32 KB532 KB33 KB199920252003Modic, Jurij11 straniletnik:49številka:9str. 458-468ISSN:0039-2480COBISSID:6946843URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-L5HT07GJenslAssociation of Mechanical Engineers and Technicians of Slovenia et al.Zveza strojnih inženirjev in tehnikov Slovenije et al.Strojniški vestnikpožaripredoripredori cestniprezračevanjesimulacijasimuliranjeModel predora in simulacija prezračevanja v primeru požara| A model of a tunnel and a simulation of ventilation in the case of fire|The catastrophic tunnel fires that have occured since 1999 and the series of accidents in some tunnels in the summer of 2001 have triggered extensive discussions and proposals relating to tunnel safety. When a fire occurrs in a tunnel, and in the absence of sufficient air supply, large quantities of smokeare generated, filling the vehicles and any space availabile arround them. Unless a strong flow is created and maintained, hot gases and smoke migrate in all directions. With a weak airflow, smoke forms a layer along the tunnel ceiling and can flow against the direction of forced ventilation, interfering with the evacuation of people from the tunnel. This paper describes a model of a tunnel and the results of a fire simulation in the tunnel. The model takes into account air velocity, air temperature and wall temperature during the fire. The simulation starts before the emergency ventilation system is activated and continues with the fans activated to control the smokeUničujoči pozari v nekaterih predorih od leta 1999 naprej, ter vrsta hudih nesreč v nekaterih predorih poleti leta 2000 spodbujajo resne pogovore in predloge o potrebni povečani varnosti v predorih. Če v predoru izbruhne požar in se pri tem pojavi pomanjkanje svezega zraka, nastajajo velike količine dima, ki onemogočajo vidljivost in možnost gibanja z vozili in okrog njih. Nastaja močan tok dimnih plinov, ki se pomika v vseh smereh. Če je hitrost zračnega toka majhna, se dim dalj časa zadrzi pod stropom v obliki plasti, s tem omogoča umik udelezencev v prometu po vnaprej določenih poteh. Prispevek prikazuje model predora in rezultate računalniske simulacije hitrosti in temperature zraka ter površinske temperature sten v primeru požara. Simulacija zajema stanje pred vključitvijo prezračevalnega sistema in prikazuje tudi nadaljevanje pozara in vključevanje prezračevalnega sistemaTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za strojništvo