{"?xml":{"@version":"1.0"},"edm:RDF":{"@xmlns:dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","@xmlns:edm":"http://www.europeana.eu/schemas/edm/","@xmlns:wgs84_pos":"http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos","@xmlns:foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","@xmlns:rdaGr2":"http://rdvocab.info/ElementsGr2","@xmlns:oai":"http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/","@xmlns:owl":"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#","@xmlns:rdf":"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","@xmlns:ore":"http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/","@xmlns:skos":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#","@xmlns:dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","edm:WebResource":[{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-M1XG1PGT/dfadeb87-9508-42f1-b2e2-c139e7e0dbf4/HTML","dcterms:extent":"25 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-M1XG1PGT/707f8a01-8e56-4457-ae5d-82169ffddcdc/PDF","dcterms:extent":"1236 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-M1XG1PGT/4698e74d-5a22-401b-a389-ff550b02d2c1/TEXT","dcterms:extent":"23 KB"}],"edm:TimeSpan":{"@rdf:about":"2006-2025","edm:begin":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"2006"},"edm:end":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"2025"}},"edm:ProvidedCHO":{"@rdf:about":"URN:NBN:SI:DOC-M1XG1PGT","dcterms:isPartOf":[{"@rdf:resource":"https://www.dlib.si/details/urn:nbn:si:spr-0y5dimiu"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Elektrotehniški vestnik"}],"dcterms:issued":"2006","dc:creator":"Bregar, Zvonko","dc:format":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"številka:5"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"6 strani"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"letnik:73"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"str. 261-266"}],"dc:identifier":["ISSN:0013-5852","ISSN:2232-3236","COBISSID:28279813","URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-M1XG1PGT"],"dc:language":"sl","dc:publisher":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Elektrotehniška zveza Slovenije"},"dc:subject":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"dolgoročno planiranje"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"elektroenergetika"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"linearno programiranje"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"trg z električno energijo"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"veriga hidroelektrarn"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q202843"}],"dcterms:temporal":{"@rdf:resource":"2006-2025"},"dc:title":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Model Flores za optimizacijo proizvodnje električne energije na dereguliranem trgu| The Flores mixed integer linear programming model for the optimal response of hydro cascades in the electricity spot market|"},"dc:description":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Mixed integer linear programming (MILP) models have in the last decade gained considerable interest in simulation of deregulated electricity markets 1,2. They are based on an in-depth knowledge of all relavant technical characteristics (for example a cascade of hydro power plants), of the current state (for example the regulating basins states), and the forecast of external parameters (for example the 24 hours inflows forecast) of the system under study, and the hour-by-hour forecast of the electricity marginal price for the following day 8. Similar as in the linear programming (LP) models, in MILPs, too, all technical operation limitations are expressed as a set of linear equations and inequations. The optimization function in MILPs remains linear and is usually expressed as the maximum of the expected revenue from the electricity market. It is very important to note that some variables in MILPs can be of the integer type which allows far better modelling of system technical characteristics then in LPs. When applying MILPs, one does not ussually do the math since it suffices to use the available computer solvers. This paper presents the theory of the new MILP Flores model that has been developed at the Milan Vidmar Electric Power Research Institute. It is based on the Institute's PRAK model that calculates the hydra cascades production 17. The know-how follows the general LP energy flow MESSAGE model of the International Atomic Energy Agency 18. Two examples are added: the cascade of three existing runof- river plants on the Soca river including the new pumping hydro plant Avce 14 and the weeldy-cycle cascade of the two rehabilitated plants Moste II+ III on the upper Sava river 15"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Delno celoštevilcno linearno programiranje (ang. mixed integer linear programming (MILP) se v zadnjem casu cedalje bolj uveljavlja pri optimizaciji ponudbe posameznih proizvodnih podjetij na trgu eektricne energije 1, 2. Pri tem pristopu predpostavimo poznavanje vseh tehnicnih karakteristik obravnavanega sistema (npr. verige hidroelektrarn HE), poznavanje trenutnega stanja sistema (npr. stanja regulacijskih bazenov), napoved vrednosti sistemu eksternih dejavnikov (npr. dotokov v bazene po urah)in še napoved cen 8 elektricne energije za naslednji dan. Podobno kot pri navadnem linearnem programiranju (LP) izrazimo vse tehnicne omejitve obratovanja opazovanega sistema kot množico linearnih enacb in neenacb, kriterij optimizacije pa je maksimum dobicka. Pri tem so pri MILP nekatere spremenljivke lahko tudi celoštevilcne, s cimer veliko bolje prikažemo realne razmere kot pri navadnem LP. Pri uporabi MILP se navadno ne ukvarjamo z nacinom reševanja, temvec zadostuje uporaba komercialnih optimizacijskih paketov, saj so v zadnjem casu razvili številne nove metode kombinatoricne optimizacije, hkrati pa se v racunalnikih stalno povecujeta tako hitrost delovanja procesorjev kot tudi velikost pomnilnikov. Clanek predstavlja nov model MILP Flores, ki smo ga razvili na Elektroinštitutu Milan Vidmar za simulacije podajanja ponudb kratkrocno in dolgorocno na trgu elektricne energije. Teorijo modela smo povzeli po lastnem modelu PRAK 17, ki obravnava mogoce proizvodnje verig HE, organizacijo dela pa po splošnoenergetskem LP modelu MESSAGE 18 Mednarodne agencije za jedrsko energijo. Za ilustracijo smo v clanku prikazali rezultate modela Flores za primer obratovanja verige HE na Soci, vkljucujoc tudi nacrtovano crpalno elektrarno Avce na trgu EEX v Nemciji 14 in tedenski cikel obratovanja rehabilitirane HE Moste II+III 15"}],"edm:type":"TEXT","dc:type":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"znanstveno časopisje"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"journals"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q361785"}]},"ore:Aggregation":{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:DOC-M1XG1PGT","edm:aggregatedCHO":{"@rdf:resource":"URN:NBN:SI:DOC-M1XG1PGT"},"edm:isShownBy":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-M1XG1PGT/707f8a01-8e56-4457-ae5d-82169ffddcdc/PDF"},"edm:rights":{"@rdf:resource":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"},"edm:provider":"Slovenian National E-content Aggregator","edm:intermediateProvider":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"National and University Library of Slovenia"},"edm:dataProvider":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Elektrotehniška zveza Slovenije"},"edm:object":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/streamdb/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-M1XG1PGT/maxi/edm"},"edm:isShownAt":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-M1XG1PGT"}}}}