlement development. In this article, the changes in the settlement pattern and settlement typology are shown using the example of the Gorenjska statistical region and it is examined whether there is a connection between the distance of the settlements from the highway connections and the demographic picture and morphological characteristics of the individual settlement types. In the study, spatial and statistical analyses were conducted for all rural settlements (409) in the Gorenjska statistical region, first defining three types of settlement patterns (urban, rural and dispersed settlement areas) and then determining the morphological subtypes of the identified settlement patterns within these types. The study also confirmed the correlation between the accessibility of settlements and the morphological changes in settlement patterns. In conclusion, we provide suggestions and guidance for settlement development in the region and emphasise the importance of studying settlement patterns for further spatial planning and development at both strategic and implementation levels. Keywords: urban network, rural settlements, Gorenjska statistical region, morphological structure of settlements 67 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV OHRANJANJE IDENTITETE PROSTORA doc. Blaž Budja Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: blaz.budja@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Identiteta skladnih naselij nas pogosto napoti k raziskovanju globljega pomena harmonije. Opomni nas na skladni razvoj podobe prostora, od prapodobe prek razvoja sistemov, prilagajanja danostim do nadgradnje v kompleksne celote. Vedno pa nam napake pri snovanju omogočijo uvid v raznolikost identitet. Snovalci prostora stremimo k popolnosti, z raziskovanjem nepravilnosti in neskladja skušamo določiti pot razvoja, tudi zaradi ohranjanja idealne podobe prostora. Veliko se lahko naučimo, če raziščemo in skušamo razumeti anomalije, ki jih družba povzroči z nezmerno rabo. Harmonijo verjetno lahko dosežemo predvsem in le s spoštovanjem tradicije in z zmernostjo. Nedavno je bila v medijih objavljena vest, da je v Londonu živeči oblikovalec Tim Fu, sicer tudi nekdanji sodelavec Zahe Hadid, predstavil predlog oblikovanja prestižnih vil na Bledu, izdelan izključno z uporabo umetne inteligence. Povprečnemu uporabniku informacijskih orodij je kaj hitro jasno, da algoritmi z neznansko hitrostjo raziščejo prav vse, kar je mogoče raziskati, in z uporabo nabora dostopnih znanj v hipu predlagajo tudi rešitve. Pa je tak odgovor harmoničen? Harmoničen tudi v smislu spoštovanja tradicije? Na to vprašanje si težko odgovorimo, če se strinjamo, da je pojem identitete težje določljiv v mersko izmerljivem sistemu. Z drugimi besedami, identiteto težko izmerimo z metrom. In ravno zato je ohranjanje harmonije še toliko pomembnejše. In kot táko predvsem povezano s kontekstom prostora ter dojemanjem bistvenega in čutnega spektra posameznika. Če kaj, potem je pri vsem tem zagotovo treba opozoriti na pojem lepote, ki oplaja vsa pozitivna čustvovanja človeka. Popolnost torej vodi k izpolnitvi, h kateri stremimo. Vse, kar se v slovenskem prostoru navezuje na tradicijo, bi lahko razumeli kot dejanje harmonije, tudi zaradi spoštljivega odnosa do krajine, tradicije in upoštevanja ZKP.* Morda celo brez umetne inteligence. Ključne besede: identiteta, umetna inteligenca, slovenska kulturna krajina 68 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS PRESERVING THE IDENTITY OF SPACE assist. prof. Blaž Budja University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: blaz.budja@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT The identity of harmonious settlements often leads us to explore the deeper meaning of harmony. It reminds us of the harmonious development of the image of space, from the primordial image, through the development of systems, adaptation to the given conditions, to the upgrading into complex wholes. And always, design mistakes give insight into the diversity of identities. As designers of space, we strive for perfection, and by exploring imperfections and inconsistencies, we try to determine the path of development, also to preserve the ideal image of space. We can learn a lot by exploring and trying to understand the anomalies that society causes through disproportionate use. Harmony can probably be achieved first and only through respect for tradition and moderation. It was recently reported in the media that the London-based designer Tim Fu, a former colleague of Zaha Hadid, has presented a proposal for the design of prestigious villas in Bled, which is made exclusively using artificial intelligence. For the average user of IT tools, it quickly becomes clear that algorithms can explore everything that can be explored with uncanny speed and, using the pool of available knowledge, provide solutions in the same instant. But is such an answer harmonious? Harmonious also in the sense of respect for tradition? It is difficult to answer this question if we agree that the concept of identity is more difficult to define in a quantifiable system. In other words, identity is difficult to measure with a yardstick. And that is why maintaining harmony is all the more important. And as such, above all, linked to the context of space and the perception of the essential and sensual spectrum of the individual. If anything, the concept of beauty, which envelops all positive human emotions, should certainly be emphasised in all this. Perfection, then, leads to the fulfilment we strive for. Everything in Slovenia that is linked to tradition could be seen as an act of harmony, not least because of the respectful relationship to the landscape, tradition and the upholding of the CCP*. Perhaps even without artificial intelligence. Keywords: identity, artificial intelligence, Slovenian cultural landscape 69 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 3: Urbana gostota in podoba kraja Vodja sekcije: izr. prof. dr. Ilka Čerpes, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo Sovodja sekcije: asist. dr. Jernej Červek, Ministrstvo za naravne vire in prostor, Republika Slovenija V ospredju te sekcije je zapleten odnos med urbano gostoto in podobo kraja. Obravnava vpliv različnih gostot na značaj, živahnost in bivalnost mest. Razprave bodo zajemale vpliv gostote na družabno življenje in interakcijo ter splošno urbano izkušnjo. Sekcija preučuje tudi, kako gostota prispeva k izboljšanju identitete mesta ali pa jo zmanjšuje. V tej sekciji so dobrodošle študije primerov uspešnih in neuspešnih načinov nastanka fenomena urbane gostote. Cilj je razumeti, kako lahko urbano oblikovanje in načrtovanje vplivata na gostoto mest z namenom ustvarjanja kakovostnih in prepoznavnih urbanih okolij. Ključne besede: urbana gostota, bivalnost mest, urbana izkušnja, urbana okolja 70 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 3: Urban Density and the Image of Place Track chair: assoc. prof. dr. Ilka Čerpes, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture Track co-chair: assist. dr. Jernej Červek, Ministry of Natural Resources and Spatial Planning, Republic of Slovenia The complex relationship between urban density and the image of a place are in the focus of this track. It tackles how different densities affect the character, vibrancy and liveability of the cities. Discussions will cover the impact of density on social life and interactions, and the overall urban experience. The track also examines how density contributes to or detracts from a city's unique identity. Case studies of successful and unsuccessful approaches to urban density are welcome in this track. The track aims to understand how urban design and planning can manage density to create positive and distinctive urban environments. Keywords: urban density, liveability of cities, urban experience, urban environments 71 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV GOSTOTA POZIDANOSTI IN IDENTITETA KRAJA izr. prof. dr. Ilka Čerpes Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: ilka.cerpes@fa.uni-lj.si asist. Mia Crnič Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: mia.crnic@fa.uni-lj.si Igor Rojnik e-naslov: rojnikigor@gmail.com POVZETEK Gostota je pogost kazalnik intenzivnosti rabe zemljišč, izražena z razmerjem med površino stavbe in površino parcele. Intenzivnost pokritosti tal se meri z indeksom pokritosti parcele, ki izraža pozidano površino kot odstotek površine parcele. Identiteta kraja je kategorija človeškega zaznavanja, ki je ni mogoče numerično količinsko opredeliti. To postavlja vprašanje, ali obstaja povezava med specifično gostoto pozidanega območja in identiteto kraja. Natančneje: ali različne gostote pozidanosti oblikujejo kraje z različnimi identitetami? In obratno, ali enake gostote pozidanosti oblikujejo iste identitete krajev? Da bi odgovorili, moramo gostoto in identiteto kraja prevesti v skupni okvir. Morfološka analiza kraja omogoča pretvorbo numeričnih kazalnikov gostote pozidanosti v tipe in vzorce pozidanosti, kar nam omogoča prepoznavanje osnovnih elementov identitete kraja na podlagi oblike. Posamezni tipi stavb so povezani s specifičnimi vzorci (mrežni, linearni ali točkovni). Ti vzorci ustvarjajo značilno prostorsko razporeditev, ki jo je mogoče vizualizirati v treh dimenzijah. Iz prostorskih predstavitev lahko razberemo ključne elemente identitete kraja: ritem, orientacijo, merilo in mejo. Izvedli smo morfološko analizo urbanega tkiva Ljubljane, da bi raziskali razmerja med tipologijo pozidanosti in gostoto na območjih z različnimi vzorci pozidanosti. V drugem koraku smo izračunali gostoto pozidanosti stanovanjskih blokov v mrežnem vzorcu znotraj ljubljanskega obroča. Identiteto kraja smo ponazorili s fotografijami. Rezultati naše raziskave kažejo, da različni vzorci pozidanosti ustvarjajo različne identitete kraja. Na območjih z enotnim vzorcem pozidanosti se identiteta kraja spreminja le, če se razlikuje tudi indeks pokritosti parcel. Ključne besede: identiteta, gostota, tipologija 72 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS BUILDING DENSITY AND IDENTITY OF PLACE assoc. prof. dr. Ilka Čerpes University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: ilka.cerpes@fa.uni-lj.si assist. Mia Crnič University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: mia.crnic@fa.uni-lj.si Igor Rojnik e-naslov: rojnikigor@gmail.com ABSTRACT Density is a common indicator of land use intensity, expressed through the Floor Area Ratio which represents the ratio of a building's total floor area to the area of the plot. The intensity of ground coverage is measured by the Lot Coverage Index, which expresses the built-up area as a percentage of the plot area. Place identity is a category of human perception that cannot be quantified numerically. This raises the question of whether there is a correlation between the specific density of a built-up area and the identity of the place. More specifically: do different building densities shape places with different identities? And conversely, do identical building densities shape the same place identities? To answer, we need to translate density and place identity into a common framework. A morphological analysis of place provides a means of translating numerical indicators of building density into building types and patterns, which allows us to identify the basic elements of place identity based on form. Individual building types are associated with specific patterns (grid, linear, or point). These patterns create a distinctive spatial arrangement that can be visualised in three dimensions. From spatial representations, we can discern key elements of place identity: rhythm, orientation, scale, and boundary. To address the research questions, we conducted a morphological analysis of the urban fabric of Ljubljana to explore the relationships between building typology and density in areas with different building patterns. In the second step, we calculated the building densities for residential building blocks in the grid pattern within the Ljubljana Ring. The identity of the place was illustrated with photographs. The results of our research indicate that different building patterns create distinct place identities. In areas with a uniform building pattern, the identity of the place varies only when the Lot Coverage Index also differs. Keywords: identity, density, typology 73 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV VPLIV SPREMINJANJA STAVBNE TIPOLOGIJE SKOZI ČAS NA URBANO GOSTOTO IN PODOBO MESTA: PRIMER MURSKE SOBOTE asist. dr. Jernej Červek Ministrstvo za naravne vire in prostor Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: jernej.cervek@gov.si POVZETEK Murska Sobota, kot številna slovenska mesta, se je v zgodovini spreminjala tako z vidika funkcionalnosti kot arhitekturne podobe. Po drugi svetovni vojni je mesto doživelo več pomembnih preobrazb, ki so vplivale na njegov urbani razvoj, predvsem s spreminjanjem stavbnih tipov. Ta sprememba je imela neposredni vpliv na urbano gostoto in podobo mesta ter je pripomogla k prehodu iz podeželskega naselja v sodobno funkcionalistično mesto. Pojem stavbne tipologije, ki vključuje različne oblike stavb in njihove funkcionalne razporeditve, je ključnega pomena za oblikovanje in organizacijo urbanega prostora. Po Čerpes et al. (2019) stavbni tipi vplivajo na strukturo grajenega tkiva, kar vključuje tako posamezne stavbe kot tudi večje celote, kot so stavbni otoki. Z natančno izbiro in prilagoditvijo teh tipov lahko urbanisti vplivajo na gostoto naselij in na podobo mesta kot celote. Spremembe stavbnih tipov v Murski Soboti, kot je umeščanje večstanovanjskih stavb ter stavb z javnimi in storitvenimi dejavnostmi, so povečale urbano gostoto, kar je omogočilo večjo funkcionalnost mesta in boljšo povezljivost med različnimi območji. Urbana gostota, ki je pomemben urbanistični parameter, pa ne vpliva samo na prostorsko organizacijo, temveč tudi na kakovost bivanja. Kakor ugotavlja Mladenovič (2011), je gostota povezana z razporeditvijo aktivnosti v prostoru, kar pomeni, da večja gostota lahko pripomore k večji pestrosti dejavnosti in boljši dostopnosti storitev. Intervencije v obstoječo grajeno strukturo, kot so spremembe v stavbnih tipih, so tako lahko ključne za izboljšanje kakovosti urbanega okolja. Prispevek bo odgovoril na vprašanje, ali se je z intervencijo v obstoječo grajeno strukturo kot odzivom na družbene spremembe izboljšalo urbano okolje z raznolikostjo arhitekturnega in urbanističnega oblikovanja v bolj dinamično, funkcionalno in kakovostno urbano okolje, ki bolje zadovoljuje potrebe sodobnih prebivalcev. Podani odgovori lahko prispevajo k novim načinom urbanističnega načrtovanja. Ključne besede: stavbna tipologija, urbana gostota, kulturna dediščina, podoba kraja 74 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS THE IMPACT OF CHANGING BUILDING TYPOLOGY OVER TIME ON URBAN DENSITY AND CITY IMAGE: THE CASE OF MURSKA SOBOTA assist. dr. Jernej Červek Ministry of Natural Resources and Spatial Planning, Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: jernej.cervek@gov.si ABSTRACT Murska Sobota, like many Slovenian towns, has evolved substantially over time in both function and architectural expression. The most pronounced shift followed the Second World War, when new building typologies reshaped the city’s development trajectory, transforming it from a semi‑rural settlement into a modern functionalist centre. These typological changes affected urban density and, consequently, the city’s image. Building typology—the range of building forms and their functional distribution—is fundamental to the organisation of urban space. As Čerpes et al. (2019) observe, typological choices determine the structure of the built fabric, from individual buildings to larger units such as blocks or “islands”. Through deliberate selection and adaptation of types, planners can regulate settlement density and the visual identity of the city. In Murska Sobota the introduction of multi‑apartment blocks and buildings dedicated to public and service uses notably increased density, enhancing the city’s functionality and strengthening connections between districts. Density is not merely a spatial parameter; it also affects quality of life. According to Mladenovič (2011), higher density correlates with a richer mix of activities and improved access to services. Targeted interventions in the existing fabric—principally through changes in building type—can therefore play a pivotal role in elevating the urban environment. This paper asks whether such interventions, undertaken in response to social change, have produced a more dynamic, functional and high‑quality city that better meets contemporary needs. The findings aim to inform new approaches to urban planning. Keywords: building typology, urban density, cultural heritage, image of place 75 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV VPLIV VRST STANOVANJSKE OSKRBE NA GOSTOTO POSELJENOSTI – ŠTUDIJA PRIMERA KAMNOLOMA PODUTIK V LJUBLJANI Erna Bukovica Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: erna.bukovica@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Vrste stanovanjske oskrbe so zadružna stanovanja, javna najemna stanovanja in tržna najemna stanovanja, pri čemer vsaka vrsta ponuja različne rešitve za razvoj stanovanj v kamnolomu Podutik v Ljubljani. Izbrane tipologije in gostote stavb so prilagojene kontekstu in zahtevam posamezne vrste. Vse tri različice upoštevajo načela trajnosti, estetike, vključenosti, transdisciplinarnega, participativnega oblikovanja in večnivojskega sodelovanja. Primerjalna analiza različic usmerja izbiro optimalne vrste stanovanjske oskrbe. Merila za ocenjevanje se uporabijo za elemente vsake zasnove, najboljše lastnosti pa so združene v sintetizirano rešitev. Možnost javnih najemnih stanovanj ima najvišjo gostoto s faktorjem pozidanosti (FZ) 25 % in faktorjem izrabe (FI) 0,6 ter ponuja najrazličnejše tipe stanovanj za večje število stanovalcev. Varianta tržnih najemnih stanovanj s FZ 24 % in FI 0,6 je zasnovana tako, da ustreza povpraševanju trga in potrebam kupcev. Zadružna stanovanja z nižjo gostoto FZ 12 % in FI 0,5 se prilagajajo obstoječemu trgu in potrebam. Namesto da bi se odločila izključno za najvišje gostote, sem vključila elemente iz vseh treh različic, da bi kar najbolje ustrezali razmeram na tem območju. Rešitev združuje najkoristnejše prostorske enote iz vsake stanovanjske vrste. Ti elementi so dobro povezani in lahko dostopni. Stavbe vključujejo programe mešane rabe vzdolž glavnih ulic, ki ustvarjajo javne prostore okoli komercialnih ali servisnih nadstropij. Ta zasnova povezuje vse elemente razvoja in zagotavlja prehodno, dostopno in skladno okolje za vse uporabnike. Končna sintetizirana rešitev ima faktor pozidanosti 23 % in faktor izkoriščenosti 0,7. To omogoča različne gostote, pri čemer so višje gostote zgoščene vzdolž ceste, kar le-to spremeni v vitalno ulico v soseski, ki ponuja visokokakovostne bivalne razmere s prilagodljivim programom in raznolikimi stanovanji. Ključne besede: vrsta stanovanjske ponudbe, gostota stavb, poizvedba Podutik 76 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS THE IMPACT OF HOUSING PROVISON TYPES ON BUILDING DENSITY – A CASE STUDY OF THE PODUTIK QUARRY IN LJUBLJANA Erna Bukovica University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: erna.bukovica@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT Types of housing provision options include cooperative housing, public rental housing, and market rental housing, each offering distinct solutions for housing development in the Podutik quarry in Ljubljana. The selected building typologies and densities are tailored to the context and requirements of each type. All three variants adhere to the principles of sustainability, aesthetics, inclusivity, transdisciplinary, participatory design, and multi-level cooperation. A comparative analysis of the variants guides the selection of the optimal type of housing provision. Evaluation criteria assess each design’s elements, and the best features are combined into a synthesised solution. The public rental housing option has the highest density, with a built-up factor (FZ) of 25 % and a floor index (FI) of 0.6 and offers the most diverse housing types for a larger number of residents. The market rental housing variant, with a FZ of 24 % and FI of 0.6, is designed to meet market demands and buyer needs. Cooperative housing, with a lower density of FZ 12 % and FI 0.5, adapts to the existing market and needs. Instead of exclusively opting for the highest densities, I have integrated elements from all three variants to best meet the area’s conditions. The solution merges the most beneficial spatial units from each housing type. These elements are well-connected and easily accessible. The buildings include mixed-use programs along the main streets, creating public spaces around commercial or service floors. This design connects all elements of the development, ensuring a passable, accessible, and coherent environment for all users. The final synthesised solution has a built-up factor of 23 % and a utilisation factor of 0.7. This allows for varied densities, with higher ones concentrated along the road, transforming it into a vital street in the neighbourhood that offers high-quality living conditions with flexible programming and diverse dwellings. Keywords: housing provision type, building density, query Podutik 77 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV KRAJINSKE OBLIKE STANOVANJ: MORFOLOŠKA INTERPRETACIJA MODERNISTIČNIH STANOVANJSKIH NASELIJ V BANJALUKI IN NJIHOV PRISPEVEK K ZNAČAJU URBANISTIČNE OBLIKE izr. prof. dr. Nevena Novaković Univerza v Banja Luki, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Banja Luka, Bosna in Hercegovina, e-naslov: nevena.novakovic@aggf.unibl.org izr. prof. dr. Dijana Simonović Univerza v Banja Luki, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Banja Luka, Bosna in Hercegovina, e-naslov: dijana.simonovic@aggf.unibl.org POVZETEK Modernistična stanovanjska naselja, prepoznavna po svoji bogati odprtosti in zelenju, v Bosni in Hercegovini veljajo za izjemno dragoceno dediščino in so vredna zaščite. Nasprotno pa jih je mogoče obravnavati kot potencialna gradbišča za povečanje gostote pozidave. Kot prevladujoče gradbene enote in orodja urbanizacije po drugi svetovni vojni so manjše stanovanjske enote in večja naselja pomembno vplivali na bosansko urbano krajino in bivalno kulturo, vključno z Banjaluko. Prostorska odprtost, ki jo ustvarjajo te konfiguracije stanovanj, je bila in še vedno je odločilna značilnost urbane oblike in podobe mesta. Glede modernističnih stanovanjskih naselij v Banjaluki še ni bilo izvedenih sistematičnih morfoloških raziskav, ki bi razumele njihove tipološke vzorce in vpliv na obliko mesta. Poleg tega obstaja le nekaj posameznih študij primerov na ravni Bosne in Hercegovine, osredotočenih na estetske vrednosti stanovanjskih stavb in njihovo kompozicijo. Ta raziskava uporablja tipomorfološko metodo v kombinaciji s krajinsko usmerjeno metodo. Morfološka študija uporablja kartiranje na mizi, terensko kartiranje in arhivske raziskave kot primarno metodo preučevanja stanovanjskih naselij kot ključnih enot urbanega razvoja v drugi polovici 20. stoletja, pri čemer sledi njihovemu morfološkemu razvoju in vplivu na urbano obliko. Krajinska perspektiva omogoča razumevanje stanovanjske oblike skozi izkušnjo bivanja v širšem okolju. Študija je opredelila tri zaporedne krajinske vzorce stanovanj, obravnavane v kontekstu lokalnih in nacionalnih družbenogospodarskih okoliščin ter prevladujočih paradigem arhitekturne kulture. Odprti in zeleni prostori znotraj stanovanjskih konfiguracij so prepoznani kot povezovalni in posredniški 78 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS elementi med domačo notranjostjo in mestom v širšem kontekstu. Rezultati lahko podpirajo razvoj metodologije valorizacije modernističnih stanovanjskih naselij, hkrati pa spodbujajo aktivno ohranjanje urbane krajine in podobe mesta z vzpostavitvijo norm odprtosti za načrtovanje novih stanovanjskih enot. Ključne besede: modernistična stanovanjska naselja, urbana krajina, krajinski vzorci, urbana oblika, Banjaluka 79 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV LANDSCAPE PATTERNS OF HOUSING: A MORPHOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF MODERNIST HOUSING ESTATES IN BANJA LUKA AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE URBAN FORM CHARACTER assoc. prof. dr. Nevena Novaković University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Hercegovina, e-mail: nevena.novakovic@aggf.unibl.org assoc. prof. dr. Dijana Simonović University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Hercegovina, e-mail: dijana.simonovic@aggf.unibl.org ABSTRACT Modernist housing estates, recognisable for their generous openness and greenery, are exceptionally regarded as valuable heritage in Bosnia and Herzegovina and worthy of protection. On the contrary, they are open to consideration as potential construction sites aiming at increasing building density. As the predominant construction units and urbanisation tools after the Second World War, smaller housing units and larger estates have significantly influenced the Bosnian urban landscape and dwelling culture, including Banja Luka. The spatial openness created by these housing configurations has been, and continues to be, a defining feature of the city's urban form and image. Systematic morphological research has not been conducted on modernist housing estates in Banja Luka to understand their typological patterns and influence on the city form. Moreover, there are only several individual case studies at the level of Bosnia and Herzegovina, focused on the aesthetic values of residential buildings and their composition. This research employs a typomorphological method combined with a landscape-oriented approach. The morphological study utilises desk mapping, terrain mapping, and archival research as its primary tactics to examine housing estates as key units of urban development during the second half of the 20th century, tracing their morphological evolution and influence on urban form. The landscape perspective enables an understanding of the housing form through the dwelling experience of the wider environment. The study identified three successive landscape patterns of housing, considered in the context of local and national socio-economic 80 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS circumstances and dominant paradigms of architectural culture. Open and green spaces within housing configurations are recognised as connecting and mediating elements between the domestic interior and the city in a broader context. The results can support the development of a valorization methodology for modernist housing estates while simultaneously promoting the active preservation of the urban landscape and the city's image by establishing openness norms for the design of new housing units. Keywords: modernist housing estates, urban landscape, landscape patterns, urban form, Banja Luka 81 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 4: Vloga infrastrukture pri oblikovanju regionalne identitete Vodja sekcije: doc. dr. Luka Mladenovič, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije Sovodja sekcije: izr. prof. dr. Lea Petrovič Krajnik, Univerza v Zagrebu, Fakulteta za arhitekturo Sekcija preučuje pogosto prezrt vpliv infrastrukture na regionalno identiteto. Raziskuje, kako prometna omrežja, energetski sistemi, komunikacijske tehnologije in drugi infrastrukturni elementi oblikujejo značaj in povezanost regije, kako lahko infrastrukturne naložbe podpirajo regionalni razvoj, hkrati pa spoštujejo in krepijo lokalne identitete. Razprave bodo zajemale socialne, gospodarske in okoljske vplive infrastrukturnih projektov na dojemanje regionalne in lokalne identitete. Sekcija je namenjena spodbujanju raziskovanja inovativnih načinov oblikovanja infrastrukture, ki prispeva k močnejšemu zavedanju pomena kraja. Ključne besede: regionalna identiteta, povezanost, infrastruktura, oblikovanje infrastrukture 82 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 4: The Role of Infrastructure in Shaping Regional Identity Track chair: assist. prof. dr. Luka Mladenovič, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia Track co-chair: assoc. prof. dr. Lea Petrovič Krajnik, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture Track 3 examines the often-overlooked influence of infrastructure on regional identity. It investigates how transportation networks, energy systems, communication technologies, and other infrastructure elements shape a region's character and connectivity. The track will consider how infrastructure investments can support regional development while also respecting and reinforcing local identities. Discussions will cover the social, economic and environmental impacts of infrastructure projects. The track encourages the exploration of innovative approaches to infrastructure design that contribute to a stronger sense of place. Keywords: regional identity, connectivity, infrastructure, infrastructure design 83 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV MOŽNOSTI PRIHODNJEGA RAZVOJA MESTA SAMOBOR V KONTEKSTU ZAGREBŠKE METROPOLITANSKE REGIJE izr. prof. dr. Lea Petrović Krajnik Univerza v Zagrebu, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Zagreb, Hrvaška, e-naslov: lea.petrovic@arhitekt.hr prof. dr. Damir Krajnik Univerza v Zagrebu, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Zagreb, Hrvaška, e-naslov: dkrajnik@arhitekt.hr prof. dr. Ivan Mlinar Univerza v Zagrebu, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Zagreb, Hrvaška, e-naslov: ivan.mlinar@arhitekt.hr POVZETEK Majhna in srednje velika mesta so pomembni elementi policentrične urbane strukture Evropske unije, imajo pa tudi pomembno vlogo pri regionalnem razvoju. Pomembna so za gospodarski razvoj in družbeno blaginjo, hkrati pa zagotavljajo delovna mesta in storitve. Poleg dobrih razmer za bivanje in delo imajo ta mesta tudi možnosti za dobro kakovost življenja. Majhna mesta, znana kot satelitska mesta, ki so nastala med decentralizacijo osrednjih mest in dinamičnimi prostorskimi družbenogospodarskimi procesi, so pomembna razvojna danost za celotno metropolitansko regijo. Čeprav so formalno in pravno neodvisna od osrednjega mesta, so z njim skoraj vedno funkcionalno tesno povezana. Njihove dobre prometne povezave z osrednjim mestom omogočajo njihov razvoj ne le kot »spalnih mest«, temveč tudi kot urbanih entitet s specifičnimi funkcijami. V skladu z evropskimi trendi se je med razvojem direktivne regulativne podlage Zagreba (1947–1953) pokazala potreba po širšem regionalnem načrtovanju, da bi ustvarili ustrezne razmere za intenzivnejšo urbanizacijo zagrebške regije z razvojem industrijskih regionalnih središč. V sedemdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja, v obdobju intenzivne suburbanizacije evropskih mest, je bil izdelan prostorski načrt zagrebške regije, ki je predlagal uvedbo koncepta sekundarnih (satelitskih) središč okoli Zagreba za razbremenitev glavnega mesta. Cilj tega članka je prikazati možnosti prihodnjega razvoja mesta Samobor kot enega od satelitov zagrebške metropolitanske regije, ki ga zaznamuje posebna prostorska identiteta. Poleg tega sta poudarjeni potreba po načrtovanju dolgoročnega razvoja majhnih mest, ki temelji na dosedanjih 84 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS načrtovalskih praksah in dinamičnih spremembah v prostoru, ter potreba po celovitem pregledu območja v kontekstu regije kot širše prostorske celote. Ključne besede: celovito načrtovanje, metropolitanska regija, Samobor, satelitsko mesto, prostorsko načrtovanje, urbana identiteta 85 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV POSSIBILITIES OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY OF SAMOBOR IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ZAGREB METROPOLITAN REGION assoc. prof. dr. Lea Petrović Krajnik University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Zagreb, Croatia, e-mail: lea.petrovic@arhitekt.hr prof. dr. Damir Krajnik University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Zagreb, Croatia, e-mail: dkrajnik@arhitekt.hr prof. dr. Ivan Mlinar University of Zagreb, Faculty of Architecture, Zagreb, Croatia, e-mail: ivan.mlinar@arhitekt.hr ABSTRACT In addition to being significant elements of the polycentric urban structure of the European Union, small and medium-sized towns have a significant role in the context of regional development. They are important for economic development and social well-being while providing jobs and services. Besides offering good living and working conditions, these towns have the possibilities for good quality of life. Small towns, known as satellite towns, that emerged during the decentralization of central cities and dynamic spatial socio-economic processes, represent a significant development potential for the entire metropolitan region. Although formally and legally independent from the central city, they are almost always functionally closely connected to it. Their good transport connections with the central city enable their development not only as "dormitories" but also as urban entities with specific functions. Following European trends, during the development of the directive regulatory basis of Zagreb (1947-1953) the need for wider region planning was indicated to create preconditions for more intensive urbanization of the Zagreb region by developing industrial regional centres. During the 1970s, in the period of intensive suburbanization of European cities, the Spatial Plan of the Zagreb region was made proposing the introduction of the concept of secondary (satellite) centres around Zagreb for disburdening the capital. The aim of this paper is to show the possibilities of the future development of the city of Samobor as one of the satellites of the Zagreb metropolitan region, which is characterized by a special spatial identity. In addition, the need for 86 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS planning the long-term development of small towns, based on previous planning practices and dynamic changes in space is pointed out, as well as the need for a comprehensive overview of the area in the context of the region as a wider spatial entity. Keywords: comprehensive planning, metropolitan region, Samobor, satellite town, spatial planning, urban identity 87 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV POVEZOVANJE KRAJEV, OBLIKOVANJE IDENTITET: HUBCITIES IN PRIHODNOST REGIONALNE IDENTITETE SKOZI INFRASTRUKTURO dr. tehn. arh. Sanela Pansinger Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: sanela.pansinger@fa.uni-lj.si doc. dr. Tomaž Berčič Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: tomaz.bercic@fauni-lj.si Vloga infrastrukture pri oblikovanju regionalne identitete postaja vse prepoznavnejši dejavnik trajnostnega razvoja mest in regij. Ena od sodobnih metod obravnave tega vprašanja je model »Focus-Axis Model« – UrbBAHN (urbana železniška os). Ta metoda želi vzpostaviti uravnoteženo in prihodnosti prilagojeno prostorsko infrastrukturo, ki naselja vzdolž železniške osi povezuje na način, ki spominja na akupunkturo – z majhnimi, a natančnimi in premišljenimi posegi. Infrastruktura tu ni zgolj komunikacijsko omrežje, temveč sredstvo, ki odraža duh kraja (Spirit of Place) in aktivno soustvarja novo regionalno identiteto. V središču modela UrbBAHN je železniška os, ki povezuje obstoječa naselja in zgodovinska mesta ter vzpostavlja kulturni prostor z lastno prepoznavnostjo. Na prvi pogled se zdita pojma infrastrukture in genius loci – edinstvenega značaja kraja – težko združljiva. A prav v njunem prepletu se odpre nova razsežnost regionalne identitete. Infrastruktura tukaj deluje kot nosilka genius loci: ohranja posebnosti posameznih krajev, hkrati pa spodbuja razvoj in uvaja sveže metode. Duh kraja, razumljen kot čustvena in kulturna vrednost prostora, tako prek infrastrukture ne le preživi, temveč se tudi razvija. Pri tem imajo posebno vlogo t. i. HubCities – prometna vozlišča, kot so letališča in pristanišča. Ta vozlišča ne omogočajo le povezovanja različnih funkcionalnih in kulturnih prostorov, temveč tudi širitev urbanih območij ter njihovo vključitev v širše regijske ureditve. V povezavi z modelom UrbBAHN prispevajo k oblikovanju bolj prilagodljivih, prepletenih in odpornih prostorov, ki krepijo občutek skupne identitete. Njihova vključenost v celovite infrastrukturne rešitve omogoča učinkovitejšo povezanost in spodbuja trajnostno mobilnost – temelj uravnoteženega in stabilnega kulturnega prostora. UrbBAHN tako spodbuja celostni urbani in regionalni razvoj, ki ni zgolj ekološko, gospodarsko in družbeno trajnosten, temveč ustvarja tudi nove kulturne in družbene vrednosti. Združevanje energetske učinkovitosti, 88 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS trajnostne mobilnosti in kakovostne prostorske zasnove prispeva k oblikovanju prilagodljivih in odpornih prostorskih struktur. Ena ključnih lastnosti take infrastrukture je njena sposobnost, da hkrati povezuje in razmejuje – da vzpostavlja povezave, a obenem ohranja posebnosti krajev. Prav ta dinamična napetost med povezovanjem in ločevanjem je bistveni del duha kraja (Spirit of Place), ki krepi identiteto prostora in jo ohranja živo. Ključne besede: infrastruktura, regionalna identiteta, genius loci, HubCities, urbana transformacija, UrbBAHN, Koralmbahn Axis, urbano in regionalno načrtovanje 89 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV LINKING PLACES, SHAPING IDENTITIES: HUBCITIES AND THE FUTURE OF REGIONAL IDENTITY THROUGH INFRASTRUCTURE dr. techn. arch. Sanela Pansinger University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: sanela.pansinger@fa.uni-lj.si assist. prof. dr. Tomaž Berčič University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: tomaz.bercic@fauni-lj.si ABSTRACT The Role of Infrastructure in Shaping Regional Identity is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the sustainable development of cities and regions. The "Focus-Axis Model" – UrbBAHN (Urban Railway Axis) is an innovative approach that addresses this challenge. This approach aims to create a balanced, future-oriented spatial structure by connecting settlements along an acupuncture-like axis. Here, infrastructure is understood not only as a functional network but as a medium that embodies the Spirit of Place and actively contributes to forming a new regional identity. The core of the network is the railway axis, which connects existing settlements and historical sites, thereby creating a "cultural space" with its own unique identity. Infrastructure in connection with Genius Loci – two terms that might initially seem incompatible – together opens up a deeper dimension of regional identity. Infrastructure is viewed here as the bearer of Genius Loci that embodies a place's unique essence and spirit, shaping its atmosphere and influencing the experiences of those who inhabit or visit it. It preserves the specific character of the region while also setting new developmental impulses. The Spirit of Place understood as a place's emotional and cultural significance, is activated and further developed through infrastructural measures. HubCities play a central role in this context by connecting these structures with larger regional systems. HubCities, which include key transport hubs such as airports and seaports, facilitate the expansion of urban areas and the integration of various functional and cultural spaces. In connection with the UrbBAHN model, they promote the creation of flexible, interconnected, and resilient spaces that actively activate a new regional identity. Integrating these hubs into comprehensive infrastructure systems enhances 90 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS connectivity and sustainable mobility, crucial for developing a balanced and resilient cultural space. UrbBAHN promotes an integrative urban and regional development that is ecologically, economically, and socially sustainable and creates cultural and social values. The combination of energy efficiency, sustainable mobility, and design quality supports the development of a flexible and resilient spatial structure. One of the key characteristics of design sustainability is the infrastructure's ability to create connections and separations that serve and simultaneously preserve regional identity. This dynamic interaction between connection and separation is an essential aspect of the Spirit of Place, strengthening the identity of the space and keeping it alive. Keywords: infrastructure, regional identity, genius loci, HubCities, urban transformation, UrbBAHN, Koralmbahn Axis, urban and regional planning 91 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV REKREACIJSKA INFRASTRUKTURA IN LOKALNA IDENTITETA izr. prof. dr. Naja Marot Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za krajinsko arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: naja.marot@bf.uni-lj.si asist. razisk. Pina Klara Petrović Jesenovec Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za krajinsko arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: pinaklara.petrovicjesenovec@bf.uni-lj.si doc. dr. Dejan Cigale Univerza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta, Oddelek za geografijo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: dejan.cigale@ff.uni-lj.si znan. svet. dr. Barbara Lampič Univerza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta, Oddelek za geografijo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: barbara.lampic@ff.uni-lj.si asist. Jasna Sitar Univerza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta, Oddelek za geografijo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: jasna.sitar@ff.uni-lj.si asist. razisk. Lea Rebernik Univerza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta, Oddelek za geografijo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: lea.rebernik@ff.uni-lj.si prof. dr. Gregor Starc Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za šport, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: gregor.starc@fsp.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Rekreacijska infrastruktura se je v zadnjih desetletjih nenehno spreminjala. Spremenjene rekreacijske navade in življenjski slog prebivalstva so vplivali na povpraševanje po infrastrukturi. Še več, sredstva, ki so na voljo prek različnih programov in pobud EU, so privedla do razvoja in gradnje novih vrst rekreacijske infrastrukture, kot so utrjene krožne poti (angl. pumptrack), motorni parki, fitnes na prostem in drugo. Ta pojav je bil raziskan v okviru slovenskega raziskovalnega projekta »Upravljanje prostora ter stanje rekreacijske infrastrukture in rekreacijskih navad v kontekstu družbenih sprememb v zadnjih treh desetletjih«. Priprava tipologije rekreacijske infrastrukture je služila kot izhodišče za terensko delo v treh izbranih občinah po vsej Sloveniji, ki se razlikujejo tako po geografskih značilnostih kot po rekreacijskih vzorcih in infrastrukturi. Študija primera v občinah Nova Gorica, Trbovlje in Ormož nam je omogočila razmislek o lokalnih razlikah, tako v rekreacijskih vzorcih kot tudi v infrastrukturi. V vseh treh primerih je bila 92 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS opredeljena specifična prostorsko usmerjena infrastruktura, poleg nje pa tudi prevladujoče rekreacijske dejavnosti v teh krajih, ki so večinoma zakoreninjene v lokalni tradiciji. Znotraj občin je bila opažena tudi razlika med urbanimi območji (veliko večja raznolikost infrastrukture) in podeželjem, kjer večnamenska športna območja, kot so športni parki (najpogosteje osredotočeni okoli nogometnega igrišča), niso le rekreacijski objekti, temveč tudi kraji za druženje in krepitev lokalnih družbenih odnosov in identitete. Raziskava je tako ponudila priložnost za razmislek o prostorsko usmerjeni rekreacijski infrastrukturi, o tem, kako se razlikuje v različnih občinah ali glede na vrsto ozemlja znotraj občine in kako se to nato odraža v rekreacijskih navadah. Te rekreacijske navade so, kot so pokazali intervjuji in fokusne skupine, tudi pomemben del lokalne identitete, npr. rokomet v Ormožu. Ključne besede: rekreacijska infrastruktura, rekreacijske navade, lokalna raven, lokalna identiteta, Slovenija 93 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV RECREATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND LOCAL IDENTITY assoc. prof. dr. Naja Marot University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Landscape Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: naja.marot@bf.uni-lj.si assist. res. Pina Klara Petrović Jesenovec University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Landscape Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: pinaklara.petrovicjesenovec@bf.uni-lj.si assist. prof. dr. Dejan Cigale University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Department of Geography, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: dejan.cigale@ff.uni-lj.si znan. svet. dr. Barbara Lampič University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Department of Geography, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: barbara.lampic@ff.uni-lj.si assist. Jasna Sitar University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Department of Geography, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: jasna.sitar@ff.uni-lj.si assist. res. Lea Rebernik University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Department of Geography, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: lea.rebernik@ff.uni-lj.si prof. dr. Gregor Starc University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Sports, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: gregor.starc@fsp.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT Recreational infrastructure has been in the last decades constantly changing. Changed recreational habits and life styles of the population have influenced which infrastructure is demanded. More so, funds available via different EU programmes and initiatives have also resulted in development and construction of new types of recreational infrastructure, such as pump tracks, motoric parks, outdoor fitness and others. This phenomenon has been investigated in the frame of the Slovenian research project ‘Spatial management, and status of recreational infrastructure and recreational habits in the context of social changes in the last three decades’. The preparation of the typology of recreational infrastructure served as a starting point for field work in three selected municipalities across Slovenia which 94 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS vary both in geographic characteristics and in recreational patterns and infrastructure. The case study work in municipalities Nova Gorica, Trbovlje and Ormož has enabled us to reflect on local differences, both in recreational patterns and in the infrastructure. Specific place-based infrastructure was identified in all three cases, as were the prevailing recreation activities in these localities that are mostly rooted in the local tradition. Within the municipalities, a difference was also noted between the urban areas (much bigger variety of infrastructure) and countryside where the multifunctional sport areas like sport parks (most commonly centred around the football pitch) present not only a recreational facility, but also a location to socialize and boost the local social relations and identity. Thus, the research has offered an opportunity to reflect on a place-based recreational infrastructure, how it differentiates comparing different municipalities or the type of territories within the municipality, and how this then resonated in the recreational habits. These recreation habits are, as the interviews and focus groups have revealed, also an important part of the local identity, e.g. handball in Ormož. Keywords: recreational infrastructure, recreation habits, local level, local identity, Slovenia 95 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV VLOGA BOHINJSKE ŽELEZNIŠKE PROGE PRI OBLIKOVANJU IDENTITETE POČITNIŠKIH OBJEKTOV DO 2. SVETOVNE VOJNE Nataša Ülen Zavod za varstvo kulturne dediščine Slovenije, OE Kranj, Kranj, Slovenija, e-naslov: natasa.ulen@zvkds.si POVZETEK Bohinjska železniška proga, odprta leta 1906, je povezovala območje pod Alpami, od Jesenic do Nove Gorice, in je pomemben infrastrukturni mejnik v nacionalnem kontekstu, tako z vidika zahtevnega terena, geografskega obsega kot tudi časovnega okvira same izgradnje. Ob njej so bile zgrajene manjše postaje in postajališča, tipični avstro-ogrski arhitekturni objekti, zasnovala so jih tuja gradbena podjetja. Prispevek med drugim analizira primerjavo oblikovanja objektov na gorenjski in bohinjski progi ter vpliv te infrastrukture na oblikovanje letoviških objektov na območju Bleda in Bohinja, zgrajenih do začetka 2. svetovne vojne. Poudarjen je tudi pomen spremljajočih objektov in krajinskih ureditev, kot so pripadajoči vrtovi, sadovnjaki in drevoredi, ki so obkrožali kolodvore in oblikovali širšo pokrajino, s čimer so prispevali k oblikovanju regionalne in tudi lokalne identitete. Ključne besede: Bohinjska železniška proga, Gorenjska, identiteta, letovišča 96 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS THE ROLE OF THE BOHINJ RAILWAY LINE IN FORMING THE IDENTITY OF HOLIDAY FACILITIES UNTIL WORLD WAR II Nataša Ülen Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia, OE Kranj, Kranj, Slovenia, e-mail: natasa.ulen@zvkds.si ABSTRACT Opened in 1906, the Bohinj Railway linked the Alpine corridor from Jesenice to Nova Gorica and marked a major infrastructural milestone for what is now Slovenia. Spanning demanding terrain within an ambitious timeframe, the line introduced a chain of small stations and halts Austro‑Hungarian structures designed and built by international contractors. This paper compares the architectural language of these facilities with that on the earlier Gorenjska line and examines how the new infrastructure influenced the design of holiday resorts in the Bled and Bohinj areas before the outbreak of the Second World War. Particular attention is paid to ancillary elements gardens, orchards, and tree‑lined avenues that framed the stations and structured the wider landscape, strengthening both regional and local identity. Keywords: Bohinj line, Gorenjska, identity, resorts 97 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 5: Ekologija, identiteta in grajeno okolje: vključevanje ekologije in arhitekturne oblike Vodja sekcije: prof. dr. Saja Kosanović, Univerza v Prištini v Kosovski Mitrovici, Fakulteta za tehnične vede, Oddelek za arhitekturo Sovodja sekcije: prof. dr. Martina Zbašnik Senegačnik, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo Povezava med ekologijo, identiteto in grajenim okoljem je raziskana skozi razumevanje, kako lahko vključevanje ekoloških načel v arhitekturno in urbano oblikovanje prispeva k okoljski trajnostnosti in k močnejšemu občutku kraja. Sekcija bo obravnavala teme, kot so biofilno oblikovanje, zelena infrastruktura, rešitve, ki temeljijo na naravi in uporabi naravnih sistemov v urbanističnem načrtovanju. Razprave bodo osredotočene na to, kako lahko ekološko oblikovanje izboljša biotsko raznovrstnost, izboljša kakovost zraka