{"?xml":{"@version":"1.0"},"edm:RDF":{"@xmlns:dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","@xmlns:edm":"http://www.europeana.eu/schemas/edm/","@xmlns:wgs84_pos":"http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos","@xmlns:foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","@xmlns:rdaGr2":"http://rdvocab.info/ElementsGr2","@xmlns:oai":"http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/","@xmlns:owl":"http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#","@xmlns:rdf":"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#","@xmlns:ore":"http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/","@xmlns:skos":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#","@xmlns:dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","edm:WebResource":[{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-79K1WHPE/ed99fa5e-27ad-46a5-8d61-c4ea91b41fd9/PDF","dcterms:extent":"971 KB"},{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-79K1WHPE/ef86ac86-1b24-474d-8a1a-c04a7a53a884/TEXT","dcterms:extent":"0 KB"}],"edm:TimeSpan":{"@rdf:about":"2018-2025","edm:begin":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"2018"},"edm:end":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"2025"}},"edm:ProvidedCHO":{"@rdf:about":"URN:NBN:SI:DOC-79K1WHPE","dcterms:isPartOf":[{"@rdf:resource":"https://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:spr-3NZXSA6F"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Central European Public Administration Review"}],"dcterms:issued":"2024","dc:creator":["Klunin, Artsiom","Pavlovský, Patrik","Sičáková-Beblavá, Emília","Sloboda, Matúš"],"dc:format":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"letnik:22"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"številka:iss. 2"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"str. 9-34, 253"}],"dc:identifier":["DOI:10.17573/cepar.2024.2.01","COBISSID_HOST:218289411","ISSN:2591-2240","URN:URN:NBN:SI:doc-79K1WHPE"],"dc:language":"en","dc:publisher":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"= University of Ljubljana Press"},"dc:subject":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"cigaretni ogorki"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"cigarette butts"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"gamification"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"igrifikacija"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"littering"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"namig"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"nudge"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"poudarjanje"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"priming"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"salience"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"smetenje"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"sugestija"}],"dcterms:temporal":{"@rdf:resource":"2018-2025"},"dc:title":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"One nudge can be enough: reducing cigarette butt littering in public areas|"},"dc:description":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"The purpose of this paper is to investigate how public administration can reduce cigarette butt littering in public areas. Cigarette butt littering is a problem for every local government unit; however, policy solutions are either very difficult to implement or expensive. This paper demonstrates the potential of behavioural science, namely nudges employing gamification, salience, and priming. Design/Methodology/Approach: In collaboration with local public administration, two field quasi-experiments were conducted to explore the effectiveness of low-complexity behavioural measures to tackle cigarette butt littering in heterogeneous public spaces. The study tested both the effectiveness of a single behavioural measure and the follow-up effect of a combination of low-complexity measures. In the first quasi-experiment, a standalone intervention (priming stickers) and the follow-up combination of measures (priming stickers with gamified ballot bins) were tested. In the second quasi-experiment, a standalone salience nudge (crime scene) was first implemented, followed by a combination of the initial (crime scene) and follow-up salience (toxicity) nudges to nudge smokers from cigarette butt littering in public space. Both quasi-experiments used a before-and-after design. Findings: The results suggest that a single behavioural intervention may be sufficient to achieve the desired behavioural change, and reinforcing its effects within a relatively short time period with a follow-up intervention may not deliver any additional statistically significant effects. Originality/Value: This research contributes to public administration research, specifically by applying behavioural insights and experimental approaches to studying public policies. Although this approach is gaining popularity, there remains a lack of evidence from field (quasi-)experimental studies on the effects of behavioural interventions in reducing pollution in public spaces"},{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Namen prispevka je raziskati, kako bi lahko javna uprava zmanjšala število cigaretnih ogorkov na javnih mestih. Zavrženi cigaretni ogorki predstavljajo težavo za sleherno lokalno samoupravo, rešitve pa so bodisi težko izvedljive ali drage. Prispevek prikazuje, kako lahko pri tem pomaga znanost o vedenju, natančneje igrifikacija, poudarjanje in sugestija. Zasnova/metodologija/pristop: V sodelovanju z lokalno samoupravo smo prek dveh kvazi eksperimentov na terenu proučevali učinkovitost preprostih vedenjskih ukrepov za preprečevanje odmetavanja cigaretnih ogorkov na javnih mestih. Študija je preizkusila tako učinkovitost enega samega vedenjskega ukrepa kot tudi učinek kombinacije ukrepov. V prvem primeru smo najprej poskusili s sugestijo (nalepkami, katerih namen je bil spodbuditi določene asociacije in odzive), v drugi fazi pa smo nalepkam dodali še igro z glasovalnimi skrinjicami, kjer so uporabniki svoje »glasove« oddajali v obliki ogorkov. V drugem kvazi eksperimentu smo želeli poudariti, da je odmetavanje ogorkov nezaželeno oziroma »kaznivo«, kar smo ponazorili tako, da smo mesto, kjer je bilo veliko ogorkov, označili kot »kraj zločina«, nato pa temu dodali še opozorila o toksičnosti oziroma nevarnosti za okolje, da bi kadilce odvrnili od odmetavanja cigaretnih ogorkov. V obeh kvazi eksperimentih smo prikazali stanje pred uvedbo omenjenih ukrepov in po njej. Ugotovitve: Rezultati kažejo, da je lahko že en sam ukrep dovolj za dosego želenih vedenjskih sprememb, medtem ko podkrepitev njegovega učinka z nadaljnjim ukrepom, ki sledi v razmeroma kratkem času, ne prinese dodatnih statistično značilnih učinkov. Izvirnost/vrednost: Študija prispeva k raziskavam na področju javne uprave, zlasti z uporabo vedenjskih in eksperimentalnih pristopov v proučevanju javnih politik. Čeprav je tovrsten pristop vse bolj priljubljen, še vedno primanjkuje dokazov iz terenskih (kvazi) eksperimentalnih študij o učinkih vedenjskih intervencij na zmanjšanje onesnaževanja na javnih mestih"}],"edm:type":"TEXT","dc:type":[{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"znanstveno časopisje"},{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"journals"},{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q361785"}]},"ore:Aggregation":{"@rdf:about":"http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:DOC-79K1WHPE","edm:aggregatedCHO":{"@rdf:resource":"URN:NBN:SI:DOC-79K1WHPE"},"edm:isShownBy":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-79K1WHPE/ed99fa5e-27ad-46a5-8d61-c4ea91b41fd9/PDF"},"edm:rights":{"@rdf:resource":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"},"edm:provider":"Slovenian National E-content Aggregator","edm:intermediateProvider":{"@xml:lang":"en","#text":"National and University Library of Slovenia"},"edm:dataProvider":{"@xml:lang":"sl","#text":"Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za upravo"},"edm:object":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/streamdb/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-79K1WHPE/maxi/edm"},"edm:isShownAt":{"@rdf:resource":"http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-79K1WHPE"}}}}