417 KB30 KB201020252025Cvenić, Josipletnik:16številka:2str. 165-176DOI:10.35469/ak.2025.535ISSN:2232-2620COBISSID_HOST:271144195URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-ZBV5BAV5enZnanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper, Annales ZRSAnnales kinesiologiae (Koper)athletics eventsevaluation scalemotor performancemotorične sposobnostiocenjevalna lestvicapredšolski otrocipreschool childrenrazlike med spolomasex differencesšportni dogodkiSex differences and performance evaluation in preschool athletic events| a study from the Olympic festival of kindergartens in Croatia|This study examined sex differences in motor performance among preschool children and proposed a preliminary, norm-referenced evaluation scale for selected athletic disci-plines within the Olympic Festival of Kindergartens. The sample consisted of 120 children (60 boys and 60 girls), approximately six years of age, representing the best-performing participants from county-level competitions conducted between 2007 and 2017. Motor performance was assessed in ball throwing, standing long jump, and the 50-m sprint. Sex differences were analysed using the independent samples t-test with effect sizes reported as Cohen’s d. Boys achieved significantly better results in ball throwing (t(118) = 6.51, p < 0.001, d = 1.19) and the 50-m sprint (t(118) = -2.07, p = 0.041, d = -0.38), indica-ting large and small-to-moderate effects, respectively. No significant sex difference was observed in the standing long jump (t(118) = 0.64, p = 0.521, d = 0.12). Comparisons with national datasets revealed similar performance patterns, confirming earlier findings of sex-related differences in explosive strength and speed during early childhood. The proposed five-level evaluation scale, derived from competitive performance distributions, provides a practical assessment framework for use in organized preschool sport settings. Given the selective nature of the sample and the absence of formal psychometric valida-tion, the scale should be considered preliminary and applicable primarily to physically active preschool children participating in competitive eventsŠtudija je proučevala razlike med spoloma v motoričnih sposobnostih predšolskih otrok in v njej je predlagana preliminarna, normativno utemeljena ocenjevalna lestvica za tri atletske discipline, vključene v olimpijski festival vrtcev. Vzorec je obsegal 120 otrok (60 fantov in 60 deklic), ki so bili stari približno šest let ter, izbrani na podlagi najboljših dosežkov na ravni okrožnih tekmovanj med letoma 2007 in 2017. Motorični dosežki so bili ocenjeni v metanju žoge, skoku v daljino z mesta in teku na 50 metrov. Razlike med spoloma so bile analizirane z neodvisnim t-testom, pri čemer so bili izračunani tudi učinki velikosti (Cohenov d). Fantje so dosegli statistično pomembno boljše rezultate v metanju žoge (t(118) = 6,51; p < 0,001; d = 1,19) in teku na 50 metrov (t(118) = -2,07; p = 0,041; d = -0,38), kar kaže na velik oziroma majhen do zmeren učinek. Pri skoku v daljino z mesta ni bilo ugotovljenih statistično pomembnih razlik med spoloma (t(118) = 0,64; p = 0,521; d = 0,12). Primerjava z nacionalnimi podatki je pokazala podobne vzorce, pri čemer fantje že v zgodnjem otroštvu izkazujejo boljše rezultate v nalogah, povezanih z eksplozivno močjo in hitrostjo. Predlagana petstopenjska ocenjevalna lestvica, oblikovana na podlagi tekmovalnih dosežkov, je praktično orodje za uporabo v organiziranih predšolskih športnih okoljih. Glede na selektivno naravo vzorca ter odsotnost formalnega preverjanja zanesljivosti in veljavnosti je treba lestvico obravnavati kot preliminarno in primerno predvsem za telesno aktivne predšolske otroke, vključene v tekmovalne športne programeTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverza na Primorskem, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper