2 4 1 0 1993 - 2017 Knowledge brings health and development Book of Abstracts International Scientific Conference »Research and Education in Nursing« Editors: Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor Klavdija ČUČEK TRIFKOVIČ, Ph.D., Senior Lecturer Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Ph.D., Full Professor Gregor ŠTIGLIC, Ph.D., Associate Professor June 15 2017, Maribor, Slovenia Book Of Abstracts International Scientific Conference »Research and Education in Nursing« (June 15, 2017, Maribor, Slovenia) Editors: Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor Klavdija ČUČEK TRIFKOVIČ, Ph.D., Senior Lecturer Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Ph.D., Full Professor Gregor ŠTIGLIC, Ph.D., Associate Professor June 2017 Title: Book of Abstracts International Scientific Conference »Research and Education in Nursing« (June 15th, 2017, Maribor, Slovenia) Naslov: Zbornik povzetkov Mednarodna znanstvena konferenca »Raziskovanje in izobraževanje v zdravstveni negi« (15. junij, Maribor, Slovenija) Editors: Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor, (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Klavdija ČUČEK TRIFKOVIČ, Ph.D., Senior Lecturer, (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Ph.D., Full Professor, (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Gregor ŠTIGLIC, Ph.D., Associate Professor, (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences). Review: Dr Margaret DENNY, (Waterford Institute of Technology), Sabina FIJAN, Ph.D., Associate Professor (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), David HALOŽAN, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Petra KLANJŠEK , Ph.D., Assistant (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Mateja LORBER, Ph.D., Assistant Professor (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Hugh McKENNA, Ph.D., Full Professor, (Ulster University, Medical School) Nataša MLINAR RELJIĆ, M.S., Lecturer (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Jasmina NERAT, Lecturer (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Petra POVALEJ BRŽAN, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Urška ROZMAN, Ph.D., Assistant, (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Pam SMITH, Ph.D., Full Professor (The University of Edinburg, School of Health in Social Science), Rosie STENHOUSE, Ph.D., Full Professor, (The University of Edinburg, School of Health in Social Science), Maja STRAUSS, M.S., Lecturer (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Jadranka STRIČEVIĆ, Ph.D., Assistant Professor (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences). Design and layout: Marko URŠIČ, (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences), Aleksandra LOVRENČIČ, (University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences) Technical editor: Jan PERŠA, (University of Maribor Press) First published in 2017 by: University of Maribor Press Slomškov trg 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia tel. +386 2 250 42 42, faks +386 2 252 32 45 http://press.um.si, zalozba@um.si Co-published by University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia tel. +386 2 300 47 00, faks +386 2 300 47 47 http://www.fzv.um.si, fzv@um.si Published: 15th june 2017 © University of Maribor Press All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. »The authors are responsible for the appropriateness of citing literature and linguistic adequacy of abstracts« CIP ‐ Kataložni zapis o publikaciji Univerzitetna knjižnica Maribor 616‐083:378.661(082) INTERNATIONAL Scientific Conference "Research and Education in Nursing" (2017 ; Maribor) Book of abstracts [Elektronski vir] / International Scientific Conference "Research and Education in Nursing", June 15th 2017, Maribor, Slovenia ; editors Majda Pajnkihar ... [et al.]. ‐ Maribor : University of Maribor Press : Faculty of Health Sciences, 2017 Način dostopa (URL): http://press.um.si/index.php/ump/catalog/book/238. ISBN 978‐961‐286‐046‐2 1. Pajnkihar, Majda COBISS.SI‐ID 92250625 ISBN 978‐961‐286‐046‐2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18690/978‐961‐286‐046‐2 Price: Free copy For publisher: Igor TIČAR, Ph.D., Full Professor, rector, (University of Maribor) Programme Committee: Klavdija ČUČEK TRIFKOVIČ, Ph.D., Senior Lecturer, (Slovenia), Zvonka FEKONJA, Assistant, (Slovenia), Vida GÖNC, M.S., Senior Lecturer, (Slovenia), Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor, (Slovenia), Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Ph.D., Full Professor, (Slovenia), Gregor ŠTIGLIC, Ph.D., Associate Professor, (Slovenia). Organizing Committee: Klavdija ČUČEK TRIFKOVIČ, Ph.D., Senior Lecturer, (Slovenia), Nino FIJAČKO, Assistant, (Slovenia), Aleksandra LOVRENČIČ (Slovenia), Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor, (Slovenia), Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Ph.D., Full Professor, (Slovenia), Gregor ŠTIGLIC, Ph.D., Associate Professor, (Slovenia), Maja ŠTIGLIC (Slovenia), Marko URŠIČ (Slovenia). https://doi.org/10.18690/978‐961‐286‐046‐2 ISBN 978‐961‐286‐046‐2 © 2017 University of Maribor Press Available at: http://press.um.si ABSTRACT / POVZETEK Abstract Povzetek University of Maribor Faculty of Health Sciences is 15. junija 2017 Univerza v Mariboru Fakulteta za organizing an International Scientific Conference zdravstvene vede organizira Mednarodno znanstveno »Research and Education in Nursing«. It will be held konferenco z naslovom »Raziskovanje in on June 15th 2017 at the faculty and will include most izobraževanje v zdravstveni negi«. Ob tej priložnosti recent findings of domestic and foreign researchers je izdan e-zbornik izvlečkov mednarodno priznanih in and students in nursing and health sciences. All domačih strokovnjakov ter študentov s področja abstracts are included in the International Scientific zdravstvene nege in zdravstvenih ved. Conference Proceedings. Namen konference je raziskati napredek na področju The conference aims to explore advances in nursing raziskovanja in izobraževanja v zdravstveni negi ter research and education and it is intended for izmenjavi znanja in izkušenj udeležencev o vplivu knowledge and experience exchange of participants raziskovanja na prakso v zdravstvu v slovenskem in about the impact of research on health care in mednarodnem prostoru. Predstavlja tako priložnost Slovenian and international arena. It will provide an za spodbujanje razvoja, širjenja in uporabe znanja s opportunity to promote the development, področja zdravstvene nege in zdravstvenih ved kot dissemination and use of knowledge in the field of tudi odlično priložnost za zdravstvene delavce in nursing and health sciences for nursing practitioners visokošolske učitelje da izmenjajo raziskovalne and educators, furthermore they can exchange dokaze, modele dobrih praks in inovativne ideje. research evidence, models of best practice and Ključne besede: Raziskovanje, izobraževanje innovative ideas. Zdravstvena nega, Zdravstvene vede; konferenca Keywords: Research, Education, Nursing; Health Sciences; conference INDEX Index ............................................................................................................................................................... 