355 KB50 KB199420242000Bučar, Bojkoštevilka:1letnik:7str. 91-105ISSN:1318-3222COBISSID:19741277URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-K0E846UFenEvropski inštitut za komuniciranje in kulturoJavnost (Ljubljana)človekove pravicehuman rightsinformiranjejavna upravajavne službejavni sektorjavno obveščanjepravica do zasebnostiprivacypublic sectorUnited States of AmericazaposlenizasebnostZDAThe invasion of privacy of public officials in early United States jurisdiction|The article first investigates the origins of the right to privacy, its principles and scope as well as limitations, focusing on the issue of public officials. In the case of public officials the invasion of the right to privacy is virtually unlimited if exercised by the mass media (i.e. the public), yet is somewhat curtailed if exercised by the government. Underneath the reasoning seems to lie the functional test of the right of the public to know and the rationality and reasonableness of the government to prescribe. There seems to be no time limitation to this rule. As to the issue of who is a public official the definition seems to be rather broad and enshrines practically all individuals in public service, in other words those paid by the taxpayers. Less known are however certain limitations of the right to invade privacy of public officials. The government always has to have narrow, reasonable and rational grounds to invade privacy, well provided for by statutes. Protected seems to be also something that comes close to a property right or if basic moral values are jeopardised. However, moral standards change in time. It is always the wisdom of the courts to determine the scope of the right to privacy of public officials, weighing the issue with the paramount right of the public to be informed. The dicta and the holdings of US courts are certainly of relevance for European legislatures, especially in CEECsČlanek obravnava pravico do zasebnosti in njene omejitve v sodni praksi v ZDA. Obravnava nastanek, načela, obseg in omejitve pravice do zasebnosti s posebnim ozirom na javne uslužbence. V primeru javnih uslužbencev je pravica množičnih medijev oz. javnosti do poseganja v zasebnost skoraj neomejena, delno pa je omejena, ko gre za vlado. V ozadju obrazložitev se kaže funkcionalni preskus pravice javnosti do informacij ter racionalnost in razumnost vlade pri poseganju v zasebnost. Kaže, da časovnih omejitev ni. Definicija javnega uslužbenca je dokaj široka in zajema praktično vse posameznike v javni službah oz. tiste, ki jih plačujejo davkoplačevalci. Manj so znane določene omejitve pravice do poseganja v zasebnost javnih uslužbencev. Vlada mora vedno imeti ozke, razumne in racionalne razloge za poseganje v zasebnost, natančno določene v zakonih. Zaščiteno je tudi nekaj, kar spominja na lastninsko pravico. Celo javni uslužbenci imajo pravico do zasebnosti, ko gre za uporabo posameznikovega imena brez njegovega soglasja zadobrodelne ali reklamne namene ali za kandidiranje. Poleg tega je zaščitena njihova pravica do zasebnosti tudi, kadar so ogrožene temeljne moralne vrednote. Ker se moralne vrednote v času spreminjajo, je vedno prepuščeno presoji sodišča, da v luči pomembne pravice javnosti do informacije določi obseg pravice do zasebnosti javnih uslužbencevTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaEvropski inštitut za komuniciranje in kulturo - EURICOM