{"?xml":{"@version":"1.0"},"edm:RDF":{"@xmlns:dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","@xmlns:edm":"http://www.europeana.eu/schemas/edm/","@xmlns:wgs84_pos":"http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos","@xmlns:foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","@xmlns:rdaGr2":"http://rdvocab.info/ElementsGr2","@xmlns:oai":"http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/","@xmlns:owl":"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#","@xmlns:rdf":"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","@xmlns:ore":"http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/","@xmlns:skos":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#","@xmlns:dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","edm:WebResource":[{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-OAUFUOTV/56da507a-588c-4db2-beba-1a026f2c0dae/PDF","dcterms:extent":"1200 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-OAUFUOTV/79f67a61-2dd9-4360-8b3e-15d6009234e0/TEXT","dcterms:extent":"39 KB"}],"edm:ProvidedCHO":{"@rdf:about":"URN:NBN:SI:DOC-OAUFUOTV","dcterms:issued":"2025","dc:creator":["Hribernik, Matevž","Keš, Erik","Kos, Anton","Tomažič, Sašo","Umek, Anton"],"dc:format":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"številka:4"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"letnik:55"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"str. 229-238"}],"dc:identifier":["ISSN:0352-9045","DOI:10.33180/InfMIDEM2025.403","COBISSID_HOST:262998019","URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-OAUFUOTV"],"dc:language":"en","dc:publisher":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Strokovno društvo za mikroelektroniko, elektronske sestavne dele in materiale"},"dc:source":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Informacije MIDEM"},"dc:subject":[{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"agility testing"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"brezžična sinhronizacija"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"embedded systems"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"IMU"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"infrardeča vrata"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"infrared gates"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"nosljiva senzorska naprava"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"testiranje agilnosti"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"vgrajeni sistemi"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"wearable sensor device"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"wireless synchronization"}],"dc:title":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"A wireless optical gate and imu system for agility assessment| architecture, synchronization and validation| Brezžični sistem za ocenjevanje agilnosti na osnovi optičnih vrat in kinematičnih senzorjev| arhitektura, sinhronizacija in validacija|"},"dc:description":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Accurate, field-ready timing and motion capture are essential for assessing agility beyond the limits of manual stopwatches. We present a modular measurement system that fuses infrared (IR) optical gates for robust event detection with a trunkworn inertial measurement unit (IMU) for kinematic profiling. Each sensing node is built on an Adafruit Feather M0 Wi-Fi microcontroller and communicates via UDP to a laptop server. Time alignment is accomplished without internet connectivity: the server establishes a relative epoch and executes a triple-handshake broadcast protocol, while timestamps are generated at the edge to avoid latency bias from transport or processing. Module- and device-level characterization shows that IR-receiver processing combined with interrupt service routine latency yields a per-event timestamp error of 0.54 ms ± 0.14 ms (latency ± uncertainty), and local clocks remain stable over the durations relevant to agility trials. In wireless operation, accepted synchronization attempts form tight response clusters in favorable RF conditions, whereas congested environments may require retries; for section times across different gates we therefore report a conservative inter-node uncertainty. End-to-end validation across laboratory, entryhall, and gym venues using the Agility T-test confirms that total test time measured on the same start/finish gate remains below 1 ms error over 10–20 s trials. Synchronized IMU waveforms add explanatory value beyond total and split times by revealing braking, change-of-direction, and re-acceleration phases. The system provides a deployable workflow with substantially improved precision over manual timing. Future work will target more robust synchronization and expanded analytics, including automated phase detection, asymmetry indices, and optional integration with indoor positioning"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Natančno merjenje časa in zajem gibanja na terenu sta ključna za ocenjevanje agilnosti onkraj omejitev ročnih štoparic. Predstavljamo nizkocenovni, modularni merilni sistem, ki združuje infrardeča (IR) optična vrata za robustno zaznavanje dogodkov in na trupu nameščeni inercialni merilni senzor (IMU) za kinematično profiliranje. Vsako merilno vozlišče temelji na mikrokrmilniku Adafruit Feather M0 Wi-Fi in z uporabo UDP komunicira sstrežnikom na prenosniku. Časovno uskladitev izvedemo brez internetne povezave: strežnik vzpostavi relativno epoho in izvede oddajni protokol s trojnim rokovanjem, medtem ko se časovni žigi tvorijo na robu sistema (na napravi), da se izognemo pristranskosti zaradi zakasnitev prenosa ali obdelave. Karakterizacija na ravni modulov in naprav pokaže, da kombinacija obdelave v IR sprejemniku in zakasnitve prekinitvene rutine prinese napako časovnega žiga na dogodek 0.54 ms ± 0.14 ms (zakasnitev ± negotovost), lokalne ure pa ostanejo stabilne v časovnih intervalih, pomembnih za preizkuse agilnosti. Pri brezžičnem delovanju sprejeti poskusi sinhronizacije v ugodnih RF-razmerah tvorijo tesne skupke odzivov, medtem ko v zasičenih okoljih lahko zahtevajo ponovitve; zato pri časih odsekov med različnimi vrati navajamo večjo negotovost. Celovita validacija v laboratoriju, avli in telovadnici z uporabo T-testa agilnosti potrjuje, da ima skupni čas testa, izmerjen na istih začetnih/končnih vratih, napako manjšo od 1 ms pri poskusih, dolgih 10–20 s. Sinhronizirani IMU signali dodajo pojasnjevalno vrednost onkraj skupnih in delnih časov, saj razkrivajo faze zaviranja, menjave smeri in ponovne pospešitve. Sistem omogoča enostavno uvedljiv potek dela z bistveno izboljšano natančnostjo v primerjavi z ročnim merjenjem. V prihodnje načrtujemo še zanesljivejšo sinhronizacijo in razširjeno analitiko, vključno s samodejnim zaznavanjem faz, indeksi asimetrije ter po potrebi integracijo s pozicioniranjem v zaprtih prostorih"}],"edm:type":"TEXT","dc:type":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"znanstveno časopisje"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"journals"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q361785"}]},"ore:Aggregation":{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:DOC-OAUFUOTV","edm:aggregatedCHO":{"@rdf:resource":"URN:NBN:SI:DOC-OAUFUOTV"},"edm:isShownBy":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-OAUFUOTV/56da507a-588c-4db2-beba-1a026f2c0dae/PDF"},"edm:rights":{"@rdf:resource":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"edm:provider":"Slovenian National E-content Aggregator","edm:intermediateProvider":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"National and University Library of Slovenia"},"edm:dataProvider":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Strokovno društvo za mikroelektroniko, elektronske sestavne dele in materiale"},"edm:object":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/streamdb/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-OAUFUOTV/maxi/edm"},"edm:isShownAt":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-OAUFUOTV"}}}}