06 OJHOM B03M0%H0M BOCTOMHOC.iaBHHCKOM "npoTopHTya^e" (Ha MaTepna^e 3arOBOpHOii
Tpa^HUHH)
Cepeeu remadueem W^undun
On the basis of East Slavic invocations the author reconstructs Slavic mythology.
BocTOHHOCTaBAHCKHe 3aroBopbi b CHay CBoero ray60K0 apxamHoro npoHcxoxaeHHa h mnpoTH coaepxa^eftca b hhx HH^opManHH 3aHHMaroT oaHo h3 neHTpaabHbix MecT b BoCToHHoCnaBaHCKoft ^oabKaopHoft MoaeaH MHpa. no CBoeft 3HaHHMoCTH aaa peKoHCTpyKnHH BocToHHocaaBaHCKoft h o6^ecaaBaHCKoft MH^oaormecKoft CHCTeMH 3aroBopH MoryT 6biTb conocTaBneHH c TaKHMH npHHnHnHaabHHMH aaa 3thx TpaaHnHft xaHpaMH, KaK anrnecKoe npeaaHHe, 6biaHHa h Boame6Haa CKa3Ka. PaHee yxe oTMenaaocb, hto BocTOHHocnaBflHCKaa 3aroBopHaa TpaaHnna - KaK h caaBaHCKHft ^oabKaop b neaoM - 6aH3Ka TpaaHnHH HHaoeBponeftcKoft (KoHKpeTHo aaa 3aroBopoB cm., HanpHMep: [EaH3apeHKoBa, TonopoB 1987], [TonopoB 1969, 1993]); npH 3tom BocToHHocaaBaHCKHe 3aroBopH o6HapyxHBaroT aBHbie CTpyKTypHHe, ceMaHTHHecKHe h aeKCHHecKHe napaaaeaH c neaHM paaoM BeaHftcKHx 3aKaHHaHHft. 9to o6cToaTeabCTBo no3BoaaeT npeanoaoxHTb Bo3MoxHocTb nocaeaoBaTeabHoft ceMaHTHHecKoft peKoHCTpyKnHH: cHanaaa - BoccTaHoBHB coaepxaTeabHyro CTpyKTypy BocToHHocaaBaHCKHx 3aroBopoB nocpeacTBoM conocTaBaeHHa hx c BeaHftcKoft TpaaHnHeft h cooTBeTCTByro^HMH KoMnoHeHTaMH HHaoeBponeftcKoft nepcneKTHBH, a 3aTeM - BoccTaHoBHB Ha 3Toft ocHoBe yTpaneHHbie 3BeHba BocTonHocaaBaHCKoft MH^oaorHnecKoft CHCTeMH. BTopoft 3Tan peKoHCTpyKnHH b nepByro onepeab KacaeTca mh^ob TBopeHHa, oTcyTCTByro^Hx b caaBaHCKoft TpaaHnHH: HMeHHo 3aroBopH, o6aaaaro^He Ha6opoM THnoaoranecKHx npH3HaKoB KocMoroHHHecKHx onHcaHHft, b HcxoaHoft HaH nepeocMHcaeHHoft ^opMe coxpaHaroT HH^opManHro o nponecce coTBopeHHa MHpa (KoHKpeTHo aaa pyccKoft TpaaHnHH o6 3tom cm.: [fflHHaHH 1989]).
Oco6oro BHHMaHHa 3acayxHBaeT o6HapyxHBaro^aaca b BocronHocaaBaHCKHx 3aroBopax CHCTeMa ceMaHTHHecKHx napaaaeaeft c HHaoeBponeftcKHM pHTyaaoM "nepBoneaoBeKa", CHMBoaH3HpoBaBmHM TBopeHHe HaH peKpeanHro KocMoca h peryaapHo BocnpoH3BoaHBmHMca b raaBHHx pHTyaaax roaoBoro nHKaa (cm., HanpHMep: [TonopoB 1979; 1983: 242-245 ca.; 1988]). BaxHeftmHM hctohhhkom aaa peKoHCTpyKnHH CMHcaoBoft h MoTHBanHoHHoft cooTHeceHHocTH BocToHHocaaBaHCKoro 3aroBopHoro yHHBepcyMa c HHaoeBponeftcKoft pmyaabHo-MH^oaorHHecKoft TpaaHnHeft aBaaeTca mothb (p a c) c e h eh h a, KoTopbft, npH Bcex npeTepneBaeMHx hm b xpoHoaorHHecKoft nepcneKTHBe ceMaHTHHecKHx TpaHc^opManHax, ocTaeTca HaH6oaee aocToBepHHM MaTepHaaoM aaa aHaaH3a ray6HHHHx ochob 3aroBopHoft TpaaHnHH h MoxeT paccMaTpHBaTbca KaK oaHa H3 KoHKpeTHHx peaaH3anHft CHTyanHH pa3teaHHeHHa xepTBeHHoro Teaa, npeanoaa-
O6 oähom BO3MOXHOM BocTOHHocaaBaHcKOM "npoTopHTyaae" (Ha MarepHaae aaroBopHOH TpaaHUHH)
raeMOH aaa cxpyKxypHO-ceMaHXHHecKoro HHBapHaHxa HHaoeBponeöcKoro pHxyaaa "nepBoneaoBeKa" (cp.: [mHHjHH 1993; 1996]).
B noaHoH ^opMe moxhb (pac)ceneHHa npeanoaaraex HaaHHHe npHHHHbi, oöteKxa, cyöteKxa h axpHÖyxa cooxBexcxByro^Hx aeöcxBHH; npH axoM Bce ohh HcKaroHHxeabHO mHpoKO BapbHpyroxca, hxo MOxex cayxHXb KocBeHHHM yKa3aHHeM ecaH He Ha hcxo^hmh xapaKxep caMoro MOXHBa, to Ha ero npaMyro reHexHHecKyro 3aBHcHMocxb ox HeKoero coaepxaxeabHoro aapa, b toh HaH hhoh cxeneHH ynacxByro^ero b ^opMHpoBaHHH h ^yHKqHOHHpoBaHHH BceH 3ar0B0pH0H xpaaHnHH h oöycaaBaHBaro^ero cxpyKxypHO-ceMaHTHHecKoe eaHHcxBO xex cMHcaoBHx cxeM, Koxopbie penpe3eHXHpyrox KOHKpexHHe peaaH3anHH axoro MOXHBa. MoMeHx (pac-/ox-)ceneHHa HepeaKO B03HHKaex b npaMOH cBa3H c onpeaeaeHHHMH oöpaaoBbiMH aeöcxBHaMH, HanpaBaeHHHMH, KaK h caM 3ar0B0pHbrä xeKcx, Ha aocxHxeHHe "MeaHnHHcKO-aHaxoMHHecKoro" pe3yabxaxa; cm. xHnHHHyro cHxyanHro: 3Haxapb oôeodum Mecmo, zde ôomhoû nyecmeyem Koiombë, ôpycKoM u Kpecmum smo Mecmo cmoioeuM homom, zoeopa u Kpecmacb mpurndbi: CeKy, omceKaw, pyôiw, nepepyôaw, ceKy, pyôiw Koiombë ocmpbiM homukom. KaK ôpycoK ucnesaem om yKiady, om ôyiamy, om weiesa, maK ucnesHu u uscoxhu, poduMoe Koiombe, e ôeioû Kocmu, e nëpmM Mace, e ôeioM meibue [BP3 88]. 3HaHHM0cxb penpe3eHXHpyeMHx axHM moxhbom KOHKpexHHx pHTyaabHbix aeöcxBHH noaxBepxaaexca h npH oöpa^eHHH k MeaHUHHcKOH cocxaBaaro^eö oöpaaoBoH npaKXHKH - BaxHeömHM hcxohhhkom b aaHHOM caynae MOxex cxaxb oöpaa h 3 a e h e h h a y x h h a (6oae3HH cnHHbi) - cm. ero HaHÖoaee noaHbie onHcaHHa, 3a^HKcHp0BaHHbie b ApxaHreabcKOH ryöepHHH c HHxepBaaoM 6oaee HeM b cxo aex: «öoabHoH cnHHOH aoaxeH aeHb hhu Hepe3 nopor, h Koraa oh xaK aaxex, aeKapKa-cxapyxa Kaaaex Ha cnHHy ero aHcxoBaxHK-BeHHK h yaapaex no HeMy ocxpHeM xonopa. nocae Kaxaoro yaapa xonopoM no BeHHKy ÖoabHoH aoaxeH cnpamHBaxb: hxo cenemb? Ythh ceKy, OTBenaex aeKapKa. CeKH KpenHe, roBopHx ÖoabHoH. 9xo noBxopaexca ao xpex pa3» [E^HMeHKO 1877: 210], - h: Ymoôu cnuHa He ôoieia, "pyôam ymm". Eciu KoibHyio Ha yiuue, mo Hado jenb nepes nopoz c yrnuu Ha eepaHdy, a eciu e doMy, mo c Mocma e doM. Ha cnuHy Kiadym eeHuK u no HeMylezoHbKoydapawm monopoM. Tom, kozo "pyôam", cnpamueaem: - Yëpyôurnb? - Ymm. - Pyôu ezo zopasdo, nmoôu eeK He ôbio. - H mpu pasa Hado cKasamb [TPM 481]. BbicoKaa HacxoxHocxb aaHHoro oöpaaa h ero KOHcxaHXHoro aeKcHHecKoro c0np0B0xaeHHa (cp.: [ToacxoH 1993: 96-97]), KaK h BbicoKaa ^yHKnHOHaabHaa "3aKpbiT0cTb", He aonycKaro^aa Hcn0ab30BaHHa ero xohhhx cooxBexcxBHH b hhhx cHxyanHax, MOxex cayxHXb KocBeHHHM yKa3aHHeM Ha cBoeo6pa3Hbm axaaoHHbm xapaKxep axoro oöpaaa, aaro^HË ocHOBaHHa BHaexb b HeM npaMbie oxroaocKH npoxopHxyaabHbx h npoxo3aroBopHbix cxeM. 9xo noaxBepxaaexca h mHpoxoö pacnpocxpaHeHHa aaHHoro cnocoöa aeneHHa yxHHa - k npHBeaeHHbiM apxaHreabcKHM npHMepaM (cp.: [AaoHbeBa, OBHHHHHKOBa 1993: 98, 123]), cm. caynaH ^HKcanHH npaKXHHecKH noaHocxbro xoxaecxBeHHbix apyr apyry oöpaaoB h hx BepöaabHoro o^o-pMaeHHa b HoBropoacKoH ([CoKoaoBbi 1915: 529-530]), BoaoroacKoH ([MaHKOB 1869: 39]; [mycxHKOB 1902: 203]; [3eaeHHH 1914: 203]), Kocxpomckoh ([3eaeHHH 1915: 648]), Pa3aHcK0H ([3eaeHHH 1916: 1164]), CapaxoBcKoH ([Mhhx 1890: 55]), BopoHexcKoH ([CeaHBaHOB 1886: 96]), HpKyxcKOö ([BHHorpaaoB 1915: 396-397]) h EHHceöcKOö ([CaBeabeB 1990: 19]) ryöepHHax Pocchh, b BpaHcKOH h ToMeabcKoH ryöepHHax BeaopyccHH (cm.: [BHHorpaaoBa, Toacxaa 1993: 18]) h ap.
KpoMe caM0cx0axeabH0H 3HaHHM0cxH aaHHoro oöpaaa aaa peKOHcxpyKqHH ero öoaee apxaHHHoro yHHBepcaabHoro npoxoxHna, oöpa^eHHe k ero BapHaHxaM n03B0aaex
npocaeaHTb oö^He ^opMbi oöpaaoBoH TpaHc^opManHH b TpaaHUHH, BbiaBaaro^He raaBHbie cnocoÖH BHaoH3MeHeHHa pmyaabHbix aeöcTBHH h Bxoaa^Hx b hx cocTaB peneBHx ^opMya. C oaHoH ctopohh, OKa3HBaeTca bo3moxhhm pa3pymeHHe aeKcHHecKoro oöpaMaeHHa, BcaeacTBHe KOToporo HcKaxaeTca MOTHBanHOHHaa ocHOBa TeKcTa, - cp. onHcaHHe BeaHKopyccKoro oöpaaa, ceMaHTHHecKH öaH3Koro no cBoeH ^yHKUHOHaabHOH opHeHTHpoBaHHocTH npHBeaeHHHM cayHaaM: Kiadym 6omhozo Ha nopoz ü30u u jieseueM monopa mpozarnm 6oibHoe Mecmo. Bo epeMH jeneHüH 6omhoü cnpamueaem: «nmo cenëMb?» 3Haxapb omeenaem: - «dpoeoceKy». Eomhoü zoeopum: - «ceKu, ceKu, 6e3 o6miwku, nmo6bi He 6uao ompuwKu» [CeaHBaHOB 1886: 96]; cp.: [Mhhx 1890: 55]; [BHHorpaaoB 1915: 396-397]; [3eaeHHH 1916: 164] h ap. C apyroö ctopohh, npoHcxoaa-^He b nponecce öbTOBaHHa oöpaaa H3MeHeHHa MoryT 3aTparHBaTb aKnHOHaabHO-npeaMeTHoe OKpyxeHHe coBepmaeMHx aencTBHa - cm. caynaö 3aTymeBbiBaHHa onepanHH ceneHHa, "MeTOHHMHHecKH" npeacTaBaeHHOH b öeaopyccKOM oöpaae oöpa3OM menoK, cTpyxeK: npuiioMome e cnuHe 6oibHoMy Hado co6pamb e <...> cmapuüiianomb caMuxMaiux "mpecoK" u3-nod monopa, 3ameM jenb Ha nopoze xamu. Cmaprnan e ceMbe Kiadëm mozda janomb c mpecKaMu maK we Ha nopoze, zoeopn: «Ymm cnKy, ymuH cnKy, npuzoeapueaw: no KocmaM Hexodu, Kocmeü Hejiomu,pa6u 6oweü Hecyrnu» [PoMaHOB 1891: 80]. OaHOBpeMeHHO c 3THM, conocTaBaeHHe HHBapHaHTHOH ^opMbi oöpaaa ceneHHa yTHHa c HapoaHOH MeaHUHHcKOH TpaaHnHeö b neaoM no3BoaaeT oöHapyxHTb ^aKTbi, aaro^He ocHOBaHHa aaa npeanoaoxeHHa oö HcxoaHOM xapaKTepe caMoro oöpaaa h oTCToa^ero ot Hero bo BpeMeHHOH nepcneKTHBe pHTyaabHoro npeneaeHTa, Hcnoab3yeMHx b KaHecTBe cBoeoöpa3Horo sTaaoHa: cm. 3a^HKcHpoBaHHbrn b BoaoroacKOM Kpae oöpaa 3aceKaHHa "aeTynero orHa", nocTpoeHHbrä no TOMy xe cTpyKTypHO-ceMaHTHHecKOMy npHHnHny, hto h ceneHHe yTHHa, - c aHaaoroM aHna, coBepmaro^ero MarHHecKHe aeHcTBHa, h cTopoHHero HaöaroaaTeaa (npH tom, hto TaKoro poaa opraHH3anHa oöpaaa OaHOBpeMeHHO MoxeT OTCbiaaTb H K pHTyaabHHM BOnpOcHO-OTBeTHHM KOHcTpyKUHaM, H K rHnOTeTHHecKOMy pHTyaay nocBa^eHHa, nepeaaHH MarHHecKoro 3HaHHa, - TeM öoaee, hto MHorHe oöpaaH TaKoro Kaacca - KaK h aaHHbiH BapHaHT - coaepxaT onpeaeaeHHHe BO3pacTHHe orpaHHHeHHa, pacnpocTpaHaro^Heca Ha HcnoaHHTeaen h ynacTHHKOB-HaöaroaaTeaeö: KaK npaBHao, 3to aoaxHH öHTb caMHe MaaamHe h I HaH cTapmHe HaeHH ceMbH): OduH dpyzozo doiweH cnpocumb: «nmo npucemernb?» Omeem: «jemynuü ozoHb 3aceKaw»: - «CeKu 6oünee, nmo6u eeK ezo He 6um» [fflycTHKOB 1902: 203]; cp. aBa noaHocTbro HaeHTHHHbix apxaHreabcKHx 3aroBopa-oöpaaa toh xe ^yH^HOHaabHOH opHeHTauHH: [AaoHbeBa, OBHHHHHKOBa 1993: 124]. B 3tom xe KOHTeKcre, öe3ycaoBHo, caeayeT paccMaTpHBaTb h apyrae cayHaH noaBaeHHa oöpaaoB h 3aroBopHHx TeKcTOB tohho c TaKOH xe (^opMaabHoä opraHH3anHeö, ho HMero^nx HHyro MeaHnHHcKyro HanpaBaeHHocTb, - HanpHMep, chöhpckhh oöpaa aeHeHHa aeTcKOH rpbixH: «.eKapKa öepeT peöeHKa h «aeaaTb BHa, öyaTO rpH3eT peöeHKa». MaTb cnpamHBaeT: - Koro rpH3emb? - Tpbixy. - 3arpbi3aH, mToö BeK-noBeKH He öbiao»» [BHHorpaaoB 1915: 391], - HaH HHxeropoacKHH BapHaHT OKypHBaHHa KopoB: «öaöa b HepenoK KaaaeT ropaHHe yraH h aaaoHy, oöHoca ero BOKpyr KopoBH c MoaHTBoro <... > Croa^aa c apyroro öoKa KopoBH cnpamHBaeT: HeBO, öaöa, KypHmb? - YpoKH. - KypH ropaxe!»» [MaMaKHH 1892: 148]. BcTpeHaro^aaca h b sthx oöpaaax, h b cnocoöe aeHeHHa yTHHa, h b ero npeanoaaraeMOM apxaHHecKOM "npoTOTHne" npocböa oö ycHaeHHH npoH3BoaHMHx aencTBHH no3BoaaeT BKaroHHTb b aaHHHH THnoaorHHecKHH paa aaabHeBocTOHHHH 3aroBop, coaepxa^HÖ aHaaorHHHoe TpeöoBaHHe, ho yxe BHe aBHoro oöpaaoBoro aencTBHa (oTHeTaHBO 3aMe^aeMoro BBoaHoH aeK-
06 o^hom bo3moxhom B0CT0qH0caaBaHCK0M "npoTopmyaae" (Ha MarepHaae aaroBopHoft TpaaHUHH)
CH^ecKOH (opMyaoft, aBHO pacnaaaromeftca Ha penaHKH pa3Hbix yHacTHHKOB): Em apenKy, eM a penKy, eM poduMy zpurny. Em zopasne, rnmoôu eeeK no eeKU ne 6bno uë y pa6a Eowua [A3aa0BCKHH 1914: 12]; cp.: [ToacToft 1993: 96]. .HerKO npocaexHBaromaaca bo Bcex npnBeaeHHHx Moaeaax onpeaeaeHHaa cMbicaoBaa "aH((y3Ha" oôpaaoBoro aeftcTBHa h 3aroBopHoro TeKCTa npeacTaBaaeTca aocTaTOHHHM 0CH0BaHHeM aaa npeanoaoxeHHa o hmhhhh Mexay hhmh HeKOToporo (yHKqHOHaabHoro H30M0p(H3Ma, "paBHOBecna", hto, OflHOBpeMeHHO, h oô^amaeT MHoroHHcaeHHbie cayHaH B3aHM03aMeHaeM0cTH MarHHecKHx aeftcTBHft h caoBecHHx (opMya, h cBHaeTeabcTByeT o cymecTBOBaHHH TaKoft aKqHOHaabHOH ochobh 3ar0B0pHHx TeKcTOB, K0T0paa, BepoaTHO, Ha 0npeaeaeHH0M 3Tane ^yHKUH0HHp0BaHHa MH(oaorHHecKoft TpaaHnHH cTaaa nocTeneHHO BHTecHaTbca, 3aMemaTbca 6oaee npamaTHHHbiMH, M0THBHp0BaHHHMH (opMaMH, Hcn0ab30BaBmHMH apxaHHecKHft pHTyaabHHft npeneaeHT T0abK0 b KaHecTBe 0craT0HH0r0 ceMaHTHHecKoro KapKaca aaa Kaxaoro KOHKpeTHoro caynaa, Tpeôyromero BocnpoH3BeaeHHa, noBTopeHHa apxeTHnHHecKoro pHTyaaa b ero noaHOM HaH c0KpameHH0M BapHaHTe.
