691 KB50 KB196520252020Spruk, Jureštevilka:1letnik:57str. 250-266, 415-416ISSN:0040-3598COBISSID_HOST:36671581URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-K32K2982slVisoka šola za politične vedeTeorija in praksaLastninaMagna CartaPolitical interestsPolitical powerPolitična močPolitični interesiPropertyVelika listina svoboščinPolitološka interpretacija Magne Carte| k razumevanju politične razsežnosti dokumenta|The article considers how one of the most important documents in history - Magna Carta Libertatum - is understood politically. The author places the document's origin in the context of the monarch's tendency to arbitrarily reach into the private property of the nobility, triggering a political process of rearranging the constellation of political power in English society. Contextualisation of the document shows that the rebellious nobility's demands did not include any revolutionary rearrangements of the equilibrium between the political power held by the king and the nobility, although by clearly referring to the "good" old law their intention was to formally reestablish the equilibrium that was in place hundreds of years before. In their nature, these claims are progressive conservative as much as they tend to secure feudal privileges for the nobility, yet from the aspect of the bourgeoisie's interest they appear to be a basis for the further development of capitalism. Contextualisation and political interpretation help dismantle a myth concerning the Magna Carta whereby the role of interests and power is exposed in creating the document while at the same time it implicitly reveals the complex relationship between law and politics in society. The authors of the Magna Carta did not intend to develop the legal instruments that emerged hundreds of years later when the rebellion against the feudal monarchy was led by the bourgeoisie and modern natural law included the idea of universal human rightsV članku je obravnavana tematika politološkega razumevanja enega ključnih dokumentov v zgodovini - Magne Carte Libertatum. Avtor nastanek dokumenta umesti v kontekst tendence monarha po arbitrarnem poseganju v zasebno lastnino plemstva, s čimer je bil sprožen političen proces spreminjanja razmerij politične moči v angleški družbi. Umestitev dokumenta v kontekst nastanka pokaže, da zahteve upornega plemstva niso terjale revolucionarnega preurejanja ravnotežja med politično močjo kralja in plemstva, temveč so s sklicevanjem na starodavno pravično pravo formalno želeli kraljevo moč povrniti v ravnovesje izpred stoletij. Tovrstne zahteve so po svoji naravi progresivno konservativne, v kolikor je bil temeljni smoter teh zahtev v varovanju fevdalnih privilegijev plemstva, obenem pa se z vidika meščanskega interesa kažejo kot nastavki za nadaljnji razvoj kapitalizma. Kontekstualizacija dokumenta in njegova politološka interpretacija prispevata k demitologizaciji dokumenta, s čimer razkrivata vlogo interesa in moči pri snovanju dokumenta, obenem pa implicitno razkrivata kompleksnost razmerja med pravom in politiko v družbi. Snovalcev Magne Carte namreč ni vodil namen po vpeljavi pravnih institutov, ki so se pojavili, ko je upor proti fevdalni monarhiji stoletja kasneje vodilo meščanstvo in se je v okvirih modernega naravnega prava izčistila ideja univerzalnosti človekovih pravicTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za družbene vede