579 KB36 KB200820252019Grabner, PetraŠuc, LeaVidmar, Gajletnik:18str. 95-102številka:supl. 1ISSN:1580-9315COBISSID_HOST:2636649URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-G6E83ZYHslUniverzitetni rehabilitacijski inštitut Slovenije - SočaRehabilitacija (Ljubljana)delovna terapijadomače okoljeenvironmental assessmenthome environmenthome visitsobisk na domuOccupational therapypoškodba hrbtenjačeprilagoditev okoljarehabilitationSpinal Cord Injuriesspinal cord injuryPrilagoditve domačega okolja - uporaba ocenjevalnega instrumenta ocena potencialnih ovir v domačem okolju (OPODO) pri osebah z okvaro hrbtenjače| Home adaptations - using the housing enabler assessment tool with patients with spinal cord injury|Background: Assessments of the home environment and the patient's abilities to live independently after discharge from the hospital are an important part of the occupational therapy assessment. Yet, there is a shortage of standardised and reliable assessment methods for this field. Internationally, the Housing Enabler (HE) proved to be a valid and reliable screening tool for the assessment of barriers in the home environment and the surrounding areas. Methods: The HE was translated into Slovenian language and administered with 30 patients with a spinal cord injury. The patients were divided into three groups, 10 patients in each group: (1) home visit was completed with the patient, (2) home visit was completed without the patient, (3) the occupational therapist gave recommendations based on photographs. Using descriptive statistics, we analysed the frequency of environmental barriers. The three groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance and the exact Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: In the section on the outdoor environment, access to the building was the most frequently mentioned barrier, with 73% of the participants having uneven surfaces leading to their building. The entrances section most often mentioned that the stairs did not meet the criteria regarding the bannister (70%) and/or there was a high curb at the front door. In the indoor environment section, the most often mentioned barrier was that the controls and home appliances were operated by hands. There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups. Conclusions: The HE enables data collection that could be useful when planning and evaluating occupational therapy treatment. Additional training is required before using the instrument. We need to explore how to advise patients and their families regarding the adaptations of the home environment in the most efficient wayIzhodišča: Ocena domačega okolja in sposobnosti pacienta za samostojno življenje po odpustu iz bolnišnice je pomemben del delovno-terapevtske ocene. Vendar pa na tem področju primanjkuje standardiziranih in zanesljivih ocenjevalnih metod. Presejalni test Ocena potencialnih ovir v domačem okolju (OPODO) se je v tujini izkazal za veljaven in zanesljiv instrument na področju ocenjevanja ovir v domačem okolju in bližnji okolici. Metode: Test smo prevedli v slovenščino in uporabili pri tridesetih pacientih z okvaro hrbtenjače. Razdeljeni so bili v tri skupine, v vsaki je bilo 10 pacientov: (1) opravljen je bil obisk na domu skupaj s pacientom, (2) izveden je bil obisk na domu brez pacienta, (3) delovni terapevt je svetoval o prilagoditvah na podlagi slik. S pomočjo opisne statistike smo analizirali podatke o pogostosti ovir v domačem okolju. Za primerjavo med skupinami smo uporabili enosmerno analizo variance in eksaktno obliko testa Kruskala in Wallisa. Rezultati: Pri sklopu zunanje okolje je bilo najbolj izpostavljeno področje dostopa do hiše, saj so pri 73 % udeležencev do stavbe speljane neravne in neenakomerne površine. Pri sklopu vhodi je bilo najpogosteje navedeno, da stopnice niso izpolnjevale ustreznih meril glede ograje (70 %) in/ali so bili ob vhodu visoki pragovi (63 %). Pri notranjem okolju pa je bilo najpogosteje navedeno, da je bila za upravljanje stikal in pripomočkov potrebna uporaba rok. Med skupinami ni bilo statistično značilnih razlik. Zaključki: Instrument OPODO omogoča zbiranje podatkov, ki bi bili lahko koristni pri načrtovanju in vrednotenju delovno-terapevtske obravnave. Za uporabo OPODO je potrebno dodatno izobraževanje. Potrebno bo preučiti, kako najbolj učinkovito svetovati pacientom in njihovim družinam v zvezi s prilagoditvijo domačega okolja pred odpustom iz bolnišnične rehabiltacijeTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverzitetni rehabilitacijski inštitut RS – Soča