ACTA HISTRIAE
32, 2024, 2
UDK/UDC 94(05) ISSN 1318-0185ACTA HISTRIAE 32, 2024, 2, pp. 177-320
UDK/UDC 94(05) 
Zgodovinsko društvo za južno Primorsko - Koper
Società storica del Litorale - Capodistria
ACTA HISTRIAE
32, 2024, 2
KOPER 2024
ISSN 1318-0185
e-ISSN 2591-1767
ACTA HISTRIAE • 32 • 2024 • 2
ISSN 1318-0185                UDK/UDC 94(05)             Letnik 32, leto 2024, številka 2
e-ISSN 2591-1767
Darko Darovec
Gorazd Bajc, Furio Bianco (IT), Flavij Bonin, Paolo Broggio (IT), Stuart Carroll (UK), Àngel Casals 
Martínez (ES), Alessandro Casellato (IT), Dragica Čeč, Lovorka Čoralić (HR), Darko Darovec, Marco 
Fincardi (IT), Darko Friš, Aleksej Kalc, Borut Klabjan, Urška Lampe, Amanda Madden (USA), John 
Martin (USA), Robert Matijašić (HR), Aleš Maver, Darja Mihelič, Edward Muir (USA), Jeppe Büchert 
Netterstrøm (DK), Žiga Oman, Egon Pelikan, Luciano Pezzolo (IT), Jože Pirjevec, Claudio Povolo (IT), 
Marijan Premović (MNE), Colin Rose (CA), Luca Rossetto (IT), Vida Rožac Darovec, Tamara Scheer 
(AT), Polona Tratnik, Boštjan Udovič, Marta Verginella, Nancy M. Wingfield (USA), Salvator Žitko.
Žiga Oman, Urška Lampe, Boštjan Udovič, Jasmina Rejec
Cecilia Furioso Cenci (it.), Žiga Oman (angl.)
Žiga Oman (angl., slo.), Cecilia Furioso Cenci (it.)
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ACTA HISTRIAE • 32 • 2024 • 2
Volume 32, Koper 2024, issue 2UDK/UDC 94(05) ISSN 1318-0185
e-ISSN 2591-1767
VSEBINA / INDICE GENERALE / CONTENTS
Martin Bele: Plemstvo v mestu in mestne elite .....................................................
La nobiltà nelle città e le élite cittadine
Nobility in Towns and Urban Elites
Dejan Juhart & Martin Bele: Primerjava pečatov celinskih 
in primorskih mest na Slovenskem v srednjem veku ..............................................
Confronto tra i sigilli delle città continentali e litoranee 
della Slovenia medievale
Comparison of Seals of Mainland and Coastal Towns 
in the Slovene Lands in the Middle Ages
Marina Odak: Representations of St. George On Coins Minted 
in the Medieval City of Bar ....................................................................................
Rappresentazione di san Giorgio sulle monete coinate nella città medievale di Bar
Upodobitve sv. Jurija na kovancih kovanih v srednjeveškem mestu Bar
Marijan Premović & Vasilj Jovović: Apprentices from the 
Zeta Littoral in Late Medieval Ragusa .................................................................
Apprendisti del litorale di Zeta nella Ragusa tardo medievale
Vajenci iz Zetskega primorja v poznosrednjeveškem Dubrovniku
Marija Mogorović Crljenko & Danijela Doblanović Šuran: 
Origin of the Population and Councillor Families 
in the Rovinj Census of 1595/6 ..............................................................................
La provenienza della popolazione e le famiglie dei 
consiglieri nel censimento di Rovigno del 1595/6
Izvor prebivalcev in družine svetnikov po popisu 
prebivalstva Rovinja iz let 1595/1596
177
201
225
271
247
ACTA HISTRIAE • 32 • 2024 • 2
Gordana Rovčanin Premović: Potential for 
Reaffirming Architectural Values of Historical Urban Structures 
on the Coast of Montenegro ....................................................................................
Potenzialità di riaffermazione dei valori architettonici 
dei complessi urbani storici sul Litorale montenegrino
Možnosti za reafirmacijo arhitektonske vrednosti 
zgodovinskih urbanih celot v Črnogorskem primorju
297
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ORIGIN OF THE POPULATION AND COUNCILOR FAMILIES
IN THE ROVINJ CENSUS OF 1595/6
Marija MOGOROVIĆ CRLJENKO
Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Faculty of Humanities, Aldo Negri 6, 52100 Pula, Croatia
e-mail: mmogorov@unipu.hr
Danijela DOBLANOVIĆ ŠURAN
Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Faculty of Humanities, Aldo Negri 6, 52100 Pula, Croatia
e-mail: ddoblanovic@unipu.hr
ABSTRACT
In the early modern period, Rovinj had healthier air compared to many 
other Istrian coastal communes, leading to a significantly higher population 
than places like Pula or Poreč. Its strategic location and a stable connection 
to Venice also attracted many settlers. This is confirmed by the first known 
census of Rovinj from 1595/6, which shows that a large proportion of sur-
names were linked to newcomers. This paper describes the census, examines 
the enumeration method and the time of data collection, assesses the accuracy 
and reliability of the data, and analyzes the population’s origins based on 
surnames and descriptors, the titles and names of household heads, and coun-
cilor families.
Key words: Rovinj, Istria, census 1595/6, population
LA PROVENIENZA DELLA POPOLAZIONE E LE FAMIGLIE DEI CONSIGLIERI
NEL CENSIMENTO DI ROVIGNO DEL 1595/6
SINTESI
All’inizio dell’età moderna, Rovinj/Rovigno godeva di un’aria più salubre 
rispetto a molti altri comuni costieri dell’Istria, il che contribuì a farle acqui-
sire una popolazione significativamente più numerosa rispetto a centri come 
Pula/Pola o Poreč/Parenzo. La posizione strategica della città e i suoi solidi 
collegamenti con Venezia attirarono numerosi nuovi abitanti. Questo è testimo-
niato dal primo censimento noto di Rovigno, risalente al 1595/1596, che rivela 
come una parte significativa dei cognomi appartenesse a immigrati. L’articolo 
esamina questo censimento, analizzando il metodo di registrazione, il periodo 
Received: 2024-05-23                                                   DOI 10.19233/AH. 024.11
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di raccolta dei dati, l’accuratezza e l’affidabilità delle informazioni. Inoltre, 
esplora le origini della popolazione attraverso lo studio di titoli, cognomi e 
nomi dei capifamiglia e delle famiglie dei consiglieri.
Parole chiave: Rovigno, Istria, censimento del 1595/6, popolazione
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INTRODUCTION1
In the early modern period, Rovinj/Rovigno had a reputation for healthier air 
compared to other Istrian coastal towns.2 Encircled by walls, it attracted numerous 
settlers from neighbouring areas on the Istrian peninsula and beyond. The earliest 
known census of Rovinj dates back to 1595–1596, and it was documented by Bernardo 
Benussi in 1882 (Benussi, 1886). At that time, the census, under the title Rovigno 1595 
Descrittione di tutti gli abitanti di Rovigno et di animali, was stored in the Municipal 
Archives of Rovinj (Archivio Municipale di Rovigno) (Benussi, 1886, 138). Today, this 
census, along with others from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, is preserved in 
the State Archives in Rijeka (DARI, Census 1595/6, book (from now on: b.) 1).
1 This paper was co-funded by the Croatian Science Foundation under project no. IP-2019-04-2055 “To-
pography of Power: Eastern Adriatic Cities in Medieval Spheres of Power” (TOPOS) and Institutional 
project of Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Faculty of Humanities: “Population of Rovinj in the Early 
Modern Period.”
2 In horographies as well as the reports of Venetian rectors, the unhealthy air in certain Istrian towns was 
a constant topic. In the mid-seventeenth century, Novigrad/Cittanova Bishop Giacomo Filippo Tomasini 
wrote: Ha li giorni, e le notti tutto l’ anno simili a quei, che Venezia, e tutta la Lombardia hanno. Per 
conseguenza gode un aria temperata, anzi quella parte, che si discosta dalli monti, e dall’ Alpi Giulie, e 
s avvicina al mare, non sente molto freddo, fuorché con li venti, onde resta la campagna attissima tutto 
l’anno al pascolo degli animali. Quindi occorre che i’ inverno li pastori si partono dalli monti del Cragno, 
della Carintia, ed altri luoghi alti, e vengono a svernare qui le loro pecore, e capre. Ma siccome questa 
parte marittima gode di questa temperatura, così resta però molto insalubre, e nemica della natura umana 
e ciò per i venti australi, siroco, ostro, garbino, come disse Strabone, che la distolgono. E quei luoghi 
che sono piu esposti ai suddetti venti, restano miserabilmente per l’intemperia dell’aria affatto distrutti, 
e disabitati. Tra quali principali sono Umago, Città Nova, Parenzo, e Pola. Anzi è comune opinione de’ 
più intendenti, che l’aria dell’Istria sia tutta poco salutifera; onde monsignor Cardinale Agostino Valiero 
che fu visitator apostolico di questa provincia soleva dire che l’Istria era l’ospitale degl’italiani, veden-
dosi in prova questo suo detto. Restano però d’aria più buona Capo d’Istria, Pirano, Isola, o Rovigno, 
come esposti alla tramontana, e coperti dai venti cattivi (Tomasini, 1837, 15–16). The wider Pula/Pola 
environs, as well as Novigrad, Umag/Umago and their surroundings, were counted among the particularly 
unhealthy areas. Poreč/Parenzo lost about 75% of its population due to malaria in the final two decades 
of the sixteenth century (Bertoša, 1995, 54; Schiavuzzi, 1889, 423–447). Rovinj was one of those places 
where the air was not entirely healthy, but not dramatically unhealthy either. Horographer Fr. Leandro 
Alberti noted that the zone of unhealthy air was one around Lim Bay and running to Dvigrad, while in 
Rovinj and the nearby islands of Sveta Katarina (St. Catherine), Sveti Andrija (St. Andrew; today Crveni 
otok/“Red Island”) and Sveti Ivan na Pučini (St. John on the Open Sea/San Giovanni in Pelago), the air 
was not entirely healthy (Schiavuzzi, 1889, 424). In 1623, Andrea Contarini, the captain of Rašpor, noted 
in his report that the unhealthy air (corrution d’aria) was due to poor management, i.e. the careless-
ness of the inhabitants themselves, who did not repair the ruins and did not maintain the town’s hygiene 
(Bertoša, 1978–1979, 497; Cigui, 2013, 198); a few years later (1626), the Istrian provveditore, Giulio 
Contarini, ordered the reclamation of some marshes in Poreč and Umag (Cigui, 2013, 198). Compared 
to other cities in Venetian Istria (western coast) with the exception of Koper/Capodistria, which still had 
the highest population, Rovinj had the most residents. For example, in 1554, the number of inhabitants in 
cities (excluding districts) was: 1,789 in Rovinj, 594 in Pula and 780 in Poreč). At the end of the sixteenth 
century, Rovinj had a population of approximately 2,600 (1595/6). At the beginning of the seventeenth 
century (1601) Poreč had only 300 inhabitants, and Pula 579 (1613). The declining population trends in 
Pula and Poreč continued during the seventeenth century (Ivetic, 1997, 311, 315–316). According to the 
1658 census, Rovinj had approximately 3,780 inhabitants (DARI, Census 1658, b. 1).
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The census consists of 56 numbered pages, with this note written on the last 
page: Tratta dal Volume civile del N. H. S. [nobil homo signor] Giacomo Minotto 
fu podestà Precessore essistente in questo pubblico Archivio di Rovigno. Florio 
Spongia Nodaro Pubblico e Vice Archivista. Despite this, questions about the 
methodology underlying the census remain unresolved. For instance, who con-
ducted the census and what criteria were employed remain unclear. How long did 
it last, and how much did its preparation cost? Additionally, whether the enumera-
tor gathered information door-to-door or required residents to report to his office 
is not specified (Madunić, 2009, 28).
A total of 2,614 residents, 539 households and 4,398 animals were recorded 
in this census.
The first 60 entries are dated 1595 and the rest of the census is dated March 
31, 1596. However, it is certain that the census (i.e., the rest of the census) could 
not have been conducted in a single day, so it is more likely that the census lasted 
for a time and that in the end the date of its completion was recorded. Cross-
referencing the census with baptismal registers, many children listed in the census 
were not recorded in the baptismal register for 1594 or 1595, indicating gaps in 
the birth register. Conversely, some children whose baptisms were recorded help 
approximate the census dates. For instance, Nicolò, son of Domenego Venier and 
Euphemia Verzo, baptized on April 1, 1595, is listed as five months old in the 
census, suggesting an entry date around September 1595. Similarly, Griguor, son 
of Pasqualin Malusa and Martina, born on August 6, 1595, is listed as six months 
old, implying a census date in February 1596. Other entries indicate a lengthy 
enumeration process, as evidenced by deaths of household heads recorded in that 
period, such as Francesco da San Vincenti and Nicoletto Salata. Francesco died 
in March 1596, but he does not appear in the census; the head of the household 
listed in the census is his widow Mattia, while Nicoletto Salata died in February 
and he was listed prior to his death in February 1596.
The purpose of the census remains the subject of speculation. It may have 
been aimed at estimating the population or assessing the material conditions for 
taxation purposes (Madunić, 2009, 28). However, aside from listing animals, the 
census details neither occupations nor real estate ownership, which might have 
been relevant for tax assessment. It is plausible that the Venetian administration 
intended to account for adult males for defense or labor purposes and to estimate 
food supply needs during grain shortages.
It is a census of inhabitants and animals. The census format lists inhabitants on 
the left and animals on the right, starting with the household head. Male ages are 
generally recorded, but female ages are noted only occasionally. All household 
members are listed, including wives, children, other relatives, and any household 
help (fameio, massara, fante, garzone, fantesca), with the ages of children and 
siblings recorded more frequently than those of mothers and adult women. The 
age data are sometimes imprecise, indicating only the number of children below 
a certain age.
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Despite these limitations, the census allows for the reconstruction of Rovinj’s 
family structures, immigration patterns and economic activities. Each household’s 
livestock is registered, including horses, mares, donkeys, cows, oxen, bulls, 
sheep, and small livestock (animali minuti/menudi). The term animali grossi oc-
casionally appears, likely indicating the total number of large livestock. Sheep 
are often denoted by the term animali minuti and grouped in units (herds) of 40 
(quarnaro).3 For example, the list specifies anemali menudi quarnara 14, which 
would mean 560 sheep. Then when the animali minuti are listed only by number, 
it is very likely that this means both sheep and goats.4
There is a convenient analogy to the Novigrad census, which was compiled 
at almost the same time, in 1596, and which, besides household members, also 
lists large and small livestock.5 Both censuses were quite likely motivated by the 
severe famine that had affected the Mediterranean zone in the 1590s (Rowlands, 
2001, 49), so it is possible that this was one of the reasons why the Republic 
of Venice conducted censuses in the mid-1590s, i.e., in order to prepare for the 
eventuality of securing provisions for its population.
Benussi questioned the comprehensiveness of the census, noting discrepan-
cies between the recorded population of 2,614 in 1595/6 and the 5,000 inhab-
itants mentioned in Angelini’s 1600 chronicle. He furthermore questioned the 
list’s completeness because surnames mentioned in numerous documents in the 
Rovinj archive for the period from 1500 to 1600 (Zenvinum, Candutio, Leuco, 
Barberolo, Baruta and Cathena) are missing from the census of 1595/6. Regarding 
Benussi’s doubts about the authenticity of the 1595/6 census due to the number 
of inhabitants cited in 1600, it is clear that one data set is definitely incorrect. 
It is our opinion that the number of inhabitants cited in 1600 is much less likely 
than the total population indicated by the 1595/6 census. Namely, according to the 
census from 1595/6, the population was significantly less than in 1600: 2,614. If 
both figures are correct, it would mean that Rovinj’s population almost doubled 
in just five years, and other relevant sources indicate no such a thing. Subsequent 
censuses in 1655 recorded 3,695 inhabitants, aligning more closely with Bishop 
Tomasini’s mid-seventeenth-century estimate of 4,000 inhabitants: Fa il luogo 
in tutto anime 4,000. Questo luogo e cresciuto da 60 over 70 anni in qua... (To-
masini, 1837, 424; Benussi, 1886, 139). If their information is correct, and if we 
3 Quarnar/quarner is a measure for a herd of sheep (Pavlovsky, 2000). Cf. 1508. 30 Giugno—Facendo 
suppliche il Comune di Barbana, perché avanti il principio della guerra quei di Pola gli tolsero 85 
quarnera di pecore, che sono, 40, per quarner (SM, 88). 
4 Only animali menudi (without specification if they are goats or sheep) are mentioned in the Rovinj 
Statute (STRV, b. 1, art. 26, 38, 51).
5 List of men, women, children, large and small livestock for Novigrad, Brtonigla and Tar from 17 
April 1596. (Die 17 Aprilis 1596, Descrittione delli huomeni, Donne, Putti, Animali grossi et menuti 
de Cittanuoua, Verteneglio, et Torre, Fatta in virtù di lettere del Cl.mo S.r Pod.à di Capodistria). 
This list was partially (only for Novigrad) published by Marino Budicin (1988–1989, 102–103; 
DAPA-4, b. 41, f. 675–681; Mogorović Crljenko, 2006, 30–33, 67–68, 87–88).
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assume that Angelini’s population figure from 1600 is also correct, the number 
of inhabitants decreased significantly, and the sources again indicate nothing of 
the sort. Moreover, Tomasini spoke of an increase in the population in the period 
from the end of the sixteenth to the mid-seventeenth century.
Registry books can also serve as a reference point to verify the reliability of 
census data. Those from Rovinj were preserved for those baptized as of 1560, 
married as of 1564, and those who died as of 1553 (Jelinčić et al., 2004–2006, 
170–176). Unfortunately, it seems that the information in the register of baptisms 
for 1595 and 1596, when the list was created, is not complete. This is stated at the 
very beginning of the register of baptisms in 1587–1612: Si avertisce che in più 
lochi delli battesimi non appare il proprio carattere de battezzanti, per quello che 
erano state dispartite le carte, con pericolo di perdersi, come anco si comprende 
essersi molte andate a male, et sono per altra mano registrate. According to 
the aforementioned register of baptisms, there were 48 baptisms in 1595 and 28 
in 1596. If we calculate the birth rate with these data, the result is too low for 
that period: 13.4 per thousand. Approximately twenty years later, the number of 
baptisms was significantly higher: 124 in 1613, and 122 in 1614. If we assume 
a typical birth rate of 35 to 40 per thousand for that time, the number of inhabit-
ants in those years could range from 3,000 to 3,500. Such figures correspond to 
the previously mentioned words of Bishop Tomasini. According to the average 
number of baptisms for the five-year period from 1653 to 1657,6 162.6, and the 
population according to the 1655 census, the birth rate was 44 per thousand, while 
according to Tomasini’s population data, it would be a probably more realistic 40 
per thousand. For comparison, the birth rate in Savičentia in 1613 was roughly 
34.7 per thousand (Doblanović, 2017, 39).
Additional historical data, such as Fabio de Canal’s 1566 forest statistics, 
testify to 1,947 inhabitants in Rovinj and Rovinjsko Selo (Klen, 1966–1968, 
51). It is far more likely that by the beginning of the seventeenth century the 
number of inhabitants increased by about 500, rather than, as Angelini as-
serted in his chronicle, the population being 5,000. In summary, the 1595/6 
census of Rovinj provides a valuable, albeit imperfect, snapshot of the town’s 
demographic and economic conditions, although the clerics and town officials 
obviously not listed should be added to the number. Namely, Rovinj was an 
ecclesiastical chapter, and its chapter house was home to numerous clergymen 
(Teklić, 2021, 34–66). Moreover, Rovinj was home to several permanently oc-
cupied monasteries on the islands of Sveti Andrija, Sveta Katarina, and Sveti 
Ivan na Pučini (Benussi, 1977, 276–279).
Town officials such as mayors, chancellors, chamberlains and others were not 
encompassed by the census (STRV, book 1, art. 1–25). These officials, along with 
members of the Venetian administration temporarily residing in the town during 
their service, were typically not locals. Venetian policy preferred appointing 
6 123 in 1653, 160 in 1654, 173 in 1655, 192 in 1656 and 165 in 1657.
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Marija MOGOROVIĆ CRLJENKO & Danijela DOBLANOVIĆ ŠURAN: ORIGIN OF THE POPULATION ..., 271–296
non-locals to prominent civilian and military positions in both the Domini di Ter-
raferma and the Stato da Màr (Madunić, 2009, 44–45). The podestàs were Vene-
tians who generally brought their own chancellors, cavaliers and other assistants 
(Rizzi, 2017). While the census records some notaries active in Rovinj at the 
time, it does not explicitly identify them as such. This information is discernible 
from the notary registers of that period. It is plausible that the census recorded 
those who were citizens of Rovinj but excluded those who only rendered their 
services there. The census also omits military personnel, such as captains and of-
ficers, if any were present. However, many town officials and military personnel 
can be identified through other registers, such as baptismal, marriage and death 
records, although their official roles are not noted in the census (Madunić, 2009, 
40–45; Bertoša, 2002, 235–244, 385–404). For example, the cavalier of Rovinj 
podestà Angelo Giustiniano was miser Alberto Bardeletto, whose daughter was 
baptized in Rovinj on May 13, 1592 (DAPA-429, Collection of Registers (from 
now on: CR), Register of Baptisms (from now on: RB) for Rovinj, 1587–1612, 
f. 53v). From a baptism record dated May 20, 1589, we learn that the chief’s 
cavalier was ser Batistella, and the godfather at his daughter’s baptism was the 
podestà’s assistant (coadiutor del detto Magnifico) Zuanne da Citadella, indicat-
ing his foreign origins (DAPA-429, CR, RB for Rovinj, 1587–1612, f. 53v).
Whether other members of the town administration were Venetians remains 
uncertain. There is a possibility that some of them were recorded in the census, 
but without any indication of occupation or function. For instance, the occupa-
tion was not recorded for the notaries Tommaso Cadenazzo or Cristoforo Sponza, 
Antonio Fachinetti, Domenego Moscarda and Iacomo Bello, who were active in 
Rovinj at that time.7
A hospital had been active in Rovinj since 1475; however, whether individuals 
accommodated in charitable institutions were included in the population census 
is also unclear.8 Another pertinent question is, who exactly was encompassed by 
the census—whether it included only inhabitants of the town (specifically the 
island in the narrower sense) or also the residents of the wider Rovinj district, 
as well as foreigners and newcomers. According to the surnames in the census, 
7 The notarial materials generated by the work of Tomasso Caenazzo (1585–1595), Cristophoro 
Sponza (1586–1589) and Antonio Fachinetti (1556–1600) are held in the archives of the SIASP 
in Trieste/Trst, while the materials of notary Iacomo Bello (1597–1634) and Domenego Moscarda 
(1602–1637) are held in the State Archives in Pazin.
8 In 1475, a hospital for the poor, sick and infirm dedicated to Our Lady of Mercy and St. Lawrence was 
established in Rovinj. It was financed by the fraternity’s revenues, and had separate sections for the care 
of men and women. In addition to the hospital, the literature also mentions the existence of a lazaretto in 
Rovinj (Schiavuzzi, 1892, 385, 394; Benussi, 1970, 168–170; Glesinger, 1989, 126–127; Karbić, 1991, 
67; Mogorović Crljenko, 2002, 111, 116).
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it is evident that the residents of Rovinjsko Selo were not included.9 It is likely 
that only present residents were recorded in the census, and not those who were 
absent for various reasons. This approach was similarly employed in the Zadar 
census from the early sixteenth century (1527), where only individuals then 
present in the town were listed, excluding those outside the town due to service 
in the Venetian navy. Madunić noted by way of analogy that other Venetian 
censuses of specific Dalmatian communes encompassed persons in the town, 
i.e., a given census recorded the number of the people present at that moment. 
In addition to the aforementioned, the census also included foreigners resid-
ing in the town for extended periods, but not those persons who were absent 
for a similarly extended period due to the performance of any type of formal 
service (Madunić, 2009, 29–30). Therefore, it can be inferred that the Rovinj 
census, similar to the Novigrad census and others conducted by the Venetian 
administration in Dalmatia, was primarily intended for the needs of the central 
government rather than local administration. It recorded individuals on whom the 
Venetian authorities could rely in case of war or public works and those for whom 
sustenance would have to be provided in case of shortages or famine. Namely, 
as a rule, it was not possible to produce enough grain for the town’s population, 
so it had to be purchased (Madunić, 2009, 31). This is proven by the list of 
buyers of fodder, grain and other types in Novigrad, Brtonigla and Tar from 1596 
(Nota di tutte le biade, formenti et altre sorti di Verteneggio et Torre insieme con 
Cittanoua con la nota di quelli che hanno comprato biade l`anno MDLXXXXVI) 
(DAPA-4, b. 41, f. 727–742; Mogorović Crljenko, 2006, 103–104).
Doubts about the completeness of the 1595/6 census based on the absence 
of surnames recorded in other documents from the Rovinj archives dated to the 
period from 1500 to 1600 were partially questioned by Benussi himself with argu-
ments supporting the reliability of the census (Benussi, 1886, 140). It is important 
to note that during this period, many surnames were just becoming established. 
Frequently, information about a person’s origin or profession was provided along 
with the name, eventually evolving into surnames. For example, in the 1595/6 
census, the head of the household was listed as miser Francesco Pergoli. In the 
1600 register of deaths, the death of his wife Francesca was recorded, with the 
surname noted as a nickname detto Pergoli (DAPA-429, CR, Register of Deaths 
9 Rovinjsko Selo emerged at the site of Vallis de Lacu Verzo, 7 kilometers from Rovinj. In 1526, 
Morlach families originally from the Zadar hinterland settled there (Ivetic, 1993, 373). Canon 
Tomaso Caenazzo, the Rovinj ecclesiastical chapter’s archivist, wrote about the Morlach settlers 
in the Rovinj area and cited a series of transcripts of various documents containing their claims. 
Among them is the one which records that representatives of the residents of the so-called Villa 
Morlachorum: S. Giorgius Brancovichio, Milcho Gradovichio, Dominico de Piezo de Zara, lacobo 
Sorzichio, Guido Vratovichio, Barichio Sorzichio, Mathaeo Starichio, Rado Gradovichio, Guido 
Gionta, Thomasio Sachochio et Nicola de Craise omnibus Murlachis came to the Rovinj podestà 
Leonardo Malipiero in 1531 with a request to solve certain problems (Caenazzo, 1885, 135). The 
surnames Brainovichio, Gradovichio, De Piezo, Sorzichio, Vratovichio, Starichio, Gionta, Sacho-
chio and De Craise do not appear in the Rovinj census of 1595/6.
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(from now on: RD) for Rovinj (1553–1601), f. 124v). Four years earlier, on Janu-
ary 26, 1596, the widower Francesco married Franceschina Gaiarducci. It was 
noted that he was the son of the late Giovanni Gabriel Fiorentino. His wife was 
recorded as a godmother at a baptism as Francesca consorte de mistro Francesco 
depentor. On September 30, 1624, his daughter Maria Pergolis figlia del pittore 
meser Francesco was married. Additionally, miser Francesco, in his capacity as 
a wedding witness on June 20, 1598, was recorded as Depentor da Firenza habit-
ante di Rovigno, and on June 8, 1616, he was serving the same role as Francesco 
Pergoli pittore toscano. By connecting various sources, including registers of 
baptisms, marriages and deaths, as well as notary records (DAPA-532, Domenico 
Moscarda, 5th protocol, f. 8r), we discovered that Francesco Pergolis was a Flor-
entine painter (Radossi & Pauletich, 1977–1978, 311; Mlacović et al., 2019, 168). 
In some sources, he is referred to as depentor, while in others he is called detto 
Pergolis. This discrepancy highlights the potential for incorrect conclusions if 
only one source is consulted, such as the 1595/6 census.
Francesco Solis is also listed in the census. Another source reveals his nickname 
as Barberolo (DAPA-429, CR, RB for Rovinj (1587–1612), f. 29v, January 20, 
1591). The surname Barberolo is among those that Benussi noted as being recorded 
between 1500 and 1600, specifically in 1580, but it does not appear in the 1595/6 
census. This case illustrates how nicknames often became surnames. For example, 
Cristoforo Segalla was recorded in the 1595/6 census. Four years later, he was 
listed in the register of deaths as Cristoforo Segalla detto Brunello (DAPA-429, 
CR, RD for Rovinj (1553–1601), f. 124r, 1600). Concurrently, the surname Brunel/
Brunello appears in the register of marriages among young men in 1585, 1592, 
and 1615. Registry book entries often explicitly state that a name is a nickname 
rather than a surname. This period was marked by the ongoing process of forming 
permanent surnames from first names, last names, nicknames, places of origin, oc-
cupations, or distinguishing features (Frančić & Milovan, 2019, 73–76; Šimunović, 
2006, 368–380). The examples below further confirm this trend.
According to the register of deaths, on September 20, 1590, the daughter of 
Anzolo, known by the nickname sopra nome di Bei Occhi (“of the Beautiful Eyes”), 
was buried, and on September 29 of the same year, the son of Matthio Delle Belle 
Parole (“of the Beautiful Words”) was also buried. These individuals do not appear 
under those nicknames in the 1595/6 census, making it difficult to determine their 
corresponding surnames. There are three heads of household named Anzolo/Angelo 
listed in the 1595/6 census: Anzolo Buranello (age 28), Anzolo da Venezia (age 40), 
and Angelo Moroso (age 50). Angelo Moroso was married in Rovinj on October 
12, 1572, and Anzolo Bevilaqua de San Nicolo da Venezia on June 24, 1573. It is 
possible that Anzolo Buranello is actually Anzolo of the Beautiful Eyes, but this 
remains speculative.
An additional control element was used to verify the completeness of the census: 
confirming whether the names and surnames of the fathers of children baptized from 
January 1, 1595, to March 31, 1596 (the last date in the census), were also present in 
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the list. According to the Rovinj register of baptisms, 52 children (including a pair of 
twins) were baptized in Rovinj during this period. Of the 51 fathers, 35 may be directly 
identified as household heads in the 1595/6 census. Additional sources (marriage and 
death registers) reveal fathers who died before the child’s baptism and cases in which 
fathers were listed with one surname in the census and another in the baptismal register. 
For example, the baptism of Francisca, daughter of ser Iseppo Zuanon and donna Betta, 
was recorded on April 23, 1595 (DAPA-429, CR, RB for Rovinj (1587–1612), f. 47v). 
There is no record of Iseppo Zuanon and Betta’s wedding in Rovinj before 1595, but 
on October 28, 1578, ser Iseppo Rotta and donna Isabetta were married. In the census, 
seven children are listed in the household of fifty-year-old ser Iseppo Rotta, including 
a one-year-old daughter. Zuanon was likely a nickname for ser Iseppo or the Rotta 
family (in the register of baptisms he was recorded on April 18, 1594, he was recorded 
as ser Iseppo Rota detto Zuanon). This process of cross-referencing various records 
highlights the challenges and intricacies of historical demographic research. The use 
of nicknames, variations in the recording of names, and the gradual establishment of 
surnames during this period complicate the accurate identification of individuals across 
different documents. Nonetheless, through meticulous comparison of records, research-
ers can piece together more complete and accurate historical narratives.
An interesting example from the census pertains to a household headed by 
a woman named Mattia Rizza (she lived with her 18-year-old daughter at the 
time). From the register of baptisms, we learn that she was the widow of An-
tonio Greco, called della Riccia (“of Curly”). Their son was baptized on May 
6, 1594, when Antonio Greco was still alive. He is recorded as Antonio Greco 
della Riccia and Mattia as detta Riccia.
Some of the children baptized from January 1, 1595, to March 31, 1596, 
were most likely recorded in households to which their fathers belonged (either 
the households of their own fathers or their brothers), but it is difficult to say 
how many. Among the fathers of children baptized in the 1595–1596 period 
(until March 31), 41 surnames appear, of which only two (Rochello and Zuanon) 
are not present in the census, and Zuanon, as already stated earlier, was the 
nickname of Iseppo Rotta.
A comparative analysis of households listed in the census alongside records 
of infants baptized between 1594 and March 31, 1596, revealed certain discrep-
ancies and limitations inherent in the sources themselves. Notably, age data in 
documents from that era were often imprecise and frequently rounded. Despite 
this, the census of 1595/6 documented 48 households wherein the ages of children 
were specified in months. It is plausible that there were more infants present, con-
sidering that in some instances, children’s ages were provided only as cumulative 
figures, such as three sons under the age of 5 or four daughters under the age of 
8, among others. However, among the infants identified in these 48 households, 
only 14 of them (29.2%) corresponded to individuals baptized between 1594 and 
1596. This discrepancy suggests a potential incompleteness in the Registers of 
baptism or inaccuracies in the recording of fathers’ names, further complicated 
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by the flexibility of surnames during this period. It is worth noting that the old-
est baptism entries were initially recorded on slips of paper and subsequently 
transcribed into registers, potentially leading to errors or omissions in the process 
(Doblanović Šuran & Mogorović Crljenko, 2019, 13).
ORIGIN OF THE POPULATION BASED ON 
SURNAMES FROM THE 1595/6 CENSUS
Among the 539 households listed, surnames were not recorded for 12 of them 
(2.2%), rather only an ancestor’s name was noted. However, among the remain-
ing 527 surnames, they can be categorized into several groups based on their 
likely origin. Firstly, there are surnames suggesting the bearer’s origin from both 
nearby and more distant regions, 165 in all or 30% of the total. It is important to 
note that surnames may not always directly indicate origin, as some names like 
Ive, Pergolis, Stoccada, or Salata are also associated with immigrants from Split, 
Tuscany, Venice, and Friuli, among other places. Additionally, surnames like Fer-
rarese, present in Rovinj before 1595/6, may represent established families rather 
than newcomers. Surnames can provide clues about immigration patterns and 
tendencies, but determining the exact time of arrival in the town and how long the 
status of newcomer persisted requires cross-referencing different sources. For in-
stance, Mathio Pedich, also known as Valentin and called Valco, from Savičenta, 
migrated to Rovinj in the late 1530s due to a conflict with the local captain. His 
involvement in a dispute over the demarcation between Vodnjan and Savičenta 
dates back to 1553, indicating his enduring ties to these areas. Pedich’s testimony 
during this dispute revealed his occupation as a bell-ringer in Rovinj, suggesting 
his established presence in the community by then. His mention of woodcutting 
activities in Savičenta 35 years prior to 1553 indicates his long-standing con-
nection to the area. He passed away in Rovinj in April 1556, and his death was 
recorded as ser Mathio da San Vincenti hostiar in the Rovinj registry, reflecting 
his origin and occupation. His story provides insight into individual experiences 
of migration and settlement in historical contexts (DAPA-429, CR, RD for Rovinj 
(1553–1601)). In the oldest Rovinj marriage register from the latter half of the 
sixteenth  century (1564–1640), the following are recorded as witnesses at wed-
dings: ser Domenego de San Vincenti ostiario quondam Rigo (1575), ser Dome-
nego da San Vincenti ostiario (many in the 1590s, last time in 1600), ser Zuan da 
San Vincenti hostiario (1618), and meser Zuanne da S. Vincenti q. meser ostiario; 
among the marriages we find Michelina da San Vincenti from the household of 
ser Zuanne, who was also an ostiario, and Domenica da San Vincenti from the 
late Piero detto Ostiario. The post of church porter was held by members of the 
da Sanvincenti family for a time. It is plausible that they were descendants of 
the bell-ringer Pedich, although no explicit evidence of this can be found in the 
available sources. If indeed they were, then the association with their place of 
origin persisted for four generations.
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Titles
Unlike certain other censuses of similar character,10 the recording of titles in 
the Rovinj census is apparently incomplete and inconsistent. Namely, the titles 
next to the names of household heads are listed in only 18.7% of cases (104 out 
of a total of 539 household heads, 71 male and 33 female). Interestingly, there 
were more female household heads with a title (a third, 33/99) compared to male 
heads (about 16%, 71/440).
The listed titles include: domino (1), eccellente signor (1), ser (44), misier 
(13), mistro or magister (12), and, for female household heads, donna (33).
Sixty-four-year-old Antonio Perinis was recorded in the list as a domino, 
and 76-year-old Alessandro Iustignano as a distinguished gentleman (eccellente 
signor). His occupation is impossible to ascertain from the sources.
