51 KB1002 KB50 KB197320132000Kos, Ivan23 straništevilka:63str. 95-117ISSN:0351-3114COBISSID:784550URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-R9TUWQ4EslInštitut za gozdno in lesno gospodarstvoUniverza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za gozdarstvo & Oddelek za lesarstvoZbornik gozdarstva in lesarstvabiodiversitybiogeografijabiogeographybiotska raznovrstnostdiverzitetaforestgozdSloveniaSlovenijaživalstvoNekatere značilnosti biotske pestrosti živalstva slovenskih gozdov| Some characteristics of animal biodiversity of Slovene forest|More than a half of the area of Slovenia is covered by forest, which is its most important natural heritage. Due to near-to-nature forest management, the forest is well-preserved, with developed plant and animal communities. Most Slovenian animal species live in the forest and their survival depends on the forest conditions.Species composition is not well known and only few animal groups are investigated in detail; for example mammals (Mammalia), birds (Aves), butterflies (Lepidoptera), spiders (Aranea), centipedes (Chilopoda), oribatid mites (Oribatida), earthworms (Lumbricidae) and some others. The results of these studies show high alpha and beta diversity, which are explained by preservation of forest ecosystems, by present and past climate events, by orographic and relief agitated landscape, heterogeneity of geological ground rock and soil types. Great species diversity of invertebrates and many endemic species of certain small areas are a consequence of the vicinity of refuges during certain climate periods. The fragmentation of populations in the past was followed by polyhotomous speciation. Biodiversity of forest landscape is endangered because of global changes and local management. The change of climate is the most important global change primarily affecting the vegetation. Humanity negatively affects forest biodiversity by fragmentation, which especially affects specialised forest species. Selective cutting and rejuvenation changes primary species composition, distribution and portion of the different development phases. It has also a great influence on the amount of dead biomassVeč kot polovico slovenskega ozemlja pokriva gozd, ki je najpomembnejša naravna dediščina. Zaradi sonaravnega gospodarjenja je dobro ohranjen, z bogato razvitimi rastlinskimi in živalskimi združbami. V njem prebiva večina slovenskih živalskih vrst in njihovo preživetje je odvisno od stanja gozda. Vrstno sestavo slabo poznamo, natančneje so na posameznih mestih obdelane le nekatere živalske skupine, kot so sesalci (Mammalia), ptice (Aves), metulji (Lepidoptera), pajki (Aranea), strige (Chilopoda), oribatide (Oribatida), deževniki (Lumbricidae) in druge. Rezultati teh obdelav kažejo na veliko alfa in gama diverziteto, ki ju razlagamo z ohranjenostjo gozdnih ekosistemov, današnjo klimo, orografsko in reliefno razgibano pokrajino, heterogenostjo geološke podlage in tal. Velika vrstna raznolikost nevretenčarjev in številne endemne vrste posameznih manjših območij so posledica bližine refugijev v posameznih klimatskih obdobjih. Fragmentacija populacij v preteklosti je pogojevala polihotomno speciacijo. Biodiverziteta gozdnate krajine je ogrožena zaradi globalnih sprememb in poseganja človeka. Klimatska sprememba je napomembnejša globalna sprememba, ki spreminja osnovno vegetacijsko sestavo.Človek negativno vpliva na biodiverziteto gozda s fragmentacijo gozda, pri čemer so prizadete predvsem specializirane gozdne vrste. S selektivno sečnjo in pomlajevanjem vpliva na osnovno vegetacijsko sestavo, razporeditev in deleže posameznih razvojnih faz ter na količino mrtve biomaseTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta