212 KB40 KB201320252022Hojnik, Janjaletnik:48številka:6/7str. 1168-1179ISSN:0353-6521COBISSID_HOST:128464131URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-2MP2C1ISslLEXPERAPodjetje in deloattacks on journalistsdisinformationfinanciranje medijevfreedom of speechlastništvo medijevlažne informacijemedia freedommedia fundingmedia ownershipnapadi na novinarjesvoboda govorasvoboda medijevKrepitev medijske svobode v EU|The paper briefly outlines the position of media freedom in the context of countries joining the EU and the emerging legal framework for the protection of media freedom as the foundation of democracy in EU Member States. From the initial approach to the media as one of the service sectors that should be provided with the benefits of the single market, today the special nature of the media as an actor in ensuring democracy is in the foreground. The paper discusses the competences of the EU for the adoption of legal standards of media freedom and recent legislative proposals in this area, particularly the European Media Freedom Act. Measures to prevent the spread of fake news, SLAPP lawsuits aimed at intimidating and professionally discrediting their targets, and the area of media ownership and financing are highlighted, too. The paper concludes that legislation to protect media freedom in the EU is expected to be adopted shortly. A greater challenge will be its implementation. Annual reports in this area regarding the situation in individual Member States are only the first step. It will be necessary to ensure that the European Commission, as the guardian of EU law, enforces these rules and brings the Member States before the Court of Justice of the EU in case of violations. It is also equally important that the Member States establish mechanisms that will enable systemic compliance with these rules and their monitoring. It is finally imperative that the editors and journalists familiarise themselves with the EU rules that protect them and that, in the event of encroachments on their independence, they bring this to the attention of both competent national and European institutionsV prispevku sta na kratko orisana položaj medijske svobode pri vstopanju držav v EU in nastajajoči pravni okvir za zaščito medijske svobode kot temelja demokracije v državah članicah EU. Od začetnega pristopa k medijem kot enemu od storitvenih sektorjev, ki naj se mu zagotovijo prednosti enotnega trga, je danes v ospredju posebna narava medijev kot akterja zagotavljanja demokracije. V prispevku se razpravlja o pristojnostih EU za sprejetje pravnih standardov medijske svobode in novejših zakonodajnih predlogih s tega področja, zlasti Evropskem aktu o medijski svobodi. Poudarjeni so tudi področje preprečevanja širjenja lažnih novic, tožbe SLAPP, katerih cilj je ustrahovati in strokovno diskreditirati njihove tarče, ter področje lastništva in financiranja medijev. Prispevek se sklene z ugotovitvijo, da je pričakovati, da bo zakonodaja za zaščito medijske svobode v EU v naslednjih mesecih tudi sprejeta. Večji izziv od tega bo njeno izvrševanje v praksi. Letna poročila s tega področja glede stanja v posameznih državah članicah so le prvi korak. Zagotoviti bo treba, da bo Evropska komisija kot varuhinja prava EU ta pravna pravila pozneje tudi izvrševala in države članice postavila tudi pred Sodišče EU v primeru kršitev. Enako pomembno pa je tudi, da države članice vzpostavijo mehanizme, ki bodo omogočali sistemsko spoštovanje teh pravil in njihovo spremljanje. Prav tako je pomembno, da se sami uredniki in novinarji seznanijo s pravili EU, ki varujejo njihov položaj, in da v primeru posegov v lastno neodvisnost na to opozorijo pristojne nacionalne in tudi evropske institucijeTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of Slovenia