original scientific paper	 UDK595.4(497.12) 
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE HARVESTMEN (OPIUONES) FROM THE SUBMEDITERRANEAN REGION OF SLOVENIA 
Tone NOVAK 
Ph.D., Department of biology, University of Maribor, 62Ü0G Maribor, Koroška 160, SLO 
dr. biol. znan., Oddelek za biologijo, Univerza v Mariboru. 62000 Maribor, Koroška 160, SLO 

Jürgen GRUBER 
Ph.D., Natural History Museum, 1014 Wien, Burgring 7, A 
dr. biol. znan., Naturhisiorisches Museum Wien, 1014 Wien, Burgring 7, A 

Ljuba SLANA 
opiionologist, 62380 Slovenj Gradec, Ozare 31, SLO opilsonotoginja, 62380 Slovenj Gradec, Ozare 31, SLO 
ABSTRACT 
A faunistic review of the harvestmen (Opiliones) of the Submediterranean region of Slovenia is represented and the current taxonomlcal and zoogeographical problems of some species are discussed. 
Key words: faunistic review, Opiliones, Slovenia, Submediterranean 
K(juLne besede: favnistitni pregled, suhe juZine, Slovenija, submediteran 

INTRODUCTIO N 	(Mrsic, persona! comm.). The provisional Submediter­ranean region of Slovenia measures about 1,900 sq. km, 
Geographically, Slovenia shares the Alpine, Central comprising about 9% of the territory of Slovenia. European, Mediterranean, Dinaric and Pannonic re­gions, the specific climates included. First zoogeo­graphical comments and the map (Hadzi, 1931) of the Taxonomic review old Yugoslav monarchy, Slovenia included, were made by HadZi (1930). At a later stage, Carneiutti (1981, For this review all known collections of Opiiiones 1992) and MrsiC (in prep.) tried to determine the deposited in Slovenia were considered and other rele­
boundaries between the zoogeographical regions more vant data were taken into account. The Universal accurately. In determining the borders and the hierarchy Transfer Mercator (UTM) projection is used to present of the regions, MrSic (ibid.) took into account certain the locations of the finding places. geographical, meteorological as well as paleogeog­raphical circumstances. CYPHOPHTHALM I 
The Mediterranean part of Slovenia, popularly SiRONIDAL named Primorska or Slovensko primorje, is technically Siro duricorius (JOSEPH, 1868), Fig. 2 recognized as Submediterranean (Fig. 1) because of its moderate Mediterranean characteristics, it should have Vremscica, VL 26, EP leg., 17.5.1959, IZRK 10965: 1 been considered as a subregion of the Dinaric region f., 1 ? (damaged) - T N det. 1981; Nanos, VL 27, G leg. 
T, NOVAK , I. GRUßER, L. SLANA: A CONTRIBUTION TO TI iS KNOWLEDG E O F TH E HARVESTMEN..., 181-192 
F/g. Z; Provisional zoogeographic regionalisation of Slovenia (according to N. Mršič) on the UTM map. Slika 1: Provizorična zoogeografska reorganizacija Slovenije (po N. Mršicu) na UTM karti. 
Régions 
I. Alpine, a: Julian Alps, h: Karavanke and Kamnik • Savinja Alps 
II. Dinaric, a: Alpine - Dinaric, b: Eudinaric 
III. Submediterranean 
IV. 
Central European (Pohorje) 

V. 
Préalpin 


VI. Prepannonic 
VII. Subpannonic 
25.6.- 4.7.1894, NHMW 2984:75 mm., 19 ff. - }C det; Vodni dol, Postojna, VI. 37, EP leg., 4.1968: 13 mm., 12 ff. - TN det. 
LAN1ATORE S TRAVUNIIDAE Peltonychia postumicola (ROEWER, 1935) 
ROEVVER (1935) described the species from Postojn­ska jama, Postojna, VL36. Typus Co!!. ROEWER Nr. 5018/3: 2 mm., 3 ff., 1 puiius - FR det. 
Peltonychia tenuis ROEWER, 1935 
The hoiotypus is a young animal (Martens 1978), alt-
Regije 
I. alpska, a; Julijske Alpe, b: Karavanke m Kamniško Savinjske Alpe 
II. dinarska, a: alpsko-dinarska, b: evdinarska tli. submediteranska 
IV.
 centralnoevropska (Pohorje) 

V. 
predalpska 


VI. predpanonska 
VII. subpanonska 
hough determined as a male in Roewer's (1935) descrip­tion. Locus typicus is the cave Martinova jama at Mate-ria, VL 24. Typus Coll. ROEWER No. 1516/1. in spring, summer and autumn 1995 we systematically searched in vain for further specimens in the cave, 3 to 4 hours per visit. Among trogiomorphic taxa Stalita, Neobisium, Onychiurus, Pseudosinelia, Plusiocampa, Bathysciotes and Leptodirus specimens were found in the inner parts, as well as aduits and puili of Trogiohyphantes, Bathysciotes, Bracbydesmus and about two dozens of non-troglomorphic taxa in the entrance part of the cave. Thus it seems unlikely that the Peltonychia were missed if they regularly inhabited the cave. We believe the species lives in the karst fissure systems or/and in deep soil strata and occurs in caves only occasionaly. 

T. NOVAK ). GRUBER, L. SLANA: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDG E O F THE HARVLSTMLN... , TSI-I9 2 
Fig./Slika 2: Siro duricorius. 
Roewer (1935) described P. gabria from the cave "Gabria jama bei Triest" in Italy. Typus Coll. ROEWER 5022/7. This cave could be the cave Grotta presso ESasovizza (= Grotta dei colombi; No 32VG) at Baso­vtzza - Bazovica, VL15, named Gabrič by the indige­nous Slovene inhabitants (plan and description: Duemilla grotte, p. 281). Stoch and Dolce (1984) do not refer to the species for the karst of Trieste, perhaps for the reason that there are two villages named Gabria -Gabrije, UL88, near Gorizia - Gorica. It seems justifiable to consider the underground habitats in the neighbour­hood of the villages Gabria Inferiore and G. Superiore as the actual finding places. The concrete locus typicus remains thus unknown. 
The present taxonomical knowledge of the nominal species P. postumicola, P. gabria and P. tenuis is very scarce and the validity of the taxonomic characteristics and their actual variability are practically unknown (Marcellino, 1982). Besides the fact that the European Laniatores are morphologically instable, the strange zoogeographical distribution of the three Peltonycbia species leads to doubts regarding the criteria for their description. The specimens from 100 km distant Postoj­na, VL36, and Prato in Venezia Giulia, UM63, belong both to P. postumicola, while those from 20 km distant Postojna and Markovšdna (P. tenuis) as well as (?) Basovizza, VL15 (P. gabria) or 35 km distant (?) Gabria 
(P. gabria), intermediate to Postojna and Prato, belong to different species. In the future, a synonymy for the two or all three species is to be expected. 
EREBOMASTRIDAE Holoscotolemon unicoior ROEWER, 1915, fig, 3 