The title of master (mistro, magistro) in the list from 1595/6 was held by: 
Bortolo and Francesco di mistro Giacomo Calafà, Vettor Calafà Carà, Marco 
Ciprioto, Piero q. Piero Furlan, Zorzi Marangon, Astolfo, Nicolò and Zuanne 
Moscarda, Francesco Milanese, Bortolo Pellizzaro, Simon Sartor and Pelegrin 
Visintin. Parts of master artisan’s surnames also suggest their trade: shipbuild-
ers, carpenters, furriers and tailors. From the register of baptisms, we learn that 
mistro Astolfo Moscarda was a mason (muraro) (DAPA-429, CR, RB for Rovinj 
(1587–1612), f. 99r, June 10, 1595).
The list’s scribe drew a distinction between miser and ser. While ser should 
be an abbreviation of miser—with both terms serving as abbreviations, the 
former for signor and the latter for mio signor—differentiation between the 
two titles has also been observed in other sources, where miser is hierarchically 
above ser (Doblanović Šuran, 2019, 83–84). It is also noteworthy that the titles 
from the list do not always correspond to those assigned to the same individuals 
in parish registers or notary records. In certain locations, such as Zadar and 
Venice, the titles ser and meser were associated with citizens (cittadino) or 
patricians (Madunić, 2009, 40). In the Rovinj census, the title meser/miser was 
held by members of councillor families (Mogorović Crljenko & Doblanović, 
2015; Mlacović et al., 2019; Mogorović Crljenko, 2019; Doblanović Šuran & 
Mogorović Crljenko, 2020). For instance, among the prodigious Sponza fam-
ily, three household heads—Giusto, Cristoforo q. Francesco, and Antonio q. 
Biasio—as well as Zuanbatista Basilisco, Iacomo Bello, Manolo Caluzzi, and 
Nicolo detto Caluci (listed in the census as Nicolo Zavarno, identified in bap-
tismal records as Nicolo Grego da Cirigo, a Greek from the island of Kythira, 
south of the Peloponnese) held the title of miser. Additionally, Zuanne Solis, 
Dorligo da Veggia (Krk), Domenico da Venezia, Zuanne da Capodistria (Koper), 
and the painter Francesco Pergoli from Florence were also titled miser. Other 
sources reveal that Cristoforo Sponza, the son of the late Francesco, and Iacomo 
10 For example, for Zadar from 1527, cf. Madunić (2009, 35–36).
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Bello were Rovinj notaries during that period.11 The majority of individuals 
in the census were conferred the title of ser. Several household heads from 
families associated with the council bore this title, including Bichiachi (2), 
Brionese, Burla (3), Caenazzo/Cadenazzo (3 out of 7), Di Vescovi (2 out of 20), 
Iotta (3 out of 9), Quarantotto (1 out of 5), Segala (1 out of 8), and Sponza (5 out 
of 32). Additionally, individuals with the surnames Albanese, Birola, Ciprioto, 
da Fasana, da Sebenico, Ferarese, Furlan, Gambello, Lanzetto, Longo, Lussin, 
Medelin, Moro, Pavan, Perini (2), Rota, Sbisà, and Vendrame also held the title 
of ser.
According to Benussi, in 1595/6, there were fourteen councillor families: 
Basilisco, Bello, Bichiachi, Brionese, Burla, Caenazzo, Calucci, Giotta, Leon-
ardis, Pesce, Quarantotto, Segala, Sponza, and Vescovi (Benussi, 1970, 79–80; 
Budicin, 1992, 128–129). Of these, the Leonardis surname is missing from the 
census, and none of the householders with the surname Pesce are associated 
with any title. In addition to the surnames of the councillor families, the titles 
miser and ser were also associated with household heads whose surnames sug-
gest newcomer origins or are known to be newcomers from other sources (e.g., 
Pergolis). It is evident that the titles were not exclusively reserved for members 
of councilor families, rather they were also accorded to more respectable and 
wealthy citizens. Based on this, it is clear that the titles of household heads were 
not consistently recorded.
Madunić observed that in Zadar almost everyone with a title resided inside the 
ramparts, with very few living in the town’s suburbs (Madunić, 2009, 39). How-
ever, based on existing sources, such a conclusion cannot be drawn for Rovinj 
because in the census is not precisely stated where in the town someone lives.
Councilor families
The census does not list the occupations of individual household heads, rather 
only those of the domestic staff in said households. Therefore, it is not possible 
to determine how many families were engaged in specific trades, seafaring, or 
commerce from the census data. Additionally, the census does not provide in-
sights into the family sizes of particular occupational groups. However, based on 
surnames, which were still in the formational phase during this period, we can 
identify those associated with councilor families. Fourteen such families existed 
during the census period, and by the end of the eighteenth century, three more 
families were admitted to the Council. As previously mentioned, the census does 
not include the Leonardis family, which Benussi listed as members of the town 
Council or as registered in the book of noble citizens (Libro dei nobili) during the 
census period (Benussi, 1970, 78–80).
11 Materials generated by the activities of the aforementioned Rovinj notaries are held in the fund 
DAPA-532, Rovinj Notaries.
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The exact number of members on the Council during the census period is unknown. 
However, in 1755, the Council had 361 members, as recorded by Budicin (1992, 128–
129). It is noteworthy that this figure reflects a significant time gap of 160 years, during 
which demographic and socio-political circumstances likely underwent considerable 
changes. Therefore, the number of Council members in the census period may have 
differed. Despite this uncertainty, the census provides valuable insights into the size and 
demographic status of certain families. By examining the data, we can determine the 
relative size of these families, irrespective of whether all of their branches had Council 
members or not. Additionally, the census allows us to identify families that may have 
been demographically threatened during this period (cf. Table 2).
The average number of councilor family members in the observed period was 
five. The largest kinship group was Sponza, which had 38 families and 182 members 
(an average of 4.78 members per family), and 4 domestic staff members. Among the 
household heads, two bore the title miser and five sir, while three female heads were 
addressed as donna. Only four families had domestic staff, three families each with 
one servant (fameio) and one family with a single maid (massera). The aforementioned 
family group was not very rich in animals either, as 14 families (36.8%) owned a single 
animal. Most had one to three heads of cattle and a horse or a donkey, while one fam-
ily owned four head of cattle, and one owned four bulls and two horses. The next 
largest kinship group was the Vescovi clan, which had 22 families, i.e., 95 members 
(an average of 4.31 members per family) and two servants. Two household heads bore 
the title as sir, and one head bore the title donna. In this family, 8 (36.3%) families 
also recorded ownership of animals (all title holders had them), mostly one to three 
heads of cattle and one to two horses or mares, although most owned a single head of 
cattle. They are followed by three kinship groups, Caenazzo, Iotta and Segalla, each 
consisting of 8 families, the Quarantotto clan, which had 6 families, while based on the 
number of families (and members), the most demographically threatened were clans 
with three families, Bichiachi (12 members in total), Burla (15 members) and Pesce 
(7 members), two families, Bello (10 members) and Caluzzi (17 members), and one 
family each, i.e. Basilisco (15 members) and Brionese (5 members). Two families from 
the Iotta clan stand out as the wealthiest in terms of animal ownership, headed by Piero 
q. ser Domenego and ser Nicolò, as well as a family from the Segalla clan headed by 
Domenego, and the Tomaso’s family from the Caenazzo clan. Out of 104 families, only 
10 had domestic staff in the household, mostly one member each, and only two families 
had more servants, i.e., Zambattista Basilisco’s family had 3 fanti, and while a family of 
4 servants (fameio) was employed by the aforementioned Piero q. ser Domenego from 
the Iotta clan, who was also one of the wealthiest livestock owners.
Names
The names of male and female household heads are recorded in the census. The male 
pool of names was more numerous than the female, but this is probably a difference 
resulting from the smaller number of female household heads. According to the 1595/6 
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census, 73 different names were recorded among male household heads, and only 44 
among female heads. The most common male names were Domenego, Zuanne (Zanetto) 
and Francesco. Those three names have been linked to virtually a third of household 
heads. The female household heads (mainly widows) were fewer, and among them the 
most common name was Eufemia (Fumia), after Rovinj’s patron saint (10%). Catarina, 
Domenega (Meneghina) and Antonia were common female names (Table 3). Accord-
ing to the Rovinj Register of Baptisms (1560–1587) covering the period from 1560 to 
1566, most of the baptized girls were named Eufemia (8.8%), followed by Francisca 
(7.3%), Maria (6.9%), Catarina (6.9%), Domenega (6.2%) and Zuanna (5.1%). Among 
baptized boys in that same period, the most common name was Zuanne (14.4%), while 
Francisco (10.8%), Domenego (7.9%), Piero (7.2%), Matteo (5%) and Giacomo were 
also common (5%) (Doblanović Šuran, 2017a, 226). The names of household heads in 
so-called councilor families do not deviate. Namely, among the household heads with 
councilor surnames, a third were named Domenego, Francesco and Zuanne.
IN LIEU OF A CONCLUSION
The census of 1595/6 stands as the oldest known enumeration of Rovinj’s popula-
tion, providing a detailed list of households (a total of 539) and its members. However, 
it is evident that certain segments of the population were not encompassed by the 
census, such as members of the Venetian administration and clergy.
Surnames had not yet been standardized during this period, resulting in individuals 
being identified by various descriptors, nicknames, or occupations, which could change 
from one generation to the next. Nonetheless, the census sheds light on patterns of 
immigration to Rovinj.
From the analysis of the surnames recorded in the 1595/6 census, several conclu-
sions can be drawn about the origin and migration patterns of the population in Rovinj. 
Among the 527 recorded surnames, 30% (165 surnames) suggest origins from both 
nearby and distant regions. This diversity in surnames points to a significant level of 
migration and interaction with other areas. Surnames may not always directly indi-
cate geographic origin. For example, names like Ive, Pergolis, Stoccada, and Salata 
are linked to regions such as Split, Tuscany, Venice, and Friuli. Additionally, some 
surnames like Ferrarese were already present in Rovinj before the census, implying 
established local families rather than recent immigrants. To accurately determine the 
time of arrival and the duration of a family’s status as newcomers, cross-referencing 
multiple historical sources is necessary. The recorded surnames reveal a diverse and 
complex picture of migration, with many families having origins from various regions.
Titles were recorded for only 18.7% of household heads nevertheless the variety 
of recorded titles indicates a hierarchical structure and differentiation in social status 
among the population. Members of councilor families often held titles like meser/miser, 
signifying their higher social standing. Titles were not exclusive to councilor families 
but were also given to respected and wealthy citizens, indicating that social status and 
economic power could grant similar recognition.
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During the census period fourteen councilor families existed in Rovinj but the 
census does not include the Leonardis family. The average number of councilor family 
members in the observed period was five. The largest kinship group was Sponza, which 
had 38 families and 182 members.
Male household heads had a wider range of names (73) compared to female heads 
(44), likely due to the smaller number of female household heads. Common male 
names included Domenego, Zuanne, and Francesco, which were linked to about a third 
of male heads, while Eufemia, Catarina, Domenega, and Antonia were prevalent among 
female heads.
Although the analyzed census contains numerous shortcomings, the data it contains 
enable the observation of certain tendencies in terms of migration routes, population 
structures, but also the size and composition of households as well as the economic 
orientation of the population, which will be analyzed in a subsequent paper.
Fig. 1: Census of Rovinj from 1595/6, pp. 22–23 (DARI, Census 1595/6, b. 1).
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IZVOR PREBIVALCEV IN DRUŽINE SVETNIKOV
PO POPISU PREBIVALSTVA ROVINJA IZ LET 1595/1596
Marija MOGOROVIĆ CRLJENKO
Univerza Jurja Dobrile v Pulju, Fakulteta za humanistične znanosti, Aldo Negri 6, 
52100 Pulj, Hrvaška
e-mail: mmogorov@unipu.hr
Danijela DOBLANOVIĆ ŠURAN
Univerza Jurja Dobrile v Pulju, Fakulteta za humanistične znanosti, Aldo Negri 6, 
52100 Pulj, Hrvaška
e-mail: ddoblanovic@unipu.hr
POVZETEK
V zgodnjem novem veku je imel Rovinj bolj zdrav zrak v primerjavi z mnogimi 
drugimi istrskimi obalnimi občinami, kar je privedlo do bistveno večjega števila 
prebivalcev kot v krajih, kot sta Pulj ali Poreč. Njegova strateška lega in stalne 
povezave z Benetkami so privabile številne naseljence, kar potrjuje prvi znani popis 
prebivalstva Rovinja iz let 1595/6. Ta članek opisuje popis, proučuje metodo in čas 
štetja, ocenjuje točnost in zanesljivost podatkov ter analizira izvor prebivalstva na 
podlagi priimkov in vzdevkov, nazivov glav gospodinjstev, družin svetnikov in imen 
glav gospodinjstev. Analiza popisa je pokazala, da se je popis izvajal v daljšem 
časovnem obdobju (več mesecev) in da vanj ni bil vključen manjši del prebivalstva 
(npr. duhovščina). Skoraj tretjina priimkov in vzdevkov kaže na izvor nosilca iz 
bližnjih in bolj oddaljenih regij. Zapisovanje nazivov v rovinjski popis je bilo 
očitno nepopolno in nedosledno, zato le na podlagi popisa ni mogoče konkretneje 
sklepati o družbeni stratifikaciji. V popisu niso navedeni poklici posameznih glav 
gospodinjstev, zato ni mogoče ugotoviti, koliko družin se je ukvarjalo s specifičnim 
delom, pomorstvom ali trgovino. Vendar pa lahko na podlagi priimkov, ki so bili 
v tistem obdobju še v fazi oblikovanja, identificiramo tiste, povezane s svetniškimi 
družinami. V obdobju popisa je obstajalo štirinajst takih družin, vendar popis 
ne vključuje družine Leonardis. Analizirali smo tudi družine svetnikov glede na 
njihovo število. Najštevilčnejši rodbini sta bili Sponza in De Vescovi, demografsko 
najbolj ogrožene, torej tiste z najmanjšim številom članov, pa so bile Bello, Caluzzi, 
Basilisco in Brionese.
Ključne besede: Rovinj, Istra, popis prebivalstva 1595/1596, prebivalstvo
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APPENDICES
Year Married Died Baptized
1590 3 74 74
1591 0 124 66
1592 15 81 68
1593 8 44 69
1594 8 60 76
1595 3 49 44
1596 11 190 27
1597 14 64 68
1598 20 46 20
1599 17 112 64
1600 10 60 32
109 904 608
Table 1: Number of baptisms, marriages and deaths according to registers. The numbers 
of baptisms, marriages and deaths are listed according to Mogorović Crljenko and 
Doblanović (2015, 249). In this table, however, the number of baptisms in 1597, which 
was mistakenly stated as 8 instead of 68 in the aforementioned work, has been corrected.