in vode ter ustvari kakovostna bivalna in odporna mesta. Sekcija spodbuja raziskovanje študij primerov, kjer je ekološko oblikovanje uspešno prispevalo k edinstveni in trajnostni identiteti kraja. Ključne besede: ekologija, biotska raznovrstnost, identiteta, grajeno okolje, okoljska trajnostnost, odporna mesta, občutek kraja 98 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 5: Ecology, Identity and the Built Environment: Integrating Ecology and Architectural Form Track chair: prof. dr. Saja Kosanović, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Architecture Track co-chair: prof. dr. Martina Zbašnik Senegačnik, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture The link between ecology, identity and the built environment is explored through understanding how integrating ecological principles into architectural and urban form can contribute to both environmental sustainability and a stronger sense of place. The track will cover topics such as biophilic design, green infrastructure, nature-based solutions and the use of natural systems in urban planning. Discussions aim to focus on how ecological design can enhance biodiversity, improve air and water quality and create more liveable and resilient cities. The track encourages exploration of case studies where ecological design has successfully contributed to a unique and sustainable place identity. Keywords: ecology, biodiversity, identity, built environment, environmental sustainability, resilient cities, sense of place 99 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV PONOVNO PRIDOBLJENE ZELENE POVRŠINE: PRIMER 16- LETNEGA URBANISTIČNEGA AKTIVIZMA V BEOGRADU, SRBIJI prof. dr. Saja Kosanović Univerza v Prištini v Kosovski Mitrovici, Fakulteta za tehnične vede, Oddelek za arhitekturo, Kosovska Mitrovica, e-naslov: saja.kosanovic@pr.ac.rs izr. prof. dr. Julija Aleksić Univerza v Prištini v Kosovski Mitrovici, Fakulteta za tehnične vede, Oddelek za arhitekturo, Kosovska Mitrovica, e-naslov: e-naslov: julija.aleksic@pr.ac.rs POVZETEK Ta študija primera preučuje dolgotrajni boj soseske Lipov Lad v Beogradu za ponovno pridobitev in ohranitev njihovega skupnostnega zelenega prostora »Peti Parkić« pred zasebno uporabo. Raziskava uporablja mešano metodo, vključno z arhivsko analizo, terenskimi obiski in poglobljenimi intervjuji, za rekonstrukcijo 16-letnega spora, ki sta ga sprožila nerazkrita prodaja zemljišča v mestu leta 2003 in posledično uničenje parka leta 2005. Študija analizira mobilizacijo prebivalcev in njihove raznolike taktike, vključno z neposrednimi akcijami, pravnimi izzivi, sodelovanjem z mediji in kulturnim aktivizmom. Poudarja kompleksno dinamiko deležnikov, ki vključuje prebivalce, zasebnega vlagatelja, mestne in občinske oblasti ter zunanje podporne skupine in mreže. Analiza razkriva ključno vlogo trajne enotnosti skupnosti, strateškega komuniciranja in izkoriščanja javne podpore pri izpodbijanju ustaljenih struktur moči. Ključne ugotovitve poudarjajo uspešno uveljavljanje »pravice do mesta« s strani prebivalcev, kar dokazuje moč gibanj na lokalni ravni, da vplivajo na odločitve o urbanističnem razvoju. Primer poudarja pomen preglednosti in sodelovanja javnosti pri urbanističnem načrtovanju ter razkriva možnosti za nastanek sporov, kadar odločitve o razvoju ne upoštevajo potreb skupnosti. Poleg tega dokazuje trajnostni pomen mestnih zelenih površin za socialno kohezijo in kakovost življenja. Študija obravnava tudi finančne posledice razveljavitve razvojnih odločitev, kot je prikazano v kompenzacijskem izplačilu mesta investitorju. Raziskava ugotavlja, da primer Peti Parkić služi kot dragocen model za razumevanje državljanske vključitve in urbane odpornosti. Ponuja vpogled v učinkovite strategije mobilizacije, izzive premagovanja birokratskih in pravnih ovir ter v trajni vpliv pobud, ki jih vodi skupnost, na oblikovanje urbanih krajin. Študija poudarja nujnost vključevanja perspektiv skupnosti v procese urbanističnega načrtovanja za spodbujanje trajnostnega in pravičnega razvoja. Ključne besede: študija primera Peti Parkić, mobilizacija skupnosti, okoljska pravičnost, dinamika deležnikov, urbanistično načrtovanje 100 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS GREEN SPACE RECLAIMED: A CASE OF 16-YEAR URBAN ACTIVISM IN BELGRADE, SERBIA prof. dr. Saja Kosanović University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department for Architecture, Kosovska Mitrovica, e-mail: saja.kosanovic@pr.ac.rs assoc. prof. dr. Julija Aleksić University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department for Architecture, Kosovska Mitrovica, e-mail: julija.aleksic@pr.ac.rs ABSTRACT This case study examines the protracted struggle of the Lipov Lad neighbourhood in Belgrade to reclaim and preserve their community green space, "Peti Parkić," from private development. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, including archival analysis, field visits, and in-depth interviews, to reconstruct the 16-year conflict initiated by the city's undisclosed land sale in 2003 and the subsequent destruction of the park in 2005. The study analyses the residents' mobilisation and their diverse tactics, including direct action, legal challenges, media engagement, and cultural activism. It highlights the complex stakeholder dynamics, involving residents, the private investor, city and municipal authorities, and external support groups and networks. The analysis reveals the critical role of sustained community unity, strategic communication, and the leveraging of public support in challenging established power structures. Key findings underscore the residents' successful assertion of their "right to the city," demonstrating the power of grassroots movements to influence urban development decisions. The case highlights the importance of transparency and public participation in urban planning, revealing the potential for conflict when development decisions disregard community needs. Furthermore, it demonstrates the enduring significance of urban green spaces for social cohesion and quality of life. The study also addresses the financial implications of reversing development decisions, as exemplified by the city's compensatory payout to the investor. The research concludes that the Peti Parkić case serves as a valuable model for understanding civic engagement and urban resilience. It offers insights into effective mobilisation strategies, the challenges of navigating bureaucratic and legal obstacles, and the enduring impact of community-led initiatives on shaping urban landscapes. The study emphasises the necessity of incorporating community perspectives into urban planning processes to promote sustainable and equitable development. Keywords: Peti Parkić case study, community mobilisation, environmental justice, stakeholders’ dynamics, urban planning 101 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV REGIONALNI ARHITEKTURNI ELEMENTI ZA PREPREČEVANJE PREGREVANJA URBANEGA PROSTORA prof. dr. Martina Zbašnik Senegačnik Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: martina.zbasnik@fa.uni-lj.si prof. dr. Alenka Fikfak Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: alenka.fikfak@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Človek je pri gradnji večji del svoje zgodovine upošteval naravne danosti, saj je bil odvisen od njih. Šele zadnja desetletja 20. stoletja so prinesla koncepte, ki negirajo naravne zakonitosti, bivalno ugodje pa se zagotavlja z visokim vložkom energije za ogrevanje, ohlajevanje, razsvetljavo in drugim. Vse to velja tako za stavbe kot za odprti urbani prostor, ki se vse bolj spoprijema s poletnim pregrevanjem. Posledice tako imenovanih urbanih toplotnih otokov so višja poraba in stroški energije, večje onesnaženje zraka, večje število obolelih in umrlih zaradi visokih temperatur. Ekološke paradigme in pozivi k zmanjšanju rabe energije narekujejo obuditev tradicionalnih znanj in njihovo vključevanje v zasnovo sodobnega prostora, še zlasti v strnjeno poseljenih območjih, ki imajo poleti precej višje temperature kot okoliška ruralna področja. Danes lahko sledimo številnim konceptom zasnove stavb in urbanega tkiva, ki so se uveljavili v stoletjih in še danes dokazujejo, da se z umno zasnovo, ki vključuje naravne okoliščine, lahko precej zmanjša pregrevanje prostora. Ustrezna arhitekturna zasnova najprej upošteva regionalne podnebne razmere in vključuje ukrepe na konceptualni zasnovi prostora, lociranju odprtin, oblikovanju elementov sončne zaščite. Izbor ustreznih materialov ne vpliva samo na konstrukcijo in likovno identiteto, ampak tudi na akumulacijo toplote in vlage. Integralni del urbanega prostora mora biti tudi zelenje. V prispevku bodo predstavljeni arhitekturni in urbanistični elementi, ki so se razvili v različnih zgodovinskih obdobjih in nagovarjajo tudi načrtovalce sodobnega urbanega prostora. Ključne besede: urbani toplotni otok, pregrevanje urbanega prostora, regionalna arhitektura, regionalni arhitekturni elementi 102 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS REGIONAL ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS FOR URBAN SPACE OVERHEATING PREVENTION prof. dr. Martina Zbašnik Senegačnik University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: martina.zbasnik@fa.uni-lj.si prof. dr. Alenka Fikfak University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: alenka.fikfak@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT For most of its history, humans, due to their dependence on nature, considered natural conditions when building. Only the last decades of the 20th century brought about concepts that negate natural laws, consequentially the living comfort is ensured by high energy input for heating, cooling, lighting, etc. This applies to buildings and open urban spaces alike. They are increasingly facing summer overheating problems. The consequences of so-called urban heat islands are higher energy consumption and costs, greater air pollution, and a greater number of sick and deceased people due to heat strokes. Ecological paradigms and calls for the reduction of energy consumption dictate the revival of traditional knowledge and its integration into the design of contemporary spaces, especially in the densely populated areas that have much higher temperatures in summer than the surrounding rural areas. We can follow numerous concepts of building and urban design that were established over the centuries. These still prove that overheating of a space can be significantly reduced through intelligent design that incorporates sensitivity for the natural conditions. Appropriate architectural design primarily takes into account regional climatic conditions and includes measures such as well-defined conceptual design, the location of openings, and the design of sun protection elements. The selection of appropriate materials affects not only the construction and artistic identity, but also the accumulation of heat and moisture. Greenery must also be an integral part of urban space. The article will present architectural and urban elements that have developed through different historical periods and still appeal to planners of contemporary urban space. Keywords: urban heat island, overheating of urban space, regional architecture, regional architectural elements 103 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV RAZVOJ ODZIVNIH TIPOLOGIJ ZA PREOBRAZBO DEGRADIRANIH DRUŽINSKIH HIŠ NA PODLAGI PONOVNE UPORABE GRADBENEGA MATERIALA NEPOSREDNO Z GRADBENEGA OBMOČJA Miha Čebulj, m. arh. (BI) MCA – MIHA ČEBULJ ARHITEKTURA, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: miha.cebulj@mc-a.si POVZETEK Članek opisuje definicijo odzivnih tipologij s ciljem preoblikovanja degradiranih družinskih hiš v bolj trajnostno in ekološko grajeno okolje. Potencial kulturne relevantnosti odzivnih tipologij se raziskuje onkraj zgolj romantičnega ohranjanja arhitekturne oblike s poudarkom na razumevanju vpliva gradbenih procesov na okolje. Strukturirani okvir za ocenjevanje možnosti preoblikovanja degradiranih družinskih hiš temelji na maksimalni uporabi gradbenega materiala neposredno z gradbišča in na uporabi inovativnih gradbenih tehnologij računalniško podprte aditivne proizvodnje. Na podlagi tega in avtorjevega implicitnega znanja iz prakse arhitekturnega oblikovanja je predlagana specifična metoda oblikovanja, ki združuje identiteto in materiale, osredotočene na lokacijo, s sodobnimi potrebami prebivalcev. Cilj je bil predlagati odzivne tipologije, ki bi s prostorsko preobrazbo degradiranih družinskih hiš prinesle kvalitativno koristne učinke in kulturni vpliv na družbo. Ključne besede: odzivne tipologije, degradirane družinske hiše, ponovna uporaba materialov na lokaciji, arhitekturne oblike in identiteta 104 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS DEVELOPMENT OF RESPONSIVE TYPOLOGIES TO TRANSFORM DEGRADED FAMILY HOUSES BASED ON REUSE OF BUILDING MATERIAL DIRECTLY FROM THE SITE Miha Čebulj, m.arch. (BI) MCA - MIHA ČEBULJ ARHITEKTURA, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: miha.cebulj@mc-a.si ABSTRACT The article outlines the definition of responsive typologies with an aim to transform degraded family houses towards a more sustainable and ecological built environment. The potential of cultural relevance of responsive typologies is being explored beyond merely romantic preservation of architectural form, with a focus on understanding the environmental impact of building processes. Structured framework of evaluating possibilities of transformation of degraded family houses is based on the maximizing use of building material directly from the site and the use of innovative building technologies of computer-aided additive manufacturing. Based on this, and tacit knowledge of the author, from the architectural design practice, the specific design method is proposed to bring together site-based identity and materials with the contemporary needs of residents. The goal was to propose responsive typologies which would yield qualitatively beneficial effects and cultural impact on society through the spatial transformation of degraded family houses. Keywords: responsive typologies; degraded family houses; material reuse on site; architectural forms and identity 105 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV REGENERACIJA TRAJNOSTNIH IN PRAVIČNIH OKROŽIJ: PRIMER DELAVSKE VASI PANZANO V SEVEROVZHODNI ITALIJI Elisa Maria Vittoria Bertolini Univerza v Trstu – DIA, Trst, Italija, e-naslov: elisamariavittoria.bertolini@dia.units.it Barbara Chiarelli Univerza v Trstu – DIA, Trst, Italija, e-naslov: barbara.chiarelli@dia.units.it assoc. prof. dr. Carlo Antonio Stival Univerza v Trstu – DIA, Trst, Italija, e-naslov: cstival@units.it POVZETEK Regeneracija je proces, s katerim se lahko obnovijo funkcionalnost, bivalne razmere in trajnostnost v delavskih vaseh dvajsetega stoletja. V tem okviru si trajnostno in učinkovito okrožje (SED) prizadeva zagotoviti pravičnejše in bolj vključujoče življenjske razmere z obravnavo tehničnih inovacij, ki se uporabljajo v stavbni dediščini z arhitekturnim, kulturnim in zgodovinskim pomenom. Z interdisciplinarnim dialogom med arhitekturo, zgodovinsko vrednostjo in tehnologijo ta študija razvija metodologijo, ki lahko razišče širši obseg vrednotenja za oblikovanje ustreznih meril SED. Vzpostavitev okvira za merilno karakterizacijo SED zahteva njegovo uporabo in iterativno kalibracijo. Okrožje Panzano, urbano območje, zgrajeno za zaposlene in delavce ladjedelnice Monfalcone, v severovzhodni Italiji služi kot pomembna študija primera v tej raziskavi. Čeprav je bila ustanovitev okrožja (1913–1927) v skladu s standardi za ustrezno dimenzioniranje in kakovost storitev, je nezainteresiranost ladjedelnice po drugi svetovni vojni privedla do degradacije okrožja, pri čemer so bili vzdrževalni posegi na stavbah izvedeni v nasprotju z njihovo arhitekturno vrednostjo. Tekoča raziskava se osredotoča na 12 večstanovanjskih stavb, ki so bile prej predmet načrta obnove (1995), usmerjenega v trajnostno sanacijo. Ta kontekst predstavlja pomemben operativni interes zaradi tipološke značilnosti stavbnega fonda, urbane strukture in slabe ohranjenosti več stavb. Kontekst Panzana ponuja priložnost za opredelitev modularnega načrtovanja posegov, ponovljivosti ukrepov in posledično možnosti za uporabo in kalibracijo metodologije za ocenjevanje izvedljivosti trajnostne regeneracije. Ključne besede: trajnostna regeneracija, družbena vrednost, merila za ocenjevanje, okrožje Panzano, delavska vas 106 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS REGENERATION OF SUSTAINABLE AND EQUITABLE DISTRICTS: THE CASE OF PANZANO WORKER VILLAGE IN NORTHEASTERN ITALY Elisa Maria Vittoria Bertolini University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste, Italy, e-mail: elisamariavittoria.bertolini@dia.units.it Barbara Chiarelli University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste, Italy, e-mail: barbara.chiarelli@dia.units.it assoc. prof. dr. Carlo Antonio Stival University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste, Italy, e-mail: cstival@units.it ABSTRACT Regeneration constitutes a process capable of restoring functionality, liveability, and sustainability in twentieth-century worker villages. In this scope, a Sustainable and Efficient District (SED) aims to ensure more equitable and inclusive living conditions by addressing the technical innovations applied to built heritage with architectural, cultural, and historical significance. Through an interdisciplinary dialogue among architecture, historical value, and technology, this study develops a methodology capable of investigating a broader evaluation scope to formulate appropriate SED criteria. The establishment of a framework for the criterial characterisation of SED necessitates its application and iterative calibration. Panzano District, an urban area constructed for employees and workers of the Monfalcone shipyard in Northeastern Italy, serves as a significant case study in this research. Although the formation of the District (1913-1927) adhered to standards for adequate dimensioning and service quality, post-World War II disinterest from the shipyard company led to the degradation of the District, where maintenance interventions on buildings were conducted inconsistently with their architectural value. The ongoing research focuses on 12 multi-dwelling buildings previously subject to a Recovery Plan (1995) oriented toward sustainable rehabilitation. This context presents significant operational interest owing to its building stock typological characterization, urban structure, and poor conservation of several buildings. The Panzano context offers an opportunity to define modular intervention planning, action repeatability, and consequently the potential to apply and calibrate the methodology for evaluating the feasibility of SED. Keywords: sustainable regeneration, social value, evaluation criteria, Panzano District, worker village 107 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV ONKRAJ V ČLOVEKA USMERJENEGA OBLIKOVANJA: PONOVNO RAZMIŠLJANJE O URBANISTIČNEM NAČRTOVANJU IN ARHITEKTURNI OBLIKI Z EKOLOŠKO INTEGRACIJO Maribel Salazar Rivera Univerza Aalto, Helsinki, Finska, e-naslov: maribelsr31@gmail.com POVZETEK Z naraščajočo urbanizacijo se mesta spoprijemajo z vse večjimi izzivi pri usklajevanju razvoja z ohranjanjem okolja. Tradicionalni načini urbanističnega in arhitekturnega načrtovanja so se osredotočali na človeške potrebe in spregledali neskladje med nečloveškimi vrstami in grajenim okoljem. Ta članek raziskuje, kako lahko vključevanje ekološke identitete v trajnostno urbanistično načrtovanje in arhitekturo razvije sobivanje med človeškimi in nečloveškimi vrstami, da bi ustvarili odporne in biotsko raznovrstne urbane prostore. Na primeru Malmija v Helsinkih, območja zgoščevanja mest z visoko ekološko vrednostjo, ta študija poudarja ponovni razmislek o urbanističnem načrtovanju, kako vključiti obstoječe ekosisteme, namesto da bi jih izpodrivali. Na podlagi multidisciplinarne analize, ki vključuje analizo življenjskega cikla vrst, okoljske tehnične dokumente in participativne metode, kot so delavnice, ki jih je naročilo mesto Helsinki, se razkriva, kako se lahko urbano okolje ustrezno prilagodi za podporo raznolikim vrstam in reševanje trenutnih izzivov, kot so podnebne spremembe. Ta članek zagovarja inovativen proces, pri katerem grajeno okolje deluje kot ekološki habitat in ne kot ovira, pri čemer ohranjanje biotske raznovrstnosti postavlja v središče procesov načrtovanja in oblikovanja. Nazadnje, ta članek trdi, da lahko bolj vključujoče in odzivno urbanistično načrtovanje in oblikovanje olajšata ekološko identiteto, tako da bodo mesta rasla kot celoviti ekosistem, in ne kot strukture, osredotočene na človeka. Ključne besede: ohranjanje ekologije, sobivanje, biotska raznovrstnost, odpornost, ekološka identiteta 108 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS BEYOND HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN: RETHINKING URBAN PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURAL FORM THROUGH ECOLOGICAL INTEGRATION Maribel Salazar Rivera Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland, e-mail: maribelsr31@gmail.com ABSTRACT As urbanization increases, cities face increasing challenges in balancing development with ecological preservation. Traditional urban planning and architecture approaches have centred on human requirements, ignoring conflicts between nonhuman species and the built environment. This article researches how integrating ecological identity into sustainable urban planning and architecture can develop coexistence between human and nonhuman species to create resilient and biodiverse urban spaces. Taking the case study of Malmi, Helsinki, as an example, an urban densifying area with high ecological value, this study highlights the rethinking of its urban planning to incorporate existing ecosystems rather than displacing them. Drawing on a multidisciplinary analysis incorporating species life-cycle analysis, environmental technical documents, and participatory methods such as workshops commissioned by the City of Helsinki; these reveal how the urban environment can be adapted to support diverse species and address current challenges such as climate change. This article advocates for an innovative process whereby built environments function as ecological habitats rather than barriers, placing biodiversity conservation at the core of planning and design processes. Lastly, this article argues that a more inclusive and responsive urban planning and design can facilitate ecological identity so cities will grow as complete ecosystems rather than human-centred structures. Keywords: ecology preservation, coexistence, biodiversity, resilience, ecological identity 109 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV AMBIENT BLEDA KOT VAROVANA KRAJINSKA VREDNOTA V KONTEKSTU KRAJINSKE REGIONALIZACIJE Nataša Ülen Zavod za varstvo kulturne dediščine Slovenije, OE Kranj, Kranj, Slovenija, e-naslov: natasa.ulen@zvkds.si POVZETEK Razvoj letoviške arhitekture po 2. svetovni vojni je močno vplival na oblikovanje ambienta Bleda, ki se je razvil sočasno z letoviškimi objekti iz tega obdobja in danes predstavlja edinstveno ter trajnostno identiteto, že več kot dve desetletji zaščiteno kot varovano enoto kulturne dediščine. Počitniški objekti so skupaj s svojimi urejenimi zelenimi površinami, kot so vrtovi in ponekod tudi parki, tesno povezani s širšo krajino. Vendar pa prilagajanje teh objektov sodobnim potrebam bivanja povzroča tako drobljenje parcel kakor pozidavo prostih (zelenih) površin, kar vodi v zmanjšanje zelene infrastrukture. Ta trend, skupaj z minimalno uporabo zasaditev, negativno vpliva na kakovost bivanja in ohranjanje zgodovinske krajinske podobe. Prispevek analizira razvoj okolja Bleda in okolice, pregleduje stanje zaščitene enote dediščine na izbranih primerih prepoznavnih objektov ter ocenjuje njen prispevek k prepoznavni krajinski regionalizaciji. Ključne besede: letoviški objekti, ambient Bleda, vrednotenje, regionalizacija 110 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS THE AMBIENCE OF BLED AS A PROTECTED LANDSCAPE VALUE IN THE CONTEXT OF LANDSCAPE REGIONALIZATION Nataša Ülen Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia, Kranj Regional Unit, Kranj, Slovenia, e-mail: natasa.ulen@zvkds.si ABSTRACT Resort architecture developed up to the Second World War profoundly shaped the ambience of Bled. Evolving in tandem with these early holiday facilities, the lakeside landscape now embodies a distinctive, long‑lasting identity that has been legally protected as a cultural heritage ensemble for more than two decades. Holiday buildings and their landscaped grounds— gardens and, occasionally, parks—are inseparably linked to the broader Alpine setting. Yet efforts to retrofit these properties for contemporary living are fragmenting plots and infilling open space, progressively diminishing Bled’s green infrastructure. When coupled with sparse new planting, this trend reduces quality of life and erodes the historic landscape character. This paper traces the evolution of the “Bled Ambient”, reviews the condition of the protected heritage unit through case studies of emblematic buildings, and evaluates its contribution to the wider framework of landscape regionalisation. Keywords: resort facilities, Bled Ambient, evaluation, regionalisation 111 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 6: Oblikovanje, ki temelji na skupnosti, in njegov vpliv na identiteto kraja Vodja sekcije: izr. prof. dr. Blaž Križnik, Univerza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta, Oddelek za azijske študije Sovodja