167 KB51 KB199020252010Beširević, Natašaštevilka:61str. 42-61ISSN:0354-0286COBISSID:11595597URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-KTCKFMYKenInstitute for Ethnic StudiesInštitut za narodnostna vprašanjaRazprave in gradivo - Inštitut za narodnostna vprašanja (1990)BalkanBalkansetnični konfliktiJugoslavijanacionalizemnacionalne državenationalismYugoslaviaEthnic conflicts in the former Yugoslavia as a consequence of nation-state building|This paper deals primarily with exploring the connection between the creation of nation states, on the one hand, and, on the other, ethnic cleansing and violence in the former Yugoslavia. It argues that the process of creation of nation states in the former Yugoslavia was an inevitable political process, whereas the ethnic strife, violence and genocide were not a "natural" part of that process. Ethnic intolerance did not increase before the war, but it did dramatically increase during the conflict and this increase provides counter-evidence to theories about ethnic hatred. It was certain political élites who provoked ethnic cleansing, primarily by the manipulation of public images, in order to win or keep power. This argument uses instrumentalism as the theory of ethnic conflicts, but other ethnicity theories are briefly introduced in the first part of the paper as well. The argumentation in the second part is based on an analysis of the creation of nation states and the appearance of nationalism in the Western Balkans. It explains the inescapability of the disintegration of socialist federations and the creation of independent states and through empirical research shows that ethnic hate was not dominant, whereas nationalism was extremely strong and finally became the main alternative to evanescent socialismČlanek se primarno ukvarja z raziskovanjem povezave med oblikovanjem nacionalnih držav na eni strani ter etničnim čiščenjem in nasiljem v nekdanji Jugoslaviji na drugi strani. Članek trdi, da je bil proces oblikovanja nacionalnih držav na območju nekdanje Jugoslavije neizogibno politični proces,v nasprotju z etničnimi spopadi, nasiljem in genocidom, ki niso bili naraven del tega procesa. Etnična nestrpnost pred vojno ni bila opazna, pač pa se je dramatično povečevala med konflikti in negativno zaznamovala teorije o etničnem sovraštvu. Avtorica dokazuje, da so etnično čiščenje izzvale določene politične elite, predvsem z manipuliranjem javnega mnenja in namenom pridobitve in ohranitve oblasti. Ta argument uporablja instrumentalizem kot teorijo etničnih konfliktov, vendar so tudi druge teorije etničnosti na kratko predstavljene v prvem delu članka. Argumentacija v drugem delu članka temelji na analizi oblikovanja nacionalnih držav in pojava nacionalizma na zahodnem Balkanu. Avtorica pojasnjuje neizogibnost dezintegracije socialističnih federacij in ustanovitve neodvisnih držav in skozi empirične raziskave dokazuje, da pred vojno etnično sovraštvo ni bilo dominantno, medtem ko je bil nacionalizem izjemno močan in je nenazadnje postal glavna alternativa propadajočemu socializmuTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaInštitut za narodnostna vprašanja