OcoôeHHO OTHeTaHBO BTopHHHHft, 3aMeqaro^ift xapaKTep caoBecHHx KOHcTpyKUHft, H3o6paxaromHx KOHKpeTHHe pHTyaabHO-MarHHecKHe onepanHH, npoaBaaeTca npH oôpameHHH k HeMHoroHHcaeHHHM caynaaM 0TH0cHTeabH0 noaHoft (HKcauHH h oôpaaoBbix aeftcTBHft, h 3aKaHHaTeabHHx (opMya, Hcnoab3yromHx OTaeabHHe cTpyKTypHHe K0Mn0HeHTH aaHHoft THnoaorHHecKoft cxeMH, KaK, HanpHMep, b ceBepH0pyccK0M oôpaae H3aeneHHa aeTcKoro Hcnyra, 3a(HKcHp0BaHH0M b BaTcKOM Kpae; cm.: (Ea6yMKa MonanoM Mepana na nopoze numKou pe6ënKa.) - ¥ezo mu denaeMb? -CnycKawpëe, ucnyz, nepenonox, 12poduMuee <...>. (3pasa cnycKaem u zoeopum amo. nomoM ceasueaem Monano u nonynaemca Kpyz. nomoM amom Kpyz npodeeaem c zonoeu na pe6ënrn onamb.) - ¥mo denaeMb?- CnuMarnpëe, ucnyz... (HecëdanbMe noemopaem. nomoM na nopoze py6um mono-poM.) - ¥ezo denaeMb?-Py6nrnpëe, nepenonox... (Honamb noemopaem. nomoM uspy6nennoeMonano wzna na MecmKe.) - ¥mo wwëMb?-Mzy... (Hecëcnoea zoeopum. no 3 pasa ecë <...>.) [B03 382]. flaHHbift TeKcT npeacTaBaaeT HcKaroHHTeabHbift HHTepec no neaoMy paay (aKTopoB. Bo-nepBbix, oh aBHO aeMOHcTpHpyeT noaHyro TOxaecTBeHHOCTb, H30^yHKqH0HaabH0cTb BepôaabHoft h aKnH0HaabH0ft cocTaBaaromHx 3ar0B0pa h ero c0np0B0xaeHHa. Bo-btophx, oh b 3KcnaHnHTH0ft (opMe BbipaxaeT mothb ceneHHa, OTpyôaHHa 6oae3Heft, KoppeaHpyromHft c Haeeft B03p0xaeHHa, MeTa(opHHecKH npeacTaBaeHHoft b nepBoft HacTH oôpaaa 06pa30M Kpyra, K0T0pbift npoaeBaeTca Ha peôeHKa 1. B-TpeTbHx, oÔHapyxHBaromeeca b TeKcTe cTpeMaeHHe k noaHOMy, BceoxBaTHOMy yHHHTOxeHHro 6oae3HH, He ocTaBaaromee bo3moxhocth aaa ee noBTopeHHa, "peKpeanHH",
1 Cp. mHp0K0 aa^HKcHpoBaHHyro b caaBaHcKoft TpaaHUHH npaKTHKy "nepepoxaeHHa" 6oabHoro HaH caa6oro pe6eHKa, BKaroHaromyro b ce6a, b HacTHocTH, o6paa npoTacKHBaHHa ero Hepea paaBHaKy aepeBa HaH cKB03H0e OTBepcTHe b HeM; cm., HanpHMep, b yKpaHHcKoft TpaaHUHH: «XHaoro h caa6oro pe6eHKa npoaeBaroT TpHxaH Hepea pacmenaeHHbift MoaHHeft ay6» [rpHHHeHKO 1895: 31]; cp. KaK 6oaee "nparMaTHHHyro" h, caeaoBaTeabHO, 6oaee BHpoxaeHHyro (^opMy pyccKHft o6paa HaaeHeHHa pe6eHKa ot rp^ixH: «Koraa MaaaeHe^ 6oaeH rp^ixeft, to <...> 0Te^ h MaTb HecyT ero b aec, OTHcKHBaroT aBa paaoM pacTymHx MoaoaHx ay6Ka h cTaHOBaTca apyr npoTHB apyra, TpH paaa nepeaaroT pe6eHKa o^hh apyroMy b nporaa Mexay hhmh <...>. 9tot cnoco6 aeHeHHa HaaHBaeTca MecTaMH omnoc h ynoTpe6aaeTca b paaHHx aeTcKHx 6oae3Hax» [Mhhx 1890: 54]; k pacmHpeHHro KOHKpeTHHx cnoco6oB b caaBaHcKoft TpaaHUHH B006me cp.: [ToacTaa 1992: 56] h ap.; npHMeHHTeabHO ko BapocaHM cm., HanpHMep, cxoaHHft o6paa, 6biT0BaBmHH b n0mex0HcK0M yeaae; cm.: [flepyHOB 1889: 118]; cp. TaKxe: [3eaeHHH 1991: 286]. HaaHBaa b 3tom THnoaorHHecKOM paay nponycKaHHe 6oabHoro Hepea xoMyT, cKB03H0e aynao, aecTHH^y h T.n. h nponycKaHHe aomaaeft Hepea aeMaaHoft TyHHeab, E.A.YcneHcKHH aaMeHaeT, hto noaoÔHoro poaa aeftcTBHa cHMB0aH3HpyroT noBTopHoe poxaeHHe h cBaaaHHoe c 3thm 06H0BaeHHe opraHH3Ma; cm.: [YcneHcKHft 1982: 132]; TaM xe - noapo6Haa 6H6aH0rpa(Ha Bonpoca. - Hro60nHTH0
COnOCTaBHMO C aHaaOTHHHHMH noSyflHTe^bHHMH npHHHHaMH H aeHCTBHflMH, npHeyTeTByromHMH b apyrHx THnax BOCTOHHOcaaBaHCKHx 3aroBopoB, b nacraocTH, b TeKCTax ot 3Meñ h aHxopaaoK, hto BHCTynaeT aonoaHHTeabHbiM noaTBepxaeHHeM, C OflHOH CTOpOHH, CMbICaOBOrO eflHHCTBa 3arOBOpHOH TpaflHnHH H, C flpyTOH CTOpOHH, OÓ^HOCTH CToa^nx 3a Hero b neaoM h, caeaoBaTeabHO, 3a Kaxaoñ H3 KOHKpeTHHx ^yHKnHOHaabHHx rpynn, pHTyaabHO-MH^oaorHnecKHx npeacTaBaeHHH o MHpe. B-neTBepTHx, CHTyauHH OTCeneHHa 6oae3HH, npaKTHnecKH noaHOCTbro TOxaecTBeHHaa aHaaorHHHoñ onepanHH, coBepmaeMoñ npH aeneHHH yTHHa, no3BoaaeT npeanoaoxHTb, hto h o6paa H36aBaeHHa ot yTHHa Ha paHHeñ CTaaHH ^yHKnHOHHpoBaHHa Mor npeacTaBaaTb co6oñ 6oaee pa3BepHyToe aeñcTBHe, coKpaTHBmeeca b nponecce 6biTOBaHHa ToabKO ao neHTpaabHoro ero KOMnoHeHTa, hto cayxHT aonoaHHTeabHbiM AOKa3aTeabCTBOM BHCOKOH CTeneHH 3HanHMOCTH onepanHH OTceneHHa, orbeaHHeHHa aaa MarHneCKoro co3HaHHa. Pa3yMeeTca, npH conocraBaeHHH 3thx o6paaoB b KanecTBe HCxoaHoro HaH COBepmeHHO o6oco6aeHHoro moxho CHHTaTb 6oaee aaKOHHHHbiñ o6paa H3neneHHa ot yTHHa; b TaKOM caynae npHMeHHTeabHO k nepBOMy o6paay (raaeneHHa 6eCCOHHnn) penb b paBHOH CTeneHH MOxeT hath KaK o6 ycHaeHHH CTaHaapTHbix, yHHBepCanbHbix aeñcTBHH (oTceneHHa, OTpy6aHHa) nocpeacTBOM BBeaeHHa aononHHTenbHHx ceMaHTHnecKHx 3BeHbeB (cnycKaHHa, CHHMaHHa h cxHraHHa), TaK h o nonHoñ CaMOCToaTenbHOCTH 3Toro o6paaa h HeBO3MOXHOCTH ero conocraBaeHHa C o6paaoM aeneHHa yTHHa. B aro6oM caynae, CpaBHeHHe aHaaH3HpyeMoro TeKCTa C ^yHKnHOHMbHO poaCTBeHHHMH eMy 3aroBopaMH no3BoaaeT aoBoabHO acHO npocaeaHTb npoHCxoaa^He b TpaaHnHH CTpyKTypHO-ceMaHTHnecKHe TpaHC^opMauHH HcxoaHon MoaenH. TaK, b rpaHHnax Toro xe BaTCKoro apeaaa oÓHapyxHBaroTca o6paabi, coaepxa^He ToabKO oaHH aKUHOHaabHHH KOMnoHeHT H3 paccMaTpHBaeMoro paaa aeñcTBHH -cnycKaHHe (cm.: (Ecnu ucnyzarnm ManeHbKuxpe6nm, zoeopHm cnoea, saMepueamm. HanuHa-rnm c zonoeymKU. HumonKy eosbMU u cHanana sdecb, om meMenKa <depwa HumKy eepmuKmbHo, onycmn edonb noseoHonHUKa k mmmM. - Co6.>) - <...> Mepnrnh, Mepnrnpa6a 6ornbezo ucnyzu, nepenonoxu [B03 385]), pa3py6aHHe (cm.: (Ecnu nepenonox Haeenu Ha pe6¿HKa, eosbMU Mom npHMU, py6u ezo Ha nopoze u zoeopu:) - Py6nw-nepepy6aw rnopox, nepenonox, ypoK [B03 386]) h cxnraHHe (cm. o6paaoByro peKOMeHaanHro: Ecnupe6¿HoK ucnywancH, Hado esHmb KydenbKy, nmo6 dnuHoü c pe6¿HKa, u epode nnecmu ee e dpyzyrn cmopoHy, e o6pamHyrn, a nomoM cwenb [B03 384])2. HaKOHen, b aaHHOM CMHcaoBOM paay Heab3a He y^HTHBaTb h aKqHOHaabHO 6aH3KHH npHroBop ot anMeHa, npeacTaBaaro^HH co6oñ, BepoaTHO, ocTaTOK 3aKaHHaTeabHOH caoBecHoñ ^opMyaH, 3KBHBaaeHTHOH co6cTBeHHO o6paaoBOMy aeñcTBHro, ho BHe ero "MeTaTeKCTyaabHoro" onHcaHHa: MnMeHb, HHMeHb, Ha me6e Kymwb; nmo xonernb, mo Kynurnb; Kynu ce6e monopoK, py6u ce6H nonepeK! [BP3 84]; cp. CMoaeHCKHñ: MnMeHb, HHMeHb! eom ma6e KyKUM, rnmo xonurn, mo u Kynurn; Kynu ca6e manapoK, chku cH6e nynHpeK! [C9C 199], - h, oco6eHHO, Ka3aHCKHH BapHaHTbi:
^HrypHpyro^ee b CapaTOBCKOH ry6epHHH HMeHOBaHHe o6paaa "othocom", KOTopoe He MOxeT He Bbi3BaTb accouHauHH c mHpoKO pacnpocTpaHeHHOH npaKTHKOH ocTaBneHHa aeTeñ b aecy, b qacTHOOTH, aaperHCT-pHpOBaHHOH H BOnme6HOH CKa3KOH, - CO BCeMH BO3HHKaro^HMH B 3TOH CBI3H HHHUHaUHOHHHMH napaaaeaaMH, - cm.: [üponn 1986: 82-85].
2 üepBbie aBa cnoco6a KaK 3KBHBaaeHTHHe apyr apyry BapHaHTbi BOTpeiaroTca h b yKpaHHCKOH TpaaHUHH, npH^eM TaK xe b paMKax oaHoro apeaaa - cm. CBHaeTenbCTBO o tom, ^tü nepenonox «neiHTca npHceKaHHeM TonopoM y nopora xaTbi aBeHaauaTH naaoqeK H3 BeHHKa. Ot "nepenonoxa" xe h "aaBHpqyroT". flenaeTca 3tü TaKHM o6pa3üM. npHraameHHHH 3Haxapb H3MepaeT HHTKoro aaHHy 6onbHürü aHTaTH» h T.a. [KüBaaeHKü, MaHxypa 1891: 171].
06 0flH0M bo3moxhom BOcroqHOcaaBaHCKOM "npoTopmyaae" (Ha Marepnaae 3ar0B0pH0ft TpaaHUHH)
MHMeHb, MHMeHb, Ha me nyxuw - neso xcmewb xynuwb; xynu ce6e monopuK, cpy6u ce6e sonoexy, no caMyrnMaxoexy! [ApmHHOB 1889: 11]; KaK nocTeneHHyro TpaHC^opManHro "aapecaTa" cm. batckhh: nene-HHMeHb, Ha me6exyxum! ^esoxonernb, moso u xynurnb. Kynu ce6emonopox, uccexu ce6n edonb u nonepex [B03 432], - h 3a6aftKaabCKHft BapnaHra: Ha me6e nenenbMeHb xyxurn, <...> 6epu monopox, cexu nonepex [CaBeabeB 1990: 18].
BHHMaHHa 3acayxHBaeT h npHcyTOTByro^Hft bo MHornx BapnaHTax npHBeaeHHbix 06paa0B o6pa3 e e h u x a, qeft MH^oaorHqecKHft CMbieaoo6pa3yro^Hft noTeHnnaa aaaeKO BHxoflHT 3a npeaeabi c^epbi ero co6cTBeHH0 6HT0B0r0 yn0Tpe6aeHHa 3. Cy^ecTBeHHbiM npn3HaK0M 3Toro npeaMeTa MoxeT cqHTaTbca xapaKTeprayro^aa ero "06paTHM0CTb": BeHHK b paBHoft CTeneHH MoxeT BHCTynaTb b ^yHKaHH KaK o6teKTa, TaK h cy6teKTa (pac)ceneHHa; c npHBeaeHHbiMH npHMepaMH cp. 6eaopyccKHft o6paa ot aeTCKoro HoqHoro KpnKa: Ysnmb us somhh mpu npymu u nod xypocadHeM xa^HbiM npymoM mpupasa dsnueHxa cexaHyub, - conpoBoxaaro^Hftca MarnqecKoft ^opMyaoft: Omcexam ^u^bi-maxcM [P0MaH0B 1891: 151]. HaaeaeHne b aaHHOM KOHTeKCTe BeHHKa "aKTHBHHM" HaqaaoM npeacTaBaaeTca nan n03aHeftmeft HHBepcneft (aBaaro^eftca ojhhm h3 npnMepoB Toft rao6aabHoft o6paTHMocTH, KOTopaa xapaKTeprayeT Bce ypoBHH MarnqecKoft npaKTHKH h npoaBaaeTca, b qacTHOCTH, b cnoco6HocTH oaHHx h Tex xe npeaMeTOB BHcTynaTb b KaqecTBe 06teKT0B h cy6teKT0B pHTyaabHbix aeftCTBHft), nan 3KCTpanoaanHeft h3 apyroft c^epbi 06paa0B0ft aeaTeabHOCTH (HanpHMep, CBa3aHH0ft c 06pa30M 6aHH); ayMaeTca, qTO Ha nepBOHanaabHOft CTaaHH cBoero yn0Tpe6aeHHa stot o6pa3 e^e aoaxeH 6bia coxpaHaTb pmyaabHbie KOHHOTannn 4. HeaBHbiM noaTBepxaeHHeM sToro MoxeT cayxHTb 3a^HKcnpoBaHHHft b BpaHCKoft ry6epHHH cayqaft pacceKaHHa h pa36pacbiBaHHa qacreft BeHHKa, npaMO nepeKaHKaro^Hftca c aHaaoraqHbiMH aeftCTBHaMH b pmyaae npHHeceHHa
3	06 HcnoabaoBaHHH MeTabi nan BeHHKa b noao6Hbix o6paaax h aeqe6H0ft MarHH B006^e cm.: [BHHorpaaoBa, ToacTaa 1993: 16-18].
4	OTqacTH aoKaaaTeabcTBOM coxpaHeHHa 06pa30M BeHHKa OTaaaeHHbix caeaoB pHTyaabHO-MarnqecKoro nponcxoxaeHHa MoxeT aBaaTbca 3anpeT Ha y6opKy h BbiMeTaHHe Mycopa b aoMe b npaaaHH^Hbie aHH, 3aperHcTpHpoBaHHHft Ha Bceft TeppHTopHH pacceaeHHa B0CT0qHbix caaBaH; xapaKTepnaya CHCTeMy npaaaHH^HHx 3anpeT0B, C.M.ToacTaa BbiaeaaeT Tpn Han6oaee o6^hx (^opMbi: pa6oTbi, cBaaaHHbie c mHTbeM h TKaqecTBOM, pa6oTbi c octphmh (pexy^HMH, Koaro^HMH h py6a^HMH) opyanaMH h pa6oTbi, cBaaaHHbie c aeMaeft (cm.: [ToacTaa 1984: 181]). Moxho 3aMeTHTb, ito Bce 3th aeftcTBHa b 6oabmeft nan MeHbmeft cTeneHH o6HapyxHBaroT cooTHocHMocTb c pHTyaabHoft nporpaMMoft: ocTpbe opyana - KaK aBHbie 3KBHBaaeHTb aTpH6yT0B pHTyaabHoro xepTBonpHHomeHHa, 3eMaa - KaK, b KOHeqHOM cqeTe, nocaeaHHft "aapecaT" pHTyaabHoro aKTa (TeM 6oaee, qTO npaKTHqecKH aro6be ceabCK0X03aHCTBeHHHe pa6oTH npeanoaararoT Hcn0ab30BaHHe octphx opyaHft), a TKaqecTBO - KaK CBoero poaa "3KBHBaaeHT", yHHBepcaabHaa MH^oaorHqecKaa MeTa^opa coTBopeHHa MHpa (cp. TaKxe poab hhth b yxe npHBeaeHHbx o6paaax H3aeqeHHa ot aeTCKoro KpHKa, bo Bcex HHaoeBponeftcKHx 3aroBopax Ha 0CTaH0BKy Kp0B0TeqeHHa h ap.), Toxe CBa3aHHaa c octphmh aTpn6yTaMH. TaKHM 06pa30M, KaxeTca BepoaTHbM npeanoaoxeHHe o tom, ito npnypoqeHHbe k npa3aHHKaM 3anpeTb (aBHO ray60K0 a3bmecKoro nponcxoxaeHHa) pacnpocTpaHaroTca Ha Te o6teKTbi h npeaMeTb, KOTopbe b 3th aHH "HanoaHaroTca" oco6hm pHTyaabHbM 3HaqeHHeM, CMbca KOToporo noaHOCTbro yTpaqeH TpaaHUHeft, ho naMaTb o kotopom MexaHHqecKH coxpaHeHa b Tpe6oBaHHH co6aroaeHHa Mep npea0CT0p0xH0CTH ot cayqaftHoft aecaKpaaH3a^HH 3thx npeaMeTOB; o TaKoro poaa ceMHOTHqecKOH nepeo^eHKe Bereft cm., HanpHMep: [CBemHHKOBa, l^HBbaH 1979: 165-171]; [Baft6ypHH 1989] h ap. Be3ycaoBHaa He06x0aHM0CTb aonoaHeHHa npeaaoxeHHoft C.M.ToacToft THnoaorHH 3anpeT0B 3anpeT0M Ha y6opKy aoMa KaK pa3 h n03B0aaeT roBopHTb o noao6Hoft 0^eH0qH0ft h $yHKaH0HaabH0ft aM6HBaaeHTH0CTH BeHHKa, BepoaTHO, coxpaHaro^eft pyaHMeHTapHbe caeab yqacTHa ero np0T0THna b peKOHCTpynpyeMOM B0CT0qH0caaBaHCK0M "npoTopHTyaae". OnpeaeaeHHyro HH^opMaunro b 3tom 0TH0meHHH MoryT npeaocTaBHTb nacxaabHbe o6paab, mnpoKO ynoTpe6aaBmneca b Beaopyccnn h Ha YKpaHHe h BKaroqaBmne MOMeHT ceqeHHa BeTBaMH ocBa^eHHoft Bep6b, conpoBoxaaBmnftca pHTyaabHbM anaaoroM h CBoeo6pa3Hoft "nepeaapeca^eft" coBepmaeMbx aeftcTBHft; cm.: «KaK T0abK0 npnayT aoMoft H3 uepKBH, Bep6oft xae^yT apyr apyra: «He a 6tro, Bep6a 6te. .HKaa? CBaTaa. 3a TbxaeHb - BeaHKaeHb. Byab 3aopoB Ha yBecb roa»»
B xepTBy "nepBOHenoBeKa"; cm.: «EcnH peöeHOK ^onro He HaHHHan xo^HTb, <...> KnanH peöeHKy Mex^y HoxeK BeHHK, 3aTeM pacceKanH ero h pacKH^HBanH npyTba» [Bhho-rpa^OBa, ToncTaa 1993: 17]. C "KpeaTHBHHMH" B03M0xH0CTaMH oöpa3a BeHHKa cornacyeTca h ero ynacTHe b nroöoBHbix 3aroBopax (Hepe^KO b cononoxeHHH c o6pa3OM nopora) ; cm. pyccKHH "npHBopoTHbrä" oöpa^, r^e Hcn0nb30BaHHe BeHHKa cnyxHT eme OflHHM flOKa3aTe^bCTBOM H3OMOp^H3Ma BepÖanbHOH H aKqHOHanbHOH HaCTeÖ OÖpaflOBOrO KOMnneKca: Ms ceemeea eeHUKa 6epëmcH npymoK. npymoK KnadëmcH Ha nopoze deepu, e Komopym eoüdëm mom, dm kozo HasHaneHa npucyxa. KaK monbKo oh nepewazHëm nepes npym, mo nocnedHuü yôuparnm e maKoe Mecmo, zde ezo HUKmo He moz 6u eudemb. nomoM 6epym npym u Knadym e mapKo HamonneHHoü 6am Ha nonoK, npuzoeapueaH: «KaK coxHem amom npym, nycKaü coxHem noMHe(umh)pa66omuü (umh)» [^oceB 1925: 22]; aHanorHHHoe - b: [^oceB 1925: 23]; [HC A, 14]. HaKOHen, b CBa3H c o6pa3OM BeHHKa h ero pmyanbHbiM
OpeO^OM HeOÖXOflHMO OTMeTHTb C^ynaö ^HKCaUHH ero H3BeCTH0H ^yHKUHOHanbHOH TOx^ecTBeHHOCTH KaMHM KaK oöpa^OBOMy anTapro: noüdy h, pa6a 6owbH (umh) e napHyrn 6aHW, noMbiAwcb, nonapmcb. Buüdy h, pa6a 6owbH (umh) us napHoü 6aHU, ecmaHy Ha wäaKoebiü eeHUK u nomonwcb u noKopmcb mpëM eempaM, mpëM euxopHM [CoöoneBa 1926: 28], - b CHÖHpcKOM ^roöoBHOM 3aroBope; cp. apxaHrenbCKHe BapHaHTH: noümu e 6aHw, nocne napeHbH, cmamb Ha mom eeHUK, KomopbiM napunucb, u zoeopumb: «Buüdy h us napHoü 6aüHU, cmaHy ceouM 6eMiM 6ymaw:HbiM menom Ha wenKoe eeHUK <...>» [HC A, 17], - h 6onee noKa3aTe^bHoe b paccMaTpHBaeMOH nepcneKTHBe coe^HHeHHe CHTyauHH CToaHHa Ha BeHHKe c aHaTOMHHecKOH o6pa3HOCTbro: CmaHy h Mnada Ha wenKoe eeHUK 6enuM menoM, 6enoü zpydbw, nëpHUMU 6poeHMU, hchumu onamu, pemueuM cepdueM [HC A, 21] 5. HaKOHen, 3flecb xe MoxeT ÖHTb OTMeneHa ocoöaa ponb BeHHKa b oöpa^ax, CBa3aHHHx c öaHeö,
ÖaHHHKaMH H flOMOBHMH; Cp., HanpHMep, CHÖHpCKHH OÖpaflOBHH KOMMeHTapHH K
Hcno^HeHHro 3aroBopa ot npHTKH, "öaHHOH noraHH": Yumaewb Ha eeHUK e 6aHe, nmo6u He npununna KaKaH 6onb. nnecHëwb Ha eeHUK eodu Had KaMeHKoü u zoeopuwb [BHHorpa^OB 1915: 397].
TaKHM o6pa3OM, aHanH3 onpe^eneHHon oópa^OBOH napa^HrMH, cocToameH h3 Haöopa ^yHKqHOHa^bHO, aKqHOHanbHO h BepöanbHO 6^h3khx BapHaHTOB, ^aeT HeKOTopHe ocHOBaHHa ^na peKOHCTpyKUHH ecnH He o6me3aroBopHoro pHTyanbH0-3aKnHHaTenbH0r0 npoTOTeKCTa, to HeKoero CTepeoTHna, nocnyxHBmero ochoboh ^na ^opMHpoBaHHa nenoro Knacca poflCTBeHHbix (h, cne^OBaTenbHO, reHeTHHecKH 3aBHCHMHx) oöpa^OB h I
[ManHHKa 1902: 24S-249], - c aBHOH "HOBoro^Heñ" opHeHxauHen, conocxaBHMGH c npHypoHeHHGCxbro rnaBHoro apxaHHecKoro pHxyana k HoBOMy ro^y; cp. ^pyroË HHxepecHHH enyqaË oxox^ecreneHHa - c npGCxpaHCXBeHHHMH GÔteKxaMH: Bep6a 6be, He h 6bm, sa muxdeHb BenuKdeHb. Eydb eenuKuü, hk eep6a, a sdopoeuü, hk eoda, a 6azamuü, hk semnH [Hgmhc 1S64: 8]; xaM xe - BapHaHX c ^HanorHHecKHM cxpoeHHeM. B 3XGM xe pa^y Moryx paccMaxpHBaxbca h HCKnroHHxenbHG ynoxpeÔHxenbHbie cnyHaH xopomo H3BecxHGrG HcnGnb3GBaHHa BexBeH npH nepBGM BeceHHeM BHroHe CKGxa b none. - KpoMe Toro, Heo6xGflHM0 HMexb b BH^y XG 06cT0aTenbCTB0, hxg b o6pa3e BeHHKa b "peanHCXHHecKGH" $opMe co^epxHXca ^HxpanbHaa ^na paccMaxpHBaeMGro XHna pHxyanoB H^ea KGM6HHa^HH npe^enbHOM äpg6hgcxh h e^HHCXBa. - 3^eob xe cm. oxHGcameeca k Mgckgbckgh ry6epHHH CBH^exenbcxBG npe^enbHoro MarHHecKoro nGxeH^Hana BeHHKa, cxaHGBameroca ero "KOMnpeccHpoBaHHHM" 3KBHBaneHX0M: xun MeaH KondyH. Oh yMep, a Kondoecmeo ceoe nepedan, KaK yMupan, ceoeMy cuHy "Ha eeHUKe". nodosean cuHa, nonpocun eeHUK, nowenman nmomo Ha Hezo u nepeKUHyn sa zonoey. nomoM emy camomy wmomo zoeopun... Oh menepb Kondoecmeo-mo u SHaem [EneoHCKaa 1925: 225], - npH xgm, KOHeHHO, hxg b ponH o6teKxa HaroBapHBaHHa h nepe6pacHBaHHa Hepe3 nneHO MornH BHCxynaxb caMHe pa3HHe npe^MexH.
5 O noÂOÔHOM Hcn0nb30BaHHH BeHHKa b o6pa^ax "npHcymHBaHHa" h ero bo3moxhhx ^yHKaHGHanbHO-ceMaHXHHecKHX xpaHC$GpMa^Hax cm.: [Ü03HaHCKHH 1917: 209-211].
06 oähom B03M0XH0M BOCToqHocaaBaHCKOM "npoTopmyaae" (Ha MarepHaae aaroBopHofl TpaaHnHH)
HaH TeKCTOB. HecMorpa Ha xecrKyro ^yHKnHOHaabHO-nparMarHqecKyro mothbhpo-BaHHOCTb Bcex o6pa3yro^Hx HHBapHaHTHyro ^opMy aaHHoro oöpaaa aaeMeHroB, KaxaHH
H3 HHX C flOCTaTOHHO BbicOKOH CTeneHbM aOCTOBepHOCTH MOxer ÖHTb B03BeaeH K HeKoeMy
pHTyaabHOMy npeneaeHry; bo bcakom caynae, Bce ohh npaMO HaH onocpeaoBaHHO penpe3eHTHpyroT pa3aHHHbie acneKTH raaBHoro roaoBoro pHTyaaa. U e a b aroro pHrya-abHoro aeöcrBHa - HOBaa (h, b npeaeabHOM BapHaHTe, "oKOHqareabHaa") noöeaa Haa xaocoM, BTopraro^HMca HaH noreHnHaabHO cnocoÖHbiM BroprHyrbca b peryaapHoe cy^ecTBOBaHHe, npeacTaBaeHa ^HHaabHOH $pa30H oöpaaa, npH3BaHH0H 3aKpenHTb ornyxaeHHe, OTcyTCTBHe 6oae3HH (peaabHOH HaH rpo3a^eH) b HeKoeH öecKOHeqHOH BpeMeHHOH nepcneKTHBe, to ecTb cnpoenHpoBarb Ha ypoBeHb MHKpoMHpa - aoMa, ceMbH, HHaHBHayyMa - to KocMHqecKoe paBHOBecHe, KOTopoe aoaxHO öbirb BOccTaHOBaeHO b raaBHOM roaoBOM pHTyaae. npeacTaBaeHO b BocroHHocaaBAHcKOM oöpaae h pHTyaabHoe e p e m h, ABaaro^ee coöoH KBHHrecceHnHro npomeamero h Hacroa^ero: xaoTHnecKoe npomaoe MaHH^ecrnpoBaHO "xaorHnecKHM" Hacroa^HM yqacrHHKOB, a öaaronoayqHoe "HOBOe", KOcMHHecKOe BpeMA - TOH xpOHOaOrHHecKOH nepcneKTHBOH "oHH^eHHoro" cy^ecTBOBaHHa, Ha Koropyro opHeHTHpoBaHH coBepmaeMbie aeöcrBHA6. C00TBeTcTBeHH0, h tot aoKyc, k K0T0p0My peryaapHO npHyponHBaerca HcnoaHeHHe oöpaaa, He MOxer He acconHHpoBaTbca c m e c m o m pHTyaaa: nopor, ^HrypHpyro^HH npaKTHnecKH b öoabmHHcTBe BapHaHTOB, - HaHÖoaee nerKaa, npocTpaHcTBeHHO BbipaxaeMaa rpaHHna cBoero h nyxoro mhpob, h, caeaoBaTeabHO, rpaHHna noBceaHeBHoro h aKcrpeMaabHoro, npo^aHHnecKoro h caKpaabHoro, onacHoro h rapaHTHpoBaHHoro h T.n.7 BepoaTHO, oöpa3 nopora MOxer HHTepnpeTHpoBaTbca h KaK ^opMa ceManranecKoro B03Bpa^eHHa k xpoHoaorHnecKOMy acneKTy orpaxeHHa caeaoB "nepBopHTyaaa" - BpeMa, k K0T0p0My oh peryaapHO npHyponHBaaca, - aro roxe nopor, rpaHHna, npHneM 0aH0BpeMeHH0 h BpeMeHHaa, h npocTpaHcTBeHHaa. Boaee orneraHBa B03M0xHaa cBa3b boctohho-caaBaHcKoro oöpaaa c HHaoeBponeHcKHM pHTyaaoM Ha ypoBHe d e ü c m e u h: aKnHOHaabHoe roxaecrBO aByx THnoB pHTyaabHoro noBeaeHHa He MOxer He BH3BaTb npeanoaoxeHHa 06 oö^hocth, no KpaHHeH Mepe, ctoa^hx 3a hhmh npeacraBaeHHH. npH 3T0M ^HrypHpyro^ee b BocronHocaaBAHcKOM oöpaae aHno, Bbicrynaro^ee KaK cBoero poaa "HocHTeab" oöteKra 3ar0B0pa (6oae3HH), BnoaHe conocraBHM c m e p m e o ü (HaH
6	BnoaHe BepoaTHO, hto o^Ha H3 peaaH3anHH paccMarpHBaeMoro HHBapHaHTa co^epxHT h KOMnpeccHpoBaHHHH oöpa3 MH^oaoranecKoro n p o c m p a h c m e a - cm. apxaHreabcKHH BapHaHT H3aeneHHA aeTyqero orHa: «BoabHoro peöeHKa caxaroT k nenHOMy cToaöy, öepyT KpeMeHb h Kpecaao. flaaee npoHcxo^HT TaKOH ÄHaaor pöÄHTeaefl öoabHoro peöeHKa h 3Haxapa: «Hto ceKemb?» - «OroHb aeTyqHH» - «CeKH xopomeHbKO, htoöh y paöa öoxbero (hma) BeK He öbiBaao» [3aroBopH 1980: 172], - rae oöpaa nenHoro cToaöa He MoxeT He acconHHpoBaTbca c aroöbiM ceMaHTHnecKHM TpaHc^opMöM MHpoBoro apeBa (h, cae^OBaTeabHO, ero penpeaeHTanHAMH b pHTyaae), - to ecTb Bcero MaKpoKocMa, a npHyponeHHocTb k 3T0My oöpasy öoabHoro peöeHKa, bo3moxho, aonycTHMO paccMaTpHBaTb KaK noaHocTbro paapymeHHHH pe^aeKc conoaoxeHHa MHpoBoro apeBa (b $opMe ero pHTyaabHbx 3KBHBaaeHT0B) h, c oähoh cTopoHH, xepTBeHHoro Teaa, a c Äpyrofl cTopoHH - ^Hrypbi nepBoneaoBeKa.
7	O nopore b MH^oaorHnecKofl TpaaHnHH Booö^e cm., HanpHMep: [BoraTbipeB 1929: 251, 270]; [HBaHOB, TonopoB 1965: 168-170]; [TonopoB 1983: 263 ca.]; KOHKpeTHO aaa BocTonHocaaBAHcKoro apeaaa cp.: [BaHöypHH 1983: 136-140]. 3aecb xe caeayeT ynHTHBaTb to ocoöoe MecTO, KOTopoe otboähtca b pyccKHx 3aroBopax H30ÖpaxeHHro pa3aHHHoro poaa MHKporpaHHn Mexay äomom h BHemHHM npocTpaHcTBOM ÄBepefl, ceHeH h BopoT, xota oöpa3 nopora, KaK npaBHao, b TaKHx KOHcTpyKnHax He SKcnaHnHpoBaH. HaKOHen, Heab3a He BKaronHTb b 3tot paa ÄOBoabHO ynoTpeÖHTeabHHe caynaH pacnoaoxeHHa noa noporoM octphx npe^MeTOB, BHnoaHaro^Hx oxpaHHTeabHHe ^yHKnHH; cm., HanpHMep, BoaoroacKHH cnocoö: «noa nopor b H3Öe <...> B^eaHBaroT cTapyro ceH0K0cHyro Kocy, K0T0pyro <...> KaxaHH bxoäa^hh b H3Öy 3aaeBaeT Hororo: OHa npeaoxpaHaeT x03AHHa ot 3aoyMHmaeHHHx aro^efl h <...> 6oae3HeH» [3eaeHHH 1914: 259].
xepTBeHHHM Te.OM) pmyana (npH tom, hto 3Ta 5.H30CTb ycHnHBaeTca 05a3aTenbH0H r0pH30HTa.bH0H opHeHTHpoBaHHOCTbro, noaKpennaeMoH CTonb xe 05a3aTenbH0H npHyponeHHOCTbro k HH3y). B to xe BpeMa, Bcrpenaro^eeca pa3rpaHHHeHHe ynacTHHKOB o5paaa no npH3HaKy crapmHH-MnaamHH (c perynapHbiM npeo5naaaHHeM nepBoro h3 hhx b KanecTBe OTnHHHTenbHOH neprn HcnonHHTena o5paaoBbix aeôcTBHË) o5HapyxmaeT caeabi OTaaneHHoro cxoacTBa c (^Hrypoö wp e u a, BbinoaHaro^ero cooTBeTCTByromHe pmyaabHbie nponeaypbi, 05a3aTenbH0 conpoBoxaaro^Heca d u a a o z o m, hto, b CBoro OHepeab, nepeKHHKaeTca c ycTOHHHBbiM yn0Tpe5aeHHeM b BOCTOHHOcnaBaHCKOM o5paae BonpocHO-OTBeTH^ix KOHCTpyKUHH8. KpoMe 3Toro, o5a3aTe.bHHH ana o5paaa h.h 3aMe^aro^ero ero 3aroBopHoro TeKCTa Tonop (h H30^yHKnH0HaabHbiH eMy BeHHK) MOxeT oaHOBpeMeHHO paccMaTpHBaTbca h KaK CBoero poaa xpenecKHË a m p u 6y m, h KaK c05cTBeHH0 o p y d u e coBepmeHHa pmyaaa, - bo bcakom caynae, ecnH He KaK npaMoe reHeranecKoe cneacTBHe, to KaK THnonorHHecKaa napannenb.
B pe3ynbTaTe 0Ka3biBaeTca, hto Bce rnaBHbie cocTaBnaro^He HHfloeBponeöcKoro "nepBopHTyana", onpenenaro^He h MaHH^ecrapyro^He ero caKpanbHbift, Haeono-rHHecKHH, nepcoHonorHHecKHH, aKqHOHanbHbiñ, npeflMeTHbiñ h ^opManbHbiñ ypoBHH, b BH^e BepoaTHbx ceMaHTHHecKHx pe^neKCOB o5HapyxHBaroTca b BOCTOHHOcnaBaHCKOH 3ar0B0pH0H Tpa^HnHH, npHMeHHTenbHO k kotopoh noaBnaeTca B03M0XH0CTb roBopHTb o HanHHHH HeKoero Bep5anbH0-aKqH0HanbH0r0 HHBapHaHTa, B5Hparo^ero b ce5a Bce 3th CMbicnoBbie napannenH h peanrayro^eroca KaK b OTHOCHTenbHO nonHbix, TaK h b coKpa^eHHbix ^opMax. TaKoro poaa HHBapHaHT, pa3yMeeTca, He MOxeT cHHTaTbca npaMHM OTpaxeHHeM rnaBHoro roaoBoro pHTyana; 5onee npaBflonono5HbiM npeacTaBnaeTca tot ^aKT, hto penpe3eHTHpyro^He ero kohctpykuhh aBnaroT co5oh cyMMy ceMaHTHHecKHx cneaoB Tex np0MexyT0HHbix o5paaoBbix ^opM, KOTopbie B03HHKanH b Tpa^HnHH no Mepe TpaHC^opManHH npoTopmyana, o5pa3ya HOBHe K0M5HHanHH h3 3neMeHT0B, OTHOca^Hxca k pa3HHM CTannaM 3toh TpaHC^opManHH. npHMeHHTenbHO xe k o5paay raneneHHa yTHHa h ^yHKqHOHanbHO h CTpyKTypHO-ceMaHTHHecKH 5.h3khm eMy MoaenaM b TaKOM ocBe^eHHH, oneBHflHO, yMecTHee roBopHTb o HaH5onbmen CTeneHH npHcn0C05neHH0CTH k caM0C0xpaHeHHro b nponecce 5biT0BaHHa, hto onaTbTaKH MOxeT cnyxHTb KOCBeHHHM noflTBepx^eHHeM ero onocpeaoBaHHOH 3aBHCHM0CTH ot apxaHHecKoro npoTopHTyana c ero bhcokhm ^opMO- h CMbicnoo5pa3yro^HM noTeHnHanoM.
Ec.h npoTOMe^HUHHCKoe Hanano o5HapyxHBaro^Hxca b MOTHBe (pac)ceneHHa aeHCTBHH OHeBHflHO, to hx KOCMoroHHHecKaa, K0CM005pa3yro^aa ocHOBa yKa3HBaeTca b TeKCTax KpaHHe peaKo; caMH aencTBHa, oaHaKO, MoryT H3o5paxaTbca c aocTaTOHHOH nonHOTOH, KaK, HanpHMep, b BenHKopyccKOM oxoTHHHbeM o5epere c aBHOH "cnanHanbHOË" npHpoflOH, conepxa^eM K0M5HHanHro, BO-nepBHx, mothbob ceneHHa caKpanbHoro nepco-Haxa h KOCMOca B005^e (hto MOxeT paccMaTpHBaTbca KaK nocnenyro^ee nepeHeceHHe npHHHHHO-cne^CTBeHHHx CBa3eH c xepTBeHHoro Tena Ha yHHBepcyM, c hhm OToxnecTBnaeMHË), bo-btophx, BHnycKaHHa xhbothhx, B-TpeTbHx, o5pa3a neTHpex CTopoH cBeTa, 3anaro^Hx ocHOBHHe KOop^HHaTH BceneHHOH, h, B-neTBeprax, Ha5opa ocHOBH^ix 3neMeHT0B npocTpaHCTBeHHoro Koaa 3ar0B0pH0H MoaenH MHpa; cm.: nod <...>
8 npH 3T0M Henb3a He OTMeTHTb to 05cT0aTenbCTB0, HTO h ÄaHHHe coflepxaTenbHHe 3neMeHTbi MoryT 5bTb conocTaBneHH c 05pa30M nopora, rpaHHUH: "aHaTOMHHecKOH" - npH OTceHeHHH, OTHyxaeHHH 5one3HH ot Tena HenoBeKa h "3K3HCTeHUHanbH0"-xp0H0n0rHHecK0H - npH pa3rpaHHHeHHH no npH3HaKy cTapmHH I MnaamHH.
06 O^HOM B03M0XH0M BOCTO^HOcaaBaHCKOM "npoTopmyaae" (Ha MarepHaae aaroBopHon TpaaHUHH)
KunapucoM cudum caMaMambnpeceamaaEozopoduua. flepwum Ona <...> mpu npyma <...>. Ydapm a nepeuM npymoM no cupbiM necaM, ydapw a dpyzuM npymoM no MxaM, no SonomaM: cupue neca crnamammca, Mxu-Sonoma cKoneSnmmca; pasSewamca Senue seepu zopnocmanu na ece na nemupe cmoponu! <...> Ydapm a mpembuM npymoM Senazo Mywa MypSuna! Aü, mu, Sen Myw MypSuno, caM mu Sen u Konb nod moSoü Sen; saeswaü u sanynaü co ecex nemupex cmopon, co cmoKa u sanada, u c nema u c cueepa: udume co ecex nemupex cmopon Senue seepu zopnocmanu; KaK udem connue u Mecau, u nacmue MenKue seesdu u eca nyna nodneSecnaa [BP3 298]9. Bepoarao, k HHcay ocTaTOHHbix ^opM Moryr 6biTb oraeceHbi Bce peaaraanHH MOTHBa pacceneHHa, He Haxoaa^He b TeKCTe KaKon-aH6o yaoBaeTBopH-TeabHOH npamaTHHecKOH MOTHBHpoBaHHOCTH, ho npH 3TOM aBHO coaepxa^He b ce6e cae^bi conyTCTBOBaBmHx hm (HaH hmh 3aMemeHHbix) pHTyaabHHx onepanHH Haa xepTBeHHHM TeaoM.
9 B «aHHOM KOHTeKCTe 0C06eHH0 BaxHO to 06cT0flTeabCTB0, qTO HMa nepcoHaxa - Xyp6nao - B.H.TonopoB npe«aaraeT paccMaTpHBaTb KaK TpaHc(opMa^ro HMeHH .flpHabi (cm.: [TonopoB 1993: 94-95]; cp.: [HBaHOB, TonopoB 1965: 177]), b B0cT0qH0caaBaHcK0M MH(0a0rH^ecK0M naHTeoHe oaH^TBoparo^eM co6on nao«opo«He h 0n0cpe«0BaHH0 cooTHoca^HMca c aro6oBHbiMH 3aroBopaMH, - npH tom, ito nepexHTKH KyabTa .flpHabi coxpaHHaHcb b mHp0K0 pacnpocTpaHeHHOM o6pa«e ero noxopoH, bo MHoroM cxo«hom c 06pa«0M noxopoH KocTpoMbi; cm., HanpHMep: [CHerHpeB 1839: 51-61]; [Tepe^eHKO 1848: 99-104]; [A(aHacbeB 1865: 439-457]; [E(HMeHK0 1869]; [3a6biaHH 1880: 80-83]; [3eaeHHH 1995: 269-271] h «p.; 0c06eHH0 cp.: [HBaHOB, Tono-poB 1965: 121-125 ca.; 1974: 180-193, 212-213 ca.]. OT«eabHbie KOHKpeTHbie (opMbi TaKHX 06pa«0B (cp., HanpHMep: [fflenH 1900: 367-370]) aBHO HanoMHHaroT xepTBonpHHomeHHe 3eMae HaH B0«H0My HcTO^HHKy, Ha ^to yxe o6pa^aaocb BHHMaHHe paHee - cm. MHeHHe fl.K.3eaeHHHa 06 o6pa«e noxopoH .flpHabi: «6biTb MoxeT, 3to MarH^ecKoe Bbi3biBaHHe ycHaeHHon np0H3B0«HTeabH0cTH 3eMaH, b K0T0pyro xopoHHTca MyxcKoe 0na0«0TB0paro^ee Haiaao?» [3eaeHHH 1995: 270]. - B «aHHOM KOHTeKcTe MoxeT paccMaTpHBaTbca h BcTpeiaro^Hnca b yKpaHHcKon necHe «pyron nepcoHax - XypHaa, paHee conocTaBaeHHbin c _HpHaon H.CyM^BbiM, b qacTHocTH, npe«aoxHBmHM paccMaTpHBaTb npoHcxox«eHHe XypHabi ot oco6oro BH«a xae6H0n nH^H - xypa; oh xe yKa3aa caaBaHcKHe "napaaaeaH" k 3T0My 6aro«y, b nepByro oqepe«b, noabcKHe, cooTHeca hx c (HrypHpyro^HM b 06pa«0Bbix necHax naHOM XypoBcKHM (Zurowski), KOToporo npe«aoxHa paccMaTpHBaTb KaK oaHueTBopeHHe 3Toro 6aro«a h xae6H0n nH^H B006^e; cm.: [Cy^OB 1885]. KpoMe 3Toro, aBTop conocTaBHa (HHaa yKpaHHcKon necHH (KydaMypbwo uwoe, Tydu HHMeHUK 3iuwoe, A KyduKcena uwm, Tydu nweHmrn siuwna [CyM^B 1885: 417]) c o«hhm H3 ycTon^HBbix neceHHbix npHeMOB noxeaaHHa ypoxaa, b K0T0pbix aHaaorH^Hbie onHcaHHa npHypo^eHbi k _HpHae, cBaTOMy neTpy HaH CnacHTearo; cm.: [CyM^B 1885: 425]. EaH3Kyro 6eaopyccKyro necHro b cBa3H c (Hrypon .flpHabi UHTHpyeT fl.K.3eaeHHH: A zdsewjoH Hazom, TaM xbtmo Kanom, A zd3exjoH hu 3upHe, TaM KoAac3au,beuu,e, - co ccbiaKon Ha n.^peBaaHcKoro (cm.: [flpeBaaHcKHn 1846: 21]) h 3aMeqaHHeM o tom, ^to «b to^hocth coo6^eHHn flpeBaaHcKoro moxho coMHeBaTbca» [3eaeHHH 1995: 270], - 0«HaK0 «0cT0BepH0cTb 3Toro TeKcTa no«TBepx«aeTca KaK 6oaee n03«HHMH, TaK h THnoaorHqecKH 6oaee mHpoKHMH «aHHHMH; cm.: [HBaHOB, TonopoB 1974: 181, 187-190, 212]. HaKOHe^ H.CyM^B npe«aaraeT paccMaTpHBaTb b KaqecTBe no3«Henmero 3aMecTHTeaa XypHaH 6baHHHoro HypHay naeHKOBH^a - ot: noaHHn, xopomo 3aKBameHHbin xyp [CyM^0B 1885: 428]. Heab3a He 3aMeTHTb, qTO npH aro6oM T0aK0BaHHH o6pa3 Xyp6HaH 0Ka3HBaeTca 0n0cpe«0BaHH0 coothochm c H«een nao«opo«Ha, ^to B03Bpa^aeT k o6^eMy K0cM006pa3yro^eMy opeoay UHTHpyeMoro 3aroBopa. E^e cy^ecTBeHHee tot (aKT, ^to npHMeHHTeabHO k caaBaHcKHM o6pa«aM, cBa3aHHHM c (HrypaMH .flpHabi, TeoprHa (EropHa,MpHa) h HabH moxho roBopHTb «o caoxHOM HanaacTOBaHHH h nepenaeTeHHH HecKoabKHX xpHcTHaHcKHX h a3bmecKHX KyabTOB, npHypoqeHHHX k 0«H0My h TOMy xe KaaeH«apH0My ^HKay» [HBaHOB, TonopoB 1974: 184], - npH^eM cBH«eTeabcTB0M HcKaroiHTeabHon «peBHocTH 3thx KyabTOB MoxeT, b qacTHocTH, BHcTynaTb onpe«eaeHHaa 6aH30cTb _HpHaH o6pa3y _HpoBHTa; cm.: [HBaHOB, TonopoB 1965: 121 ca.; 1974: 184185].
nnHHHTbie coKpameHHH
BP3 - [MaÔKOB 1869: 417-580], nH^poft o6o3HaneH nopaaKOBbift HOMep TeKCTa.
B03 - [Batckhh ^oabKnop 1994], nH^poft o6o3HaneH nopaaKOBbift HOMep TeKCTa.
3AC - [PoMaHOB 1891], phmckoh nH^poft o6o3HaneH HOMep pa3^eaa, apaôcKoft - HOMep TeKCTa BHyTpn Hero
HC - [E^HMeHKO 1878: 139-222], ôyKBoft o6o3HaneH pa3^ea côopHHKa, nH^poft -nopaflKOBHH HOMep TeKCTa BHyTpn Hero.
C3C - [floôpoBoabCKHH 1891: 166-215], nH^poft o6o3HaneHa CTpaHHna.
TPM - [AflOHbeBa, OBHHHHHKOBa 1993], i^H^poft o6o3HaneH nopaaKOBbift HOMep TeKCTa.
^HTepaTypa
AaoHbeBa, OBHHHHHKOBa 1993 - Tpaduu^uoHHan pyccKan Mazm e sanucxx KOHU,a XX eeKa. CaHKT-neTepôypr 1993.
A3aaoBCKHH 1914 - A3aaoBCKHH M. 3aroBopn aMypcKHx Ka3aKOB. "Mueancmapma". 1914. Bbin. III-IV.
ApmHHOB 1889 - ApmHHOB B.H. O Hapo^HOM aeneHHH b Ka3aHCKOM ye3^e. "H3eecmun HMn. 06wecmea jw6umejeû ecmecmeosHaHux, aHmponoiozuu u 9mHozpa$uu npu MocKoecKOM yHueepcumeme». T. LXI. «Tpydbi 9mHozpa$mecKozo omdeia". Kh. IX. C6ophuk ceedeHuu dm usyneHux 6uma KpecmbHHcKozo HaceieHux Poccuu. Bun. I (06uuHoe npaeo, o6pndu, eepoeaHm u np.). 1889.
A^aHacbeB 1865 - A^aHacbeB A. noammecrne eosspeHux cmenH Ha npupody: Onum cpaeHumeibHozo usyneHux cmeHHcmx npedaHuu u eepoeaHuu e cexsu c Mu$mecKuMu cmsaHuxMu dpyzux podcmeemux Hapodoe. T. I. MocKBa 1865 (penpHHT: MocKBa 1994).
BaôôypHH 1983 - BaftôypHH A.K. Muiuwe e o6pndax u npedcmaeneHmx eocmomux cmem. ^eHHHrpaa 1983.
BaftôypHH 1989 - BaftôypHH A.K. CeMHOTHnecKHe acneKTbi ^yHKanoHHpoBaHHa Bemeft. 9mmzpa$mecKoe usyneHueSHaKoeux cpedcme Kyjibmypu. ^eHHHrpaa 1989.
BaftôypHH 1993 - BaftôypHH A. H3 TecTa - noaaHHny, h3 aeBKH - MoaoflHuy. 3aMeTKH k onncaHHro onepannoHHoro naaHa oôpa^a. Mu$ojozmecKue npedcmaeieHm e HapodHoM meopnecmee. MocKBa 1993.
BoraTbipeB 1929 - BoraTHpeB n.r. MarnnecKHe aeftCTBHA, oôpa^H h BepoBaHHa 3aKapnaTbA (=Actes magiques, rites et croyances en Russie Subcarpatique. Paris 1929). BoraTHpeB n.r. Bonpocu meopuu Hapodmzo ucKyccmea. MocKBa 1971.
BnHorpaaoB 1915 - BnHorpaaoB r. CaMOBpaneBaHne h CKOToaeneHne y pyccKoro CTapoxnaoro HaceaeHHa Chôhph (MaTepnaaH no Hapo^Hoft MeannHHe h BeTepHHapnn). BocTonHaa chôhpH TynyHOBCKaa BoaocTb, HHXHeyflHHCKnft ye3fl, HpKyTCKaa ryôepHHA. "Muean cmapuHa". 1915. Bbin. IV.
BHHorpaaoBa, ToacTaa 1993 - BHHorpaaoBa .H.H., ToacTaa C.M. CHMBoamecKHft a3hk Bemeft: BeHHK (Mexna) b ctabflhckhx oôpaaax h BepoBaHH^x. CuMeoimecmû mshk mpaduuuoHHou Kyibmypu: EajKaHcKue nmeHun-II. MocKBa 1993.
Batckhh ^oabKaop 1994 - Bnmcmû $ojbKiop: 3azoeopme ucKyccmeo. KoTeabHHH, 1994.
rpHHneHKO 1895 - rpHHneHKO B.^. 3mHozpa$mecKue Mamepuaiu, co6paHHue e VepHuzoecKoû u cocedHux c Hem zy6epHmx. Bun. I. PaccKasu, npedaHm, nocioeuuu, sazadm u np. HepHHroB 1895.
Od oähom bo3moxhom BocTO^HocjaBaHcKOM "npoTopHTyaae" (Ha MaTepHaje aaroBopHOH Tpa^HUHH)
flepyHOB 1889 - flepyHOB C.^. Ha pyccKOÖ Hapo^HOH KocMoroHHH. "Hseecmrn HMn. O6w,ecmea nwôumeneû ecmecmeosHaHux, aHmponoiozuu u 9mHozpa$uu npu MocKoecKoM yHueepcumeme". T. LXI. "Tpydu 9mmzpa$mecKozo omdeia". Kh. IX. C6opHuK ceedeHuû dnn usyneHux 6uma KpecmbHHcKozo mceneHm Poccuu. Bun. I (O6biHHoe npaeo, o6pndu, eepoeaHm u np.). 1889.
^OdpOBOJbcKHH 1891 - ^OdpOBOJbcKHH B.H. CMOjeHcKHH 3TH0rpä^HHecKHH cdOpHHK H. I. "3anucKu HMn. PyccKozo zeozpa$unecKozo o6w,ecmea no omdeieHuw 9mHozpa$uu". T. XX. CaHKT-neTepdypr 1891.
flpeBjaHcKHH 1846 - ^peBjaHcKHH n. BejopyccKHe Hapo^Hbie npe^aHHa. "MypHan MuHucmepcmea HapodHozo npocenw^eHun". 1846. npHdaBjeHHa. Kh. 1.
EjeoHcKaa 1925 - EjeoHcKaa E.H. 3anHcH odbraaeB h odpa^OB Mockobckoh rydepHHH MoxaöcKoro yea^a. EjeoHcKaa E.H. CKasKa, sazoeop u Koidoecmeo e Poccuu. MocKBa 1994.
EjraapeHKOBa, TonopoB 1987 - EjraapeHKOBa T.^., TonopoB B.H. K cTpyKType AB X.2: onbiT TOJKOBaHHa b cBeTe Be^HÖcKOH arnponojorHH. Äumepamypa u Kyjibmypa dpeeHeû u cpedHeeeKoeoû HHduu. MocKBa 1987. E^HMeHKO 1869 - E^HMeHKO n.C. O ^pHje, aabraecKOM doxecTBe pyccKHx cjaBaH.
"3anucKu HMn. PyccKozo zeozpa^mecKozo o6w,ecmea no omdeieHuw 9mHozpa$uu". T. II. CaHKT-neTepdypr 1869.
E^HMeHKO 1877 - E^HMeHKO n.C. MaTepHajb no 3TH0rpa^HH pyccKoro HacejeHHa ApxaHrejbcKOÖ rydepHHH. H. 1. OnHcaHHe BHemHero h BHyTpeHHero dbTa. "Hseecmux HMn. O6w,ecmea Aw6umeneû ecmecmeosHaHux, aHmponoiozuu u 9mHozpa$uu npu MocKoecKoM yHueepcumeme". T. XXX. "Tpydu 9mHozpa$mecKozo omdeia". Kh. 5. Bun. 1. 1877.
