{"?xml":{"@version":"1.0"},"edm:RDF":{"@xmlns:dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","@xmlns:edm":"http://www.europeana.eu/schemas/edm/","@xmlns:wgs84_pos":"http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos","@xmlns:foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","@xmlns:rdaGr2":"http://rdvocab.info/ElementsGr2","@xmlns:oai":"http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/","@xmlns:owl":"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#","@xmlns:rdf":"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","@xmlns:ore":"http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/","@xmlns:skos":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#","@xmlns:dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","edm:WebResource":[{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-EJ27H08V/7-cf882b128e8859e5e50b967-e07--264df/PDF","dcterms:extent":"2369 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-EJ27H08V/4cf0a8a9-4968-47a8-83bd-3f87090c1575/TEXT","dcterms:extent":"170 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-EJ27H08V/39c61992-80b5-4e5b-986c-9af79b16b0ae/WEB","dcterms:extent":"0 KB"}],"edm:ProvidedCHO":{"@rdf:about":"URN:NBN:SI:DOC-EJ27H08V","dcterms:issued":"2011","dc:contributor":["Debevc, Matjaž","Holzinger, Andreas"],"dc:creator":"Kosec, Primož","dc:format":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"XIII, 74 f., 30 cm"},"dc:identifier":["COBISSID:260256000","URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-EJ27H08V"],"dc:language":"en","dc:publisher":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"P. Kosec"},"dc:source":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"visokošolska dela"},"dc:subject":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"accessibility"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"deaf and hard of hearing"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Disertacije"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"dostopnost"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"evaluation"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"evalvacija"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Gluhi"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"gluhi in naglušni"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Internet (računalniško omrežje)"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Naglušni"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"podnapisi"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"sign language"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"subtitles"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"video"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"znakovni jezik"}],"dc:title":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Accessible web for deaf and hard of hearing with transparent multimodal sign language interpreter module| doctor of philosophy thesis| doktorska disertacija| Dostopnejši splet za gluhe in naglušne s pomočjo transparentnega večmodalnega predvajalnika znakovnega jezika s podnapisi|"},"dc:description":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"World Wide Web is becoming increasingly necessary for everybody regardless of age, gender, culture, health and individual disabilities. Unfortunately, the information on the Web is still not accessible to deaf and hard of hearing Webusers since these people require translations of written forms into their first language: sign language, which is based on facial expressions, hands andbody movements and has its own linguistic structure. This thesis introducesa possible solution (method) for providing accessible information tothe deaf and hard of hearing on the Web. The Sign Language Interpreter Module (SLI Module) method combines three different types of modalities: visual, auditory and kinesthetic. The visual modality is represented by the video of a sign language interpreter with the addition of subtitles. The auditory modality is reflected as speech and the kinesthetic modality is defined as user interaction; activating sign language videos on demand. In comparison to previous technological Web solutions, the innovation of the proposed SLI Module method is that it envelops various modalities for delivering written information. The presentation of this information as sign language videos with subtitles can be easily integrated into original Web sites, while fully preserving the layout's structure. This is possible due to the use of Web specifications such as HTML for layout presentation and the ubiquitous use of JavaScript scripting language for interaction. In addition, the method uses external W3C Timed Text format for subtitling. The analysis ofWeb Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 recommendations showed that these recommendations are still too general and inadequate for deaf people who use sign language as their first language. For this reason, the thesis argues thatthe main problem of the Web accessibility guidelines is that they focus mainly on functionalities instead of user experience. In the thesis, the reasons for selecting sign language videos over synthetic signing, such as avatars, are addressed. The process of producing sign language videos is described in depth. The thesis analyses present Web dictionaries on the Web and introduces motivations factors and development of a Web glossary on demand(SLI Glossary) using the SLI Module method. Additionally, this approach can be used for monitoring Web users? activities and can also be used as an indicator for further sign language videos recordings. The SLI Glossary methoddoes not represent a text-to-sign-language automatic translator, but a way to enable single word sign language translations to original Web sites. Based on the experience obtained from the evaluation studies, the SLI Module method is gaining wide acceptance within the Deaf community as it assists themto get the written form of information by using a multimodal information retrieval. Finally, the SLI Module follows worldwide declarations and legislations regarding human rights on equal access to information, since it facilitates sign language as a primary communication channel. The goal of the thesis is also to start an initiative for Slovenian sign language recognition and increase people's awareness about its usage"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Svetovni splet je postal neizogiben za vsakokar ne glede na starost, spol, kulturo, zdravje ali individualne posebne potrebe. Žal pa so informacije na svetovnem spletu še vedno večinoma v pisni obliki in tako nedostopne gluhim innaglušnim uporabnikom, ki uporabljajo znakovni jezik kot orodje za komuniciranje. Pisne informacije na spletu bi morale biti posredovane gluhim in naglušnim osebam v znakovnem jeziku v obliki videoposnetkov tolmača znakovnega jezika. Znakovni jezik predstavlja tej populaciji naravni jezik in temelji na obrazni mimiki, gibanju rok in telesa ter ima svojo lingvistično strukturo. V doktorski disertaciji je zajeta statistika gluhe in naglušne populacije po svetu, ki se dnevno sooča z izzivi v komunikaciji in s težkimi življenjskimi pogoji. Gluhe in naglušne osebe, ki uporabljajo znakovni jezik kot prvi jezik za komunikacijo, imajo težave z branjem in pisanjem, saj pisne informacije predstavljajo večinoma njihov drugi jezik. Iz tega razloga je v nadaljevanju predstavljen splošen problem v pridobivanju informacij gluhih in naglušnih. Disertacija nato predstavi večmodalno metodo znakovnega jezika, ki omogoča dostopnost informacij gluhim in naglušnim na spletu. Metoda SLI Modulezdružuje tri različne tipe modalnosti: vizualno, zvočno in kinestetsko. Vizualna modalnost predstavlja videoposnetek tolmača znakovnega jezika z vključitvijo podnapisov, zvočna se odraža kot govor, kinestetska pa je definirana kot interakcija med uporabnikom in sistemom ob aktiviranju videoposnetkov znakovnega jezika na zahtevo. V primerjavi s trenutnimi tehnološkimi spletnimi rešitvami je inovacija te metode združevanje različnih modalnosti za posredovanje pisnih informacij s pomočjo transparentnih videoposnetkov znakovnega jezika in podnapisov. Večmodalno metodo je možno vključiti v obstoječe spletne strani na enostaven način, saj ne vpliva drastično na strukturo spletnih strain, v primerjavi s trenutnimi načini vključitve videoposnetkov. Ta način integracije je moč doseči z uporabo spletnih specifikacij, kot je HTML za prikaz videoposnetkov, in skriptnega jezika JavaScript za omogočanje interakcije. Ob tem predlagana metoda uporablja za podnapise standardiziran format W3C Timed Text. Analiza spletnih priporočil Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) je pokazala, da so ta še vedno presplošna in neprimerna za gluhe in naglušne spletne uporabnike, ki uporabljajo znakovni jezik kot prvi jezik. V disertaciji je tako argumentiran glavni problem WCAG priporočil, in sicer da se preveč osredotočajo na funkcionalnost in ne na uporabniško izkušnjo. Razlogi za izbiro videoposnetkovtolmača znakovnega jezika v primerjavi s sintetičnimi kretnjami so navedeni v nadaljevanju. Predstavljene so rešitve za gluhe in naglušne spetne uporabnike iz nekaterih evropskih projektov ter izpostavljen problem pri zagotavljanju dostopnosti na obstoječih spletnih straneh. Postopek za izdelavo kakovostnih videoposnetkov v skladu s standardi ITU je opisan podrobneje. Glede na to, da predlagana večmodalna metoda za podnapise uporablja format Timed Text, ki je bil predlagan s strani organizacije W3C v letu 2010, obstaja velika potreba po orodjih za generiranje podnapisov. Iz tega razloga je izpeljana primerjava med obstoječimi spletnimi rešitvami in namiznimi orodji, ki so na voljo brezplačna. Ker obstoječa orodja za generiranje podnapisov ne zmorejo generirati formata Timed Text z definiranimistilnimi parametri, je v nadaljevanju predstavljeno spletno orodjeSLI Parser, ki služi kot pretvornik podnapisov iz formata .SRT v Timed Text upoštevajoč parametre stilov za prikaz podnapisov. V nadaljevanju sledi zasnova in implementacija namenskega Flash video predvajalnika (SLI Flash Player) za posredovanje večmodalnih informacij na spletu. SLI Flash Player je osnovan na programskem jeziku ActionScript 3.0 in uporablja dve vgrajeni komponenti Adobe Flash. Namen prve komponente FLVPlayback je predvajanje pretočnih videoposnetkov, medtem ko druga komponenta FLVPlaybackCaptioning poskrbi za prikaz podnapisov"}],"edm:type":"TEXT","dc:type":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"visokošolska dela"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"theses and dissertations"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1266946"}]},"ore:Aggregation":{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:DOC-EJ27H08V","edm:aggregatedCHO":{"@rdf:resource":"URN:NBN:SI:DOC-EJ27H08V"},"edm:isShownBy":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-EJ27H08V/7-cf882b128e8859e5e50b967-e07--264df/PDF"},"edm:rights":{"@rdf:resource":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"},"edm:provider":"Slovenian National E-content Aggregator","edm:intermediateProvider":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"National and University Library of Slovenia"},"edm:dataProvider":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za elektrotehniko računalništvo in informatiko"},"edm:object":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/streamdb/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-EJ27H08V/maxi/edm"},"edm:isShownAt":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-EJ27H08V"}}}}