{"?xml":{"@version":"1.0"},"edm:RDF":{"@xmlns:dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","@xmlns:edm":"http://www.europeana.eu/schemas/edm/","@xmlns:wgs84_pos":"http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos","@xmlns:foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","@xmlns:rdaGr2":"http://rdvocab.info/ElementsGr2","@xmlns:oai":"http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/","@xmlns:owl":"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#","@xmlns:rdf":"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","@xmlns:ore":"http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/","@xmlns:skos":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#","@xmlns:dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","edm:WebResource":[{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-1OJTQMDG/6e06c1fa-b8d1-41fe-a645-23c87ac1b878/PDF","dcterms:extent":"667 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-1OJTQMDG/36f7ad0e-2ea5-4e0e-9f93-c9b95f802ee2/TEXT","dcterms:extent":"62 KB"}],"edm:ProvidedCHO":{"@rdf:about":"URN:NBN:SI:doc-1OJTQMDG","dcterms:issued":"2026","dc:creator":["Bueno, André","Costa, Matheus Oliva da","Souza, Julia Garcia Vilaça De"],"dc:format":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"letnik:14 (30)"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"številka:2"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"str. 55-76"}],"dc:identifier":["DOI:10.4312/as.2026.14.2.55-76","ISSN:2232-5131","COBISSID_HOST:291456771","URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-1OJTQMDG"],"dc:language":"en","dc:publisher":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Založba Univerze v Ljubljani"},"dc:source":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Asian studies"},"dc:subject":[{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"Ailton Krenak"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"comparative philosophy"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"intercultural dialogue"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"medkulturni dialog"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"primerjalna filozofija"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"utilitarianism"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"utilitarizem"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"Zhuangzi"}],"dc:title":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Zhuangziˇ and Ailton Krenak against utilitarianism|"},"dc:description":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Despite temporal and geographical differences, two thinkers impacted their contexts with similar critiques of a type of reasoning they called “utilitarianism”: Zhuangzi ?? (China, 369–286 BCE) and Ailton Krenak (Brazil, born 1953). While Zhuangzi pointed out the limits of the utilitarianism defended by philosophers of his time, such as the Mohists, Krenak turns against colonialism and capitalism in Brazil. So, how can their critiques of utilitarianism contribute to the discussion of its limitations? In this text, we aim to compare these two author’s ideas, seeking to conceptualize their concerns about how to understand the value of life and human beings beyond utilitarianism. Our method consists of three steps: (1) to outline historically and conceptually the notion of “utilitarianism”; (2) present Zhuangzi’s and Krenak’s critique of utilitarianism; and (3) to develop a comparative analysis of these authors based on the proposed framework. Even with distinct contexts and targets, we identified that both mobilize two counterarguments to utilitarianism: (1) life is worth more than objective utility, and therefore evaluating and considering beings based on the concept of utility is limited; (2) the perspectivism of utility itself, since things can have multiple uses in different situations beyond the utilitarian’s immediate utility. However, while Zhuangzi presents an aversion to official policy, Krenak demonstrates the need for collective and political change, as opposed to individualistic solutions, if we want to survive"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Kljub časovnim in geografskim razlikam sta dva misleca v svojih kontekstih razvila podobno kritiko vrste razmišljanja, ki sta jo imenovala »utilitarizem«: Zhuangzi ?? (Kitajska, 369–286 pr. n. št.) in Ailton Krenak (Brazilija, rojen 1953). Medtem ko je Zhuangzi opozarjal na omejitve utilitarizma, ki so ga zagovarjali filozofi njegovega časa, denimo mohisti, Krenak kljubuje kolonializmu in kapitalizmu v Braziliji. Kako lahko torej njuni kritiki utilitarizma prispevata k razpravi o njegovih omejitvah? V tem besedilu želimo primerjati ideje obeh avtorjev ter konceptualizirati njune pomisleke glede razumevanja vrednosti življenja in človeških bitij onkraj utilitarizma. Naša metoda obsega tri korake: (1) zgodovinsko in konceptualno orisati pojem »utilitarizem«, (2) predstaviti Zhuangzijevo in Krenakovo kritiko utilitarizma ter (3) razviti primerjalno analizo teh avtorjev na podlagi predlaganega okvira. Ugotovili smo, da oba avtorja kljub različnim kontekstom in ciljem uporabljata dva protiargumenta utilitarizmu: (1) življenje je vredno več kot zgolj objektivna koristnost, zato je vrednotenje in obravnavanje bitij na podlagi pojma koristnosti omejeno; ter (2) perspektivizem samega pojma koristnosti, saj imajo stvari lahko več različnih uporab v različnih okoliščinah, ki presegajo neposredno utilitaristično korist. Vendar pa medtem ko Zhuangzi izraža odpor do uradne politike, Krenak poudarja, da so za preživetje nujne kolektivne in politične spremembe, in ne zgolj individualistične rešitve"}],"edm:type":"TEXT","dc:type":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"znanstveno časopisje"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"journals"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q361785"}]},"ore:Aggregation":{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:doc-1OJTQMDG","edm:aggregatedCHO":{"@rdf:resource":"URN:NBN:SI:doc-1OJTQMDG"},"edm:isShownBy":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-1OJTQMDG/6e06c1fa-b8d1-41fe-a645-23c87ac1b878/PDF"},"edm:rights":{"@rdf:resource":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"edm:provider":"Slovenian National E-content Aggregator","edm:intermediateProvider":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"National and University Library of Slovenia"},"edm:dataProvider":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Univerza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta"},"edm:object":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/streamdb/URN:NBN:SI:doc-1OJTQMDG/maxi/edm"},"edm:isShownAt":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:doc-1OJTQMDG"}}}}