432 KB60 KB199220252008Knyazev, Gennady G.Slobodskaya, Helena R.Zupančič, Majaletnik:17številka:3str. 43-63ISSN:1318-1874COBISSID:1812055URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-LFNC646QenDruštvo psihologov SlovenijePsihološka obzorja (Ljubljana)childmedkulturne razlikemladostnikiosebnostotrocipersonalityrazlike med spolomaGender differences in child/adolescent personality traits| Slovene and Russians compared|The present study compared gender differences in parental perceptions of child personality trait expression across different age groups in Slovenia and Russia. The patterns of gender differences in adolescents were further explored using parent and self-rating methods of assessment. Employing the Inventory of Child Individual Differences (Halverson et al., 2003) reports on large samples of children/ adolescents (2 to 15 years) in both countries were obtained. Gender differences were small and similar across countries, and their patterns were closer to each other for the same data source across countries than they were for the two sources of information within the country. The parents in both countries concurred in rating daughters as somewhat more achievement orientated, compliant, considerate, and organized, whereas sons were assessed as slightly more active, antagonistic, and distractible. At the higher-order trait level, girls were perceived to be more conscientious and agreeable relative to the boys, especially from middle childhood onwards. Regarding self-reports, adolescent girls also scored significantly higher on Considerate and Positive Emotions scales than boys, while the former reported on higher agreeableness relative to the latter in Slovenia only. Gender differences were evident even in parental assessments of the youngest group but they did not systematically increase over children's ageV raziskavi smo primerjali razlike med spoloma, kot se odražajo skozi starševo zaznavo izraznosti osebnostnih potez pri različno starih skupinah slovenskih in ruskih otrok/mladostnikov. Vzorce razlik med spoloma v zgodnjem mladostništvu smo preučevali tudi z dvema metodama, s starševo oceno osebnosti njihovih otrok in s samooceno mladostnikov. Z Vprašalnikom medosebnih razlik med otroki (Halverson idr., 2003) smo zbrali podatke o velikih vzorcih ciljnih posameznikov (starih od 2 do 15 let) v Sloveniji in Rusiji. Razlike med spoloma so bile majhne in podobne v obeh deželah. Vzorci teh razlik, ugotovljeni z isto metodo pridobivanja podatkov, so bili bolj podobni med deželama kot vzorci razlik, ki so v posamezni deželi temeljili na podatkih, zbranih z različnima metodama. Slovenski in ruski starši so na splošno hčerkam pripisali nekoliko višjo raven usmerjenosti k dosežku, ugodljivosti, obzirnosti in organiziranosti kot fantom, ki so jih ocenili kot nekoliko bolj dejavne, nasprotovalne in odkrenljive. Na ravni robustnih osebnostnih potez pa so dekleta opisali kot bolj vestna in sprejemljiva v primerjavi s fanti, zlasti od obdobja srednjega otroštva dalje. Mladostnice so se v obeh deželah ocenile značilno višje glede obzirnosti in pozitivnega čustvovanja v primerjavi z mladostniki, medtem ko so prve le v Sloveniji poročale o značilno višji ravni sprejemljivosti kot fanti. Razlike med spoloma so se pokazale že v starševih ocenah najmlajše skupine otrok, vendar se niso sistematično povečevale s starostjo ciljnih posameznikovTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaDruštvo psihologov Slovenije