415 KB0 KB201520252023Cerar, Miroletnik:16številka:2str. 247-266DOI:10.18690/mls.16.2.247-266.2023COBISSID_HOST:173182467ISSN:2463-7955URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-ZA9NCNHNenslUniversity of Maribor PressMedicine, law & societyethicsetikahumanenesshumanostmoralamoralityrule of lawtotalitarianismtotalitarizemvladavina pravaEthical perspective of the future development of law|Law, by its very nature, is human and humane. The humanity of law means that law is a product of man and is intended for man. The humaneness of law, however, means that human dignity and well-being must be the fundamental basis of law. Law, therefore, does not exist without a sufficient ethical foundation. The establishment of a state governed by the rule of law, and a legal culture based on it requires a particularly strong anchoring of law in ethical values. The greatest threats to ethics and law are (1) ethical deficits in areas of society on which law (co-)depends, (2) extreme authoritarian and totalitarian regimes, and (3) autonomous artificial intelligence capable of turning away from humans or even turning against and overcoming humans. In the first two cases, the humaneness of law is critically reduced or even extinguished; in the last case, both the humaneness and the humanity of law are extinguished, which is the worst possible scenario. All these dangers must be recognized in time and adequately averted, and regular efforts must be made to preserve the ethical values and the values of the rule of lawPravo je po svoji naravi človeško in humano. Človeškost prava pomeni, da je pravo izdelek človeka in je namenjeno človeku. Humanost prava pa pomeni, da morajo biti človekovo dostojanstvo in blagostanje temeljna osnova prava. Pravo tako ne obstaja brez zadostne etične podlage. Ustanovitev države, ki temelji na vladavini prava, in pravne kulture, ki temelji na njej, zahteva posebej močno ukoreninjenost prava v etičnih vrednotah. Največje grožnje etiki in pravu so (1) etični primanjkljaji na področjih družbe, od katerih je pravo (so)odvisno, (2) ekstremni avtoritarni in totalitarni režimi ter (3) avtonomna umetna inteligenca, ki je sposobna obrniti hrbet človeku ali se celo upreti in prevladati nad človekom. V prvih dveh primerih se humanost prava kritično zmanjša ali celo ugasne; v zadnjem primeru se ugasne tako humanost kot človeškost prava, kar je najslabši možen scenarij. Vse te nevarnosti je treba pravočasno prepoznati in ustrezno preprečiti ter si redno prizadevati za ohranjanje etičnih vrednot in vrednot vladavine pravaTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverza v Mariboru, Pravna fakulteta