D VE DOMO VINI / TWO HOMELANDS, 1-10 (1990-1999) BIBLIOGRAFIJA Z IZVLEČKI BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS
Janja Žitnik
Uvod / Introduction
Bibliografija prvih desetih letnikov revije Dve domovini/Two Homelands, ki sledi pregledu letnikov in njihovih urednikov, je sestavljena iz treh glavnih delov:
- Zbrana bibliografija vseh prispevkov, objavljenih v rednih in občasnih rubrikah (.Razprave in članki, Viri in gradivo, Portreti, Poročila in razmišljanja, Knjižne ocene) ali v posebnih rubrikah, ki se pojavljajo v posameznem letniku revije' (razvrščena je po abecednem redu avtorjev in po kronološkem zaporedju objav posameznega avtorja);2
- Podrobnejša bibliografija ocenjenih knjig (razvrščena je po abecednem redu njihovih avtorjev oziroma urednikov);
- Slovenski in angleški izvlečki vseh znanstvenih prispevkov (razvrščeni so po abecednem redu avtorjev).
Pri sestavljanju bibliografije sem se zgledovala po bibliografiji člankov v reviji Papers in Slovene Studies 1975-1978 in v prvih petnajstih letnikih revije Slovene Studies: Journal of the Society for Slovene Studies, objavljeni v Slovene Studies, 16
(1994), št. 1 [ izšlo marca 1997]. Ime avtorja je podano v obliki, kakršna se najpogosteje pojavlja v Dveh domovinah. Naslov posameznega članka v Zbrani bibliografiji je naveden v jeziku izvirnega članka. Za naslov revije Dve domovini/Two Homelands uporabljam kratico DD/TH.
Za pomoč pri sestavljanju bibliografije se zahvaljujem bibliotekarkama Simoni Franki in Tatjani Žitnik ter sedanjemu tehničnemu uredniku naše revije.
*
The bibliography of the first ten volumes oiDve domovini/Two Homelands, which follows the survey of the volumes and their editors, is divided into three main sections:
- A Comprehensive Bibliography of all the articles published in the regular sections of the journal (Essays and Articles, Reports and Reflections, Book Reviews), in the occasional sections {Documentation, Portraits), or in the special sections
1 V dvojnem letniku 2-3 (1992) prispevki niso razdeljeni v rubrike.
2 Bibliografija knjižnih ocen je v tem delu navedena v nekoliko krajši obliki.
Dve domovini • Two Homelands, 11-12 • 2000, 7-72
which only appear in specific volumes3 (articles are listed alphabetically by author and by publication date for each author);4
- A detailed Bibliography of Books Reviewed (alphabetically by author or editor);
- Slovene and English Abstracts of all the scholarly articles (alphabetically by author).
As a model for the structure of the bibliography I used the Cumulative Index With Abstracts of Slovene Studies, published in Slovene Studies, 16 (1994), No. 1 (published in March 1997). Authors’ names are given in the form which occurs most frequently in Dve domovini/Two Homelands. In the Comprehensive Bibliography the title of each article is given in the language of the original article. The title of the journal is abbreviated to DD/TH.
I would like to acknowledge the specialized assistance of Simona Franki and Tatjana Žitnik, and the practical assistance of the current technical editor of this journal.
Pregled letnikov in njihovih urednikov /
A survey of the volumes and their editors
1 (1990), glavni urednik / Editor: Andrej Vovko, odgovorni urednik / Managing Editor: Ferdo Gestrin. 415 (+21) str./pp.;
2-3 (1992), glavni urednik / Editor: Andrej Vovko, odgovorni urednik / Managing Editor: Ferdo Gestrin. 424 (+ 22) str./pp.;
4 (1993), glavni urednik / Editor: Marjan Drnovšek, odgovorni urednik / Managing
Editor: Ferdo Gestrin. 230 (+ 13) str./pp.;
5 (1994), glavni urednik / Editor: Marjan Drnovšek, odgovorni urednik / Managing
Editor: Ferdo Gestrin. 193 (+ 13) str./pp.;
6 (1995), glavni urednik / Editor: Marjan Drnovšek, odgovorni urednik / Managing
Editor: Ferdo Gestrin. 163 (+ 16) str./pp.;
7 (1996), glavna urednica / Editor: Janja Žitnik, odgovorni urednik / Managing Edi-
tor: Ferdo Gestrin. 311 (+ 21) str./pp.;
8 (1997), glavna urednica / Editor: Janja Žitnik, odgovorni urednik / Managing Edi-
tor: Ferdo Gestrin. 240 (+ 14) str./pp.;
9 (1998), glavna urednica / Editor: Janja Žitnik, odgovorni urednik / Managing Edi-
tor: Ferdo Gestrin. 246 (+ 16) str./pp.;
10 (1999), glavna urednica / Editor: Janja Žitnik, odgovorni urednik / Managing Edi-
tor: Marjan Drnovšek, Posvečeno spominu akademika prof. dr. Ferda Gestrina. 278 (+ 10) str./pp.
3 The articles are not divided into sections in the double volume 2-3 (1992).
4 In this section, the bibliography of book reviews appears in a somewhat shorter form.
ZBRANA BIBLIOGRAFIJA 5 / COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY 6
ADAMIČ, France. The links between Louis Adamič and Slovene journalists and literary figures (1921-1941). DD/TH, 9 (1998), 55-65.*
BEVC, Milena. Slovenski emigranti na začetku devetdesetih let - regionalna analiza. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 95-110.*
— Potential emigration of scientists from Slovenia in the mid 1990s. DD/TH, 9
(1998), 167-189.*
BIRSA, Irena. Ethnic radio in Australia and Slovene language broadcasting: Development and direction. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 219-238.*
BRECELJ, Aleš. Slovenski etnični tisk v Argentini do druge svetovne vojne. DD/ TH, 2-3 (1992), 167-183.*
BUDJA, Avguština. Slovenes in Sweden. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 219-240.*
BUFON, Milan. Prostorska mobilnost obmejnega prebivalstva kot faktor prekomej-nega povezovanja. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 111-122.*
CESAR-NEDZBALA, Polonca. Rajska dolina. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 83-106.*
CHRISTIAN, Henry A. The Prosveta English language section: Certainly not hard news, and never intended to be. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 27-42.*
— & Tine T. KURENT. Reading a painting: Maxo Vanka’s collage »World War II«. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 89-105.*
CORSELLIS, John. The Slovene political emigration 1945-50. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 131-159.*
ČEBULJ-SAJKO, Breda. Preteklo in sedanje delovanje Inštituta za slovensko izseljenstvo. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 11-20.*
— The past and the present activity of the Institute for Slovene Emigration Research. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 21-32.*
—	Raziskave o Slovencih v Avstraliji. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 317-332.*
—	Marjan Drnovšek, Pot slovenskih izseljencev na tuje: Od Ljubljane do Ellis	Is-
landa - Otoka solza v New Yorku: 1880-1924. Ljubljana 1991. DD/TH, 2-3
(1992), 409-413 (ocena / review).
— Jurij Zalokar, Mavrična kača. Radovljica 1990. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 415-417 (ocena / review).
— Pregled dosedanjega etnološkega raziskovanja slovenskega izseljenstva. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 87-108.*
— Dosežki in načrti v raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva po znanstvenih disci-
5 Razen avtorja je v krepkem tisku naveden tudi letnik revije, v oklepaju mu sledi letnica izida. Članki, katerih povzetki so objavljeni v zadnjem delu te bibliografije, so označeni z zvezdico*.
6 The author’s name and the number of the volume appear in bold, the latter is followed by the year of publication in brackets. An asterisk* at the end of respective entries identifies the articles which are summarized in the last section of this bibliography.
plinah: Diskusija. [Konkretno o ohranjanju in urejanju izseljenskega arhivskega gradiva]. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 175-176.
•— Vzroki za izselitev - spomini izseljencev na čas njihovega odhoda v tujino. DD/ TH, 6 (1995), 53-63.*
— Tretje mednarodno srečanje raziskovalcev slovenskega izseljenstva, Portorož, 18.-19. maj 1995. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 125-129.
— Andrej Rot, Republika duhov. Ljubljana 1994. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 149-151 (ocena / review).
— Janja Žitnik, Orel in korenine med »brušenjem« in cenzuro. Ljubljana 1995. DD/ TH, 6 (1995), 154-155 (ocena / review).
— Ethnic identity of the first postwar generation of Australian Slovenes. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 47-59.*
— Avtobiografska metoda (okrogla miza v okviru historičnega seminarja ZRC SAZU, 10. maj 1999). DD/TH, 10 (1999), 201-203.
— Nekaj besed o obisku Inštituta Polonijny v Krakovu. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 205-207.
— 34. svetovni kongres Mednarodnega sociološkega inštituta (Multiple modernities in an era of globalization, Tel Aviv, Izrael, 11.-15. julij 1999). DD/TH, 10 (1999), 215-217.
DETELA, Lev. Tone Brule, Argentina. Ljubljana 1997. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 242-246 (ocena / review).
— Igor Šentjurc, Voters Land. Miinchen 1997. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 265-270 (ocena / review).
DJUPEDAL, Knut. Basic information on the AEMI member institutions and projects. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 211-214.
DRNOVŠEK, Marjan. Delovanje Toma Brejca med slovenskimi izseljenci v Franciji v letih 1936-39. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 179-204.*
— Izseljensko in drugo časopisje med Slovenci v zahodni Evropi do leta 1940. DD/ TH, 2-3 (1992), 265-316.*
— Breda Čebulj-Sajko, Med srečo in svobodo: Avstralski Slovenci o sebi. Ljubljana 1992. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 419-422 (ocena / review).
— Uvodne misli. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 7-9.
— Načrti in rezultati raziskovanja slovenskega izseljenstva do leta 1941 - s posebnim poudarkom na izseljevanju v Ameriko do prve svetovne vojne. DD/TH, 4
(1993), 11-40.*
— Mass emigration and Slovenes. DD/TH, 5 (1994), 19-36.*
— Dorica Makuc, Aleksandrinke. Gorica 1993. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 145-146 (ocena/ review).
— Slovene Studies, Journal of the Society for Slovene Studies, Volume 14, number 2, 1992. Bloomington, Indiana. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 151-154 (ocena / review).
— Slovenska izseljenska društva v zahodnoevropskih državah med obema svetovnima vojnama. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 33^19.*
— »Zgodovina izseljencev ni zgodovina naroda«. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 207-212.
— Spomenica Jugoslovanske izseljeniške katoliške akcije iz Aumetza v Franciji (1931). DD/TH, 9 (1998), 113-135.*
— Konferenca Zveze evropskih migracijskih ustanov, Omagh (Severna Irska), 25 — 27. september 1997. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 213-216.
— Polona Šega, Slovenski kostanjarji na Dunaju: Prebivalci nekdanjega velikolaš-kega okraja kot kostanjarji v cesarskem mestu. Novo mesto 1997. DD/TH, 9
(1998), 236-238 (ocena / review).
— Printed material and the mass emigration of Slovenes. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 139— 143.
EMERŠIČ, Darja & Matjaž KLEMENČIČ. -> KLEMENČIČ, Matjaž.
FORA, Monica Elisabeth, MAFFIA, Marta Mercedes, MORGANTE, Maria Gabriela. -» MAFFIA, Marta Mercedes.
FORNAZARIČ, Jožko. Slovenski študenti po svetu = Slovene students around the world. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 137-142.
FRIŠ, Darko. Delovanje šolskih sester kongregacije sv. Frančiška Asiškega - Kristusa Kralja v ZDA med letoma 1909 in 1915. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 371-389.*
— Jugoslovanska katoliška jednota (1898-1920). DD/TH, 5 (1994), 37-62.*
GANTAR GODINA, Irena. Slovene students in central and eastern Europe up to
1918. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 249-260.*
— Slovene Studies Day na SSEES Univerze v Londonu 18. novembra 1995. DD/ 777,7 (1996), 263-264.
— Stiki z raziskovalci izseljenske problematike v Kanadi. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 269-271.
— Letno srečanje Zveze evropskih inštitutov za migracije (the Association of European Migration Institutes - AEMI) od 28.-30. 9. 1996 v Krakovu. DD/TH, 7
(1996), 279-281.
— Inštitut za izseljenstvo ZRC SAZU na British-Slovene Society, School of Slavonic and East European studies in King’s College Univerze v Londonu od 6.-11. 12. 1996. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 205-206.
— Letna konferenca AEMI v organizaciji Inštituta za slovensko izseljenstvo ZRC SAZU v Portorožu, 29. september - 2. oktober 1999. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 209-210.
GENORIO, Rado. Slovenski tisk v Kanadi. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 343-351.*
GESTRIN, Ferdo. Zgodovinske primerjave. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 33-41.*
GIORDANO, Aurelio, ŽITNIK, Janja, DJUPEDAL, Knut, BEIJBOM, Ulf, BENDER, Henning, TOLFSBY, Dina, KOI VUK AN G AS, Olavi, KLEMENČIČ, Matjaž, WURL, Joel, LAMBKIN, Brian, WALASZEK, Adam. Press and emigration: Roundtable discussion, 1 October 1999 [within] AEMI - The Association of European Migration Institutions Annual Meeting, Portorož, Slovenia, 29 September - 2 October 1999. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 151— 167.
GLAVAN, Mihael. Doslej neznano pismo Louisa Adamiča iz zadnjega leta njegovega življenja: Prispevek h gradivski osnovi in raziskovanju Adamičevih kulturnih in političnih stikov s slovenskimi sodobniki. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 153-167.*
GLUŠIČ, Helga. Poezija Karla Mauserja. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 195-204.*
— Tone Rode, Mesto pristan. Buenos Aires 1997. DD/TH, 10(1999), 262-264 (ocena / review).
GRANDA, Stane. Darko Friš, ur., Prvih sto let Kranjsko slovenske katoliške jednote: Pregled zgodovine KSKJ 1894-1994. Ljubljana 1997. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 227-230 (ocena / review).
HORVAT, Avgust. Demographic movements in Slovene emigration to Argentina: The search for living space. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 205-217.*
— Prizadevanja za izobrazbo med slovenskimi izseljenci v Argentini. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 37-48.*
— Prizadevanja slovenskih izseljencev za predajo materinščine svojim potomcem v deželi pod južnim križem. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 137-148.*
— Začetek, razvoj in današnje stanje srednješolskih tečajev v povojni slovenski emigraciji v Argentini. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 35-45.*
JEVNIKAR, Martin. Slovenski domovi v Južni Ameriki. Db/TH, 1 (1996), 97-112.*
JURAK, Mirko. Ivan Dolenc and John Križane: Two Canadian authors of Slovene origin. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 301-307.*
KALC, Aleksej. Smernice preučevanja izseljenstva v slovenskem zamejstvu v Italiji in slovensko izseljevanje z zamejskega prostora v delih italijanskih avtorjev. DD/ TH, 5 (1994), 151-175.*
— Poročilo o simpoziju »Emigrazione e territorio: Tra bisogno e ideale« (Izseljevanje in teritorij: Med potrebo in idealom). DD/TH, 5 (1994), 183-186.
— Hoffnung Amerika: Europaische Auswanderung in die Neue Welt. Karin Schulz (Hrsg.). Bremerhaven 1994. DD/TH, 5 (1994), 187-193 (ocena / review).
— Ladijske potniške evidence kot vir za zgodovino izseljenstva, s posebnim ozirom na izseljenske sezname tržaškega pristanišča. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 51-69.*
— Emilio Franzina, Merica! Merica! Emigrazione e colonizzazione nelle lettere dei contadini veneti e friulani in America Latina 1876-1902. Verona 1994. DD/TH, 1 (1996), 301-309 (ocena / review).
— Razvojni obrisi izseljenske zakonodaje v 19. stoletju in do prve svetovne vojne. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 9-35.*
— Carlo Donato, Pio Nodari, L 'emigrazione giuliana nel mondo: Note introduttive. Trieste 1995. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 231-240 (ocena / review).
KLEMENČIČ, Matjaž. Elections for councilmen in the city of Cleveland and Slovenes of Cleveland. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 353-369.*
— Dosežki in načrti v raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva po znanstvenih disciplinah po letu 1945. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 41-59.*
— & Darja EMERŠIČ. Ideja in poskusi izgradnje Slovenskega narodnega doma na St. Clairu v Clevelandu. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 137-159.*
KLINAR, Peter. Zamisli o sodelovanju med Slovenci in njihovimi potomci v matici in v tujini. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 319-341.*
— Sodobne evropske migracije in Slovenija. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 199-217.*
— Nekateri sodobni vidiki slovenskih emigracijskih procesov: Skica o sodobnih slovenskih migracijah. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 81-94.*
KOCJANČIČ, Cvetka. Slovene identity: The Canadian experience. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 213-220.
— Združevanje kanadskih Slovencev. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 149-160.*
KODRIČ, Majda. Nekateri pristopi k problematiki druge generacije v okviru raziskovanja priseljenstva v ZDA. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 161-177.*
— Fotografski krožek - Gruppo fotografico Rečan, Fotoalbum izseljencev iz Benečije - Fotoalbum degli emigranti della Benecia: S študijami o posameznih migracijskih obdobjih - Con saggi suiperiodi delJenomeno migratorio. Trst 1986. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 403-407 (ocena / review).
— The press as a link between the leaders and the rank and file of an ethnic fraternal organization: Handling the situation of second generation membership in the KSKJ’s organs. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 195-207.*
— Drugo srečanje raziskovalcev izseljenstva, Opčine 8. 10. 1993. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 223-224.
— Zanimanje slovenskih misijonarjev v Severni Ameriki za izseljevanje rojakov, kot se odraža v dopisih v Zgodnji danici. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 9-20.*
— Ivan Čizmič, Povijest Hrvatske bratske zajednice 1894-1994. Zagreb 1994. DD/ TH, 6 (1995), 146-149 (ocena / review).
KOLAR, Bogdan. Družba svetega Rafaela do ustanovitve ljubljanske podružnice. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 107-119.*
— St. Joseph KSKJ local lodge, Bridgeport, Connecticut. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 61-78.*
KOOP, Kathryn. The new immigrant and the immigrant press in the New York area. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 43-53.*
KRŽIŠNIK-BUKIČ, Vera. Dosežki in načrti v raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva po znanstvenih disciplinah: Diskusija. [Proučevanje Slovencev v prostoru bivše Jugoslavije: stanje in načrti.] DD/TH, 4 (1993), 159-161.
KURENT, Tine. Pisma Louisa Adamiča nečaku Tinetu. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 21-IZ.*
— Kaj bo z gradivom profesorja Christiana za monografijo o Louisu Adamiču. DD/ TH, 10 (1999), 171-180.*
— Promocija Slovenije, Louisa Adamiča, Ivana Cimermana in Frana Levstika na japonskih straneh interneta. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 223-231.
— & Henry A. CHRISTIAN. CHRISTIAN, Henry A.
KUZMIČ, Mihael. Amerikanski Slovencov glas. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 55-66.*
— Dosežki in načrti v raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva po znanstvenih disci-
plinah: Diskusija. [Dosedanje delo in načrti raziskovanja prekmurskih izseljencev v Betlehemu, Pa. (ZDA)]. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 162-164.
— Izseljevanje iz Prekmurja med prvo in drugo svetovno vojno v luči sodelavcev Mladega Prekmurca. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 29—42.*
— Slovenska evangeličansko-luteranska cerkev Svetega Ivana v Betlehemu, Pensilvanija, ZDA. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 131-152.*
— Gradivo o prihodu prekmurskih izseljencev v newyorsko pristanišče v letih 1891-1958. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 127-130.
— Jože Mihelič (14. marec 1902 - 7. maj 1989). DD/TH, 8 (1997), 187-192.
— Med prekmurskimi rojaki v Betlehemu v Pennsylvaniji: Kratek zapis o delovnem in raziskovalnem obisku od 4. do 21. oktobra 1999. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 219-222.
LENČEK, Rado L. Problems and perspectives of ethnic identification: Withering away or reaffirmation?. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 205-218.*
— Eulogy of a man of two homelands. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 393-401.
LIKIČ GUČEK, Milan. Peter Vodopivec in Joža Mahnič, ur., Slovenska trideseta leta: Simpozij 1995. Ljubljana 1997. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 238-242 (ocena / review).
— & Janja ŽITNIK. ŽITNIK, Janja.
LUKSIČ, Igor. Zvone Žigon, Otroci dveh domovin: Slovenstvo v Južni Ameriki. Ljubljana 1998. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 235-236 (ocena / review).
LUKSIČ-HACIN, Marina. Pregled dosedanjih (slovenskih) socioloških raziskav o slovenski izseljenski problematiki v Evropi od leta 1945 dalje. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 113-124.*
— Izseljenci v luči slovenske sociologije (analitični pregled sociološkega gradiva). DD/TH, 4 (1993), 109-131.*
— Dr. Božo Škerlj in slovenski izseljenci v Ameriki. DD/TH, 5 (1994), 115-121.*
— Med slovenskimi izseljenci na Švedskem. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 131-136.
— Janja Žitnik, Pogovori o Louisu Adamiču. Ljubljana 1995. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 161-163 (ocena / review).
— 29. nacionalna konvencija AAASS. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 217-218.
MAFFIA, Marta Mercedes, MORGANTE, Maria Gabriela, FORA, Monica Elisabeth. Lithuanian immigration to Argentina. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 191-210.*
MALAČIČ, Janez. Nekatera aktualna vprašanja demografskega in ekonomskega vidika raziskovanja slovenskega izseljenstva. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 149-157.*
— Demographic transition, emigration and long-term economic development: Countries with the highest emigration in Europe. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 181-198.*
MAVER, Igor. Slovene immigrant literature in the postmodern world: The rise of multiculturality and multi-ethnicity in Australia, the United States of America and Canada. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 103-111.*
— The literary creativity of Slovene migrants in Australia in English: The Second Landing by Victoria Zabukovec. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 241-247.*
— Danijela Hliš and her new collection of verse Hideaway Serenade. DD/TH, 8
(1997), 81-88.*
— Irena Birsa: An Australian poet and scholar of Slovene descent. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 115-119.*
MILAČ, Metod M. Petje druži nove priseljence: Ustanovitev in prva leta pevskega zbora Korotan. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 49-70.*
MILANIČ, Irena. Mary Jugg Molek - an American writer and poet with Slovene roots. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 79-114.*
MILHARČIČ-HLADNIK, Mirjam. Marina Lukšič-Hacin, Multikulturalizem in migracije. Ljubljana 1999. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 256-258 (ocena / review).
MISLEJ, Irene. Slovenski tisk v Argentini po drugi svetovni vojni. DD/TH, 2—3
(1992), 185-194.*
— Primorski odbor: Politično delovanje primorskih Slovencev med drugo svetovno vojno v Argentini. DD/TH, 5 (1994), 85-113.*
MORGANTE, Maria Gabriela, MAFFIA, Marta Mercedes, FORA, Monica Elisabeth. —> MAFFIA, Marta Mercedes.
NOVAK, Bogdan C. Adamic and Yugoslavia during World War II: The Slovene Catholic response. DD/TH, 5 (1994), 63-84.*
— Louis Adamic’s work for the official recognition of Tito and the national liberation movement of Yugoslavia by the United States government. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 67-83.*
PEROTTI, Antonio. Archives historiques du CIEMI (la presse de Fimmigration italienne en France pendant la periode fasciste, 1921-1945). DD/TH, 10 (1999), 183-193.
PETRIČ, Jerneja. Izseljenska avtobiografija v ZDA - primer slovenskih Američanov. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 239-245.*
— Ponovno: Adamič - pisatelj, da ali ne?. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 269-274.*
— In memoriam: Remembering Henry A. Christian 1931-1997. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 193-195.
— Mediator between two cultures: Louis Adamic’s translation of Alojz Kraigher’s short story into English. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 85-93.*
PEZDIRC-BARTOL, Mateja. Janja Žitnik s sodelovanjem Helge Glušič, ur., Slovenska izseljenska književnost 2: Severna Amerika. Ljubljana 1999. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 243-246 (ocena / review).
PLUT-PREGELJ} Leopoldina. Katoliški šolski sistem v Združenih državah Amerike in ustanavljanje osnovnih šol pri slovenskih župnijah (1895-1941). DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 391-407.*
PONIŽ, Denis. Vrednote zdomske literature. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 219-222.
RACHLEFF, Peter J. The Croatian Fraternal Union, Zajedničar and the second generation. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 11-25.*
RAVNIK, Mojca. Dosežki in načrti v raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva po znan-
stvenih disciplinah: Diskusija. [Družina, sorodstvo in izseljenstvo]. DD/TH, 4
(1993), 164-167.
ROT, Andrej. Slovenski tisk v Argentini po drugi svetovni vojni. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 209-235.*
SAMEC, Marija. Kulturne prireditve ob 100-letnici rojstva Louisa Adamiča. DD/ TH, 9 (1998), 219-222.
SKRBIŠ, Zlatko. On ethnic »communities« in non-native environments. DD/TH, 5
(1994), 137-149.*
SLAVEC, Ingrid. Etnološko preučevanje etnične identitete slovenskih izseljencev.
DD/TH, 1 (1990), 309-317.*
STAMMERS, Michael. »A working man’s paradise« - English awareness of emigration and New Zealand in the age of sail. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 121-133.* STANONIK, Janez. The prehistory of Slovene journalism in the United States. DD/ TH, 2-3 (1992), 125-140.*
— Friderik Baraga: Ob dvestoletnici rojstva. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 15-32.*
— Slovenci v Združenih državah: Obdobje 1848-1891. DD/TH, 1 (1996), 113-129.* STOLARIK, M. Mark. The Slovak press in the late 19th and early 20th centuries,
with particular emphasis on the Slovak-American press, 1885-1918. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 141-166.*
SULIČ, Nives. »Zmanjkali so čez noč«: O izseljevanju v ZDA iz Bele krajine. DD/ TH, 6 (1995), 21-28.*
— Glasbeni ambasadorji Republike Slovenije med Slovenci v ZDA: Čustva ali razum?. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 273-277.
— Breda Čebulj Sajko, Etnologija in izseljenstvo: Slovenci po svetu kot predmet etnoloških raziskav v letih 1926-1993. Ljubljana 1999. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 254-256 (ocena / review).
SUSEL, Rudolf M. Poslanstvo in vloga časopisa Ameriška domovina v zgodovini ameriških Slovencev, 1919-91. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 237-251.*
SUŠA, Barbara. Bronasti tolkač in V kljunu golobice Berta Pribca. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 291-299.*
— Dosežki in načrti v raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva po znanstvenih disciplinah: Diskusija. [Pogledi na književnost Slovencev v Avstraliji]. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 167-171.
ŠABEC, Nada. Sociolinguistic studies of Slovene immigration issues. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 133-143.*
ŠMITEK, Zmago. Janez Krstnik Mesar - portret tonkinškega misijonarja iz 18. stoletja. DD/TH, 5 (1994), 7-17.*
ŠVENT, Rozina. Tiski slovenskih beguncev v taboriščih v Avstriji in Italiji. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 67-101.*
— Štiridesetletnica delovanja Slovenske kulturne akcije. DD/TH, 5 (1994), 179— 182.
— Begunski usodi naproti. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 43-51.*
— Mirko Gogala, Usoda izseljencev. Buenos Aires 1996. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 223-227 (ocena / review).
— Pomen osebnih pisem (korespondence) in dnevnikov pri predstavitvi celostne podobe umetnikov. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 13-26.*
TERSEGLAV, Marko. Marija Stanonik, ur., Traditiones, 26/1997. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 231-235 (ocena / review).
TREBŠE-ŠTOLFA, Milica. Slovenian Cultural Association Simon Gregorčič, Toronto, Ont., Canada, celebrates its 30th anniversary. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 373-381.
— Dosežki in načrti v raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva po znanstvenih disciplinah: Diskusija. [Evidentiranje arhivskega gradiva pri društvih slovenskih izseljencev]. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 171-175.
VALENČIČ, Vlado. Izseljevanje Slovencev v tujino do druge svetovne vojne. DD/ TH, 1 (1990), 43-82.*
VOVKO, Andrej. Zborniku na pot = Foreword. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 7-10.
— Udje Družbe sv. Mohorja v ZDA do leta 1900. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 121-135.*
— Immigration History Research Center (Raziskovalni center za zgodovino priseljevanja) Univerze Minnesota v St. Paulu, ZDA, in njegova slovensko-ameriška zbirka. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 383-391.
— Ljubomir Antič, Nase iseljeništvo u Južnoj Americi i stvaranje jugoslavenske države 1918. Zagreb 1987. DD/TH, I (1990), 409-410 (ocena / review).
— Uvodna beseda = Foreword. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 7-9.
— Slovenski begunci v Avstriji v luči časopisa Domači glasovi. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 333-342.*
— Darko Friš, Ameriški Slovenci in katoliška cerkev 1871-1924. Celovec 1995. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 158-161 (ocena / review).
— Irena Gantar Godina, ur., Soočenje mita in realnosti ob prihodu izseljencev v novo okolje. Ljubljana 1996. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 287-289 (ocena/review).
— Marjan Drnovšek, Drago Bajt, ur., Slovenska kronikaXX. stoletja, 1. knjiga 1900-1941. Ljubljana 1995. DD/TH, 1 (1996), 298-301 (ocena / review).
— Leopoldina Plut-Pregelj, Carole Rogel, Historical Dictionary of Slovenia. Lan-ham, Maryland, and London, 1996. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 309-311 (ocena/ review).
— Irena Gantar Godina, ur., Intelektualci v diaspori: Zbornik referatov simpozija »100. obletnica rojstva Louisa Adamiča - Intelektualci v diaspori«. Ljubljana 1999. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 251-254 (ocena / review).
WALASZEK, Adam. Polish workers in the USA (1880-1925): Peasants - Poles -ethnics. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 107-124.*
WURL, Joel. The Immigration History Research Center and the Slovenian American Collection. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 181-182.
ZALOKAR, Jurij. Immigration and psychiatry: Yugoslav-born minority in Victoria. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 343-371.*
— Language barrier - immigrants and cultural change. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 71-80.*
— Ivan Kos: Slovenec v carski Rusiji. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 171-185.*
— Nostalgija in opus Johanna Christopha Biernatzkega. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 161— 166.*
ZAVRATNIK, Simona. Vera Kržišnik-Bukič, ur., Slovenci v Hrvaški. Ljubljana 1995. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 289-295 (ocena / review).
ZUPAN-SOSIČ, Alojzija. Janja Žitnik s sodelovanjem Helge Glušič, ur., Slovenska izseljenska književnost 3: Južna Amerika. Ljubljana 1999. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 247-251 (ocena / review).
ŽBOGAR, Alenka. Janja Žitnik s sodelovanjem Helge Glušič, ur., Slovenska izseljenska književnost 1: Evropa, Avstralija, Azija. Ljubljana 1999. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 239-243 (ocena / review).
ŽIGON, Zvone. Funkcionalni bilingvizem in Slovenci v Argentini in Urugvaju. DD/ TH, 7 (1996), 71-95.*
— Marina Lukšič Hacin, Ko tujina postane dom: Resocializacija in narodna identiteta pri slovenskih izseljencih. Ljubljana 1995. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 285-286 (ocena / review).
— Slovenstvo med potomci Slovencev: Poročilo o študijskem potovanju po Južni Ameriki. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 199-204.
— Slovenstvo v Venezueli. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 21-33.*
— Inštitut za slovensko izseljenstvo ZRC SAZU na 50. jubilejni konvenciji AAASS. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 197-200.
— Marjan Drnovšek, Usodna privlačnost Amerike. Ljubljana 1998. DD/TH, 10
(1999), 236-238 (ocena / review).
— Jože Rant, ur., Zbornik dela v zvestobi in ljubezni: Zedinjena Slovenija 1948-1998. Buenos Aires 1998. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 258-261 (ocena / review).
— Božidar Fink, Na tujem v domovini. Celovec, Ljubljana, Dunaj 1999. DD/TH, 10
(1999), 261-262 (ocena / review).
ŽITNIK, Janja.7 Zamuda slovenske objave Orla in korenin. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 247-267.*
— Slovenskoargentinski pesnik Vinko Žitnik. DD/TH, 1 (1990), 275-290.*
— Louis Adamic’s periodicals. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 253-263.*
— Literarnozgodovinske raziskave slovenske izseljenske književnosti. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 61-67.*
— Izbrana bibliografija literarnozgodovinskih monografij, razprav in člankov s področja slovenske izseljenske književnosti. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 67-85.
— Dosežki in načrti v raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva po znanstvenih disciplinah: Diskusija. [Nekaj izhodišč za prihodnje raziskave slovenske izseljenske književnosti]. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 176-179.
— Raziskovanje slovenskega izseljenstva: Pogoji in kriteriji. DD/TH, 4 (1993), 225-230.
— Lev Detela: Upornik med literati. DD/TH, 5 (1994), 123-135.*
7 Uredniških objav s tehnično vsebino ne navajamo.
— Mladostna bojevitost Milene Merlak: Ob pesničini šestdesetletnici. DD/TH, 6
(1995), 65-80.*
— Nada Šabec, Half pa pu: The language of Slovene Americans. Ljubljana 1995. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 155-158 (ocena / review).
— Spremna beseda = Foreword. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 9-12.
— Vojeslav Mole. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 169-193.*
— Desetletnica delovanja Inštituta za slovensko izseljenstvo ZRC SAZU. DD/TH, 7 (1996), 265-267.
— Igor Maver, ur., Ethnic literature and culture in the USA, Canada and Australia. Frankfurt am Main 1996. DD/TH, 1 (1996), 296-298 (ocena / review).
— Odločen korak v novo desetletje življenja: Portret akademika prof. dr. Ferda Gestrina. DD/TH, 8 (1997), 163-169.
— Spremna beseda = Foreword. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 7-10.
— Louis Adamic, a Slovene, an American, an observer, a fighter, a ‘poet’. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 95-110.*
— Deset let revije Dve domovini / Two Homelands = Ten years of Dve domovini / Two Homelands. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 11-18.
— Slovene emigrant literature, periodicals and other publications and the reading public in Slovenia. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 145-149.
— & Milan LIKIČ GUČEK. Ob 100. obletnici rojstva Louisa Adamiča - Intelektualci v diaspori, Portorož, 1.-5. september 1998. DD/TH, 9 (1998), 223-229.
BIBLIOGRAFIJA OCENJENIH KNJIG / BIBLIOGRAPHY OF BOOKS REVIEWED
Antič, Ljubomir. Naše iseljeništvo u Južnoj Americi i stvaranje jugoslavenske države 1918. Zagreb: Školska knjiga, 1987, 221 str./pp.
DD/TH, 1 (1990), 409-410. Vovko, Andrej.
Brulc, Tone. Argentina. Ljubljana: Založba Modrijan, 1997, 228 str./pp.
DD/TH, 9 (1998), 242-246. Detela, Lev.
Čebulj-Sajko, Breda. Med srečo in svobodo: Avstralski Slovenci o sebi. Ljubljana: Samozaložba, 1992, 251 str./pp.
DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 419-422. Drnovšek, Marjan.	j
— Etnologija in izseljenstvo: Slovenci po svetu kot predmet etnoloških raziskav v letih 1926-1993. Ljubljana: Slovensko etnološko društvo, 1999 (Knjižnica Glasnika Slovenskega etnološkega društva, 29), 182 str./pp.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 254-256. Sulič, Nives.
Čizmič, Ivan. Povijest Hrvatske bratske zajednice 1894-1994. Zagreb: Golden marketing, 1994, 358 str./pp.
DD/TH, 6 (1995), 146-149. Kodrič, Majda.
Donato, Carlo & Pio Nodari. L 'emigrazione giuliana nel mondo: Note introduttive. Trieste: Quaderni del centro studi economico-politici »E. Vanoni«, Nuova serie, N. 3/4, 1995, 166 str./pp.
DD/TH, 8 (1997), 231-240. Kalc, Aleksej.
Drnovšek, Marjan. Pot slovenskih izseljencev na tuje: Od Ljubljane do Ellis Islanda
- Otoka solza v New Yorku: 1880-1924. Ljubljana: Mladika, 1991, 244 str./pp. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 409-413. Čebulj-Sajko, Breda.
— Usodna privlačnost Amerike. Ljubljana: Nova revija, 1998 (Korenine), 390 str./pp. DD/TH, 10 (1999), 236-238. Žigon, Zvone.
— & Drago Bajt, ur./ed. Slovenska kronikaXX. stoletja: I. knjiga 1900-1941. Ljubljana: Nova revija, 1995, 457 str./pp.
DD/TH, 7 (1996), 298-301. (Ocena prispevkov o izseljenstvu). Vovko, Andrej.
Fink, Božidar. Na tujem v domovini. Celovec-Ljubljana-Dunaj: Mohorjeva družba, 1999, 174 str./pp.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 261-262. Žigon, Zvone.
Franzina, Emilio. Merica! Merica! Emigrazione e colonizzazione nelle lettere dei contadini veneti e friulani in America Latina 1876-1902. 2. izdaja / 2nd ed., Verona 1994, 270 str./pp.
DD/TH, 7 (1996), 301-309. Kalc, Aleksej.
Friš, Darko. Ameriški Slovenci in katoliška cerkev 1871-1924. Celovec-Ljubljana-Dunaj: Mohorjeva družba, 1995, 417 str./pp.
DD/TH, 6 (1995), 158-161. Vovko, Andrej.
— , ur./ed. Prvih sto let Kranjsko slovenske katoliške jednote: Pregled zgodovine KSKJ 1894-1994. Ljubljana: Izseljensko društvo Slovenija v svetu & Založba Ilex, 1997, 294 str./pp.
DD/TH, 8 (1997), 227-230. Granda, Stane.
Gantar Godina, Irena, ur./ed. Soočenje mita in realnosti ob prihodu izseljencev v novo okolje: Zbornik referatov s simpozija, Portorož, Slovenija, 18.-19. maja 1995 = The confrontation between myth and reality on the arrival of the emigrants to a new land: Proceedings of the symposium, Portorož, Slovenia, May 18
- May 19, 1995. Ljubljana: Znanstvenoraziskovalni center SAZU, Inštitut za izseljenstvo, 1996, 231 str./pp.
DD/TH, 7 (1996), 287-289. Vovko, Andrej.
— , ur./ed. Intelektualci v diaspori: Zbornik referatov simpozija »100. obletnica rojstva Louisa Adamiča - Intelektualci v diaspori«, Portorož, Slovenija 1.—5. septembra 1998 - Intellectuals in diaspora: Proceedings of the symposium »100th birth anniversary of Louis Adamic - Intellectuals in diaspora«, Portorož, Slove-
nia, 1-5 September 1998. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC, ZRC SAZU, Inštitut za slovensko izseljenstvo, 1999, 248 str./pp.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 251-254. Vovko, Andrej.
Gogala, Mirko. Usoda izseljencev. Buenos Aires: Slovenska kulturna akcija, 1996,
326 str./pp.
DD/TH, 8 (1997), 223-227. Švent, Rozina.
Kržišnik-Bukič, Vera, ur./ed. Slovenci v Hrvaški. Ljubljana: Inštitut za narodnostna vprašanja, 1995.
DD/TH, 1 (1996), 289-295. Zavratnik, Simona.
Lukšič-Hacin, Marina. Ko tujina postane dom: Resocializacija in narodna identiteta pri slovenskih izseljencih. Ljubljana: Znanstveno in publicistično središče, 1995 (Sophia, 7/95), 214 str./pp.
DD/TH, 7 (1996), 285-286. Žigon, Zvone.
— Multikulturalizem in migracije. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC, 1999, 269 str./pp.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 256-258. Milharčič-Hladnik, Mirjam.
Makuc, Dorica. Aleksandrinke. Gorica: Goriška Mohorjeva družba, 1993, 171 str./
pp.
DD/TH, 6 (1995), 145-146. Drnovšek, Marjan.
Maver, Igor, ur./ed. Ethnic literature and culture in the USA, Canada and Australia.
Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang Verlag, 1996, 306 str./pp.
DD/TH, 1 (1996), 296-298. Žitnik, Janja.
Plut-Pregelj, Leopoldina & Carole Rogel. Historical Dictionary of Slovenia. Lan-ham, Maryland, and London: The Scarecrow Press, 1996 (European Historical Dictionaries, No. 13), 345 str./pp.
DD/TH, 7 (1996), 309-311. Vovko, Andrej.
Priestly, Tom M. S., et al., ur./ed. Slovene Studies: Journal of the Society for Slovene Studies, Volume 14, number 2, 1992. Bloomington, Indiana, [published September 1994], 239 str./pp.
DD/TH, 6 (1995), 151-154. Drnovšek, Marjan.
Rant, Jože, ur./ed. Zbornik dela v zvestobi in ljubezni: Zedinjena Slovenija 1948-1998. Buenos Aires: Zedinjena Slovenija, 1998, 809 str./pp.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 258-261. Žigon, Zvone.
Rode, Tone. Mesto pristan. Buenos Aires: SKA, 1997.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 262-264. Glušič, Helga Rot, Andrej. Republika duhov. Ljubljana: DZS, 1994, 189 str./pp.
DD/TH, 6 (1995), 149-151. Čebulj-Sajko, Breda.	/
Schulz, Karin, ur./ed. Hoffnung Amerika: Europaische Auswanderung in die Neue Welt. Bremerhaven: NDW-Verlag, 1994, 293 str./pp.
DD/TH, 5 (1994), 187-193. Kalc, Aleksej.
Stanonik, Marija, ur./ed. Traditiones: Zbornik Inštituta za slovensko narodopisje,
26 (1997). Ljubljana 1997, 470 str./pp.
DD/TH, 9 (1998), 231-235. Terseglav, Marko.
Šabec, Nada. Half pa pu: The language of Slovene Americans. Ljubljana: ŠKUC (Studia humanitatis, Apes 2) 1995, 313 str./pp.
DD/TH, 6 (1995), 155-158. Žitnik, Janja.
Šega, Polona. Slovenski kostanjarji na Dunaju: Prebivalci nekdanjega velikolaške-ga okraja kot kostanjarji v cesarskem mestu. Novo mesto: Dolenjska založba & Znanstveni inštitut Filozofske fakultete, 1997 (Seidlova zbirka, 19), 119 str./
pp.
DD/TH, 9 (1998), 236-238. Drnovšek, Marjan.
Šentjurc, Igor. Vaters Land. Miinchen: Langen Miiller, 1997, 351 str./pp.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 265-270. Detela, Lev.
Vodopivec, Peter & Joža Mahnič, ur./ed. Slovenska trideseta leta: Simpozij 1995. Ljubljana: Slovenska matica, 1997, 252 str./pp.
DD/TH, 9 (1998), 238-242. Likič Guček, Milan.
Zalokar, Jurij. Mavrična kača. Radovljica: Didakta, 1990, 135 str./pp.
DD/TH, 2-3 (1992), 415-417. Čebulj-Sajko, Breda.
Žigon, Zvone. Otroci dveh domovin: Slovenstvo v Južni Ameriki. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC, 1998, 269 str./pp.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 235-236. Lukšič, Igor.
Žitnik, Janja. Orel in korenine med »brušenjem« in cenzuro. Ljubljana: Znanstvenoraziskovalni center SAZU, 1995 (Zbirka ZRC, 6), 242 str./pp.
DD/TH, 6 (1995), 154-155. Čebulj-Sajko, Breda.
— Pogovori o Louisu Adamiču. Ljubljana: Prešernova družba, 1995, 197 str./pp. DD/TH, 6 (1995), 161-163. Lukšič-Hacin, Marina.
— , s sodelovanjem / in collaboration with Helga Glušič, ur./ed. Slovenska izseljenska književnost 1: Evropa, Avstralija, Azija. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC & Rokus, 1999, 400 str./pp.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 239-243. Žbogar, Alenka.
— , —, ur./ed. Slovenska izseljenska književnost 2: Severna Amerika. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC & Rokus, 1999, 484 str./pp.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 243-246. Pezdirc-Bartol, Mateja.
— , — , ur./ed. Slovenska izseljenska književnost 3: Južna Amerika. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC & Rokus, 1999, 407 str./pp.
DD/TH, 10 (1999), 247-251. Zupan-Sosič, Alojzija.
Fotografski krožek/ Gruppo fotografico Rečan: Fotoalbum izseljencev iz Benečije / Fotoalbum degli emigranti della Benecia: S študijami o posameznih migracijskih obdobjih / Con saggi sui periodi del fenomeno migratorio. Trst: Založništvo tržaškega tiska, 1986.
DD/TH, 1 (1990), 403-407. Kodrič, Majda.
Dve domovini / Two Homelands, 1-10: Bibliografija z izvlečki / Bibliography with abstracts
IZVLEČKI8 / ABSTRACTS 9
Adamič, France. The links between Louis Adamič and Slovene journalists and literary figures (1921-1941). Stiki Louisa Adamiča s slovenskimi časnikarji in književniki (1921-1941). DD/TH, 9 (1998).
The author discusses Louis Adamič’s contacts with some of the leading Slovene writers; he met most of them in person during his first visit to Slovenia in 1932. Among them were Josip Vidmar, Juš and Ferdo Kozak, Oton Župančič, Ludvik Mrzel, Fran Albreht, Bratko Kreft, Anton Melik, Ludvik Klakočer and other literary figures and artists. He also met some translators, e.g. Griša Koritnik, Stanko Leben, Olga Škerl-Grahor and Anton Debeljak. In Bohinj he made acquaintance of Fran Šaleški Finžgar, and in Rogaška Slatina he established contacts with Ivan Hribar and France Kidrič, together with his son Boris Kidrič. In Belgrade he met Minister Ivan Pucelj, the writer Slavko Savinšek, the sculptor Lojze Dolinar and the publicist Tone Potokar. Adamič kept in touch with most of them until 1941. In 1949, when he visited his native land for a second time, he renewed the friendly acquaintances.
Avtor obravnava stike Louisa Adamiča s slovenskimi pisci, s katerimi seje osebno seznanil predvsem ob obisku domovine leta 1932. Med njimi so bili Josip Vidmar, Juš in Ferdo Kozak, Oton Župančič, Ludvik Mrzel, Fran Albreht, Bratko Kreft, geograf Anton Melik, Ludvik Klakočer ter drugi literati in umetniki. Spoznal seje tudi s prevajalci, kot so Griša Koritnik, Stanko Leben, Olga Škerl-Grahor, Anton Debeljak. V Bohinju seje seznanil s Franom Šaleškim Finžgarjem, v Rogaški Slatini seje srečal z Ivanom Hribarjem in Francetom Kidričem ter njegovim sinom Borisom Kidričem, v Beogradu pa z ministrom Ivanom Pucljem, pisateljem Slavkom Savinškom, kiparjem Lojzetom Dolinarjem in publicistom Tonetom Potokarjem. Z večino znancev je Adamič vzdrževal stike do leta 1941, ob obisku leta 1949 pa je stike prijateljsko obnovil.
Bevc, Milena. Slovenski emigranti na začetku devetdesetih let - regionalna analiza. Slovene emigrants at the start of the Nineties - regional analysis. DD/TH, 6
(1995).
Z empiričnim pristopom avtorica analizira slovenske izseljence s stalnim bivališčem v Sloveniji, in sicer s pomočjo podatkov dveh popisov prebivalstva (1981 in 1991) in Zavoda za zaposlovanje. Zanimata jo dva vidika: izvor in odhajanje oz. vračanje izseljencev-v času med obema popisoma. Upošteva vse izseljence in posebej tudi bolj izobražene. Zaradi razlik med regijami upošteva tudi lokalni vidik. Njen sklep: v 80. in v začetku 90. let je bil beg možganov realnost tudi pri Slovencih.
8 Izvirnemu naslovu članka sledi slovenski oziroma angleški prevod naslova. Na prvem mestu je povzetek v jeziku, v katerem je bil članek objavljen, sledi prevod povzetka v slovenščino oziroma angleščino.
9 The original title of an article is followed by Slovene or English translation of the title. The abstract is first written in the original language of the article, and then followed by its translation.
The paper deals with the empirical analysis of those Slovene emigrants who still have permanent residence in Slovenia. The main source of data are the last two censuses of population combined with the data of the Bureau of Employment of the Republic of Slovenia. Two aspects of emigration are analysed: 1. the stock of emigrants at the time of the last two censuses, 2. the flow (outflow and reverse flow) during the period 1981-1991. Both aspects are analysed firstly for all the emigrants and secondly for the highly educated emigrants. The regional dimension is also included since there are great differences in the mentioned aspects of emigration among regions. The paper confirms the common knowledge that during the 1980s and in the beginning of the 1990s the brain drain was a reality in Slovenia, especially in some most problematic regions.
Bevc, Milena. Potential emigration of scientists from Slovenia in the mid 1990s.
Potencialno izseljevanje znanstvenikov iz Slovenije sredi devetdesetih let. DD/TH, 9
(1998).
Emigration - especially that of the most educated persons - is in most countries an unknown, or a very weakly registered phenomenon. The paper presents the methodology and the results of the analysis of potential emigration of researchers with master’s or doctor’s degrees from Slovenia in the mid 1990s on the basis of a survey of individuals. The analysis was carried out within the international project on brain drain of researchers in ten Eastern and Central European countries. For many reasons (the use of random sampling, large sample - 1000 researchers or 29% of the »population«, high response - 64%, etc.) the results are very useful for the state policy in thč science sector in Slovenia. The main result is that the potential external mobility of Slovene scientists is high in absolute and in relative terms, and regarding the structure of this mobility, the potential brain loss is also considerable.
Emigracija - zlasti najbolj izobraženih - je v večini držav neznan ali pa zelo slabo evidentiran pojav. Članek prikazuje metodologijo in rezultate analize potencialne emigracije slovenskih raziskovalcev z magisterijem ali doktoratom sredi 90. let na podlagi anketiranja posameznikov. Raziskava je potekala v okviru mednarodnega projekta o odlivu raziskovalcev iz desetih držav vzhodne in srednje Evrope. Iz več razlogov (uporaba slučajnostnega vzorčenja, velik vzorec - 1000 raziskovalcev ali 29% »populacije«, velik odziv raziskovalcev - 64%, itd.) so rezultati raziskave za Slovenijo zelo pomembni in uporabni za politiko države na področju raziskovalnega sektorja. Glavni rezultat analize je, daje potencialna zunanja mobilnost slovenskih raziskovalcev visoka v absolutnem in relativnem pogledu (v primerjavi z ostalimi devetimi opazovanimi državami) in daje glede na strukturo te mobilnosti/migracij obseg potencialne izgube »možganov« velik.
Birsa, Irena. Ethnic radio in Australia and Slovene language broadcasting: Development and direction. Etnični radio v Avstraliji in oddaje s slovenskem jeziku: Razvoj in usmeritev. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
This paper shows how the Slovenes in Melbourne have been actively involved
with ethnic radio since the early 1970s. The radio program contents reveal the attitu-dinal characteristics of the Slovene community in this city. For example, the first generation, especially the older settlers, want increased contact with »home«, through news from Slovenia, and they retain a nostalgic perception of their homeland. This is reflected in their preference for folkloric elements of Slovene culture and society. The second generation, on the other hand, have very little interest and involvement with Slovene radio, seeing it as irrelevant to their needs. This situation indirectly shows how ethnic radio does not fulfdl one of its objectives, that of bridging the cutlure gap between emigrants and their children. The research is based upon interviews with broadcasters and listeners and upon the author’s own experience in working on ethnic radio.
Prispevek prikazuje dejavnost Slovencev v Melbournu na področju etničnega radia od začetka sedemdesetih let. Vsebina njihovih radijskih oddaj odkriva vedenjske značilnosti slovenske skupnosti v tem mestu. Pripadniki prve generacije, predvsem starejši priseljenci, si želijo čim več stika s staro domovino, zlasti s pomočjo novic iz Slovenije. Na ta način ohranjajo nostalgičen odnos do stare domovine. Ta se odraža v njihovi navezanosti na folklorne elemente v slovenski družbi in kulturi. Na drugi strani pa pri pripadnikih druge generacije opažamo zelo šibko zanimanje in sodelovanje pri slovenskem radiu, saj po njihovem mnenju ne zadovoljuje njihovih potreb. Ta položaj kaže na to, da etnični radio ne izpolnjuje enega svojih ciljev, namreč premostitve kulturnega »prepada« med izseljenci in njihovimi potomci. Raziskava temelji na intervjujih z delavci pri radiu in s poslušalci ter na izkušnjah avtorice v času, ko je delala pri etničnem radiu.
Brecelj, Aleš. Slovenski etnični tisk v Argentini do druge svetovne vojne. Slovene ethnic press in Argentina until the Second World War. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Slovenci so se začeli naseljevati v Argentini že v drugi polovici 19. stoletja, zlasti pa v 20. in 30. letih 20. stoletja. V začetku 30. let jih je bilo prek 20.000. Avtor predstavlja slovensko časopisje v Argentini, kije bilo levičarske liberalne in katoliške usmeritve. Naj starejši slovenski časopis v Argentini Gospodarstvo je začel izhajati leta 1926, konec dvajsetih let Slovenski tednik, v začetku tridesetih let pa Slovenski dom in Novi list. Leta 1937 sta se Slovenski tednik in Novi list združila v Slovenski list. Leta 1933 je začelo izhajati Duhovno življenje.
The Slovenes began settling in Argentina as early as the second half of the 19th century. The main wave came in the 1920s and ’30s and by the early 1930s, there were over 20,000 Slovene immigrants in Argentina. The author surveys the Slovene periodicals in Argentina which were of leftist liberal and Catholic tendencies. Gospodarstvo began publication in 1926 as Argentina’s first Slovene language newspaper. Slovenski tednik appeared in the late 1920s, followed by Slovenski dom and Novi list, which began publication in the early 1930s. In 1937, Slovenski tednik and Novi list merged to form Slovenski list and in 1933 Duhovno življenje began publication.
Budja, Avguština. Slovenes in Sweden. Slovenci na Švedskem. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
In the first part the paper discusses the immigration of various peoples to Sweden, Swedish immigration policy and reforms, the level of knowledge of the Swedish language among immigrants and the incorporation of immigrants into the political life of their new homeland. In the second part the author outlines the emigration processes of Slovenes to Sweden, their level of education and financial circumstances, their ethnic organizations, cultural activities, press, religious life and finally the future prospects of the Slovene community in Sweden.
Prispevek v prvem delu obravnanva priseljevanje različnih narodov na Švedsko, švedsko priseljensko politiko in reforme, stopnjo znanja švedskega jezika med priseljenci in vključevanje priseljencev v politično življenje nove domovine. V drugem delu avtorica oriše procese izseljevanja Slovencev na Švedsko, njihovo stopnjo izobrazbe in ekonomske razmere, njihove etnične organizacije, kulturno dejavnost, tisk in versko življenje in končno izglede za prihodnost slovenske skupnosti na Švedskem.
Bufon, Milan. Prostorska mobilnost obmejnega prebivalstva kot faktor preko-mejnega povezovanja. Regional mobility of population transfer as a factor of cross-border linkages. DD/TH, 6 (1995).
Članek povzema glavne izsledke o prostorski mobilnosti oziroma o prekomej-nem selitvenem gibanju obmejnega prebivalstva, kot jih je zaznala širše zastavljena raziskava o prekomejnem regionalnem povezovanju na Goriškem. Z anketiranjem prebivalstva v izbranih obmejnih krajih v občini Nova Gorica in pokrajini Gorica je bila med drugim ugotovljena krajevna izvomost anketiranih ter njihovih ožjih sorodnikov, intenzivnost in usmerjenost izselitvenih tokov iz kraja. Iz rezultatov izhaja, da so ob upadu klasične migracije »prek luže«, ki je to območje zaznamovala zlasti v preteklosti, močno poudarjene ravno drobne medkrajevne in prekomejne selitve, ki utrjujejo mrežo medosebnih vezi na obeh straneh meje in tako prispevajo k integraciji goriške obmejne regije.
The article summarizes the main findings about regional mobility; that is, the border-crossing migratory movement of the population in border communities as evidenced by the broader research carried out on cross-border linkages in the region of Gori-zia. Via a poll of the population in the municipality of Nova Gorica and the Gorizia region, the regional origin of the population and their immediate relatives was established; furthermore, the intensity and direction of the emigration currents in the region were shown. From the results one realizes that the decrease in traditional emigration »over the pond«, for which this region was renowned particularly in the past, has manifested itself in an increase in small-scale inter-regional and cross-border migration, which has consolidated the network of interpersonal ties on both sides of the border and contributed to the integration of the Gorizia region border-communities on both sides.
Cesar-Nedzbala, Polonca. Rajska dolina. The Valley of Eden. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Prispevek prikazuje nastanek, obstoj in konec slovenske katoliške kolonije, ki jo
je duhovnik Peter Josip Jeram ustanovil v Rajski dolini v severni Kaliforniji. Avtorica je sama obiskala že desetletja pozabljeno in izgubljeno področje slovenske utopične naselbine. Vzroke za razpad kolonije in življenje Slovencev v Rajski dolini je osvetlila s pomočjo intervjujev z izseljenci v Kaliforniji in s še ohranjeno korespondenco.
The paper describes the beginning, the continuation and the end of the Slovene Catholic colony which priest Peter Josip Jeram founded in the Valley of Eden in northern California. The author has visited the lost place of this Slovene utopian settlement which had been forgotten for ages. She highlights the reasons for the downfall of the colony and the life of Slovenes in the Valley of Eden through interviews with emigrants in California and through the correspondence which has been preserved.
Christian, Henry A. The Prosveta English language section: Certainly not hard news, and never intended to be. Angleški del Prosvete: Sploh ne »udarne« novice in nikoli s takim namenom. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
During 1916, the 10 years old Slovene language Chicago newspaper Prosveta developed a single page published in English. Aimed at young persons of Slovene background who spoke »the American language«, the English page was initiated to attract membership in the Slovene National Benefit Society, which published Prosveta. Through the years the English Section now and again nooded in the direction of materials beyond lodge reports and dances, but the page presented neither hard news nor crucial matters that adjacent Slovene language pages presented. The non-Slovene-literate English language reader of Prosveta therefore learned far less than he might have about his Slovene fellow citizens.
Slovenskoameriški časopis Prosveta, glasilo Slovenske narodne podporne jedno-te, je leta 1916 - do tedaj je izhajal že deset let - uvedel posebno stran v angleškem jeziku. »Angleška stran« je bila namenjena mladini slovenskega porekla, kije govorila »ameriški jezik«, uvedli pa sojo z namenom, da bi pridobili čim več novih članov v Slovensko narodno podporno jednoto. V teku let je rubrika v angleščini občasno tu in tam objavljala tudi novice, ki so presegale vesti o lokalnih dogodkih in plesnih prireditvah, vendar nikdar ni vsebovala pomembnih, udarnih novic, kakršne so vsebovale strani v slovenščini. Zato je angleško govoreči bralec Prosvete, ki ni znal slovenščine, v mnogo manjši meri spoznaval svoje slovenske sodržavljane, kot bi jih sicer lahko.
Christian, Henry A. »Sc Tine T. Kurent. Reading a painting: Maxo Vanka’s collage »World War H«. Kako razbrati sliko: Kolaž Maksa Vanke »Druga svetovna vojna«. DD/TH, 8 (1997).
The interpretation of symbols in the collage »The Beginnings of World War II« by the American-Croatian painter Maxo Vanka is the story about the escape of Dr Stetten, Vanka’s father-in-law, from the occupied France via the MS lie de France, and about the exposal of a nazi agent, Douglas Chandler by Vanka and his friend, the American-Slovene writer Louis Adamic.
Razlaga simbolov na kolažu »Začetki druge svetovne vojne« ameriškohrvaškega
slikarja Maksa Vanke je zgodba o pobegu dr. Stettena, Vankovega tasta, iz okupirane Francije s parnikom lie de France, pripoveduje pa tudi o nacističnem vohunu Douglasu Chandlerju, ki sta ga razkrinkala Vanka in njegov prijatelj, ameriškoslovenski pisatelj Louis Adamič.
Corsellis, John. The Slovene political emigration 1945-50. Slovenska politična emigracija 1945-50. DD/TH, 8 (1997).
The resettlement in Argentina of the majority of the Slovene political emigration from Austrian and Italian refugee camps as a single group including their infants, aged and infirm is a remarkable example of refugee self-empowerment in the face of considerable initial offical discouragement, and as such deserves to be recorded and documented fully.
Preselitev večine slovenske politične emigracije iz avstrijskih in italijanskih begunskih taborišč v Argentino v strnjeni skupini, skupaj z otroki, ostarelimi in oslabelimi, je izreden primer begunske samouprave kljub močnemu začetnemu neodobravanju oblasti in si kot taka zasluži celovito obravnavo, kakršno podaja pričujoči prispevek.
Čebulj-Sajko, Breda. Preteklo in sedanje delovanje Inštituta za slovensko izseljenstvo. The past and the present activity of the Institute for Slovene Emigration Research. DD/TH, 1 (1990). (Članek je v celoti objavljen v obeh jezikih. / The article is fully published in both languages.)
Bralcu vsebina prispevka nudi podatke o prvih začetkih organiziranega zbiranja gradiva o slovenskih izseljencih, kije z ustanovitvijo Študijskega centra za zgodovino slovenskega izseljenstva pri SAZU leta 1963 preraslo v institucionalizirano obliko. Prikazanje nadaljnji razvoj delovanja Študijskega centra, ki se leta 1982 preimenuje v Inštitut za izseljenstvo SAZU, leta 1986 pa v Inštitut za slovensko izseljenstvo ZRC SAZU.
The paper presents the data on the beginnings of organized collection of material on Slovene emigrants, an effort which took an institutionalized form with the foundation of the Center of Studies on the History of Slovene Emigration at the SAZU in 1963. Also presented are the activities of the Center, which was renamed twice: in 1982 into the Institute for Emigration at the SAZU, and in 1986 into the Institute for Slovene Emigration Research of the Centre of Scientific Research of the Slovene Academy of Sciences and Arts (ZRC SAZU).
Čebulj-Sajko, Breda. Raziskave o Slovencih v Avstraliji. Studies of Slovene immigrants in Australia. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Že večkrat je bilo ugotovljeno, daje raziskovanje slovenskih izseljencev v Avstraliji v slovenski etnologiji staro šele dobro desetletje. Ker je torej domačega strokovno obdelanega gradiva na to temo še malo, nam članek ponuja zgoščen pregled dosedanjih rezultatov sorodnih ved s področja preučevanja emigracij bodisi iz Slovenije ali nekdanje Jugoslavije, v katerih se nahajajo podatki tudi za avstralske Sloven-
ce. Poleg tega predstavlja nekatere najpomembnejše migracijske študije, ki so izšle v povojnih letih v Avstraliji. Z metodološkega stališča avtorica izpostavi še avtobiografsko metodo raziskovanja vsakdanjega življenja izseljenca.
Slovene ethnological studies of Slovene immigrants in Australia date back to a good ten years ago. Given that the volume of scientifically elaborated material on the subject is still modest, the article offers a condensed review of the findings to date by the related disciplines which deal with the problem of emigration from Slovenia and former Yugoslavia and which contain data on the Slovenes in Australia. The article also presents some of the most important immigration studies published in post-war Australia. As for the methodological aspect, the author presents the autobiographic method of research into an immigrant’s daily life.
Čebulj-Sajko, Breda. Pregled dosedanjega etnološkega raziskovanja slovenskega izseljenstva. Review of ethnological research on Slovene emigration. DD/TH, 4
(1993).
Za razliko od dosedanjih tovrstnih orisov etnološkega raziskovanja slovenskega izseljenstva avtorica tokrat nameni več pozornosti razlagi metodološke usmeritve v preteklih raziskavah v okviru omenjene tematike. Skozi historični presek povojnega zanimanja slovenske etnologije za vprašanja izseljenstva je razviden tovrstni razcvet v osemdesetih letih, medtem ko v današnjem času, zaradi preskromnega števila in interesa raziskovalcev, zamira. Članku je dodana obsežna, vendar še vedno izbrana bibliografija, ki nas opozarja tudi na določene spodbude za raziskovanje slovenskih izseljencev v obdobju pred letom 1940.
Unlike similar descriptions of ethnological research into Slovene emigration, in this paper the author devotes attention to an explanation of the methodological orientation in past research on this topic. In a historical cross-section of the post-Second World War interest on the part of Slovene ethnologists in the issue of emigration, a blossoming in this area can be noticed in the Eghties, while due to the meager number of researchers and their lack of interest, such enthusiasm is today fading. The article is accompanied by an extensive, yet still selective, bibliography which notes some encouragement for the research of Slovene emigration in the period prior to 1940.
Čebulj-Sajko, Breda. Vzroki za izselitev - spomini izseljencev na čas njihovega odhoda v tujino. Reasons for emigration - recollections by emigrants of their departure abroad. DD/TH, 6 (1995).
Avtorica v članku utemeljuje pomembnost avtobiografske metode pri preučevanju vzrokov za izseljevanje Slovencev, v njenem primeru v Avstralijo. Z upoštevanjem spominov posameznikov na čas njihovega odhoda na tuje pridejo do veljave predvsem individualni razlogi za izselitev, kijih ravno zaradi heterogenosti ni dobro posploševati. Na ta način se nam proces izseljevanja kaže v luči posameznika in ne množic, kot je bilo to v navadi v dosedanjih tovrstnih raziskavah.
The author establishes the importance of the autobiographic method in investiga-
ting the reasons of the emigration of Slovenes, in her case, to Australia. With consideration of the recollections by individuals of the time of their departure abroad, we come to value, above all, individual reasons for emigrating, which precisely because of their heterogeneity, are not conductive to generalisations. In this way the process of emigration shows us the importance of the individual - not the multitude, as was the custom in this area of research heretofore.
Čebulj-Sajko, Breda. Ethnic identity of the first postwar generation of Australian Slovenes. Etnična identiteta prve povojne generacije avstralskih Slovencev. DD/ TH, 10(1999).
The paper discusses two central topics: a theoretical denotation of the term »identity« (on the basis of social-anthropological and social-psychological definitions), and a personal experience of the development and transformation of ethnic identity of individual Australian Slovenes (of the first generation, who emigrated to Australia after 1945) in anew social and geographical milieu. This specific experience was part of a wider historical process of transformation which affected the original as well as the immigrant societies of emigrants/immigrants.
Vsebina razprave osvetljuje dva osrednja problema: teoretično opredelitev pojma identiteta (na osnovi socialnoantropoloških in socialnopsiholoških definicij) in osebno doživljanje razvoja in spreminjanja etnične identitete posameznih avstralskih Slovencev (pripadnikov prve generacije, ki so se izselili v Avstralijo po letu 1945) v novem družbenem in geografskem okolju, in sicer v okviru širšega zgodovinskega procesa spreminjanja izvorne in vselitvene družbe izseljencev/priseljencev.
Drnovšek, Marjan. Delovanje Toma Brejca med slovenskimi izseljenci v Franciji v letih 1936-39. The activity of Tomo Brejc among Slovene emigrants in France during the years 1936-39. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
V razpravi je obravnavano partijsko delo Toma Brejca med slovenskimi izseljenci v Franciji v letih 1936-39. V slovenskem valu ekonomskih izseljencev po prvi svetovni vojni z viškom tik pred veliko gospodarsko krizo na začetku tridesetih let je bilo veliko rudarjev socialističnih in komunističnih nazorov, ki so vstopali v francosko KP in komunistični sindikat C.G.T.U., v času ljudskofrontnega gibanja pa so aktivno posegli v javno življenje. Tomo Brejc je deloval med izseljenci kot partijski inštruktor in urednik njihovega glasila Glas izseljencev (spomladi 1936-39). Politično živahna predvojna leta so vplivala tudi na ta del slovenskih izseljencev v Franciji in ni presenetljivo, daje marsikateri sodeloval tudi v francoskem odporniškem gibanju med drugo svetovno vojno.
This treatise deals with the Communist Party activities of Tomo Brejc among Slovene emigrants in France during the years 1936-39. The wave of Slovene economic emigrants after World War I peaked just before the great economic crisis at the beginning of the Thirties. A majority of the Slovene miners who entered the French Communist Party and the communist sindicate C.G.T.U. had socialist and communist
principles, and during the People’s Front movement, they actively intervened in public life. Tomo Brejc was active among the emigrants as a Party instructor and editor of their gazette, Glas izseljencev (spring 1936-39). The politically lively pre-war years had an influence on this group of Slovene emigrants to France as well. Thus, it is not surprising that many took part in the French resistance during World War II.
Drnovšek, Marjan. Izseljensko in drugo časopisje med Slovenci v zahodni Evropi do leta 1940. Immigrant and other publications among the Slovenes in Western Europe until 1940. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Razprava obravnava obseg in vlogo v zahodni Evropi izhajajočega slovenskega izseljenskega ter projugoslovanskega in komunističnega časopisja do izbruha druge svetovne vojne. Slednji dve skupini časopisov sta omejeni le v primerih, če so v njih sodelovali slovenski ekonomski in politični emigranti ali pa so imeli svoj odmev v izseljenskih okoljih. Avtorjevi rezultati temeljijo na preučevanju časopisnega gradiva v Ljubljani in v časopisnem oddelku Nacionalne biblioteke v Parizu. Časopisje ni ohranjeno v celoti, kar otežuje analitično preučevanje. Razprava je zasnovana za nadaljnje raziskovanje vloge in pomena časopisja v slovenskem jeziku med slovenskimi izseljenci v Nemčiji, Franciji, Belgiji, na Nizozemskem, v Švici, v Avstriji, Sovjetski zvezi in v drugih evropskih državah pred letom 1940.
The paper deals with the scope and role of the Slovene immigrant, pro-Yugoslav and communist newspapers and periodicals in Western Europe until the outbreak of World War II. The latter two groups of publications are dealt with as far as they included contributions by Slovene economic and political emigrants or met with response in emigration milieus. The author’s findings are based on the study of the newspapers and periodicals available in Ljubljana and the periodicals department of the National Library in Paris. The fact that the newspapers and periodicals have not been preserved in complete files renders analytical study more difficult. The paper represents a basis for further research into the role and importance of Slovene-language publications in the Slovene immigrant circles in Germany, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, the Soviet Union and other European states until the year 1940.
Drnovšek, Marjan. Načrti in rezultati raziskovanja slovenskega izseljenstva do leta 1941 - s posebnim poudarkom na izseljevanju v Ameriko do prve svetovne vojne. Plans and results of research on Slovene emigration until 1941 - with special emphasis on emigration to America before the First World War. DD/TH, 4 (1993).
Avtor objavlja razmišljanja o načrtih in rezultatih preučevanja izseljevanja Slovencev v Ameriko do prve svetovne vojne. Objavlja pregled sočasnih publicističnih in redkih strokovnih analiz o izseljevanju do leta 1914, hkrati pa pritegne tudi publicistične in vedno bolj znanstvene analize iz časa 1919-1941.
The author outlines his thoughts on the plans and results of research into the emigration of Slovenes to America up until the First World War. He presents an overview of contemporary journalistic and rare professional analyses on emigration until
1914, and includes publicistic and increasingly scientific analyses from the period 1919-1941.
Drnovšek, Marjan. Mass emigration and Slovenes. Množično izseljevanje in Slovenci. DD/TH, 5 (1994).
The author makes a synthetic summary of the results of his research into the migrations of Slovenes from the last decades of the 19lh century until the outbreak of the Second World War. The following issues are briefly addressed: the definition of an emigrant, the demographic component of emigration, the duration of absence, destination (mostly the USA), reasons for emigration (in addition to economic the author mentions other reasons such as evasion of military service, etc.), the public response to mass emigration, the journey of migrants from their home to Ellis Island.
Avtor sintetično povzema rezultate lastnih raziskav o množičnem izseljevanju Slovencev v zadnjih desetletjih 19. stoletja in do izbruha prve svetovne vojne. Na kratko obdela naslednja vprašanja: opredelitev izseljenca, demografski aspekt izseljevanja, trajnost odsotnosti, smer (predvsem v Združene države), vzroke izseljevanja (poleg ekonomskega navaja tudi ostale, na primer beg pred služenjem vojaškega roka itd.), odmevnost množičnega odhajanja v javnosti, pot izseljencev od doma do Ellis Islanda. Krajša verzija razprave je objavljena v zborniku 27. zborovanja slovenskih zgodovinarjev, Ljubljana 1994.
Drnovšek, Marjan. Slovenska izseljenska društva v zahodnoevropskih državah med obema svetovnima vojnama. Slovene emigrant societies in western European countries between the World Wars. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
Avtor članka daje pregled slovenskih izseljenskih društev v zahodnoevropskih državah do leta 1940. Naredil gaje na podlagi časopisja, koledarjev in omemb v publicistiki, znanstvenih monografijah in razpravah.
The author provides an overview of Slovene emigrant societies in western European countries up to 1940. The article was written on the basis of newspapers, calendars and references in journalistic articles, scientific mongraphs and papers.
Drnovšek, Marjan. Spomenica Jugoslovanske izseljeniške katoliške akcije iz Au-metza v Franciji (1931). Memorandum of the Yugoslav Emigrants’ Catholic Campaign from Aumetz, France (1931). DD/TH, 9 (1998).
Prispevek obravnava besedilo spomenice Jugoslovanske izseljeniške katoliške akcije iz leta 1931, ki je nastalo v rudarskem Aumetzu (Moselle) v Franciji. Besedilo je objavljeno v celoti. Avtor ga primerja z nekaterimi sočasnimi osnutki t. i. »izseljenskega programa«, ki so nastajali v domovini. S primerjalno metodo je avtor opravil vsebinsko analizo spomenice, hkrati pa jo umešča v širši zgodovinski kontekst časa, v katerem je nastala.
The paper deals with the text of the Memorandum of the Yugoslav Emigrants’ Catholic Campaign from 1931, which originated in the mining town of Aumetz in
Moselle, France. The text is published in its entirety. The author compares it with some contemporary drafts of the »emigration programme« which were taking shape in Slovenia. Using this comparative method the author analyses the content of the memorandum and at the same time places it in a broader historical context of the time in which it appeared.
Friš, Darko. Delovanje šolskih sester kongregacije sv. Frančiška Asiškega - Kristusa Kralja v ZDA med letoma 1909 in 1915. The activities of the Congregation of the School Sisters of the Order of St. Francis of Assisi of Christ the King in the U.S.A. from 1909 to 1915. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Začetki delovanja šolskih sester mariborske kongregacije sv. Frančiška v ZDA leta 1909 pomenijo za šolanje otrok slovenskih in hrvaških izseljencev novo obdobje. Poučevanje so prevzele usposobljene učiteljice. Pouk je potekal v angleškem in nekaj ur tedensko v slovenskem oziroma hrvaškem jeziku, kar je bilo zelo pomembno za ohranjanje vere in narodne identitete kakor tudi za privajanje otrok na ameriški način življenja. Arhivsko gradivo kongregacije sv. Frančiška, ki gaje avtor uporabil, hranijo v Škofijskem arhivu v Mariboru.
In 1909, the beginning of the activity of the school sisters of the Maribor St. Francis of Assisi congregation in the USA marked a new era in the education of children of Slovene and Croatian immigrants. The instruction was taken over by wo-men-teachers. The instruction was in English with a few hours per week in the Slovene and Croatian languages, which was very important from the aspect of preservation of religious and national identity and a gradual adaptation of children to the American way of life. The archival materials of the St. Francis of Assisi congregation which the author used in the study, are kept in the Maribor bishopric archives.
Friš, Darko. Jugoslovanska katoliška jednota (1898-1920). The Yugoslav Catholic Unit (1898-1920). DD/TH, 5 (1994).
Jugoslovanska katoliška jednota je nastala leta 1898 v Elyju v Minnesoti. Ustanovili sojo člani dveh bivših krajevnih društev najstarejše slovenske bratske podporne organizacije, Kranjske slovenske katoliške jednote. Avtorja sta zanimala predvsem organiziranost Jednote in njen razvoj na glavnih zborovanjih.
Jugoslovanska Katoliška Jednota (The Yugoslav Catholic Unit) was founded in 1898 in Ely, Minnesota. The founders were members of two former local associations of the oldest Slovene aid organization - Kranjska Slovenska Katoliška Jednota (The Slovene Catholic Unit of Carniola). The author concentrates on the internal structure of the organization and its development as reflected through the general assemblies.
Gantar Godina, Irena. Slovene students in central and eastern Europe up to 1918. Slovenski študentje v srednji in vzhodni Evropi do leta 1918. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
The article is a survey of so-called temporary emigration of Slovene intellectuals who were, up to 1919, forced to study at non-Slovene universities. The majority at-
tended German universities in Vienna and Graz; after 1882 there was a significant number of students at the Charles University in Prague, while Slovene Catholics tried to persuade Slovene pupils to attend the universities in Galicia, i. e. in Cracow and Lvov. The Slovene intellectuals who voluntarily left to lecture at Russian schools in the 60s and 70s of the 19th century are mentioned as a special phenomenon.
Prispevek je prikaz t. i. začasne emigracije slovenskih izobražencev, ki so morali vse do leta 1919 študirati na neslovenskih univerzah. Največ jih je obiskovalo nemški univerzi na Dunaju in v Gradcu, po letu 1882 jih je precej obiskovalo češko Karlovo univerzo v Pragi, katoliška stran na Slovenskem pa je skušala prepričati dijake, naj obiskujejo univerzi v Galiciji, tj. v Krakovu in Lvovu. Kot poseben fenomen so predstavljeni tudi slovenski izobraženci, ki so v 60. in 70. letih 19. stoletja prostovoljno odhajali poučevat na ruske šole.
Genorio, Rado. Slovenski tisk v Kanadi. Slovene press in Canada. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Članek prinaša kratek pregled slovenskega etničnega tiska v Kanadi, in sicer med obema vojnama in po drugi svetovni vojni. Pregled zajema slovenske časopise in revije, izdane v Kanadi, katerih avtorji so slovenski izseljenci. Publikacije, izdane ob posebnih priložnostih, in publikacije lokalnega pomena v tem članku niso omenjene.
The article brings a short survey of Slovene ethnic press in Canada, published by the immigrants who arrived in Canada between the World Wars and those who immigrated after World War II. The survey includes Slovene newspapers, magazines and some other publications, published in Canada and written by Slovene immigrants. Publications not mentioned are those issued for special purposes or of local interest only.
Gestrin, Ferdo. Zgodovinske primerjave. Historical comparisons. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Proces migracij ni zgolj pojav polpreteklega časa in sodobnosti. Avtor primerja znano izseljevanje Slovencev v drugi polovici 19. in v 20. stoletju z manj znanim izseljevanjem Slovanov z današnjega jugoslovanskega ozemlja v italijanske dežele od zgodnjega srednjega veka do prehoda iz 18. v 19. stoletje in ugotavlja mnoge podobnosti.
The process of migration has not been merely a phenomenon of the near past and the present. The author compares the known emigration of Slovenes in the second half of the 19th and 20th centuries with a lesser known emigration of Slavs who lived in the present day territory of Yugoslavia, to Italian lands during the period from the early Middle Ages to the end of the 18th century Many similarities between the earlier migration and the more recent ones are established.
Glavan, Mihael. Doslej neznano pismo Louisa Adamiča iz zadnjega leta njegovega življenja. A newly discovered letter from Louis Adamič in the last year of his life. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
V letu 1995 smo v zapuščini Josipa Vidmarja, ki jo hrani Narodna in univerzitet-
na knjižnica v Ljubljani, odkrili dva doslej neznana dopisa Louisa Adamiča Josipu Vidmarju. Objavljamo ju v celoti v natančnem prepisu brez vsakršnih jezikovnih posegov. Zlasti pomembno je pismo, datirano 15. januarja 1951, ki obsega 11 strani in osvetljuje Adamičevo zasebno počutje, delo pri redakciji knjige Orel in korenine ter njegove poglede na sočasno politično dogajanje v ZDA in Jugoslaviji. Komentar k objavi natančneje analizira vsebino in razširja poglede na razmerja med tedanjimi slovenskimi kulturniki in politiki.
In 1995 two up to then unknown letters from Louis Adamič to Josip Vidmar were found among the papers of Josip Vidmar, kept by the National and University Library of Ljubljana. We are publishing them in their unabridged original form without any linguistic revisions. Of particular importance is the letter dated 15 January 1951, comprising 11 pages and describing Adamič’s private pscyhophysical state, work on revising the book entitled The Eagle an the Roots as well as his views of the contemporary political situation in the USA and in Yugoslavia. The commentary to the publication analyses the contents in more detail and provides new insight into the relationships among the Slovene cultural personalities and politicians of the time.
Glušič, Helga. Poezija Karla Mauserja. The poetry of Karel Mauser. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
Prispevek je motivna in miselna predstavitev edine pesniške zbirke pisatelja Karla Mauserja, ki je kot izgnanec po koncu druge svetovne vojne najprej na Koroškem v Avstriji, nato pa v Zruženih državah Amerike pisal predvsem povesti in romane ter kratko prozo. V zadnjem desetletju njegovega življenja je nastala tudi intimna izpovedna lirika, ki jo je njen urednik dr. Tine Debeljak izbral, uredil in opremil s spremno besedo v zbirki Zemlja sem in večnost. Mauserjeva poezija se navezuje na slovensko tradicijo impresionizma in vzore katoliškega ekspresionizma.
The text is an analytical presentation of the only collection of poetry by the author Karel Mauser, who as an exile after the Second World War, at first in Austrian Carinthia and later in the United States of America, mainly wrote stories and novels as well as short prose. In his last decade he also wrote intimate confessional poetry which has been selected, edited and prefaced by Dr Tine Debeljak in a collection entitled Zemlja sem in večnost (I am the Earth and Eternity). Mauser’s poetry is associated with the Slovene tradition of impressionism and models of Catholic expressionism.
Horvat, Avgust. Demographic movements in Slovene emigration to Argentina: The search for living space. Demografska gibanja med slovensko emigracijo v Argentini: Iskanje življenjskega prostora. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
A large majority of Slovene post-war political refugees left the displaced persons camps in Austria and Italy for Argentina, which was least discriminating in accepting the immigrants. An organized immigrant community was quickly formed and Slovene families were established. As time passes there are more and more mixed marriages, the birth rate within the community is falling and the death rate increasing. Inte-
rest in working in the Slovene community has been falling and hence the future of this community is not at all certain.
Velik del slovenskih povojnih političnih beguncev je iz taborišč v Avstriji in Italiji odšel v Argentino, ki je bila pri sprejemanju priseljencev najmanj selektivna. Hitro so se oblikovale organizirana izseljenska skupnost in slovenske družine. Z leti pa je čedalje več mešanih zakonov, rodnost znotraj skupnosti upada, povečuje pa se smrtnost. Zanimanje za delo v slovenski skupnosti je čedalje manjše, zato je njena prihodnost negotova.
Horvat, Avgust. Prizadevanja za izobrazbo med slovenskimi izseljenci v Argentini. Educational endeavours among Slovene emigrants in Argentina. DD/TH, 8 (1997).
Ko so slovenski izseljenci prišli v Argentino med vojnama in po drugi svetovni vojni, so morali tisti, ki niso bili med izredno iskanimi obrtniki, tehniki ali univerzitetnimi izobraženci, sprejeti ponujeno zaposlitev in začeti na najnižjem klinu družbene lestvice. Da njihovim sinovom in hčeram ne bi bilo potrebno začeti zaposlitev na enaki stopnji, so si prizadevali in si še prizadevajo za njihovo strokovno izobrazbo. Ta prizadevanja so rodila dobre sadove. Samo iz vrst povojne politične emigracije je v 48 letih naselitve diplomiralo čez 700 univerzitetnih in višješolskih izobražencev.
After arriving in Argentina during the period between the two World Wars and after World War Two, Slovene emigrants, unless they were highly sought-after skilled craftsmen, technicians or had a university education, were forced to take any job they were offered and start on the lowest rung of the social ladder. To prevent their children from having to start their careers in the same way that they had had to, they strove for, and continue to strive for, their professional education. These efforts have been highly successful. Among the post-war political emigrants alone, more than 700 people graduated from university over a period of 48 years, after arriving in Argentina.
Horvat, Avgust. Prizadevanja slovenskih izseljencev za predajo materinščine svojim potomcem v deželi pod južnim križem. Efforts by Slovene emigrants to pass on their mother tongue to their descendants in the land under the Southern Cross. DD/ TH, 9 (1998).
Ko so si slovenski predvojni in povojni izseljenci v Argentini vsaj za silo uredili življenjske razmere v novi deželi, so takoj začeli ustanavljati slovenske šolske tečaje in na ta način skrbeli za predajo slovenske besede svojim potomcem. Premagati so morali marsikatere težave, a so vztrajali in vztrajajo do naših dni. Mislili so tudi na ustanovitev slovenskih šol s pravico javnosti, a niso uspeli. Sedaj predvojni izseljenci že 65 let vztrajajo pri poučevanju slovenščine v šolskem tečaju, gre za četrto generacijo, povojni izseljenci pa 50 let v devetih tečajih za otroke tretje generacije.
Slovene emigrants in Argentina before the Second World War made efforts, after arriving in South America, to ensure the survival of their mother tongue among their offspring. In 1933 they began setting up Slovene school courses; this year sees the 65th anniversary of this important decision by the Argentine Slovenes. Post-war Slo-
vene emigrats also continued to organize education in the mother tongue after their arrival in Argentina. By the second half of 1948 Slovene school courses had begun; this year they are celebrating their 50th anniversary. Initially the courses were organized on a modest scale; it was only after the building of local Slovene national centres that these efforts were able to develop to the point where they included 80 per cent of the children from post-war Slovene immigrant families.
Horvat, Avgust. Začetek, razvoj in današnje stanje srednješolskih tečajev v povojni slovenski emigraciji v Argentini. The beginning, development and present state of secondary school courses among post-war Slovene immigrants in Argentina. DD/TH, 10 (1999).
V tujini vsakdo zelo ceni vrednost materinščine, v našem primeru slovenskega jezika. Povojni slovenski priseljenci v Argentini so čutili za naravno dolžnost, da govorjeno in pisano besedo predajo svojim potomcem. Zato so ustanavljali skupna krajevna središča, osnovnošolske in srednješolske tečaje z namenom, da dopolnjujejo predajo materinščine v družinah. O vpisu v srednješolske tečaje soodločajo dijaki sami, ti pa so že precej pod vplivom okolja, ki poskuša doseči potrebno izobrazbo s čim manjšim trudom. Zaradi tega je tudi sorazmerno manjši vpis. Če je bila v družinah prve generacije predaja materinščine otrokom dolžnost, v družinah druge generacije zavest o tej dolžnosti popušča, kar vpliva na otroke predvsem v dobi adolescence. Pri tem ne gre pozabiti na narodno mešane zakone, ki so tem bolj izpostavljeni asimilaciji.
All those who live abroad value their mother tongue very highly. In our case this is the Slovene language. Post-war Slovene immigrants to Argentina felt it their natural duty to pass on the spoken and written language to their descendants. They therefore founded joint local centres and primary school and secondary school courses designed to complement the transfer of the mother tongue taking place in families. The decision to enrol in secondary school courses is made by the children themselves, though they are already considerably under the influence of an environment which tries to achieve the necessary education with the minimum effort. For this reason enrolments are relatively few. If in first-generation families passing on the mother tongue was a duty, in second-generation families consciousness of this duty lessens, which affects children mainly during the period of adolescence. We should of course not forget ethnically mixed marriages, which are so much the more exposed to assimilation.
Jevnikar, Martin. Slovenski domovi v Južni Ameriki. Slovene Homes in South America. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
Prispevek prikazuje naselitev 6000 slovenskih povojnih izseljencev v Argentini, največ v Buenos Airesu, njihove začetne težave pri iskanju službe in stanovanja, počasno vraščanje v nove razmere, gospodarsko utrditev, ustanovitev šolskih tečajev za skoraj tisoč otrok in zgraditev devetih slovenskih domov za cerkev, šolo, prosvetne dejavnosti in razvedrilo.
The paper discusses the settling of 6000 Slovene post-war emigrants in Argentina, mostly in Buenos Aires, their first struggles to obtain employment and housing, their slow integration into the new environment, economic consolidation, the establishing of school lessons for almost 1000 children and the building of nine Slovene Homes for church, school and educational activities, and recreation.
Jurak, Mirko. Ivan Dolenc and John Krizanc: Two Canadian authors of Slovene origin. Ivan Dolenc in John Krizanc: Dva kanadska avtorja slovenskega rodu. DD/ TH, 1 (1990).
In the novel Za dolar človečnosti (For a Dollar of Humanity, 1983) written by Ivan Dolenc, a biographical account of a typical struggle of a (Slovene) immigrant for survival and success in his new country, Canada, is presented. The life of Slovene and Yugoslav immigrants is stretched between hope and despair. The author stresses that the migrant must be included in a new environment also spiritually, if he wishes his desires for freedom, honest way of life and personal integrity to be fulfdled. John Krizanc, a son of a Slovene immigrant, was born in Canada. He has already written some successful plays, among them Tamara (1981) and Prague (1983). In the latter he presents the life and activity of a theatrical group which endeavours to perform in Prague a work defending political freedom. However, political controllers prevent them from doing this, at least temporarily. Krizanc’s heroes struggle to achieve the same aims as the protagonists of Dolenc’s novel.
V romanu Ivana Dolenca Za dolar človečnosti (1983) je podana biografska pripoved o tipičnem boju (slovenskega) izseljenca za preživetje in uspeh v novi domovini, Kanadi. Življenje slovenskih in jugoslovanskih izseljencev je razpeto med upom in brezupom. Avtor poudarja, da se mora priseljenec tudi duhovno vključiti v novo okolje, če želi, da se mu izpolnijo želje po svobodi, poštenem življenju in osebni integriteti. John Krizanc, sin slovenskega izseljenca, je rojen v Kanadi. Doslej je napisal že več gledaliških uspešnic, med njimi drami Tamara (1981) in Praga (1983). V slednji prikazuje življenje in delo neke gledališke skupine, ki si v Pragi prizadeva uprizoriti delo, ki zagovarja politično svobodo, toda politični kontrolorji ji to - vsaj začasno-preprečijo. Tudi Krizančevi junaki se bojujejo za iste cilje kot protagonosti Dolenčevega romana.
Kalc, Aleksej. Smernice preučevanja izseljenstva v slovenskem zamejstvu v Italiji in slovensko izseljevanje z zamejskega prostora v delih italijanskih avtorjev.
The guidelines for the study of emigration of the Slovenes living in Italy, and emigration of the Slovenes from these regions in the works of Italian authors. DD/TH, 5
(1994).
Avtor predstavlja pristope in smernice obravnavanja migracijske problematike na etnično mešanem italijansko-slovenskem območju v severovzhodni Italiji. Podčrtuje dolgoletno osredotočanje študijskih prizadevanj slovenskih avtorjev pretežno le na »aktualne« izseljenske teme in gledanje na slovensko izseljenstvo iz tega prostora večinoma z vidika njegovih negativnih demografskih in drugih vplivov na razvoj
manjšinske skupnosti. Nadalje opozarja na spremembe v pristopanju zadnjih let in vse večji interes za ovrednotenje izseljenskih stvarnosti v priseljenskih državah. V zvezi s tem opozarja na odražanje manjšinske izkušnje v življenju posameznika in skupnosti v priseljenskih okoljih. V drugem delu se avtor zaustavlja pri delih in pristopih italijanskih preučevalcev, ugotavljajoč, da so se osredotočali večinoma le na selitveni pojav v Beneški Sloveniji.
The author presents methods and guidelines for treating the migration issues in the ethnically mixed area of the Slovene and Italian population in northwest Italy. He points out the exclusive concentration of Slovene authors on currently »acute« emigration issues and an approach to the emigration of the Slovenes from these regions mainly from the perspective of negative demographic consequences and other such influences on minority groups. Furthermore, the author points to a recent change in the approach and to an increasing interest in the life of emigrants in the destination countries. In this regard the author draws attention to the influence of emigrants’ experiences originating in their status of national minority on their life in a new environment. In the second part of the study the author discusses the works and approaches of Italian authors, concluding that their attention was mainly limited to the migration processes in Beneška Slovenija.
Kalc, Aleksej. Ladijske potniške evidence kot vir za zgodovino izseljenstva, s posebnim ozirom na izseljenske sezname tržaškega pristanišča. Ship passenger records as a source of the history of emigration, with a special emphasis on the passenger lists in the port of Trieste. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
Po okvirnem uvodu, posvečenem značilnostim in možnostim uporabe poimenskih potniških seznamov kot vira za preučevanje prekooceanskih izseljenskih procesov, avtor predstavlja ladijske izseljenske evidence, ki sojih izdelale pristaniške oblasti avstrijskega nacionalnega izseljenskega pristanišča Trst v letih 1912-1914. Podana sta historiat in kritična obravnava vira ter vsebovanih podatkov, zlasti v perspektivi strukturnih in drugih raziskav slovenskih izseljenskih procesov, kijih omejuje pomanjkanje oziroma neustreznost uradnih statistik.
After the introduction, dedicated to the characteristics and possibilities of using passenger records as a source for studying transoceanic emigration processes, the author presents ship emigration records produced by the port authorities of the Austrian national emigration port of Trieste during the years 1912-1914. The article includes the historical overview and a critical discussion of the source and the content, especially from the perspective of structural and other research into Slovene emigration processes, which are limited by the lack and/or inadequacy of official statistics.
Kalc, Aleksej. Razvojni obrisi izseljenske zakonodaje v 19. stoletju in do prve svetovne vojne. Outlines of the development of emigration legislation in the 19th century and up to World War I. DD/TH, 8 (1997).
Primerjalni pregled izseljenske zakonodaje v dobi liberalizma z ozirom na druž-
benogospodarsko in pravnofilozofska izhodišča in spremembo odnosa države do izseljenskega pojava s posledičnim prehodom od represivnega k socialnovarstvenemu obravnavanju problematike. Orisana je razvojna pot, skupne vsebinske in tehnične značilnosti zakonskih ureditev ter njihove posebnosti glede na razmere in izseljensko politiko držav.
A contrastive overview of the emigration legislation in the period of liberalism with regard to the socio-economic and legal-philosophical backgrounds and the changed attitude of the state towards the emigration phenomenon with a consequential transition from the repressive treatment of the problem to a social and protectionist one. The development, the common content and technical characteristics of regulatory arrangements as well as their peculiarities in view of the circumstances and the emigration policies of individual countries are outlined.
Klemenčič, Matjaž & Darja Emeršič. Ideja in poskusi izgradnje Slovenskega narodnega doma na St. Clairu v Clevelandu. The idea and attempts of building Slovenian National Home on St. Clair Avenue in Cleveland. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
V tem članku je obravnavana zgodovina Slovenskega narodnega doma na aveniji St. Clair v Clevelandu od prvih pobud za izgradnjo doma do začetka druge svetovne vojne. Na podlagi časopisnih člankov, jubilejnih zbornikov, zapisnikov sej in finančnih poročil avtorja prikažeta proces graditve doma ter dejavnost organizacij, ki so bile povezane s tem domom.
The article deals with the history of Slovenski narodni dom (Slovenian National Home) on St. Clair Avenue in Cleveland, from the first initiatives to build the Home until World War II. On the basis of newspaper articles, jubilee miscellanea, as well as the notes from meetings and financial reports, the authors show the process of building the Home and the activities of organizations connected with this Home.
Klemenčič, Matjaž. Elections for councilmen in the city of Cleveland and Slovenes of Cleveland. Volitve za člane mestnega sveta v Clevelandu in clevelandski Slovenci. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Slovenes of Cleveland were one of the most successful ethnic groups in the elections for councilmen in the 1920s and 1930s. Four out of the thirty-three councilmen who were elected in 1937 were of Slovene descent. The author researches into the causes of such success of American Slovenes in the Cleveland elections.
Na volitvah za člane mestnega sveta so bili Slovenci v Clevelandu v dvajsetih in tridesetih letih ena najuspešnejših etničnih skupin. Prvega člana mestnega sveta so dobili na volitvah leta 1925, na volitvah leta 1937 pa so od 33 članov mestnega sveta izvolili kar štiri svetnike slovenskega porekla. Avtor analizira tudi vzroke, ki so privedli do uspehov slovenskih kandidatov na volitvah.
Klemenčič, Matjaž. Dosežki in načrti v raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva po znanstvenih disciplinah po letu 1945. Achievements and plans in the research of Slovene emigration in scientific disciplines after 1945. DD/TH, 4 (1993).
Članek se ukvarja z raziskovanjem izseljevanja Slovencev po dragi svetovni vojni, s posebnim ozirom na vlogo zgodovinopisja v tem raziskovanju. Avtor članka ugotavlja, da so se z raziskovanjem slovenskega izseljenstva ukvarjali predvsem ljubiteljsko vse do simpozija o Louisu Adamiču, ki gaje Univerza v Ljubljani priredila leta 1981.
The article is concerned with research into the emigration of Slovenes following the Second World War with special regard to the role of historiography in this research. The author of the article concludes that research into Slovene emigration was carried out mainly on an enthusiast level up until the symposium on Louis Adamič, which the University of Ljubljana held in 1981.
Klinar, Peter. Zamisli o sodelovanju med Slovenci in njihovimi potomci v matici in v tujini. Some ideas on the cooperation between Slovenes and their descendants in the homeland and those abroad. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Prispevek izhaja iz teoretičnih izhodišč za raziskovanje mednarodnih migracij in iz teoretične zasnove o skupnem slovenskem kulturnem prostoru, ki temelji na sodelovanju med različnimi kategorijami Slovencev v matici in v zamejstvu ter med slovenskimi izseljenci in njihovimi potomci. Na temelju empiričnih rezultatov iz javnomnenjskih raziskav, opravljenih v Sloveniji (Slovensko javno mnenje 1987 in 1988 ter Slovensko javno mnenje 1988 - Mnenjski voditelji), je preučena zamisel o skupnem slovenskem kulturnem prostoru in seznanjenost s slovenskimi izseljenskimi skupnostmi po svetu. Osrednji del prispevka pa zadeva analizo empiričnih podatkov o vidikih medsebojnega sodelovanja med Slovenci v matični dražbi in v tujini, s poudarkom na načinu sodelovanja Slovenije s slovenskimi skupnostmi po svetu.
The paper draws from theoretical sociological premises on research into international migrations and from a theoretical outline of a common Slovene cultural space based on cooperation among various categories of Slovenes - those in the homeland and neighboring countries, as well as Slovene emigrants and their descendants. The idea of a common Slovene cultural space and the awareness of Slovene emigrant communities worldwide have been studied on the basis of empirical results from polling done in Slovenia: Slovene public opinion 1987 and 1988 and Slovene public opinion 1988 - Opinion setters. The central part of the article is an analysis of empirical data on the aspects of cooperation between Slovenes in their homeland society and those abroad, with the accent given to the manner in which Slovenia cooperates with Slovene communities worldwide.
Klinar, Peter. Sodobne evropske migracije in Slovenija. Contemporary European migration and Slovenia. DD/TH, 4 (1993).
Članek obravnava migracijske pritiske z vzhoda Evrope, zahodne omejitvene ukrepe in vlogo srednjeevropskih držav kot zadrževalcev migracijskih valov z vzho-
da. Nadaljnje teme prispevka so položaj Slovenije v zvezi z migracijskimi pritiski z vzhoda in begunskimi tokovi z Balkana, njene omejene emigracijske možnosti in načela slovenske imigracijske politike. Avtor podaja tudi nekatera izhodišča za prihodnje migracijske raziskave.
The article discusses the migration pressures from Eastern Europe, the Western limiting measures and the role of Central Europian countries as checks on the migration waves from the East. Further topics of the article are the situation of Slovenia in relation to the migration pressures from the East and the refugee currents from the Balkans, Slovenia’s limited emigration possibilities and the principles of Slovene immigration policy. Some starting points for future migration research are also given.
Klinar, Peter. Nekateri sodobni vidiki slovenskih emigracijskih procesov: Skica o sodobnih slovenskih migracijah. Some aspects about contemporary Slovenian migration. DD/TH, 6 (1995).
V spomin na prezgodaj umrlega poznavalca migracijskih gibanj na Slovenskem in sodelavca naše revije, dr. Petra Klinarja, objavljamo njegov še neobjavljeni prispevek z Drugega mednarodnega znanstvenega srečanja raziskovalcev izseljenstva na Občinah nad Trstom 8. oktobra 1993. V njem avtor spregovori o sodobnih slovenskih migracijah in o domačih ter zunanjih dejavnikih emigracijskega potiskanja iz Slovenije. Oriše tudi podobo slovenskih emigrantov in nove emigracijske možnosti, v zaključku pa spregovori o aktivnejši migracijski politiki Slovenije, ki odraža stanje leta 1993.
In memory of Dr Peter Klinar, an expert on migration movements in Slovenia and a contributor to our periodical, we publish this as yet unpublished contribution to the Second international conference of emigration research in Opicina, Italy, on October 8, 1993. In it, the author opens debate and introduces research about contemporary Slovenian migration and about the factors leading to emigration from Slovenia. He also outlines the image of Slovenian emigrants and new possibilities for emigration. He concludes with an examination of the active migration policy of Slovenia, which reflected conditions in 1993.
Kocjančič, Cvetka. Združevanje kanadskih Slovencev. Associating of Canadian Slovenes. DD/TH, 9 (1998).
Prispevek obravnava oblike verskih, socialnih in kulturnih združenj treh glavnih valov slovenskih priseljencev v Kanadi: predvojnih priseljencev, večinoma kmetov, ki so tja prispeli v letih 1924-29, političnih beguncev, ki so se priselili v letih 1948— 51, in ekonomskih priseljencev po letu 1956. Članek se dotika tudi političnih in drugih razhajanj med omenjenimi tremi skupinami slovenskih priseljencev, ki so pokazali največjo enotnost v času, ko je bila njihova rojstna dežela v krizi, tj. med drugo svetovno vojno in med kratko vojno za neodvisnost Slovenije.
The article deals with the pattern of religious, social and cultural associations of three major waves of Slovene emigration to Canada — the pre-World War II immigrants who arrived in Canada between 1924 and 1929, consisting mostly of peasant
men, political refugees who came between 1948 and 1951, and the economic immigrants who arrived in Canada after 1956. The article also reflects the political and other differences between the three groups of Slovene immigrants, who seemed to be most united at the time of crisis in their homeland, that is, during the Second World War and during the short war for the independence of Slovenia.
Kodrič, Majda. Nekateri pristopi k problematiki druge generacije v okviru raziskovanja priseljenstva v ZDA. Immigration research in the U.S.A.: Some approaches to the problems of the second generation. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Prispevek zajema pregled nekaterih temeljnih publikacij ameriških raziskovalcev priseljenstva o problematiki druge generacije. Vključena so zlasti dela, ki se nanašajo na položaj pripadnikov druge generacije v italijanski in slovanskih etničnih skupnostih. Upoštevani so tudi začetni pristopi k tej temi v okviru raziskovanja slovenskega izseljenstva v ZDA. Iz praktičnih razlogov je časovni obseg obravnavanih ameriških publikacij nekoliko omejen, saj segajo le do prve polovice osemdesetih let, razen nekaterih, ki pa temu vprašanju namenjajo samo posamezna poglavja. Upoštevana dela preučujejo problematiko druge generacije v okviru raznih disciplin, kot so psihologija, pedagogika, zgodovinopisje, sociolingvistika in etnologija. Pri nanašanju na osebno raziskavo o položaju druge generacije znotraj Slovenske narodne podporne jednote so uporabljeni tudi nekateri časopisni viri.
The paper comprises a survey of some fundamental publications by American immigration researchers on the problem of »the second generation«. Included particularly are works on the position of the second generation in the Italian and Slavic ethnic communities. The rudimentary treatments of this theme among Slovene emigrants to the USA are also considered. For practical reasons, the time rang of the surveyed American publications is somewhat limited. They reach only to the first half of the 1980s exept for some in which only a few paragraphs deal with this problem. The considered works investigate the problems of the second generation within various disciplines, such as psychology, pedagogics, historiography, social linguistics and ethnology. On the issue of the position of the second generation within the Slovene National Benefit Society, some newspaper sources were used.
Kodrič, Majda. The press as a link between the leaders and the rank and file of an ethnic fraternal organization: Handling the situation of second generation membership in tire KSKJ’s organs. Časopisje kot vez med vodstvom in bazo etnične podporne organizacije: Soočanje s položajem članstva druge generacije v glasilih Kranjsko slovenske katoliške jednote. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
The article deals with the Glasilo K. S. K. Jednote and the Angelček (Little Angel) monthly as sources for the study of the position of the Carniolian Slovene Catholic Union on issues concerning the second generation membership. The comparison between its stands and the stands of the Slovene National Benefit Society takes into consideration, partly and in general outlines, the organization’s publications Prosveta
(Enlightenment) and Mladinski list (Juvenile), later named The Voice of Youth. Noting the ideological differences between the two organizations, the article emphasizes their effort at coordinating approaches to problems of second generation’s ethnic identity and acculturation.
Prispevek obravnava Glasilo K. S. K. Jednote in mesečnik Angelček kot vira za preučevanje odnosa Kranjsko slovenske katoliške jednote do vprašanja druge generacije. Pri primerjavi njenih stališč do tega vprašanja s stališči Slovenske narodne podporne jednote sta deloma in v splošnih obrisih upoštevani glasili te organizacije Prosveta 'm Mladinski list (Juvenile), kasnejši The Voice of Youth. Ob ideoloških razlikah je glede obeh organizacij poudarjeno njuno prizadevanje za usklajen odnos do vprašanja etnične identitete in akulturacije druge generacije.
Kodrič, Majda. Zanimanje slovenskih misijonarjev v Severni Ameriki za izseljevanje rojakov, kot se odraža v dopisih v Zgodnji danici. The interest of Slovene missionaries in North America in Slovene emigration, as it is expressed in their letters to Zgodnja danica. DD/TH, 6 (1995).
Slovenski katoliški list Zgodnja danica (1849-1902) je redno objavljal pisma slovenskih misijonarjev iz Severne Amerike, zlasti iz območja ob Velikih jezerih (Great Lakes). V njih najdemo - poleg opisov dejavnosti misijonarjev - tudi vrsto drugih informacij. Pozornost posvečajo tudi slovenskim ekonomskim izseljencem, ki so znotraj širokega evropskega vala prihajali v Severno Ameriko. Avtoričin interes je usmerjen k pomenu misijonarskih pisem pri spodbujanju zgodnjega izseljevanja s poudarkom na skupini slovenskih družin, ki so se priselile v Steams County v Minnesoti leta 1865. Ti slovenski priseljenci so sledili vabilu Franca Pirca.
In the column »Iz Amerike« (From America) the Slovene Catholic newspaper Zgodnja danica (1849-1902) regulary published letters by Slovene missionaries in North America, in the area near Great Lakes. Besides reporting on the activities among Native Americans the letters deal with other subjects as well. They also express missionaries’ interest in Slovene economically motivated emigration, within their broader interest in European immigration to North America. The essay examines the letters in this regard and stresses their role in fostering early Slovene emigration to this continent. It mainly focuses on a group of families who emigrated to Steams County, Minnesota in 1865, following the advice of the missionary Franc Pirc.
Kolar, Bogdan. Družba svetega Rafaela do ustanovitve ljubljanske podružnice.
The Society of St. Raphael up to the foundation of the Ljubljana branch. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Predstavljeni so začetki cerkvene bratovščine, kije skrbela za izseljence in doživela največji razmah na nemškem jezikovnem področju. Preko Avstrije so se z njo seznanili tudi Slovenci in jo v prvih letih 20. stoletja sprejeli kot obliko organiziranega dela za rojake po svetu. Prispevek je nastal na podlagi arhivskega gradiva, ki se nahaja v arhivu dunajske nadškofije, in časopisnih poročil.
Presented here are the beginnings of a church fraternity which took care of emigrants and which flourished mostly in German speaking areas. Slovenes became acquainted with it via Austria and, in the first years of the 20th century, accepted it as a form of organized work for countrymen abroad. The paper draws from the materials found in the archives of the Archdiocese in Vienna and from newspaper reports.
Kolar, Bogdan. St. Joseph KSKJ local lodge, Bridgeport, Connecticut. Krajevno društvo K.S.K.J. sv. Jožefa v Bridgeportu v Connecticutu. DD/TH, 10 (1999).
More than two hundred local branches of the Kranjsko slovenska katoliška jed-nota were founded across the United States. One of these, the Society of St. Joseph in Bridgeport, Connecticut (and subsequently in Fairfield, Connecticut), was closely connected to the Slovene parish there. Both institutions were dominated by Slovene immigrants from Prekmurje, which gave original characteristics to both parish and local society. At the time of its foundation the society offered support and protection. Its current activities are predominantly social and connected with the preservation of Slovene ethnic features.
Med več kot dvesto krajevnimi društvi Kranjsko slovenske katoliške jednote, ki so nastala po Združenih državah, je bilo društvo sv. Jožefa v Bridgeportu in nato v Fairfieldu v Connecticutu tesno povezano s tamkajšnjo slovensko župnijo. V obeh ustanovah so prevladovali slovenski priseljenci iz Prekmurja, kar je tako župniji kot krajevnemu društvu dajalo izvirne značilnosti. Ob ustanovitvi je bilo društvo podporno in zavarovalno. V njegovem sedanjem delovanju prevladujeta družabnost in skrb za ohranjanje slovenskih etničnih značilnosti.
Koop, Kathryn. The new immigrant and the immigrant press in the New York area. Novi priseljenci in priseljenski tisk na področju New Yorka. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
The immigrant press reflects the changing profile of the newcomers arriving in the New York area from other parts of the world. Although most are immigrants, many are businessmen with their families coming to the US for up to five years before returning home. Some who come as immigrants also return after a period of time. These new people are often more affluent and educated than those from earlier immigrant waves. Many are seeking a better education for their children and investment opportunities for themselves. Although technology has eased the transition for them from one culture to another, language remains the key to acculturation in the new environment and assimilation into a global society.
Priseljenski tisk odraža spreminjajoči se profil novih prebivalcev, ki prihajajo v New York z vseh koncev sveta. Večinoma so priseljenci, veliko pa je med njimi poslovnežev, ki prihajajo v ZDA s svojimi družinami za čas do pet let. Nekateri se kljub temu, da sprva nameravajo ostati, po določeni dobi vrnejo domov. Ti novodobni prišleki so običajno bolj izobraženi in premožnejši od tistih iz zgodnejše dobe priseljevanja. Mnogi med njimi iščejo boljšo izobrazbo za svoje otroke in poslovne možnosti zase. Kljub temu, da je tehnologija olajšala prehode iz ene kulture v drugo, ostaja
jezik odločilen dejavnik pri akulturaciji v novo okolje in asimilaciji v globalno družbo.
Kurent, Tine. Pisma Louisa Adamiča nečaku Tinetu. Letters by Louis Adamic to his nephew Tine. DD/TH, 9 (1998).
Prispevek se opira na objavo nekaterih pisem (v avtentičnem prepisu), ki jih je Louis Adamič poslal svojemu nečaku Tinetu Kurentu v letih 1946-50. Tako vsebina kot tudi nekatere pravopisne napake v pismih odkrivajo - poleg podatkov o Adamičevih tedanjih dejavnostih in načrtih - tudi njegova čustvena stanja v trenutkih, ko jih je pisal.
The article is based upon the publication of a number of letters and short notices (in an authentic transcript) that Louis Adamic sent to the author, his nephew Tine Kurent, between 1946-50. The contents of these letters as well as some of the author’s spelling errors reveal, besides his current activities and future plans, the writer’s emotional state at the time when he was writing them.
Kurent, Tine. Kaj bo z gradivom profesorja Christiana za monografijo o Louisu Adamiču. About the material compiled by professor Christian for a monograph on Louis Adamic. DD/TH, 10 (1999).
Profesorju Henryju A. Christianu je prerana smrt preprečila objavo monografije o življenju in delu Louisa Adamiča. Njegova bogata zapuščina - zbrano gradivo o Adamiču - pa kljub temu predstavlja dragoceno osnovo za nadaljevanje njegovega raziskovalnega dela. Njegovi hčerki Judith Christian in Carolyn Needham sta darovali njegovo gradivo ustanovi Immigration History Research Center (IHRC) na Univerzi v Minnesoti. Professor Rudolph J. Vecoli, direktor IHRC, je poslano gradivo vključil v obstoječi arhiv IHRC in hkrati ustanovil »Sklad Louisa Adamiča in Henryja Christiana za slovenskoameriške študije«. Sklad naj bi podpiral slovenske ali ameriške podiplomske študente pri urejanju slovenskoameriškega gradiva v arhivu IHRC ter pri raziskovanju slovenskoameriške zgodovine in kulture.
His premature death prevented Professor Henry A. Christian from publishing his monograph on life and work of Louis Adamic. However, he has left a rich legacy -his research material of Adamiciana - as a basis for the continuation of his work. His daughthers, Judith Christian and Carolyn Needham, have donated his papers to the Immigration History Research Center (IHRC) at the University of Minnesota. Professor Rudolph J. Vecoli, head of the IHRC, has added the new acquisition to the archives of the IHRC, and estabilished »The Louis Adamic / Henry Christian Fund for Slovene American Studies«. This fund would provide research assistance for graduate students, either American or Slovene, who would help process Slovene-American materials in the IHRC, including the Christian papers, and at the same time, pursue graduate studies related to Slovene-American history and culture.
Kuzmič, Mihael. Amerikanski Slovencov glas. The Amerikanski Slovencov Glas weekly. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Na začetku 20. stoletja so se slovenski prekmurski rojaki začeli naseljevati v Betlehemu v ameriški zvezni državi Pensilvaniji, kjer je nastala že na začetku močna naselbina. Življenje v novem okolju so si dobro uredili, zgradili evangeličansko in katoliško cerkev, ustanovili dobrodelna društva in skrbeli za svojo narodno, kulturno in versko tradicijo. Pri tem jim je odločilno pomagal časopis Amerikanski Slovencov glas, ki so ga leta 1921 začeli izdajati kot skupno glasilo. Dobra tri desetletja, vse do svoje upokojitve leta 1954, gaje urejal in izdajal Aleksander Kardoš, ena od vodilnih osebnosti kulturnega življenja ameriških rojakov iz Prekmurja. Amerikanski Slovencov glas je bil med najpomembnejšimi dejavniki pri ohranjanju narodne, kulturne in verske zavesti med prekmurskimi izseljenci v prvi polovici tega stoletja.
At the beginning of the twentieth century Slovenes from Prekmurje started settling in Bethlehem, Pa., USA., where a strong Slovene community developed very soon. The community successfully organized life in the new environment, established the Evangelical and Catholic churches and charitable societies, and cared for its ethnic, cultural and religious traditions. A great contribution to this process was made by the newspaper Amerikanski Slovencov Glas, launched in 1921 as the common publication of the whole community. For thirty good years, up until his retirement in 1954, the paper was edited and published by Aleksander Kardoš, a leading figure in the cultural life of Prekmurje Slovenes in the United States. The Amerikanski Slovencov Glas was one of the most important factors of preservation of national, cultural and religious consciousness among the Prekmurje immigrants in the first half of this century.
Kuzmič, Mihael. Izseljevanje iz Prekmurja med prvo in drugo svetovno vojno v luči sodelavcev Mladega Prekmurca. Emigration from Prekmurje between the First and the Second World Wars: Experiences portrayed in contributions to Mladi Prekmurec. DD/TH, 6 (1995).
Avtorje pripravil prikaz vzrokov in stanja izseljevanja iz Prekmurja med prvo in drugo svetovno vojno na osnovi gradiva, ki je bilo objavljeno v Mladem Prekmurcu, glasilu prekmurskih mladih intelektualcev in literarnih ustvarjalcev. Avtorji v glasilu so obravnavali gospodarske probleme Prekmurja, socialno strukturo, gospodarsko življenje in sezonsko izseljevanje, ki seje v večini primerov podaljšalo v izseljenstvo. Sezonci so na začetku (od leta 1850) odhajali v Slavonijo, Vojvodino in na Madžarsko, izseljenci med obema vojnama pa največ v Nemčijo, Francijo in Južno ter Severno Ameriko. Njihovo čutenje s spomini, načrti in željami je našlo svoj odraz v osmih pesmih, ki so bile objavljene v Mladem Prekmurcu. Vzroki, nameni in stanje izseljenstva iz Prekmurja so v grobih obrisih enaki v ostalih predelih Slovenije.
The author surveys the reasons and circumstances of emigration from Prekmurje between the First and Second World Wars on the basis of material which was published in Mladi Prekmurec (Young Prekmurec), a gazette of the younger intellectuals and writers. This was a forum for authors to discuss the economic problems of Prek-
murje, as well as its social structure, economic life and the phenomenon of seasonal migration, which in the majority of cases was extended to outright emigration. In the beginning, from about 1850 onwards, seasonal workers would set out for Slavonia, Vojvodina and Hungary; emigrants between the World Wars, however, went mostly to Germany, France, and South and North America. Their feelings, alongside reminiscences and hopes for the future, were reflected in eight poems, which Mladi Prekmurec published. The reasons for, intentions and the state of emigration from Prekmurje serve as an insightful microcosm of Slovenes’ experiences throughout the country.
Kuzmič, Mihael. Slovenska evangeličansko-luteranska cerkev Svetega Ivana v Betlehemu, Pensilvanija, ZDA. The Slovene Evangelical Lutheran Church of Saint John in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
Avtor v svojem prispevku prikaže protestantski del prekmurskih izseljencev v Betlehemu v ameriški zvezni državi Pensilvaniji, ki so versko združeni v Slovenski evangeličanski cerkvi sv. Ivana. Po priseljevanju v prvem desetletju tega stoletja so se že leta 1910 organizirali v samostojno župnijo. Ustvarili so si trdno materialno osnovo, v materinščini so imeli živahno versko in (delno še) narodnostno življenje, dobro organizirano kulturno in društveno dejavnost ter pestro literarno dejavnost pod vodstvom treh prekmursko govorečih pastorjev: Williama Lamberta, dr. Ernesta Stieglerja in dr. Franka Flisserja. S svojo dejavnostjo so združevali prekmurske rojake v Ameriki in ohranjali tesne vezi s starimi kraji in domovino svojih prednikov.
In this article the author gives a presentation of the Prekmurian Protestant emigrants in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, who are gathered in their faith in the Slovene Evangelical Church of Saint John. After immigrating in the first decade of this century they organized themselves into an independent parish as early as 1910. They created a strong material base and had an active religious and (to a certain extent) community life, well organized cultural activities and societies, and variegated literary activities under the leadership of pastors William Lambert, Dr Ernest Stiegler and Dr Frank Flisser, all of whom spoke the Prekmurian dialect. Through their activities they succeeded in uniting their Prekmurian compatriots in the United States and in maintaining close ties with their old homes and the homeland of their ancestors.
Lenček, Rado L. Problems and perspectives of ethnic identification: Withering away or reaffirmation?. Problemi in perspektive etnične identifikacije: Izginjanje ali nova potrditev?. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Slovene emigrants who went to the United States after World War Two radically differ from the previous generations in their considerably higher degree of education, general and professional knowledge and proficiency in English. On the basis of his own experience, the author lists some characteristics of this group, its attitude toward older emigrants and toward the research on its own ethnic heritage. Among other things he ascertains that American Slovenes preserve their language in the first generation, but rarely in the second. They keep it little longer in their religious practice but
never in their public lives. The higher the educational level they brought into the States, the longer they cling to Slovene language and their ethnic identity. On the other hand, the higher the level of education they have acquired in English, the faster and easier they become »Americanized«.
Slovenski izseljenci, ki so prišli v ZDA po drugi svetovni vojni, so se bistveno ločili od prejšnjih generacij po znatno višji stopnji izobrazbe, razgledanosti po svetu, poklicnem znanju in znanju angleščine. Avtor na podlagi lastnih izkušenj izsiljenca te vrste naniza nekatere značilnosti te skupine, njenih odnosov do starejših priseljencev in do raziskovanja lastne etnične dediščine. Med drugim ugotavlja, da ohranjajo ameriški Slovenci svoj jezik v družinskem življenju prve generacije, redko v drugi, nekaj dlje v verski tradiciji, nikakor pa ne v javnem življenju. Čim višja je izobrazba, ki so jo prinesli s seboj v Ameriko, tem dlje se oklepajo slovenskega jezika in etnične identitete; nasprotno pa se tem laže in hitreje amerikanizirajo, čim višja je stopnja njihove izobrazbe v angleščini.
Lukšič-Hacin, Marina. Pregled dosedanjih (slovenskih) socioloških raziskav o slovenski izseljenski problematiki v Evropi od leta 1945 dalje. Review of (domestic) sociological studies of Slovene migration problems in Europe from 1945 on. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Prispevek podaja pregled slovenskih socioloških raziskav o slovenskem izseljenstvu za povojno obdobje. Večji del obstoječih raziskav je bil izpeljan v okviru večletnega raziskovalnega projekta RI FSPN. V pripravljalnem obdobju je bil objavljen projekt raziskav, izdani sta bili dve obsežni bibliografiji in informacije o najpomembnejših rezultatih raziskave o tujih delavcih, ki jo je nemški zvezni zavod za delo (Bundesanstalt fiir Arbeit) izvedel spomladi 1972. Ostale raziskave avtorica razdeli v štiri sklope: 1. raziskave, ki govorijo o življenju Slovencev v ZRN; 2. raziskave o Slovencih, ki so se vrnili domov iz ZRN; 3. raziskave o specifični problematiki izseljencev iz Pomurja in 4. ostale raziskave. Časovni in tematski pregled socioloških raziskav je v osnovi problemsko zastavljen.
The paper gives a review of domestic sociological studies of Slovene migration in the postwar period. The greater part of the studies were carried out within a longterm research project of the FSPN Research Institute. Works published in the preparatory period included a draft research project, two extensive bibliographies and a report on the most important data from the study of immigrant workers carried out by the Bundesanstalt fur Arbeit in spring of 1972. The author divides other studies into four groups: 1. studies of the life of Slovenes in FRG; 2. studies of Slovene returnees from FRG; 3. studies of the specific problems of Pomurje emigrants, and 4. other studies. In dealing with the subject the author adopted a problem-based approach.
Lukšič-Hacin, Marina. Izseljenci v luči slovenske sociologije. Emigrants considered from the perspective of Slovene sociology. DD/TH, 4 (1993).
Na osnovi kar se da celovitega pregleda vsebine in rezultatov socioloških del,
raziskav, prispevkov, doktorskih in magistrskih del ter nenazadnje tudi diplomskih nalog, prispevek skozi analizo pokaže na v preteklosti neobravnavana vprašanja in probleme, ki so za nadaljnja raziskovanja še kako pomembni.
On the basis of as complete a survey as possible of the contents and results of sociological work, research, contributions, doctoral and masters’ work and undergraduate theses, the paper points, through analysis, to questions and problems left unaddressed in the past which continue to hold significance for future investigation.
Lukšič-Hacin, Marina. Dr. Božo Škerlj in slovenski izseljenci v Ameriki. Dr. Božo Škerlj and Slovene emigrants in America. DD/TH, 5 (1994).
Prispevek opisuje stike dr. Boža Škerlja s slovenskimi izseljenci v Clevelandu, njihovo medsebojno knjižno izmenjavo in njegov obisk clevelandske skupnosti med študijskim potovanjem po ZDA. Izkušnje, spoznanja, ki jih je pridobil, in ideje, ki so se mu porodile, je podal v knjigi Neznana Amerika in pozneje v članku Nekaj akultu-racijskih pojavov pri ameriških Slovencih. Prav slednje delo je izrazito socialno antropološko. V njem je B. Škerlj obravnaval akulturacijo in v zaključku podal nekaj izhodišč za raziskovanje akulturacijskih procesov med slovenskimi izseljenci.
The article describes the contacts of Dr Božo Škerlj with Slovene immigrants in Cleveland, their exchange of books, and his visit to Slovene immigrants in Cleveland during his study tour of the United States. He later described his experiences, realisations and ideas which he gathered on this tour, in the book entitled Unknown America and the article Some acculturalization phenomena among the American Slovenes. The article is based on social anthropology and deals with acculturalization. In the conclusion Professor Škerlj gives several starting points for the research of acculturalization processes among Slovene emigrants.
Maffia, Marta Mercedes, Maria Gabriela Morgante & Monica Elisabeth Fora. Lithuanian immigration to Argentina. Litovski priseljenci v Argentini. DD/TH, 9 (1998).
The essay constitutes a preliminary approach to the investigation of the migration, adaptation and identity of the Lithuanian community in Argentina. The constitution of the Lithuanian identity in Argentina was based upon two pillars: Families and Societies. The former jump-started a process of conservation of elements of the Lithuanian culture, such as the spoken language and food preparations. However, it was submitted to a series of changes exercised by the local interaction and the incorporation of new habits, such as the Spanish language and mixed marriages. Societies, on the other hand, reinforced the feeling of belonging to the Lithuanian community through the execution of specific activities.
V prispevku so predstavljeni rezultati začetne stopnje raziskave o priseljevanju, adaptaciji in narodni identiteti litovske etnične skupnosti v Argentini. Oblikovanje litovske identitete v Argentini je temeljilo na dveh stebrih: družinah in društvih. V prvih se je začel proces ohranjanja prvin litovske kulture, kot sta jezik in priprava
hrane. Po drugi strani pa je bila družina izpostavljena spremembam zaradi vpliva okolja in privzemanja novih navad, predvsem španskega jezika in mešanih zakonov. Društva so krepila občutek pripadnosti litovski skupnosti z izvajanjem določenih dejavnosti.
Malačič, Janez. Nekatera aktualna vprašanja demografskega in ekonomskega vidika raziskovanja slovenskega izseljenstva. Certain current issues of demographic and economic aspects of the research of Slovene emigration. DD/TH, 4 (1993).
Pisec prispevka pokaže na nerazvitost demografskega in ekonomskega vidika pri raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva. Ustanovitev slovenskega demografskega inštituta bi predstavljala uspešno pot k odpravljanju glavnih pomanjkljivosti pri migracijskih raziskavah, hkrati pa bi to pomenilo pomemben prispevek k oblikovanju in uveljavitvi slovenske izseljenske politike. Po mnenju avtorja je tudi zelo verjetno, da bo Slovenija v bližnji prihodnosti postala del širšega evropskega migracijskega sistema.
The author of this paper shows the underdevelopment of the demographic and economic aspects of the research of Slovene emigration. Establishment of a Slovene demographic institute would be a successful way to overcome some major drawbacks of Slovene migration research and the design and the implementation of Slovene migration policy. It is also very likely, according to the author, that Slovenia will become in the near future a part of a broader European migration system.
Malačič, Janez. Demographic transition, emigration and long-term economic development: Countries with the highest emigration in Europe. Demografski prehod, emigracija in dolgoročni ekonomski razvoj: Države z največjo emigracijo v Evropi. DD/TH, 4 (1993).
In the paper demographic transition, emigration and long-term economic development with special reference to the countries with the highest emigration in Europe are analysed. Special attention is devoted to the connections between the process of demographic transition and oversees emigration and the importance of long-term economic development for migrations. European countries with the highest emigration are divided, with regard to the period 1800-1940, into two groups: those of old and those of new emigration. Notwithstanding the division Europe was characterized by the mass oversees emigration during the period. European experience shows that longterm economic development, modernization and social advancement have transformed a great majority of European countries into the countries of immigration. Emigrations from Europe gained momentum only if a certain level of development had been achieved. In many European countries rural-urban migrations preceded the emigration abroad and skill workers represented a significant proportion of emigrants.
V prispevku avtor analizira demografski prehod, emigracije in dolgoročni ekonomski razvoj, s posebnim poudarkom na evropskih državah z največjim izseljevanjem. Posebno pozornost posveča povezavi demografskih prehodov in čezmorskega izseljevanja s pomenom dolgoročnega ekonomskega razvoja za migracije. Evropske
države z največjo migracijo se glede na izseljevanje delijo v obdobju 1800-1940 v dve skupini: na dežele starega in novega izseljevanja. Kljub tej delitvi je za vse v tem času značilno množično izseljevanje. Evropska izkušnja kaže, da so dolgoročni ekonomski razvoj, modernizacija in socialni napredek preoblikovali veliko večino evropskih držav v dežele priseljevanja. Ko je bila dosežena določena stopnja razvoja v Evropi, je izseljevanje dobilo na moči. V mnogih evropskih deželah je selitvi s podeželja v mesta sledilo izseljevanje v tujino. Kvalificirani delavci so predstavljali velik delež teh izseljencev.
Maver, Igor. Slovene immigrant literature in the postmodern world: The rise of multiculturality and multi-ethnicity in Australia, the United States of America and Canada. Slovenska izseljenska književnost v postmodernem svetu: Vzpon multikulturnosti in multietničnosti v Avstraliji, Združenih državah Amerike in Kanadi. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
The article essentially features a contrastive historical survey of the various attitudes towards immigrant literature, including of course also Slovene creativity in Australia, the United States of America and Canada. It points to a convergence of the more recent cultural/literary approaches in the discussed English-speaking countries, e.i. a common trend in the direction of multiculturality and multi-ethnicity. With the critical evaluation of »immigrant« or »ethnic« literature »national« literary histories are now being rewritten (deconstructed) from the point of view of decentralization, demarginalization and decanonization within the postmodern paradigm.
Članek podaja kontrasten zgodovinski pregled različnih stališč o izseljenski literaturi, vključno s slovenskim ustvarjanjem v Avstraliji, ZDA in Kanadi. Nakazana je konvergenca v novejšem kultumo-zgodovinskem pristopu v omenjenih angleško govorečih deželah oziroma skupni trend v smeri multikulturnosti in multietničnosti. S kritičnim ovrednotenjem izseljenske oziroma etnične literature se posamezne nacionalne literarne zgodovine zdaj ponovno pišejo (dekonstruirajo) s stališča decentralizacije, demarginalizacije in dekanonizacije znotraj postmoderne paradigme.
Maver, Igor. The literary creativity of Slovene migrants in Australia in English: The Second Landing by Victoria Zabukovec. Literarno ustvarjanje slovenskih izseljencev v Avstraliji v angleškem jeziku: The Second Landing (Drugi pristanek) Victo-rije Zabukovec. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
The article at first describes the bilingual literary creativity of Slovene migrants in Australia. These migrants, among them the discussed Victoria Zabukovec, already regard Australia as their new home. Zabukovec’s novel The Second Landing, published in 1993, is based on the life experiences of her Slovene husband, prior to and posterior to his emigration to Australia immediately after World War Two. It represents a typical and successful example of historical fiction, with elements of fiction and fictionalized biographies, recounting the life experiences of protagonists from various countries of Eastern and South-Eastern Europe. She tries to be all along ob-
jective and for the most part does not comment on the fatal events, for which the protagonists seem predetermined and which they cannot avoid.
Članek najprej opredeli dvojezično literarno ustvarjalnost slovenskih izseljencev v Avstraliji (med njimi je tudi Victoria Zabukovec), tistih, ki že pojmujejo Avstralijo kot svoj novi dom. Roman Zabukovčeve The Second Landing, objavljen leta 1993, temelji na življenjskih izkušnjah avtoričinega moža Slovenca, pred in po njegovi naselitvi v Avstraliji takoj po drugi svetovni vojni. Predstavlja značilen in uspešen primer zgodovinske proze, z elementi fikcije in romansiranih biografij. Roman opisuje življenjske izkušnje protagonistov iz različnih dežel vzhodne in jugovzhodne Evrope. Avtorica skuša biti ves čas objektivna in povečini ne komentira usodnih dogodkov, za katere se protagonisti zdijo predeterminirani in katerim se ne morejo izogniti.
Maver, Igor. Danijela Hliš and her new collection of verse Hideaway Serenade
(1996). Danijela Hliš in njena nova pesniška zbirka Hideaway Serenade (1996). DD/ TH, 8 (1997).
Many Slovene migrants in Australia, especially those belonging to the younger generation have come to accept Australia as a second homeland, a lucky and in many ways promised country. Along with Slovene, they use English in their writing. This is true also of Danijela Hliš, who has so far published two collections of verse, Whisper (1991) and Hideaway Serenade (1996). She feels at home in Australia, accepting its positive and negative sides, and considers it a second (home)land, like some other Slovene migrant poets living in the land of Oz. Danijela Hliš is probably the first poet to be included in a major secondary-school textbook, which brings her to the Australian literary limelight and mainstream.
Danijela Hliš sodi v mlajšo generacijo slovenskih pesnikov prve priseljenske generacije, ki živijo in delajo v Avstraliji. V svoji poeziji uporablja tako slovenščino kot angleščino, kjer je tudi slednja, ki sicer ni njen materni jezik, postala medij umetniškega in intimnega osebnega izraza. V študiji je posebej analizirana njena druga pesniška zbirka, napisana v angleščini (1996), seveda z odnosnicami na njeno prvo zbirko, kije dvojezična (1991). V nekaterih pesmih prve zbirke (Whisper) je kot tema še vedno prisotna migrantova usoda v novi deželi, a večina pesmi njene druge zbirke (Hideaway Serenade) kaže na to, da se razvija v pesnico, ki ni vezana zgolj na mi-grantsko tematiko in bralno publiko.
Maver, Igor. Irena Birsa: An Australian poet and scholar of Slovene descent.
Irena Birsa: Avstralska pesnica in znanstvenica slovenskega rodu. DD/TH, 10 (1999).
The article analyses the academic and artistic work of Irena Birsa, who was born in Australia to Slovene parents. Her premature death in 1991 meant that her research on the Slovene emigrant community in Australia, particularly in the state of Victoria, was not completed. In 1994, however, a book of her articles, essays and papers, entitled Slovenians in Australia appeared posthumously. This book represents a valuable source of data for researchers into this area. The second half of the article discusses
some of Irena Birsa’s rare poems which though in manuscript form are subtly perfected and practically unknown to the general public.
V članku je analizirano znanstveno in umetniško delo Irene Birsa, ki se je rodila v Avstraliji slovenskim staršem. Spričo svoje prerane smrti leta 1991 raziskovalnega dela s področja slovenske izseljenske skupnosti v Avstraliji, posebej v državi Viktoriji, ni uspela dokončati, vendar je leta 1994 posmrtno izšla njena knjiga člankov, esejev in razprav Slovenians in Australia, ki predstavlja dragocen vir podatkov za raziskovalce omenjenega področja. V drugem delu so predstavljene nekatere redke Birsi-ne pesmi, ki obstajajo v rokopisu, a so subtilno dovršene in praktično neznane širši publiki.
Milač, Metod M. Petje druži nove priseljence: Ustanovitev in prva leta pevskega zbora Korotan. Choral singing unifies new immigrants: Founding and first years of Singing Society Korotan. DD/TH, 8 (1997).
Avtor opisuje v uvodu svojo pot prek Atlantika, prihod v ZDA, začetne težave z iskanjem zaposlitve in naselitev med novimi priseljenci v Clevelandu v Ohiu. Ideja za ustanovitev pevskega zbora je izšla iz želje in potrebe, da se priseljenci v novi deželi povežejo med seboj. Pevski zbor pa je nudil priložnost sodelovanja pri ohranjanju slovenske pesmi in kulture v etnično tako bogatem velemestu. Glavne teme članka so ustanovitev, letni koncerti in drugi nastopi pevskega zbora Korotan v letih 1951-1962. Avtor poleg tega oriše prispevek Korotana na mednarodnih kulturnih prireditvah v Clevelandu, nastope na televiziji in na Glasu Amerike. Zato ta pregled udejstvovanja zbora, napisan z avtorjeve perspektive, deloma prikazuje tudi kulturne uspehe clevelandske slovenske skupnosti v tem obdobju.
The author describes in the introductory section his trans-Atlantic voyage, arrival in the USA, initial difficulties with finding employment, and his settlement among the new immigrants in Cleveland, Ohio. The idea for a choral group came out of a desire and necessity to provide for the new immigrants a focused environment in the new land. Thus, a singing society offered many newcomers an opportunity to continue Slovene choral and cultural traditions in an ethnically rich metropolitan area. The main themes of this article are the founding, annual concerts, and other performances of the Singing Society Korotan in the years 1951-1962. In addition, the author provides insights into Korotans’s contributions to the multinational festivals, TV appearances, and performances on the Voice of America. This article about Korotan activities and successes, from the author’s perspective, offers indirectly also a look at the cultural life of the Cleveland Slovene community during this period.
Milanič, Irena. Mary Jugg Molek - an American writer and poet with Slovene roots. Mary Jugg Molek - ameriška pisateljica in pesnica slovenskega porekla. DD/ TH, 10 (1999).
The article aims at giving an overview of the literary works of Mary Jugg Molek (1909-1982). The author of the article investigates in particular her poems published
between 1932 and 1943 in Mladinski list - Juvenile and her book Immigrant Woman published in 1976. Insight is given as to how this second-generation poet and writer dealt with her Slovene background.
V članku je predstavljeno literarno delo Mary Jugg Molek (1909-1982). Avtorica analizira predvsem poezije Juggove, ki so bile objavljene med leti 1932-1943 v Mladinskem listu - Juvenile, in literarne značilnosti ter vsebino knjige Immigrant Woman (Priseljenka), objavljene leta 1976. Posebno pozornost posveča prikazovanju odnosa, ki gaje imela ta pisateljica druge generacije do svojih slovenskih korenin.
Mislej, Irene. Slovenski tisk v Argentini po drugi svetovni vojni. Slovene press in Argentina after World War II. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Prispevek nadaljuje snov, ki jo je podal Aleš Brecelj v članku Slovenski etnični tisk v Argentini do druge svetovne vojne. Osredotočil se je na tisk, ki je izhajal v slovenski skupnosti, ki seje izoblikovala ob koncu dvajsetih let z množičnim prihodom slovenskih izseljencev iz okupirane Primorske. Prispevek obravnava vse tiskane časopise in revije od napada na Jugoslavijo leta 1941 do izginotja zadnjega petnajst-dnevnika leta 1966. Dokumentira tudi vse urednike in pomembnejše sodelavce posameznih časopisov. Po letu 1966 obravnava biltene in druge publikacije, v katerih so objavljali tudi v slovenščini. Omenja tudi posebne publikacije, koledarje in revije ob posameznih priložnostih.
The author continues the elaboration of the material dealt with by Aleš Brecelj in the article Slovene ethnic press in Argentina until World War II. The paper focuses on the press of the Slovene community in Argentina created in late twenties with a wave of migrations from the occupied Primorska region. It deals with all the newspapers and reviews printed from the attack on Yugoslavia in 1941 until 1966, when the last fortnightly review ceased publication. The author records all editors and major collaborators of individual papers and periodicals. In dealing with the period after 1966, she presents the bulletins and other publications in which Slovene-language contributions appeared. She also records publications, calendars and reviews issued to mark specific occasions.
Mislej, Irene. Primorski odbor: Politično delovanje primorskih Slovencev med drugo svetovno vojno v Argentini. Primorski odbor: Political activity of Slovene emigrants from the Primorska region to Argentina during World War II. DD/TH, 5 (1994).
Članek prikazuje delovanje Primorskega odbora, ki so ga slovenski izseljenci s primorskih teritorijev pod italijansko okupacijo ustanovili v Buenos Airesu leta 1941. Odbor je združeval vidne predstavnike slovenske skupnosti različnih nazorov, ki so bili enotni v pričakovanju, da bodo po končni zmagi nad italijanskim fašizmom uveljavili svoje narodne interese in se ponovno združili z matično Slovenijo.
The article gives an outline of the activities of »Primorski odbor«, which Slovene emigrants from Italian-occupied coast territories founded in Buenos Aires in 1941.
The members of the »Odbor« were well-known representatives of the Slovene community of various ideological views. Many were unanimous in their expectations that they will be successful - after the final victory over Italian fascism - in implementing their national interests, and in reintegration with the native land.
Novak, Bogdan C. Adamic and Yugoslavia during World War II: The Slovene Catholic response. Adamič in Jugoslavija med drugo svetovno vojno: Slovenski katoliški odgovor. DD/TH, 5 (1994).
The article is the author’s (as yet unpublished) paper presented at the international symposium on Louis Adamic at the University of Minnesota in May 1981. On the basis of archive materials the author presented also »the dark sides« of Adamic’s activities during the Second World War.
Članek je avtorjev (doslej neobjavljeni) referat na mednarodnem simpoziju o Louisu Adamiču na Univerzi v Minnesoti maja 1981. Na podlagi arhivskega gradiva avtor prikazuje tudi »temne strani« Adamičevega delovanja med drugo svetovno vojno.
Novak, Bogdan C. Louis Adamic’s work for the official recognition of Tito and the national liberation movement of Yugoslavia by the United States government. Prizadevanja Louisa Adamiča, da bi Združene države Amerike uradno priznale Tita in jugoslovansko narodnoosvobodilno gibanje. DD/TH, 9 (1998).
The paper discusses Louis Adamic’s work for the international recognition of Tito and the national liberation movement, which can be divided into three periods. During the first period (from April 1941 until the end of August 1942) he was gathering all the available information on the actual situation in Slovenia and Yugoslavia. During the second one (September 1942 - July 1943) he tried to achieve that the Partisans would get the same recognition by the US as the Chetniks. To support these efforts, he organized the Slovene-American National Council and the United Committee of South Slavic Americans, and published its Bulletin. During the third period, from July 1943 until the end of March 1944, when he had a nervous breakdown, Adamic worked for the recognition of Tito’s Anti-Fascist National Liberation Council as the new Yugoslav government, and published his book My Native Land. In a conclusion, the author defines the extent of Adamic’s contribution to the recognition of Tito by the allies.
Adamičevo delo za priznanje Tita in narodnoosvobodilnega gibanja se deli na tri obdobja. V prvem Adamič zbira podatke o razmerah v Jugoslaviji, nekako od aprila 1941 do konca avgusta 1942. V drugem, od septembra 1942 do julija 1943, se Adamič trudi, da bi Združene države priznale partizane enako kot četnike. V podporo svojega dela organizira Slovenski ameriški narodni svet (SANS) in Združeni odbor južnoslovanskih Američanov (the United Committee) ter izdaja Bulletin. V tretji dobi, od julija 1943 do konca marca 1944, ko doživi živčni zlom, si Adamič prizadeva, da bi postal Titov Antifašistični narodnoosvobodilni odbor priznan kot nova jugoslovan-
ska vlada, in izda knjigo My Native Land (Moja rodna dežela). Sledi zaključek o tem, koliko je Adamič v resici prispeval k zavezniškemu priznanju Tita.
Petrič, Jerneja. Izseljenska avtobiografija v ZDA - primer slovenskih Američanov. Emigrant autobiography in the United States - a case of Slovene Americans. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Namen prispevka ni teoretično razmišljanje o avtobiografskem literarnem žanru, pač pa prikaz avtobiografij slovenskih priseljencev v ZDA kot njihove najstarejše književnosti. Avtorica ugotavlja, da izseljenskih avtobiografij ni mogoče presojati zgolj s strogo literarnoumetniškega vidika, ampak je treba upoštevati še druge vidike, kot so njihova vloga pri ohranjanju slovenstva, njihov zgodovinski pomen, priljubljenost med izseljenci ipd. Avtobiografije deli na starejše avtobiografije misijonarjev in na mlajše laične avtobiografije. Navaja značilnosti, skupne poteze in razlike med obema vrstama in poudarja dejstvo, da se pisci praviloma osredotočajo na nekaj osnovnih problemov, iz katerih izhajajo. Mnenja je, da so se slovenski izseljenci s svojimi avtobiografijami uspešno vključili v etnično književnost v ZDA, kije v tej državi dobila domovinsko pravico v zadnjih dveh desetletjih.
The intention of this article is not a theoretical discourse on the autobiographic literary style, but an outline of autobiographies written by Slovene emigrants to the United States, their earliest literary efforts. The author establishes that emigrant autobiographies cannot be evaluated from a strictly literary-artistic point of view. Other factors, such as their role in maintaining the Slovene identity, their importance for history, their popularity among the emigrants, as well as other similar matters, must be taken into account. Autobiographies are divided into two groups: older autobiographies of missionaries and younger, lay autobiographies. Characteristics of, common traits and differences between the two groups are listed, and emphasis is given to the fact that, as a rule, the authors regularly focus on some basic problem which they then elaborate. The author argues that, with their autobiographies, Slovene emigrants have fit well into the United States ethnic literature, a literature which has gained acceptance in the last two decades.
Petrič, Jerneja. Ponovno: Adamič - pisatelj, da ali ne?. Again: Adamic - a writer, yes or no?. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Kljub temu, da je bilo o življenju in delu Louisa Adamiča v zadnjih dveh desetletjih veliko napisanega in povedanega, obstajajo v zvezi z njegovim življenjem in delom praznine, ki jih zaradi pomanjkanja podatkov verjetno nikoli ne bo mogoče zapolniti. Avtorica analizira obdobja Adamičevega delovanja in ugotavlja, da ob obilici področij, kjer se je udejstvoval, nikakor ni čudno, da se ni mogel na nobenem razviti do popolnosti. Naglaša tudi, da njegova literatura sicer ni vzdržala pritiska časa in da sicer ne moremo govoriti o vrhunski literarni vrednosti njegovih del, lahko pa poudarimo njegov topli humanizem in človeško sporočilo, ki ga izžarevajo.
Despite the fact that much has been written and said in the last two decades about
the life and work of Louis Adamic, there are voids in both his life and work which will probably never be filled for lack of information. The author analyses Adamic’s creative periods and ascertains that, given the various areas of his interest, it is no wonder that he was perfect in none. She underlines that while his literature did not stand up to the pressure of time and his works are not literary gems, the warm humanism and humane message they emanate are worth emphasizing.
Petrič, Jerneja. Mediator between two cultures: Louis Adamic’s translation of Alojz Kraigher’s short story into English. Posrednik med dvema kulturama: Louisa Adamiča prevod Kraigherjeve kratke zgodbe v angleščino. DD/TH, 9 (1998).
In 1924 Louis Adamic translated Aljoz Kraigher’s short story »Martin Klobasa«; his translation titled »Builders«, however, is an adaptation which on the one hand enabled Adamic to test his English whereas on the other hand it proved that his understanding of literature was rather unique.
Leta 1924 je Adamič prevedel novelo Alojza Kraigherja »Martin Klobasa«; njegov prevod z naslovom »Builders« je priredba, ki je po eni strani omogočila Adamiču, daje preizkusil svoje znanje angleščine, po drugi strani pa dokazuje, daje Adamičevo razumevanje književnosti svojstveno.
Plut-Pregelj, Leopoldina. Katoliški šolski sistem v Združenih državah Amerike in ustanavljanje osnovnih šol pri slovenskih župnijah (1895-1941). Catholic educational system in the USA and the establishing of primary schools in Slovene parishes. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Na podlagi literature, tiskanih virov (Ave Maria koledar) in lastnega vprašalnika avtorica oriše pogoje delovanja verskih šol v Združenih državah, med njimi tudi katoliških. Konkretno jo zanima razvoj šol po slovenskih župnijah. V razpravi podaja kratek historiat teh šol po posameznih državah.
On the basis of literature, printed sources (Ave Maria Calendar) and her own questionnaire, the author outlines the conditions under which religious schools, including Catholic, were operating in the United States. Her interest focuses on the development of schools at Slovene parishes. The paper offers a brief history of these schools in individual states.
Rachleff, Peter J. The Croatian Fraternal Union, Zajedničar and the second generation. Hrvaška bratska zveza, Zajedničar in druga generacija. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
The paper explores the role of the Croatian Fraternal Union (CFU) and its newspaper Zajedničar in contributing to the evolution of the ethnic identity of the second generation of Croatian immigrants in the USA. Causes for a decreased CFU membership in World War One and the strategy of the CFU leaders to expand the membership are presented in detail. The study is - besides other sources - largely based upon articles published in Zajedničar between 1928 and 1936.
Prispevek osvetljuje vlogo Hrvaške bratske zveze (HBZ) in njenega tedenskega
glasila Zajedničar pri krepitvi etnične identitete druge generacije hrvaških priseljencev v ZDA. Prikazani so vzroki za upadanje članstva HBZ med prvo svetovno vojno ter strategija vodstva HBZ pri pridobivanju novih članov. Osnovni podatki, ki jih avtor ob uporabi drugih virov analitično obravnava v svoji študiji, se v veliki meri naslanjajo na časopisne članke v omenjenem glasilu od leta 1928 do 1936.
Rot, Andrej. Slovenski tisk v Argentini po drugi svetovni vojni. Slovene press in Argentina after World War II. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Namen študije je pregled emigrantskega tiska v letih 1945-90. Ves tisk te dobe je močno zaznamovan z delovanjem slovenske politične emigracije. Navedene so založbe, vse pomembne knjige in revije. Pregled je urejen po dejavnostih zdomcev: društva, Slovenska kulturna akcija, pastoralni tisk in razne mladinske, politične in druge ustanove.
The purpose of the study is to give a survey of emigrant press in the years 1945-90. The entire press in the mentioned period is strongly marked by the activity of the Slovene political emigration. All important books, magazines and publishing houses are mentioned. The survey is arranged by the activities of the emigrants: societies, Slovenska kulturna akcija (Slovene Cultural Action), pastoral press, and various youth, political and other institutions.
Skrbiš, Zlatko. On ethnic »communities« in non-native environments. Etnične skupnosti v tujih okoljih. DD/TH, 5 (1994).
According to the author the concept of ethnic community is often used uncritically in the literature concerned with ethnic groups in non-native environments. The basis for this type of argumentation is sociological conceptualization of »community«. The concept of ethnic »community« as used in everyday language as well as in theory and politics ignores heterogeneity and conflict in these »communities« and constructs the image of homogeneity and non-differentiation where they do not exist. The paper is based on a study of second generation of non-English speaking migrants in Australia.
Pojem etnične »skupnosti« se po avtorjevem mnenju pogosto nekritično pojavlja v literaturi, ki se ukvarja s problematiko etničnih skupin v tujih okoljih. Osnova za takšno argumentiranje je sociološko konceptualiziranje tega termina. Po svoji naravi pojem etnične »skupnosti« ignorira heterogenost in konfliktualnost ter ustvarja videz homogenosti in nediferenciranosti tam, kjer ju ni. Prispevek je zasnovan na študiji posameznikov druge generacije neangleško govorečih migrantov v Avstraliji.
Slavec, Ingrid. Etnološko preučevanje etnične identitete slovenskih izseljencev.
Ethnological research on the ethnic identity of Slovene emigrants. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Prispevek obravnava probleme raziskovanja etnične identitete slovenskih izseljencev, kakor so se pokazali v delu seminarja za preučevanje slovenskega izseljenstva na Oddelku za etnologijo FF v Ljubljani. V postopku zbiranja gradiva, študijske
obravnave pomembne literature in izdelave seminarskih in diplomskih nalog je bilo veliko pozornosti posvečene konceptualnim in metodološkim vprašanjem. Novi pristopi razumevanja medkulturnih in medetničnih razmer in dinamične opredelitve etnične identitete so značilni za nastale elaborate, ki presegajo in zavračajo stereotipe o izseljenski kulturi.
The paper discusses some problems concerning the research into the ethnic identity of Slovene emigrants as they have appeared within the work of the seminar for the study of Slovene emigration at the Department of Ethnology at the Faculty of Arts in Ljubljana. In the process of the collection of materials, the study of relevant literature and the preparation of seminar and graduate papers, much attention had been given to conceptual and methodological problems. New approaches to the understanding of inter-cultural and inter-ethnic relations and dynamic definitions of ethnic identity are characteristic of the constructs produced. In their sophistication, they surpass and refute the stereotypes concerning emigrant culture.
Stammers, Michael. »A Working Man’s Paradise« - English awareness of emigration and New Zealand in the age of sail. »Raj za delavnega človeka« - angleška zavest o izseljenstvu in Novi Zelandiji v dobi jadrnic. DD/TH, 10 (1999).
Migration was a major phenomenon in the demographic history of Europe in the 19th century and Britain played an important role with an estimated 16 million emigrants out of a European total of 44 million. A series of »push« and »puli« factors were at work including rural unemployment, rising population and the growth of European colonies and the development of steam transport. Whatever the macro causes, individuals were motivated by belief and perception and these were influenced by the availability of information. This information took many forms including recollections of past visits, letters, books, newspapers, etc. and this paper explores how potential emigrants found out about New Zealand.
Izseljevanje predstavlja enega najvidnejših pojavov v demografski zgodovini Evrope 19. stoletja, pri čemer je imela Velika Britanija pomembno vlogo. Ocenjujejo, da se je v tem času od skupno 44 milijonov evropskih izseljencev izselilo kar 16 milijonov ljudi z britanskih otokov. Na tako množično izseljevanje je vplivala cela vrsta »potisnih« in na drugi strani »privlačnih« dejavnikov (an. »push« and »puli« factors), kot so brezposelnost na podeželju, porast prebivalstva, rast evropskih kolonij in razvoj parnega transporta. Ne glede na splošne vzroke izseljevanja pa sta posameznike pri njihovi odločitvi za izselitev motivirali predvsem njihovo prepričanje in dojemanje izseljenstva, ki sta bili odvisni od dostopnosti tovrstnih informacij. Te so se pojavljale v različnih oblikah, od spominskih zapisov z obiskov, pisem, knjig, časopisov pa do razgovorov s povratniki. Namen tega prispevka je raziskati, kako so tedanji potencialni izseljenci prihajali v stik z informacijami o Novi Zelandiji in njenih možnostih za priseljevanje.
Stanonik, Janez. The prehistory of Slovene journalism in the United States. Predzgodovina slovenskega časnikarstva v ZDA. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
The article deals with the journalistic activity of Slovene missionaries and lay emigrants in America from 1707 to 1913. Their reports were published mainly in German, Austrian, American and Slovene papers. The first periodical paper of a Slovene emigrant in America, although in German language, is a private paper by Andrej Bernard Smolnikar titled Friedensbotschaft an alle Volker. It started in Philadelphia fifty years before the first issue of the Amerikanski Slovenec.
Prispevek obravnava časnikarsko dejavnost slovenskih misijonarjev in laičnih izseljencev v Ameriki od leta 1707 do 1913. Svoja poročila so večinoma objavljali v nemških, avstrijskih, ameriških in slovenskih glasilih. Prvo periodično glasilo slovenskega izseljenca v ZDA, čeprav v nemškem jeziku, pa je zasebno glasilo Andreja Bernarda Smolnikarja z naslovom Friedensbotschaft an alle Vdlker, ki je začelo izhajati v Philadelphiji kar petdeset let pred izidom prve številke Amerikanskega Slovenca.
Stanonik, Janez. Friderik Baraga: Ob dvestoletnici rojstva. Frederick Baraga: On the 200th anniversary of his birth. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
V prispevku je predstavljeno življenje in delo Friderika Barage (1797-1868), ki je prispel v ZDA leta 1831, da bi deloval kot katoliški misijonar med Ottawa in Očip-ve Indijanci v Gornjem Michiganu in Minnesoti. Njegovo slovensko književno delo je bilo omejeno na verske tekste, molitvenike ipd. Napisal je tudi celo vrsto knjig v očipvejščini in otavščini, ki pa po vsebini spominjajo na njegove slovenske knjige.
The study surveys the life and work of Frederick Baraga (1797-1868), who came to America in 1831 to work as a Catholic missionary among the Ojibway and Ottawa Indians in Upper Michigan and Minnesota, since 1859 as bishop of Sault Ste Marie and later of Marquette. His literary work in Slovene, which he pursued both before and after his departure for America, was limited exclusively to religious texts, prayer books and meditative edification. He wrote also a whole series of books in Ojibway and Ottawa languages which in their contents resemble books he had published in Slovene.
Stanonik, Janez. Slovenci v Združenih državah: Obdobje 1848-1891. Slovene emigration to the United States: The period 1848-1891. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
Avtor uvodoma poda statistično analizo slovenskega priseljevanja v ZDA v drugi polovici 19. stoletja. Sledi analiza socialnega položaja in politične opredeljenosti Slovencev v ZDA, kot se kaže v njihovih prvih bratskih organizacijah. Od sedemdesetih let 19. stoletja zasledimo tudi prve knjige za potrebe ameriških Slovencev, ki so / jih seznanjale z angleškim jezikom, ameriškimi ustanovami in ekonomskimi razmerami v tej deželi.
The study gives initially a statistical analysis of Slovene emigration to the United States in the second half of the 19 th century. The author gives an analysis of the social situation and political affiliations of Slovene immigrants as revealed by the Slovene fraternal organizations they began to form in the States. Since the 1870s we can also
register the first books published specially for the needs of Slovene emigrants in the United States, giving information about the English language, American institutions and economic conditions.
Stolarik, M. Mark. The Slovak press in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with particular emphasis on the Slovak-American press, 1885-1918. Slovaški tisk v poznem 19. in zgodnjem 20. stoletju s posebnim poudarkom na slovaško-ameriš-kem tisku 1885-1918. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
The founders of the Slovak press in the United States were Jan Slovensky and Julius Wolf, who in 1885 launched the Amerikanszko-Szlovenszke Noviny (American-Slovak News) weekly. Between 1885 and 1918 as many as 121 newspapers and reviews were launched, more than a half of them having lived less than one year. Of those established between 1885 and 1891, only three survived until 1918. The author outlines the development and orientation of these publications and compares them to the press in the homeland.
Ustanovitelja prvega slovaškega časopisa v ZDA sta bila Jan Slovensky in Julius Wolf, ki sta leta 1885 začela izdajati tednik z naslovom Amerikanszko-Szlovenszke Noviny (Ameriško-slovaške novice). Med leti 1885 in 1918 seje v ZDA pojavilo kar 121 slovaških časopisov in revij, vendar jih je polovica izhajala manj kot leto dni. Samo trije, ustanovljeni med leti 1885 in 1891, so preživeli do leta 1918. Avtor prikazuje razvoj in usmeritev teh časopisov in jih primerja s slovaškim tiskom v matični domovini.
Sulič, Nives. »Zmanjkali so čez noč«: O izseljevanju v ZDA iz Bele krajine. »They disappeared during the night«: Emigration from Bela Krajina to the United States. DD/TH, 6 (1995).
Ob Dolenjski in Prekmurju je Bela krajina tisti del Slovenije, iz katerega seje v obdobju do druge svetovne vojne izselilo v Združene države največ ljudi. Vzroki za to so bili tako gospodarsko in družbeno pogojeni kot tudi čisto osebni, belokranjski izseljenci pa so z denarno pomočjo, svojimi obiski doma in novim načinom razmišljanja vplivali tudi na življenje v domačih vaseh.
Besides Dolenjska and Prekmurje, Bela Krajina is that part of Slovenia from which the most people emigrated to the United States during the period up until the Second World War. This emigration was as much due to contemporary economic and social conditions as purely personal reasons for emigrating. With the financial assistance and visits home, as well as with their new ways of thinking, emigrants from Bela Krajina also had an influence on life in the native villages.
Susel, Rudolf M. Poslanstvo in vloga časopisa Ameriška domovina v zgodovini ameriških Slovencev, 1919-91. The mission and the role of the Ameriška Domovina weekly in the history of Slovenes in America, 1919-1991. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Ameriška domovina je izseljenski časopis v ZDA, kije bil svojčas čisto sloven-
ski dnevnik, danes pa izhaja kot tednik, v katerem je polovica strani angleških. Avtor, ki je hkrati sedanji urednik tega časopisa, predstavlja vlogo Ameriške domovine kot glasila katoliško usmerjenega dela ameriških Slovencev s posebnim poudarkom na času med in po drugi svetovni vojni. Obravnava tudi razmerje tega glasila do drugih sočasnih političnih in idejnih usmeritev med slovenskimi izseljenci v ZDA. S tem postavlja časopis v okvir sočasnega dogajanja v tamkajšnji slovenski skupnosti, končno pa opozori tudi na njegovo negotovo prihodnost.
The Ameriška Domovina, a Slovene immigrant newspaper in the United States was at first issued as a Slovene-language daily and today is published as a weekly with half of the pages in English. The author of the paper and the current editor of Ameriška Domovina depicts the role of the newspaper as a publication of Slovenes of Catholic orientation in the US, with special emphasis on the period during and after World War II. He examines the relationship between the newspaper and other contemporary political and ideological orientations among Slovene immigrants in the United States within the frameworks of contemporary developments in the Slovene community. He also draws attention to the uncertain future of the weekly.
Suša, Barbara. Bronasti tolkač in V kljunu golobice Berta Pribca. Bronasti tolkač and V kljunu golobice by Bert Pribac. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Prispevek je vzet iz magistrske naloge z naslovom Književnost Slovencev v Avstraliji. Bert Pribac je literarni ustvarjalec, ki je leta 1962 z izdajo svojega prvenca -ta je obenem tudi prva slovenska knjiga, tiskana v Avstraliji - presekal do takrat zgolj priložnostno literarno ustvarjanje slovenskih izseljencev v Avstraliji. V matični domovini so njegove revialne objave in obe zbirki vzbudile premajhno pozornost, zato avtorica tega članka skuša zapolniti to vrzel.
The paper is taken from the master’s thesis titled Književnost Slovencev v Avstraliji (The Literature of Slovenes in Australia). Bert Pribac is the first literary author to end the sporadic quality characteristic of the literary creativity of Slovene immigrants in Australia until the publication of his first book in 1962 - an event which also marked the printing of the first Slovene book in Australia. In the homeland, his publications in magazines and anthologies have drawn too little attention. Therefore, the author of this text tends to fill in this gap.
Šabec, Nada. Sociolinguistic studies of Slovene immigration issues. Sociolingvi-stične raziskave slovenskega izseljenstva. DD/TH, 4 (1993).
The author presents the achievements of research into Slovene emigration in the field of sociolinguistics and points to the directions of future development. The point of contact between sociolinguistics and emigration is the study of bilingualism and multilingualism, in this case the linguistic tie between Slovene and the dominant language of the country of immigration. In addition to a critical evaluation of research to date (e.g. R. L. Lenček, F. J. Kess, J. Paternost and others) the author also speaks of her own work in some detail.
Avtorica predstavi dosedanje dosežke v raziskovanju slovenskega izseljenstva na področju sociolingvistike in nakaže smeri prihodnjega razvoja. Stična točka med sociolingvistiko in izseljenstvom je preučevanje dvojezičnosti oz. večjezičnosti, v našem primeru stika med slovenščino in dominantnim jezikom države priselitve. Poleg kritičnega ovrednotenja dosedanjih raziskav (npr. R. L. Lenčka, F. J. Kessa, J. Paternosta in drugih) avtorica podrobneje spregovori o svojem delu.
Šmitek, Zmago. Janez Krstnik Mesar - portret tonkinškega misijonarja iz 18. stoletja. Janez Krstnik Mesar: Portrait of the Tonkin missionary from the 18th century. DD/TH, 5 (1994).
O goriškem jezuitskem misijonarju Janezu Krstniku Mesarju (Giovanni Battista Messari), kije v prvi četrtini 18. stoletja deloval na Kitajskem in v Vietnamu (Kočin-čina, Tonkin), obstaja več zapisov v slovenskem in italijanskem jeziku. Snov je pred petdesetimi leti doživela celo literarno obdelavo v povesti slovenskega pisatelja Joža Lavrenčiča. Avtor v tej razpravi poleg literature uporablja tudi vire iz jezuitskega arhiva v Rimu, ki dopolnjujejo podobo o življenju, delu in smrti tega znamenitega mučenika. Opozarja na nekatere netočnosti, ki se ponavljajo v biografski literaturi o Mesarju. Podrobneje obdela vprašanji o Mesarjevem odnosu do kulture in religije in o odmevih na njegovo smrt v lokalnem in evropskem okolju.
The activities of J. K. Mesar in China and Vietnam represent a significant episode in the history of the Slovenes’ contacts with foreign cultures. As a Jesuit missionary in the first half of the 18th century, Mesar was involved in the disputes over the adaptation methods and the Portugese patronage in China. He ended his life as a victim of the struggle between European pro-zealotry and Asian traditionalism. His biography which was reconstructed mainly on the basis of archive sourcses vacillates between his professional life story and the legend of him as a saint.
Švent, Rozina. Tiski slovenskih beguncev v taboriščih v Avstriji in Italiji. Slovene refugee press in camps in Austria and Italy. DD/TH, 2—3 (1992).
Prispevek prikazuje publicistično dejavnost slovenskih beguncev v taboriščih v Avstriji in Italiji v letih 1945-48. Predstavljene so posamezne publikacije in njihova vsebina. Avtorica daje večji poudarek periodičnim publikacijam, ker bolj neposredno izražajo doživljanje »begunske usode« in politično razpoloženje beguncev. Študija je nastala na osnovi gradiva, ki ga hrani Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica v Ljubljani.
The paper reviews the publicist activity of Slovene refugees in the camps in Austria and Italy in the 1945-48 period. The author presents individual publications and their contents, with stronger emphasis on periodicals which she believes more vividly portray the political disposition of the refugees and the way they experienced their fate. The study draws on the material kept in the National and University Library in Ljubljana.
