177 KB55 KB201320252021Kotnik, MajaŠtrukelj, Tejaštevilka:2letnik:47str. 228-247ISSN:0353-6521COBISSID_HOST:61187331URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-A8WD2FYMslLexperaPodjetje in delo49. člen PDEU54. člen PDEUArticle 49 TFEUArticle 54 TFEUcross-border transfer of company's registered officečezmejni prenos statutarnega sedežafreedom of establishmentPolbudsvoboda ustanavljanjaSvoboda ustanavljanja v povezavi s čezmejnim prenosom statutarnega sedeža družb v EU in vpliv zadeve Polbud|The freedom of establishment is one of the fundamental rights specified in the Treaty on the Function of the European Union. It is the freedom given by the European Union to persons to carry out cross-border economic activity across member states. The freedom of establishment grants subjects the opportunity to enjoy free movement of goods, capital, services, and labour, also known as the "four freedoms", helps to provide economic prosperity and greater liberalisation in the common market of the European Union. The freedom of establishment is specified in articles of the Treaty on the Function of the European Union (Articles 49 to 55), but it is far more than just these plain articles. These articles are supplemented and completed by the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, which by its own case law follows the needs of economic prosperity and strives towards greater liberalisation. Over the years, the Court of Justice of the European Union has with its rulings broadened the boundaries of freedom of establishment as well as added new aspects. The Court of Justice of the European Union has ruled on several cases regarding the freedom of establishment, from the Segers case to the Cartesio case. The Court of Justice of the European Union was less liberal in older rulings compared to recent rulings. In the spirit of economic progress, the Court of Justice of the European Union has taken a great leap forward in its recent rulings. The 2017 Polbud case ruling, which was upgraded through the prior Cartesio, National Grid Indus and Vale cases, added a new important aspect to the freedom of establishment. Which is that, in addition to all the pre-existing aspects, the freedom of establishment includes the cross-border transfer of only the company's registered office across the European UnionSvoboda ustanavljanja je ena izmed temeljnih pravic, ki jih določa že sama Pogodba o delovanju Evropske unije. Gre za svobodo, ki jo pravo Evropske unije nudi subjektom iz držav članic EU na trgu, da opravljajo in širijo svojo dejavnost tudi čez meje domače države. Svoboda ustanavljanja omogoča izvrševanje temeljnih svoboščin prostega pretoka ter omogoča razvoj in liberalizacijo gospodarstva v Evropski uniji. V Pogodbi o delovanju Evropske unije je opredeljena v 49. do 55. členu, vendar pa ne gre le za določbe v pravnem aktu. Poleg tega ji smisel in širino daje predvsem sodna praksa Sodišča Evropske unije, ki se razvija skladno s potrebami razvoja gospodarstva in samo liberalizacijo. Z leti je Sodišče Evropske unije s svojimi odločitvami meje svobode ustanavljanja namreč širilo in dodajalo nove vidike. Sodišče se je v preteklosti do svobode ustanavljanja opredelilo v več zadevah, od zadeve Segers pa do zadeve Cartesio, pri čemer je bilo v primerjavi z novejšimi odločitvami nekoliko zadržano in ji je postavljalo meje. V duhu razvoja na tem področju je Sodišče Evropske unije sprejelo več odločitev, ki so pomenile pomemben korak naprej. Sodišče je od zadeve Cartesio prek odločitev v zadevah National Grid Indus in Vale o svobodi ustanavljanja nazadnje odločilo leta 2017 v zadevi Polbud, ki je temu vprašanju dodala pomemben nov vidik. Svoboda ustanavljanja se je tako začela razlagati širše - poleg vseh dozdajšnjih vidikov zajema še čezmejni prenos le statutarnega sedeža družbe v Evropski unijiTEXTznanstveno časopisjejournalsSlovenian National E-content AggregatorNational and University Library of Slovenia