2144 KB23 KB200820262018Mihovilovič, MihaŠirca, Simonštevilka:2letnik:65str. 60-69ISSN:0473-7466COBISSID:18490713URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-3QJT8KF3slDruštvo matematikov, fizikov in astronomov SlovenijeObzornik za matematiko in fizikogluonijedrska fizikakvantna kromodinamikakvarkisipanjeVloga gluonov v globoko neelastičnem virtualnem comptonskem sipanju|Details on the internal structure of the proton are puzzling scientists since the beginnings of nuclear physics. Soon after the pioneering measurements of Robert Hofstadter, who discovered that the proton is not a point-like particle, the follow-up experiments revealed its complicated structure and paved the way for quantum chromodynamics, the theory of quarks and gluons. The dynamics of these fundamental constituents of the proton and of the way they influence its properties, are nowadays described by generalised parton distribution functions. They are used to characterise the position and momentum distributions of the constituents, allowing us to construct a holographic image of the proton. A part of this image can be obtained by investigating deeply virtual Compton scattering. In the paper we describe one such measurement which confirmed the presently accepted description of proton structure and exhibited an intriguing sensitivity to gluonsPodrobnosti zgradbe protona zaposlujejo znanstvenike že od samih začetkov jedrske fizike. Kmalu zatem, ko je Robert Hofstadter s pionirskimi meritvami elastičnega sipanja elektronov ugotovil, da proton ni točkast, so poskusi razkrili zapleteno zgradbo protona in pomagali vzpostaviti teorijo kvarkov in gluonov, imenovano kvantna kromodinamika. Kakšna je dinamika teh osnovnih gradnikov protona in kako vplivajo na njegove lastnosti, danes opisujemo s posplošenimi partonskimi porazdelitvami, primernimi za opis porazdelitve lege in gibalne količine posameznih gradnikov. Tako si lahko ustvarimo nekakšno holografsko podobo protona, del te slike pa je mogoče izpolniti z meritvijo comptonskega sipanja. V članku opisujemo tovrstno meritev v globoko neelastičnem režimu, s katero smo potrdili trenutno sprejeti opis zgradbe protona in jasno identificirali vpliv gluonovTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaDruštvo matematikov, fizikov in astronomov