47 KB2069 KB39 KB199820252008Cruciani, FulvioNovelletto, AndreaPompei, FiorenzaScozzari, Rosariaštevilka:35letnik:35str. 55-64ISSN:1408-967XCOBISSID:38142562URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-OJ1RJVEDenOddelek za arheologijo Filozofske fakultete Univerze v LjubljaniDocumenta Praehistoricaarchaeologyarheologijačlovekdemografski razvojfilogenijahuman migrationJužna Evropamigracijeneolitikpaleolitikpopulacijska genetikaY kromosomzgodovinska demografijaPhylogeography of Y chromosomal haplogroups as reporters of neolithic and post-neolithic population processes in the Mediterranean area|The phylogeny of the human Y chromosome as defined by unique event polymorphisms is being worked out in fine detail. The emerging picture of the geographic distribution of different branches of the evolutionary tree (haplogroups), and the possibility of genetically dating their antiquity, are important tools in the reconstruction of major peopling, population resettlement and demographic expansion events. In the last 10 000 years many such events took place, but they are so close together in time that the populations that experienced them carry Y chromosomal types which can hardly be distinguished genetically. Nevertheless, under some circumstances, one can detect departures from the model of a major dispersal of people over much of the territory, as classically claimed for the European Neolithic. The results of three studies of haplogroups relevant for Southern European populations arediscussed. These analyses seem to resolve the signal of recent post-Neolithic events from the noise of the main East-to-West Palaeolithic/early Neolithic migrations. They also confirm that, provided an appropriate level of resolution is used, patterns of diversity among chromosomes which originated outside Europe may often be recognized as the result of discontinuous processes which occurred within EuropeFilogenija človeškega kromosoma Y, kot jo lahko preberemo skozi zaporedje polimorfizmov, je dobro poznana. Čedalje jasnejša slika geografskih distribucij posameznih vej evolucijskega drevesa (haploskupin) in možnosti njihovega genetskega datiranja so pomembna orodja pri preučevanju širjenja človeštva, premikov in širitev populacij. V zadnjih 10 000 letih se je zgodilo kar nekaj takih dogodkov, ki pa so si časovno tako blizu, da populacije, ki so bile vanje vpletene, nosijo tako zelo podobne Y kromosome, ki jih genetsko le težko razložimo med seboj. Kljub temu je moč pod nekaterimi pogoji opaziti razlike, ki se ločijo od klasičnega modela širjenja populacij, ki velja za evropski neolitik. Predstavljamo rezultate treh študij haploskupin južnoevropskih populacij. Analize so pokazale, da je moč iz šuma glavnih paleolitskih in neolitskih migracij iz vzhoda proti zahodu razločiti nekatere po-neolitske demografske dogodke. Študija tudi potrjuje, da je mogoče- ob dovolj visoki ločljivosti - nekatere vzorce kromosomov, ki izvirajo izven Evrope, pripisati seriji prekinjenih procesov znotraj EvropeTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta