PRIRODOSLOVNI MUZEJ SLOVENIJE	MUSEUM HISTORIAE NATURALIS SLOVENIAE
Revija Prirodoslovnega muzeja Slovenije
Journal of the Slovenian Museum of Natural History
CODEN SCPLEK - ISSN 0351-0077
«CUPUL1A
88
SCOPOLIA 88/2016
Glasilo Prirodoslovnega muzeja Slovenije, Ljubljana / Journal of the Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Ljubljana
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Natisnjeno / Printed: oktober / October, 2016
Naslovnica / Front cover:
Zlate ose vrste Chrysura cuprea odlagajo jajčeca v gnezda čebel, ki gnezdijo v polžjih hišicah. / Cuckoo wasps Chrysura cuprea lay eggs in the nests of bees breeding in snail shells. Foto / Photo: Andrej GOGALA
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Revija je v podatkovnih bazah / Journal is covered by : COBIB, BIOSIS Previews, Referativnyi Zhurnal, Zoological Record, Abstract of Mycology
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
SCOPOLIA No 88: 1-78 (2016)
Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Andrej GOGALA1
UDK(UDC)595.79(497.4)
Izvleček
Zlate ose (Chrysididae) so parazitoidi ali kleptoparaziti drugih kožekrilcev. Podan je prvi seznam zlatih os Slovenije, pripravljen na podlagi primerkov v muzejskih zbirkah Prirodoslovne-ga muzeja Slovenije in Notranjskega muzeja Postojna, objavljenih podatkov ter v nekaj primerih tudi fotografij. Tri vrste so bile opazovane pri gnezdih možnih gostiteljev. Navedenih je 84 vrst zlatih os, najdenih na ozemlju Slovenije. Vrsta Cleptes putoni Buysson je bila za Slovenijo v preteklosti zabeležena pomotoma.
Ključne besede: Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, favna, Slovenija
Abstract
Cuckoo wasps (Chrysididae) are parasitoids or cleptoparasites of other hymenopterans. The first list of cuckoo wasps of Slovenia is presented herewith, prepared on the basis of specimens in museum collections of the Slovenian Museum of Natural History and the Notranjska Museum Postojna, published records and, in a few cases, photographs. Three species were observed at the nest of possible hosts. 84 species of cuckoo wasps have been found in the territory of Slovenia. The species Cleptes putoni Buysson had been erroneously attributed to Slovenia in the past.
Key words: Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, fauna, Slovenia
1 Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije, Prešernova 20, p.p. 290, SI-1001 Ljubljana; agogala@pms-lj.si
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Vsebina / Contents
Uvod / Introduction...............................................................6
Material in metode / Materials and methods......................................7
Biologija / Biology................................................................9
Seznam vrst / List of species.....................................................12
Cleptinae
Cleptes Latreille, 1802
Cleptes nitidulus group
Cleptes nitidulus (Fabricius, 1793)............................................. 12
Cleptes scutellaris Mocsary, 1889 .............................................. 12
Cleptes splendidus (Fabricius, 1794)............................................ 12
Cleptes semiauratus group
Cleptes semiauratus (Linnaeus, 1761)...........................................13
Cleptes striatipleuris Rosa, Forshage, Paukkunen & Soon, 2015......................13
Chrysidinae
Elampini
Omalus Panzer, 1801
Omalus aeneus (Fabricius, 1787)............................................... 14
Omalus biaccinctus (du Buysson, 1892)......................................... 14
Omalus puncticollis (Mocsary, 1887)........................................... 15
Pseudomalus Ashmead, 1902
Pseudomalus auratus (Linnaeus, 1758).......................................... 15
Pseudomalus pusillus (Fabricius, 1804)......................................... 15
Elampus Spinola, 1806
Elampus constrictus (Förster, 1853)............................................ 18
Holopyga Dahlbom, 1845
Holopyga fervida group
Holopyga fervida (Fabricius, 1781).............................................18
Holopyga lucida group
Holopyga austrialis Linsenmaier, 1959.......................................... 19
Holopyga chrysonota (Förster, 1853)............................................ 19
Holopyga generosa (Förster, 1853).............................................21
Holopyga ignicollis Dahlbom, 1854.............................................21
Holopyga inflammata (Förster, 1853)...........................................22
Holopyga jurinei Chevrier, 1862 ...............................................22
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Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Hedychrum Latreille, 1802
Hedychrum gerstaeckeri Chevrier, 1869.........................................22
Hedychrum niemelai Linsenmaier, 1959.........................................24
Hedychrum nobile (Scopoli, 1763)..............................................24
Hedychrum rutilans Dahlbom, 1854 ............................................24
Hedychridium Abeille de Perrin, 1878
Hedychridium ardens group
Hedychridium ardens (Coquebert, 1801).........................................26
Hedychridium coriaceum (Dahlbom, 1854)......................................26
Hedychridium femoratum (Dahlbom, 1854)......................................26
Hedychridium jucundum Mocsary, 1889 ........................................29
Hedychridium krajniki Balthasar, 1946 .........................................29
Hedychridium zelleri (Dahlbom, 1845)..........................................29
Hedychridium roseum group
Hedychridium caputaureum Trautmann & Trautmann, 1919.........................29
Hedychridium roseum (Rossi, 1790)............................................30
Hedychridium valesiense Linsenmaier, 1959 .....................................30
Chrysidini
Chrysura Dahlbom, 1845
Chrysura candens group
Chrysura candens (Germar, 1817)..............................................34
Chrysura austriaca group
Chrysura ignifrons Brullé, 1833 ............................................... 35
Chrysura cuprea group
Chrysura cuprea (Rossi, 1790)................................................36
Chrysura dichroa group
Chrysura dichroa (Dahlbom, 1854)............................................. 37
Chrysurafiliformis (Mocsary, 1889)............................................ 37
Chrysura laevigata (Abeille, 1879)............................................. 39
Chrysura radians group
Chrysura radians (Harris, 1776)...............................................40
Chrysura refulgens (Spinola, 1806).............................................40
Chrysura trimaculata (Förster, 1853)...........................................40
Trichrysis Lichtenstein, 1876
Trichrysis cyanea (Linnaeus, 1758).............................................42
Chrysis Linnaeus, 1761
Chrysis varidens group
Chrysis gracillima Förster, 1853 ...............................................43
Chrysis jucunda Mocsary, 1889................................................44
Chrysis ragusae De Stefani, 1888 ..............................................44
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Chrysis subsinuata group
Chrysis subsinuata Marquet, 1879..............................................46
Chrysis succincta group
Chrysis auriceps Mader, 1936 .................................................46
Chrysis germari Wesmael, 1839................................................46
Chrysis illigeri Wesmael, 1839.................................................46
Chrysis leachii Shuckard, 1837 ................................................47
Chrysis pulchella group
Chrysis calimorpha Mocsáry, 1882 .............................................49
Chrysis pulchella Spinola, 1808................................................49
Chrysis aestiva group
Chrysis interjecta Buysson, 1895...............................................50
Chrysis comparata group
Chrysis analis Spinola, 1808 .................................................. 51
Chrysis chrysostigma Mocsáry, 1889 ........................................... 51
Chrysis comparata Lepeletier, 1806 ............................................ 52
Chrysis marginata Mocsáry, 1889.............................................. 52
Chrysis scutellaris Fabricius, 1794 ............................................. 53
Chrysis splendidula group
Chrysis rutilans Olivier, 1790 ................................................. 55
Chrysis viridula group
Chrysis cingulicornis Förster, 1853 ............................................. 56
Chrysis viridula Linnaeus, 1761................................................56
Chrysis inaequalis group
Chrysis inaequalis Dahlbom, 1845 ............................................. 57
Chrysis graelsii group
Chrysis graelsii Guérin, 1842 ................................................. 58
Chrysis ignita group
Chrysis angustula Schenck, 1856 .............................................. 59
Chrysis clarinicollis Linsenmaier, 1951 .........................................59
Chrysis corusca Valkeila, 1971................................................61
Chrysis fulgida Linnaeus, 1761................................................61
Chrysis ignita Linnaeus, 1758 ................................................. 61
Chrysis impressa Schenck, 1856 ............................................... 61
Chrysis indigotea Dufour-Perris, 1840 ..........................................62
Chrysis mediata Linsenmaier, 1951.............................................63
Chrysis obtusidens Dufour & Perris, 1840 .......................................63
Chrysis pseudobrevitarsis Linsenmaier, 1951.....................................64
Chrysis ruddii Shuckart, 1837 .................................................64
Chrysis rutiliventris Abeille, 1879..............................................65
Chrysis schencki Linsenmaier, 1968 ............................................65
Chrysis solida Haupt, 1956....................................................67
Chrysis subcoriacea Linsenmaier, 1959 .........................................67
Chrysis terminata Dahlbom, 1854..............................................68
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Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Spintharina Semenov, 1892
Spintharina versicolor (Spinola, 1808)..........................................69
Pseudospinolia Linsenmaier, 1951
Pseudospinolia neglecta (Shuckard, 1837).......................................70
Spinolia Dahlbom, 1854
Spinolia dallatorreana (Mocsary, 1896).........................................71
Spinolia lamprosoma (Förster, 1853)............................................71
Stilbum Spinola, 1806
Stilbum calens Fabricius, 1781.................................................72
Stilbum cyanurum (Forster, 1771)..............................................73
Vrsta umaknjena s seznama / Species omitted from the list......................75
Cleptes putoni Buysson, 1886
Zaključki / Conclusions..........................................................76
Zahvale / Acknowledgements....................................................76
Literatura / References..........................................................77
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Uvod
Zlate ose (Chrysididae) so zaradi značilnih svetlečih se strukturnih barv, od modre in zelene do rdeče, bakrene in zlate, med najlepšimi kožekrilci. Njihove ličinke so parazitoidi ali kleptoparaziti v gnezdih drugih želatih kožekrilcev, kokonih rastlinskih os ali metuljev iz družine Limacodidae. Zlate ose najpogosteje najdemo na krajih, kjer gnezdijo njihovi gostitelji. To je lahko star odmrl les ali tla, v katerih so gnezdilni rovi gostiteljskih vrst. Populacije zlatih os so odvisne od številčnosti in stalnosti populacij njihovih gostiteljev, ti pa v zadnjih desetletjih pospešeno izginjajo iz naše narave. Vedno manj je namreč cvetočih travniških združb, ki se bodisi zaraščajo z gozdom bodisi intenzivno obdelujejo ali urbanizirajo. Ose in čebele s tem izgubljajo vire hrane, težje pa najdejo tudi primerne kraje za gnezdenje. Muzejske zbirke so dragoceni vir podatkov o favni, ki izginja. Popis vrst, ki so živele v času večje raznovrstnosti, nam daje vpogled v nekdanje stanje življenjskih združb.
V literaturi ni veliko objavljenih podatkov o zlatih osah v Sloveniji. Ioannes Antonius ScoPOLije v svoje delo Entomologia Carniolica (1763) vključil tri vrste zlatih os, Linnéjevo Chrysis ignita in dve vrsti, ki ju je sam opisal, Hedychrum nobile in Pseudomalus violaceus. Vse tri je Scopoli vključil v rod Sphex. Ker se njegova zbirka ni ohranila, ne moremo preveriti, ali je današnja interpretacija njegovih vrst pravilna. Sphex nobilis bi bil lahko tudi Hedychrum niemelai, Sphex violacea pa po skopem opisu katera izmed vrst rodu Omalus. Le za to vrsto Scopoli navaja kraj najdbe, okolico Trsta. Na Krasu, torej v okolici Trsta, sta bili najdeni vrsti Omalus aeneus in Omalus biaccinctus, vrsta Pseudomalus violaceus pa ni znana iz Slovenije. Gràffe (1895) je objavil seznam zlatih os Trsta in njegove okolice, a vsa omenjena najdišča so na italijanski strani meje. Podatke iz zbirke Hrvaškega narodnega zoološkega muzeja v Zagrebu je leta 1955 objavil Vatroslav Vogrin. V tej zbirki so primerki A. Tauberta in E. Jaegra, objavil pa je tudi podatke iz zbirke A. Hentscha iz Krapine, ki je bila v lasti Zavoda za zaštitu bilja v
Introduction
Cuckoo wasps (Chrysididae) are among the most beautiful hymenopterans due to their characteristic glittering structural colours, from blue and green to red, copper and gold. Their larvae are parasitoids or cleptoparasites in the nests of other aculeate hymenopterans, cocoons of saw-flies or Limacodid moths. Cuckoo wasps can most often be found in places where their hosts nest. These can be old dead wood or ground where nest burrows are situated. Populations of cuckoo wasps are dependent on the abundance and continuity of their host populations. These, however, have been rapidly disappearing from our nature in the last few decades. Blooming grassland communities are either overgrown with trees, intensively farmed or urbanized. Wasps and bees are thereby losing food sources and can hardly find suitable places for nesting. Museum collections are a source of information about the disappearing fauna, and the census of the species, which lived at the time of greater diversity, gives us an insight into the former state of biotic communities.
In the literature, not much data published on cuckoo wasps in Slovenia can be found. Ioannes Antonius Scopoli included three species of cuckoo wasps in his work Entomologia Carniolica (1763), Linne's Chrysis ignita and two species described by himself, i.e. Hed-ychrum nobile and Pseudomalus violaceus. Scopoli included all three species in the genus Sphex. Since his collection is lost, we cannot verify whether today's interpretation of his species is correct. Sphex nobilis could also be Hedychrum niemelai, and Sphex violacea, according to the brief description, a species of the genus Omalus. Only for this species Scopoli stated the finding place, the surroundings of Trieste. In the Karst, therefore near Trieste, Omalus aeneus and Omalus biaccinctus were found, while Pseudomalus violaceus is not known from Slovenia. Graffe (1895) published a list of Chrisidids of Trieste and its surroundings, but all localities mentioned are located on the Italian side of the border. Data from the collection of the Cro. Nation. Zool. Museum in Zagreb were published by Vatroslav Vogrin in 1955. In
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Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Zagrebu. V Prirodoslovnem muzeju Slovenije v Ljubljani hranijo zbirko Evgena Jaegra, v kateri so tudi primerki A. Tauberta iz Subotice, ki je nekaj primerkov zbral v slovenskih Alpah. Dr. Evgen Jaeger (1892-1959) je lovil predvsem v okolici Podčetrtka, kjer je bil zdravnik. Drugi večji vir podatkov je moja lastna zbirka, v kateri so predvsem primerki iz okolice Ljubljane in s Krasa, večinoma zbrani v devetdesetih letih. Tretji vir so primerki iz zbirke Slavka Polaka iz Notranjskega muzeja v Postojni. Nekaj primerkov so zbrali še Mate Hafner, Savo Brelih, Vincenc Furlan in Stanislav Gomboc. Fauna Europaea (Rosa in Soon 2012) našteva 30 vrst za Slovenijo, večinoma na podlagi primerkov v Linsenma-ieijevi zbirki, ki jo hranijo v Natur-Museumu v Luzernu (NMLS) (Rosa, Bernasconi & Wyniger 2015). Natančne podatke o teh primerkih je prijazno posredoval Paolo Rosa in so objavljeni v tem prispevku. Primerki štirih vrst so shranjeni v Museo Civico di Storia Naturale v Milanu (Rosa 2005). Wisniowski (2015) je pojavljanje 14 vrst v Sloveniji povzel po spletni bazi Fauna Europaea.
Material in metode
Za pripravo prvega seznama zlatih os, najdenih v Sloveniji, sem zbral objavljene podatke in pregledal zbirko Evgena Jaegra, osrednjo zbirko kožekrilcev v Prirodoslovnem muzeju Slovenije (obe zbirki Prirodoslov-nega muzeja Slovenije v Ljubljani, PMSL) in primerke iz zbirke Slavka Polaka (Notranjski muzej Postojna, NMPO). Primerki niso bili določeni, ali pa je bilo treba določitev preveriti, saj so bile v zadnjih letih narejene revizije mnogih skupin vrst. Izšli so tudi boljši določevalni ključi, ki pa so večinoma geografsko omejeni in ne vključujejo vseh
this collection, specimens of A. Taubert and E. Jaeger are present, and he also published data from the collection of A. Hentsch from Krapina, which was owned by the Institute for the Protection of Plants in Zagreb. The Natural History Museum of Slovenia in Ljubljana keeps a collection of Evgen Jaeger, which also contains specimens collected by A. Taubert from Sub-otica, among others a few specimens collected in the Slovenian Alps. Dr Evgen Jaeger (1892 - 1959) was collecting primarily in the area of Podčetrtek, where he worked as physician. The second major source of information is my own collection, consisting mainly of specimens from the surroundings of Ljubljana and the Kras (Karst), mostly collected in the 1990s. The third source of data are specimens from the collection of Slavko Polak from the Notranjska Museum in Postojna. Some specimens were collected also by Mate Hafner, Savo Brelih, Vincenc Furlan and Stanislav Gomboc. 30 species were listed for Slovenia in Fauna Europaea (Rosa & Soon 2012), based primarily on specimens in the Lin-senmaier collection, kept in the Natur-Museum Luzern (NMLS) (Rosa, Bernasconi & Wyniger 2015). Precise data on these specimens were kindly provided by Paolo Rosa and are published herewith. Specimens of four species are deposited in the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano (Rosa 2005). Wisniowski (2015) indicated the presence of 14 species in Slovenia from the online database Fauna Europaea.
Materials and methods
For the preparation of the first list of cuckoo wasps found in Slovenia, I have collected the published data and examined the collection of Evgen Jaeger, the central Hymenoptera collection of the Natural History Museum of Slovenia (both collections of the Slovenian Museum of Natural History in Ljubljana, PMSL) and specimens from the collection of Slavko Polak (Notranjska Museum Postojna, NMPO). Specimens were not determined yet or it was necessary to check the determinations, as revisions of many groups of species were done in recent years. Better identification keys were published,
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možnih vrst (npr. Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015). Rodovna in višja klasifikacija, vključno s skupinami vrst, sledi delu avtorjev Kimsey in Bohart (1991). V tem delu so določevalni ključi do skupin vrst. Za mnoge skupine je primerna določevalna literatura še vedno Linsenmaier (1959), za posamezne rodove pa tudi Moczar (1964, 1997, 1998), Arens (2001, 2004, 2010) in druga. Primerki so suhi, nalepljeni na listke ali na iglah. Če so bile za določitev potrebne genitalije, so bile izvlečene in prilepljene na listek. Posamezne primerke vrst sem fotografiral in objavljene fotografije izboljšujejo predstavitev skupine. Kraji, kjer so bili primerki zbrani, so v petih fi-togeografskih območjih Slovenije (slika 1). Na nekaterih listkih podatki o lokaliteti vključujejo koordinate polja velikosti 10 x 10 km v mreži
but are mostly geographically limited and do not include all possible species (e.g. Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015). Generic and higher classification with the groups of species follows Kimsey & Bohart (1991). In this work, the identification keys to the species groups are provided. For many groups, the usable determination literature is still Linsenmaier (1959), for individual genera also Moczar (1964, 1997, 1998), Arens (2001, 2004, 2010) and others. Specimens are dried, glued onto cards or on the needles. When genitalia were needed for identification, they were extracted and glued onto a card. Individual specimens of most species were photographed to improve the presentation of the group. Places where the specimens were collected are located in five phytogeographical regions of Slovenia (Fig. 1). On some labels, data on locality include
Slika 1: Kraji, kjer so bili zbrani primerki zlatih os (Chrysididae) v Sloveniji, ležijo v petih fitogeografskih območjih. Barva oznak najdišč v submediteranskem območju je rdeča, v dinarskem območju oranžna, v predalpskem zelena, v alpskem vijolična in v subpanonskem območju modra.
Fig. 1: Places where cuckoo wasp (Chrysididae) specimens were collected in Slovenia are located in five phytogeographical regions. Sites in the sub-Mediterranean region are marked in red, the Dinaric region in orange, the pre-Alpine region in green, the Alpine region in violet and in the sub-Pannonian region in blue.
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Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
UTM. E. Jaegerje pri svojih primerkih najdišča žal označil le s kraticami. O njihovem pomenu lahko v mnogih primerih le ugibamo.
Biologija
Poznana je biologija le manjšega dela vrst zlatih os in še ta je večinoma omejena na poznavanje gostiteljev. Tudi ti podatki so pogosto dvomljivi, saj pojavljanje vrste ob gnezdu možnega gostitelja ni vedno dokaz njune povezanosti. Pogosto gnezdi tesno skupaj tudi več različnih vrst. Zlate ose so zajedavci, ki večinoma povzročijo smrt svojega gostitelja. Imenujemo jih parazitoidi. Nekatere ličinke zlatih os poleg ličinke gostitelja pojedo tudi pripravljeno zalogo hrane v gnezdu in so tako tudi kleptoparaziti. Predstavnice poddružine Cleptinae zajedajo dorasle ličinke rastlinskih os grizlic in listaric (Diprionidae in Tenthre-dinidae). Njihove kokone iščejo med odpadlim listjem ali rahlo prstjo na tleh, zato jih je težko najti. V kokon zgrizejo luknjo in odložijo jajčece. Vrste iz poddružin Amiseginae in Lo-boscelidiinae, ki v Evropi ne živijo, zajedajo jajca paličnjakov (Phasmatidae). Predstavnice najštevilčnejše poddružine Chrysidinae pa
coordinates of a 10 x 10 km field in the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid. E. Jaeger labelled localities of his specimens, unfortunately, only with the initials. Their meaning can thus only be guessed in many cases.
Biology
Biology of only a small portion of cuckoo wasp species is known, and even this is mostly limited to the knowledge of the host. These data are often questionable, since the occurrence of the species near a nest of the potential host is not always evidence of their relationship. Quite often, several different species nest close together. Cuckoo wasps are parasites that usually cause the death of their hosts and are called parasitoids. Some cuckoo wasp larvae eat the provisions in the nest in addition to the host larva and are, therefore, cleptoparasites as well. Representatives of the subfamily Cleptinae parasitise grown larvae of the sawflies (Diprionidae and Tenthredi-nidae). They search for their cocoons among fallen leaves or in loose soil on the ground, so they are hard to find. They gnaw a hole through the cocoon and lay an egg in it. Species of the subfamilies Amiseginae and Loboscelidiinae that do not live in Europe, parasitise eggs of the
Slika 2: Levo zlata osa Chrysura laevigata, desno rdečedlaka dišavka (Osmia rufohirta) v svojem gnezdu, hišici polža Pomatias elegans. Brje pri Komnu, julija 1989.
Fig. 2: Left: cuckoo wasp Chrysura laevigata; right: Osmia rufohirta bee in its nest, Pomatias elegans snail shell. Brje pri Komnu, July 1989.
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Slika 3: Levo zlata osa vrste Chrysura refulgens, desno samec čebele smolarke (Rhodanthidium septemdentatum) v polžji hišici iz rodu Cepaea. Brje pri Komnu, junija 1992.
Fig. 3: Left: cuckoo wasp Chrysura refulgens; right: Rhodanthidium septemdentatum bee male in Cepaea snail shell. Brje pri Komnu, June 1992.
so zajedavci v gnezdih samotarsko živečih želatih os in čebel iz družin Vespidae (ose lončarke - Eumeninae in medene ose -Masarinae), Crabronidae (ose grebače) in Megachilidae (čebele znoske). Ti gostitelji se lahko branijo z želom, vendar so zlate ose dobro zaščitene s trdnim hitinskim skeletom na hrbtu. V nevarnosti se zvijejo v kroglico in z zadkom pokrijejo občutljive predele okrog nog in opne med členki. Jajčece odložijo na ličinko gostiteljice ali kamorkoli v gnezdu. Ličinka zlate ose lahko napade ličinko gostiteljice šele tedaj, ko ta doraste, ali pa jo napade takoj in se nato prehranjuje tudi s pripravljeno zalogo hrane, ujetimi žuželkami, pajki ali mešanico peloda in medičine (Kimsey in Bohart 1991). Samice vrst Omalus aeneus, O. biaccinctus in Pseudomalus auratus odlagajo jajčeca v žive listne uši, preden jih gostitelji odnesejo v svoja gnezda, in v gnezda gostiteljev ne vstopajo (Paukkunen et al. 2015).
Sam sem opazoval nekaj vrst zlatih os ob gnezdih njihovih gostiteljev. To ni nedvomen dokaz o identiteti gostitelja, a če potrjuje že objavljene ugotovitve, je dodaten dokaz o njihovi pravilnosti. Ob gnezdu čebele rdečedlake dišavke (Osmia rufohirta) v prazni polžji hišici vrste Pomatias elegans sem opazoval zlato oso vrste Chrysura laevigata.
walking sticks (Phasmatidae). Representatives of the most numerous subfamily Chrysidinae are parasites in the nests of solitary aculeate wasps and bees of the families Vespidae (potter wasps - Eumeninae and honey wasps -Masarinae), Crabronidae and Megachilidae. These hosts may defend themselves with a sting, but cuckoo wasps are well protected with a hard chitin skeleton on the back. In danger they roll into a ball and cover sensitive areas around their legs and intersegmental membranes with the abdomen. Egg is deposited on the host larva or anywhere in the nest. Cuckoo wasp larva can attack the host larva only when it grows up, or attacks it immediately and then consumes its food provisions, the captured insects, spiders, or a mixture of pollen and nectar (Kimsey & Bohart 1991). Omalus aeneus, O. biaccinctus and Pseudomalus auratus females lay eggs in the living aphids before the host wasps take them to their nests and do not enter the nests of their hosts (Paukkunen et al. 2015).
I've observed some species of cuckoo wasps at the nests of their hosts. This is not an undeniable proof of the identity of the host, but if it confirms the already published findings, it is a further proof of their accuracy. At the nest of the bee Osmia rufohirta in an empty snail shell of Pomatias elegans, I observed cuckoo
10
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 4: Levo zlata osa vrste Chrysis terminata, desno osa zidarka (Ancistrocerus nigricornis) z blatom za gradnjo pri vhodu v svoje gnezdo. Brje pri Komnu, maja 1989.
Fig. 4: Left: cuckoo wasp Chrysis terminata; right: Ancistrocerus nigricornis potter wasp with mud for construction at the entrance to its nest. Brje pri Komnu, May 1989.
Vrsto Chrysura refulgens sem opazoval pri gnezdu čebele smolarke vrste Rhodanthidi-um septemdentatum, vrsto Chrysis terminata pa ob gnezdu ose zidarke vrste Ancistrocerus nigricornis, ki gnezdi v rovih v odmrlem lesu.
wasp Chrysura laevigata. I observed Chrysura refulgens at the nest of Rhodanthidium septemdentatum bee and Chrysis terminata at the nest of Ancistrocerus nigricornis that nests in larval galleries in dead wood.
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Seznam vrst / List of species
Cleptinae
Cleptes Latreille, 1802 Cleptes nitidulus group
Cleptes nitidulus (Fabricius, 1793) Sorško polje, 9. 8. 1931, 1?, M. Hafner leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Aneugmenus sp., ki živi na praproti (Arens 2014), Caliroa cerasi (Morgan 1984), Nematus ribesii (Kimsey & Bohart 1991) (Tenthredinidae) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v predalpskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Aneugmenus sp. living on ferns (Arens 2014), Caliroa cerasi (Morgan 1984), Nematus ribesii (Kimsey & Bohart 1991) (Tenthredinidae) Palaearctic species. Collected in the pre-Alpine region of Slovenia.
Cleptes scutellaris Mocsary, 1889 Moczar 1997: Piran, J. Heinrich leg. Rosa & Soon, 2012: Slovenia
Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Cleptes splendidus (Fabricius, 1794)
Cleptes consimilis Buysson, 1887
Moczar 1997: Portorož, J. Heinrich leg. (pomotoma pripisano Hrvaški / erroneously attributed to Croatia)
Gostitelji: Tenthredinidae (Agnoli & Rosa 2016). Pogosto najdena na praproti, s katero se verjetno hranijo gostitelji (Arens 2014) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Tenthredinidae (Agnoli & Rosa 2016). Often found on ferns where their hosts probably feed (Arens 2014) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
12
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Cleptes semiauratus group
Cleptes semiauratus (Linnaeus, 1761)
Cleptes pallipes Lepeletier, 1806
Ljubljana, okolica, 21. 6. 1930, M. Hafner leg., PMSL
Podčetrtek, OL - Olimje, 15. 6. 1942, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Postojna, VL36, 1983, 1^, VL37, 14. 8. 1985, 2^, S. Polak leg., NMPO (Slika/Fig. 5)
Gostitelji: Endelomyia aethiops,
Nematus ribesii in Pristiphora incisa (Tenthredinidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem, predalpskem in dinarskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Endelomyia aethiops, Nematus ribesii and Pristiphora incisa (Tenthredinidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian, pre-Alpine and Dinaric regions of Slovenia.
Cleptes striatipleuris Rosa, Forshage, Paukkunen & Soon, 2015 Podčetrtek, PL - Pristava pri Lesičnem?, 2. 6. 1938, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL Postojna, VL37, 3. 7. 1985, 2^, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Gostitelji: Nematus spp., Pristiphora spp.
(Tenthredinidae) (Kimsey in Bohart 1991) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem in dinarskem območju Slovenije. Nekdaj znana kot C. semiauratus, ko pa je postalo jasno, da je to sinonim vrste C. pallipes, so jo Rosa, Forshage, Paukkunen in Soon (2015) opisali kot novo vrsto.
Hosts: Nematus spp., Pristiphora spp.
(Tenthredinidae) (Kimsey & Bohart 1991) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian and Dinaric regions of Slovenia. Previously known as C. semiauratus, but when found to be synonymous with C. pallipes, Rosa, Forshage, Paukkunen & Soon (2015) described it as a new species.
Slika 5: Cleptes semiauratus, samec iz Postojne, zbirka NMPO
Fig. 5: Cleptes
semiauratus male from
Postojna, coll. NMPO
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Chrysidinae Elampini
Omalus Panzer, 1801
Omalus aeneus (Fabricius, 1787)
Podčetrtek, NW - SZ/NW, 19. 6. 1937, 1^, TR - Trebče?, 30. 6. 1946, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL Gorjansko, UL97, 7. 6. 1992, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 6) Koritnice, VL45, 30. 8. 2006, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Gostitelji: Passaloecus spp., Pemphredon spp. in Psenulus pallipes (Crabronidae), ki plenijo listne uši (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Passaloecus spp., Pemphredon spp. and Psenulus pallipes (Crabronidae) which prey on aphids (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
Omalus biaccinctus (du Buysson, 1892)
Hrpelje, Prešnica, VL14, 6. 7. 1998, 1?, S. Brelih leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Passaloecus spp. (Crabronidae)	Hosts: Passaloecus spp. (Crabronidae)
(Paukkunen et al. 2015)	(Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v	West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.	Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 6: Omalus aeneus, samica iz Gorjanskega, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 6: Omalus aeneus
female from Gorjansko,
coll. PMSL
14
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Omaluspuncticollis (Mocsary, 1887)
Podčetrtek, GB - Gubno?, 29. 8. 1942, 1?, TRO - Olimje, Trobevnik, 22. 8. 1943, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Lesično, Zagorski potok, WM30, 9. 8. 1990, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO Log, Lukovica, VL59, 10. 8. 1990, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Zaplana, VL39, 23. 7. 1999, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 7)
Gostitelji: Passaloecus spp. (Crabronidae)
(Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v predalpskem in subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Passaloecus spp. (Crabronidae)
(Paukkunen et al. 2015) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the pre-Alpine and sub-Pannonian regions of Slovenia.
Pseudomalus Ashmead, 1902
Pseudomalus auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Rosa in Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia Gradišče pri Vipavi, 20. 5. 1958, 1^, Demelt leg., NMLS
Podčetrtek, NO - SV/NE, 8. 9. 1943, 1?, SOT - Sotla, 22. 8. 1946, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Lavrica, Ljubljansko barje, VL69, 8. 6. 1991, 1?, V. Furlan leg., PMSL
Log, Lukovica, VL59, 3. 7. 1992, 19. 8. 1992, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 6. 9. 1992, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Kregolišče, VL07, 10. 7. 1993, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Dragonja, Stena, UL93, 26. 5. 1994, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 8)
Koper, Škocjanski zatok, Bonifika, 29. 5. 2012, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Gostitelji: Passaloecus spp., Pemphredon spp. in Diodontus tristis (Crabronidae), ki plenijo listne uši (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v predalpskem, subpanonskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije
Hosts: Passaloecus spp., Pemphredon spp. and Diodontus tristis (Crabronidae) which prey on aphids (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Palaearctic species. Collected in the pre-Alpine, sub-Pannonian and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
Pseudomalus pusillus (Fabricius, 1804)
Podčetrtek, LP - Lopaca?, 21. 6. 1938, 1^, B. - Bistrica ob Sotli?, 13. 7. 1938, 1^, PL - Pristava pri Lesičnem?, 3. 8. 1938, 1^, PS - Polje ob Sotli?, 19. 8. 1938, 1?, 30. 8. 1938, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Passaloecus eremita, P. insignis in Pemphredon lethifer (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Passaloecus eremita, P. insignis and Pemphredon lethifer (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia.
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Slika 7: Omalus puncticollis, samica iz Zaplane, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 7: Omalus puncticollis female from Zaplana, coll. PMSL
Slika 8: Pseudomalus auratus, samica iz Dragonje, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 8: Pseudomalus
auratus female from
Dragonja, coll. PMSL
16
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 9: Elampus constrictus, samica iz Podčetrtka, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 9: Elampus constrictus female from Podčetrtek, coll. PMSL
Slika 10: Elampus constrictus, tretji tergit samice iz Podčetrtka, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 10: Elampus constrictus, third tergum of a female from Podčetrtek, coll. PMSL
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Elampus Spinola, 1806
Elampus constrictus (Förster, 1853)
Podčetrtek, WK, 17. 8. 1938, 1? (slika/Fig. 10), AP, 7. 7. 1945, 1? (slika/Fig. 9), E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-
Holopyga Dahlbom, 1845 Holopyga fervida group Holopyga fervida (Fabricius, 1781)
Podčetrtek, BG - Babna Gora?, 8. 6. 1938, 1^, PL - Pristava pri Lesičnem?, 30. 6. 1938, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Sp. Branica, Čipnje, VL07, 18. 7. 1991, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 11)
Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v	West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-
submediteranskem in subpanonskem	Mediterranean and sub-Pannonian regions
območju Slovenije. Spolno dvolična vrsta.	of Slovenia. Sexually dimorphic species.
Gostitelji: Mimesa bicolor, M. equestris in M. lutaria (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Hosts: Mimesa bicolor, M. equestris and M. lutaria (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015)
območju Slovenije
Pannonian region of Slovenia.
Slika 11: Holopyga fervida, samica iz Sp. Branice, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 11: Holopyga
fervida female from Sp.
Branica, coll. PMSL
w
18
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Holopyga lucida group Holopyga austrialis Linsenmaier, 1959
Log, Lukovica, VL59, 11. 6. 1992, 1? (slika/Fig. 12), 15. 6. 1992, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Srednjeevropska in srednjeazijska vrsta. Najdena v predalpskem območju Slovenije. Spolno dvolična vrsta.
Gostitelji: morda Cerceris quadrifasciata, Bembecinus tridens, Dinetus pictus ali Tachysphex spp.: T. unicolor, T. nitidus (Crabronidae) (Arens 2014) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v alpskem in subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Central European and Central Asian species. Collected in the pre-Alpine region of Slovenia. Sexually dimorphic species.
Id E. Jaeger leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 13)
Hosts: possibly Cerceris quadrifasciata, Bembecinus tridens, Dinetus pictus or Tachysphex spp.: T. unicolor, T. nitidus (Crabronidae) (Arens 2014) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the Alpine and sub-Pannonian regions of Slovenia.
Holopyga chrysonota (Förster, 1853)
Vogrin 1955: Kranjska Gora, 6., coli. Taubert Podčetrtek, PL - Pristava pri Lesičnem?, 5. 7. 1938,
Slika 12: Holopyga austrialis, samica iz Lukovice, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 12: Holopyga
austrialis female from
Lukovica, coll. PMSL
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Slika 13: Holopyga chrysonota, samec iz Podčetrtka, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 13: Holopyga chrysonota male from Podčetrtek, coll. PMSL
Slika 14: Holopyga ignicollis, samec iz Cerknice, zbirka NMPO
Fig. 14: Holopyga
ignicollis male from
Cerknica, coll. NMPO
20
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Holopyga generosa (Förster, 1853) Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Istria: Strugnano (= Strunjan), 2^1?, Madera leg., NMLS
Gostitelj: Astata boops (Crabronidae) (Veenendaal 2012, Paukkunen et al. 2015). Samice odlagajo jajčeca v ličinke stenic, preden jih gostitelji odnesejo v gnezdo (Veenendaal 2012).
Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Host: Astata boops (Crabronidae) (Veenendaal 2012, Paukkunen et al. 2015). Females lay eggs in nymphs of Heteroptera before they are taken to the nest by the host (Veenendaal 2012).
Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Holopyga ignicollis Dahlbom, 1854
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Istria: Strugnano (= Strunjan), Madera leg., NMLS
Cerknica, Gorica, VL56, 22. 6. 2004, 1$, S. Polak leg., NMPO (slika/Fig. 14)
Gostitelji: morda Mimumesa unicolor,
Cerceris quadrifasciata ali ose grebače, ki gnezdijo v robidinih steblih (Crabronidae) (Arens 2014) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v dinarskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije. Spolno dvolična vrsta.
Hosts: possibly Mimumesa unicolor, Cerceris quadrifasciata or crabronid wasps nesting in Rubus stems (Crabronidae) (Arens 2014) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the Dinaric and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia. Sexually dimorphic species.
Slika 15: Holopyga inflammata, samec z Nanosa, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 15: Holopyga
inflammata male from
Nanos, coll. PMSL
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Holopyga inflammata (Förster, 1853)
Nanos: Sv. Hieronim, VL27, 25. 7. 1992, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 15)
Gostitelji: morda ose grebače, ki gnezdijo v robidinih steblih (Crabronidae) (Arens 2014, po Rosa 2006) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: possibly crabronid wasps nesting in Rubus stems (Crabronidae) (Arens 2014, after Rosa 2006) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Holopyga jurinei Chevrier, 1862 Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Istria: Strugnano (= Strunjan), 6. 1931, 1^, Madera leg., NMLS
Severnomediteranska vrsta. Najdena v	North Mediterranean species. Collected in the
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.	sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Hedychrum Latreille, 1802
Hedychrum gerstaeckeri Chevrier, 1869
Rosa 2005: Zurk, Senosecchia (= Senožeče), 7. 1927, 1 ex., Stolfa legit, 30. 8. 1929, 1 ex., Stolfa legit
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia
Istria: Strugnano (= Strunjan), 6. 1931, 4^, Madera leg., NMLS
Podčetrtek, OL - Olimje, 15. 7. 1945, 2?, 2. 9. 1945, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Gorjansko, UL97, 20. 6. 1992, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Sp. Brnik, VM62, 10. 8. 1993, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Koštabona, Škrline, VL03, 29. 6. 1993, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 16)
Škocjan, VL25, 16. 6. 1993, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Log, Lukovica, VL59, 12. 9. 1993, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Ljubljana, Črnuče, VM60, 11. 8. 1993, 1^, Jarški prod, 20. 8. 2007, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Cerknica, Dol. Jezero, VL56, 7. 7. 2010, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Cerceris sabulosa (Rosa 2006), C. rybyensis in C. ruficornis (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015). V Sloveniji je Cerceris sabulosa bolj pogosta kot sorodna C. rybyensis (Gogala 2011).
Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v predalpskem, dinarskem, subpanonskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Cerceris sabulosa (Rosa 2006), C. rybyensis and C. ruficornis (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015). In Slovenia, Cerceris sabulosa is more common than closely related C. rybyensis (Gogala 2011).
Palaearctic species. Collected in the pre-Alpine, Dinaric, sub-Pannonian and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
22
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 16: Hedychrum gerstaeckeri, samec iz Koštabone, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 16: Hedychrum gerstaeckeri male from Koštabona, coll. PMSL
Slika 17: Hedychrum niemelai, samica iz Črnuč, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 17: Hedychrum
niemelai female from
Črnuče, coll. PMSL
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Hedychrum niemelai Linsenmaier, 1959
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia
Istria: Strugnano (= Strunjan), 6. 1931, 2^, Madera leg., NMLS
Istria: Pirano (= Piran), 6. 1928, 2^2$, Madera Linsenmaier (paratypes), NMLS
Dobova, Mihalovec, WL58, 18. 7. 1994, 1$, 23. 8. 1994, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Strunjan, UL94, 27. 6. 1995, 1$, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Ljubljana, Črnuče, VM60, 31. 8. 1995, 1$, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 17)
Gostitelji: Cerceris arenaria, C. ruficornis (Rosa 2006), C. quadrifasciata, C. quinquefasciata, morda tudi druge vrste rodu Cerceris (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem, predalpskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije. Spolno dvolična vrsta.
Hosts: Cerceris arenaria, C. ruficornis (Rosa 2006), C. quadrifasciata, C. quinquefasciata, possibly also other Cerceris species (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian, pre-Alpine and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia. Sexually dimorphic species.
Hedychrum nobile (Scopoli, 1763) ScoPOLi 1763: Carniola
VoGRiN 1955: Kamnik, 6. 8., Podčetrtek, 28. 7., coll. Taubert
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia
Istria: Strugnano (= Strunjan), 6. 1931, 1^, Madera leg., NMLS
Podčetrtek, N - S/N, 7. 7. 1939, 1^, NO - SV/NE, 11. 6. 1945, 2^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Podčetrtek, OL - Olimje, 15. 7. 1945, 1?, 2. 9. 1945, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Virštanj, WM41, 8. 7. 1993, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Sp. Brnik, VM62, 9. 7. 1993, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 18)
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 18. 8. 1991, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Dragonja, Stena, UL93, 1. 9. 1993, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Strunjan, UL94, 3. 7. 1994, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Cerceris arenaria, C. rybyensis, morda tudi druge vrste rodu Cerceris in Gorytes quinquecinctus (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem, predalpskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije. Spolno dvolična vrsta.
Hosts: Cerceris arenaria, C. rybyensis, possibly also other Cerceris species and Gorytes quinquecinctus (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian, pre-Alpine and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia. Sexually dimorphic species.
Hedychrum rutilans Dahlbom, 1854
Dobova, Mihalovec, WL58, 23. 8. 1994, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 19)
Gostitelj: Philanthus triangulum, P. coronatus (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Host: Philanthus triangulum, P. coronatus (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia.
24
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 18: Hedychrum nobile, samica iz Sp. Brnika, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 18: Hedychrum nobile female from Sp. Brnik, coll. PMSL
Slika 19: Hedychrum rutilans, samica iz Mihalovca, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 19: Hedychrum
rutilans female from
Mihalovec, coll. PMSL
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Hedychridium Abeille de Perrin, 1878 Hedychridium ardens group Hedychridium ardens (Coquebert, 1801)
Podčetrtek, NO - SV/NE, 1. 6. 1946, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 20)
Gostitelji: Tachysphex spp., Diodontus tristis, Oxybelus bipunctatus (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Tachysphex spp., Diodontus tristis, Oxybelus bipunctatus (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia.
Hedychridium coriaceum (Dahlbom, 1854)
Rosa 2005: Clanez (= Klanec pri Kozini), 6. 1938, 1 ex., C. Mancini legit
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia
Podčetrtek, TOP - Toplice/Thermae, 17. 8. 1945, 1?, NO - SV/NE, 2. 7. 1946, 1?, E. Jaeger leg. PMSL (slika/Fig. 21)
Gostitelji: Lindenius albilabris, morda tudi Oxybelus uniglumis (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015), Tachysphex panzeri (Rosa 2006) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Lindenius albilabris, possibly also Oxybelus uniglumis (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015), Tachysphex panzeri (Rosa 2006) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
Hedychridium femoratum (Dahlbom, 1854)
Podčetrtek, NK, 28. 6. 1938, 1Ç (slika/Fig. 22), PS - Polje ob Sotli?, 27. 9. 1938, 4^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Dryudella stigma, morda tudi D. tricolor ali Miscophus spp. (Crabronidae) (Schmid-Egger 1995, Arens 2014). Dryudella tricolor in Miscophus bicolor sta znani iz Podčetrtka (Gogala 2011).
Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Dryudella stigma, possibly also D. tricolor or Miscophus spp. (Crabronidae) (Schmid-Egger 1995, Arens 2014). Dryudella tricolor and Miscophus bicolor are known from Podčetrtek (Gogala 2011).
West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia.
26
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 20: Hedychridium ardens, samec iz Podčetrtka, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 20: Hedychridium ardens male from Podčetrtek, coll. PMSL
Slika 21: Hedychridium coriaceum, samica iz Podčetrtka, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 21: Hedychridium
coriaceum female from
Podčetrtek, coll. PMSL
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Slika 22: Hedychridium femoratum, samica iz Podčetrtka, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 22: Hedychridium femoratum female from Podčetrtek, coll. PMSL
Slika 23: Hedychridium jucundum, samec iz Kregolišča, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 23: Hedychridium
jucundum male from
Kregolišče, coll. PMSL
28
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Hedychridium jucundum Mocsâry, 1889
Kregolišče, VL07, 16. 6. 1992, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 23)
Gostitelj: verjetno Bembecinus tridens (Crabronidae) (Agnoli & Rosa 2016, po Giordani Soika 1932) Južnoevropska vrsta. Najdena v
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Host: probably Bembecinus tridens
(Crabronidae) (Agnoli & Rosa 2016, after Giordani Soika 1932) South European species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Hedychridium krajniki Balthasar, 1946
Hedychridium stoeckherti Linsenmaier, 1959 Zimmermann 1960: Podčetrtek
Gostitelj: verjetno Oxybelus sp. (Linsenmaier 1968) ali Lindenius pygmaeus (Crabronidae) (Arens 2014) Južnoevropska vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Host: probably Oxybelus sp.
(Linsenmaier 1968) or Lindenius pygmaeus (Crabronidae) (Arens 2014) South European species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia.
Hedychridium zelleri (Dahlbom, 1845)
Podčetrtek, PS - Polje ob Sotli?, 22. 9. 1938, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Miscophus spp., morda tudi Diodontus tristis in D. minutus (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Miscophus spp., possibly also Diodontus tristis and D. minutus (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia.
Hedychridium roseum group
Hedychridium caputaureum Trautmann & Trautmann, 1919 Log, Lukovica, VL59, 11. 7. 1991, 1Ç, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 24)
Gostitelji: Astata minor (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015), verjetno tudi A. boops in Dryudella stigma (Rosa 2006) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Po Arens (2010) podvrsta vrste H. chloropygum Buysson, 1888. Najdena v predalpskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Astata minor (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015), probably also A. boops and Dryudella stigma (Rosa 2006) West Palaearctic species. According to Arens (2010) subspecies of H. chloropygum Buysson, 1888. Collected in the pre-Alpine region of Slovenia.
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Hedychridium roseum (Rossi, 1790)
Rosa 2005: Senosecchia (= Senožeče), 2. 9. 1929, 1 ex., Stolfa legit Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia Podčetrtek, 28. 7. 1938, 1^, PT, 26. 9. 1938, 2?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: predvsem Astata boops, verjetno tudi A. rufipes, Dryudella stigma, Tachysphex pompiliformis in Harpactus spp. (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije. Subpanonsko območje je edino, kjer je bila Astata boops pogosta (Gogala 2011). E. Jaeger je vrsto našel tudi na hrvaški strani Sotle.
Hosts: primarily Astata boops, probably also A. rufipes, Dryudella stigma, Tachysphex pompiliformis and Harpactus spp. (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia. Sub-Pannonian region is the only one where Astata boops was common (Gogala 2011).
E. Jaeger collected H. roseum also on Croatian side of the Sotla river:
Podčetrtek, MIL - Miljana (Hr/Cro), 25. 8. 1946, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 25)
Hedychridium valesiense Linsenmaier, 1959
Log, Lukovica, VL59, 9. 8. 1990, 1^, 20. 7. 1991, 1^, 30. 6. 1992, 2? (Slika/Fig. 26), 18. 7. 1992,
2^ (Slika/Fig. 27), 22. 6. 1993, (Slika/Fig. 28), A. Gogala leg., PMSL Koštabona, Škrline, VL03, 29. 6. 1993, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Podpeč, VL14, 24. 8. 1991, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Koritnice, VL45, 24. 7. 1993, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Gostitelj: verjetno Astata minor (Crabronidae) (Arens 2010). To je najpogostejša vrsta rodu Astata v osrednji in zahodni Sloveniji, pojavlja se tudi na krajih, kjer sta bili najdeni H. valesiense in H. caputaureum (Gogala 2011).
Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v predalpskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije. Spolno dvolična vrsta. Samice imajo oranžen nekovinski zadek kot H. roseum in H. caputaureum, samci pa imajo tergite kovinsko rdeče obarvane. Za določitev vrste je treba pregledati samčeve spolne organe.
Host: probably Astata minor (Crabronidae) (Arens 2010). This is the commonest Astata species in Central and West Slovenia, present also in places where H. valesiense and H. caputaureum were found (Gogala 2011).
West Palaearctic species. Collected in the pre-Alpine and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia. Sexually dimorphic species. Females have orange non-metallic abdomen like H. roseum and H. caputaureum, while males have metallically red coloured terga. Examination of male genitalia is needed to identify the species.
30
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 24: Hedychridium caputaureum, samica iz Lukovice, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 24: Hedychridium caputaureum female from Lukovica, coll. PMSL
Slika 25: Hedychridium roseum, samica iz Miljane, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 25: Hedychridium
roseum female from
Miljana, coll. PMSL
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Slika 26: Hedychridium valesiense, samica iz Lukovice, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 26: Hedychridium valesiense female from Lukovica, coll. PMSL
Slika 27: Hedychridium valesiense, samec iz Lukovice, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 27: Hedychridium
valesiense male from
Lukovica, coll. PMSL
32
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 28: Hedychridium valesiense, genitalije samca iz Lukovice, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 28: Hedychridium valesiense, genitals of a male from Lukovica, coll. PMSL
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Chrysidini
Chrysura Dahlbom, 1845 Chrysura candens group
Chrysura candens (Germar, 1817) Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Portorož, 23. 5. - 3. 6. 1960, 1?, J. Heinrich leg., NMLS
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 10. 5. 1992, 1?, 29. 4. 1994, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 29)
Gostitelj: verjetno Tachysphex nitidus (Crabronidae) (Berland & Bernard 1938, po Trautmann 1927). Dve drugi črni vrsti rodu Tachysphex sta bili najdeni na istem kraju kot C. candens v Sloveniji: T. tarsinus (Lepeletier) in T. unicolor (Panzer) (Gogala 2011).
Južnoevropska vrsta. Najdena v
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Host: probably Tachysphex nitidus (Crabronidae) (Berland & Bernard 1938, after Trautmann 1927). Two other black Tachysphex species were found at the same locality as C. candens in Slovenia: T. tarsinus (Lepeletier) and T. unicolor (Panzer) (Gogala 2011).
South European species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 29: Chrysura candens, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 29: Chrysura
candens female from
Brje, coll. PMSL
34
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysura austriaca group
Chrysura ignifrons Brulle, 1833 Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Portorož, 23. 5. - 3. 6. 1960, 1?, J. Heinrich leg., NMLS
Koritnice, VL45, 6. 6. 1988, 1?, 9. 7. 1988, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Ilirska Bistrica, Štanga, VL44, 22. 7. 1992, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 30)
Sela na Krasu, UL97, 30. 4. 1995, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Hoplitis jheringii in H. anthocopoides (Megachilidae) (Agnoli in Rosa 2016). Ti dve vrsti sta zelo redki (H. jheringii) ali pa ju sploh ni (H. anthocopoides) na krajih, kjer je bila v Sloveniji najdena C. ignifrons. A na teh krajih živi druga vrsta rodu Hoplitis s. str., ki prav tako gradi izpostavljena gnezda iz peska v skalnih vdolbinah: Hoplitis pallicornis (Friese) (Gogala 2014).
Mediteranska vrsta. Najdena v
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Hoplitis jheringii and H. anthocopoides (Megachilidae) (Agnoli & Rosa 2016). These two species are very rare (H. jheringii) or absent (H. anthocopoides) in places where C. ignifrons was found in Slovenia. But another Hoplitis s. str. species, which also builds exposed nests made of sand in hollows in rocks, occurs in these places: Hoplitis pallicornis (Friese) (Gogala 2014).
Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 30: Chrysura ignifrons, samica s Štange, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 30: Chrysura
ignifrons female from
Štanga, coll. PMSL
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Chrysura cuprea group
Chrysura cuprea (Rossi, 1790) Slavnik, 1028 m, VL14, 9. 6. 1979, 1?, V. Furlan leg., PMSL Lipica, VL15, 19. 5. 1979, 1^, V. Furlan leg., PMSL Divača, VL16, 30. 5. 1982, 1?, V. Furlan leg., PMSL Škofi, VL07, 1. 6. 1991, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 16. 6. 1992, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (Slika/Fig. 31), 14. 5. 2011, photo A. Gogala
Gostitelji: Osmia rufohirta, O. spinulosa, O. andrenoides, O. versicolor, O. bicolor in O. aurulenta (Megachilidae), ki gnezdijo v praznih polžjih hišicah (Berland in Bernard 1938, Kunz 1994, Rosa 2006) Evropsko-mediteranska vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Osmia rufohirta, O. spinulosa,
O. andrenoides, O. versicolor, O. bicolor and O. aurulenta (Megachilidae) which nest in empty snail shells (Berland & Bernard 1938, Kunz 1994, Rosa 2006) Europeo-Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 31: Chrysura cuprea, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL.
Fig. 31: Chrysura cuprea
female from Brje, coll.
PMSL.
36
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysura dichroa group
Chrysura dichroa (Dahlbom, 1854)
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia Istria: Portorož, 6. 1970, 1^, NMLS
Kastelec, Osp, VL14, 30. 4. 1995, 1?2^, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 2. 6. 1991, 1^, 16. 5. 1992, 2?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (Slika/Fig. 32, 35) Padna, UL93, 16. 5. 1995, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Osmia rufohirta in druge vrste rodu Osmia (Megachilidae), ki gnezdijo v praznih polžjih hišicah (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Osmia rufohirta and other Osmia species (Megachilidae) which nest in empty snail shells (Paukkunen et al. 2015) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Chrysura filiformis (Mocsary, 1889)
Podčetrtek, NO - SV/NE, 1. 6. 1946, 1?, 2. 7. 1946, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 33)
Vzhodnomediteranska vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije. Majhna in zelo vitka vrsta. Gostitelj ni znan, a če je čebela iz družine Megachilidae, pridejo v poštev vrste rodov Chelostoma in Heriades, ki imajo podobno telesno obliko.
East Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia. Small and very slender species. Host is not known, but if it is a megachilid bee, species of Chelostoma and Heriades come into consideration due to similar body shape.
Slika 32: Chrysura dichroa, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 32: Chrysura
dichroa female from
Brje, coll. PMSL
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Slika 33: Chrysura filiformis, samica iz Podčetrtka, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 33: Chrysura filiformis female from Podčetrtek, coll. PMSL
Slika 34: Chrysura laevigata, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL.
Fig. 34: Chrysura
laevigata female from
Brje, coll. PMSL
38
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysura laevigata (Abeille, 1879)
Podčetrtek, GOL - Golobinjek ob Sotli?, 20. 6. 1943, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 8. 7. 1991, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (Slika/Fig. 34, 35), 9. 7. 1989, 1?,
photo A. Gogala Koritnice, VL45, 5. 7. 2004, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Gostitelj: Osmia caerulescens
(Martynova 2014), morda tudi Osmia rufohirta (Megachilidae) (lastno opazovanje). Samica je bila opazovana in fotografirana pri gnezdu v hišici polža Pomatias elegans.
Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem in subpanonskem območju Slovenije. Pogosto prezrta zaradi podobnosti z vrsto C. dichroa. Linsenmaier (1959) piše: »Dosedanja srednjeevropska dichroa obstaja v dveh vrstah s skoraj enako razširjenostjo ...« A če je vrsto C. dichroa, tako kot C. cuprea in C. trimaculata, najti le na apnenčastih tleh (Kunz 1994), C. laevigata morda ni tako ozko omejena, saj je bila najdena tudi v dolini Sotle. Vrsto C. laevigata zlahka ločimo od C. dichroa po daljših licih in drugačni obliki tretjega tergita pri samici (Arens 2001).
Host: Osmia caerulescens
(Martynova 2014), possibly also Osmia rufohirta (Megachilidae) (own observation). A female was observed and photographed at the nest in a Pomatias elegans shell.
West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean and sub-Pannonian regions of Slovenia. Often overlooked due to similarity with C. dichroa. Linsenmaier (1959) wrote: »Die bisherige mitteleuropäische dichroa existiert in zwei Spezies, die fast gleiche Verbreitung haben ...« But while C. dichroa, as well as C. cuprea and C. trimaculata, is found only on calcareous ground (Kunz 1994), C. laevigata may not be as strictly limited as it was found also in the Sotla valley. C. laevigata can be distinguished from C. dichroa easily by the longer malar space and different shape of the third tergum in a female (Arens 2001).
Slika 35: Glava samic vrst Chrysura dichroa (levo) in Chrysura laevigata (desno). Fig. 35: Heads of Chrysura dichroa (left) and Chrysura laevigata (right) females.
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Chrysura radians group
Chrysura radians (Harris, 1776)
Podčetrtek, N - S/N, 4. 6. 1939, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL Planinsko polje, VL47, 12. 8. 1993, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO Slavnik, VL14, 9. 7. 1995, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 36)
Gostitelji: Hoplitis adunca, H. anthocopoides, Osmia leaiana, O. caerulescens, O. niveata, O. melanogaster (Megachilidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem, dinarskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Hoplitis adunca, H. anthocopoides, Osmia leaiana, O. caerulescens, O. niveata, O. melanogaster (Megachilidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian, Dinaric and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
Chrysura refulgens (Spinola, 1806) Vogrin 1955: Kranj, 8
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 28. 5. 1989, 1?, 10. 5. 1992, 2^, 16. 6. 1992, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (Slika/Fig. 37), 7. 6. 1992, 1?, photo A. Gogala
Gostitelji: Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (lastno opazovanje), Megachile (Chalicodoma) spp., Osmia bicolor (Megachilidae) (Agnoli in Rosa 2016) Mediteranska vrsta. Najdena v
submediteranskem območju Slovenije, Vogrinov podatek je iz predalpskega območja.
Hosts: Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (own observation), Megachile (Chalicodoma) spp., Osmia bicolor (Megachilidae) (Agnoli & Rosa 2016) Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia, Vogrin's record is from the pre-Alpine region.
Chrysura trimaculata (Förster, 1853)
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 12. 4. 1992, 1^, 10. 5. 1992, 1?, 12. 3. 1995, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Vonarje, WM41, 8. 6. 1996, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 38)
Gostitelji: Osmia bicolor, O. aurulenta in druge vrste rodu Osmia (Megachilidae), ki gnezdijo v praznih polžjih hišicah (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem in subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Osmia bicolor, O. aurulenta and other Osmia species (Megachilidae) which nest in empty snail shells (Paukkunen et al. 2015)
West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean and sub-Pannonian regions of Slovenia.
40
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 36: Chrysura radians, samica s Slavnika, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 36: Chrysura radians female from Slavnik, coll. PMSL
Slika 37: Chrysura refulgens, samec iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 37: Chrysura
refulgens male from
Brje, coll. PMSL
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Slika 38: Chrysura trimaculata, samica iz Vonarij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 38: Chrysura trimaculata female from Vonarje, coll. PMSL
Trichrysis Lichtenstein, 1876
Trichrysis cyanea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia Podčetrtek, N - S/N, 30. 8. 1941, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Koritnice, VL45, 3. 6. 1988, 1?, 10. 5. 1991, 1?, 3. 10. 2004, 2?, S. Polak leg., NMPO Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 15. 7. 1990, 1?, 6. 9. 1992, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 39) Kurešček, VL68, 6. 6. 1992, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Košuta: Pl. Šija, VM44, 5. 8. 1994, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Vremščica, VL26, 11. 9. 2008, 1?, photo A. Gogala
Gostitelji: Trypoxylon spp., Pison atrum, Psenulus pallipes, Pemphredon spp., Passaloecus spp. (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006), Auplopus carbonarius in Dipogon spp. (Pompilidae), ki gnezdijo v rovih v odmrlem lesu (Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v alpskem, dinarskem, subpanonskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Trypoxylon spp., Pison atrum, Psenulus pallipes, Pemphredon spp., Passaloecus spp. (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006), Auplopus carbonarius and Dipogon spp. (Pompilidae) which nest in cavities in dead wood (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the Alpine, Dinaric, sub-Pannonian and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
42
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 39: Trichrysis cyanea, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 39: Trichrysis cyanea female from Brje, coll. PMSL
Chrysis Linnaeus, 1761 Chrysis varidens group
Chrysis gracillima Förster, 1853
Podčetrtek, N - S/N, 7. 7. 1939, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 40)
Gostitelji: Pseudomicrodynerus parvulus, Microdynerus spp. (Vespidae), morda tudi Trypoxylon clavicerum (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Pseudomicrodynerus parvulus, Microdynerus spp. (Vespidae), possibly also Trypoxylon clavicerum (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia.
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Chrysis jucunda Mocsary, 1889
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Piran, 1. - 15. 6. 1963, 3^, J. Heinrich leg., NMLS
Portorož, 23. 5. - 3. 6. 1960, 1^, J. Heinrich leg., NMLS
Lukovec, Golec, VL07, 4. 6. 2005, photo A. Gogala (slika/Fig. 41)
Vzhodnomediteranska vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije. Fotografirana na socvetju mehkodlakave jurjevine (Jurinea mollis) ob kupu kamenja.
V zbirki E. Jaegra je primerek z otoka Hvara na Hrvaškem (C. jucunda je pogosta v Dalmaciji in na kvarnerskih otokih).
East Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia. Photographed on an inflorescence of Jurinea mollis near a pile of rocks.
E. Jaeger's collection contains a specimen from the Hvar Island, Croatia (C. jucunda is common in Dalmatia and on the Kvarner islands):
Hvar Island: Stari Grad, 1. - 7. 6. 1935, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 42)
Chrysis ragusae De Stefani, 1888 Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Portorož, 23. 5. - 3. 6. 1960, 1$, J. Heinrich leg., NMLS
Severnomediteranska vrsta. Najdena v	North Mediterranean species. Collected in the
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.	sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 40: Chrysis gracillima, samica iz Podčetrtka, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 40: Chrysis
gracillima female from
Podčetrtek, coll. PMSL
44
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 41: Chrysis jucunda na socvetju mehkodlakave jurjevine (Jurinea mollis), Golec
Fig. 41: Chrysis jucunda on an inflorescence of Jurinea mollis, Golec
Slika 42: Chrysis jucunda, samec z otoka Hvara, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 42: Chrysis jucunda
male from Hvar Island,
coll. PMSL
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SCOPOLIA No 88 - 2016
Chrysis subsinuata group
Chrysis subsinuata Marquet, 1879
Chrysis subsinuata fallax Mocsary, 1882 Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Istria: Strugnano (= Strunjan), 6. 1931, 1^, Madera leg., NMLS
Evropsko-mediteranska vrsta. Najdena v	Europeo-Mediterranean species. Collected in
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.	the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Chrysis succincta group Chrysis auriceps Mader, 1936
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 16. 6. 1992, 1?, 20. 6. 1993, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 43)
Mediteranska vrsta. Najdena v	Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.	Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Chrysis germari Wesmael, 1839
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 17. 7. 1991, 1?, 16. 6. 1992, 2^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Gorjansko, UL97, 7. 6. 1992, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Kregolišče, VL07, 16. 6. 1992, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 44)
Gostitelj: Euodynerus dantici (Vespidae)	Host: Euodynerus dantici (Vespidae)
(Berland in Bernard 1938)	(Berland & Bernard 1938).
Mediteranska vrsta. Najdena v	Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-submediteranskem območju Slovenije Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Chrysis illigeri Wesmael, 1839 Chrysis helleni Linsenmaier, 1959
Podčetrtek, OL - Olimje, 15. 7. 1945, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL Kranjska Gora, 14. 7. 1921, 1^, A. Taubert leg., PMSL
Log, Lukovica, VL59, 21. 6. 1991, 1& 28. 5. 1993, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 45)
Gostitelj: Tachysphex pompiliformis
(Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v predalpskem, alpskem in subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Host: Tachysphex pompiliformis (Crabronidae)
(Paukkunen et al. 2015) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the pre-Alpine, Alpine and sub-Pannonian regions of Slovenia.
46
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysis leachii Shuckard, 1837
Podčetrtek, NW - SZ/NW, 7. 6. 1945, (slika/Fig. 46), TOP - Toplice/Spa, 27. 8. 1945, 1?, E.
Jaeger leg., PMSL Koritnice, VL45, 1. 7. 1988, 1^, 17. 9. 1995, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Gostitelji: verjetno Diodontus minutus, Miscophus bicolor in Tracheliodes quinquenotatus (Crabronidae), ki gnezdijo v tleh (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: probably Diodontus minutus, Miscophus bicolor and Tracheliodes quinquenotatus (Crabronidae) which nest in the ground (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015)
West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
Slika 43: Chrysis auriceps, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 43: Chrysis auriceps
female from Brje, coll.
PMSL
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SCOPOLIA No 88 - 2016
Slika 44: Chrysis germari, samica iz Kregolišča, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 44: Chrysis germari female from Kregolišče, coll. PMSL
Slika 45: Chrysis illigeri, samec iz Lukovice, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 45: Chrysis illigeri
male from Lukovica,
coll. PMSL
48
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 46: Chrysis leachii, samec iz Podčetrtka, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 46: Chrysis leachii male from Podčetrtek, coll. PMSL
Chrysis pulchella group
Chrysis calimorpha Mocsary, 1882
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia Postumia (= Postojna), 7. 1934, 1^, Dr. Meyer leg., NMLS
Južnoevropska vrsta. Najdena v dinarskem South European species. Collected in the območju Slovenije.	Dinaric region of Slovenia.
Chrysis pulchella Spinola, 1808 Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Portorož, 23. 5. - 3. 6. 1960, 1^, J. Heinrich leg., NMLS
Severnomediteranska vrsta. Najdena v	North Mediterranean species. Collected in the
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.	sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
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Chrysis aestiva group Chrysis interjecta Buysson, 1895
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 8. 7. 1991, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 47)
Gostitelj: Pseudoanthidium nanum	Host: Pseudoanthidium nanum
(Megachilidae) (Linsenmaier 1959)	(Megachilidae) (Linsenmaier 1959)
Mediteranska vrsta. Najdena v	Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.	Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 47: Chrysis interjecta, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 47: Chrysis
interjecta female from
Brje, coll. PMSL
50
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysis comparata group Chrysis analis Spinola, 1808
Koritnice, VL45, 23. 6. 1992, 1^, S. Polak leg., NMPO (slika/Fig. 48) Kras: Gorjansko, UL97, 15. 7. 2005, 1Ç, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Gostitelji: Anthidium spp., Rhodanthidium caturigense, Osmia andrenoides (Megachilidae) (Berland in Bernard 1938) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Anthidium spp., Rhodanthidium caturigense, Osmia andrenoides (Megachilidae) (Berland & Bernard 1938) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Chrysis chrysostigma Mocsâry, 1889 Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Portorož, 23. 5. - 3. 6. 1960, 1^, 24. 7. - 5. 8. 1961, 2Ç, J. Heinrich leg., 28. 7. 1961, 1Ç, Jos.
Heinrich W. Perraudin, NMLS Piran, 1. - 15. 6. 1963, 2Ç, J. Heinrich leg., NMLS
Gorjansko, UL97, 17. 5. 1992, 1^, 7. 6. 1992, 1Ç1& A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 49) Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 16. 6. 1992, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Koštabona, Škrline, 29. 6. 1993, 1Ç, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Ljubljana, Črnuče, VM60, 15. 6. 1995, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Mediteranska vrsta. Najdena v	Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-
submediteranskem in predalpskem	Mediterranean and pre-Alpine regions of
območju Slovenije.	Slovenia.
Slika 48: Chrysis analis, samec iz Koritnic, zbirka NMPO
Fig. 48: Chrysis analis
male from Koritnice,
coll. NMPO
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Chrysis comparata Lepeletier, 1806 Ljubljana, VM60, 19. 6. 1992, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO Slovenija: Istra, 7. 8. 1993, 1^, V. Furlan leg., PMSL
Gostitelj: Anthidium manicatum
(Megachilidae) (Linsenmaier 1959) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v predalpskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Host: Anthidium manicatum (Megachilidae)
(Linsenmaier 1959) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the pre-Alpine and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
Chrysis marginata Mocsary, 1889
Chrysis marginata aliunda Linsenmaier, 1959
Hrastovlje, VL14, 13. 6. 1992, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Tublje pri Komnu, VL07, 17. 6. 1992, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 50)
Gorjansko, UL97, 14. 8. 1994, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Vzhodnomediteranska in srednjeazijska vrsta. East Mediterranean and Central Asian Najdena v submediteranskem območju	species. Collected in the sub-
Slovenije.	Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 49: Chrysis chrysostigma, samec iz Gorjanskega, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 49: Chrysis
chrysostigma male from
Gorjansko, coll. PMSL
52
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysis scutellaris Fabricius, 1794
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia Istria: Portorož, 6. 1970, 1^, F. Parré leg., NMLS
Podčetrtek, L - Lesično?, 20. 8. 1937, 1?, SL - Sv. Lovrenc?, 23. 6. 1943, 1^, 16. 9. 1943, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 29. 9. 1990, 1? (slika/Fig. 51), 23. 8. 1992, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL, 6.
