2183 KB35 KB201620252020Tomažič, Luka Martinštevilka:2letnik:5str. 7-26ISSN:2464-0344COBISSID:24888323URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-Z1Y075YOslFakulteta za poslovne vedeRes novaeGuest, Stephenjusticenaravno pravonatural lawpravičnostteorija pravatheory of lawThomas AquinasGuestova naravopravna teorija| primerjava s Tomažem Akvinskim in skladnost s svetopisemskim pojmovanjem pravičnosti|The author of this article evaluates the natural law theory of Stephen Guest. The latter accepts the core of Dworkin's theory from Law's Empire, however, he criticizes the crucial importance of integrity. He puts the idea of justice in the core of his understanding of natural law. Guest's understanding is compared to the natural law of Aquinas. Guest successfully evades the Humean critique and acknowledges the existence of principles, which are above each positive legal order. In contrast to Aquinas, he neglects the idea of common good, since he advocates for understanding of justice as (merely) the equality of respect. At the same time, his theory encourages judicial activism and could lead to denying the value of an individual at the expense of the community. His conception of justice is narrower in comparison with the biblical understanding. Equality of respect, as the main regulatory ideal, can lead to injustice. The use of Kohlberg's test of morality shows that both biblical and Guest's understanding of justice are postconventional. Guest's conception can be classified under fifth and the biblical conception under the highest, sixth stage of moral development on the Kohlberg scaleAvtor obravnava naravnopravno teorijo Stephena Guesta. Slednji sprejema jedro Dworkinove teorije iz Cesarstva prava, vendar kritizira bistveni pomen integritete. V jedro svojega pojmovanja naravnega prava postavi idejo pravičnosti. Guestovo pojmovanje je primerjano z naravnim pravom Tomaža Akvinskega. Guest se uspešno izogne humeovski kritiki in priznava obstoj načel, ki presegajo zgolj vsakokratno pozitivnopravno ureditev. Za razliko od Tomaža sicer zapostavlja idejo občega dobrega, s tem ko zagovarja razumevanje pravičnosti kot (zgolj) enakosti spoštovanja. Njegova teorija hkrati spodbuja sodniški aktivizem na način, ki lahko vodi v zanikanje vrednosti posameznika na račun skupnosti. V primerjavi s svetopisemskim razumevanjem je njegovo pojmovanje pravičnosti ožje. Enakost spoštovanja kot glavni regulativni ideal lahko vodi v nepravičnost. Uporaba Kohlbergovega testa moralnosti pokaže, da sta tako svetopisemsko kot Guestovo razumevanje pravičnosti postkonvencionalni. Pri tem je Guestovo pojmovanje mogoče uvrstiti v peto, svetopisemsko pa v najvišjo, šesto stopnjo moralnega razvoja na Kohlbergovi lestviciTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaKatoliški inštitut, Fakulteta za pravo in poslovne vede