E^HMeHKO 1878 - E^HMeHKO n.C. MaTepHajbi no STHorpa^HH pyccKoro HacejeHHa ApxaHrejbcKOÖ rydepHHH. H. 2. Hapo^Haa cjOBecHocTb. "HseecmuxHMn. O6w,ecmea Aw6umejeû ecmecmeosHaHux, aHmponoiozuu u 9mHozpa$uu npu MocKoecKoM yHueepcumeme". T. XXX. "Tpydu 9mHozpa$mecKozo omdeia". Kh. 5. Bun. 2. 1878.
3a6bLJHH 1880 - 3adbijHH M. PyccKuû Hapod, ezo o6unau, o6pndu, npedaHm, cyeeepm u no93u.n. MocKBa 1880 (penpHHT: MocKBa 1990).
3ar0B0pbi 1980 - 3ar0B0pbi nHHexcKoro p-Ha ApxaHrejbcKOÖ odj.. O6pndoean no9sux nurnwbH: Mamepuaiu $ojbKiopHux 9Kcneduuuû MFY e numwcKuû paûoH ApxaHzeibcKoû o6iacmu (1970-1972 zz.). MocKBa 1980.
3ejeHHH 1914-1916 - 3ejeHHH ^.K. OnucaHue pyKonuceû Ynemzo apxuea PyccKozo zeozpa^mecKozo o6w,ecmea. Bbin. I. neTporpa^ 1914. Bbin. II. neTporpa^ 1915. Bbin. III. neTporpafl 1916.
3ejeHHH 1991 - 3ejeHHH ^.K. BocmomocjaenHcmn 9mHozpa$un. MocKBa 1991.
3ejeHHH 1995 - 3ejeHHH ^.K. Hs6paHHue mpydu. Onepm pyccKoû Mu$oiozuu: Ynepmue HeecmecmeeHHoû cMepmbw upycaiKu. MocKBa 1995.
HBaHOB, TonopoB 1965 - HBaHOB Ban.Bc., TonopoB B.H. CiaemcKue nsuKoeue Modeiupyww,ue cemuommecme cucmemu (ffpeeHeûrnuû nepuod). MocKBa 1965.
HBaHOB, TonopoB 1974 - HBaHOB Ban.Bc., TonopoB B.H. HcciedoeaHua e o6iacmu cjaemcmx dpeeHocmeû: ÄeKcmecKue u tfipaseoiozmecme eonpocu peKoHcmpyKuuu meKcmoe. MocKBa 1974.
KoBajeHKO, MaHxypa 1891 - KoBajeHKO E., MaHxypa H. K Hapo^HOH Me^HUHHe MajopyccoB. "3mHozpa$mecKoe o6ospeHue". 1891. M 4.
.oceB 1925 - .oceB .. 3aroBopH HapoaHbie, 3anHcaHHbie b KyHrypcKOÖ OKpyre. "KyHzypcKO-KpacHoytfruMcmü Kpaü". 1925. N 2.
MaÖKoB 1869 - MaÖKoB .. BeaHKopyccKHe 3aKaHHaHHa. "3anucKU Hmh. PyccKozo zeozpaßmecKozo o6w,ecmea no omdeneHurn 9mHozpa$uu". T. II. CaHKT-neTep6ypr 1869.
MaaHHKa 1902 - C6ophuk Mamepuanoe no ManopyccKoMy $onbKnopy (VepHUzoecrnn, BonuHcKan, nonmaecKan u HeKomopue dpyzue zy6epHUu). Co6pan A.H.ManuHKa (KonndKU, w,edpoem, sazadKU, nocnoeuuu, sazoeopu, HapodHan MeduuuHa, npuMemu, paccKasu u cKasKU). HepHHroB 1902.
MaMaKHH 1892 - MaMaKHH H. 3aroBop ot aHxopaaKH, aHxoMaHKoö h KyMoxoö b npocToHapo^bH Ha3biBaeMoö. KaK oKypHBaroT HoBoTeabHbix kopob. "Muean cmapma". 1892. Bbin. III.
Mhhx 1890 - Mhhx A.H. HapodHue o6unau, o6pndu, cyeeepun u npedpaccydKU KpecmbnH CapamoecKoü zy6epHUu. CaHKT-neTep6ypr 1890.
Homhc 1864 - ykpaiHcKi npuKasKU, npucnievn u maKe UHrne. 36uphuku O.B.MapKoema u dpyzux. Cnopydue M.Homuc. CaHKT-neTep6ypr 1864.
no3HaHcKHÖ 1917 - no3HaHcKHÖ H. 3azoeopu: Onum uccnedoeaHun npoucxowdeHun u paseumun sazoeopHux $opMyn. neTporpaa 1917 (penpHHT: MocKBa 1995).
nponn 1986 - nponn B.^. Hcmopmecme kophu eonrne6mü cKasKU. .eHHHrpaa 1986.
PoMaHoB 1891 - PoMaHoB E.P. EenopyccKuü c6opHUK. Bun. V. 3azoeopu, anoKpu$u u dyxoeHue cmuxu. BnTe6cK, 1891.
CaBeabeB 1990 - Äene6Hue "Hazoeopu" npuaHzapcKozo Kpan us co6paHun AA.Caeenbeea. Coct. B...Knayc. MocKBa 1990.
CBemHHKoBa, D,HBbAH 1979 - CBemHHKoBa T.H., D,HBbAH T.B. K ^yHKqnaM nocyabi b BocTonHopoMaHcKoM ^oabKaope. dmHmecKan ucmopun eocmouHux poMaHuee: flpeemcmb u cpedHue eeKa. MocKBa 1979.
CeaHBaHoB 1886 - CeaHBaHoB A.H. 3THorpa^HnecKHe onepKH BopoHexcKoö ryöepHHH. Bopomwcmü w6uneüHuü c6opHUK:B naMnmb 300-nemun z. BopoHewa. T. 2. BopoHex 1886.
CHernpeB 1839 - CHerapeB H. PyccKue npocmoHapodHue npasdHUKU u cyeeepHue o6pndu. Bbin. IV. MocKBa 1839.
Coko^obh 1915 - Coko^obh E. h ro. CKasKU u necHU EenosepcKozo Kpan. CaHKT-neTep6ypr 1915.
CyMnoB 1885 - CyMnoB H.O. OnHT oGtacHeHHa MaaopyccKoö necHH o XypHae. "KueecKan cmapma". 1885. T. XII. Hroab.
Tepe^eHKo 1848 - TepemeHKo A. Eum pyccKozo Hapoda. Y. V npocmoHapodHue o6pndu. CaHKT-neTep6ypr 1848.
ToacTaa 1984 - ToacTaa C.M. noaeccKHfi HapoaHbrn KaaeHaapb. MaTepHaaH k 3THoflnaaeKTHoMy caoBapro (A-r). CnaenHcKoe u 6anKaHcKoe nsuKosHaHue: Msuk e amHoKynbmypHoM acneKme. MocKBa 1984.
ToacTaa 1992 - ToacTaa C.M. Mama npoTHB cMepTH. EanKaHcKue nmeHun-2: CuMnosuyM no cmpyKmype meKcma: Tesucu u Mamepuanu. MocKBa 1992.
Toacroö 1993 - ToacToö H.H. Eme pa3 o caaBaHcKoM pm-yaabHoM anaaore. CnaenHcKoe u 6anKaHcKoensuKosHaHue: CmpyKmypaManux tftonbKnopHux meKcmoe. MocKBa 1993.
TonopoB 1969 - TonopoB B.H. K peKoHCTpyKqHH HHaoeBponeöcKoro pmyaaa h pmyaabHo-no3THnecKHx ^opMya (Ha MaTepHaae 3aroBopoB). "Tpydu no smKoeurn cucmeMaM". Bbin. IV. 1969.
06 oähom bo3moxhom B0CT0qH0caaBaHCK0M "npoTopmyaae" (Ha MarepHaae aaroBopHon TpaaHUHH)
TonopoB 1979 - TonopoB B.H. 0 aByx THnax apeBHeHHaHÖcKHx TeKCTOB, TpaKTyro^Hx 0TH0meHHA nea0CTH0CTH-pacnaeHeHH0CTH h cnaceHHa. nepedneasuamcmü cöopnuK. Bun. 3: Hcmopux u (uioiozux cmpan dpeenezo Bocmom. MocKBa 1979. TonopoB 1983 - TonopoB B.H. np0CTpaHCTB0 h TeKCT. TeKcm: ceManmum u cmpyKmypa. MocKBa 1983.
TonopoB 1988 - TonopoB B.H. 06 0aH0M aaTHHCKOM 3ar0B0pe (Tabella defixionis in Plotium). K peKOHCTpyKUHH apxaHHHoro pHTyaabHoro "aHaTOMHnecKoro" npoTeKCTa. dmnoiumeucmuKa meKcma. CeMuomurn Maiux (opM (oibKiopa: Tesucu u npedeapumeibnueMamepuaiu k cuMnosuyMy. H. I. MocKBa 1988. TonopoB 1993 - TonopoB B.H. 06 HHaoeBponeftcKoft 3ar0B0pH0ö TpaaHnHH (H36paHHHe raaBbi). Hcciedoeanux e oöiacmu öajmociaexncKoü dyxoenoü Kyibmypu: 3azoeop. MocKBa 1993.
YcneHCKHÖ 1982 - YcneHCKHÖ B.A. ^uioiozmecmepasucmnux e oöiacmu crnemcmx
dpeenocmeü. MocKBa 1982. ffleÖH 1900 - BeiuKopycc e ceoux necnxx, oöpxdax, oöunaxx, eepoeanuxx, cKasKax, jiezendax u m.n.: Mamepuaiu, coöpamue u npueedennue e nopxdoK n.B.^eünoM. T. 1. CaHKT-neTep6ypr 1900.
fflHHaHH 1989 - fflHHaHH C.r. mh$ o coTBopeHHH MHpa h pyccKHe 3ar0B0pbi. "Hseecmux
Arndmuu nayKÄameCCP". 1989. N 10. fflHHaHH 1993 - fflHHaHH C.r. 0 bo3moxhom npHcyTcTBHH pe^aeKcoB apxaHnecKoro
pHTyaaa b pyccKHx 3ar0B0pax. "Ciaexnoeedenue". 1993. N 3. fflHHaHH 1996 - fflHHaHH C.r. CeMaHTHnecKaa TpaHc^opManHa apxamecKOH pmyaabHOö npaKTHKH b B0cT0HH0caaBaHcKHx 3ar0B0pax. Konuenm deuwenux e xsuKe u Kyibmype. MocKBa 1996. fflycTHKOB 1902 - fflycTHKOB A.A. npocTOHapoaHoe aeneHHe 6oae3Heö b KaaHHKOBcKOM ye3ae. "Mueax cmapuna". 1902. Bbin. II.
On the Possible East Slavic "Protoritual". Based on the Tradition of Invocation
Sergej Gennadievic Sindin
On the basis of Russian invocations the author reconstructs different phases of East Slavic mythology. His basic premise is that the Slavic invocative tradition reflects the most important elements of the Indo-European mythological tradition. In the course of his research he recapitulates the findings of V. V. Ivanov and V. N. Toporov.