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This war was different from all other wars that had taken place until then. It included 28 countries or three quarters of the humanity. The battles took place at sea, on land and, in the end, even in the air. The number of victims was larger than in any other war before that and amounted to 20 million. It lasted four years on the front line and in the rear, destroyed the largest empires, and influenced the successful Bolshevik revolution in Russia. It was also different because of the new military technical means. New types of weapons, aircraft, tanks, machine guns and gas have Povzetek Ključne besede Abstract 16 Sodobni vojaški izzivi/Contemporary Military Challenges changed the strategy and tactics of military units known to date. Together with its allies Germany and Italy, Austria-Hungary had been preparing for the war for twenty years, but the course of the war did not follow their plans. First, soldiers in "Slovenian" regiments bled on the front lines in Galicia, and, in 1915, the front line opened on the Slovenian national territory along the Isonzo River interfering both with military and civilian life on the Slovenian territory. At the end of the war, on the Slovenian territory, in particular in Maribor units were formed under the command of General Maister. They were formed in a similar way than the units before the war, but their composition differed completely, mainly in terms of the nationality structure and the chain of command. Slovenian armed forces were established; however, they began to vanish in the light of the armed forces and the administration of the new state immediately afterwards, just like other state institutions of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.