49 KB12684 KB43 KB193820262006Torelli, Niko15 straništevilka:5/6letnik:64str. 246-252+269-276ISSN:0017-2723COBISSID:1705126URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-E1IV0TUOslZveza društev inženirjev in tehnikov gozdarstva in lesarstva SlovenijeGozdarski vestnikdimenzijska stabilnostizvor imenalesne lastnostimahagoniohranitevSwietenia spp.teksturezgodovina rabeMahagoni (Swietenia spp.) - naravna in kulturna zgodovina|Described are the systematics of the genus Swietenia and the origin of the name "mahogany". The history of use and characteristic features of mahogany are shown, with an emphasis on figure and dimensional stability. The microscopic structure and the difficulty of positive xylotomic identification are described in more detail. Following the almost complete extinction of Spanish or Cuban mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.), Honduras or Mexican mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) is also endangered, especially in the northern border of its areal (Central America, Mexico). The Lacandon sustainable use of the rain forest is described, as is end-use grouping of wood species as an alternative to detrimental highly selective felling. Due tothe excellent reputation of mahogany, attempts have been made to unjustifiedly and non-professionally name wood having a similar appearance, such as reddish colour of heartwood, radial ribbon figure due to interlocked grain, etc. Both properties are fairly common in tropical species, therefore the "list of mahoganies" is so long (Table 1). All three species of mahogany are listed in the IUCN Red List and in CITES Appendix IIOpisana je sistematika rodu Swietenia in nastanek imena "mahagoni". Prikazanaje zgodovina rabe in izstopajoče lastnosti mahagonija, predvsem teksture in dimenzijska stabilnost. Podrobnejše je opisana mikroskopska zgradba in problematika zanesljive ksilotomske identifikacije. Po skorajda popolnem uničenju otoškega mahagonija (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.) je ogrožen šecelinski mahagoni (Swietenia macrophylla King), zlasti na severnem robu svojega areala (Sred. Amerika, Mehika). Opisana je Lakandonska trajnostna rabadeževnega gozda in grupiranje lesnih vrst po relevantnih lastnostih glede na končno uporabo (end-use-grouping) kot alternativa škodljivi visokoselektivni (highly selective felling) sečnji. Zaradi odličnega slovesa, ki ga ima mahagoni, skušajo z njegovim imenom neupravičeno in nestrokovno poimenovati lesove s podobnim videzom kot je na pr. rdečkasta barva jedrovinein progasta radialna tekstura zaradi izmenične zavite rasti. Obe lastnosti sta dokaj razširjeni med tropskimi vrstami, zato je tudi seznam "mahagonijev" tako dolg. Vse tri vrste mahagonija so uvrščene na Rdeči seznamIUCN in v CITES append. IITEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaZveza gozdarskih društev Slovenije