The species is expected at the NE border of the Sub­mediterranean region. The nearest known finding-places: Rakov Škocjan (VL47) and Lo2 (VL56). 
PHALANGODIDAE 
Scotolemon doriae PAVESI, 1878 

The species occurs sporadically in central middle and western Mediterranean. The nearest finding-places: are Rovinj and Riva at Lago di Garda (Martens, 1978). The species can be expected in Slovensko primorje as well, 

PALPATORE S 
NEMASTOMATSDAE Nemastoma bidentatum bidentatum ROEWER, 1914, Fig. 4 

Nanos, VL 27, G leg. 25.6. - 4.7.1894, NHMW 4510: 2 mm. - j G det.; cave |ama Sv. Janeza, Prestranek, VL 36, 11.8.1957: 1 m. - 221/1984 TN det.; Postojna, VL36, KWV leg.: 1 m. - 3107 FR det. 1917, in 2MB (Roewer, 1919; Gruber & Martens, 1968). 
Nemastoma bidentatum sparsum GRUBER & 
MARTENS, 1968 

Motel Rižana, VL 04, sieve, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 2 mm., 1 f. - 33/1990 TN det.; Mlini, VL 13, under stones, around trees, sieve, LS, TN leg., 30.9.1990: 1 f. ­32/1990 TN det.; Sočerga, VL 13, sieve, LS, TN leg., 28,9.1990: 1 m., 1 f. - 31/1990 TN det; Bezovica, VL 14, gittya, sieve, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 4 mm., 4 ff. ­1/1990 LS det.; Črni kal - Praproče, VL 14, 50 m from the road-crossing, under stones, sieve, LS, TN, 29.9.1990: 3 mm., 2 ff. - 29/1990 TN det.; Kastelec, VL 14, LS, TN leg., 30.9.1990: 1 f. - 30/1990 TN det.; Predloka, VL 14, sieve, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 2 mm. ­35/1990 TN det.; Matavun, doline at Škocjanske jame cave, VL25, JM leg., 12.7.1974, )M 1280: 18 ad. - jM det.; Zavrhek, VL25, 400 m alt., jM leg., 12.7.1974, JM 1318: 27 ad., 1 iuv.-JMdet. 
Nemastoma bidentatum ssp. 

Cave jama Sv. Janeza, Prestranek, VL 36, leg. EP, 29.8,1954: 1 f. - 173/1984 T N det.; cave Osojca, Posto 
Fig./Slika 3: Holoscotolemon unicoior. 
T, NOVAK,) . GRUBER, L. SLANA: A CONTRIBUTIO N T O THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE HARVESTMEN..., 161-192 
TN det.; Predloka, VL 14, sieve, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 
Fig./Slika 4: Nemastoma bidentatum bidentatum. 
jna, VL 36, EC, RE leg., 20.4.1976, NHMW 6065: 1 f. ­j G det. 
Nemastoma dentigerum CANESTRINi, 1893 

Strunjan, UL94, beach east of Piran, WH leg., 18,­25.6.1972, JM 1616: 1 f. - JM det.; Lit.: Divača, VL 16 (Martens, 1978). 
Paranemastoma quadripunctatum (PERTY, 1833) 

Cave Dimnice, Markovščina, VL 24, VS leg., 19.4.1968, JM 939: 1 m , 1 f. - JM det.; ibid., jC , MES leg., 12.6.1968, NHMW 5538: 3 mm., 2 ff., 6 iuv. - JG det.; ibid., VS leg., 22.10.1968, JM 1171: 1 f. - JM det.; Nanos, VL 27, C (eg. 25.6. - 4.7.1894, NHMW 5535: 1 
f. - JG det.; cave Jama Sv. Janeza, Prestranek, VL 36, EP leg., 23.8.1945:1 m. - 220/1984 TN det.; cave Županov spodmol, Sajovče, VL 36, EP leg., 2.11.1963, IZRK 10963: 1 iuv. - T N det. 1981. 
Histricostoma dentipalpe (AUSSERER, 1867), 
rig . 5 

Nanos, VL 27, G leg., 25.6. - 4.7.1894, NHMW 3330: 1 m., 1 f. - JG det. 
Carinostoma carinatum (ROEWER, 1914), Fig. 6 

Markovščina, VL 24, doline at Dimnice, ca. 570 m alt., sieve, JG leg., 12.6.1968, NHMW 3358: 1 f. - JG det.; Postojna, VL37 (Martens, 1978). 
Mitostoma chrysomelas (HERMANN, 1804) 

Osp, VL04, D D leg., 18.9.1995: 1 m. - 51/1995 TN det.; Mlini, VL 13, under stones, around trees, sieve, LS, TN leg., 30.9.1990: 1 m. - 10/1990 TN det; Bezovica, VL 14, gittya, sieve, LS, TN leg., 29.9.1990: 1 iuv. ­12/1990 TN det.; Črni kal - Praproče, VL 14, under stones, sieve, LS, TN, 29.9.1990: 1 m., 1 f. - 8/1990 T N det.; ibid., forest, sieve, LS, TN, 29.9.1990: 1 f. - 9/1990 1 m. - 11/1990 T N det. 
Mitostoma aipinum (HADŽt, 1931) 

The species can be expected in the mountainous northern part of the territory. The nearest finding-place: Krn (UM92). 
It is possible that an eyeless Mitostoma species oc­curs in the hypogean habitats of the region, too. The nearest finding-places; Cerovac: M. karamani (Hadži, 1940) (own data) and Bergamo's Alps: M. anopbthal­mum FACE, 1 946 (Martens, 1 978). 
DICRANOLASMATIDAE Dicranolasma scabrum (HERBST, 1799), Fig. 7 

Veliki Badinj pri Sočergi, VL 13, by the road, sieve, LS, TN leg., 28.9.1990: 1 m., 1 iuv. - 28/1990 TN det.; Kaste lee, VL 14, pit-fall trap, forest, leg. FP, 11.4.1990:1 
f. - 24/1990 TN det.; Divača, VL 16, leg?, date?, Coll. ROEWER R N/216: 2 mm., 2 iuv. - JG rev.; cave Dim-nice, VL 24, MarkovSčina, on a speieotheme under the entrance pothole, JG leg., 12.6.1968, NHMW 1680: 1 f. 
- JC det.; Markovščina, VL 24, doline at Dimnice, ca. 500 m alt., JG leg., 12.6.1968, NHMW 1 681: 2 mm., 2 ff., 1 iuv. - JG det 
TROCULIDA E 
Trogu/us tricarinatus (LINNAEUS, i 767} 


Milski bori, Črnotiče, VL 14, at the road, sieve, under stones, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 1 m. - 27/1990 TN det; Podpeč, VL 14, way to the tower, LS, TN leg., 29.9.1990: 1 m. - 17/1990 T N det.; Podpeč - Črni kal, VL 14, pit-fall trap, FP, 12.4.1990: 1 f. - 22/1990 TN det.; Matavun, doline at Škocjanske jame cave, VL25, JM leg., 12.7.1974, |M 1278: 1 m. - jMdet. 
Troguius nepaeformis (SCOPOLI, 1773) group, 
Fig. 8 

Piran - Portorož, UL 84, under a tin plate, HN leg., 12.4.1974, NHMW 5854: 1 m., 1 f. - JG det.; Sečovlje, UL 93, 9.1971: 1 m. - 542/1981 T N det; Strunjan, UL 94, JH leg., 9.1965: 1 m. - 587/1983 T N det., ibid., 8. 1972: 1 f. - 575/1981 TN det; Bilje, UL 98, 3.8.1973: 1 
m. -543/1981 T N det; Bilje - Miren, UL 98, 12.7.1973: 1 m. - 544/1981 TN det.; ibid., 23.7.1973: 1 m. ­538/1981 T N det; Miren, UL 98, 6.8.1973: 2 mm., 1 f. ­537/1981 TN det.; Šempeter pri Novi Gorici, UL 98, 3. 8.1973: 1 m. - 562/1981 T N det.; ibid., 31.8.1973: 2 ff. ­551/1981 TN det; ibid., 31.8.1973: cf. 1 iuv. - 560/ 1981 T N det.; Motel Rižana, VL 04, sieve, LS, TN leg., 29.9.1990: 1 f. - 26/1990 T N det.; Tinjan, VL 04, highland, pit-fall trap 15, FP leg., 11.4.1990: 1 m. - 23/ 
T. NOVAK , J. GRUBER, L. SLANA: A CONTRIBUTIO N T O TH E KNOWLEDGE O F THE HARVESTMEN..., 181-192 
1990 TN det.; Dol, VL 13, sieve, LS, T N leg., 30.9.1990: 1 m., 4 iuv. - 14/1990 TN det; Mlini, VL 13, under stones, around trees, sieve, LS, TN leg., 30.9.1990: 2 mm., 2 ff. - 13/1990 T N det.; Zazid, VL 13, pit-fall trap, FP leg., 12.4.1990: 1 f. - 18/1990 T N det; Črni kal, VL 14, pit-fall trap, FP, 12.4.1990: 3 mm., 1 f , 1 iuv.; Črni kal - Praproče, VL 14, 300 m from the road-crossing, under stones, sieve, LS, TN, 29.9.1990: 1 f. - 16/1990 T N det.; cave Osapska (Grajska) jama, Osp, VL 14, sieve, in grass, LS, TN, 30.9.1990: 1 iuv. - 19/1990 TN det.; Osp, VL 14, dancing-place, pit-fall trap 20, FP leg., 
11.4. 1990: 1 f. - 15/1990 TN det.; Osp, VL 14, pit-fall trap 13, FP leg., 11.4.1990; 1 f. - 25/1990 TN det; Podpeč - Črni kal, VL14, FP leg., pit-fail trap 18, 12.4.1990: 3 mm., 1 f., 1 iuv. - 21/1990 T N det; Podpeč - Osp, VL 14, pit-fail trap, FP leg., 11.4.1990: 1 f.; Pred loka, VL 14, sieve, LS, TN leg., 29.9.1990: 1 m., 
2 iuv. - 20/1990 T N det.; Slavnik, VL 14, ca. 980 m alt, NE from Podgorje, MES leg., 24.5.1975, NHMW 5853: 2 mm., 1 f. - }G det.; Socerb, VL 14, pit-fall trap 1, FP leg., 10.4.1990: 1 iuv. 74/1990 T N det; cave Dimnice, VL 24, Markovščina, EP leg., 11.6.1960: cf. 1 m. - 295/ 1983 TN det; Predmeja, VL18, 9.-10.1964: 1 m., 2 ff., 1 iuv. - TN det; Markovščina, VL 24, doline at Dimnice, ca. 570 m alt., jG leg., 12.6.1968, NHMW 5855: 1 m. ­JC det.; Matavun, doline at Škocjanske jame cave, VL25, ]M leg., 12.7.1974, JM 1279: 3 iuv. - jM det.; cave Županov spodmol, Sajevče, VL 36, 1969: cf. 1 iuv. 
- 572/1981 TN, JG det.; Sovič, Postojna, VL37, SP leg., NMPO-007, 1.-5.7.1994: 3 mm., 17 ff., 1 iuv. - 5/1995 TN det. 
The taxonomy of the T. nepaeformis group has not been satisfactorily cleared and there is no agreement about the actual species number. Trogulus is the most difficult genus of the European opi lion ids to deal with taxonomically (Martens, 1988). In spite of some mor­phological differences of penes (cf. Neuffer, 1980), no specimen could be recognized as T. closanicus AVRAM, 1971, cited for Slovenia by Chemini (1984), the nearest finding place being Godovič, VL 29. A specialized revi­sion is needed. 
T rogu!us tingiformis C.L. KOCH, 1848 

Predmeja, VL18, 9.-10.1964: 1 f. - TN det.; Sovič, Postojna, VL37, SP leg., NMP 0-007, 1.-5.7.1994: 1 m. 
- 6/1995 TN det. 
Trogulus coriziformis C.L. KOCH, 1839 

Strunjan, UL 94, beach east of Piran, W H leg., 18.­25.6.1972, JM 1617: 1 iuv. - JM det. 
Troguius spp. 
Nanos, VL 27, G leg. 25.6. - 4.7.1894, NHMW: 1 m. 
iilë ® 
Çvjf ' ! 
EmfaK^ftiSi? 

Fig./SHka 5: Histricostoma dentipalpe. 
(externally similar to T. tricarinatus); 3 iuv. (belonging to two different species!) - JG " 
Anelasmocephalus hadzii MARTENS, 1978 

The species is expected to be found at the NE border of the region. The nearest finding place is Snežnik (VL54). 
ISCHYROPS AUDI DAE Ischyropsalis heilwigi hellwigi (PANZER, 1794) 

The species is expected to be found at the NE border of the region. The nearest finding place: Grmada (VM51). 
Ischyropsalis muellneri HAMANN, 1898 

The species is an endemic to the Julian Alps and Venezia Giulia and can occur in caves at the very northern part of the region. The nearest finding place: caves in the neighbourhood of Kobarid (UM82). 
Martens (1978) presumed that /. muellneri inhabited the Dinaric karst, but this is not so. His provisional map has been accepted by Marcellino (1982) and, after our critical remarks (Novak ef at., 1984), by Rambla and juberfhie (1994). To avoid further mistakes we repeatedly comment on the problem and add the distri­butional map of L muellneri and I. hadzii (Fig. 9). 
Many specimens have been erroneously determined as /. muellneri and some localities were erroneously re­ferred to as the finding places for the species (Martens, 1969; 1978). Besides, much confusion has arisen from misinterpretations of the native names of the localities by foreign investigators (Hadži, 1954). It should be pointed out that many collectors of the Balkans' hypo­gean fauna used fictitious names of localities to prevent other collectors to find these places for commercial rea­sons (Pretner, 1974; 1976). Hadži (1942) described a 
T. NOVAK, j. GRUBER, L. SLANA: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDG E O f THE HARVESTMEN..., !8!-l9 2 
male (figure for a female -!?) which Kratochvii had al­legedly picked up in a cave at Bjelašnica mountain (Herzegovina), but Krafochvi! (1946) explicitely noticed that no Ischyropsalis had been found in 120 explored caves of Bosnia, Hercegovina, Dalmatia and Montene­gro, in the revised collections of the Balkans we have not found that particular one nor any other Ischyropsalis specimen from any of more than 100 caves south of Slovenia. 
Ischyropsalis koilari C.L. KOCH , 1839, Fig. 10 
The species is expected to be found at the NE border of the region. The nearest finding place: Kredarica (VM13). 
PHALANGHDAE 
Phalangium opilio LINNAEUS, 1761 

Srda, UL 89, ground, 13.8.1973: 1 f. - 479/1981 T N det.; Sečovlje, UL 93, 8.1970: 3 iuv. - 41/1982 TN det.; ibid., 9.1971: 2 ff, - 82/1982 TN det.; Markovec, Koper, VL 04, 223 m alt., A Ž leg., 7.I993: 1 m. - 73/1995 TN det.; Strunjan, UL 94, JH leg., 9.1973: 1 m., 1 f. ­88/1982 TN det.; ibid., JH leg., 9.1965: 2 iuv. ­586/1983 TN det.; Bilje - Miren, UL 98, NS leg., 19.9,1973: 1 iuv. - 389/1982 TN det.; Nova Gorica, UL 98, grape-trellis, NS leg., 14.8.1973: 1 m. subad., 1 f. subad. - 198/1981 T N det.; Rožna dolina pri Novi Gorici, UL. 98, NS leg., 13.7.1973: 1 m. - 113/1982 TN det.; ibid., NS leg., 28.8.1973: 2 ff., 2 iuv. - 84/1982 T N det; ibid., NS leg., ground, location 4, 8.9.1973: 1 f. ­129/1982 TN det.; ibid., NS leg., 20.9.1973: 1 m. ­201/1981 T N det.; Šempeter pri Novi Gorici, Lada, UL 98, field ground, NS leg., 3.8.1973: 2 mm., 1 f., cf. 1 iuv. - 102/1982 T N det.; ibid., field ground, NS leg., 10.8.1973: 1 f. - 415/1981 TN det.; ibid., field ground, NS leg., 24.8.1973: 3 iuv. - 391/1982 TN det.; ibid., field ground, NS leg., 14.9.1973: 4 iuv. - 177/1982 TN det.; ibid., field ground, NS leg., 21.9.1973: 1 iuv. ­179/1982 TN det.; ibid., field ground, NS leg, 28.9.1973:1 f. - 477/1981 TN det.; ibid., field ground, 
Fig./Slika 6: Carinostoma carinatum. 
NS leg., 28.9.1975: 1 iuv. - 170/1982 TN det; Šempeter pri Novi Gorici, Lutman, UL 98, ground, NS leg., 28.9.1973: 1 f. - 414/1981 T N det; Šempeter pri Novi Gorici, UL 98, ground, NS leg., 28.9.1975: 5 iuv. ­196/1981 T N det.; Nova Gorica, UL 99, pit-fall trap 2, NS leg., 7.10.1973: 1 iuv. - 139/1982 T N det.; Bertoki, VL04, AŠ leg., 10.7.1993: 1 f. - 72/1995 T N det.; Čežarji, Bertoki, VL04, KP leg., 9.7.1993: 1 f. - 69/1995 T N det.; Koper, VL 04, 9.1973: 1 m., 1 f. - 88/1982 T N det.; Motel Rižana, VL 04, on a tree, LS, TN leg., 30.9.1990: 1 m. - 38/1990 T N det.; Škocjan pri Kopru, VI.04, ground, NS leg., 3.7.1973: 1 iuv. - 159/1981 T N det.; Mlini, VL 13, at trees, under a bridge, LS, TN leg., 30.9.1990: 1 m., 1 f. - 53/1990 T N det.; Socerb - Ko­zina, VL 14, under stones, in bushes, LS, T N leg., 30.9.1990: 1 f. - 42/1990 T N det.; Kubed, VL14, D D leg., 18.9.1995: 1 m. subad. - 53/1995 T N det, Vala, Zelenica, Loka - Črni kal, VL 14, CK leg., 17.10.1990: 1 
f. - 72/1990 T N det.; Socerb, VL14, N D leg., 8.1995: 1 f., 3 iuv. - 68/1995 T N det; Vipava, VL17, K leg., NMW 3792:1 m., 1 f. - FR det; Ajdovščina, VL 18, 10.8.1973: 1 m. - 478/1981 T N det.; Škocjanske jame, Divača, VL 25, 25.5,1964: 1 f. - 223/1983 T N det. 
Metaphalangium cirtanum (C. L. KOCH , 1839) 
The name M. propinquum (LUCAS, 1846) has only recently been established (Starega, 1984) as a synonym of M. cirtanum (C.L. KOCH , 1839), therefore we accept this synonymy. 
Rožna dolina pri Novi Gorici, UL 98, NS leg., 13.7.1973: 2 mm., 3 ff. - 114/1982 T N det; ibid., NS leg., 28.8.1973: 1 f. - 85/1982 T N det; ibid., NS leg., 28.8.1973: 2 iuv. - 157a/1982 TN, JG det; ibid., NS leg., ground, location 4, 8.9.1973: cf. 12 iuv, ­130/1982 T N det; ibid., NS leg., 5.10.1973: 1 iuv. ­131/1982 TN det; Šempeter pri Novi Gorici, Lutman, UL 98, tla, NS leg., 21.9.1973: 1 iuv., - 140/1982 T N det; ibid., tla, NS leg., 21.9.1973: cf. 1 iuv., - 141/1982 T N det; ibid., park ground, NS leg., 21.9.1973:1 iuv., ­260/1982 T N det.; Nova Gorica, UL 99, pit-fall trap 2, NS leg., 12.7.1973: 1 m., 1 f. - 331/1982 TN det; ibid., pit-fall trap 2, NS leg., 10.9.1973: 2 iuv. - 193/1982 TN, IG det. 
Opilio parietinus (DE GEER, 1778) 
The species can be expected in the region. 
Opilio saxatilis C.L. KOCH , 1839 
Brda, UL 89, ground, NS leg., 19.9.1973: 1 iuv. ­225/1982 T N det, rev. 1995; ibid., NS leg., 5.10.1973: 1 iuv. - 392/1982 T N det.; Rožna dolina pri Novi Gorici, UL 98, NS leg., 28.8.1973: 1 iuv. - 157/1982 TN, JG det; Nova Gorica, UL 99, pit-fall trap 2, NS leg., 12.7. 

T. NOVAK , I. GRUBER, L, SLANA: A CONTRIBUTIO N T O TH E KNOWLEDGE O f THE HARVESTMEN..., 181-192 
1973: 1 f. - 352/1982 TN, j G det; Luka Koper, VL 04, NS leg., 24.7.1973: 2 mm., 5 ff. - 38/1982 TN det.; ibid., NS leg., 2.8.1973: 1 f. - 365/1982 T N det.; Osp, Mlinarji, VL 04, pit-fall trap 14, FP leg., 11.4.1990: 1 iuv. - 36/1990 T N det.; Škocjan pri Kopru, VL04, ground, NS leg., 3.7.1973: 3 mm. - 197/1981 TN det.; Mlini, VL 13, around trees, under a bridge, LS, TN leg., 30.9.1990: 1 m„ 2 iuv, - 55/1990 TN det.; Črni kal, VL 14, 17.10.1984: 1 m. - 79/1985 TN det; 1 km northern from Hrastovtje, VL 14, under an oak, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990:1 m., 1 f., 2 iuv. - 49/1990 TN det.; Hrastov­ije, VL 14, under stones, around trees, sieve, LS, TN, 29.9.1990: cf. 1 iuv. - 40/1990 TN det, rev. 1995; at the road-crossing Kozina - Koper - Socerb, VL 14, under stones, sieve, LS, T N leg., 30.9.1990: 2 mm., 1 f. ­73/1990 T N det.; VL 14, way to the tower, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 1 m„ 1 f. - 55/1990 T N det.; Socerb, VL 14, pit-fail trap 1, FP, 10.4.1990: 2 iuv. - 69/1990 TN det.; Socerb - Kozina, VL 14, under stones, in bushes, LS, T N leg., 30.9.1990:1 f., 1 iuv. - 41/1990 TN det. 
Opilio dinaricus SlLHAVY, 1958 
Nova Gorica, UL 99, pit-fall trap 2, ground, NS leg., 10.9.1973: 2 ff. - 194/1982 T N det.; Motel Rižana, VL 04, on a tree, LS, TN leg., 30.9.1990: 1 m. - 39/1990 TN det.; Črni kal, VL 14, 17.10.1964: 3 mm., 6 ff., 1 iuv. ­14/1984 TN det.; Črni kal - Praproče, VL 14, 300 m from the road-crossing, under stones, sieve, LS, TN, 29.9,1990: 1 m. - 45/1990 T N det.; Praproče, VL 14, at trees, LS, TN, 29.9.1990: 2 mm. - 70/1990 TN det.; Socerb, VL 14, at trees, sieve, LS, TN, 29.9.1990: 1 m. ­63/1990; Nanos, VL 27, 8.8.1964: 1 m. - 206/1983 TN det.; Postojna, VL37 (Martens, 1978). 
Fig./$iika 8: Troguius nepaeformis. 
Opilio canestrinHTHORf.il, 1876 
The nearest finding place is Villach in Carinthia (Komposch, 1993), where the species occurs secondar­ily, synanthropicaliy. Bezzecca at Lago di Garda lies probably within the primary, autochthonous range of the species (Gruber, 1984). The species can be perhaps ex­pected in the region through secondary occurrence. 
Opilio ruzickai SILHAVY, 1958 
The species can be possibly expected in the consi­dered region. The nearest finding place: Gruska (WM40). O. ruzickai and O-canestrinii are dichopatric species (Gruber, 1988), and if one occurs in the region the other one is probably missing there. 
Opilio transversalis ROEWER, 1956 
Brda, UL 89, tla, NS leg., 30.8.1973: 1 f. - 153/1982 TN, JG det.; Bilje - Miren, UL 98, NS leg., 23.7.1973: 1 iuv. - 417/1981 TN, jG det.; Nova Gorica, UL 99, tla, NS leg., 21.9.1973: 1 m. - 132/1982 TN, j G det. 
Opilio sp. 
Koper, VL 04, 9.1973: 2 iuv. - 91/1982 TN det 
Platybunus bucephalus(C.L. KOCH, 1835) 
Predmeja, VL18, 7.-8.1962: 1 m. - TN det. 
Metaplatybunus carneiuttii HAD2l, 1973 
The species is expected to be found at the NE border of the region. The nearest finding place: Sneznik (VL54). 

T. NOVAK , j. GRUBER, L. SLANA: A CONTRIBUTIO N T O THE KNOWLEDGE O F THE HARVESTMEN..., 181-192 
Rilaena triangularis (HERBST, 1799} 
Cave Škocjanske jame, VL25, 25.5.1964: 1 f. - TN det.; Zavrhek, VL25, 400 m alt., jM leg., 12.7.1974, JM 1320: 1 m., 1 f.-jMdet . 
Eudasylobus nicaeensis (THORELL, 1876) 
Nova Gorica, UL 99, ground, NS leg., 10.9.1973: 1 iuv. - 137/1982 TN det; Socerb, VL 14, FP leg., 10.4.1990: 1 iuv. - 37/1990 TN det; ibid., pit-fail trap, FP leg., 10.4.1990: 1 m., 1 f. (inad.) - 68/1990 TN det.; Sovič, Postojna, VL37, SP leg., NMP 0-009, 1.­5.7.1994: 1 m., 3 ff. - 4/1995 T N det. 
Lopbopilio paipinalis (HERBST, 1799), Fig. 11 
The species is expected to be found at the NE border of the region. The nearest finding place: Snežnik (VL54). 
Oligolophus tridens (C.L. KOCH , 1836) 
The species is expected to be found at the NE border of the region. The nearest finding place: Snežnik (VL54). 
Lacinius horridus (PANZER, 1794) 

Sečovlje, UL 93, 9.1971: 1 iuv. - 53/1981 TN det.; Osp, VL04, AZ leg., 8.1995: 1 iuv. - 66/1995 TN det.; Dol, VL 13, sieve, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 1 m. ­51/1990 TN det.; Podpeč - Zazid, VL 13, at trees, sieve, LS, TN leg., 29.9.1990: 2 mm. - 4/1990 TN det.; Sočerga, VL 13, sieve, LS, TN leg., 28.9.1990: 2 ff. ­7/1990 TN det.; Črni kal, VL 14, 17.10.1964: 1 f. ­13/1984 TN, JH det.; Črni kal - Praproče, VL 14, 300 m from the road-crossing, under stones, sieve, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 2 ff. - 5/1990 T N det.; Črnotiče, VL 14, sieve, in madow trees, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 1 f. ­6/1990 TN det.; road-crossing Kozina - Koper - Socerb, VL 14, sieve, LS, T N leg., 30.9.1990: 2 mm., 1 f. ­3/1990 TN det.; Praproče, VL 14, under trees, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 5 mm., 6 ff. - 43/1990 TN det.; Socerb, VL 14, pit-fall trap 9, FP leg., 10.4.1990: 1 iuv. ­67/1990 TN, LS det.; Vala, Zelenica, Loka - Črni kal, VL 14, catching sac, C K leg., 17.10.1990: 1 m., 1 f. ­71/1990 T N det.; Škofije, VL25, jM leg., 12.7.1974, jM 1290: 4 iuv., jM det.; Sovič, Postojna, VL37, SP leg., NMPO-008, 1.-5.7.1994: 2 iuv. - 1/1995 TN det. 
Lacinius dentiger (C±. KOCH , 1848) 

Mlini, VL 13, around trees, under a bridge, LS, T N leg., 30.9.1990: 1 m., If. - 52/1990 T N det.; Osp, VL14, BT leg., 1994: 3 iuv. - 70/1995 T N det.; Praproče, VL 14, under trees, LS, TN, 29.9.1990: 2 mm., 2 ff. ­44/1990 T N det.; Sovič, Postojna, VL37, SP leg., NMP 0-009, 1.-5.7.1994: 2 ff. - 3/1995 TN det. 
Lacinius ephippiatus (C.L. KOCH , 1835) 
The species is expected to be found at the NE border of the region. The nearest finding place: Snežnik (VL54). 
Odiellus spinosus (BOSC, 1792) 
Sečovlje, UL 93, 9.1971: 1 m. - 18/1981 T N det.; ibid., 9.1971: 1 m. - 55/1981 TN det.; Rožna dolina, Nova Gorica, UL 98, ground, NS leg., 20.9.1973: 1 f. ­14/1981 TN det; Luka Koper, VL 04, NS leg., 2.8.1973: 1 f. iuv. - 366/1982 T N det.; Veliki Badinj pri Sočergi, VL 13, sieve, LS, T N leg., 28.9.1990: 1 m. - 2/1990 TN det.; 1 km northern from Hrastovlje, VL 14, under an oak, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 2 ff. - 1/1990 TN det.; Socerb, VL 14, pit-fall trap 6, FP leg., 10.4.1990: 2 iuv. ­34/1990 TN det. 
Mitopus morio (FABR1C1US, 1799) 
Nanos - Farmance, VL 27, 7.11.1964; 1 m. ­250/1983 TNJ H det, 
Cyas annulatus (OLIVIER, 1791) 
Cave Jama pod Predjamskim gradom, Predjama, VL37, TN leg., 8.2.1975, !ZRK 125; 3 iuv. - T N det. The zoogeographical map of the species in LipovSek (1995). 
Amilenus aurantiacus (SIMON, 1881) 

Cave Jama v Martinjaku, Bač pri Materiji, VL 24, 27.1.1976: 1 f. - 342/1982 T N det.; cave Martinova jama, Bač pri Materiji, VL24, T N leg., 27.9.1995: 1 f. inad. - 54/1995 T N det.; cave Grajski kevderc, Bač pri Materiji, VL 24, 27,1.1976: 1 m., 1 f. - T N det.; cave Rešetnica, Bač pri Materiji, VL24, 27.1.1976:1 f. subad. 
- TN det.; cave Škocjanske jame, Divača, VL 25, 25.5.1964: 3 mm., 1 f. - 224/1983 T N det.; ibid., date?: 2 mm. - T N det.; cave Volčja jama, Nanos, VL 27, 29.4.1914: 2 mm. - T N det.; ibid., 3.5.1965: 5 mm. ­127/1983 T N det,; cave Osojca, Postojna, VL36, RE and EC leg., 24.4.1976, NMVV 6066: 8 mm. - j G det.; ibid., 20.4.1976: NMW 6067: 4 mm. - jG det; cave "Schattenloch", Postojna, VL36, EC, RE leg., 14.4.1974, NHMW 3985: 12 mm., 1 f. - jG det; cave Postojnska jama, Pisani rov, VL 36, 16.3.1977: 1 m„ 4 ff. ­644/1983 T N det; ibid., 23.3.1977, IZRK 10126: 1 f. ­TN det. 1981; cave Črna jama, Postojna, VL 37, 27.4.1914: 1 m. - TN det.; cave Ledena jama pod HruSico, VL 37, EP leg., 16.10.1966: 7 iuv. - TN det. 
T. NOVAK , (. GRUBER, L, SLANA: A CONTRIBUTIO N T O THE KNOWLEDG E O F THE HARVESTMEN.... 181-192 
Slika 9: Razširjenost vrst iscbyropsalis muellneri (t) in i. hadzii (2). 
Astrobunus laevipes (CANE5TRINI, 1872) 

Brda UL 89, ground, NS leg., 19.9.1973: 1 f. ­460/1981 T N det.; Bilje - Miren, UL 98, ground, NS leg., 23.7.1973: 2 mm. - 463/1981 TN det; ibid., ground, NS leg., 26.8.1973: 9 mm., 3 ff. - 446/1981 TN det.; ibid., ground, NS leg., 19,9.1973: 23 mm., 2 ff. - 7/1981 T N det.; ibid., ground, NS leg., 19.9.1973:1 m. - 8/1981 TN det.; Miren, UL 98, ground, NS leg., 6.8.1973: 3 ff, ­473/1981 T N det.; ibid., pit-fall trap, NS leg., 20.8.1973: 1 m. - 421/1981 T N det. 
Astrobunus dinaricus ROEVVER, 1915 

The species is expected at the SE border of the re­gion. The nearest finding place: Opatija (MARTENS 1978). 
Astrobunus helleri (AUSSERER, 1867) 

Matavun, doline at Škocjanske jame cave, VL25, JM leg., 12.7.1974, JM 1281: 2 iuv. - JM det.; Zavrhek, VL25, 400 m alt, JM leg., 12.7.1974, JM 1319: 1 m. ­JM det.; Nanos, VL 27, G leg., 25.6. - 4.7.1 894, NHMW 3436: 1 f. -] G det. 
Leiobunum limbatum L. KOCH, 1861 

The species can be expected in the northern part of the region. The nearest finding place: Ljubljana (VM60). 
Leiobunum roseum C.L. KOCH , 1839 

Kozlov rob, Tolmin, VM01, a cavern, S) leg., 11.8.1995: 2 mm. -49/1995 T N det. 
The species has not been found in apparently suit­able rocky habitats (e.g. Osapska stena, Kraški rob, VL14) in the southern part of the region although ac­cording to Koch (1848) the neighbourhood of Trieste -Trst is the southernmost finding-place of the species. 
Leiobunum rotundum (LATREILLE, 1798) 

Postojna, VL37, M leg., NHMW 3527: 2 iuv. - FR det. - therefore a doubtful record. 
Leiobunum rupestre (HERBST, 1799) 

The species is expected at the NE border of the re­gion. The nearest finding place: Rakov Škocjan (VL47). 
Nelima semproni SZALAY, 1951 

Sečovlje, UL 93, 9.1971:1 m. - 165/1982 TN det.; ibid., 9.1971: cf. 1 f. - 166/1982 TN, LS det. 1995; Strunjan, UL 94, JH leg., 7.5.1953: 1 m. - 307a/1983 TN det.; ibid.: 1 f. - 307b/1983 TN det.; ibid., JH leg., 15,­21.5.1965: 1 f. - 320/1983 TN, LS det. 1995; ibid., JH leg., 16.-20.5.1964: cf. 1 f. - 377/1983 TN det.; ibid., JH leg., 9.1965: 1 m. - 26/1983 TN, LS det. 1995; Pridvor 
T. NOVAK , j. GRUBER, L. SLANA: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDG E OF THE HARVES7MEN..., IS !-192 
Fig./Slika 10: Ischyropsalis kollari, 

(= Sv. Anton), Dekani, VL04, ST leg., 8.1995: 1 m., 1 f. ­67/1995 T N det; Luka Koper, VL 04, NS leg., 2.8.1973: cf, 1 f. iuv. - 367/1982 TN, JG det.; Mlini, VL 13, around trees, under a bridge, LS, TN leg., 30.9.1990: 2 mm., 1f. 
- 54/1990 TN, LS det. 1995; Podpec - Zazid, VL 13, around trees, sieve, LS, TN leg., 29.9.1990: 2 ff. ­62/1990 TN, LS det. 1995; Sočerga, VL 13, sieve, LS, TN leg., 28.9.1990: I iuv. - 59/1990 TN, LS det. 1995; ibid., sieve, LS, TN leg., 28.9.1990: 1 m. - 60/1990 TN, LS det. 1995; Veliki Badinj pri Sočergi, VL 13, sieve, LS, TN 
!eg., 28.9.1990: 1 m. - 65/1990 TN, LS det, 1995; ibid.: 1 m. - 46/1990 TN, LS det. 1995; cave Osapska (Grajska) jama, Osp, VL 14, sieve, in grass, LS, TN leg., 30.9.1990: 1 f., 8 iuv. - 64/1990 TN, LS det, 1995; ibid.: 1 m. - 66/1990 TN, LS det.; Podgorje, VL 14, pit-fall trap 28, FP leg., 12.4.1990: 1 iuv. 61/1990 TN, LS det; 
Podpeč, Osp, VL14, BT leg., 1994: 1 f., 1 iuv. - 71/1995 TN det.; 200 m from the quarry Črni kal towards Pra­proče, VL 14, by the road, LS, TN leg., 29.9.1990: 1 f. ­47/1990 TN, LS det. 1995; Črni kal - Praproče, VL 14, under stones, sieve, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 1 iuv. ­57/1990 TN, LS det. 1995; Milski bori, Črnotiče, VL 14, by the road, sieve, under stones, LS, TN leg., 29.9.1990: 1 m. - 56/1990 TN, LS det. 1995; 1 km northern from Hrasto vije, VL 14, under an oak, LS, T N leg., 29.9.1990: 1 f. - 50/1990 TN, LS det. 1995; Predloka, VL 14, LS, TN leg., 29.9.1990: 1 f. -48/1990 TN, LS det 1995. 
Ne!ima doriae (CANESTRINI, 1871) 

The nearest known finding-places are Rovinj and the neighbourhood of Vittorio-Veneto (Martens, 1978). The species can be expected also in the region as well. 
DISCUSSIO N AN D CONCLUSION S 

in the Submediterranean region of Slovenia, 33 nominal harvestmen species and 1 subspecies have been found. Further 19 species are known from the vi­cinity of the region and can be expected there, too. Some of the species i.e. Scotolemon doriae\ Opiiio canestrinii and Nelima doriae, are potentially new to the fauna of Slovenia, and additionally an eyeless Mitos­toma species can be expected there. 
The regional vegetation has been drastically dev­asted in the past, beginning with the mediaeval period, so it is hard to establish the whole potential fauna of the region. Besides, some species inhabit inaccessible habitats, such as fissure systems. Anyway, the following species inhabiting other parts of Slovenia are not ex­pected in the region: Nemastoma friste, Paranemastoma bicuspidatum, tschyropsaiis hadzii, Megahunus armatus, Egaenus convexus, Gyas titanus, Dicranopalpus gas­teinensis. it is evident that in Slovensko primorje most of the Alpine species are missing as well as one of the southeastern European species (E. convexus) and one Balcans1 species (A. croaticus). 
The taxonomical knowledge about the nominal spe­cies Peitonychia gabria, P. postumicola and P. tenuis is scarce and the corrections through the synonymy of the two or all three species are expected in the future. 
!t is not clear whether Leiobunum roseum indeed in­habits the southern part of the region. More efforts are needed to obtain further relevant data. 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

The collections of J. HAD21, j. MARTENS (JM), as well as those belonging to the Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije, Ljubljana (BIOS and others), the inStitut za raziskovanje krasa ZR C SAZU, Postojna (IZRK), the 
Fig./Slika 11: Lophopilio papinalis. 

T. NOVAK , j. GRUBER, L. SLANA: A CONTRIBUTIO N T O THE KNOWLEDGE O F THE HARVESTMEN..., 181-192 
Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NHMW), the Notranj­ski muzej Postojna (NMP) and some private collections have been revised. Further material in Zoologisches Mu­seum Berlin (ZM8). 
We are very grateful to the collectors who made this contribution possible; EC Erhard CHRiSTiAN, D D Dušan DEVETAK, ND N. DOLENC, RE R. EDER, C GANGL­BAUER, Sj Sonja jERAM, JG Jürgen GRUßER, JH Jovan HADŽ1, W H W. HÜTHER, CK Ciril KRUŠNIK, K KAUFMANN, JM Jochen MARTENS, M MÜLLER, T N Tone NOVAK, H N H. NOPP, SP Slavko POLAK, FP Franc POTOČNIK, EP Egon PRETNER, KP K. PRiMOŽIČ, FR Carl-Friedrich ROEWER, NS Nace SiVEC, LS Ljuba SLANA, MES M. E. SCHMID, VS Valerio SBORDONI, AS A. SALAMON, BT B. TO§KAN, ST S. TOTH, TT Tomi TRiLAR, KWV Karl W. VERHOEFF, AZ A. ZAJK O and A2 A. 2lV!N. 
The original zoogeographical map of Slovenia and the original drawings of the harvestmen, made by Narcis MR^l i (Kranj), were friendly permitted for publishing by the author. 
Our cordial thanks to Mr, Stojan SANCIN (Trieste) who kindly helped us in search for the geogarphical position of the are "Gabria jama". 
POVZETEK 
V svoji zoogeografski delitvi Slovenije je N. Mršič poleg geografskih in meteoroloških razmer upošteval tudi pa­leozoogeografske okoliščine. Po njem je submediteransko območje Slovenije treba razumeti kot podregijo dinarske regije. 
V pregledu smo upoštevali vse znane zbirke suhih južin slovenskega ozemlja in druge ustrezne podatke. Za submediteransko območje Slovenije smo našli 33 nominalnih vrst in 7 podvrsto, potencialno pa živi v Slovenskem primorju še 19 vrst Zaradi močno uničene in spremenjene vegetacije v preteklosti, zlasti od srednjega veka naprej, je težko ugotavljati celotno potencialno favno te regije. Dodatno je presoja otežkočena zaradi težko dostopnih habitatov, npr. sistemov špranj v matični kamnini. Kljub temu je očitno, da živijo v regiji vsaj posamezne vrste iz vseh zoogeografskih območij Slovenije. V največji meri manjkajo alpski elementi (Nemastoma triste, Paranema­stoma bicuspidatum, lschyropsalis hadzii, Megabunus armatus, Mitopus glaclalis, Gyas titanus in Dicranopalpus gasteinensis) ter jugovzhodno evropska vrsta Egaenus convexus in balkanska vrsta Astrobunus croatius. Po starih podatkih živi alpska vrsta Leiobunum roseum tudi v okolici Trsta, vendar je mi nismo našli. Nominalne vrste Peltonychia gabria, P. postumicola in P. tenuis so taksonomsko slabo raziskane. Pričakujemo, da se bo v prihodnje izkazalo, da pripadata vsaj dve - aH pa kar vse tri - dejansko isti vrsti. 
Potencialno lahko v regiji pričakujemo še brez o ko vrsto iz rodu Mitostoma in novosti po reviziji rodu Trogulus. 
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