1636 KB73 KB2013Keršmanc, Cirilštevilka:2letnik:64str. 140-153ISSN:0034-690XCOBISSID:1639246URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-O4WACIVQslMinistrstvo za notranje zadeve Republike Slovenije, PolicijaRevija za kriminalistiko in kriminologijoabuse of positionbusiness fraudeconomic crimegospodarska dejavnostgospodarska kriminalitetainterpretative discretioninterpretativna diskrecijalegalitetno načelolegality principlelimiting economic crimeobvladovanje gospodarske kriminaliteteposlovna goljufijazloraba položajaKvantitativna glosa o kompliciranosti in kompleksnosti gospodarskih kaznivih dejanj|The serious crimes of "Business fraud" and "Abuse of position or trust in business" as they are defined in the Slovene Penal code, are the two central legal constructs in prosecuting economic crime in Slovenia. This article tries to point out the differences between the two and aims to do this, not via an abstract analysis of the norms themselves, but by using quantitative data. In terms of the number of criminal complaints being processed in the category of economic crimes, "Business fraud" has the highest frequency, while "Abuse of position or trust in business" trails far behind. However, despite the relatively lower frequency, it is estimated that "Abuse of position or trust in business" cumulatively causes the most damage/illegal gain in the group of so called economic (serious) crimes in Slovenia. Outlined he re are other quantitative differences between the two categories on two different leveis. Firstly, the general statistics collected by the Slovenian Ministry of Internal Affairs are aggregated into an original graphical representation of the most basic numerical relationships. Secondly, the results of the fieldwork research that was conducted at the Ljubljana District Prosecutor's Office in which 1255 cases were analysed are presented. Both serious crimes were included in the sample and the results are analysed and compared in the following categories: the number of suspects/per crime, the length of the procedure/per crime, the number of guilty verdicts in cases where the prosecutor filed the indictment and finally the amount of (estimated) illegal gain/per crime. In conclusion, the author synthesises his quantitative findings with his qualitative observations and presents a model according to which difficult economic crime cases are divided into two categories, namely complex cases (these are more often found among the cases of "Abuse of position or trust in business") and complicated cases (these are more often found among the cases of "Business fraud"). The article closes by noting that in reality, prosecutors and investigative bodies have to deal with an "untidy" mixture of complex and complicated cases which need to be reduced to a more manageable level, if we wish to limit economic crime more effectively. This is where, in a system governed by the so called legality principle of prosecuting serious crimes, interpretative discretion and the imagination of investigative and prosecutorial bodies comes into playKaznivo dejanje poslovne goljufije in kaznivo dejanje zlorabe položaja ali zaupanja pri gospodarski dejavnosti zavzemata osrednje mesto pri pregonu gospodarske kriminalitete v Sloveniji. Predmet prispevka je prikaz različne narave navedenih dveh pozitivnopravnih kategorij skozi številke. Medtem ko gre pri poslovni goljufiji za eno izmed najbolj številčnih kaznivih dejanj znotraj skupnega zbirnega pojma gospodarske kriminalitete, gre pri kaznivem dejanju zlorabe položaja ali zaupanja pri gospodarski dejavnosti za kaznivo dejanje, na katerega odpade preteni del ocenjene premoženjske škode iz naslova gospodarske kriminalitete. Prispevek predstavi še druge kvantitativne razlike med navedenima kategorijama, in sicer na dveh ravneh. Splošna statistika gospodarske kriminalitete, ki jo beleži Ministrstvo za notranje zadeve za celo Slovenijo, je obdelana grafično, tako da že bežen pogled na izvirno shemo omogoči dojemanje osnovnih razmerij. Sledi predstavitev terenske analize 1.255 konkretnih kazenskih zadev, ki je bila opravljena na Okrožnem dravnem tožilstvu v Ljubljani - navedeni kazenskopravni kategoriji sta v okviru zajetega vzorca analizirani z vidika števila osumljencev, časa trajanja postopkov, rezultatov vloženih obtožnic in višine (ocenjene) protipravne premoženjske koristi/škode. Avtor na koncu kvantitativne razlike sintetizira s kvalitativnimi opažanji in predstavi model, ki težja gospodarska kazniva dejanja razdeli na "čista" kompleksna (ti primeri so bolj pogosti med kaznivimi dejanji zlorabe položaja ali zaupanja pri gospodarski dejavnosti) in "čista" komplicirana (ti primeri so bolj pogosti med kaznivimi dejanji poslovne goljufije). Svoja razmišljanja sklene z mislijo, da imamo v realnosti opravka z "nečisto" mešanico kompleksnosti in kompliciranosti, ki jo je potrebno zreducirati na obvladljivo raven, če želimo gospodarsko kriminaliteto kolikor toliko omejiti. V tem kontekstu pa se znotraj legalitetnega sistema kazenskega pregona pokaže pomen interpretacijske diskrecije in ustvarjalnosti organov odkrivanja in pregonaTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of Slovenia