{"?xml":{"@version":"1.0"},"edm:RDF":{"@xmlns:dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","@xmlns:edm":"http://www.europeana.eu/schemas/edm/","@xmlns:wgs84_pos":"http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos","@xmlns:foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","@xmlns:rdaGr2":"http://rdvocab.info/ElementsGr2","@xmlns:oai":"http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/","@xmlns:owl":"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#","@xmlns:rdf":"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","@xmlns:ore":"http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/","@xmlns:skos":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#","@xmlns:dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","edm:WebResource":[{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-W9OHX412/a64d98e3-60a5-49e2-8740-4f63918138d0/HTML","dcterms:extent":"36 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-W9OHX412/01f6b296-b2b1-4f3f-865f-5a4499cbd766/PDF","dcterms:extent":"111 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-W9OHX412/030f9f37-3442-4079-82e1-3a2148ecb27b/TEXT","dcterms:extent":"35 KB"}],"edm:TimeSpan":{"@rdf:about":"1990-2025","edm:begin":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"1990"},"edm:end":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"2025"}},"edm:ProvidedCHO":{"@rdf:about":"URN:NBN:SI:doc-W9OHX412","dcterms:isPartOf":[{"@rdf:resource":"https://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:spr-JHEEX9FM"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Razprave in gradivo - Inštitut za narodnostna vprašanja (1990)"}],"dcterms:issued":"2007","dc:creator":"Schaeffer, Robert","dc:format":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"številka:52"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"str. 286-298"}],"dc:identifier":["ISSN:0353-2720","ISSN:0354-0286","COBISSID:10938957","URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-W9OHX412"],"dc:language":"en","dc:publisher":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Institute for Ethnic Studies"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Inštitut za narodnostna vprašanja"}],"dc:subject":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"državljanstvo"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Eritreja"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Etiopija"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"etnični konflikti"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"etnično čiščenje"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"imigracija"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"zakonodaja"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q986"}],"dcterms:temporal":{"@rdf:resource":"1990-2025"},"dc:title":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Laws of return and ethnic cleansing| the case of Eritrea and Ethiopia|"},"dc:description":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"In 1992, the Provisional Government of Eritrea published a Nationality Proclamation that offered citizenship to ethnic nationals who lived abroad in Diaspora communities. This law, like the 'Laws of Return' adopted by other countries (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Israel, and Germany), was designed to encourage immigration, a legitimate purpose. But because this Laws of Return also denied non-national ethnic residents the same rights offered to immigrants, and encouraged the emigration or exit of non-national ethnic residents, it was also discriminatory, which contributed to acrimony and conflict among ethnic groups in Eritrea and also in Ethiopia. When war broke out between Eritrea and Ethiopia in 1998, the Eritrean nationality proclamation was used by governments in both countries to rationalize the unlawful expulsion of non-national ethnic residents, depriving them of their rights and deporting them into involuntary exile. In this context, the law because a weapon of war, a legal instrument of ethnic cleansing for regimes in both Eritrea and Ethiopia. This paper compares laws of return in different countries and examines how they have been used to manage ethnic relations and regulate migration, giving particular attention to the case of Eritrea and Ethiopia"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Leta 1992 je začasna vlada Eritreje objavila Razglas o narodnosti, ki je ponudil državljanstvo rojakom, živečim v diaspori. Ta zakon, kakor tudi 'Zakoni o vrnitvi', ki so jih sprejele druge države (Estonija, Latvija, Litva,Izrael in Nemčija) je bil zasnovan z namenom vzpodbujati imigracijo, torej legitimnim namenom. Toda ker so ti zakoni hkrati odrekali prebivalcem države, ki so bili drugih narodnosti, enake pravice, kakor so jih ponujali imigrantom in so vzpodbujali emigracijo ali izselitev državljanov drugih narodnosti, so bili diskriminatorni, kar je prispevalo k nejevolji in konfliktom med etničnimi skupnostmi v Eritreji in tudi v Etiopiji. Ko je leta 1998 izbruhnila vojna med Eritrejo in Etiopijo, je razglasitev eritrejskega Razglasa o narodnosti služila vladama obeh držav, da sta uresničili nezakonit izgon državljanov drugih narodnosti, jim odvzeli njihove pravice in jih deportirali v neprostovoljno izgnanstvo. Tako je ta zakon postal vojno orožje,zakonito sredstvo etničnega čiščenja v režimih tako Eritreje kot Etiopije. Članek primerja zakone o vrnitvi iz različnih držav in raziskuje, kako so jih uporabljali za upravljanje etničnih odnosov in urejanje migracij, posebno pozornost pa posveča primeru Eritreje in Etiopije"}],"edm:type":"TEXT","dc:type":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"znanstveno časopisje"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"journals"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q361785"}]},"ore:Aggregation":{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:doc-W9OHX412","edm:aggregatedCHO":{"@rdf:resource":"URN:NBN:SI:doc-W9OHX412"},"edm:isShownBy":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-W9OHX412/01f6b296-b2b1-4f3f-865f-5a4499cbd766/PDF"},"edm:rights":{"@rdf:resource":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"},"edm:provider":"Slovenian National E-content Aggregator","edm:intermediateProvider":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"National and University Library of Slovenia"},"edm:dataProvider":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Inštitut za narodnostna vprašanja"},"edm:object":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/streamdb/URN:NBN:SI:doc-W9OHX412/maxi/edm"},"edm:isShownAt":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:doc-W9OHX412"}}}}