393 KB0 KB199920252000Petkovšek, Gregorletnik:18številka:28str. 41-60ISSN:1581-0267COBISSID_HOST:1840993URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-K6I0UGHNenslFakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijoActa hydrotechnicadistributed modelserozija talmodeli s porazdeljenimi spremenljivkamiodplavljanjeprocesno utemeljeno modeliranjeprocess based modellingsediment yieldsoil erosionProcesno utemeljeno modeliranje erozije tal| Process based soil erosion modelling|The paper presents an overview of process based methods for soil erosion modelling. In the introduction, the history and the reasons for soil erosion modelling in the fields of agriculture and civil engineering are given. Then an overview of erosion processes, modelling concepts and equations follow. The processes of rill and interrill erosion, splash erosion, detachment and transport capacity of overland and rill flow, and channel initiation are described. The interrelations between the processes and the corresponding mathematical formulations are explained. Further, the paper presents and comments on the traditional methods used for soil erosion prediction, such as USLE and the Gavrilović equation. Also, three recently developed process based models are presented: the American WEPP, the Hollandese LISEM and the Australian TOPOG model. The structure of the models is emphasized, as well as the processes incorporated. The aims and possible applications are describedČlanek podaja pregled procesno utemeljenih metod za modeliranje erozije tal. Vuvodu so podani zgodovina in razlogi za modeliranje erozije tal na področjih kmetijstva in gradbeništva. Nato sledi pregled procesov erozije, konceptov modeliranja in enačb. Opisani so procesi žlebične in medžlebične erozije, pljuskovna erozija, sproščanje in premeščanje površinskega toka in toka v žlebičih ter nastanek kanalskega toka. Razloženi so medsebojni vplivi med posameznimi procesi in matematična formulacija teh vplivov. V nadaljevanju so predstavljene in komentirane tradicionalne metode napovedovanja sproščanja zemljin, kot sta USLE in Gavrilovićeva enačba. V poglavju o modernih metodah pa so predstavljeni trije novejši procesno utemeljeni modeli: ameriški WEPP, nizozemski LISEM in avstralski model TOPOG. Pri vsakem je poudarjena struktura modela ter procesi, vključeni v model. Opisan je tudi namen in možnosti uporabeTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo