62 KB5189 KB57 KB198120222002Južnič, Stanislavštevilka:2/3letnik:229 stranistr. 29-37ISSN:0351-9716COBISSID:17037863URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-N8YH5DIEslDruštvo za vakuumsko tehniko SlovenijeVakuumistcrystallographykristalografijatekoči kristalizgodovinski preglediZgodovina raziskovanja tekočih kristalov| The history of liquid crystals research|The changes in the description of the liquid crystals was investigated that followed the research with physical methods in the beginning of the 20th century. The other sort of changes followed the use of the (thermotropic) liquid crystals as one of the most sophisticated technologies in the second part of the 20th century. Finally, the next stage of changes would be caused by the research of (lyotropic) liquid crystals in biochemistry, into which they are returning nowdays after more than a century of research in the solid state physics. A special concern was put on the research done in the Habsburg monarchy and in Ljubljana as a part of it. It is claimed that exceptionally quick acceptance of the early scientific research of the crystalography in Habsburg monarchy and in Carniola was connected with the mining industry in those areas. Some main researches leading to the discovery of the liquid crystals were performed in Habsburg monarchy. That research tradition was connected with the success of the contemporary research in Ljubljana of the phase transitions, especially with NMR, that influenced the modern description of liquid crystalsRaziskoval sem spremembe v opisu tekočih kristalov po raziskovanjih s fizikalnimi metodami na začetku 20. stoletja. Druga vrsta sprememb je sledila uporabi (termotropnih) tekočih kristalov kot eni najbolj naprednih tehnologij v drugi polovici 20. stoletja. Predvidevam, da bo naslednja stopnja sprememb sledila z raziskovanjem (liotropnih) tekočih kristalov znotraj biokemije, kamor se danes vrača po stoletju raziskovanj v fiziki trdne snovi. Posebno pozornost posvečamo začetkom raziskovanja kristalov v habsburški monahiji in v Ljubljani. Dokazujemo, da je bil hiter sprejem zgodnjega znanstvenega raziskovanja kristalov v habsburški monarhiji in na Kranjskem povezan z rudarjenjem v teh krajih. Pokazali smo, da so bile prav v habsburški monarhiji opravljene nekatere poglavitne raziskave, ki so pripeljale do odkritja tekočih kristalov. Prvič v zgodovinopisju smo dokazali, da je takšno raziskovalno tradicijo mogoče povezati z uspehi sodobnega raziskovanja faznih prehodov v Ljubljani,še posebno z NMR, ki so veliko prispevali k sodobnemu poznavanju tekočih kristalovTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaDruštvo za vakuumsko tehniko Slovenije