Table 2: Households of town council member surnames according to the 1595/6 census. 
It should be noted there that it is impossible to ascertain which of the numerous Sponza 
or De Vescovi households were or were not councilor families.
KIN HOUSEHOLDERS TITLE NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS ANIMALS
Family Support staff
BASILISCO (1) Zambattista miser 15 3 fanti 1 horse
BELLO (2)
Iacomo miser 5 None
Zan Antonio 5 None 
BICHIACHI (3)
Zuanne ser 4 1 fameglio 1 horse, 4 male bovines
Lorenzo ser 5 None
Helena, widow donna 3 None 
BRIONESE (1) Francesco ser 5 None
BURLA (3)
Geronimo ser 5 None
Francesco ser 9 1 horse and 2 donkeys
Francesco ser 1 None
CAENAZZO (8)
Agnesina, ved. q. Pietro donna 5 1 fameglio 1 horse, 2 male bovines
Domenego ser 4 2 horses
Tomasin de ser Piero ser 6 None 
Tomaso 8 1 horse and 70 cows
Tomasin q. Domenego 8 None
Euffemia r.q. Tomasin donna 6 None 
Domenego q. Mattio 5 None
Piero ser 5 None 
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CALUZZI (2)
Iani 7 None
Manolli miser 10 None 
 VESCOVI (de, 
di) (22)
Antonio de Michalin 4 2 male bovines
Cattarina q. Francesco 5 None
Domenego q. Bortolo 6 None 
Domenego q. Piero 3 None
Domenego q. Piero 3 None 
Domenego q. Tomasin 6 2 male bovines 
Domenico di ser Mattio 5 None
Francesco 3 None 
Gabriel q. Domenico 3 None
Gabriel q. Piero ser 7 1 masara 1 horse, 2 male bovines
Iacomo 6 2 mares, 3 male bovines
Iusto 4 None
Marieta r.q. Nicolo donna 3 2 male bovines
Mattio 4 None
Mattio q. Michalin 2 None 
Mattio q. Zuanne 5 1 horse, 2 male bovines
Michelin ser 6 2 horses, 2 male bovines
Nicolo de ser Mattio 3 None
Piero q. Domenigo 5 None 
widow (daughter od 
Gabriel) 3 None
Zuanne q. Piero 5 1 fameglio 2 male bovines
Zuanne q. Piero 4 None
Iotta (8)
Piero 5 None 
Zuanne 3 None
Piero q. ser Domenego 9 4 fameglio’s 2 horses, 2 male bovines and 520 heads of small livestock
Zuanne q. Piero ser 5 None 
Francesco de ser Mattio 6 1 donkey
Nicolo ser 5 1 horse and male bovines, 70 heads of small livestock
Mattio 2 None
Domenego 1 None
Pesce (3)
Preto 4 None
Piero 2 None
Piero 1 None
Quarantotto (6)
Francesco 10 None
Bernardin 5 None
Francesco 5 None
Iacomo 7 1 donkey
Iacoma 2 None
Domenego ser 7 None
Segalla (8)
Andrea 5 None
Domenego q. Michelin 6 2 donkeys, 12 sheep
Martin 8 None
Iacomo 6 None
Cristofolo 5 2 bulls
Martin ser 6 None
Zuanne 2 None
Domenego 5 2 oxen, 60 cows, 100 sheep
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SPONZA (38)
Paula r.q. Biasio donna 2
Antonio q. Biasio miser 8 1 horse
Christofooro q. Biasio ser 7 1 fameglio 1 horse and 1 male bovine
Nicolo q. Gabriel 9 1 fameglio 1 male bovine
Cristofolo q. Francesco 6 1 fameglio 1 horse and 2 male bovines
Giusto miser 6 1 massara 2 male bovines
Zan Andrea q. Francesco 8 None
Mattio q. Francesco 9 2 male bovines 
Francesco q. Domenego 3 None
Francesco q. Michelin 6 None
Vendrame 5 2 horses and 4 male bovines
Simon q. Domenego 3 1 horse and 2 male bovines 
Mattio, ser q. Zuanne 6 None
Nicoleto q. Michalin ser 5 None
Francesco q. Cristofolo 3 2 male bovines 
Bortolo 4 None
Polo 8 1 donkey
Nadalin ser 6 4 large animals
Andrea q. Michelin 6 None
Nicolò de ser Simon 5 None
Nicoletto ser 4 1 horse and 2 male bovines 
Benetto 5 None
Iseppo ser 8 None
Simon q. Nicolo 1 None
Valerio q. Domenego 6 None
Antonio q. Francesco 5 None
Marco Antonio 5 None
Zuanne q. Domenego 3 1 male bovine
Hieronimo 1 None
Zuanne q. D. 2 None
Zuanne q. Zan Andrea 4 None
Andrea q. Benetto 3 None
Maria q. Zan Michiel 3 None
Margareta q. Piero donna 4 None
Mattia q. Zan Michiel 5 None
Zan Andrea 3 None
Perina q. Domenego donna 1 None
Francesco di ser 
Vendrame 4 1 horse and 2 male bovines
520 15
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Table 3: Names of household heads.
Male No. Female No.
Domenego 52 Eufemia / Fumia 10
Zuanne/ Zannetto 41 Cattarina 8
Francesco 38 Domenega / Meneghina 7
Piero 25 Antonia 7
Nicolo 23 Helena / Elena 6
Iacomo 22 Maria / Matieta 4
Antonio/ Tonello 21 Zannetta / Zanna 4
Mattio 18 Martina 4
Andrea/ Iadre 15 Bernardina 3
Simon 13 Francesca / Franceschina 3
Iseppo 12 Mattia 3
Bortolo 10 Nicolosa 3
Michelin/Michel 10 Agnesina 2
Tomasin 10 Iacoma 2
Biasio 8 Malgarita 2
Zorzi 8 Pasca/Pasqua 2
Bernardin 7 Agata 1
Bastian 5 Alegra 1
Gregor/Gregorio 5 Alessandra 1
Nicoleto 5 Anastasia 1
Tomaso 5 Benetta 1
Marco 4 Benvenuta 1
Pascalin 4 Betta 1
Stefano 4 Bortola 1
Geronimo / Hieronimo 4 Chiaria 1
Angelo/Anzolo 3 Colosa 1
Cristofolo 3 Diana 1
Fior/Fiorio/Florio 3 Ena 1
Lorenzo 3 Filippa 1
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Vicenzo 3 Glenia 1
Zan Andrea 3 Hieronima 1
Astolfo 2 Iulia 1
Benetto 2 Iustina 1
Gabriel 2 Laura 1
Luca 2 Lena 1
Martin 2 Lucia 1
Nadalin 2 Madalena 1
Pollo 2 Orsa 1
Preto 2 Paula 1
Vettor 2 Perina 1
Vicico 2 Reghina 1
Vido 2 Rosa 1
Alessandro 1 Stella 1
Baldisera 1 Tomasina 1
Battista 1 Not mentioned 1
Cesaro 1 99
Charlo 1
Chirin 1
Constantin 1
Daniel 1
Dorligo 1
Filippo 1
Giusto 1
Hercole 1
Iani 1
Iusto 1
Lonardo/Lunardo 2
Manolli 1
Marco Antonio 1
Marin 1
Paulo 1
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Pelegrin 1
Rigo 1
Santo 1
Sfetina 1
Tadio 1
Tiberio 1
Tofol 1
Valerio 1
Vendrame 1
Zambattista 1
Zan Antonio 1
440
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