9. 2009, photo A. Gogala Sočerga, Veli Badin, VL13, 14. 6. 1991, 1?, 27. 6. 1995, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: verjetno Megachile leachella in Pseudoanthidium nanum (Megachilidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem in subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: probably Megachile leachella and Pseudoanthidium nanum (Megachilidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean and sub-Pannonian regions of Slovenia.
Slika 50: Chrysis marginata, samec iz Tubelj, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 66: Chrysis
subcoriacea female from
Brje, coll. PMSL
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Slika 51: Chrysis scutellaris, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 51: Chrysis scutellaris female from Brje, coll. PMSL
54
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysis splendidula group
Chrysis rutilans Olivier, 1790
Podčetrtek, NO - SV/NE, 8. 9. 1948, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 2. 6. 1991, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 52)
Trstelj, UL97, 27. 8. 2000, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Gymnomerus laevipes,
Ancistrocerus spp., Katamenesflavigularis, Microdynerus spp., Allodynerus rossii in Stenodynerus spp. (Vespidae), Trypoxylon spp. (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v
submediteranskem in subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Gymnomerus laevipes, Ancistrocerus spp., Katamenesflavigularis, Microdynerus spp., Allodynerus rossii and Stenodynerus spp. (Vespidae), Trypoxylon spp. (Crabronidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean and sub-Pannonian regions of Slovenia.
Slika 52: Chrysis rutilans, samec iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 52: Chrysis rutilans
male from Brje, coll.
PMSL
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Chrysis viridula group
Chrysis cingulicornis Förster, 1853 Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Portorož, 12. - 18. 7. 1959, 1^1?, 23. 5. - 3. 6. 1960, 1?, 24. 7. - 5. 8. 1961, 1?, J. Heinrich leg., NMLS
Vzhodnomediteranska vrsta. Najdena v	East Mediterranean species. Collected in the
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.	sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Chrysis viridula Linnaeus, 1761
Kranjska Gora, 10. 7. 1926, 1?, A. Taubert leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 53)
Gostitelji: Odynerus spinipes, O. reniformis in O. melanocephalus (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015), Odynerus alpinus visoko v Alpah (Linsenmaier 1959) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v alpskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Odynerus spinipes, O. reniformis and O. melanocephalus (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015), Odynerus alpinus high in the Alps (Linsenmaier 1959) Palaearctic species. Collected in the Alpine region of Slovenia.
Slika 53: Chrysis viridula, samica iz Kranjske Gore, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 53: Chrysis viridula
female from Kranj ska
Gora, coll. PMSL
56
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysis inaequalis group
Chrysis inaequalis Dahlbom, 1845
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia Podčetrtek, N - S/N, 13. 7. 1939, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 23. 6. 1991, 1^, 10. 9. 1995, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 54)
Gostitelji: Eumenes pomiformis, E. coarctatus, Odynerus sp. (Vespidae) (Rosa 2006, Agnoli in Rosa 2016) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v
submediteranskem in subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Eumenes pomiformis, E. coarctatus, Odynerus sp. (Vespidae) (Rosa 2006, Agnoli & Rosa 2016) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean and sub-Pannonian regions of Slovenia.
Slika 54: Chrysis inaequalis, samec iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 66: Chrysis
subcoriacea female from
Brje, coll. PMSL
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Chrysis graelsii group Chrysis graelsii Guerin, 1842
Podčetrtek, PS - Polje ob Sotli?, 27. 9. 1938, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 55)
Gostitelji: Euodynerus notatus, verjetno tudi E. quadrifasciatus in E. disconotatus (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Euodynerus notatus, probably also E. quadrifasciatus and E. disconotatus (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia.
Slika 55: Chrysis graelsii, samec iz Podčetrtka, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 55: Chrysis graelsii
male from Podčetrtek,
coll. PMSL
58
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysis ignita group
Chrysis angustula Schenck, 1856
Korensko sedlo, VM05, 1. 7. 1994, 1$, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 56)
Gostitelji: Symmorphus bifasciatus, S. sinuatus, S. debilitatus (Vespidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015), Ancistrocerus trifasciatus (Morgan, 1984) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v alpskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Symmorphus bifasciatus, S. sinuatus, S. debilitatus (Vespidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015), Ancistrocerus trifasciatus (Morgan, 1984) Palaearctic species. Collected in the Alpine region of Slovenia.
Chrysis clarinicollis Linsenmaier, 1951
Koper, Škocjanski zatok, Bonifika, 6. 4. 2012, 1^, S. Polak leg., NMPO (slika/Fig. 57)
Gostitelji: morda Ancistrocerus oviventris in A. scoticus (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015, po Petit 1987) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: possibly Ancistrocerus oviventris and A. scoticus (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015, after Petit 1987) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 56: Chrysis angustula, samica s Korenskega sedla, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 56: Chrysis angustula female from Korensko sedlo, coll. PMSL
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Slika 57: Chrysis clarinicollis, samec iz Kopra, zbirka NMPO
Fig. 57: Chrysis clarinicollis male from Koper, coll. NMPO
Slika 58: Chrysis corusca, samica s Planine Vogar, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 58: Chrysis corusca
female from Planina
Vogar, coll. PMSL.
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Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysis corusca Valkeila, 1971
Bohinj, Pl. Vogar, 5. 7. 1938, 1Ç, 26. 7. 1940, 1Ç, M. Hafner leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 58)
Gostitelj: Symmorphusgracilis (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015, po Parn et al. 2014)
Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v alpskem območju Slovenije.
Host: Symmorphus gracilis (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015, after Parn et al. 2014)
West Palaearctic species. Collected in the Alpine region of Slovenia.
Chrysis fulgida Linnaeus, 1761 Ljubljana, 8. 1944, 1?, M. Hafner leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Symmorphus allobrogus,
S. bifasciatus, S. crassicornis, S. murarius, morda tudi Ancistrocerus parietum in Odynerus spinipes (Vespidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v predalpskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Symmorphus allobrogus, S. bifasciatus, S. crassicornis, S. murarius, possibly also Ancistrocerus parietum and Odynerus spinipes (Vespidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the pre-Alpine region of Slovenia.
Chrysis ignita Linnaeus, 1758 ScoPOLi 1763: Carniola
VoGRiN 1955: Podpeca, 23. 7., Kranj, Kamnik, 19. 7.
Koritnice, VL45, 21. 6. 1986, 2Ç, 2. 1. 1988, 1Ç, S. Polak leg., NMPO (slika/Fig. 59)
Gostitelj: verjetno Ancistrocerus parietum (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015). Mnogi navedeni gostitelji se lahko nanašajo na druge vrste skupine C. ignita (Rosa 2006). Palearktična vrsta. Zanesljivi podatki so iz submediteranskega območja Slovenije. Starejši podatki v literaturi lahko pripadajo drugim vrstam skupine Chrysis ignita.
Host: probably Ancistrocerus parietum
(Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015). Many reported hosts may refer to other species of the C. ignita group (Rosa 2006).
Palaearctic species. Reliable records are from the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia. Older records in the literature could refer to other species of the Chrysis ignita group.
Chrysis impressa Schenck, 1856
Bohinj, Pl. Vogar, 25. 7. 1940, 1Ç, M. Hafner leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 60)
Gostitelji: Ancistrocerus claripennis,
A. parietinus in A. trifasciatus (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v alpskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Ancistrocerus claripennis,
A. parietinus and A. trifasciatus (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the Alpine region of Slovenia.
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Chrysis indigotea Dufour-Perris, 1840
Podčetrtek, OL - Olimje, 15. 6. 1942, 1$, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: morda Gymnomerus laevipes (Vespidae) ali Ectemnius rubicola (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije. Drugi primerek v zbirki E. Jaegra je s hrvaške strani reke Sotle.
Hosts: possibly Gymnomerus laevipes (Vespidae) or Ectemnius rubicola (Crabronidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-
Pannonian region of Slovenia. Another specimen in E. Jaeger's collection is from Croatian side of the Sotla river.
Podčetrtek, MIL - Miljana (Hr/Cro), 2. 6. 1946, 1$, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 61)
Slika 59: Chrysis ignita, samica iz Koritnic, zbirka NMPO
Fig. 59: Chrysis ignita female from Koritnice, coll. NMPO
Slika 60: Chrysis impressa, samica s Planine Vogar, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 60: Chrysis impressa female from Planina Vogar, coll. PMSL
62
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysis mediata Linsenmaier, 1951
Rosa 2005: Senosecchia (=Senožeče), 15. 7. 1928, E. Stolfa legit Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia Kranjska Gora, 30. 7. 1978, 1¿, F. Parré leg., NMLS Podčetrtek, TR - Trebče?, 18. 8. 1946, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL Podčetrtek, OL - Olimje, 2. 9. 1945, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL Ponikva, WM13, 6. 7. 1994, 1?, M. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 62)
Gostitelji: Odynerus spinipes in O. reniformis
(Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem, submediteranskem in alpskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Odynerus spinipes and O. reniformis
(Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian, sub-Mediterranean and Alpine regions of Slovenia.
Chrysis obtusidens Dufour & Perris, 1840
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia Podkoren, 12. 8. 1978, 1?, F. Parre leg., NMLS Prade, 19. 6. 1924, Dr. Ad. Nadig leg., NMLS
Gostitelji: Symmorphus bifasciatus (Vespidae) (Linsenmaier 1959), morda tudi Trypoxylon spp. (Crabronidae) (Agnoli in Rosa 2016, po Dufour in Perris 1840) Evropska vrsta. Najdena v alpskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Symmorphus bifasciatus (Vespidae) (Linsenmaier 1959), possibly also Trypoxylon spp. (Crabronidae) (Agnoli & Rosa 2016, after Dufour & Perris 1840) European species. Collected in the Alpine and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
Slika 61: Chrysis indigotea, samica iz Miljane, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 61: Chrysis
indigotea female from
Miljana, coll. PMSL
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Slika 62: Chrysis mediata, samica iz Ponikve, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 62: Chrysis mediata female from Ponikva, coll. PMSL
Chrysis pseudobrevitarsis Linsenmaier, 1951 Gančani, WM96, 9. 6. 1992, 1^, S. Gomboc leg., PMSL
Gostitelji: Euodynerus notatus in druge ose lončarke (Vespidae, Eumeninae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015), Ancistrocerus antilope (Morgan 1984) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Euodynerus notatus and other
eumenine wasps (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015), Ancistrocerus antilope (Morgan 1984) Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian region of Slovenia.
Chrysis ruddii Shuckart, 1837
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 1. 6. 1991, 1?, 9. 6. 1991, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Rakitovec, VL13, 3. 6. 1992, 2?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 63)
Gostitelji: Ancistrocerus oviventris, A. parietum, A. scoticus (Vespidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015), morda tudi Hoplitis adunca (Megachilidae) (Berland & Bernard 1938) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Ancistrocerus oviventris, A. parietum, A. scoticus (Vespidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015), possibly also Hoplitis adunca (Megachilidae) (Berland & Bernard 1938) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
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Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Slika 63: Chrysis ruddii, samica iz Rakitovca, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 63: Chrysis ruddii female from Rakitovec, coll. PMSL
Chrysis rutiliventris Abeille, 1879
Podčetrtek, TOP - Toplice/Thermae, 27.8. 1945, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL Podčetrtek, OL - Olimje, 15. 7. 1945, 1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL Planina Sveti Križ (= Planina pod Golico), 26. 7. 1925, 1^, A. Taubert leg., PMSL Kamniška Bistrica, VM63, 29. 7. 1993, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 64)
Gostitelji: verjetno Ancistrocerus oviventris in
A. scoticus (Vespidae) (Morgan 1984) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v alpskem in subpanonskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: probably Ancistrocerus oviventris and
A. scoticus (Vespidae) (Morgan 1984) Palaearctic species. Collected in the Alpine and sub-Pannonian regions of Slovenia.
Chrysis schencki Linsenmaier, 1968
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia; Wisniowski 2015: Slovenia Kranjska Gora, 30. 7. 1978, 1?, F. Parré leg., NMLS
Gostitelji: Ancistrocerus trifasciatus, morda tudi A. gazella in A. nigricornis (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v alpskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Ancistrocerus trifasciatus, possibly also A. gazella and A. nigricornis (Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the Alpine region of Slovenia.
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Slika 64: Chrysis rutiliventris, samec iz Kamniške Bistrice, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 64: Chrysis rutiliventris male from Kamniška Bistrica, coll. PMSL
Slika 65: Chrysis solida, samica s Planine Vogar, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 65: Chrysis solida
female from Planina
Vogar, coll. PMSL
66
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Chrysis solida Haupt, 1956
Postojna, VL36, 1983, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Bohinj, Pl. Vogar, VM12, 7. 7. 1995, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 65)
Gostitelji: Ancistrocerus trifasciatus in druge ose lončarke (Vespidae, Eumeninae), ki gnezdijo v rovih v odmrlem lesu (Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v alpskem in dinarskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Ancistrocerus trifasciatus and other eumenine wasps (Vespidae) nesting in cavities in dead wood (Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Palaearctic species. Collected in the Alpine and Dinaric regions of Slovenia.
Chrysis subcoriacea Linsenmaier, 1959
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 13. 5. 1990, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 66)
Gostitelj: morda Ancistrocerus trifasciatus	Host: possibly Ancistrocerus trifasciatus
(Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015)	(Vespidae) (Paukkunen et al. 2015)
Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v	Palaearctic species. Collected in the sub-submediteranskem območju Slovenije. Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 66: Chrysis subcoriacea, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 66: Chrysis
subcoriacea female from
Brje, coll. PMSL
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Chrysis terminata Dahlbom, 1854
Podčetrtek, NW - SZ/NW, 12. 7. 1939, 1?, N - S/N, 13. 7. 1939, 1^, SOT - Sotla, 20. 4. 1946,
1?, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL Koritnice, VL45, 1. 5. 1997, 1?, 9. 3. 1998, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO Rakov Škocjan, VL47, 15. 7. 2005, 1?, S. Polak leg., NMPO Brestovica pri Komnu, UL97, 2. 5. 1990, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 1. 5. 1990, 1?, 24. 3. 1991, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 67), 5. 5.
1989, 1?, photo A. Gogala Log, Lukovica, VL59, 29. 4. 1991, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Ljubljana, 29. 4. 1975, 1?, 12. 5. 1975, 1?, V. Furlan leg., PMSL Vrhnika, 2. 5. 1975, 1?, V. Furlan leg., PMSL Mali Kum, WM00, 26. 7. 1996, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Gostitelj: Ancistrocerus nigricornis
(Vespidae), ki gnezdi v rovih v odmrlem lesu (Paukkunen et al. 2015, lastno opazovanje) Zahodnopalearktična vrsta. Najdena v
predalpskem, subpanonskem, dinarskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Host: Ancistrocerus nigricornis (Vespidae) which nests in cavities in dead wood (Paukkunen et al. 2015, own observation) West Palaearctic species. Collected in the pre-Alpine, sub-Pannonian, Dinaric and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
Slika 67: Chrysis terminata, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 47: Chrysis
interjecta female from
Brje, coll. PMSL
68
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Spintharina Semenov, 1892
Spintharina versicolor (Spinola, 1808)
Koritnice, VL45,1. 7. 1988, 1^, S. Polak leg., NMPO
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 20. 6. 1993, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Brestovica pri Komnu, UL97, 22. 5. 1994, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 68)
Sinji vrh, VL18, 30. 6. 1994, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL
Gostitelj: Celonites abbreviatus (Vespidae, Masarinae) (Linsenmaier 1959, Erlandsson 1974) Mediteranska vrsta. Najdena v
submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Host: Celonites abbreviatus (Vespidae, Masarinae) (Linsenmaier 1959, Erlandsson 1974) Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 68: Spintharina versicolor, samec iz Brestovice, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 68: Spintharina
versicolor male from
Brestovica, coll. PMSL
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SCOPOLIA No 88 - 2016
Pseudospinolia Linsenmaier, 1951
Pseudospinolia neglecta (Shuckard, 1837)
Log, Lukovica, VL59, 13. 5. 1991, 1^, 5. 6. 1993, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 69)
Gostitelji: Odynerus spinipes, O. reniformis, Ancistrocerus parietum, Gymnomerus laevipes (Vespidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palearktična vrsta. Najdena v predalpskem območju Slovenije.
Hosts: Odynerus spinipes, O. reniformis, Ancistrocerus parietum, Gymnomerus laevipes (Vespidae) (Rosa 2006, Paukkunen et al. 2015) Palaearctic species. Collected in the pre-Alpine region of Slovenia.
Slika 69: Pseudospinolia neglecta, samec iz Lukovice, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 69: Pseudospinolia
neglecta male from
Lukovica, coll. PMSL
70
Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Spinolia Dahlbom, 1854
Spinolia dallatorreana (Mocsary, 1896)
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Piran, 1. - 15. VI. 1963, 1^, J. Heinrich leg., NMLS
Podčetrtek, B. - Bistrica ob Sotli?, 13. 7. 1938, 1^, E. Jaeger leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 70)
Gostitelj: Hemipterochilus bembeciformis
(Vespidae) (Linsenmaier 1959) Vzhodnomediteranska vrsta. Najdena v subpanonskem in submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Host: Hemipterochilus bembeciformis
(Vespidae) (Linsenmaier 1959) East Mediterranean species. Collected in the sub-Pannonian and sub-Mediterranean regions of Slovenia.
Spinolia lamprosoma (Forster, 1853)
Strunjan, UL94, 22. 6. 1994, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 71)
Gostitelj: Paragymnomerus spiricornis (Vespidae) (Linsenmaier 1959), a ta podatek pripada tesno sorodni vrsti S. segusiana Vzhodnomediteranska vrsta, zahodnomediteranska oblika je obravnavana kot ločena vrsta S. segusiana. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Host: Paragymnomerus spiricornis (Vespidae) (Linsenmaier 1959), but this record refers to the closely related S. segusiana East Mediterranean species, the West
Mediterranean form is treated as a distinct species S. segusiana. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
Slika 70: Spinolia dallatorreana, samec iz Bistrice ob Sotli (?), zbirka PMSL
Fig. 70: Spinolia dallatorreana male from Bistrica ob Sotli (?), coll. PMSL
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Slika 71: Spinolia lamprosoma, samec iz Strunjana, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 71: Spinolia lamprosoma male from Strunjan, coll. PMSL
Stilbum Spinola, 1806
Stilbum calens Fabricius, 1781
Stilbum calens zimmermanni Linsenmaier, 1959 Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Brje pri Komnu, VL07, 18. 7. 1993, 1?, A. Gogala leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 72) Sečovlje, Fontanigge, UL93, 10. 7. 1994, 1^, A. Gogala leg., PMSL Gorjansko, UL97, 22. 8. 2010, 1?, photo A. Gogala
Gostitelj: Megachile (Chalicodoma) sp. (Megachilidae) (Agnoli in Rosa 2016, po Invrea 1922) Južnoevropska in srednjeazijska vrsta. Najdena v submediteranskem območju Slovenije.
Host: Megachile (Chalicodoma) sp. (Megachilidae) (Agnoli & Rosa 2016, after Invrea 1922) South European and Central Asian species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia.
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Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Stilbum cyanurum (Forster, 1771)
Vogrin 1955: Gorica, coll. A. Hentsch
Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Solkan, Šmaver, UL99, 22. 6. 2011, photo J. Kamin
Gostitelji: ose in čebele, ki gradijo izpostavljena gnezda iz blata: Delta unguiculatum, Katamenes arbustorum (Vespidae), Sceliphron spp. (Sphecidae) in Megachile (Chalicodoma) spp. (Megachilidae) (Agnoli in Rosa 2016) Kozmopolitska vrsta Starega sveta. Najdena v
submediteranskem območju Slovenije. Primerek iz Hrvaške je v zbirki E. Jaegra.
Hosts: wasps and bees which build exposed mud nests: Delta unguiculatum, Katamenes arbustorum (Vespidae), Sceliphron spp. (Sphecidae) and Megachile (Chalicodoma) spp. (Megachilidae) (Agnoli & Rosa 2016) Old World cosmopolitan species. Collected in the sub-Mediterranean region of Slovenia. A specimen from Croatia is in the E. Jaeger collection:
Hr/Cro: Bakar, 10. 7. 1910, A. Taubert leg., PMSL (slika/Fig. 73)
Slika 72: Stilbum calens, samica iz Brij, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 72: Stilbum calens
female from Brje, coll.
PMSL
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Slika 73: Stilbum cyanurum, samec iz Bakra, Hrvaška, zbirka PMSL
Fig. 73: Stilbum cyanurum male from Bakar, Croatia, coll. PMSL
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Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Vrsta umaknjena s seznama / Species omitted from the list
Cleptesputoni Buysson, 1886 Rosa & Soon 2012: Slovenia
Moczar (1998) je to vrsto zabeležil za Slovenijo, vendar je najdišče Krapina na Hrvaškem.
Moczar (1998) recorded this species for Slovenia, but the locality Krapina is situated in Croatia.
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Zaključki
Za ozemlje Slovenije je navedenih 84 vrst zlatih os (Chrysididae). Med njimi je nekaj redkih vrst, kot so na primer vzhodnomedi-teranske Chrysura filiformis, Chrysis jucunda in Spinolia lamprosoma. Vrsta Cleptes putoni Buysson je bila v preteklosti pomotoma zabeležena za Slovenijo. Največ vrst je bilo zbranih na Krasu in v okolici Podčetrtka v Posotelju, kar je posledica večje dejavnosti raziskovalcev na teh območjih. Slovenska favna zlatih os je neenakomerno in preslabo preiskana. Veliko vrst, znanih v sosednjih državah, lahko pričakujemo tudi v Sloveniji. Evropska favna zlatih os šteje 484 vrst (Rosa, Livory in Baldock 2015).
Zahvale
Slavko Polak je omogočil preučitev primerkov iz zbirke Notranjskega muzeja Postojna in preostalih primerkov iz zbirke Mateja Hafnerja, ki so jo poškodovali muzejniki. Posamezne primerke so v zbirko Prirodoslovnega muzeja Slovenije prispevali Savo Brelih, Vincenc Furlan in Stanislav Gomboc. Za nasvete pri težavnih določitvah sem hvaležen Paolu Rosi, Wernerju Arensu in Villu Soonu. Paolo Rosa je posredoval podatke o primerkih v Linsenmaierjevi zbirki.
Conclusions
84 species of cuckoo wasps (Chrysididae) were found in the territory of Slovenia. Among them are some rare species, such as East Mediterranean Chrysura filiformis, Chrysis jucunda and Spinolia lamprosoma. The species Cleptes putoni Buysson had been erroneously attributed to Slovenia in the past. Most species were collected in the Karst and in the surroundings of Podčetrtek in Posotelje - the result of greater activities by researchers in these areas. Slovenian fauna of cuckoo wasps is unevenly and inadequately investigated. Many species known in neighbouring countries are expected in Slovenia as well. The European fauna includes 484 species (Rosa, Livory & Baldock 2015).
Acknowledgements
Slavko Polak has enabled examination of specimens from the collection of Notranjska Museum Postojna and the remaining specimens from the collection of Mate Hafner, which was damaged by anthrenus. Individual specimens in the collection of the Slovenian Museum of Natural History were contributed by Savo Brelih, Vincenc Furlan and Stanislav Gomboc. For advices on difficult determinations I am grateful to Paolo Rosa, Werner Arens and Villu Soon. Paolo Rosa provided data on specimens in the Linsenmaier collection.
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Andrej GOGALA: Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)/
Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
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Vsebina / Contents: Andrej GOGALA:
Zlate ose Slovenije (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
PRIRODOSLOVNI MUZEJ SLOVENIJE