Svent, Rozina. Begunski usodi naproti. A refugee’s fate. DD/TH, 6 (1995).
Konec druge svetovne vojne v Sloveniji je za del Slovencev, ki so že med vojno nasprotovali komunistični revoluciji, neizogibno pomenil odhod v begunstvo. Večina jih je bilo prepričanih v začasnost tega bivanja-ko bi se doma razmere uredile, so se nameravali vrniti v domovino. Ker se pričakovanja niso uresničila, se jih je večina odločila za preselitev v prekomorske države, del pa jih je ostal v zamejstvu.
The end of the Second World War in Slovenia meant an unavoidable necessity to flee as refugees, for that part of the population which had already opposed the communist revolution during the war. The majority of the refugees were convinced of the temporary nature of their stay abroad: when conditions at home had settled, they would have returned to their homeland. Since this expectation proved false, the majority of them decided to emigrate oversees, while some of them remained in Austria or Italy.
Svent, Rozina. Pomen osebnih pisem (korespondence) in dnevnikov pri predstavitvi celostne podobe umetnikov. The significance of personal letters (correspondence) and diaries in a comprehensive presentation of an artist. DD/TH, 9 (1998).
Avtorica v prispevku razkriva nekaj drobcev iz življenja in dela Louisa Adamiča. V glavnem gre za avtorje, ki jih je Adamič osebno spoznal ob svojih dveh obiskih (1932-33, 1949) v Sloveniji, npr. Ivan Hribar in Edvard Kocbek. Bolj zanimivi so Adamičevi pisni stiki z »razboritim« republikancem dr. Antonom Novačanom, saj mu v pismu »priznava«, da se ima tudi sam za republikanca. Toda Adamičevi pogledi na kakršnekoli družbene spremembe so nekaj povsem drugega; kot »demokratičen Američan« se zavzema za nenasilno, ustavno spremembo sistema. Svoj delček »spomina« na svojega nekdanjega učenca s takratne II. realne gimnazije dodaja tudi njegov razrednik dr. Alojzij Wester, kije kot kronist polnih 60 let beležil v svoj dnevnik vse pomembnejše dogodke iz svoje okolice.
The author reveals a few fragments of Louis Adamic’s life and work and his contacts with some of his contemporaries, in most cases authors whom Adamic met during his two visits in Slovenia (1932-33 and 1949), e.g. Ivan Hribar and Edvard Kocbek. More interesting is Adamic’s correspondence with Dr Anton Novačan, a hot-tempered Republican to whom, in one of his letters, Adamic »admitted« that he also considered himself a Republican - although as a »democratic American« he spoke for a non-violent, constitutional change of the system. It is also evident from his letters that his visits to Slovenia, especially the first one, had a far-reaching impact on him and created a new, closer tie between him and his native land, from which he had already felt to a certain degree alienated.
Valenčič, Vlado. Izseljevanje Slovencev v tujino do druge svetovne vojne. Emigration of Slovenes to foreign countries up to World War II. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Na podlagi objavljenih statističnih podatkov avtor obravnava izseljevanje Slovencev v 19. stoletju in v obdobju do začetka druge svetovne vojne. Poglavje o izse-
ljevanju Slovencev zunaj državnih meja je le del neobjavljene avtorjeve študije o migracijskih gibanjih na Slovenskem v 19. in 20. stoletju.
Using published statistical data the author deals with the emigration of Slovenes during the 19th century and during the period up to the beginning of World War I. This chapter on the emigration of Slovenes outside the state boarders is only a part of a not yet published author’s study on migration in Slovene territory during the 19th and 20th centuries.
Vovko, Andrej. Udje Družbe sv. Mohorja v ZDA do leta 1900. Membership in Družba sv. Mohorja (the Society of St. Hermagoras) in the United States to the year 1900. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Družba sv. Mohorja je odigrala pomembno vlogo med slovenskimi izseljenci, zlasti kot njihova kulturna in jezikovna vez z matično domovino. Njeni udje med slovenskimi izseljenci so tudi eno od meril slovenske prisotnosti v novi domovini. V prispevku je številčno in krajevno prikazana razširjenost Družbe sv. Mohorja med slovenskimi izseljenci v ZDA do leta 1900, in sicer tako, daje vključena v prikaz njihove naselitve v tej državi, ki gaje v Koledarju Družbe sv. Mohorja za leto 1894 objavil Franc Šušteršič, župnik na fari Sv. Jožefa v Jolietu. Njegov prispevek z naslovom Slovenci v Ameriki je tudi na kratko predstavljen kot celota.
Družba sv. Mohorja (the Society of St. Hermagoras) has played an important role among Slovene emigrants, particularly as a cultural and language link with the homeland. The Slovene emigrants’ membership is also a measure of Slovene presence in the new homeland. The paper shows, in number and place, the expansion of membership in Družba sv. Mohorja among Slovene emigrants to the USA up to the year 1900. The article Slovenes in America, reviewing the Slovene settlement in America, which was published in 1894 in the Koledar Družbe sv. Mohorja (Calendar of the Society of St. Hermagoras) by the priest Franc Šušteršič from the St. Joseph Parish in Joliet, is also briefly presented.
Vovko, Andrej. Slovenski begunci v Avstriji v luči časopisa Domači glasovi. Slovene refugees in Austria considered through the newspaper Domači glasovi. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
Tisk slovenskih političnih beguncev, ki so se po koncu druge svetovne vojne znašli v taboriščih v Avstriji in Italiji, je glede na razmere, v katerih so živeli, nenavadno bogat in raznolik. Avtor po krajšem pregledu njihovega periodičnega tiska, predvsem dnevnikov, predstavi časopis Domači glasovi, ki je izhajal v taborišču Peg-gez pri Lienzu. Na kratko prikaže njegovo zgodovino in vsebino s posebnim poudarkom na izražanju njegovih stališč do zunanjepolitičnih razmer, razmerja do matične države in prikazovanja razmer v taboriščih.
The publications of Slovene political refugees sheltered in the Austrian and Italian refugee camps after World War II are exceptionally rich and varied considering the conditions in which they were prepared and published. Following a brief over-
view of their periodicals, mainly dailies, the author presents in more detail the newspaper Domači glasovi published in the Peggez refugee camp near Lienz. The paper briefly outlines its history and contents and dwells on the newspaper’s opinion on international political events, relations with Slovenia and life in refugee camps.
Walaszek, Adam. Polish workers in the USA (1880-1925): Peasants - Poles -ethnics. Poljski delavci v ZDA (1880-1925): Kmetje, Poljaki, etničnost. DD/TH, 8
(1997).
The paper discusses the active response of Polish immigrants to the social and political realities of industrial America. It considers cases where ethnicity coincided with class. It explores how Polish immigrants used elements of national or folk culture in their struggle to advance their social position. It demonstrates that the use of such elements of ethnic culture enabled the Polish immigrant working class to appeal the wider ethnic community, including the ethnic middle class, for support during strikes and other forms of protest.
Prispevek obravnava aktivno reakcijo priseljencev iz Poljske na socialne in politične razmere industrijske Amerike. Upošteva primere, kjer narodnost sovpada z družbenim razredom. Posebna pozornost je posvečena vprašanju, kako so priseljenci iz Poljske uporabljali prvine narodne oziroma ljudske kulture v svojem boju za izboljšanje socialnega položaja. Rezultat raziskave dokazuje, da je prav uporaba teh prvin omogočila poljskemu priseljenskemu delavskemu razredu, daje pritegnil širšo etnično skupnost, vključno s srednjim razredom poljskih priseljencev, k podpori njihovih stavk in drugih oblik socialnega protesta.
Zalokar, Jurij. Immigration and psychiatry: Yugoslav-born minority in Victoria. Imigracija in psihiatrija: Jugoslovanski priseljenci v Viktoriji. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
His work in a special ethnic psychiatric service for Yugoslav immigrants in Victoria (Australia) enabled the author to produce this study on the mental consequences of emigration. The paper lists general data on Yugoslav emigrants to Australia, the fundamental characteristics of the new environment, the extent of psychiatric and social-psychiatric pathology and abnormalities among them. Also, a description of the general impairment among them is given. The author presents a critical evaluation of the official Australian statistical data on the large percentage of schizophrenia, alchoholism and suicide cases among them. Based on personal observations, he ascertains that the data on the large number of schizophrenia cases are mistaken, as that diagnosis was confirmed only in a quarter of cases. He also finds out that the usual neurotic reactions among the emigrants had a more expressed form and a very unfavorable course and that various psychic troubles are widespread among them, especially because of the language problem, a change of habits and other similar reasons.
Studijo o duševnih posledicah imigracije je avtorju omogočilo delo v posebni etnični psihiatrični službi za jugoslovanske priseljence v Viktoriji v Avstraliji. V članku so zajeti splošni podatki o jugoslovanskih priseljencih v Avstraliji, bistvene značil-
nosti novega okolja, razširjenost psihiatrične in socialnopsihiatrične patologije ter abnormalnosti med njimi ter opis splošne prizadetosti med njimi. Avtor kritično ovrednoti uradne avstralske statistične podatke o velikem odstotku shizofrenije, alkoholizma in samomorov med njimi. Na podlagi lastnih opazovanj ugotavlja, da so podatki o velikem številu shizofrenije zgrešeni, saj jih je bilo mogoče potrditi le v četrtini primerov. Ugotavlja tudi, da so imele sicer običajne nevrotične reakcije med izseljenci izrazitejšo obliko in izredno neugoden potek ter da so med njimi, posebno zaradi jezikovnih težav, spreminjanja navad in podobnega, zelo razširjene vsakovrstne psihične težave.
Zalokar, Jurij. Language barrier - immigrants and cultural change. Jezikovna pregrada - imigranti in kulturni preobrat. DD/TH, 8 (1997).
The paper presents a survey of salient psychological and psychopathological consequences resulting from language barrier and linguistic as well as cultural change. Regressive sequels, disturbances of higher cerebral activity and other abnormal behaviors are examined in relation to stress caused by immigration and the new language environment. The importance of the native language is stressed. In addition, the added pressure to assimilate imposed by monolingual (usually English-speaking) cultures is discussed.
Prispevek ponuja pregled najočitnejših psiholoških in psihopatoloških posledic jezikovne pregrade in jezikovnega kakor tudi kulturnega preobrata. Avtor obravnava proces nazadovanja, motenj na višjih stopnjah možganskega delovanja in drugih nenormalnih vedenjskih oblik v povezavi s stresom, ki ga povzročata imigracija in novo jezikovno okolje. Pri tem poudarja odločilni pomen materinščine. Poleg tega spregovori tudi o dodatnem asimilacijskem pritisku, ki ga izvajajo nad priseljenci enojezične (največkrat angleško govoreče) kulture.
Zalokar, Jurij. Ivan Kos: Slovenec v carski Rusiji. Ivan Kos: A Slovene in the Tzarist Russia. DD/TH, 8 (1997).
Študija je prikaz življenja, dela in pogledov Ivana Kosa (1846-1907), slovenskega izseljenca v Rusiji v času zadnjih desetletij carske oblasti. Osnova zanjo so pisma, ki jih je pisal sestrama v Ljubljano, Mariji Bleiweis in Ani Zarnik, ter podatki v literaturi in nekaj spominov njegove hčerke Ane. Poudarjen je predvsem Kosov pomen za stike med Slovenijo in Rusijo pa tudi njegov prispevek k razcvetu ruskega šaha.
The presentation of Ivan Kos (1846-1907), a Slovene emigrant businessman and a man of many talents (music, painting, chess...) who spent most of his life in Russia, is based on his family correspondence and several published sources. It also includes some personal memories of his daughter Ana (married Zalokar). Most interesting are his views on the pre-revolutionary scenery and the last decades of the tzarist Russia.
Zalokar, Jurij. Nostalgija in opus Johanna Christopha Biernatzkega. Nostalgia and literary opus of John Christoph Biernatzki. DD/TH, 9 (1998).
Pisec razpravlja o negativnih in pozitivnih reakcijah na nostalgijo. Ustvarjalni
vidik ponazarja z literarnim opusom in religiozno mislijo J. C. Biernatzkega (1795— 1840), nemškega pesnika, pisatelja in pastorja poljskega porekla. Kot emigrant tretje generacije je še vedno globoko občutil nostalgijo po Poljski, domovini svojega starega očeta. Vendar je uspel, da je prodrl globlje v svojo bolečino in našel rešitev v realizaciji združujočega bistva življenja.
The writer discusses negative and positive reactions to nostalgia. He illustrates the creative view with the literary work and religious thought of J. C. Biernatzky (1795-1840), a German poet, writer and pastor of Polish descent. As a third-generation immigrant he still felt a deep nostalgia for Poland, the homeland of his grandfather. He managed, however, to reach deep into his pain and find salvation in the realization of the unifying essence of life.
Žigon, Zvone. Funkcionalni bilingvizem in Slovenci v Argentini in Urugvaju.
Functional bilingualism among Slovene emigrants in Argentina and Uruguay. DD/ TH, 7(1996).
Slovenska politična emigracija v Argentini predstavlja posebnost pri obravnavanju procesov akulturacije predvsem zaradi njene organiziranosti, strnjenosti, intelektualne sposobnosti ter čustveno-ideološke in religiozne motiviranosti za (narodnostni) obstanek. Potomci, rojeni v Argentini, se sprva srečujejo samo s primarno slovensko socializacijo, kasneje pa s sekundarno »dvojno« socializacijo (s strani slovenskih staršev in širšega argentinskega okolja). S povečevanjem števila mešanih zakonov in z »generacijsko« oddaljenostjo od časa prvotne priselitve ter fizično oddaljenostjo od oprijemljivega slovenskega družbenega okolja pa se pomen jezika kot dejavnika narodnostne in v nekem smislu celo politične identitete manjša.
Slovene emigration to Argentina represents a unique peculiarity in dealing with processes of acculturalization, especially with regard to the organization, solidarity and intellectual ability of the emigrants, and the emotional, ideological and religious motivations for their survival as a people. Their offspring, born in Argentina, receive their primary socialization only in Slovene, and are later exposed to secondary, »double« socialization (both from their Slovene parents and the wider Argentinian environment). However, with the increase in the number of mixed marriages and with the »generational« distance from the time of the first settlement and the physical distance from the true Slovene social environment, the concept of language as a proof of one’s nationality and in some sense even of one’s political identity is diminishing.
Žigon, Zvone. Slovenstvo v Venezueli. Slovene identity in Venezuela. DD/TH, 10 (1999).
V obdobju 1947-60 seje priselilo v Venezuelo od 550-650 Slovencev, ki so se kljub kulturnemu in klimatskemu šoku uspešno integrirali v imigrantsko okolje. Po zaslugi slovenskega duhovnika Janeza Grilca so imeli že leta 1958 redne slovenske maše, leta 1966 pa so ustanovili svoje društvo. Po nedavni Grilčevi smrti je ta slovenska skupnost pred prelomnico: ali bo - ob pomoči Slovenije - tudi brez dosedanjega
organizatorja lahko ohranila društvo in slovensko identiteto v izseljenstvu ali pa bo nepovezanost botrovala njihovi pospešeni asimilaciji.
In the period 1947-60 between 550 and 600 Slovenes immigrated to Venezuela and despite the culture shock and ‘climate shock’ successfully integrated themselves into the new environment. Thanks to the work of the Slovene priest Janez Grilc, they had regular Slovene masses by as early as 1958, and in 1966 they founded their own society. Following Grilc’s recent death this Slovene community is facing a turning point: either it will be able, with Slovenia’s help, to preserve its society and its Slovene identity even without its former organizer, or lack of interconnection will lead to its accelerated assimilation.
Žitnik, Janja. Zamuda slovenske objave Orla in korenin. The delay in Slovene publication of The Eagle and the Roots. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
Prispevek osvetljuje vzroke za osemnajstletno zamudo slovenske objave Orla in korenin, zadnje knjige slovenskoameriškega pisatelja Louisa Adamiča. Ideološka in druga razhajanja med pisateljem ter jugoslovanskimi političnimi in kulturnimi predstavniki v času, ko je Adamič pisal svoj zadnji rokopis, so predstavljena na osnovi neobjavljenih delov tega rokopisa, njegove tedanje korespondence ter intervjujev, ki jih je imela avtorica prispevka z nekaterimi Adamičevimi sodobniki.
The paper throws light upon the causes for an eighteen years’ delay in publication of the Slovene edition of The Eagle and the Roots, the last book by the Slovene-American author Louis Adamic. The dissentions and ideological differences between the writer and the Yugoslav political and cultural representatives at the time when Adamic was writing his last manuscript, are presented on the basis of the unpublished parts of that manuscript, his correspondence, and the interviews which the author of the paper had with several Adamic’s contemporaries.
Žitnik, Janja. Slovenskoargentinski pesnik Vinko Žitnik. Vinko Žitnik, a Slove-ne-Argentinian poet. DD/TH, 1 (1990).
V prispevku je podan kratek življenjepis in razvoj pesniške poti Vinka Žitnika, izredno plodovitega pesnika iz Grosupljega, ki seje po drugi svetovni vojni izselil v Argentino. Vsebinska in oblikovna analiza Žitnikovega literarnega dela sloni na številnih pesnikovih objavah v predvojnih domačih listih in literarnih revijah ter v povojnih slovenskih izseljenskih publikacijah. Pregled je dopolnjen s podatki iz intervjuja, ki gaje imela avtorica prispevka s pesnikovim nečakom Brankom Žitnikom, s podatki iz dveh kratkih člankov o pesniku ter iz literarnokritičnih ocen, ki so se pojavile v tisku ob izidu Žitnikove edine objavljene pesniške zbirke iz leta 1937.
The paper gives a short biography and an account of the literary development of Vinko Žitnik, an extremely prolific poet from Grosuplje who emigrated to Argentina after World War II. An analysis of content and form in Žitnik’s literary work is based on his numerous publications in pre-war homeland papers and literary magazines as well as in post-war Slovene emigrant publications. The survey of his career is com-
pleted with the data from an interview by the author of this paper with the poet’s nephew, Branko Žitnik, data from two short articles on the poet, and literary critiques which were published after the appearance of Žitnik’s only published collection of verse in 1937.
Žitnik, Janja. Louis Adamic’s periodicals. Publicistična dejavnost Louisa Adamiča. DD/TH, 2-3 (1992).
As a founder and editor of periodicals Louis Adamic was better known in the United States than in his native land. The paper discusses his editorial work and the themes of his articles, published in the papers and magazines which he edited or even founded: Common Ground, In Re: Two-Way Passage, War and Post-War, The Bulletin of the United Committee of South-Slavic Americans and Today and Tomorrow, later T & 77 Trends & Tides.
Novinarsko in uredniško delo Louisa Adamiča je bilo (in je še vedno) mnogo manj poznano med Slovenci v domovini kot pa med Adamičevimi ameriškimi bralci. Prispevek obravnava Adamičevo uredniško vlogo in tematiko njegovih prispevkov v listih in revijah, ki jih je urejal ali celo izdajal v samozaložbi: Common Ground, In Re: Two-Way Passage, War and Post-War, The Bulletin of the United Committee of South-Slavic Americans in Today and Tomorrow oziroma T & T: Trends & Tides.
Žitnik, Janja. Literarnozgodovinske raziskave slovenske izseljenske književnosti. Literary-historical studies of Slovene emigrant literature. DD/TH, 4 (1993).
Prispevek predstavlja kolikor mogoče zgoščen pregled pomembnejših doslej objavljenih literarnozgodovinskih raziskav slovenske izseljenske književnosti, zlasti tistih, ki so izšle v Sloveniji, deloma pa vključuje tudi tovrstne znanstvene in strokovne objave v slovenskem zamejstvu in na tujem.
The paper presents a condensed survey of literary-historical studies published on Slovene emigrant literature. The article mainly covers those studies which were published in Slovenia, and partly those which were published abroad.
Žitnik, Janja. Lev Detela: Upornik med literati. Lev Detela: A rebel among men of letters. DD/TH, 5 (1994).
Na osnovi 26 doslej objavljenih knjig slovenskoavstrijskega pisatelja Leva Detele, njegovih literarnozgodovinskih in literarnokritičnih esejev ter ocen njegovih del v domovini, zamejstvu, emigraciji in nemško govorečih deželah podaja avtorica — po uvodnih življenjepisnih podatkih - pregled pisateljevega sodelovanja pri revijah in časopisih (vključno z njegovo uredniško dejavnostjo), svoje misli o njegovem leposlovnem delu ter nekaj osnovnih podatkov o pisateljevih konfliktih s slovenskimi literarnimi krogi v domovini, zamejstvu in emigraciji.
On the basis of the 26 books by Lev Detela, a Slovene writer living in Austria, his essays in literary history and literary criticism, and some Slovene as well as foreign reviews of his works, the author presents - after introducing basic biographical
data - a survey of the writer’s cooperation with various journals and newspapers (including his editorial activity), her opinion of Detela’s fiction and basic information about Detela’s conflict with Slovene literary circles at home and abroad.
Žitnik, Janja. Mladostna bojevitost Milene Merlak: Ob pesničini šestdesetletnici. The young fighting spirit of Milena Merlak: Upon the poet’s sixtieth birthday. DD/ TH, 6 (1995).
Avtorica podaja pregled in lastno oceno dosedanjega dela slovenskoavstrijske pesnice Milene Merlak in mu poskuša najti ustrezno mesto v sodobni slovenski liriki. Članek je napisan na osnovi šestih doslej objavljenih pesničinih zbirk ter ocen njenih del, ki so izšle v slovenskem zamejskem in izseljenskem tisku,
The author offers an overview and her own evaluation of the literary works created by the Slovene-Austrian poet Milena Merlak, and seeks to accord them a proper place in contemporary Slovene lyric verse. The article was written on the basis of Merlak’s six published collections of poems and their reviews, published by Slovene press abroad.
Žitnik, Janja. Vojeslav Mole: ob stodeseti obletnici rojstva. Vojeslav Mole: On the 110th anniversary of his birth. DD/TH, 7 (1996).
Članek izhaja iz objavljenih leposlovnih del slovenskega izseljenskega pesnika, pisatelja in uglednega umetnostnega zgodovinarja Vojeslava Moleta ter različnih objav o njegovem delu. Avtorica tako podaja zgoščen pregled Moletovega življenja in dela. Ker je njegovo znanstveno delo mnogo bolj znano od literarnega ustvarjanja, je slednjemu v prispevku posvečeno več pozornosti kot prvemu.
The article is based on the published literary works by the Slovene emigrant poet, writer and renowned art historian Vojeslav Mole, as well as various publications on his work. Thus the author provides a short overview of Mole’s life and work. His scientific works being better known than his literary opus, this article focuses more on the later.
Žitnik, Janja. Louis Adamic, a Slovene, an American, an observer, a fighter, a ‘poet’. Louis Adamič, Slovenec, Američan, opazovalec, borec, ‘poet’. DD/TH, 9
(1998).
In the paper, the author tries to present Louis Adamic’s many-sided personality, regarding not only his relation to the prevailing value systems of his two homelands but also his relation to the major three roles in which he appeared: as a sensitive observer of the society and the individual, a public fighter for a better society, and a subtle conveyor of human feelings, predicaments and expectations.
Avtorica skuša v prispevku predstaviti Adamičevo mnogostransko osebnost, ki se odraža ne le v njegovem odnosu do vrednot svojih dveh domovin, temveč tudi v njegovem odnosu do osrednjih treh življenjskih vlog, v katerih se pojavlja: kot tenkočuten opazovalec družbe in posameznika, kot javni borec za humane družbene spremembe in kot pretanjen izpovedovalec najglobljih človeških občutkov.