5580 KB338 KB2016Klinc, MartinPohleven, FrancXI, 123 f., 30 cmCOBISSID:2719881URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-INYXPB77slM. Klincvisokošolska delacultural heritageDisertacijefungifungusgliveinsectsinsektiLesni škodljivcimicrowavesMikrovalovipovršinski premazipredmeti kulturne dediščinesurface coatingswood preservationzaščita lesaZatiranjeOptimizacija metode za zatiranje lesnih škodljivcev z mikrovalovi na predmetih kulturne dediščine| doctoral dissertation| doktorska disertacija| Optimization of eradication of wood pests with microwaves in objects of cultural heritage|All over the world there have been several methods developed for eradication of wood pests. Due to the inestimable value of the objects that are considered for conservation, the requirements for repressive protection are much more stringent for cultural objects than for industrial wood. The microwave method is fast and effective, but so far it has been insufficiently explored as a treatment for objects of cultural heritage. In this study, we determined the conditions for the destruction of Hylotrupes bajulus larvae and four of the most common wood fungi. We used a 750 W commercial microwave chamber as well as an 88 W horn antenna microwave device with a 2,45 GHz frequency that was developed for targeted radiation. For the successful suppression of Hylotrupes bajalus larvae the wood need to be heated to 54 °C for >10 seconds, for Coniophora puteana >71,2 °C (5 min), Gloeophyllum trabeum >68,8 °C (15 min), Poria vaillantii >67,8 °C (15 min) and for Serpula lacrymans >71,6 °C (5 min). We have examined what the impact of extermination temperatures and exposure times have on the changes and damages to original paint samples that were taken from cultural objects, as well as newly prepared coatings. We evaluated visual, mechanical, and chemical modifications of the coatings when exposed to microwaves at 60 °C or 80 °C (10 min). Temperatures reaching up to 60 °C did not cause any changes in the material. Older coatings are more resistant to higher temperatures than newly prepared surface coatings and they did not show any damage on temperatures ranging up to 80 °C (10 min). The results of these tests and methods show that, in practice, microwave radiation is suitable for treatment of the majority of wooden objects of cultural heritage, if the heating process is controlled and items are not exposed to unnecessary high temperatures or excessive exposureV svetu je razvitih več metod represivne zaščite za uničevanje lesnih škodljivcev v lesu. Zaradi neprecenljive vrednosti so varstvene zahteve za represivno zaščito za predmete kulturne dediščine veliko strožje kot za industrijski les. Metoda z mikrovalovi je učinkovita in hitra, vendar do sedaj premalo raziskana za tretiranje predmetov kulturne dediščine. V raziskavi smo določili pogoje za uničenje larv hišnega kozlička (Hylotrupes bajulus) in štirih najpogostejših lesnih gliv. Uporabili smo komercialno mikrovalovno komoro z močjo 750 W in razvito mikrovalovno napravo z rogasto anteno moči 88 W s frekvenco 2,45 GHz, za usmerjeno obsevanje. Za uspešno zatiranje Hylotrupes bajulus je bilo treba larvo v lesu segreti na 54,5 °C, za kar smo potrebovali > 10 sekund, za kletno gobo (Coniophora puteana) > 71,2 °C (5 min), navadno tramovko (Gloeophyllum trabeum) > 68,8 °C (15 min), belo hišno gobo (Poria vaillantii) > 67,8 °C (15 min) ter za sivo hišno gobo (Serpula lacrymans) > 71,6 °C (5 min). Proučili smo vpliv smrtnih temperatur in časov na spremembo in nastanek poškodb na vzorcih originalnih premazov, odvzetih s kulturnozgodovinskih predmetov ter na novo pripravljenih premazih. Ocenili smo vizualne, mehanske in kemične spremembe premazov, izpostavljenih mikrovalovom pri 60 °C ali 80 °C (10 min). Temperatura do 60 °C ne povzroča sprememb na materialu. Stari premazi so bolj obstojni pri višji temperaturi kot novo pripravljeni površinski premazi, saj so brez poškodb prenesli temperaturo do 80 °C (10 min). Rezultati in preizkusi metode v praksi kažejo, da je mikrovalovno obsevanje primerno za obdelavo večine lesenih predmetov kulturne dediščine, če proces segrevanja nadziramo in predmetov ne izpostavljamo nepotrebnim visokim temperaturam ali predolgim izpostavitvamTEXTvisokošolska delatheses and dissertationsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of SloveniaUniverza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta