389 KB0 KB200620262026Balabanič, DamjanMurtič, EmilioSavšek, Tomažštevilka:1-2letnik:93str. 79-89ISSN:0013-5852COBISSID_HOST:280866563URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-I62YZY4MslElektrotehniška zveza SlovenijeElektrotehniški vestnikdismantlinghigh-voltage lithium-ion batteriesponovna uporabarazgradnjareciklažarecyclingreusevisokonapetostne Li-ion baterijeRazgradnja in reciklaža visokonapetostnih Litij-ionskih baterij iz vozil na električni in/ali hibridni pogon|The article discusses the topic of high-voltage lithium-ion (Liion) batteries (LIB), which have become a key component in electric and/or hybrid vehicles due to their performance, reliability and long life. Due to the increasing use of these batteries, the need for efficient management of them at the end of their life cycle is also increasing, which opens up technical, environmental and legislative challenges. The purpose of the article is to comprehensively analyze the possibility of reuse, dismantling and recycling of high-voltage LIBs from electric and/or hybrid vehicles and to investigate the impact of the legislative framework on their treatment. A comparison of different methods of recycling high-voltage LIBs (direct, pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods), an analysis of the possibility of reuse (second-life) and a review of industrial practices are presented. It was found that the reuse of batteries allows for a significant extension of their life cycle and a reduction in the environmental footprint, while direct recycling represents the most sustainable solution, but is still technologically under development. In addition to the technological challenges, legislative issues were also highlighted, particularly the differences in how European legislation is implemented across EU member states. The paper thus combines theoretical analysis, technological insights and the legislative framework into a comprehensive treatment of the problemČlanek obravnava tematiko visokonapetostnih litij-ionskih (Li-ion) baterij (LIB), ki so zaradi svoje zmogljivosti, zanesljivosti in dolge življenjske dobe postale ključna komponenta v električnih in/ali hibridnih vozilih. Zaradi naraščajoče uporabe teh baterij se povečuje tudi potreba po učinkovitem ravnanju z njimi ob koncu njihove življenjske dobe, kar odpira tehnične, okoljske in zakonodajne izzive. Namen prispevka je celovito analizirati možnost ponovne uporabe, razgradnje ter reciklaže visokonapetostnih LIB iz vozil na električni in/ali hibridni pogon ter raziskati vpliv zakonodajnega okvira na njihovo obravnavo. Predstavljena je primerjava različnih metod reciklaže visokonapetostnih LIB (neposredna, pirometalurška in hidrometalurška metoda), analiza možnosti ponovne uporabe (second-life) in pregled industrijskih praks. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da ponovna uporaba baterij omogoča znatno podaljšanje njihove življenjske dobe in zmanjšanje okoljskega odtisa, neposredna reciklaža pa predstavlja najbolj trajnostno rešitev, a je tehnološko še v razvoju. Poleg tehnoloških izzivov so bila izpostavljena tudi zakonodajna vprašanja, kjer so poudarjene razlike v implementaciji evropske zakonodaje v državah članicah. Prispevek tako združuje teoretično analizo, tehnološke vpoglede in zakonodajni okvir v celovito obravnavo problemaTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaElektrotehniška zveza Slovenije