sekcije: Manca Gjura Godec, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije Sodelovanje skupnosti ima ključno vlogo pri oblikovanju identitete kraja. Sekcija raziskuje, kako lahko participativni oblikovalski procesi opolnomočijo lokalne prebivalce in zagotovijo, da grajeno okolje odraža njihove potrebe, vrednote in aspiracije. Preučuje različne modele oblikovanja, ki temeljijo na skupnosti, in njihov vpliv na arhitekturno in urbano obliko. Razprave bodo zajemale izzive in priložnosti vključevanja različnih skupnosti in deležnikov v oblikovalski proces ter osvetlile vprašanje, kako lahko sodelovanje skupnosti prispeva k močnejšemu občutku lastništva in pripadnosti ter končno k bolj avtentični in smiselni identiteti kraja. Ključne besede: skupnost, participativno oblikovanje, občutek lastništva in pripadnosti, identiteta kraja 112 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 6: Community-Based Design and its Influence on Identity of Place Track chair: assoc. prof. dr. Blaž Križnik, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Department of Asian studies Track co-chair: Manca Gjura Godec, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia Community engagement plays a vital role in shaping the identity of place. The track explores how participatory design processes can empower local residents and ensure that the built environment reflects their needs, values and aspirations. Different models of community-based design and their impact on architectural and urban form are examined. Discussions will cover the challenges and opportunities of involving diverse communities and stakeholders in the design process and shed light into question how community participation can contribute to a stronger sense of ownership and belonging, and ultimately, a more authentic and meaningful place identity. Keywords: community, participatory design, sense of ownership and belonging, place identity 113 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV BEJRUTSKI URBANI AGREGAT: SKRITA VREDNOST SPONTANE MODERNE ARHITEKTURE izr. prof. dr. Charbel Maskineh Libanonska univerza, Oddelek za arhitekturo in urbanizem, Hadat - Beirut, Libanon, e-naslov: charbel.maskineh@gmail.com, charbel.meskineh@ul.edu.lb POVZETEK Današnja urbana krajina Bejruta razkriva kompleksno prepletanje načrtovanega razvoja in spontane rasti. Čeprav se je pojavilo konec devetnajstega stoletja, njegov razvoj bolj spominja na srednjeveške urbane vzorce kot na smernice iz Atenske listine. Ta zgodovinska anomalija daje dokumentarno vrednost in poudarja ključni trenutek v preteklosti mesta. Poleg zgodovinskega pomena bi lahko mešana struktura Bejruta služila kot prihodnji model za trajnostni, kompaktni urbani razvoj. Kljub nenehnim spremembam v družbeni strukturi Bejruta se mestna arhitektura in urbana oblika ne bi smeli podrediti pritiskom. Sčasoma so zasebni interesi zasenčili javne potrebe, kar je povzročilo naraščajočo odtujenost med prebivalci. Bejrutska moderna dediščina je ogrožena zaradi nenadnega razvoja nepremičnin, ki zgodovinsko koherentna območja nadomeščajo z visokimi, samoreferenčnimi strukturami. Poleg tega, čeprav ozaveščenost o sodobni dediščini narašča, ostaja omejena na pomembne znamenitosti in spregleda širšo vrednost urbane tapiserije. Ta članek se osredotoča na spontano moderno arhitekturo in urbane agregate Bejruta med letoma 1920 in 1969. Preučuje tri soseske vzdolž obrobnega pasu Bejruta in njihove grajene agregate kot zgodovinsko organizirane samoregulativne sisteme, da bi odkril njihovo skrito arhitekturno in urbano vrednost, ki se genetsko prenaša skozi generacije. Ohranjanje fizičnega značaja urbanih agregatov Bejruta je bistveno za ohranitev njihovega inherentnega družbenega kapitala. Vendar pa razmere na območjih, ki jih je prizadela eksplozija v pristanišču leta 2020, ostajajo negotove. Čeprav je sprememba regulative 194/2020 tem stavbam ponudila kratkoročno zaščito, so dolgoročno ogrožene zaradi razvoja nepremičnin. Zamenjava tradicionalnih in modernih stavb s stolpi bi vodila do gentrifikacije celotnih sosesk, kar bi porušilo prvotno družbeno tkivo Bejruta in fizično vznemirilo sosesko. Ključne besede: urbani agregat, spontana arhitektura, kulturna vrednost, lokalna identiteta, občutek za kraj, ogroženost urbanega 114 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS BEIRUT URBAN AGGREGATE: HIDDEN VALUE OF SPONTANEOUS MODERN ARCHITECTURE assoc. prof. dr. Charbel Maskineh Lebanese University, Architecture and Urbanism Department, Hadat - Beirut, Lebanon, e-mail: charbel.maskineh@gmail.com, charbel.meskineh@ul.edu.lb ABSTRACT Beirut’s urban landscape today reveals a complex interplay of planned development and spontaneous growth. While it emerged in the late nineteenth century, its evolution is more reminiscent of medieval urban patterns than the guidelines of the Athens Charter. This historical anomaly imparts documentary value, highlighting a pivotal moment in the city’s past. Beyond its historical significance, Beirut’s mixed-use fabric could serve as a future model for sustainable, compact urban development. Despite ongoing shifts in its social fabric, the city’s architecture and urban form need not succumb to the same pressures. Over time, however, private interests have overshadowed public needs, resulting in rising alienation among residents. Beirut’s modern heritage is under threat from rampant real estate development, which replaces historically coherent areas with towering, self-referential structures. Furthermore, while awareness of modern heritage is growing, it remains confined to notable landmarks, overlooking the broader value of the urban tapestry. This paper focuses on the spontaneous modern architecture and urban aggregates of Beirut between 1920 and 1969. It examines three neighbourhoods along Beirut’s fringe belt and their built aggregates as historically organized self-regulated systems to uncover their hidden architectural and urban value, which is genetically passed down through generations. Maintaining the physical character of Beirut's urban aggregates is essential to preserve their inherent social capital. However, the situation in areas affected by the 2020 port blast remains uncertain. While Amendment 194/2020 has offered short-term protection to these buildings, they are under long-term threat from real estate development. Replacing traditional and modern buildings with towers would lead to the gentrification of entire neighbourhoods, disrupting Beirut’s original social fabric and physically disturbing the neighbourhood. Keywords: urban aggregate, spontaneous architecture, cultural value, local identity, sense of place, urban threats. 115 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV VKLJUČEVANJE LOKALNIH SKUPNOSTI ZA PRIJAZNEJŠE TURISTIČNE DESTINACIJE. ŠTUDIJA PRIMERA Z LOKACIJE Barbara Chiarelli Univerza v Trstu, Oddelek za inženirstvo in arhitekturo, Trst, Italija, e-naslov: barbara.chiarelli@dia.units.it prof. dr. Ilaria Garofolo Univerza v Trstu, Oddelek za inženirstvo in arhitekturo, Trst, Italija, e-naslov: ILARIA.GAROFOLO@dia.units.it Elisa Maria Vittoria Bertolini Univerza v Trstu, Oddelek za inženirstvo in arhitekturo, Trst, Italija, e-naslov: Elisamariavittoria.bertolini@dia.units.it POVZETEK Medtem ko se na vseh področjih veliko razpravlja o trajnosti, se na področju turizma pojavlja več izzivov. Eden glavnih se nanaša na težavni odnos med prebivalci in turisti. Čezmerni, množični turizem, gentrifikacija, sezonskost in onesnaževanje, ki jih povzroča množični turizem, postavljajo ti dve skupini uporabnikov na nasprotne bregove. Vendar pa obstajajo priložnosti za ustvarjanje okoliščin, ki koristijo obema. Članek bo predstavil študijo primera, financirano s sredstvi Interreg Italija-Hrvaška 21–27, katere cilj je narediti tri pilotne destinacije prijaznejše, in sicer z izboljšanjem njihove dostopnosti ob upoštevanju načel univerzalnega oblikovanja. Vključenost vseh lokalnih deležnikov s treh destinacij je eden od temeljnih dejavnikov, tako za upravljanje dejavnosti soustvarjanja kot za ozaveščanje o pomenu gostoljubnosti s prepoznavanjem in spoštovanjem raznolikosti vseh. Ključne besede: sodelovanje, turistična destinacija, vključenost skupnosti, študija primera 116 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS INCLUDING LOCAL COMMUNITIES TO MAKE TOURIST DESTINATIONS MORE WELCOMING. THE SITE CASE STUDY Barbara Chiarelli University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste, Italy, e-mail: barbara.chiarelli@dia.units.it prof. dr. Ilaria Garofolo University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste, Italy, e-mail: ILARIA.GAROFOLO@dia.units.it Elisa Maria Vittoria Bertolini University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste, Italy, e-mail: Elisamariavittoria.bertolini@dia.units.it ABSTRACT At a time when there is much debate about sustainability in every sphere, there are several challenges in the field of tourism. One of the major ones concerns the difficult relationship between resident communities and tourists. Overtourism, gentrification, seasonality and pollution generated by mass tourism put these two categories of users in opposition. However, there are opportunities that can generate situations that benefit both. Specifically, the article will present a case study financed by Interreg Italy-Croatia 21-27 funds that aims to make three pilot destinations more welcoming by improving their accessibility through adherence to the principles of Universal Design. The involvement of all the local stakeholders of the three destinations is one of the fundamental elements, both for the management of co-design activities and to initiate a general awareness of the importance of being welcoming by recognising and respecting the diversity of all. Keywords: participation, tourist destination, community engagement, case study 117 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV UPORABA OBČINSKEGA PORTALA POBUD KOT IZHODIŠČE ZA URBANISTIČNO OBLIKOVANJE – PRIMER JURČKOVE CESTE V LJUBLJANI Manca Gjura Godec Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: mancag@uirs.si POVZETEK Vključevanje javnosti v prostorsko načrtovanje je ključno za razumevanje potreb in želja skupnosti, vendar tradicionalne metode pogosto ne dosegajo želenih rezultatov. Digitalni občinski portali pobud ponujajo priložnost za učinkovitejše vključevanje prebivalcev, zbiranje podatkov in predlogov za prostorski razvoj ter izkoriščanje kolektivnega znanja skupnosti. Ti portali občanom omogočajo oddajo pobud glede urejanje prostora in infrastrukture, s čimer nastaja obsežna zbirka prispevkov, ki odražajo potrebe in želje skupnosti. Prispevek proučuje možnosti uporabe takšnih portalov pri urbanističnem oblikovanju in prikazuje primer njihove uporabe na območju Jurčkove ceste v Ljubljani. Prispevanje pobud, tako po spletu kot na tradicionalne načine, je ključni vidik vključevanja javnosti, saj prispeva k boljšemu razumevanju prostora ter ozaveščanju in zagovarjanju spregledanih območij v načrtovanju. Prispevek poudarja pomen uporabnosti in vizualne privlačnosti portalov, saj dobro oblikovani digitalni vmesniki spodbujajo aktivno sodelovanje javnosti. Analiza občinskih portalov pobud v Sloveniji je zajemala pregled njihove strukture, kategorizacije pobud in vsebinsko analizo pobud. Na podlagi analize zbranih pobud občanov za območje Jurčkove ceste so bile pripravljene projektne rešitve. Tamkajšnji prebivalci opozarjajo na različne teme, pri čemer se največ pobud nanaša na cestno in prometno infrastrukturo. Predvsem opozarjajo na potrebo po izboljšanju prometne varnosti in umirjanju prometa. Poleg prometnih vprašanj so prebivalci izrazili tudi pobude za ureditev zelenih površin in otroških igrišč, kar kaže na pomanjkanje kakovostnih javnih prostorov na območju Rudnika. Takšne ureditve bi prispevale k večji družbeni vključenosti in izboljšanju kakovosti življenja v soseski. Analiza pobud razkriva visoko stopnjo vključenosti prebivalcev ter njihovo željo po ustvarjanju varnejšega in prijetnejšega urbanega okolja. Število in vsebinska raznolikost pobud kažeta, da prebivalci aktivno zaznavajo prostorske pomanjkljivosti ter podajajo jasne predloge za izboljšave. Portal pobud se tako izkazuje kot dragoceno orodje za zajemanje potreb lokalne skupnosti in kot izhodišče za oblikovanje urbanističnih rešitev, ki izboljšujejo kakovost javnih prostorov ter krepijo identiteto prostora. Ključne besede: skupnost, participativno oblikovanje, pobude občanov, identiteta urbanega prostora 118 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS USING THE MUNICIPAL INITIATIVE PORTAL AS A STARTING POINT FOR URBAN DESIGN-THE CASE OF JURČKOVA CESTA IN LJUBLJANA Manca Gjura Godec Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: mancag@uirs.si ABSTRACT Public involvement in spatial planning is key to understanding the needs and desires of the community, but traditional approaches often fail to achieve the desired results. Digital municipal initiative portals offer an opportunity for more effective citizen engagement, collection of data and proposals for spatial development, and exploitation of the collective knowledge of the community. These portals allow citizens to submit initiatives regarding spatial planning and infrastructure, creating a comprehensive collection of contributions that reflect the needs and desires of the community. The paper examines the potential of such portals in urban design and presents an example of their use in the Jurčkova cesta area in Ljubljana. The contribution of initiatives, both online and through traditional means, is a key aspect of public engagement, as it contributes to a better understanding of space and to raising awareness and advocacy for overlooked areas in planning. The paper highlights the importance of the usability and visual appeal of portals, as well-designed digital interfaces encourage active public participation. The analysis of municipal initiative portals in Slovenia included an overview of their structure, categorisation of initiatives, and content analysis of initiatives. Based on the analysis of collected citizen initiatives for the Jurčkova cesta area, project solutions were prepared. Local residents highlight various topics, with the majority of initiatives relating to road and transport infrastructure. They primarily point to the need to improve traffic safety and traffic calming. In addition to traffic issues, residents also expressed initiatives for the arrangement of green areas and children's playgrounds, which indicates a lack of quality public spaces in the Rudnik area. Such arrangements would contribute to greater social inclusion and an improvement in the quality of life in the neighbourhood. The analysis of the initiatives reveals a high level of engagement of residents and their desire to create a safer and more pleasant urban environment. The number and diversity of the initiatives show that residents actively perceive spatial deficiencies and provide concrete suggestions for improvements. The initiative portal proves to be a valuable tool for capturing the needs of the local community and can become a starting point for designing urban solutions that improve the quality of public spaces and strengthen the identity of the space. Keywords: community, participatory design, citizen initiatives, urban space identity 119 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV PREMOŠČEVANJE KONFLIKTOV Z (V)SKUPNOSTNO UTEMELJENIMI PROCESI OBLIKOVANJA: ŠTUDIJE PRIMEROV V STAREM MESTNEM JEDRU KOPRA V SLOVENIJI Marko Senčar Mrdaković ZRC SAZU, Geografski inštitut Antona Melika, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: marko.sencar-mrdakovic@zrc-sazu.si POVZETEK Procesi oblikovanja, ki temeljijo na skupnosti, lahko ustrezno obravnavajo potrebe in težnje lokalnih skupnosti ter si tako prizadevajo za reševanje (prostorskih) nesoglasij in družbeno-prostorske neenakosti, po drugi strani pa ti procesi ustvarjajo tudi težave v obliki nastajajočih nesoglasij. Na podlagi kvalitativne (etnografska) in kvantitativne (anketna) metode obravnavam več primerov prostorsko-oblikovalskih načinov obravnave, ki temeljijo na skupnosti, v starem mestnem jedru Kopra: participativno načrtovanje proračuna, začasno uporabo kulturnega centra Libertas in etnografsko študijo trga za urbano prenovo. Vse navedene prakse imajo ključno vlogo pri aktiviranju lokalnih skupnosti, ki se namensko združujejo za odzivanje na svoje lokalne potrebe in glede družbeno-prostorske neenakosti. Te prakse, ki temeljijo na skupnosti, so tesno povezane z družbenimi vrednotami skupin, občutkom za kraj (navezanostjo na kraj) in spodbujanjem lokalne identitete. Z vidika zgodovinske urbane krajine ima upravljanje kulturne dediščine in preteklosti v povezavi z grajenim okoljem izjemno pomembno vlogo pri gradnji lokalne identitete. Moj poudarek je na tem, kako se takšne pobude pojavljajo v gostem urbanem območju, ki je še posebej zanimiv laboratorij za takšno družbeno eksperimentiranje. Hkrati je mogoče opazovati izjemno težke pogoje za uresničevanje takšnih metod, ki temeljijo na skupnosti, zlasti glede njihove stabilnosti in trajnosti, zato poudarjam pomen uspešnega obvladovanja nesoglasij v teh procesih z dialogom deležnikov in učenjem za učinkovitejše vplive na lokalne skupnosti. Tukaj me še posebej zanima tudi vprašanje moči; kako strukture upravljanja hkrati omogočajo in ovirajo procese oblikovanja, ki temeljijo na skupnosti. Ključne besede: oblikovanje, ki temelji na skupnosti, konflikt, moč, identiteta kraja, staro mestno jedro Kopra 120 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS BRIDGING CONFLICTS WITH (IN)COMMUNITY-BASED DESIGN PROCESSES: CASE STUDIES IN THE OLD TOWN OF KOPER, SLOVENIA Marko Senčar Mrdaković ZRC SAZU, Anton Melik Geographical Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia, email: marko.sencar-mrdakovic@zrc-sazu.si ABSTRACT Community-based design processes can, on the one hand, significantly address the needs and aspirations of local communities and thus seek to resolve (spatial) conflicts and socio-spatial inequalities, but on the other hand, these processes also create problems in the form of emerging conflicts. Based on a qualitative (ethnographic) and quantitative (survey) approach, I discuss several examples of community-based approaches to spatial design in the case of the old town of Koper; participatory budgeting, the temporary use of the Libertas cultural hub, and an ethnographic study of the square for urban renewal. All of the above-mentioned practices play an exceptional role in the activation of local communities, which come together specifically for the purposes of responding to their local needs and existing socio-spatial inequalities. These community-based practices are closely linked to groups' social values, sense of place (place attachment) and the encouragement of place identity. In the context of the historic urban landscape, the management of cultural heritage and the past in relation to the built environment plays an extremely important role in the construction of place identity. My focus is on how these kinds of initiatives come about in a dense urban area, which is a particularly interesting laboratory for this kind of societal experimentation. At the same time, one can observe the extremely difficult conditions for the realisation of such community-based approaches, especially in terms of their stability and longevity; therefore, I highlight the importance of successfully managing the conflicts in these processes through stakeholder dialogue and learning for more effective impacts for local communities. Here, I am also particularly interested in the issue of power; how governance structures simultaneously enable and hinder community-based design processes. Keywords: community-based design, conflict, power, place identity, the old town of Koper 121 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 7: Ekonomske paradigme in identiteta kraja: rast, odrast in grajeno okolje Vodja sekcije: doc. dr. Janez Peter Grom, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo Sovodja sekcije: izr. prof. dr. Samo Drobne, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo Odnosi med ekonomskimi paradigmami, rastjo/odrastjo in njihovim vplivom na identiteto kraja so običajno zapleteni in dinamični. Sekcija preučuje, kako gospodarske sile oblikujejo grajeno okolje in kako te spremembe vplivajo na doživljanje in dojemanje kraja. Sekcija bo obravnavala socialne, kulturne in okoljske posledice različnih ekonomskih modelov in njihov vpliv na identiteto kraja. Razprave bodo osredotočene na vprašanje, kako lahko arhitektura in urbanistično oblikovanje odgovorita na izzive in priložnosti, ki jih prinašajo gospodarske spremembe. Cilj sekcije je razumeti, kako ustvariti grajena okolja, ki so finančno izvedljiva in prispevajo k močnemu občutku kraja. Ključne besede: ekonomske paradigme, rast/odrast, vpliv na identiteto kraja 122 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 7: Economic Paradigms and Place Identity: Growth, Degrowth and Built Environments Track chair: assist. prof. dr. Janez Peter Grom, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture Track co-chair: assoc. prof. dr. Samo Drobne, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering Relationships between economic paradigms, growth/degrowth and their impact on place identity are usually complex and dynamic. The track examines how economic forces shape the built environment and how these changes, in turn, affect how we perceive and experience place. The track will consider the social, cultural and environmental consequences of different economic models and how they influence the identity of place. Discussions will focus on how architecture and urban design can respond to the challenges and opportunities presented by economic shifts. The track aims to understand how to create built environments that are both economically viable and contribute to a strong sense of place. Keywords: economic paradigms, growth/degrowth, influence on the identity of place 123 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV OD SPORNIH PROSTOROV DO KATALIZATORJEV RASTI: EKONOMSKI VPLIV RUPNIKOVE OBRAMBNE LINIJE IN OBLIKOVANJE PROSTORSKE IDENTITETE doc. dr. Janez Peter Grom Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: janez.grom@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Vzpostavitev in utrjevanje rapalske meje leta 1920, zlasti z izgradnjo Rupnikove obrambne linije med letoma 1938 in 1941, sta pomembno vplivala na prostorski razvoj, gospodarske paradigme in identiteto kraja. Zaradi geopolitičnih napetosti med Italijo in Jugoslavijo je ta vojaška infrastruktura ustvarila sporne prostore in različne gospodarske rezultate na obeh straneh meje. Sprva je Rupnikova linija močno omejevala tradicionalne gospodarske dejavnosti, zlasti na Žiri, saj je motila trgovske poti, kmetijske prakse in lokalna gospodarstva. Vendar pa raziskave poudarjajo, da je militarizacija meje v medvojnem obdobju hkrati spodbudila gospodarsko rast s privabljanjem znatne vojaške prisotnosti in naložb v infrastrukturo, kar je postavilo temelje za hitro povojno gospodarsko širitev. Prostorske omejitve so Žiri prisilile h konsolidaciji dejavnosti, kar je spodbudilo okrepljeno industrializacijo, izboljšanje infrastrukture in gospodarske inovacije. Začetne motnje so se tako spremenile v priložnosti za močno lokalizirano rast, kar je Žirem omogočilo edinstven in dinamičen razvoj od sredine 20. stoletja naprej. Nasprotno pa je Idrija, ki je do leta 1947 ležala na italijanski strani, doživela stabilnejši, postopen gospodarski razvoj. Ker ni imela neposrednih militariziranih prostorskih posegov, je Idrija ohranila tradicionalno pot rasti, osredotočeno na uveljavljene panoge, kot je rudarstvo. Čeprav je to zagotavljalo stalno medvojno in povojno rast, Idrija ni dosegla dinamične gospodarske prilagodljivosti, ki je očitna v Žireh. Rupnikova linija je tudi pomembno oblikovala prostorsko identiteto in kolektivni spomin, saj je po letu 1947 prešla iz simbolov delitve v gonilno silo gospodarskih dejavnosti, ki temeljijo na dediščini. Prizadevanja za prilagodljivo ponovno uporabo, turizem in ohranjanje so se pojavila konec 20. stoletja ter podpirala trajnostne gospodarske modele, usklajene s sodobnimi teorijami urbane rasti, ki poudarjajo odpornost in kulturni pomen. Poleg tega so ti sporni prostori postali sestavni del lokalne identitete, saj so v 124 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS vsakodnevne izkušnje vpletali zgodovinski spomin, krepili skupnostne narative in spodbujali močan občutek pripadnosti. Morfološke analize poudarjajo te preobrazbe in tudi, kako je vojaška infrastruktura močno usmerjala vzorce urbane rasti. Primerjalne študije Žirov in Idrije razkrivajo različne poti, ki jih je poganjala prostorska militarizacija, ter poudarjajo njeno ključno vlogo pri oblikovanju različnih gospodarskih in prostorskih razvojev. Rupnikova obrambna linija ponazarja zapleten odnos med militarizacijo, gospodarskim razvojem in oblikovanjem identitete ter poudarja, kako zgodovinske prostorske delitve še naprej vplivajo na sodobne urbane strategije za odporno in kulturno ozaveščeno rast. Ključne besede: Rupnikova linija, ekonomska paradigma spornih ozemelj, Žiri v medvojnem obdobju, urbani razvoj militariziranega prostorskega konteksta 125 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV FROM CONTESTED SPACES TO CATALYSTS OF GROWTH: THE RUPNIK DEFENSE LINE'S ECONOMIC IMPACT AND SPATIAL IDENTITY FORMATION assist. prof. dr. Janez Peter Grom University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: janez.grom@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT The establishment and fortification of the Rapallo border in 1920, notably through the construction of the Rupnik defence line between 1938 and 1941, significantly influenced spatial development, economic paradigms, and place identity. Driven by geopolitical tensions between Italy and Yugoslavia, this military infrastructure created contested spaces and distinct economic outcomes on either side of the border. Initially, the Rupnik line severely constrained traditional economic activities, particularly impacting Žiri by disrupting trade routes, agricultural practices, and local economies. Yet, research highlights that border militarisation during the interwar period simultaneously stimulated economic growth by attracting substantial military presence and investment in infrastructure, laying the groundwork for rapid post-war economic expansion. Spatial constraints forced Žiri to consolidate activities, spurring intensified industrialisation, infrastructure enhancement, and economic innovation. Consequently, initial disruptions transformed into opportunities for robust localised growth, enabling Žiri to develop uniquely and dynamically from the mid-20th century onward. In contrast, Idrija, situated on the Italian side until 1947, experienced steadier, incremental economic development. Lacking direct militarised spatial interventions, Idrija maintained a traditional growth trajectory centred on established industries like mining. Although this provided continuous interwar and postwar growth, Idrija did not achieve the dynamic economic adaptability evident in Žiri. The Rupnik line also significantly shaped spatial identity and collective memory, transitioning from symbols of division to drivers of heritage-based economic activities after 1947. Adaptive reuse, tourism, and preservation efforts emerged in the late 20th century, supporting sustainable economic models aligned with contemporary urban degrowth theories emphasizing resilience and cultural relevance. Furthermore, these contested spaces 126 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS became integral to local identity, embedding historical memory within daily experiences, reinforcing community narratives, and fostering a strong sense of belonging. Morphological analyses underscore these transformations, highlighting how military infrastructure profoundly directed urban growth patterns. Comparative studies of Žiri and Idrija reveal divergent trajectories driven by spatial militarization, underlining its critical role in shaping distinct economic and spatial developments. The Rupnik defense line illustrates a complex relationship between militarization, economic development, and identity formation, underscoring how historical spatial divisions continue to influence contemporary urban strategies toward resilient and culturally conscious growth. Keywords: Rupnik line, economic paradigm of contested territories, Žiri in the interwar period, urban development of militarised spatial context 127 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV KONCENTRACIJA DELOVNIH MEST V SLOVENIJI izr. prof. dr. Samo Drobne Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: samo.drobne@fgg.uni-lj.si Tomaž Miklavčič Ministrstvo za naravne vire in prostor Republike Slovenije, Direktorat za prostorsko načrtovanje in gradnjo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: Tomaz.Miklavcic1@gov.si izr. prof. dr. Alma Zavodnik Lamovšek Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: alma.zavodnik@fgg.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Ekonomski paradigmi »rasti« in »odrasti« vplivata na identiteto kraja. Rast kot ekonomski model spodbuja razvoj infrastrukture, urbanizacijo in gospodarsko dejavnost, kar lahko vodi do sprememb v grajenem okolju in tako vpliva na identiteto kraja. Odrast spodbuja decentralizacijo in preseljevanje, kar pomeni, da se večji poudarek daje manjšim, regionalnim/lokalnim skupnostim. To lahko vodi do bolj raznolike in vključujoče politike prostorskega načrtovanja, ki upošteva potrebe prebivalcev. Razvoj policentričnega omrežja mest in drugih naselij je bil eden od prostorskorazvojnih ciljev strategije prostorskega razvoja Slovenije iz leta 2004. V tem prispevku bomo orisali spremembe v vlogi središč v omrežju urbanih središč v Sloveniji, zlasti z vidika koncentracije zaposlovanja v regionalnih središčih Slovenije. Analizirali bomo doseganje cilja razvoja policentričnega urbanega sistema v Sloveniji in spremembo vloge nekaterih središč. Ključne besede: rast, odrast, policentrizem, koncentracija delovnih mest, regionalna središča, Slovenija 128 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS JOB CONCENTRATION IN SLOVENIA assoc. prof. dr. Samo Drobne University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: samo.drobne@fgg.uni-lj.si Tomaž Miklavčič Ministry of Natural Resources and Spatial Planning, Directorate for Spatial Planning and Construction, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: Tomaz.Miklavcic1@gov.si assoc. prof. dr. Alma Zavodnik Lamovšek University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: alma.zavodnik@fgg.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT The two economic paradigms of "growth" and "degrowth" influence the identity of a place. Growth as an economic model promotes infrastructure development, urbanisation and economic activity, which can lead to changes in the built environment and consequently influence the identity of a place. Degrowth promotes decentralisation and relocation, which means that more emphasis is placed on smaller, regional/local communities. This can lead to a more diverse and inclusive spatial planning policy that takes into account the needs of residents. The development of a polycentric network of cities and other settlements is one of the spatial development objectives of spatial development strategies in Slovenia (SSDS, 2004; SSDS 2050, 2024). In this paper we outline the changes in the role of centres in the network of urban centres in Slovenia in the period 2000–2023, especially from the point of view of the concentration of employment in the regional centres of Slovenia. We also analyse to what extent the goal of developing a polycentric urban system in Slovenia has been achieved and how the role of some centres has changed. Keywords: growth, degrowth, polycentrism, job concentration, regional centres, Slovenia 129 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV DOLOČANJE GOSPODARSKIH POTENCIALOV SLOVENSKIH URBANIH OBMOČIJ ZA KLJUČNE URBANE POLITIKE prof. dr. Andreja Cirman Univerza v Ljubljani, Ekonomska fakulteta, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: andreja.cirman@ef.uni-lj.si mag. Nataša Pichler Milanović e-naslov: natasa.milanovic@guest.arnes.si doc. dr. Melita Balas Rant Univerza v Ljubljani, Ekonomska fakulteta, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: melita.balas.rant@ef.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Proces urbanega razvoja je vse bolj pod pritiskom gospodarske preobrazbe, družbenih, demografskih in okoljskih sprememb ter tehnoloških inovacij. Gospodarska aktivnost se bo geografsko locirala tako, da bo tudi s svoje lokacije poskušala kar najbolj povečati svojo konkurenčnost, pri čemer imajo pomembno vlogo tudi priložnosti izkoriščanja ekonomij obsega, s katerimi si podjetja lahko pridobijo stroškovne prednosti na trgu. V raziskavi preučujemo gospodarske razvojne zmogljivosti izbranih mestnih območij (občin) v Sloveniji in želimo poleg ugotavljanja razlik med njimi prikazati tudi ključne razvojne dejavnike, ki te razlike povzročajo. Opredelitev posameznih dejavnikov gospodarskih zmogljivosti urbanih območij, na podlagi katerih se lahko izrazijo različne oblike in viri zunanjih ekonomij, izbiro primernih kazalnikov in njihovo obdelavo smiselno povzemamo po metodologiji projekta ESPON II POLYCE (2010–2012). Rezultati analize gospodarskih zmogljivosti urbanih območij v Sloveniji poudarjajo vlogo glavnega mesta Ljubljana (in funkcionalnega urbanega območja) z najvišjo zgostitvijo nadpovprečnih rezultatov, sledita pa mu dve regionalni središči – Nova Gorica in Novo mesto. Profili posameznih urbanih območij so tudi pomembno empirično podprto orodje za oblikovalce politik in druge deležnike pri krepitvi gospodarske konkurenčnosti, teritorialne kohezije in celovitih strateških urbanih politik. Ključne besede: razvojni ekonomski potencial, mestna območja, ekonomija aglomeracije, konkurenčnost mest 130 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS DETERMINING THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF SLOVENIAN URBAN AREAS FOR KEY URBAN POLICIES prof. dr. Andreja Cirman University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Economics, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: andreja.cirman@ef.uni-lj.si mag. Nataša Pichler Milanović e-mail: natasa.milanovic@guest.arnes.si assist. prof. dr. Melita Balas Rant University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Economics, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: melita.balas.rant@ef.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT The urban development process has been under intensive economic restructuring, socio-demographic and environmental transformations with technological innovations. Economic activities are geographically located to improve territorial competitiveness of companies as they have important role and possibilities of the economy of scale with cost effective market advantages. In this research the economic development potentials of selected urban areas (69 municipalities) in Slovenia have been defined through key development factors that are also causing the development gap as sources of external economies between selected urban areas. The selection of individual development factors of the economic potential of urban areas is based on the most important economic indicators (28) as initially implemented in the methodology of the ESPON II POLYCE project (2010-2012) Metropolisation & Polycentric Development in Central Europe for defining the potentials of MEGA (Metropolitan European Growth Areas) in Europe. The results of our analysis of economic potential of urban areas in Slovenia has emphasized the role of the capital city of Ljubljana (and functional urban area) with the highest concentration of the above average results followed with two regional urban areas (of national importance, SPRS 2004) – Nova Gorica and Novo mesto. The profiles of individual towns and urban areas are important empirically supported instrument for policy makers and other stakeholders for enhancing territorial competitiveness and cohesion, and strategic recommendations for further key urban policies. Keywords: development economic potential, urban areas, agglomeration economy, urban competitiveness, Slovenia 131 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV OHRANJANJE LOKALNE IDENTITETE – EKONOMSKI VPOGLED izr. prof. dr. Ewelina Idziak Univerza Kazimierz Wielki, Bydgoszcz, Poljska, e-naslov: ewelina.idziak@ukw.edu.pl Azerbajdžanska državna ekonomska univerza, Baku, Azerbajdžan POVZETEK Ohranjanje lokalne identitete je ključnega pomena za ohranjanje kulturne dediščine, spodbujanje kohezije skupnosti in zagotavljanje trajnostnega gospodarskega razvoja. V dobi globalizacije gospodarske sile, kot so urbanizacija, turizem in digitalizacija, pomembno vplivajo na lokalne tradicije, podjetja in družbene strukture. Ta članek raziskuje gospodarske vidike ohranjanja lokalne identitete s poudarkom na vlogi malih podjetij, dediščinskega turizma, vzorcev zaposlovanja in političnih intervencij pri ohranjanju kulturne edinstvenosti. Študija uporablja mešano metodo, ki združuje kvalitativno analizo študij primerov s kvantitativnimi podatki o gospodarskih trendih, ki vplivajo na lokalno identiteto. Študije primerov poudarjajo uspešne strategije v različnih regijah, kjer so gospodarske pobude okrepile lokalno identiteto, in prikazujejo vlogo podjetništva, trajnostnega turizma in digitalnega delovanja pri ohranjanju kulturne posebnosti. Poleg tega se za oceno gospodarskega vpliva politik na ohranjanje kulturne dediščine uporablja statistična analiza, ki zagotavlja empirične dokaze o njihovi učinkovitosti. Članek opredeljuje izzive, kot so komercializacija dediščine, vpliv globalnih tržnih sil in tveganje kulturne homogenizacije. Z interdisciplinarno metodo ponuja vpogled v to, kako lahko oblikovalci politik, podjetja in skupnosti sodelujejo pri zaščiti lokalne identitete, hkrati pa zagotavljajo gospodarsko trajnost. Ugotovitve poudarjajo pomen vključevanja kulturne dediščine v gospodarsko načrtovanje, podpiranja lokalnih industrij in spodbujanja odgovornih turističnih praks. Z uskladitvijo gospodarskih spodbud z ohranjanjem kulturne dediščine lahko družbe ustvarijo modele, ki varujejo njihovo edinstveno identiteto, hkrati pa spodbujajo dolgoročno blaginjo. Ključne besede: lokalna identiteta, ekonomska trajnost, kulturna dediščina, globalizacija, turizem, podjetništvo, ohranjanje 132 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS PRESERVING LOCAL IDENTITY – ECONOMIC INSIGHT assoc. prof. dr. Ewelina Idziak Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland, e-mail: ewelina.idziak@ukw.edu.pl Azerbaijan State University of Economics, Baku, Azerbaijan ABSTRACT Preserving local identity is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, fostering community cohesion, and ensuring sustainable economic development. In an era of globalization, economic forces such as urbanization, tourism, and digitalization significantly influence local traditions, businesses, and social structures. This paper explores the economic aspects of preserving local identity, focusing on the role of small enterprises, heritage tourism, employment patterns, and policy interventions in sustaining cultural uniqueness. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative analysis of case studies with quantitative data on economic trends affecting local identity. Case studies highlight successful strategies in various regions where economic initiatives have strengthened local identity, demonstrating the role of entrepreneurship, sustainable tourism, and digital engagement in preserving cultural distinctiveness. Additionally, statistical analysis is used to assess the economic impact of cultural preservation policies, providing empirical evidence on their effectiveness. The paper identifies challenges such as the commercialization of heritage, the impact of global market forces, and the risk of cultural homogenization. Through an interdisciplinary approach, it provides insights into how policymakers, businesses, and communities can collaborate to protect local identity while ensuring economic sustainability. The findings underscore the importance of integrating cultural heritage into economic planning, supporting local industries, and encouraging responsible tourism practices. By aligning economic incentives with cultural preservation, societies can create models that safeguard their unique identity while fostering long-term prosperity. Keywords: local identity, economic sustainability, cultural heritage, globalization, tourism, entrepreneurship, preservation 133 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 8: Identiteta skozi oblikovanje in izzivi podnebnih sprememb Vodja sekcije: doc. dr. Domen Kušar, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo Sovodja sekcije: Barbara Mušič, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije V tej sekciji je v središču pozornosti stik zasnove identitete prostora in aktualnih izzivov podnebnih sprememb. Raziskuje, kako se arhitekturno in urbanistično oblikovanje lahko odzove na podnebne spremembe, hkrati pa ohranja in krepi lokalne identitete. Sekcija bo preučevala strategije za ustvarjanje prožnih in trajnostnih grajenih okolij, prilagojenih spreminjajočim se okoljskim razmeram. Posebna pozornost je namenjena vlogi oblikovanja pri blaženju podnebnih sprememb in prilagajanju njihovim učinkom v okviru širše razprave o tem, kako lahko oblikovanje spodbuja pripadnost mestu v hitro spreminjajočem se svetu. Sekcija spodbuja raziskovanje inovativnih oblikovalskih rešitev, ki upoštevajo tako podnebne spremembe kot ohranjanje kulturne dediščine. Ključne besede: podnebne spremembe, ublažitev, ohranjanje in krepitev lokalne identitete, inovativne oblikovalske rešitve 134 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 8: Identity by Design and Challenges of Climate Change Track chair: assist. prof. dr. Domen Kušar, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture Track co-chair: Barbara Mušič, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia The intersection of identity by design and the urgent challenges of climate change are put in focus in this track. It explores how architectural and urban design can respond to climate change while preserving and strengthening local identities. The track will examine strategies for creating resilient and sustainable built environments adapted to changing environmental conditions. Special attention is given to the role of design in mitigating climate change and adapting to its effects within a wider discussion on how design can foster a sense of place in a rapidly changing world. The track encourages the exploration of innovative design solutions that address both climate change and preservation of the cultural heritage. Keywords: climate change, mitigation, preserving and strengthening local identities, innovative design solutions 135 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV VPLIV PODNEBNIH SPREMEMB – MALA LEDENA DOBA – NA ARHITEKTURNO PODOBO SLOVENIJE doc. dr. Domen Kušar Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: domen.kusar@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Razvoj stavb je skozi zgodovino vedno odražal vplive kraja, njegove okolice in družbe. Je posledica dostopnosti materialov, poznavanja tehnologije, nevarnosti kraja in finančnih zmožnosti investitorja. Že od prvih civilizacij lahko spremljamo proces, kako se arhitektura odziva na podnebne izzive lokacije. Z njo je arhitekt poskušal izkoristiti prednosti krajevnega podnebja in se zoperstaviti slabostim. To se je odražalo v izbiri primerne lokacije, uporabi materialov, oblikovanju stavb in njihovih sestavnih delov, zlasti streh, sten, v razporeditvi in dimenzijah odprtin in drugem. Na občasne izredne pojave je običajno gledal kot na delo višje sile, medtem ko je ponavljajoče se ali dolgotrajne neprijetne pojave vključeval v svoje načrtovanje in temu primerno prilagajal arhitekturo. Razvoj hiše v Sloveniji lahko spremljamo tudi v luči podnebnih sprememb, ki so skupaj z nekaterimi drugimi deležniki povzročile povečano število požarov. Obdobje tako imenovane male ledene dobe je bilo obdobje katastrofalnih požarov v slovenskih naseljih. Da bi preprečili to nevarnost, so oblasti sprejele različne ukrepe. To je zmanjšalo število in obseg požarov, hkrati pa dolgoročno vpliva na arhitekturno podobo Slovenije. Ključne besede: arhitektura, požar, podnebne spremembe, mala ledena doba 136 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE – THE LITTLE ICE AGE- ON ARCHITECTURAL IMAGE OF SLOVENIA assist. prof. dr. Domen Kušar University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: domen.kusar@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT Throughout history, the development of buildings has always reflected the influences of the place itself, its surroundings and society. It is the result of the availability of materials, knowledge of technology, the dangers of the place and the financial capabilities of the investor. From the first civilizations onwards, we can follow the process of how architecture responds to the climatic challenges of the location. With it, the architect tried to take advantage of the advantages of a certain climate and oppose the bad ones. This was reflected in the selection of a suitable location, the use of materials, the design of buildings and their components, especially roofs, walls, the arrangement and dimensions of openings, etc. He usually looked at occasional extraordinary events as the work of a higher power, while he included repeated or prolonged unpleasant events in his thoughts and adapted the architecture accordingly. The development of the house in Slovenia can also be monitored in the light of climate change, which, together with some other stakeholders, resulted in an increased number of fires. The period of the so-called Little Ice Age was a period of catastrophic fires in Slovenian settlements. To prevent this danger, the authorities adopted various measures. This reduced the number and extent of fires, but at the same time had a long-term impact on the architectural image of Slovenia. Keywords: architecture, fire, climate change, little ice age 137 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV USKLAJEVANJE PODNEBNO ODZIVNEGA URBANISTIČNEGA IN ARHITEKTURNEGA OBLIKOVANJA Z IDENTITETO KRAJA Barbara Mušič Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: barbara.music@uirs.si POVZETEK Podnebne spremembe imajo največji vpliv na prostor in se kažejo v številnih okoljskih, družbenih in gospodarskih izzivih. Arhitekturno in urbanistično oblikovanje imata ključno vlogo pri reševanju izzivov zaradi podnebnih sprememb. Ker stavbe porabijo 40 % letne energije v EU in proizvedejo 36 % letnih emisij toplogrednih plinov v EU, so arhitekti in urbanisti primorani spodbujati trajnostne razvojne metode za ublažitev okoljske in družbene škode z inovativnimi oblikovalskimi rešitvami, ki spoštujejo identiteto kraja. Namen raziskave je raziskati odnos med arhitekturnim in urbanističnim oblikovanjem, odpornostjo proti podnebnim spremembam in identiteto kraja. Trajnostnost je močno povezana s podnebno odzivnim oblikovanjem, spodbuja uporabo trajnostnih gradbenih materialov, ozelenitev, energetsko učinkovite sisteme in upoštevanje načel, ki pozitivno vplivajo na ogljični odtis in krepijo odpornost lokalnih skupnosti. Ključni vidik podnebno nevtralnih stavb je uporaba pasivnih oblikovalskih tehnik, kot so orientacija stavbe, vključevanje naravnega prezračevanja ter zmanjšanje ogrevanja in hlajenja. Poleg tega je treba spoštovati tudi identiteto kraja. Cilj članka je raziskati, ali nove arhitekturne tipologije spoštujejo načela odpornosti proti podnebnim spremembam in identiteto območja in mesta, ter predlagati rešitve za izboljšave. Za oceno različnih urbanističnih in arhitekturnih oblikovalskih načel bo za pilotna območja razvit nabor meril. Rezultati raziskave lahko prispevajo k razvoju modela ocenjevanja in spodbudijo ustvarjanje inovativnih rešitev, ki obravnavajo tako okoljske kot kulturne izzive ter ponujajo odgovore na to, kako se lahko arhitekturno in urbanistično oblikovanje prilagodi spreminjajočim se okoljskim razmeram, s čimer spodbujajo občutek kraja in skupnosti v luči podnebnih sprememb. Ključne besede: mestna identiteta, oblikovanje, ki se odziva na podnebje, javni odprti prostori, strategije odpornosti, vrednotenje na podlagi kraja 138 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS BALANCING CLIMATE-RESPONSIVE URBAN AND ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN WITH THE IDENTITY OF PLACE Barbara Mušič Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: barbara.music@uirs.si ABSTRACT Climate changes have the greatest impact on space, manifesting in numerous environmental, social, and economic challenges. Architectural and urban design play a crucial role in addressing climate change challenges. Since buildings are responsible for consuming 40 % of annual EU energy and producing 36 % of annual EU greenhouse gas emissions, architects and urban planners are positioned to drive sustainable development approaches to mitigate environmental and social damage through innovative design solutions that respect the identity of place. The research aims to explore the relationship between architectural and urban design, climate resilience, and the identity of place. Sustainability is strongly related to climate-responsive design, promotes the use of sustainable construction materials, greening, energy-efficient systems, and principles that positively impact the carbon footprint and enhance the resilience of local communities. One key aspect of climate-neutral buildings is the use of passive design techniques as building orientation, incorporating natural ventilation, and minimising heating and cooling. Aside from that, the identity of the place needs to be respected. The paper aims to research whether new architectural typologies respect climate-resilient principles and the identity of the area and the city, and propose improvement solutions. To assess different urban and architectural design principles, a set of criteria will be developed for pilot areas. The results of the research can contribute to the development of the assessment model and stimulate the creation of innovative solutions that address both environmental and cultural challenges and provide answers on how architectural and urban design can adapt to changing environmental conditions, fostering a sense of place and community in the face of climate change. Keywords: urban identity, climate-responsive design, public open spaces, resilience strategies, place-based evaluation 139 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV TRADICIONALNI GRADNIKI HISTORIČNIH JEDER ZA BLAŽENJE POJAVA URBANEGA TOPLOTNEGA OTOKA – PRIMER STAREGA KRANJA Nina Beganović Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: ninabega@gmail.com POVZETEK Urbani toplotni otok (UTO) je pojav, značilen za vsa mesta, ki se s stopnjevanjem podnebne krize povečuje. Stara mestna jedra iz tega niso izključena in so poleti pogosto pregreta, kar škoduje zdravju ljudi, vodi v izgubo javnega življenja, škoduje materialnosti kulturne dediščine in urbanim ekosistemom historičnih jeder, s čimer se spreminja njihova identiteta. Ukrepi za blaženje UTO so raznoliki in vezani na zelenje, vodo, energijo, promet in drugo, pojavljajo pa se tudi novi tehnološko inovativni ukrepi, ki lahko prispevajo k hlajenju in senčenju prostora. Pri pregledu možnih ukrepov se izkaže, da so nekateri izmed njih že prisotni v starih mestnih jedrih v obliki tradicionalnih gradnikov prostora. Staro mestno jedro Kranja je primer naselja z dobro ohranjenimi objekti kulturne dediščine ter srednjeveško urbano zasnovo. Kljub temu se srečuje s funkcionalno degradacijo, vidno v opuščanju dejavnosti in pomanjkanju javnega življenja. Mesto je v poletnih mesecih pregreto, kar še oteži družbeno življenje, predvsem za ogrožene družbene skupine. Ponuja se priložnost za njegovo revitalizacijo, ki upošteva potrebo po hlajenju javnega prostora. Primer Kranja nudi nabor tradicionalnih elementov, ki so stoletja prispevali k urbanemu udobju naselja in se ohranili do danes. Nekateri gradniki so se z zgoščevanjem naselja ter neustrezno in neuspešno prenovo uničili, a z njihovo sodobno reinterpretacijo se lahko ohrani identiteta starega jedra in hkrati blaži vročina v mestu. Z ohranjanjem in prenovo teh gradnikov se ohranjajo vrednote, znanje in način bivanja iz preteklosti, ki pa ni prilagojen izzivom sedanjosti, kot so podnebne spremembe. Zaradi tega bo treba stara jedra in življenje v njih pred vročino varovati tudi s sodobnejšimi ukrepi. Iskanje sinergije med varstvom tradicionalnih elementov ter uvajanjem novih ukrepov zahteva multidisciplinarno metodo revitalizacije mest. Na primeru Kranja se ponuja razmislek o možnih kombinacijah obstoječih in novih elementov na način, ki spoštuje dediščino in prispeva k blaženju UTO. Ključne besede: urbani toplotni otok, kulturna dediščina, identiteta naselja, podnebne spremembe 140 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS TRADITIONAL BUILDING STRUCTURES OF HISTORIC CENTRES TO MITIGATE THE URBAN HEAT ISLAND PHENOMENON – THE CASE OF OLD KRANJ Nina Beganović University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: ninabega@gmail.com ABSTRACT The urban heat island (UHI) is a phenomenon characteristic of all cities, but it is increasing with the intensification of the climate crisis. Old city centres are not excluded from this and are often overheated in summer, which harms people's health, leads to the diminished public life, damages the materiality of cultural heritage and urban ecosystems of historical centres, thereby changing their identity. Measures to mitigate UHI are diverse and related to greenery, water, energy, transport, etc. Technologically innovative measures are emerging that can contribute to cooling and shading the space. When reviewing possible measures, it turns out that some of them were already present in old city centres in the form of traditional building blocks. The old town centre of Kranj is an example of a settlement with well-preserved cultural heritage buildings and a medieval urban layout. Nevertheless, it is experiencing functional degradation, visible in the abandonment of activities and the lack of public life. At the same time, the city is overheated in the summer months, which makes social life even more difficult, especially for vulnerable social groups. There is an opportunity for its revitalization, which takes into account the need for cooling the public space. The example of Kranj offers a set of traditional elements that have contributed to the urban comfort of the settlement for centuries and have been preserved to this day. Some of the housing blocks have been destroyed through the densification of the settlement and maladaptation, but their modern reinterpretation can address the identity of the old centre and at the same time alleviate the heat in the city. By preserving and renovating these housing blocks, the values, knowledge and way of life from the past can be preserved. These are not adapted to the challenges of the present, such as climate change. Therefore it will be necessary to protect the old town centres and their living patterns from the heat with contemporary measures. Finding synergies between protecting traditional elements and introducing new measures requires a multidisciplinary approach to urban revitalization. The example of Kranj offers a reflection on possible combinations of existing and new elements in a way that respects heritage and contributes to UHI mitigation. Keywords: urban heat island, cultural heritage, settlement identity, climate change 141 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 9: Javni prostor in oblikovanje kolektivne identitete Vodja sekcije: dr. Christine Mady, Univerza Aalto, Fakulteta za umetnost, oblikovanje in arhitekturo, Oddelek za arhitekturo Sovodja sekcije: Marina Lovrič, Geodetski inštitut Slovenije Javni prostori imajo ključno vlogo pri oblikovanju in odražanju kolektivne identitete. Sekcija raziskuje, kako javni prostori, kot so ulice, parki, trgi in drugi tipi javnih prostorov, prispevajo k občutku pripadnosti, skupnosti, skupne izkušnje in, ne nazadnje, kraja. Razprave bodo zajemale oblikovanje, upravljanje in socialno dinamiko javnih prostorov ter preučevale, kako ti spodbujajo družbeno interakcijo, kulturni izraz in državljansko udejstvovanje. Sekcija bo obravnavala tudi izzive, s katerimi se spoprijemamo v javnih prostorih v 21. stoletju, kot so privatizacija, varnostni pomisleki in vpliv digitalnih tehnologij. Splošni cilj je razumeti, kako lahko prostorski strokovnjaki in lokalne skupnosti sodelujejo pri ustvarjanju živahnih in vključujočih javnih prostorov, ki krepijo kolektivno identiteto ter prispevajo k občutku kraja. To vključuje upoštevanje zgodovinske evolucije javnih prostorov, njihove vloge v družbenih gibanjih in možnosti, ki jih ponujajo za spodbujanje socialne pravičnosti in kulturne raznolikosti. Ključne besede: kolektivna identiteta, javni prostori, zgodovinska evolucija, družbena gibanja, interakcija, kulturni izraz, državljanska udeležba 142 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 9: Public Space and the Construction of Collective Identity Track chair: dr. Chritine Mady, Aalto University, School of Arts, Design and Architecture, Department of Architecture Track co-chair: Marina Lovrič, Geodetic Institute of Slovenia Public spaces have a crucial role in shaping and reflecting collective identity. The track explores how public spaces such as streets, parks, squares and other typologies of public spaces contribute to a sense of belonging, community, shared experience and not least, place. Discussions will cover the design, management and social dynamics of public spaces, examining how they foster social interaction, cultural expression and civic engagement. The track will also consider the challenges facing public spaces in the 21st century, such as privatisation, security concerns and the impact of digital technologies. The overall goal is to understand how spatial professionals and communities can collaborate to create vibrant and inclusive public spaces that strengthen collective identity and contribute to a sense of place. This includes considering the historical evolution of public spaces, their role in social movements and their potential to promote social equity and cultural diversity. Keywords: collective identity, public spaces, historical evolution, social movements, interaction, cultural expression and civic engagement 143 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV KOLEKTIVNA IDENTITETA KRAJA SKOZI UNIVERZALNO OBLIKOVANJE: KAKO JAVNI PROSTOR OBLIKUJE VKLJUČUJOČO DRUŽBO Marina Lovrić Geodetski inštitut Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: marina.lovric@gis.si Jani Demšar Geodetski inštitut Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: jani.demsar@gis.si POVZETEK Javni prostor je ključen pri oblikovanju kolektivne identitete, saj omogoča interakcijo, participacijo in oblikovanje skupnostnih vrednot. Ni zgolj fizični okvir urbanega življenja, temveč tudi simbolna in socialna platforma, kjer se oblikujejo meje vključevanja in izključevanja. Dostopnost prostora zato ni zgolj tehnično vprašanje, temveč politično, družbeno in oblikovalsko načelo, ki vpliva na to, kako posamezniki prostor zaznavajo, se v njem orientirajo in ga doživljajo. Samostojno gibanje in neodvisna mobilnost sta osnovni potrebi vsakega posameznika. Predpogoj za enakovredno uporabo javnega prostora in polno vključevanje invalidov v družbo je fizična dostopnost odprtega javnega prostora in stavb. Višinske ovire, slabo označeni prehodi, neustrezne zvočne in vizualne informacije, pomanjkanje barvnih kontrastov ter odsotnost taktilnih elementov ne le omejujejo fizični dostop, temveč tudi zmanjšujejo občutek varnosti, orientacijo in možnost enakovredne uporabe prostora. Univerzalno oblikovanje presega minimalne zahteve dostopnosti in spodbuja oblikovanje prostorov, ki so intuitivni, prilagodljivi in prijazni najširšemu krogu uporabnikov. Njegovo ključno načelo je, da dostopnost ni naknadna prilagoditev, temveč integralni del arhitekturnega načrtovanja, ki omogoča enakopravno prostorsko izkušnjo za vse. Multisenzorični načini oblikovanja, vizualna jasnost, zvočne in haptične informacije ter prilagodljivi urbani elementi so ključna orodja za ustvarjanje bolj vključujočih in doživljajsko bogatih javnih prostorov. Prispevek bo analiziral razmerje med univerzalnim oblikovanjem in kolektivno identiteto skozi primere arhitekturnih rešitev, ki so presegle klasične modele načrtovanja ter ustvarile odprte, povezovalne in demokratične javne prostore. Posebno pozornost bomo namenili vprašanju, kako arhitekturno oblikovanje in urbane politike vplivajo na oblikovanje vključujočega prostora, kjer se duh prostora in njegova identiteta odražata v dejanski uporabi prostora pri vseh uporabnikih, upoštevajoč tudi vplive obstoječega stavbnega fonda in drugega grajenega prostora kulturne dediščine. Ključne besede: javni prostor, univerzalno oblikovanje, dostopnost, kolektivna identiteta 144 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS COLLECTIVE IDENTITY OF A PLACE THROUGH UNIVERSAL DESIGN: HOW PUBLIC SPACE SHAPES AN INCLUSIVE SOCIETY Marina Lovrić Geodetic Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: marina.lovric@gis.si Jani Demšar Geodetic Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: jani.demsar@gis.si ABSTRACT Public space is key in shaping collective identity, as it enables interaction, participation and the formation of community values. It is not only the physical framework of urban life, but also a symbolic and social platform where the boundaries of inclusion and exclusion are formed. Accessibility of space is therefore not just a technical issue, but a political, social and design principle that influences how individuals perceive space, orient themselves in it and experience it. Independent movement and mobility are basic needs of every individual. A prerequisite for the equal use of public space and the full inclusion of people with disabilities in society is the physical accessibility of open public spaces and buildings. Height barriers, poorly marked passages, inadequate sound and visual information, lack of colour contrasts and the absence of tactile elements not only limit physical access, but also reduce the feeling of safety, orientation and the possibility of equal use of space. Universal design goes beyond the minimum accessibility requirements and encourages the design of spaces that are intuitive, adaptable and friendly to the widest range of users. Its key principle is that accessibility is not an afterthought, but an integral part of architectural design that enables an equal spatial experience for all. Multisensory approaches, visual clarity, sound and haptic information and adaptable urban elements are key tools for creating more inclusive and experiential public spaces. The paper will analyse the relationship between universal design and collective identity through examples of architectural solutions that have gone beyond classic planning models and created open, connecting and democratic public spaces. We will pay special attention to the question of how architectural design and urban policies influence the creation of an inclusive space, where the spirit of the space and its identity are reflected in the actual use of the space by all users, also considering the influences of the existing building stock and other built space of cultural heritage. Keywords: public space, universal design, accessibility, collective identity 145 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV PONOVNA VZPOSTAVITEV JAVNEGA PROSTORA: ISKANJE IDENTITETE V VELIKIH STANOVANJSKIH SOSESKAH S PRISTOPOM PARTICIPATIVNEGA PRORAČUNA prof. dr. Uģis Bratuškins Tehnična univerza v Rigi, Riga, Latvija, e-naslov: ugis.bratuskins@rtu.lv prof. dr. Sandra Treija Tehnična univerza v Rigi, Riga, Latvija, e-naslov: sandra.treija@rtu.lv doc. dr. Alisa Koroļova Tehnična univerza v Rigi, Riga, Latvija, e-naslov: alisa.korolova@rtu.lv POVZETEK Urbani javni prostori lahko spodbujajo interakcijo med urbanim okoljem in družbo, kar v pozitivnem procesu ustvarja navezanost prebivalcev na kraj in identiteto soseske. Pripadnost kraju, ki temelji na identiteti kraja, je osnova trajnosti skupnosti, vendar se vse bolj spoprijemamo s privatizacijo zunanjega prostora in izgubo identitete kraja. Obnova velikih povojnih stanovanjskih območij je postala pereča težava za številna mesta. Čeprav ta območja ustrezajo sodobnim paradigmam, kot sta 15-minutno mesto in kompaktno mesto, njihov upadajoči ugled zahteva nove načine revitalizacije. Ta študija raziskuje vlogo participativnega proračuna pri izboljšanju prostorske identitete in navezanosti na kraj, kar prebivalcem omogoča aktivno oblikovanje njihovega urbanega okolja. S spodbujanjem lokalnega sodelovanja v procesih odločanja participativni proračun služi kot orodje za reševanje težav, izboljšanje kakovosti javnih odprtih prostorov in ustvarjanje bolj vključujočih in v skupnost usmerjenih sosesk. Ključne besede: javni prostor, identiteta, velika stanovanjska naselja 146 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS RECLAIMING PUBLIC SPACE: SEARCHING FOR IDENTITY THROUGH PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING APPROACH IN LARGE-SCALE HOUSING ESTATES prof. dr. Uģis Bratuškins Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia, e-mail: ugis.bratuskins@rtu.lv prof. dr. Sandra Treija Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia, e-mail: sandra.treija@rtu.lv assist. prof. dr. Alisa Koroļova Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia, e-mail: alisa.korolova@rtu.lv ABSTRACT Urban public spaces can promote the interaction between the urban environment and society, which in the case of a positive process, creates the attachment of residents to the place and the identity of the neighbourhood. Belonging to a place, which is based on the identity of the place, is the basis of the sustainability of communities, however, we are increasingly faced with the privatisation of outdoor space and the loss of identity of the place. The renewal of large-scale post-war residential areas has become a pressing problem for many cities. Although these areas correspond to contemporary paradigms, such as the 15-minute city and the compact city, their declining reputation requires new approaches to revitalisation. This study explores the role of participatory budgeting in improving spatial identity and attachment to the place, allowing residents to actively shape their urban environment. By promoting local participation in decision-making processes, participatory budgeting serves as a tool to solve problems, to improve the quality of public open spaces and to create more inclusive and community-oriented neighbourhoods. Keywords: public space, identity, large housing estates 147 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV GOJENJE SPOMINA: REVITALIZACIJA IN PRILAGODLJIVA PONOVNA UPORABA INSTITUCIJ, KI TRPIJO ZARADI DIKTATURE prof. dr. Florian Nepravishta Politehnična univerza v Tirani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo in urbanizem, Tirana, Albanija, e-naslov: florian.nepravishta@fau.edu.al POVZETEK Albanija je podedovala veliko struktur, ki so med komunistično diktaturo služile kot kraji trpljenja političnih zapornikov in nasprotnikov režima. Od padca komunizma v devetdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja je bilo storjenega zelo malo za ohranitev in poudarjanje tega kritičnega dela kolektivnega spomina. Spomin na te institucije in grozodejstva, ki so se zgodila v njih, je bil v nacionalni zavesti pogosto marginaliziran, pozabljen ali potlačen. Poleg tega se ta območja kulturne dediščine spoprijemajo s številnimi tveganji, vključno s potresno aktivnostjo, poplavami, zemeljskimi plazovi in grožnjami, ki jih povzroča človek. Izvajanje standardov za zaščito arhitekturne dediščine pred naravnimi tveganji je izziv, saj je treba zagotoviti, da zaščitni ukrepi ne ogrožajo izvirnosti, avtentičnosti in estetske vrednosti zgodovinskih spomenikov. Ta članek se osredotoča na preučevanje in dokumentiranje prizadetih institucij iz obdobja komunistične diktature. Kot študiji primera predlaga ohranitev in revitalizacijo zapora Spaç in taborišča za prisilno delo v Tepeleni ter njuno preobrazbo v muzeje kolektivnega spomina. Raziskava je bila izvedena v dveh glavnih fazah: prvič, raziskovalna in dokumentarna dejavnost za identifikacijo in analizo trenutnega stanja spomenikov, njihovih zgodovinskih sprememb, značilnosti, tveganj zaradi različnih nesreč in njihovega potenciala; drugič, nujni posegi za ohranitev spomenikov, ki jim sledijo restavratorski posegi in predlogi za vrednotenje, revitalizacijo in ponovno vključitev teh lokacij v kulturno in turistično življenje. V sklepu je poudarjena nujnost ohranitve in revitalizacije nekaterih prizadetih institucij iz komunističnega obdobja ter njihove preobrazbe v kraje spomina na žrtve režima. Predlog za revitalizacijo trpečih institucij kot muzejev kolektivnega spomina bi spodbujal ozaveščenost in izobraževanje mlajših generacij ter služil kot katalizator za spodbujanje lokalnega turizma in gospodarstva, ustvarjanje novih zaposlitvenih možnosti in spodbujanje trajnostnega razvoja na teh območjih. Ključne besede: ohranjanje dediščine, obnova, revitalizacija, prizadete institucije, diktatura 148 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS CULTIVATING MEMORY: REVITALISATION AND ADAPTIVE RE-USE OF DICTATORSHIP SUFFERING INSTITUTIONS prof. dr. Florian Nepravishta Polytechnic University of Tirana, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tirana, Albania, e-mail: florian.nepravishta@fau.edu.al ABSTRACT Albania has inherited a significant number of structures that, during the communist dictatorship, served as sites of suffering for political prisoners and regime opponents. Since the fall of communism in the 1990s, very little has been done to preserve and highlight this critical part of collective memory. The memory of these institutions and the atrocities that occurred within them has often been marginalised, forgotten, or suppressed in the national consciousness. Moreover, these cultural heritage sites face numerous risks, including seismic activity, floods, landslides, and human-caused threats. Implementing standards to protect architectural heritage from natural risks presents a challenge, as it is essential to ensure that protective measures do not compromise the originality, authenticity, and aesthetic values of historical monuments. This paper focuses on studying and documenting the suffering institutions from the communist dictatorship period. It proposes, as case studies, the preservation and revitalisation of Spaç Prison and the Forced Labor Camp in Tepelena, transforming them into museums of collective memory. The research was conducted in two main phases: first, an exploratory and documentary activity to identify and analyse the current state of the monuments, their historical changes, characteristics, risks from various disasters and their potential; second, emergency interventions for the preservation of the monuments, followed by restoration interventions and proposals for the evaluation, revitalisation, and reintegration of these sites into cultural and touristic life. The conclusions emphasise the necessity of preserving and revitalising some of the institutions of suffering from the communist period, transforming them into places of remembrance for the regime's victims. The proposal for revitalising such institutions as museums of collective memory would promote awareness and education for younger generations and serve as a catalyst for boosting local tourism and economy, creating new employment opportunities, and fostering sustainable development in the areas. Keywords: heritage preservation, restoration, revitalisation, suffering institutions, dictatorship 149 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV PRISVAJANJE JAVNEGA PROSTORA S STRANI ROLKARJEV: IDENTITETA IN VPLIV URBANE REVITALIZACIJE Victoria Furtado de Carvalho Univerza v Helsinkih, Helsinki, Finska, e-naslov: victoria.furtadodecarvalho@helsinki.fi POVZETEK Namen članka je raziskati, kako izključitev rolkarjev iz urbanističnega načrtovanja vpliva na prilastitev javnih prostorov in kakšne posledice ima to za identiteto in gradnjo skupnosti te uporabniške skupine. Čeprav so mestni javni prostori namenjeni vsem, nekateri uporabniki ne najdejo svojega mesta v mestu – od mladih do starejših. Ta pojav opažamo tudi na lokacijah, kot so Vale do Anhangabaú v São Paulu v Braziliji, Plaça dels Països Catalans v Barceloni v Španiji in Suvilahti DIY v Helsinkih na Finskem, v primeru uličnih rolkarjev. Ti kraji imajo skupno značilnost: gre za javne prostore, ki jih oblasti zanemarjajo glede vzdrževanja, vendar so zaradi svojih edinstvenih prostorskih lastnosti postali bistveni za prakso rolkanja – stopnice, robovi, manj zasnovani/nezadostno zasnovani in drugi elementi, tudi tisti, ki jih izdelujejo sami. Ti prostori ponujajo možnosti za samoizražanje, za rolkarje pa ti prostori presegajo šport, saj predstavljajo identiteto in občutek skupnosti. Vendar pa so nedavni projekti revitalizacije na teh lokacijah privedli do omejitev ali celo prepovedi rolkarjenja. V nekaterih primerih je revitalizacija ali novogradnja uvedla ograje in pregrade, ki so rolkarjem fizično preprečile uporabo prostorov. Skupno vsem trem lokacijam je odsotnost sodelovanja teh skupin v procesu odločanja. Za raziskovanje te problematike študija uporablja kvalitativno metodo, ki temelji na pregledu literature, s poudarkom na temah revitalizacije, identitete ter mladih in procesa urbanističnega načrtovanja, pa tudi na vlogi rolkarjenja v urbani dinamiki. Poleg tega so analizirane tri študije primerov – Vale do Anhangabaú, Plaça dels Països Catalans in Suvilahti DIY – ocenjevanje njihovega zgodovinskega konteksta na dejavnosti rolkanja, preoblikovanje mest in vpliv omejitev na rolkarje. Ti trije primeri so namenjeni poudarjanju vpliva splošnega trenda zanemarjanja rolkarjev na javnih površinah in razmisleku o možnostih vključevanja te skupine uporabnikov v načrtovanje mest. Ključne besede: proceduralna pravičnost, distribucijska pravičnost, vključujoče urbano načrtovanje, ulično rolkanje, identiteta skupnosti 150 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS THE APPROPRIATION OF PUBLIC SPACE BY SKATEBOARDERS: IDENTITY AND THE IMPACT OF URBAN REVITALIZATION Victoria Furtado de Carvalho University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Email: victoria.furtadodecarvalho@helsinki.fi ABSTRACT This article aims to investigate how the exclusion of skateboarders from urban planning affects the appropriation of public spaces and what implications this has on the identity and community-building of this user group. Although urban public spaces are for all, some users do not find their place in the city – from the young to the elderly. This phenomenon is observed in locations such as Vale do Anhangabaú in São Paulo, Brazil, Plaça dels Països Catalans in Barcelona, Spain, and Suvilahti DIY in Helsinki, Finland, in the case of street skateboarders. These places share a common characteristic: they are public spaces neglected by authorities in terms of maintenance but, due to their unique spatial qualities, have become essential for the practice of skateboarding – stairs, edges, less-designed/under-designed, and other elements, even DIY ones. These spaces offer possibilities for self-expression, and for skateboarders, these spaces go beyond the sport, representing identity and a sense of community. However, recent revitalization projects in these locations have led to restrictions or even the prohibition of skateboarding. In some cases, revitalization or new construction introduced fences and barriers, physically preventing skateboarders from using the spaces. The three locations have in common the absence of participation of these groups in the decision-making process. To explore this issue, the study adopts a qualitative approach based on literature review, focusing on the themes of revitalization, identity, and youth and urban planning process, as well as the role of skateboarding in urban dynamics. Additionally, three case studies are analyzed—Vale do Anhangabaú, Plaça dels Països Catalans, and Suvilahti DIY—assessing their historical context on skateboarding activities, urban transformations, and the impact of restrictions on skateboarders. These three cases serve to highlight the impact of the common trend in neglecting skateboarders of public spaces and reflect on the possibilities for integrating this user group in urban planning -making. Keywords: procedural justice, distributional justice, inclusive urban planning, street skateboarding, community identity 151 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV NOVI BAZAR V TIRANI: OHRANJANJE ZGODOVINSKE IDENTITETE V POSODOBLJENEM PROSTORU Vjola Ilia Univerza v Kampaniji "Luigi Vanvitelli", Oddelek za arhitekturo in industrijsko oblikovanje, Aversa, Italija, e-naslov: vjola.ilia@unicampania.it Fiona Nepravishta Univerza v Kampaniji "Luigi Vanvitelli", Oddelek za arhitekturo in industrijsko oblikovanje, Aversa, Italija, e-naslov: fiona.nepravishta@unicampania.it POVZETEK Ta študija preučuje revitalizacijo Novega bazarja v Tirani, gre za projekt, ki uravnotežuje ohranjanje zgodovinske in kulturne identitete s potrebami hitro razvijajočega se mesta. Novi bazar, zgodovinsko znan kot trgovsko in družabno središče, je doživel korenito preobrazbo in postal uspešen primer urbane prenove, ki združuje tradicionalne elemente s sodobnimi prostori. Metodologija je sestavljena iz preučevanja in vrednotenja politik ohranjanja in urbane prenove, ki se uporabljajo v procesu prenove. To vključuje raziskavo zgodovinskega in kulturnega konteksta, arhitekturnega sloga ter integracijo tradicionalnih elementov, kot sta kamen in značilne oblike, s sodobnimi urbanimi potrebami. Metodologija obsega študijo in oceno politik ohranjanja in urbane prenove, ki so bile uporabljene v procesu revitalizacije Novega bazarja v Tirani. Ta metoda se osredotoča na več ključnih vidikov, vključno z raziskavo zgodovinskega in kulturnega konteksta, arhitekturnega sloga in integracijo tradicionalnih elementov s sodobnim oblikovanjem. Študija preučuje tudi vpliv prenove na okolje ter njene učinke na družbeno in gospodarsko dinamiko območja. Ugotovitve kažejo, da je nova tržnica pritegnila večje naložbe, nova podjetja in zvišala vrednost nepremičnin v okolici. Poleg tega je projekt oživil družbeno življenje mesta in ustvaril živahen javni prostor, kjer se prebivalci in obiskovalci lahko zbirajo, nakupujejo in uživajo v lokalni kulturi. Vendar pa je prenova prinesla tudi izzive, kot so začasne motnje v vsakdanjem življenju ter občutljivo ravnovesje med ohranjanjem kulturne dediščine in izpolnjevanjem potreb urbanega razvoja. Študija v sklepu ponuja priporočila za prihodnje projekte urbane prenove, pri čemer poudarja pomen ohranjanja zgodovinske identitete ob razvoju mestnih središč. Namen te raziskave je prispevati k širši razpravi o vlogi urbane prenove pri ohranjanju identitete kraja in ponuditi novo perspektivo na 152 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS podlagi specifičnega primera Novega bazarja v Tirani. Metodologija zagotavlja celovito razumevanje tako oprijemljivih kot nematerialnih vplivov projekta ter ponuja dragocene vpoglede za oblikovalce politik, urbaniste in arhitekte. Ključne besede: urbana prenova, ohranjanje zgodovinske dediščine, kulturna identiteta, gospodarski razvoj, družbeni vpliv, Tirana 153 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV THE NEW BAZAAR OF TIRANA: PRESERVING HISTORICAL IDENTITY IN A MODERNIZED SPACE Vjola Ilia University of Studies of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Aversa, Italy, e-mail: vjola.ilia@unicampania.it Fiona Nepravishta University of Studies of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Aversa, Italy, e-mail: fiona.nepravishta@unicampania.it ABSTRACT This study examines the revitalisation of the New Bazaar in Tirana, a project that balances the preservation of historical and cultural identity with the needs of a rapidly developing city. Historically known as a commercial and social hub, the New Bazaar has undergone a profound transformation, becoming a successful example of urban renewal that integrates traditional elements with modern spaces. The methodology consists of the study and evaluation of the conservation and urban renewal policies applied in the renovation process. This includes an investigation of the historical and cultural context, the architectural style, and the integration of traditional elements such as stone and characteristic designs with contemporary urban needs. The methodology consists of the study and evaluation of the conservation and urban renewal policies applied in the revitalisation process of the New Bazaar in Tirana. This approach focuses on several key aspects, including an investigation of the historical and cultural context, the architectural style, and the integration of traditional elements with modern design. The study also examines the environmental impact of the renovation, as well as its effects on the social and economic dynamics of the area. The findings reveal that the New Bazaar has attracted increased investment, drawing new businesses and raising property values in the surrounding area. Moreover, the project has revitalised the city's social life, creating a vibrant public space where residents and visitors can gather, shop, and enjoy local culture. However, the renovation has also brought challenges, such as temporary disruptions to daily life and the delicate balance between preserving cultural heritage and meeting urban development needs. In conclusion, the study offers recommendations for future urban renewal projects, emphasising the importance of preserving historical identity while 154 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS developing city centres. This research aims to contribute to the broader discussion on the role of urban renewal in maintaining a place's identity, providing a new perspective based on the specific case of the New Bazaar in Tirana. The methodology ensures a comprehensive understanding of both the tangible and intangible impacts of the project, offering valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and architects. Keywords: urban renewal, historical preservation, cultural identity, economic development, social impact, Tirana 155 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV OBNOVA JAVNEGA PROSTORA NA VAROVANEM OBMOČJU MESTNEGA SREDIŠČA WOOLWICH Fiona Nepravishta Univerza v Kampaniji "Luigi Vanvitelli", Oddelek za arhitekturo in industrijsko oblikovanje, Aversa, Italija, e-naslov: fiona.nepravishta@unicampania.it Vjola Ilia Univerza v Kampaniji "Luigi Vanvitelli", Oddelek za arhitekturo in industrijsko oblikovanje, Aversa, Italija, e-naslov: vjola.ilia@unicampania.it POVZETEK Varovano območje mestnega središča Woolwich, zgodovinsko okrožje v jugovzhodnem Londonu, se spoprijema s kompleksnim izzivom ohranjanja značilnega občutka kraja sredi nenehne urbane obnove. Ta raziskava preučuje metodo prilagodljivega regionalizma kot sredstva za premagovanje napetosti med ohranjanjem dediščine in trajnostnim urbanim razvojem. Koncept občutka kraja je raziskan z vidika, kako je mogoče ohraniti značaj mestne krajine Woolwicha, hkrati pa izpolnjevati sodobne urbane zahteve, kot so trajnostnost, gostota in socialna vključenost. Ta študija poudarja vlogo javnih prostorov pri gojenju občutka pripadnosti in skupnih izkušenj, saj služijo kot okolje za zgodovinsko kontinuiteto, sodelovanje skupnosti in socialno pravičnost. Zlasti zgodovinska tržnica na trgu Beresford in vloga Trga generala Gordona kot prostora za zbiranje državljanov ponazarjata, kako javni prostori delujejo kot prizorišča tako za zgodovinsko spominjanje kot za sodobno državljansko udejstvovanje. Obnova javnega prostora v Woolwichu ponuja priložnost za redefinicijo prostorskih narativov, hkrati pa obravnava izzive, kot sta ohranjanje dediščine in dvoumnost identitete. Z vidika zgodovinskega razvoja in državljanske vključenosti članek predlaga priporočila za trajnostni razvoj, ki se odzivajo na sodobne urbane izzive. Raziskava na koncu trdi, da so dobro zasnovani in aktivno upravljani javni prostori bistveni za krepitev skupnostne identitete, s čimer se zagotavlja, da mestno središče Woolwicha ostane živahno, zgodovinsko utemeljeno in družbeno kohezivno urbano okolje. Ključne besede: urbana regeneracija, javni prostor, trajnostni razvoj 156 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS PUBLIC SPACE REGENERATION IN WOOLWICH TOWN CENTRE CONSERVATION AREA Fiona Nepravishta University of Studies of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Aversa, Italy, e-mail: fiona.nepravishta@unicampania.it Vjola Ilia University of Studies of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Department of Architecture and Industrial Design, Aversa, Italy, e-mail: vjola.ilia@unicampania.it ABSTRACT The Woolwich Town Centre Conservation Area, a historic district in southeast London, faces the complex challenge of maintaining its distinctive sense of place amidst ongoing urban regeneration. This research examines the adaptive regionalism approach as a means to navigate the tension between heritage preservation and sustainable urban development. The concept of sense of place is explored in the context of how Woolwich’s townscape character can be maintained while meeting contemporary urban demands such as sustainability, density, and social inclusivity. This study emphasises the role of public spaces in cultivating a sense of belonging and shared experience, serving as settings for historical continuity, community participation, and social justice. In particular, Beresford Square’s historic marketplace and General Gordon Square’s role as a civic gathering space illustrate how public spaces function as arenas for both historical remembrance and contemporary civic engagement. The regeneration of Woolwich’s public realm offers an opportunity to redefine spatial narratives while addressing challenges such as heritage preservation and identity ambiguity. By examining it through the lens of historical evolution and civic participation, the paper proposes recommendations for sustainable development that respond to contemporary urban challenges. Ultimately, the research argues that well-designed and actively managed public spaces are essential for strengthening collective identity, ensuring that Woolwich Town Centre remains a vibrant, historically grounded, and socially cohesive urban environment. Keywords: urban regeneration, public space, sustainable development 157 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 10: Svetloba in grajeno okolje: oblikovanje identitete kraja Vodja sekcije: izr. prof. dr. Tomaž Novljan, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo Sovodja sekcije: izr. prof. dr. Matej Nikšič, Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije Ta sklop se poglablja v pomembnost vloge svetlobe pri oblikovanju identitete kraja v grajenem okolju. Raziskuje, kako se lahko naravna in umetna svetloba oblikujeta in uporabljata za ustvarjanje vzdušja, vzbujanje čustev ter definiranje arhitekturnih prostorov in vizualnega ugodja na splošno. Sekcija bo preučila kulturne in regionalne razlike v uporabi svetlobe v arhitekturi in urbanističnem oblikovanju. Razprave se bodo osredotočile na to, kako lahko oblikovanje svetlobe prispeva k močnejšemu občutku kraja, izboljša javne prostore ter obeleži lokalne in tradicionalne gradnike prostora. Sklop spodbuja raziskovanje inovativnih strategij oblikovanja svetlobe in razsvetljave, ki so estetsko privlačne in okolju prijazne. Ključne besede: osvetlitev, grajeno okolje, naravna in umetna svetloba, estetika in okoljska odgovornost 158 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 10: Light and Built Environment: Shaping the Identity of Place Track chair: assoc. prof. dr. Tomaž Novljan, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture Track co-chair: assoc. prof. dr. Matej Nikšič, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia This track delves into the powerful role of light in shaping the identity of place within the built environment. It explores how natural and artificial light can be used to create atmosphere, evoke emotions and define architectural spaces. The track will examine the cultural and regional variations in the use of light in architecture and urban design. Discussions will focus on how lighting design can contribute to a stronger sense of place, enhance public spaces and celebrate local traditions. The track encourages exploration of innovative lighting strategies that are both aesthetically pleasing and environmentally responsible. Keywords: lightening, built environment, natural and artificial light, aesthetics and environmentally responsible 159 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV SENCA izr. prof. dr. Tomaž Novljan Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: tomaz.novljan@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Članek predstavlja vpogled v optični pojav sence z drugačne perspektive, kot jo običajno opazujemo. Senco običajno razumemo kot odsotnost svetlobe ali kot posledico postavitve ovire med naravnim ali umetnim virom svetlobe in opazovalcem. Uporabljala se je skozi zgodovino slikarstva, kiparstva in arhitekture, predvsem kot neizogibno dejstvo, ki pomaga zaznati in razumeti prostor, v katerem živimo. Vendar pa senco lahko prepoznamo in moramo prepoznati kot enega ključnih elementov arhitekturne kompozicije, enako pomembnega kot svetloba, barva, oblika in drugi. Z vizualnega vidika so opisani štirje različni vidiki sence. Z najbolj znanega vizualnega vidika, ki določa položaj predmeta v prostoru, članek ponuja vpogled v senco kot orodje za vizualno povezovanje, zaščito, animacijo in vzpostavljanje ozadja znotraj arhitekturne kompozicije. V sklepu je predlagana redefinicija vloge sence. Ključne besede: svetloba, senca, prostor, arhitektura 160 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS SHADOW assoc. prof. dr. Tomaž Novljan University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: tomaz.novljan@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT The paper presents an insight into an optical phenomenon of shadow, from a different perspective than it is usually observed from. Shadow is commonly understood as an absence of light, or as a consequence of putting an obstacle between a natural or artificial light source and an observer. It has been employed throughout the history of painting, sculpture and architecture, mostly as an inevitable fact that helps to perceive and understand the space we inhabit. But shadow can and must be recognised as one of the key elements of architectural composition, equally significant to light, colour, shape, etc. Four different aspects of shadow are described from a visual point of view. From the most well-known visual determining a position of an object in space, the paper offers insight into a shadow as a tool for visual connecting, protecting, animating and establishing a background within architectural composition. A redefinition of the role of shadow is proposed in the conclusion. Keywords: light, shadow, space, architecture 161 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV OBLIKOVANJE ULIČNE RAZSVETLJAVE IN NJEGOV VPLIV NA DNEVNO IZKUŠNJO JAVNIH PROSTOROV V LJUBLJANI izr. prof. dr. Matej Nikšič Urbanistični inštitut Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: matej.niksic@uirs.si Loan Berthelot Sciences Po Rennes, Francija, e-naslov: loanberthelot14@gmail.com POVZETEK Načrtovanje ulične razsvetljave se tradicionalno obravnava skozi prizmo nočne vidljivosti in varnosti. Vendar pa se njen vpliv močno razteza tudi na dnevno izkušnjo javnih prostorov. Ta raziskava preučuje, kako so različne tipologije ulične razsvetljave strateško – ali nedosledno – integrirane v urbano tkivo Ljubljane, da bi oblikovale dnevno identiteto različnih mestnih območij. S preučevanjem integracije svetlobnih elementov z ulično opremo ta študija raziskuje zmogljivost razsvetljave, da deluje kot dnevni oblikovalec prostora. Raziskava z uporabo mešanih metod združuje kvalitativno in kvantitativno zbiranje podatkov. Terenska opazovanja in fotografska dokumentacija ocenjujejo trenutno stanje ulične razsvetljave na izbranih območjih Ljubljane. Intervjuji z načrtovalci občinske razsvetljave in lokalnimi prebivalci ponujajo vpogled v zaznani vpliv oblikovanja ulične razsvetljave na dnevno izkušnjo javnih prostorov. Poleg tega pregled mednarodnih strategij in politik urbanističnega oblikovanja odkriva vrzeli v trenutnem delovanju Ljubljane. Predhodne ugotovitve kažejo, da imajo nekatera značilna območja Ljubljane koristi od kohezivne strategije, ki združuje edinstvene svetlobne elemente, kar povečuje njihovo estetsko privlačnost in dnevno identiteto. Po drugi strani pa številne ceste in stanovanjske ulice nimajo enotne strategije razsvetljave, kar povzroča nedoslednost v zaznani kakovosti javnih prostorov. Odsotnost celovitega načrtovanja ulične razsvetljave na ravni celotnega mesta vodi do zamujenih priložnosti za krepitev identitete posameznih urbanih območij. Ta študija poudarja potrebo po celostni strategiji ulične razsvetljave, ki daje prednost tako nočni funkcionalnosti kot dnevnim estetskim prispevkom, s poudarkom na udobju in izkušnji pešcev. Ugotovitve poudarjajo pomen interdisciplinarnega sodelovanja in vključevanja skupnosti pri razvoju kohezivne strategije razsvetljave, ki avtentično odraža kulturno in prostorsko identiteto Ljubljane. Ključne besede: ulična razsvetljava, grajeno okolje, dnevna izkušnja, estetika, perspektiva pešca 162 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS STREET-LIGHTING DESIGN AND ITS INFLUENCE ON DAYTIME EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC SPACES IN LJUBLJANA assoc. prof. dr. Matej Nikšič Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: matejn@uirs.si Loan Berthelot Sciences Po Rennes, France, e-mail: loanberthelot14@gmail.com ABSTRACT Street lighting design is traditionally viewed through the lens of nighttime visibility and safety. However, its influence extends significantly into the daytime experience of public spaces. This research investigates how diverse streetlight typologies are strategically - or inconsistently -integrated within Ljubljana's urban fabric to shape the daytime identity of distinct city areas. By examining the integration of lighting elements with street furniture, this study explores the potential of lighting to act as a daytime placemaker. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines qualitative and quantitative data collection. Field observations and photographic documentation assess the current state of street lighting across selected areas of Ljubljana. Interviews with municipal lighting planners and residents provide insights into the perceived impact of streetlight design on the daytime experience of public spaces. Additionally a review of international urban design strategies and policies identifies gaps in Ljubljana’s current approach. Preliminary findings reveal that certain distinctive areas of Ljubljana benefit from a cohesive strategy that integrates unique lighting elements, enhancing their aesthetic appeal and daytime identity. On the other hand, numerous roads and residential streets lack a unified lighting strategy, resulting in inconsistencies in the perceived quality of public spaces. The absence of a city-wide, comprehensive approach to street lighting design leads to missed opportunities to strengthen the identity of specific urban areas. This study emphasises the need for a holistic street lighting strategy that prioritises both nighttime functionality and daytime aesthetic contributions, focusing on pedestrian comfort and experience. The findings underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and community engagement in developing a cohesive lighting strategy that authentically reflects Ljubljana's cultural and spatial identity. Keywords: street-lighting, built environment, daytime experience, aesthetics, perspective of pedestrian 163 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV KREATIVNE MOŽNOSTI V TEMI: NEGOVANJE URBANE IDENTITETE SKOZI SVETLOBO Janez Grošelj Luminarium, Inštitut za svetlobno umetnost, Brezovica, Slovenija, e-mail: janez@janezgroselj.com POVZETEK Ko dnevna svetloba bledi, urbani prostori postanejo platna, ki jih strateška osvetlitev preoblikuje, oblikuje nočni duh kraja in neguje izrazito nočno različico lokalne identitete. Ta članek združuje teoretične spoznanja, izkušnje s svetovnih festivalov in pionirski primer Jyväskyläja na Finskem, da bi raziskal, kako močno svetlobna umetnost vpliva na urbano okolje in družbene izkušnje. Osvetlitev oblikuje atmosferske razmere z mešanjem čutnih zaznav, čustvenih odzivov in družbenih interakcij, s čimer krepi čustveno izkušnjo urbanih prostorov. Ta osvetljena vzdušja se aktivno ustvarjajo z interakcijami ljudi z njihovim osvetljenim okoljem, zaradi česar so javni prostori privlačnejši in čustveno odmevni. Ta integrativna perspektiva prikazuje, kako ustvarjalno sodelovanje s temo in osvetlitvijo močno neguje urbano identiteto, spodbuja skupnostne vezi, omogoča daljšo uporabo prostorov po temi, spodbuja dejavnosti na prostem v tipično zaprtih mesecih in pozitivno krepi zimsko razpoloženje, s čimer na novo opredeljuje nočni značaj mest. Ključne besede: osvetlitev, estetika, urbana identiteta, javni prostor 164 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS THE CREATIVE POSSIBILITIES IN DARKNESS: NURTURING URBAN IDENTITY THROUGH LIGHT Janez Grošelj Luminarium, Institute for Light Art , Brezovica, Slovenia, e-mail: janez@janezgroselj.com ABSTRACT As daylight fades, urban spaces become canvases transformed through strategic illumination, reshaping the spirit of place and nurturing a distinct nighttime version of local identity. This article integrates theoretical insights, global festival experiences, and the pioneering example of Jyväskylä, Finland, to explore how light art profoundly impacts urban environments and social experiences. Illumination shapes atmospheric conditions by blending sensory perceptions, emotional responses, and social interactions, enhancing the emotional experience of urban spaces. These illuminated atmospheres are actively created through the interactions of people with their illuminated environments, making public spaces more engaging and emotionally resonant. This integrative perspective demonstrates how creative engagement with darkness and illumination profoundly nurtures urban identity, fosters communal bonds, enables the extended use of spaces after dark, encourages outdoor activities during typically indoor months, and positively boosts winter moods, redefining the nocturnal character of cities. Keywords: Osvetlitev, estetika, urbana identiteta, javni prostor 165 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV SVETLOBNO ONESNAŽENJE V SLOVENIJI mag. Marjeta Zupančič Ministrstvo za okolje, podnebje in energijo Republike Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: marjeta.zupancic@gov.si POVZETEK Osvetlitev javnih prostorov je ključni del nočnega mestnega okolja, saj razširja možnosti uporabe javnega prostora tudi brez dnevne svetlobe. Osvetlitev lahko, če se uporablja pametno, ustvari varne in navdihujoče prostore ali pa povzroči več škode kot koristi vsem živim bitjem, vključno z ljudmi. Izogibati se je treba vsiljivi in nepotrebni razsvetljavi, da se zmanjšajo negativni učinki razsvetljave na biotsko raznovrstnost ter zdravje in varnost ljudi. Svetlobno onesnaženje v Sloveniji je od leta 2007 urejeno z Uredbo o mejnih vrednostih svetlobnega onesnaženja, s čimer je Slovenija prva med državami članicami EU, ki je uvedla nacionalno zakonodajo na tem področju. V preteklih letih se je tehnologija razsvetljave korenito izboljšala, zaradi česar je še veljavna zakonodaja postala zastarela. Ministrstvo za okolje, podnebje in energijo Republike Slovenije je leta 2018 začelo delati na reviziji veljavne uredbe, novi predlog pa je bil javnosti predstavljen v začetku letošnjega leta. Ključne besede: svetlobno onesnaženje, varstvo okolja, osvetlitev 166 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS LIGHTING POLLUTION IN SLOVENIA Marjeta Zupančič, udia, MA Ministry for the environment, climate and energy, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: marjeta.zupancic@gov.si ABSTRACT Lighting of public spaces is a vital part of nocturnal urban ambience, extending the possibility for public space use well beyond daytime. Illumination can create safe and inspiring spaces if used wisely or cause more harm than good to all living creatures, including humans. Obtrusive and unnecessary lighting should be avoided, mitigating the negative effects of lighting on biodiversity and human health and safety. Lighting pollution in Slovenia has been regulated with the Regulation on limit values of lighting pollution since 2007, making Slovenia first of the EU member states to implement national legislation in this field. In past years lighting technology has drastically improved, rendering existing legislation obsolete. Ministry of the environment, climate and energy of Slovenia started working on revision of existing regulation in 2018, new proposal was introduced to the public in the beginning of this year. Keywords: lighting pollution, environment protection, illumination 167 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Sekcija 11: Pripovedi med krajem in prostorom Vodja sekcije: doc. dr. Matevž Juvančič, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo Sovodja sekcije: izr. prof. dr. Polona Filipič Gorenšek, Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo Gibanje ljudi in blaga ustvarja številne stike med uporabniki in grajenim okoljem, kar širi njegov socialni, kulturni in politični pomen. Sekcija bo preučila, kaj zagotavlja celovit in hkrati podroben vpogled v procese, ki omogočajo ustvarjanje narative za interpretacijo in rekonstruiranje prostorskih, socialnih in kulturnih izkušenj ob soočanju z njihovimi na novo vzpostavljenimi identitetami. Razprave se bodo osredotočile na to, kako ljudje skozi svoje osebne in kolektivne pripovedi ustvarjajo svoje večkratne identitete in socialni status. Zanimajo nas raziskave in članki, ki opisujejo premik od krajevno pogojenih in predpisanih identitet k novo pridobljenim identitetam, to so identitete, ki jih vidimo kot dinamičen, hibriden, kompleksen tok gibanj, ki opredeljuje procese med morfologijo in tipologijo, grajenim in praznim, odprtim in zaprtim, krajem in prostorom … Ključne besede: osebna in kolektivna pripoved, identiteta, socialni in kulturni pomen 168 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Track 11: Narratives Between Place and Space Track chair: assist. prof. dr. Matevž Juvančič, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture Track co-chair: assoc. prof. dr. Polona Filipič Gorenšek, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture Movement of people and goods creates numerous encounters between users and the built environment, expanding its social, cultural and political significance. The track will examine what provides a comprehensive and yet detailed insight into processes that enable the creation of narrative to interpret and re-construct the spatial, social and cultural experiences while confronted with their newly established identities. Discussions will focus on how people create, through their personal and collective narratives, their multiple identities and social status. We are interested in research and papers that describe a shift from place-based and prescribed identities to newly acquired identities – the identity seen as a dynamic, hybrid, complex flow of movements defining processes between morphology and typology, built and voids, open and closed, place and space etc. Keywords: personal and collective narratives, identity, social and cultural significance 169 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV PROSTORSKA PREPOZNAVNOST IN IDENTITETA: IZSLEDKI RAZISKAVE O PREPOZNAVNOSTI IN PODOBI SLOVENSKIH KRAJIN doc. dr. Matevž Juvančič Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: matevz.juvancic@fa.uni-lj.si POVZETEK Prispevek preučuje preplet prostorske identitete in dinamičnih procesov, ki vplivajo na njeno prepoznavnost in preobrazbo. Osredotoča se na izbrane izsledke raziskave o prepoznavnosti in podobi krajine ter posameznih elementih, ki k njej prispevajo. Raziskava, izvedena leta 2024 med strokovno javnostjo in splošnim prebivalstvom, pretežno med slovenskimi prebivalci, je spraševala po prostorskih elementih, ki po mnenju vprašanih prispevajo k prostorski identiteti, načinu, kako to dosežejo, razvrščanju v skupine različnih nosilcev identitete ter po razliki med pripovednostjo, prepoznavnostjo in orientacijo v prostoru. Prvi izsledki, predvsem opisno-statistične narave, pokažejo, kaj vprašani prepoznajo kot tipično, katera krajina v Sloveniji ima po njihovem mnenju najbolj značilno podobo, katere krajinske značilnosti so najbolj zapomnljive ter brez katerih si Slovenije ne bi mogli predstavljati. V razpravi razmišljamo, kako osebne in kolektivne pripovedi oblikujejo večplastne identitete prostora, ter odpiramo vprašanja: o stabilnih komponentah prostorske identitete, o imaginarnih vidikih, o dinamičnih, hibridnih in od interakcije med grajenim in odprtim prostorom, o morfologiji in tipologiji ter posameznikovimi izkušnjami v prostoru ter o odvisnih delih, ki oscilirajo med posamezniku lastnimi pripovedmi o krajih in prostorih ter kolektivno prostorsko identiteto. Ključne besede: prostorska identiteta, prepoznavnost krajine, prostorsko zaznavanje, kolektivne in osebne pripovedi, morfologija in tipologija prostora, dinamična identiteta 170 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS SPATIAL RECOGNITION AND IDENTITY: FINDINGS FROM A STUDY ON THE PERCEPTION AND IMAGE OF SLOVENIAN LANDSCAPES assist. prof. dr. Matevž Juvančič University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: matevz.juvancic@fa.uni-lj.si ABSTRACT This paper examines the interplay between spatial identity and the dynamic processes that influence its recognition and transformation. It focuses on selected findings from a study on landscape perception and image, as well as on the individual elements that contribute to it. Conducted in 2024 among both expert and general populations, predominantly Slovenian residents, the study explored which spatial elements are considered key to spatial identity, how they achieve this, how they are categorised, and how narrative, recognition, and orientation in space are distinguished. The initial results, primarily of a descriptive statistical nature, reveal what respondents perceive as typical, which Slovenian region they consider to have the most distinctive and recognisable landscape, which landscape features are the most memorable, and what elements they believe are essential to Slovenia’s identity. At the same time, the discussion raises questions about how personal and collective narratives shape the multilayered identities of space. We reflect on the stable components of spatial identity, its imagined aspects, and the dynamic, hybrid elements that depend on the interaction between built and open spaces, morphology and typology, and individual spatial experiences. These elements oscillate between personal narratives of places and spaces and the collective spatial identity, which is continuously shaped and reshaped over time. Keywords: spatial identity, landscape recognition, spatial perception, collective and personal narratives, morphology and typology of space, dynamic identity 171 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV VLOGA URBANISTIČNEGA OBLIKOVANJA PRI DOSEGANJU BLAGOSTANJA POSAMEZNIKA IN DRUŽBE izr. prof. mag. Polona Filipič Gorenšek Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: polona.filipic@fa.uni-lj.si Manja Kavčič Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: kavcic.manja@gmail.com POVZETEK Grajeno okolje ne nastaja naključno. Vse, kar se gradi in oblikuje naš urbanizirani prostor, je rezultat človeške ustvarjalnosti, razmišljanja in odločitev. Vsak del urbane celote je rezultat zavestnih misli, ki so posledica aktualnih družbenih procesov, gibanj in navad, razvojnih in tehnoloških trendov ter drugih strokovnih in splošnih dejavnikov, ki vplivajo nanje. Manj pogosto pa tisti, ki sprejemajo odločitve o smernicah in razvojnih vizijah urbanega okolja, implicitno ali eksplicitno mislijo, kako grajeno okolje zaznavajo ljudje, kako se v njem počutijo in kako določa njihova življenja. Predpostavka, da urbanistično oblikovanje vpliva na blagostanje posameznika in družbe, postaja v kontekstu vse večje urbane rasti vse pomembnejša. Danes namreč že polovica svetovnega prebivalstva živi v mestih, do leta 2050 pa bo, po pričakovanjih Združenih narodov, ta delež narasel na dve tretjini prebivalstva. Večina teh ljudi bo v času svojega življenja izkusila simptome duševnih težav, eden od štirih pa bo najverjetneje razvil duševno motnjo, ki jo bo mogoče diagnosticirati. Urbano življenje izpostavlja ljudi številnim dejavnikom, ki pomembno vplivajo na njihovo duševno zdravje. Znanstveni izsledki izkazujejo, da kakovostno urejeno urbano okolje pripomore k boljšemu duševnemu zdravju, poveča se subjektivno dobro počutje ter zmanjša tveganje depresije in stresa. Težave z duševnim zdravjem so se bolj izrazito pokazale v postpandemičnem obdobju, ko so se stiske ljudi izrazile na širši državni in svetovni ravni. Duševno blagostanje sestavljajo tri komponente: pozitivno počutje, dobri odnosi z drugimi in sposobnost obvladovanja življenja. Raziskava, ki jo je opravil NIJZ (letnica) in je pokazala alarmantne ugotovitve, se uporabi kot temelj raziskovalnega vprašanja v tem prispevku, tj. o vlogi in blagodejnih vplivih kakovostno oblikovanega urbanega okolja na duševno zdravje ljudi, in sicer z analizo konceptov: inkluzivno, zeleno, modro, senzorično, sosedsko, aktivno in igrivo mesto. Ključne besede: koncepti urbanističnega oblikovanja, kakovostno grajeno okolje, duševno blagostanje 172 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS THE ROLE OF URBAN DESIGN IN ACHIEVING THE WELL- BEING OF INDIVIDUALS AND SOCIETY assoc. prof. mag. Polona Filipič Gorenšek University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: polona.filipic@fa.uni-lj.si Manja Kavčič University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: kavcic.manja@gmail.com ABSTRACT The built environment does not arise by chance. Everything that is built and shapes our urbanised space is the result of human creativity, thinking and decisions. Each part of the urban whole is the result of conscious thoughts, which are the consequence of current social processes, movements and habits, development and technological trends and other professional and general factors that influence them. Less often, however, those who make decisions about the guidelines and development visions of the urban environment implicitly or explicitly think about how people perceive the built environment, how they feel in it and how it determines their lives. The assumption that urban design influences the well-being of individuals and society is becoming increasingly important in the context of increasing urban growth. Today, half of the world's population lives in cities, and by 2050, according to the United Nations, this share will increase to two-thirds of the population. The majority of these people will experience symptoms of mental health problems during their lifetime, and one in four will likely develop a diagnosable mental disorder. Urban life exposes people to numerous factors that significantly affect their mental health. Scientific findings show that a well-designed urban environment contributes to better mental health, increases subjective well-being and reduces the risk of depression and stress. Mental health problems have become more pronounced in the post-pandemic period, when people's distress has been expressed on a wider national and global level. Mental well-being consists of three components: positive well-being, good relationships with others and the ability to cope with life. Research conducted by the National Institute of Public Health (annual report) proved them to be alarming, which serves as the basis for the research question in this paper, on the role and beneficial effects of a quality-designed urban environment on people's mental health, through analyses of the concepts: inclusive, green, blue, sensory, neighbourhood, active and playful city. Keywords: urban design concepts, quality built environment, mental well-being 173 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV DINAMIKA MATERIALNOSTI: TRADICIJA KOT GIBALO ARHITEKTURNE INOVACIJE Lucija Kokol Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: kokol.lucija@gmail.com POVZETEK Prispevek je premislek o možnostih arhitekturne interpretacije tradicije, ki izhaja iz materialnosti, a se ne ustavi pri njej, temveč jo razume kot izhodišče za razmislek o aktualnih načinih oblikovanja prostora. Tradicija v tem kontekstu ni obravnavana kot tog referenčni okvir, temveč kot dejavno polje ustvarjalnih možnosti, ki soustvarjajo kulturno razumevanje prostora, oblikujejo občutljivost za njegove izkustvene in pomenske plasti ter prispevajo k vzpostavljanju raznolike prostorske sisteme. Osrednje vprašanje je, kako lahko materialnost prostorskih elementov, ki nosijo zgodovinsko, lokalno in identitetno vrednost, postane izhodišče za sodobne interpretacije, ne da bi bili ti elementi zgolj pasivni označevalci dediščine, ampak nosilci žive arhitekturne prakse. Materialnost nosi s sabo tudi svojo nematerialnost – plasti pomenov, ki se ne izražajo le skozi fizično strukturo, temveč tudi skozi usmerjanje dejavnosti v prostoru, od zaznavnih in simbolnih dimenzij do družbenih in konceptualnih praks, ki se skozi prostor in čas umeščajo v določene kontekste. Te prostorske entitete delujejo v odnosu do preteklosti z danostjo, ki usmerja prihodnje prostorske ureditve in udejstvovanje, pri čemer sobivajo raznolike prostorske logike, ki sooblikujejo arhitekturni sistem. V ospredju je sistem reinterpretacije tradicije, ki se ne izčrpa v njeni spominski ali predstavitveni vlogi. Materialnost ni razumljena kot statična lastnost objekta, temveč kot sistem pomenov, ki se skozi arhitekturno prakso lahko preobrazi. Prostorski označevalci vzpostavljeni tako skozi svojo pojavnost kot tudi posredno na podlagi specifičnih tehnik, tipologij, strukturnih načel ali družbenih procesov ne delujejo kot fiksni elementi, temveč kot variabilni sistemi. Ključne besede: materialnost, reinterpretacija tradicije, sodobna interpretacija, dediščina, arhitekturni proces 174 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS DYNAMICS OF MATERIALITY: TRADITION AS A DRIVER OF ARCHITECTURAL INNOVATION Lucija Kokol University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: kokol.lucija@gmail.com ABSTRACT The paper is a reflection on the possibilities of architectural interpretation of tradition, which stems from materiality, but does not stop there, and understands it as a starting point for reflection on current approaches to spatial design. Tradition in this context is not considered as a rigid frame of reference, but as an active field of creative potentials that co-create the cultural understanding of space, shape sensitivity to its experiential and semantic layers, and contribute to the establishment of a diverse spatial culture. The central question is how the materiality of spatial elements that carry historical, local and identity value can become a starting point for contemporary interpretations, without being merely passive markers of heritage, but carriers of living architectural practice. Materiality also carries with it its immateriality – layers of meanings that are expressed not only through physical structure, but also through the direction of activities in space, from perceptual and symbolic dimensions to social and conceptual practices that are placed in specific contexts through space and time. These spatial entities operate in relation to the past with the potential to direct future spatial arrangements and engagement, with diverse spatial logics coexisting that co-shape the architectural process. At the forefront is the process of reinterpreting tradition, which is not exhausted in its commemorative or representational role. Materiality is not understood as a static property of an object, but as a system of meanings that can be transformed through architectural practice. Spatial signifiers – established both through their appearance and indirectly through specific techniques, typologies, structural principles or social processes – do not function as fixed elements, but as variable systems. Keywords: materiality, reinterpretation of tradition, contemporary interpretation, heritage, architectural process 175 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV STANOVANJSKA SOSESKA KOT GRADNIK PROSTORSKE IDENTITETE MESTA LJUBLJANA Nina Povše Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: nina.povse@fa.uni-lj.si doc. dr. Matevž Juvančič Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana, Slovenija, e-naslov: matevz.juvancic@fauni-lj.si POVZETEK Prispevek obravnava vpliv gradnje povojnih stanovanjskih sosesk na prostorsko podobo in identiteto mesta Ljubljana. Sprva pojem soseske v urbanistično prenovo povojnih mest vpeljejo angleški urbanisti, sledijo skandinavske dežele, od tam pa se koncept soseske razširi po vsej Evropi in tudi v naš prostor. Generacija mlajših arhitektov, skupaj z Edvardom Ravnikarjem, idejo stanovanjskih sosesk preoblikuje bližje slovenskemu kontekstu in udejanji v našem prostoru. Soseske v slovenski prostor prinesejo novo obliko organizirane stanovanjske gradnje po načelu specifične programske, družbene in prostorske ureditve. Kot zaključene, prostorske in organizirane enote postanejo ključni gradnik mestnega in primestnega urbanega tkiva, s tem pa tudi vnesejo nove elemente in prepoznavnost k prostorski identiteti Ljubljane. Premike in doprinos k prostorski identiteti mest in mestnih predelov v prispevku obravnavamo na dveh ravneh. Najprej kot spremembo identitete mesta skozi fizično pojavnost na podlagi različnih meril, nato pa kot spreminjanje nesnovne prostorske identitete skozi nove paradigme bivanja in sobivanja prebivalstva. Prispevek, s preglednimi kartami razvoja stanovanjskih sosesk v Ljubljani in njihovega umeščanja v prostor, sledi fizično pojavnim značilnostim povojnega razvoja mestne krajine okoli novih sosesk, ki zaradi specifičnega morfološkega modela mesta uravnoteženo prispevajo k identiteti celote in posameznih delov. Spremembe se kažejo prek oblikovanja novih mestnih silhuet, odnosov med podobo mesta in krajine, med starim in novim, med vpeljavo novih tipologij stavb in prostorov, ki spreminjajo identiteto Ljubljane. Temu sledimo skozi slikovne in shematske prikaze. Nesnovne premike mestne identitete iščemo v kolektivni zavesti, sobivanju večjega števila prebivalstva na relativno majhnih območjih, v vzpostavljanju večjih skupnosti 176 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS in novih paradigem sobivanja. Spremljanje nematerialne identitete razberemo iz objav takratnih medijev, pripovedi, fotografskih in filmskih zapisov. Zaključujemo z ugotovitvami, ki kažejo, da povojno obdobje prispeva k preoblikovanju dotedanjih prostorskih identitet mesta Ljubljana s pojavom novih, sprva izrazito kontrastnih fizičnih pojavnosti in nesnovnih družbenih sprememb, ki kasneje postopno tvorijo značilno, lastno in nikoli statično prostorsko identiteto Ljubljane. Ključne besede: prostorska identiteta, identiteta mesta, povojne stanovanjske soseske, Ljubljana 177 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBOURHOOD AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE SPATIAL IDENTITY OF LJUBLJANA Nina Povše University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: nina.povse@fa.uni-lj.si assist. prof. dr. Matevž Juvančič University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture, Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: matevz.juvancic@fauni-lj.si ABSTRACT The paper examines the impact of post-war residential neighbourhoods on the spatial image and identity of the city of Ljubljana. The concept of the neighbourhoods was firstly introduced into post-war urban renewal by British urban planners, followed by Scandinavian countries, from where it spread across Europe and into our region. A younger generation of architects, together with Edvard Ravnikar, reinterpreted the idea of residential neighbourhoods within the Slovenian context and implemented it in our space. Neighbourhoods introduced a new form of organized residential unit in Slovenia, based on a specific programmatic, social, and spatial arrangement. As self-contained spatial and organizational units, they became key part of urban and suburban fabric, thereby also contributing new elements and recognizability to Ljubljana’s spatial identity. The paper observes shifts and contributions to the spatial identity of cities and urban areas on two levels. First, as a transformation of the city's identity through its physical appearance across various scales, and second, as a shift in intangible spatial identity through new paradigms of living and cohabitation. The paper, using detailed maps of the development and spatial integration of residential neighbourhoods in Ljubljana, follows the physical characteristics of post-war urban landscape development around these new neighbourhoods. Due to the city’s specific morphological model, they contribute in a balanced way to both the overall identity of the city and its individual parts. These changes manifest through the shaping of new city silhouettes, the relationships between urban and natural landscapes, the interplay between old and new, and the introduction of new building and 178 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS spatial typologies that redefine Ljubljana’s identity. This is illustrated through visual and schematic representations. The intangible shifts in urban identity are explored through collective consciousness, the habitation of a larger population within relatively small areas, the establishment of larger communities, and new paradigms of cohabitation. The study of immaterial identity is derived from contemporary media, narratives, photographs, and film records of the time. The paper conclude that the post-war period contributed to the transformation of Ljubljana’s previous spatial identities through the emergence of new, initially highly contrasting physical appearances and intangible social changes, which gradually shaped a distinctive spatial identity of Ljubljana, one that is unique, evolving, and never static. Keywords: spatial identity, city identity, post-war residential neighbourhoods, Ljubljana 179 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV Seznam avtorjev / Authors Index Furtado de Carvalho, Victoria .......... 153 A G Aleksić, Julija ...................................... 99 Gantar, Damjana ................................ 63 B Garofolo, Ilaria ................................. 115 Balas Rant, Melita ............................ 131 Gerdin, Tim ......................................... 49 Barakat, Patricia ................................. 47 Gjura Godec, Manca ........................ 117 Beganović, Nina ............................... 141 Goršič, Nina ........................................ 63 Berčič, Tomaž ..................................... 87 Grošelj, Janez ................................... 167 Berthelot, Loan ................................ 165 H Bertolini, Elisa Maria Vittoria ........... 105 Blenkuš, Matej ................................... 51 Hočevar, Primož ................................. 57 Bratuškins, Uģis ................................ 147 I Budja, Blaž ......................................... 67 Bukovica, Erna ................................... 75 Idziak, Ewelina .................................. 133 Ifko, Sonja ........................................... 37 C Ilia, Vjola ................................... 155, 159 Cerkovnik. Meta ................................. 65 J Checcaglini, Leonardo ........................ 47 Chiarelli, Barbara ..................... 105, 115 Juvančič, Matevž ...................... 173, 179 Cifer, Alexander ................................. 51 K Cigale, Dejan ...................................... 91 Cimperman, Katja .............................. 51 Kavčič, Manja ................................... 175 Cirman, Andreja ............................... 131 Kokol, Lucija ..................................... 177 Crnič, Mia ........................................... 71 Koroļova, Alisa .................................. 147 Kosanović, Saja ............................. 39, 99 Č Krajnik, Damir ..................................... 83 Čebulj, Miha ..................................... 103 Kušar, Domen ................................... 137 Čerpes, Ilka ........................................ 71 L Červek, Jernej..................................... 73 Lampič, Barbara ................................. 91 D Lazić, Marko ....................................... 55 Demšar, Jani ..................................... 145 Lovrić, Marina .................................. 145 Deu, Živa ............................................ 29 M Drobne, Samo .................................. 129 Marot, Naja ........................................ 91 E Martinović, Ivan ................................. 39 El Asmar, Jean-Pierre ......................... 47 Maskineh, Charbel ........................... 113 Matevž Juvančič ............................... 181 F Miklavčič, Tomaž .............................. 129 Fikfak, Alenka ............................. 45, 101 Mlinar, Ivan ........................................ 83 Filipič Gorenšek, Polona ................... 175 Mušič, Barbara ................................. 139 Folić, Branislav ................................... 39 Foški, Mojca ....................................... 65 180 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS N S Nepravishta, Fiona ................... 155, 159 Salazar Rivera, Maribel ..................... 107 Nepravishta, Florian ......................... 149 Senčar Mrdaković, Marko ................ 121 Nikšič, Matej .................................... 165 Sezer, Ceren ....................................... 35 Nina Povše ....................................... 181 Simonović, Dijana ............................... 77 Novaković, Nevena ............................ 77 Sitar, Jasna ......................................... 91 Novljan, Tomaž ................................ 163 Starc, Gregor ...................................... 91 Stival, Carlo Antonio ......................... 105 O Š Ostan, Aleksander S. .......................... 31 Švigelj, Aleš......................................... 55 P T Pansinger, Sanela ............................... 87 Peter Grom, Janez ............................. See Treija, Sandra ................................... 147 Petrović Jesenovec, Pina Klara ........... 91 Ü Petrović Krajnik, Lea .......................... 83 Pichler Milanović, Nataša ................ 131 Ülen, Nataša ............................... 95, 109 Pipan, Tomaž...................................... 61 Z Povše, Nina ...................................... 179 Zavodnik Lamovšek, Alma .......... 65, 129 R Zbašnik Senegačnik, Martina ........... 101 Rebernik, Lea ..................................... 91 Zupančič, Marjeta ............................ 169 Rojnik, Igor ......................................... 71 181 ZBORNIK IZVLEČKOV 182