320 KB31 KB200520252019Marc, Janjaštevilka:2letnik:70str. 111-118ISSN:0014-8229COBISSID_HOST:4722033URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-0V69XL30slSlovensko farmacevtsko društvoFarmacevtski vestnikelementi v sledovihesencialni elementiOsteoporozapovprečne potrebeVitaminiMakro- in mikrohranila pri zdravljenju osteoporoze| Macro- and micronutrients at treatment of osteoporosis|The porosity of the bone tissue is affected by different factors: gender, age, weight, hormonal status, muscle condition, genetic background and diet. The aim of this paper is to review the macro-and micronutrients, which significantly affect the function of the bone cells and mineralization of the bone collagen. The paper is presenting the biochemical role and results of clinical studies on the impact on bone mineral density and/or osteoporotic bone fractures for four main macronutrients: calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus and magnesium, as well as for four micronutrients: vitamin C, vitamin K, fluorine and zinc. In addition, the adequate intake for described nutrients recommended by the European food safety authority and the Institute of public health of the Republic of Slovenia are presented as well. In conclusion, the intake of the above mentioned macro- and micronutrients is necessary to maintain the quality of bone tissue. However, they are not able to decrease the porosity of bone tissue. There are evidences shown, that theses nutrients can increase the effects of the antiresorptive treatment of osteoporosis with zolendronate or reduce secondary osteoporosis as the adverse effect on bone tissue in other therapies. The positive effects of the micronutrients are stronger if they are taken together, and if they are combined with appropriate physical activityNa poroznost kostnega tkiva vplivajo različni dejavniki: spol, starost, teža, hormonski status, stanje mišic, genetsko ozadje in prehrana. Podajam pregled makro- in mikrohranil, ki pomembno vplivajo na delovanje kostnih celic in mineralizacijo kolagena. Prikazani so biokemijska vloga in rezultati kliničnih raziskav o osteoporozi za štiri glavna makrohranila: kalcij, vitamin D, fosfor in magnezij ter za štiri mikrohranila: vitamin C, vitamin K, fluor in cink. Navedeni so vnosi teh hranil, ki jih priporočata Evropska agencija za varno hrano in Inštitut za varovanje zdravja Republike Slovenije. Vnos omenjenih makro-in mikrohranil je nujen zato, da se kvaliteta kostnine ne slabša, vendar pa njene poroznosti na ta način ni mogoče zmanjšati. Obstajajo dokazi, da mikrohranila ojačajo učinke antiresorptivnega zdravljenja osteoporoze z zolendronatom. Lahko omilijo sekundarno osteoporozo kot neželen učinek pri drugih zdravljenjih. Pozitivni učinki mikrohranil so močnejši, če jih vnašamo skupaj in če jih kombiniramo z ustrezno fizično aktivnostjoTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaSlovensko farmacevtsko društvo