389 KB85 KB201320252015Lutman, Karmenletnik:41številka:8str. 1537-1563ISSN:0353-6521COBISSID:14747985URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-NI9MAO6SslIUS SOFTWAREPodjetje in delopogodbepogodbeno pravoprenehanjeOdpad obogatitve pri prenehanju vzajemnih pogodb|The article analyses the consequences of void and rescinded contracts. It focuses on situations where a party of an invalid mutual contract has changed his position so that he is overall not enriched. Under German law, such cases are solved by the use of doctrine of the balance (Saldotheorie) or doctrine of two condictiones (Zweikondiktionenlehre), whereas this is covered by counter-restitution and change of position defences in English law. The first part of the article presents the institute of void contract, the process of rescission, and basis of German and English law of unjust(ified) enrichment. Both legal systems recognise the principle of enrichment so that a bona fide recipient is generally allowed to rely on disenrichment. However, due to the tie between performance and counter-performance, the disenrichment rule is restricted in case of an invalid mutual contract under some circumstances. In the second part, the author presents restitutional rules that apply to void and rescinded contracts under Slovenian law. The discussion is focused on the question, whether one party can rely on disenrichment, with the effect that one party must shift back its wealth while the other need notPrispevek obravnava posledice ničnih in razveljavljenih vzajemnih pogodb. Osredinja se na primere, ko ena od strank prejetega nima več in za njegovo vrednost tudi ni obogatena. V nemškem pravu take primere rešujejo s pomočjo teorije salda in teorije dveh kondikcij, v angleškem pravu pa z institutom nasprotne izpolnitve in ugovorom odpada obogatitve. Uvodoma sta predstavljena instituta ničnosti in izpodbojnosti pogodb ter temeljne značilnosti nemškega in angleškega prava neupravičene obogatitve. Oba pravna reda priznavata obogatitveno načelo in dobrovernemu prejemniku koristi omogočata, da se sklicuje na odpad obogatitve. Zaradi vzajemne narave dvostranskih pogodb je to pravilo v določenih primerih omejeno. Predstavljena je tudi slovenska ureditev vračanja na podlagi ničnih in razveljavljenih pogodb. Pri tem se prispevek osredinja na vprašanje, ali lahko pogodbena stranka od sopogodbenika zahteva vrnitev izpolnitve, medtem ko se sama sklicuje na odpad obogatitveTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of Slovenia