431 KB0 KB201320262026Štrus, Dušanštevilka:1/2letnik:81str. 75-104, 125-126ISSN:0032-6976COBISSID_HOST:270588419URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-U48QW2IUslZveza društev pravnikov SlovenijePravnikacquired rightsjavna koristnačelo varstva zaupanja v pravoPravopridobljene praviceprinciple of the protection of legitimate expectationspublic interestretroactivityretroaktivnostretrospectivityretrospektivnostRetroaktivnost in retrospektivnost zakonskih učinkov|The Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia prohibits retroactive legal effect of statutes and provides four cumulative conditions that must be met for retroactive legal effect to be exceptionally permissible. The theory and constitutional case law in this area are extensive and must be considered by the legislator when enacting a law with retroactive effect. However, the Constitution does not specifically regulate the retrospectivity of legal effects, which is why constitutional case law has developed it based on the principle of the protection of legitimate expectations, which is rooted in the rule of law. Retrospective effect, as opposed to retroactive effect, is permissible, but the legislator must avoid acting arbitrarily and may worsen the legal position of the addressees only if there is a substantive reason based on an overriding, legitimate and constitutionally permissible public interest, having regard to the principles of proportionality and equality before the law. When amending an existing regulation which worsens the legal position of the addressees, the legislator must weigh legislative interference against the principle of the protection of legitimate expectationsUstava ureja prepoved retroaktivnosti pravnega učinka zakona in štiri pogoje, ki morajo biti kumulativno izpolnjeni, da je povratni zakonski učinek izjemoma dovoljen. Teorija in ustavnosodna praksa sta na tem področju zelo bogati, zato ju mora zakonodajalec upoštevati, kadar sprejema zakon s povratnim učinkom. Ustava pa posebej ne ureja retrospektivnosti pravnega učinka, zato ga je ustavnosodna praksa razvila na podlagi načela varstva zaupanja v pravo, ki izhaja iz načela pravne države. Retrospektivni učinek je v nasprotju z retroaktivnim dovoljen, vendar se mora zakonodajalec izogniti arbitrarnemu delovanju in lahko pravni položaj naslovnikov poslabša samo v primeru obstoja stvarnega razloga, utemeljenega v prevladujočem, legitimnem in ustavno dopustnem javnem interesu ob upoštevanju načel sorazmernosti in enakosti pred zakonom. Zakonodajalec mora ob spreminjanju obstoječe ureditve, s katero poslabšuje pravni položaj naslovnikov, tehtati med zakonskim posegom na eni strani in načelom varstva zaupanja v pravo na drugi straniTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverza v Ljubljani, Pravna fakulteta