255 KB50 KB196520252017Antić Gaber, MilicaSelišnik, Irenaštevilka:2letnik:54str. 337-354, 424-425ISSN:0040-3598COBISSID_HOST:645887URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-U96C8SHKenVisoka šola za politične vedeTeorija in praksadelež ženskElectoral systemEnakost moških in ženskenakost spolovEquality between men and womengender equalityintegracija načela enakosti spolovSloveniaSlovenijastrankarske kvoteVolilni sistemWomanŽenskaženske kvoteThe Slovene version of a fast track to political equality|After the first multi-party election in the Slovene National Assembly the share of women MPs dropped dramatically (from 24 per cent in 1986 to 17.5 per cent in 1990) and did not substantially change during the following two decades. This led to a debate among feminist activists and scholars and left-oriented female politicians regarding the absence of effective measures to improve the situation. The first proposals to introduce gender quotas initially for internal party bodies and later for national elections were put forward by women in the centre and left-wing parties. The voluntary quotas adopted by these parties did not yield visible progress on the presence of women in important political bodies, as these parties' gatekeepers did not fully respect their own rules when composing candidate lists. It was only when legal quotas were introduced that significant changes occurred in the share of women at the highest levels of Slovene politics. In contrast to previous studies on gender quotas in Slovenia, this paper focuses on the importance of the legal and institutional mechanisms in the Slovene context that increased the number of women in politics and examines the political process that paved the way for greater gender equality by using data from elections and putting the data into a broader context. The authors conclude that without gender quotas imposed by legislation the percentage of women in the last parliamentary election in 2014 would not have increased to 37 per cent (the highest among CEE countries) but also identify some limitations to the effectiveness of quota regulations in the Slovene political and institutional contextPo prvih večstrankarskih volitvah v Državni zbor RS je delež žensk v njem dramatično upadel (s 24 odstotkov v letu 1986 se je spustil na 17,5 odstotka v 1990) in se ni bistveno spremenil v naslednjih dveh desetletjih. Vse to je feministične aktivistke, raziskovalke in levo profilirane političarke vodilo v diskusijo o odsotnosti učinkovitih mehanizmov, ki bi izboljšali položaj. Prve predloge za uvedbo ženskih kvot v organih znotraj strank in kasneje za nacionalne volitve so predlagale ženske v sredinskih in levo usmerjenih strankah. Toda strankarske oziroma prostovoljne neobvezujoče kvote niso imele vpliva na izboljšanje prisotnosti žensk v pomembnih političnih telesih, saj strankarski vratarji pri sestavljanju kandidatnih list niso v celoti spoštovali svojih lastnih pravil. Šele ko so bile sprejete obvezujoče kvote, se je zgodil opazen napredek v deležu žensk na najvišjih ravneh slovenske politike. V nasprotju s prejšnjimi študijami o kvotah na podlagi spola v Sloveniji se ta članek osredotoča na pomen zakonskih in institucionalnih mehanizmov v slovenskem kontekstu, ki so spodbudili povečanje deleža žensk v politiki, in analizira politični proces, ki je tlakoval pot večji enakosti med spoloma z uporabo podatkov iz volitev in njihovo umestitvijo v širši kontekst. Avtorici zaključita, da se brez uzakonjenih kvot na podlagi spola delež žensk v politiki ne bi dvignil na visokih 37 odstotkov (najvišji delež med vsemi srednjeevropskimi državami), hkrati pa tudi identificirata omejitve v učinkovitosti kvot v slovenskem političnem in institucionalnem kontekstuTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za družbene vede