5 Programme ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 International Scientific Conference University of Maribor Faculty of Health Sciences “Research and Education in Nursing” .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 International integration in the frame of the first Nursing PhD programme in Slovenia ................................... 12 Strategies in Building Successful Impact for Your Research.............................................................................. 13 Living to be a hundred – it’s just luck! ............................................................................................................. 14 The Process of Adaptation of Advanced Practice Nursing in Hungary ............................................................... 15 Emotional carescapes: Managing emotion in the National Health Service, UK ................................................. 16 Early Lessons from the European Junior Leadership Academy for Student Nurses and Midwives ..................... 17 Should we be selecting nursing students on the basis of their emotional intelligence?: findings from a prospective longitudinal study ....................................................................................................................... 18 Exploring attitudes of nursing students' towards learning communication skills .............................................. 19 Theory of Social Support: Analysis and Evaluation for Nursing in Croatia ......................................................... 20 The Newman`s Theory Usefulness in Nursing Care of Elderly with Dementia ................................................... 21 The impact of stress on incidence of back pain ............................................................................................... 23 Attitudes of patients with chronic disease to their health .............................................................................. 26 Elderly-centered care in emergency department ............................................................................................ 28 Comparison of back pain among physiotherapists and nurses in the Maribor region (Slovenia) ....................... 30 A Longitudinal Study on the Impact of Dragon Boating on Wellbeing .............................................................. 33 Effects of problem-based learning on clinical decision making ability among undergraduate nursing students at University J.J.Strossmayer Osijek ................................................................................................................... 34 Qualitative analysis of the Gibbs structured reflection as a teaching method at the elective course Breastfeeding and lactation ........................................................................................................................... 35 Slovenia declared as a country, free from rabies: a new approach to rabies prevention .................................. 37 Peer assessment between students of nursing care by using check list ............................................................ 39 Results of the survey among students on their knowledge of caffeine ............................................................. 40 Description, Analysis and Evaluation of Quality Caring Model ......................................................................... 42 Bilogical disposal of selected antibiotics in hospital wastewater ..................................................................... 44 PROGRAMME 08:30 – 09:00 Registracija / Registration PLENARNI DEL / PLENARY SESSION (Predavalnica 2 / Lecture Room 2) Moderatorji / Session Chairs: Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK & Klavdija ČUČEK TRIFKOVIČ 09:00 – 09:10 Otvoritev mednarodne konference / Opening of the International conference 09:10 – 09:30 International Integration in the Frame of First Nursing PhD Programme in Slovenia Majda PAJNKIHAR, Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Gregor ŠTIGLIC, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI 09:30 – 09:50 Strategies in Building Successful Impact for Your Research Hugh McKENNA, Ulster University, Medical School, UK 09:50 – 10:10 “Living to be a hundred – it’s just luck!” Pam SMITH, The University of Edinburgh, School of Health in Social Science, UK 10:10 – 10:30 The Process of Adaptation of Advanced Practice Nursing in Hungary Jozsef BETLEHEM, University of Pecs, Faculty of Health Sciences, HU 10:30 – 10:50 Emotional Carescapes: Managing Emotion in the National Health Service, UK Emma ROWLAND, King's College London, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, UK 10:50 – 11:10 Should We be Selecting Nursing Students on the Basis of Their Emotional Intelligence?: Findings From a Prospective Longitudinal Study Rosie STENHOUSE, Austyn SNOWDEN2, Lorraine DUERS3, The University of Edinburgh, School of Health in Social Science, 2Edinburgh Napier University, 3University of the West of Scotland UK 11:10 – 11:30 Odmor za kavo/Coffee break Sekcija 1/ Session 1 (Predavalnica 1 / Lecture Room 1) Moderatorki / Session Chairs: Barbara KEGL & Mateja LORBER 11:30 – 11:45 Early Lessons from the European Junior Leadership Academy for Student Nurses and Midwives Stacy JOHNSON, University of Nottingham, School of Health Sciences, UK 11:45 – 12:00 The Newman`s Theory Usefulness in Nursing Care of Elderly with Dementia Nataša MLINAR RELJIĆ, Majda PAJNKIHAR, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI 12:00 – 12:15 Theory of Social Support: Analysis and Evaluation for Nursing in Croatia Gordana BAGIĆ, Ivana UKIĆ, Toni GRCIĆ, Ivana JELINČIĆ, Dominika VRBNJAK2, Majda PAJNKIHAR2, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Medicine, HR, 2University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI 12:15 – 12:30 Description, Analysis and Evaluation of Quality Caring Model Tina HOHLER, Maša SILOVŠEK, Petra KLANJŠEK, Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Majda PAJNKIHAR, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI 12:30 – 12:45 Effects of Problem-Based Learning on Clinical Decision Making Ability Among Undergraduate Nursing Students at University J. J. Strossmayer Osijek Ivana BARAĆ, Jadranka PLUŽARIĆ, Radivoje RADIĆ, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Medicine, HR 12:45 – 13:00 Peer Assessment Between Students of Nursing Care by Using Check List Zvonka FEKONJA, Nino FIJAČKO, Nataša MLINAR RELJIĆ, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI 13:00 – 13:15 Attitudes of Patients with Chronic Disease to Their Health Barbara KEGL, Mateja LORBER, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI 13:15 – 13:30 Elderly-Centered Care in Emergency Department Zvonka FEKONJA, Zalika KLEMENC – KETIŠ2, Matej STRNAD2, Majda PAJNKIHAR, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2Faculty of Medicine, SI Sekcija 2/ Session 2 (Predavalnica 3 / Lecture Room 3) Moderatorki / Session Chairs: Vida GÖNC & Sabina FIJAN 11:30 – 11:45 A Longitudinal Study on the Impact of Dragon Boating on Wellbeing Suzanne DENIEFFE, Majda PAJNKIHAR2, Margaret DENNY, Constantino FIUZA-CASTINEIRA3, Waterford Institute of Technology, Department of Nursing, IE, 2University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI, 3University of Limerick, IE 11:45 – 12:00 Exploring Attitudes of Nursing Students' Towards Learning Communication Skills Klavdija ČUČEK TRIFKOVIČ, Mateja LORBER, Margaret DENNY2, Suzanne DENIEFFE2, Vida GÖNC, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI, 2Waterford Institute of Technology, Department of Nursing, IE 12:00 – 12:15 Qualitative Analysis of the Gibbs Structured Reflection as a Teaching Method at the Elective Course Breastfeeding and Lactation Tita STANEK ZIDARIČ, Renata VETTORAZZI, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI 12:15 – 12:30 Slovenia Declared as a Country, Free from Rabies: A New Approach to Rabies Prevention Špela VIDOVIČ, Zoran SIMONOVIĆ, Karl TURK, Sanja VUZEM, National Institute for Public Health, SI 12:30 – 12:45 Results of the Survey Among Students on Their Knowledge of Caffeine Sabina FIJAN, Anja HRASTNIK, Maja STRAUSS, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI 12:45 – 13:00 The Impact of Stress on Incidence of Back Pain Marcel DUH, David HALOŽAN2, University Clinical Centre Maribor, 2University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI 13:00 – 13:15 Biological Disposal of Selected Antibiotics in Hospital Wastewater Severina STAVBAR, Andreja GORŠEK2, Katarina PREMZL3, Mitja KOLAR4, Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 3The National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food Maribor, 4University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, SI 13:15 – 13:30 Comparison of Back Pain Among Physiotherapists and Nurses in the Maribor Region (Slovenia) Marcel DUH, David HALOŽAN2, Jadranka STRIČEVIĆ2, University Clinical Centre Maribor, 2University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE UNIVERSITY OF MARIBOR FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES “RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN NURSING” - MEDNARODNA ZNANSTVENA KONFERENCA UNIVERZE V MARIBORU FAKULTETE ZA ZDRAVSTVENE VEDE “RAZISKOVANJE IN IZOBRAŽEVANJE V ZDRAVSTVENI NEGI ” Ob obeleženju 24-letnice od ustanovitve fakultete, 20-letnice od ustanovitve Inštituta za zdravstveno nego ter 10-letnice preoblikovanja v fakulteto, Univerza v Mariboru Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede organizira mednarodno znanstveno konferenco z naslovom »Raziskovanje in izobraževanje v zdravstveni negi«. Namen in cilj konference je predstavitev rezultatov raziskovanja za podporo prakse in izobraževanja, interdisciplinarnega in interprofesionalnega pristopa v zdravstveni negi in zdravstvu v slovenskem in mednarodnem prostoru ter prispevek k doprinosu razvoja jedra znanja. Dodana vrednost konference je povezovanje visokošolskih učiteljev, visokošolskih sodelavcev ter študentov. Visokošolski učitelji in študenti iz uglednih univerz bodo predstavili 22 prispevkov iz aktualnih znanstvenoraziskovalnih projektov za učinkovito, varno, humano in k pacientu ter družini usmerjeno zdravstveno obravnavo. Prispevki se nanašajo na aktualna in kompleksna področja zdravstvene nege in zdravstva, kjer medicinske sestre potrebujejo na znanstvenih dokazih utemeljeno znanje za razvoj izobraževanja in prakse. Predstavljeni bodo temeljni koncepti in teoretični modeli ter aktualne teme interdisciplinarnih ter interprofesionalnih področij zdravstvene nege. 9 Mednarodno sodelovanje, povezovanje, izmenjava  University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, HU; izkušenj, znanja in aktualnih znanstvenoraziskovalnih  Ulster University, Medical School, UK; dokazov za aplikacijo v prakso in izobraževanje so ena  Waterford Institute of Technology, Department of izmed temeljnih nalog fakultete ter odlična priložnost za razpravo udeležencev konference o možnostih Nursing, IE. oblikovanja skupnih raziskovalnih projektov. Intenziviranje mednarodne znastvenoraziskovalne in Predavatelji na konferenci so ugledni in priznani izobraževalne dejavnosti je osrednji fokus v razvoju visokošolski učitelji in raziskovalci iz fakultete ter tujih fakultete. Razvoj znanstvenoraziskovalnega jedra univerz: znanja za podporo izobraževanja in prakse je intenziven  glede na spreminjajoče se potrebe v Zdravstveni negi in The University of Edinburgh, School of Health in zdravstvu. Social Science, UK;  King's College London, Florence Nightingale Faculty Udeležencem konference, vsem zaposlenim in študentom na fakulteti želim uspešno, profesionalno, of Nursing & Midwifery, UK; znanstvenoraziskovalno in izobraževalno utrjevanje  University of Nottingham, School of Health in Social medsebojnih profesionalnih, osebnih in nenazadnje Science, UK; prijateljskih vezi, ki so temelj razvoja in prepoznavnosti  J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of fakultete. Medicine, HR; Izr. prof. Dr (Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Severne Irske) Majda Pajnkihar 10 INVITED LECTURES / VABLJENA PREDAVANJA International Integration in the Frame of First Nursing PhD Programme in Slovenia Majda PAJNKIHAR, Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Gregor ŠTIGLIC, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI Strategies in Building Successful Impact for Your Research Hugh McKENNA, Ulster University, Medical School, UK “Living to be a hundred – it’s just luck!” Pam SMITH, The University of Edinburgh, School of Health in Social Science, UK The Process of Adaptation of Advanced Practice Nursing in Hungary Jozsef BETLEHEM, University of Pecs, Faculty of Health Sciences, HU Emotional Carescapes: Managing Emotion in the National Health Service, UK Emma ROWLAND, King's College London, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, UK Should We be Selecting Nursing Students on the Basis of Their Emotional Intelligence?: Findings From a Prospective Longitudinal Study Rosie STENHOUSE, Austyn SNOWDEN2, Lorraine DUERS3, The University of Edinburgh, School of Health in Social Science, 2Edinburgh Napier University, 3University of the West of Scotland UK Early Lessons from the European Junior Leadership Academy for Student Nurses and Midwives Stacy JOHNSON, University of Nottingham, School of Health Sciences, UK A Longitudinal Study on the Impact of Dragon Boating on Wellbeing Suzanne DENIEFFE, Majda PAJNKIHAR2, Margaret DENNY, Constantino FIUZA-CASTINEIRA3, Waterford Institute of Technology, Department of Nursing, IE, 2University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, SI, 3University of Limerick, IE 11 MAJDA PAJNKIHAR, INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION IN THE FRAME OF THE SONJA ŠOSTAR TURK, GREGOR ŠTIGLIC FIRST NURSING PHD PROGRAMME IN SLOVENIA INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION IN THE FRAME OF THE FIRST NURSING PHD PROGRAMME IN SLOVENIA MAJDA PAJNKIHAR, SONJA ŠOSTAR TURK, GREGOR ŠTIGLIC The University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences is Univerza v Mariboru Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede je the first faculty in Slovenia that started to carry out the prva v slovenskem prostoru v študijskem letu PhD study programme Nursing Care in academic year 2016/2017 pričela izvajati doktorski študijski program 3. 2016/2017. The enrolment of first candidates to the stopnje Zdravstvena nega. Z vpisom prvih kandidatov na PhD study programme Nursing Care enabled a more doktorski študijski program 3. stopnje je omogočen intense development of scientific-research work and intenzivnejši razvoj znanstvenoraziskovalnega dela in core knowledge of nursing care. The study programme jedra znanja zdravstvene nege. Program je sodobno is contemporary, consists of 3 years and 180 ECTS. naravnan, traja 3 leta in obsega 180 ECTS točk. V okviru Within the elective courses, the field of nursing care is izbirnih predmetov se področje zdravstvene nege interdisciplinary and in an interprofessional way linked interdisciplinarno in interprofesionalno povezuje z to other fields. Under higher education menthors the ostalimi področji. Študenti se pod mentorstvom student engage into scientific-research work within visokošolskih učiteljev vključujejo v scientific-research projects. In latter study years they znanstvenoraziskovalno delo v okviru prepare for individual work and doctoral dissertation. znanstvenoraziskovalnih projektov, v višjih letnikih pa se Experienced and renowned domestic and foreign higher pripravljajo na samostojno delo in pripravo doktorske education teachers from universities of Finnland, disertacije. V programu sodelujejo izkušeni in priznani Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Great Britain and the United domači in tuji visokošolski učitelji iz univerz Finske, Irske, States collaborate in the study programme, which Islandije, Italije, Velike Britanije in Združenih držav makes it comparable to other PhD study programmes Amerike, kar daje programu primerljivost z ostalimi around the world. It also enables students to doktorskimi študijskimi programi v svetu. Prav tako collaborate in international scientific-research project omogoča vključevanje doktorskih študentov v and, work at foreign universities. They will gain mednarodne znanstvenoraziskovalne projekte in delo experiences that will enable them to enter an na tujih univerzah, za pridobivanje izkušenj za vstop v international academic and scientific-research mednarodni akademski in znanstveni raziskovalni environment and the field of publishing, which will prostor ter publiciranje, ki bo jedro znanja za razvoj represent core knowledge for science and discipline znanosti in discipline Zdravstvene nege in zdravstva. development of nursing care and health care. Ključne besede: doktorski študijski program, Keywords: PhD study programme, Nursing Care, zdravstvena nega, študenti, jedro znanja, students, core knowledge, scientific-research znanstvenoraziskovalno delo CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: majda.pajnkihar@um.si, Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Ph.D., Full Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: sonja.sostar@um.si, Gregor ŠTIGLIC, Ph.D., Associate Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: gregor.stiglic@um.si. 12 HUGH MCKENNA STRATEGIES IN BUILDING SUCCESSFUL IMPACT FOR YOUR RESEARCH STRATEGIES IN BUILDING SUCCESSFUL IMPACT FOR YOUR RESEARCH HUGH MCKENNA Increasingly, countries around the world as asking what research was being impactful. In this presentation he benefits are gained from publically funded research in will discuss what research impact is and how Universities. For example, the UK introduced Research researchers can ensure that their work has national as Impact into its Research Excellence Framework (REF) in well as international benefits. 2014 to gauge how UK research held benefits for society, the economy, culture, and health and wellbeing. Professor Hugh McKenna chaired one of the Keywords: REF, assessment criteria, research, REF panels and was involved in drawing up the international benefits, impact assessment criteria to judge whether a university’s CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Hugh McKENNA, Ph.D., Full Professor, Ulster University, Medical School, Jordanstown campus, Shore Road Newtownabbey Co. Antrim BT37 0QB, United Kingdom, e-mail: hp.mckenna@ulster.ac.uk. 13 PAM SMITH LIVING TO BE A HUNDRED – IT’S JUST LUCK! LIVING TO BE A HUNDRED – IT’S JUST LUCK! PAM SMITH In this paper I draw on images and imagination to were ‘stress shedders’ with the ability to move on from describe the experience of older age. I discuss the distress and loss. Our research concludes that there is a meaning of “transitions” in older age in different need to give voice to older people in order to redefine societies and the demographic influences on ageing. I the meaning of older age and identify the global present a Case Study of 16 UK Centenarians: “Living to priorities for research, education and practice. be a 100: It’s just luck”. I describe our participatory action research and storytelling methods. Our findings show that health and independence were ‘normal’ for Keywords: older age, demographic, society, the majority of the centenarians; they enjoyed strong centenarian, health relationships with their families and communities and CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Pam SMITH, Ph.D., Full Professor, The University of Edinburgh, School of Health in Social Science, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, United Kingdom, e-mail: pam.smith@ed.ac.uk. 14 JOZSEF BETLEHEM THE PROCESS OF ADAPTATION OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING IN HUNGARY THE PROCESS OF ADAPTATION OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING IN HUNGARY JOZSEF BETLEHEM Introduction Advanced Practice Nursing Network and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Health care delivery system faces a lot of challenges in the developed countries concerning health care Results workforce. In many countries the introduction of new 27 relevant papers were selected and scanned. In the medical technologies was not followed by appropriate nursing profession a new role has been introduced in allocation of new tasks in the system. Although nurses the 70’s. The right skill-mix is a basis for better quality are trained at university level in 60% of European Higher care. The evolution in the health care system Education Arena countries their work is not recognized established an extended role for MSc nurses in many and used in the health care system accordingly. Based OECD countries. This is a unique role for those who on the experience of many western countries, the would like to work more independently. In the past health sciences higher education universities in Hungary years Hungary paid a great attention to strengthen the have decided to renew the curriculum of bachelor and health care system and enhance the quality and safety master nursing education according to the European of patient care. A lot of meaningful actions were taken Qualification Framework. to remain nurses in the system and diminish the The above mentioned changes should be followed by turnover of nurses. As first step, a new ministerial the establishing new roles for nurses in the Hungarian decree was issued on bachelor and masters education Health care system. The aim of this paper is to present in nursing with a renewed modern content and learning the current findings of extended nursing roles outcome. The preparation process has been lunched in internationally and to show up the implementation the health care governance to find the proper role of possibilities in Hungary. nurses educated at master level and to shape the regulation of health care system accordingly allowing Methods advanced practice for nurses An international and national scientific literature Discussion and Conclusions research (PubMed, Science Direct, Hungarian Medical Bibliography) was conducted in English and Hungarian This new advanced practice nursing position is one language. As keywords, in the focus of the review was promising development to help the access to the health the learning outcome on nursing education, job care system and to better quality of care. description, task shifting and extended nursing roles. A qualitative appraisal was applied by using experts from International Council of Nurses Nurse Practitioner/ Keywords: nursing education, advanced practice, health care, development, literature research CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Jozsef BETLEHEM, Ph.D., Full Professor, University of Pecs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pécs, Vörösmarty Mihály utca 4, 7621, Hungary, e-mail: betlehem@etk.pte.hu. 15 EMMA ROWLAND EMOTIONAL CARESCAPES: MANAGING EMOTION IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE, UK EMOTIONAL CARESCAPES: MANAGING EMOTION IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE, UK EMMA ROWLAND Introduction medicine and ambulance, the research illustrates that space, place and temporality affects the way in which The National Health Service (NHS), is a highly complex health professionals manage their emotions during the emotional landscape that engenders intense feelings in delivery of care. It demonstrates that carescapes that all health care professionals working within it and their are characterised by slow patient turnover and limited patients. Patients maybe worried that they have been clinical intervention encourage emotionally attached admitted to hospital, scared that they won’t be care behaviours, as health professionals are able to discharged, fearful of their surgery or treatment they engage in care practices that encourage proximity and will receive or concerned about how their loved ones tactile care behaviours. On the contrary, carescapes are coping at home without them. Health professionals that are characterised by rapid patient turnover, may feel guilty about the limited time they have to intensive clinical intervention and / or death may result spend with patients, concerned about the decisions in health professionals exhibiting more emotionally they need to make on behalf of the patient or frustrated detached care behaviours as they try and protect by the system in which they are working. Carescapes, themselves from the emotional challenges of their the spaces and places in which informal and formal care work. takes place, are therefore saturated with emotions. Health professionals, must learn to become skilled Discussion and Conclusions emotion managers, carefully managing not only their Health professionals’ emotion management techniques emotions, but those of their colleagues and patients, to and coping mechanisms are influenced by the spatial deliver care. Focusing on care work through an and temporal characteristics of the carescape. emotional geographies lens, this research questions Understanding the emotional landscape of the NHS may how the emotional labour and emotion work of health support health professionals to more effectively professionals in the NHS is influenced by the different manage their emotions. Emotion management training, places and spaces in which care is delivered. tailored to the spatial and temporal characteristics of Method carescape could lead to better emotional and psychological well-being for health professionals Ethnographic static observations, shadowing and working within different care environments in the NHS. informal interviews and semi-structured storytelling The research is limited by the subjective nature of interviews were conducted across four NHS Trusts in the ethnographic research, which poses challenges for south of England between 2007-2009 to explore the interpreting the emotional experiences health emotional care experiences and practices of health professionals. The research focuses on the emotional professionals. Ethnographic and interview data were experiences of health professionals, with limited analysed using thematic analysis and produced five engagement with the emotional experiences of the themes: i) geographies of emotional attachment ii) patients receiving care, which could have strengthened geographies of emotional detachment iii) spatialities of the understanding of the impact of health professionals’ care logistics iv) workplace relationships and v) affective emotion management on care delivery. qualities of care work. Results Keywords: Emotion management, care work, Drawing on examples from a range of different Carescapes, emotional attachment, emotional carescapes; such as care of the elderly, the emergency detachment, Ethnography department, obstetrics and gynaecology, general CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Dr Emma ROWLAND, King’s College London, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom, e-mail: emma.rowland@kcl.ac.uk. 16 STACY JOHNSON EARLY LESSONS FROM THE EUROPEAN JUNIOR LEADERSHIP ACADEMY FOR STUDENT NURSES AND MIDWIVES EARLY LESSONS FROM THE EUROPEAN JUNIOR LEADERSHIP ACADEMY FOR STUDENT NURSES AND MIDWIVES STACY JOHNSON Introduction Results This paper presents the methods and rationale for the This paper focuses on presenting insights that emerged European Junior Leadership Academy project. The from one of the early collaborative events in the project, three-year project aims to develop, implement and a Leadership Festival in Lisbon. As a result of the evaluate a European Junior Leadership Academy (EJLA) Leadership Festival, nurses, nurse academics, patients, for Student Nurses. The project is funded by the and students generated a shared conception of nurse European Commission under the Erasmus Plus, Key leadership, explored why European nursing needs Action Area 2, Strategic Partnerships. Through this different and new form of leadership now and identified project we seek a better understanding of how to the distinctive features of junior leadership and student develop leadership identity in student nurses and leadership. midwives. Discussion and conclusion Methods Nurses across Europe face the common challenge of The EJLA programme will identify 40 high performing delivering more nursing care with less resources. The nursing students from four Higher Education rising demand for healthcare has been fuelled by an Institutions in the United Kingdom, Poland, Slovenia and ageing European population, the global epidemic of non Portugal who demonstrate leadership aptitude and communicable illnesses and the information revolution leadership potential. which has resulted in highly informed patients. At the same time, health systems across Europe are under The programme will develop their leadership identity, increasing pressure to contain costs. Delivering high knowledge, attitudes and skills by creating quality care under these conditions requires innovative, opportunities for them to observe leaders in action and collaborative nursing practice and a cadre of leaders leaders’ impact on the individuals and organisations able to operate in different professional situations and they lead. Through leadership retreats, internships, cultures. The EJLA seeks to contribute to Pervasive mentoring and peer network projects, the EJLA will leadership development aimed at all levels including support participants to develop their leadership student nurses. It is thought that this approach can signature early in their career journey. The project will ensure that the nursing profession can meet these evaluate students’ and educators’ experiences of the challenges. Academy through both qualitative and quantitative methods. Keywords: EJLA, leadership, students, nursing, project CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Stacy JOHNSON, Ph.D., Associate Professor, University of Nottingham, School of Health Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2HA, United Kingdom, e-mail: stacy.johnson@nottingham.ac.uk. 17 ROSIE STENHOUSE, AUSTYN SHOULD WE BE SELECTING NURSING SNOWDEN, STUDENTS ON THE BASIS OF THEIR LORRAINE DUERS EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE?: FINDINGS FROM A PROSPECTIVE LONGITUDINAL STUDY SHOULD WE BE SELECTING NURSING STUDENTS ON THE BASIS OF THEIR EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE?: FINDINGS FROM A PROSPECTIVE LONGITUDINAL STUDY ROSIE STENHOUSE, AUSTYN SNOWDEN, LORRAINE DUERS Introduction course or not (July 2016). Relationships between EI and performance scores were calculated using Spearman’s Selection and retention of student nurses is a global rho. Differences in group means between completers concern. Findings of UK inquiries into poor care led to a and non-completers were calculated using independent call for ‘Values based selection’. Emotional intelligence samples t-tests. (EI) has been proposed as a necessary attribute consistent with the requisite values for nursing. EI is well Results theorised with valid measures. This paper presents Mean (SD) TEIQue-SF scores were 5.31 (0.6) year 1, 5.19 findings from a longitudinal study exploring whether EI (0.6) year 2 and 5.21 (0.7) year 3. SEIS scores were 127.8 might be a useful criterion for ‘values based selection’. (13.8), 125.5 (13.9) and 127 (13.8). 666 (76.6%) nurses The aim was to understand the relationship between EI, successfully completed, with mean performance 64.6% performance and retention in pre-registration nursing (18%). Neither baseline EI measure was associated with students. performance or retention. Methods Discussion and Conclusions Prospective longitudinal design. 869 student nurses Baseline EI scores were not associated with from two Scottish universities completed Trait performance. However, students scoring higher on Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (Short Form) ‘social connection’, a factor within the TEIQue-SF, were (TEIQue-SF) and Schutte’s Emotional Intelligence Scale statistically more likely to complete training. EI was not beginning of year 1 (Sept 2013), year 2 (Sept 2014) and predictive of performance, but social connection was. year 3 (May-July 2016). Demographics included This is consistent with a more nuanced view of ‘values previous caring experience, highest previous based selection’, to be outlined in the presentation. qualification and deprivation category. Performance was calculated: Scale variable: mean score of first attempts at all year 3 modules. Retention was Keywords: student nurses, student selection, student calculated as: Binary variable: timely completion of the completion, retention, pre-registration nursing CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Dr Rosie STENHOUSE, The University of Edinburgh, School of Health in Social Science, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, United Kingdom, e-mail: rosie.stenhouse@ed.ac.uk, Austyn SNOWDEN, Ph.D., Full Professor, The University of Edinburgh, School of Health in Social Science, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, United Kingdom, e-mail: a.snowden@napier.ac.uk, Dr Lorraine DUERS, University of the West of Scotland, High St, Paisley PA1 2BE, United Kingdom, e-mail: lorraine.duers@uws.ac.uk. 18 KLAVDIJA ČUČEK TRIFKOVIČ, MATEJA LORBER, EXPLORING ATTITUDES OF NURSING MARGARET DENNY, SUZANNE DENIEFFE, STUDENTS' TOWARDS LEARNING VIDA GÖNC COMMUNICATION SKILLS EXPLORING ATTITUDES OF NURSING STUDENTS' TOWARDS LEARNING COMMUNICATION SKILLS KLAVDIJA ČUČEK TRIFKOVIČ, MATEJA LORBER, MARGARET DENNY, SUZANNE DENIEFFE, VIDA GÖNC Introduction the mean scores for NAS was 32.7 (SD=6.3) out of 65. There were no statistically significant differences Effective communication is just one of many skills that identified when examining the positive attitude scale nursing students need to be effective in nursing. results to previous education (t=1.434; p=0.155) and Attitudes of nursing students, according to nurse- mode of the study (t=1.566; p=0.120), but we found patient communication have been a concern of statistically significant differences (F=10.950; p<0.001) lecturers, planners and policy makers for a long time. according to the year of the study. Likewise, the The aim of the study was to explore the attitudes of negative attitude scale did not find any difference nursing students toward learning communication skills according to the previous education (t=0.799; p=0.426), at one of the Slovenian faculties. In the study methods mode of the study (t=1.540; p=0.126) or study year of quantitative non-experimental research and a survey (F=0.165; p=0.848). Principal component analysis data collection were used. Attitudes of nursing students identified three factors which explained 74% of the towards learning communication skills were assessed by variance in the results. the communication skills attitudes scale (CSAS). For testing the reliability of subscales of the questionnaire Discussion and conclusion Cronbach’s alpha was used. Positive attitude scale (PAS) Our findings indicate that CSAS measurement may be was found to be 0.826, and negative attitude scale (NAS) helpful for monitoring the effect of different teaching was found to be 0.619. The data obtained were analysed strategies on students' attitudes about communication using the descriptive statistics and One-way ANOVA by skills during nursing education. It is recommended that use of SPSS version 20. The statistical significance was communication skills training programs designed and tested at a 5% risk level. incorporated into all nursing curriculum. Results The sample size included 143 nursing students. The Keywords: education, nursing, students, mean scores for PAS was 52.8 (SD=6.7) out of 65, and communication skills, CSAS measurement CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Klavdija ČUČEK TRIFKOVIČ, Ph.D., Senior Lecturer, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: klavdija.cucek@um.si, Mateja LORBER, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: mateja.lorber@um.si, Dr Margaret DENNY, Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus Cork Road, Waterford City, X91 K0EK ,Co. Waterford, Ireland, e-mail: denny.margaret@gmail.com, Dr. Suzanne DENIEFFE, Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus Cork Road, Waterford City, X91 K0EK ,Co. Waterford, Ireland, e-mail: sdenieffe@wit.ie, Vida GÖNC, M.S., Senior Lecturer, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: vida.goenc@um.si. 19 GORDANA BAGIĆ, IVANA UKIĆ, TONI GRCIĆ, THEORY OF SOCIAL SUPPORT: ANALYSIS AND IVANA JELINČIĆ, DOMINIKA VRBNJAK, EVALUATION FOR NURSING IN CROATIA MAJDA PAJNKIHAR THEORY OF SOCIAL SUPPORT: ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION FOR NURSING IN CROATIA GORDANA BAGIĆ, IVANA UKIĆ, TONI GRCIĆ, IVANA JELINČIĆ, DOMINIKA VRBNJAK, MAJDA PAJNKIHAR Introduction Interactions and relationships with members of social networks can be supportive or non-supportive and Adequate social support results in improved patient’s effecting physical, psychological, and spiritual health health status, health behavior and use of health care. and well-being. Social support is important concept for There are many theories addressing social support, nursing, because of the impact on health and health however, before using it in Croatian nursing practice, behavior, suitable for developing empathy and they need to be analysed and evaluated. As Theory of response to the patients’ needs. Stewart proposed 5 Social Support by Miriam J. Stewart can help nurses to main interventions addressing individuals, dyads, plan nursing interventions for improving health groups, communities and social system. Three reliable outcomes. Our aim was to analysis and evaluate it. and valid instruments to measure social support were Methods developed. Theory was analysed and evaluated based criteria Discussion and Conclusion proposed by McKenna, Pajnkihar and Murphy. Medline, Described theory has great potential to improve nursing CINAHL and Internet available articles and books were practice, however first it should be implemented in searched of relevant literature using English terms from Croatian nursing education as nurses need knowledge MeSH and key words: social support, nursing, theory, about nursing theories. Theory propositions have to be evaluation and analysis. tested in clinical practice. Results 35 articles and three books were analysed. Theory of Keywords: social support, nursing, theory, evaluation, Social Support is a middle range nursing theory that analysis, Croatian nursing captures the structure and interaction relationships. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Gordana BAGIĆ, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing, Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 10E,31000 Osijek, Republic of Croatia, e-mail: gbagic68@gmail.com, Ivana UKIĆ, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing, Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 10E,31000 Osijek, Republic of Croatia, Toni GRCIĆ, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing, Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 10E,31000 Osijek, Republic of Croatia, Ivana JELINČIĆ, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing, Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 10E,31000 Osijek, Republic of Croatia, Dominika VRBNJAK, Assistant, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: dominika.vrbnjak@um.si, Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: majda.pajnkihar@um.si. 20 NATAŠA MLINAR RELJIĆ, THE NEWMAN`S THEORY USEFULNESS IN NURSING MAJDA PAJNKIHAR CARE OF ELDERLY WITH DEMENTIA UPORABNOST TEORIJE M.A. NEWMAN V ZDRAVSTVENI NEGI STAROSTNIKA Z DEMENCO THE NEWMAN`S THEORY USEFULNESS IN NURSING CARE OF ELDERLY WITH DEMENTIA UPORABNOST TEORIJE M.A. NEWMAN V ZDRAVSTVENI NEGI STAROSTNIKA Z DEMENCO NATAŠA MLINAR RELJIĆ, MAJDA PAJNKIHAR Introduction be suitable for use in elderly patients with dementia in institutional care were classified. For the appropriate selection and adequacy of the application of the theory in a clinical setting, the Results knowledge, analysis and evaluation of the theories is The results show the applicability of the Newman`s essential. The theory must be tested and adapted nursing theory. The theory is clear, supported by before application into nursing practice. In the paper diagrams, concepts are understandable, proposition The Newman`s nursing theory is described, analyzed between them are clear, well-defined. It is necessary to and evaluated. The benefits and the usefulness of the understand the theory as a whole, not just partial theory in nursing practice of elderly people with elements. dementia in the institutional care are presented. Methods The narrative literature review was used. We carried out Discussion and conclusion Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest We focused on theories that are derived from the databases for searching relevant literature, using key discipline of nursing, derived from science, usefulness, words: "consciousness", "time and presence", experiences in the geriatric nursing care with dementia "resonating with the whole", "pattern", "insights people and the compliance of nursing theory in socio – occurring" "concept analysis", "evaluation". For the cultural environment in Slovenia. The nursing theory of selection of relevant theories six criteria were used: a M.A. Newman is scientifically substantiated and useful clinical environment, the origin of the theory, paradigm in nursing care of elderlies with dementia. as the basis for the selection theory, simplicity, needs of the patient and intelligibility. Four theories which would Keywords: nursing theory analysis; geriatic field; nursing homes, dementia, institutional care CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Nataša MLINAR RELJIĆ, Lectorer, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: natasa.mlinar@um.si, Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: majda.pajnkihar@um.si. 21 NATAŠA MLINAR RELJIĆ, THE NEWMAN`S THEORY USEFULNESS IN NURSING MAJDA PAJNKIHAR CARE OF ELDERLY WITH DEMENTIA UPORABNOST TEORIJE M.A. NEWMAN V ZDRAVSTVENI NEGI STAROSTNIKA Z DEMENCO Uvod Rezultati Za ustrezen izbor in primernost uporabe teorije v Rezultati kažejo uporabnost teorije M. A. Newman. kliničnem okolju je ključno dobro poznavanje teorij, Rezultati kažejo, da je teorija Newmanove jasna, analiza in evalvacija posamezne teorije. Pred aplikacijo podprta z diagrami, koncepti so razumljivi, propozicije teorije v prakso, mora biti teorija testirana in med njimi so jasno, natančno opredeljene. Potrebno je adaptirana. V prispevku je opisana, analizirana in razumevanje teorije kot celote, ne le njenih posameznih predstavljena evalvacija teorija M. A. Newman. elementov. Predstavljene so prednosti in uporabnost teorije v Diskusija in zaključek praksi zdravstvene nege starostnikov z demenco v institucionalnem varstvu. Pri izboru teorije zdravstvene nege smo se osredotočili na teorije, ki so izpeljane iz discipline zdravstvene nege, Metode upoštevali smo znanstveni izbor, uporabnost, izkušnje z Uporabljen je bil narativni pregled literature. Iskanje je uporabo teorije na področju zdravstvene nege in oskrbe potekalo po podatkovnih bazah: Web of Science, starostnika z demenco v institucionalnem varstvu in PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest s ključnimi besedami skladnost teorije z družbeno-kulturnim okoljem v v angleškem jeziku: “consciousness”, “time and Republiki Sloveniji. Teorija Newmanove je znanstveno presence”, “resonating with the whole”, “pattern”, utemeljena in uporabna v zdravstveni negi starostnikov “insights occurring”, “concept analysis”, “evaluation”. z demenco. Za izbor ustrezne teorije smo uporabili pregled teorij po Ključne besede: analiza teorije; geriatrično področje, šestih kriterijih: klinično okolje, izvor teorije, paradigmo, domovi za starostnike, demenca, institucionalno enostavnost, potrebe pacienta in razumljivost. V analizo varstvo teorij, primernih za uporabo pri starostnikih z demenco v domski oskrbi, smo uvrstili štiri teorije. NASLOV AVTORJEV: Predav. Nataša MLINAR RELJIĆ, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: natasa.mlinar@um.si, izr. prof. Dr (Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Severne Irske) Majda PAJNKIHAR, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: majda.pajnkihar@um.si. 22 MARCEL DUH, DAVID HALOŽAN THE IMPACT OF STRESS ON INCIDENCE OF BACK PAIN VPLIV STRESA NA POJAVNOST BOLEČIN V HRBTENICI THE IMPACT OF STRESS ON INCIDENCE OF BACK PAIN VPLIV STRESA NA POJAVNOST BOLEČIN V HRBTENICI MARCEL DUH, DAVID HALOŽAN Introduction involved in the study was 36.04 ± 11.60 years. The average length of service in the institution of the Back pain is not only the result of structural or respondents was 11.29 ± 11.76 years. The survey results biomechanical abnormalities of the spine, but is also were analyzed with IBM SPSS version 21, for the associated with cognitive and behavioral aspects of pain statistical analysis of results, we used Mann Whitney U and thus represents biopsychosocial problem. Stressors test and Fisher's Exact test. are not only interpersonal conflicts, negative life events and dangerous situations but also a noise. More than Results 50% of Slovenians are exposed to excessive noise (65 The average measured noise level of the ward 1 was dB) and approximately 20% of employees are exposed 64.12 ± 7.8 dB, the average measured noise level of to excessive noise at the workplace. Effects of noise on ward 2 was 62.49 ± 6.59 dB, the average noise level of human beings are psychological (excitement, stress), ward 3 was 65.99 ± 5.6 dB. The average measured noise sensory, and physiological. The harmful effects of noise level of all three wards was 64.05 ± 1.44 dB. 17 health can be seen in the 40-65 dB range and are manifested care workers (70.8%) reported back pain in the last year as fatigue, irritability, poor sleep and psychological and 7 health care workers (29.2%) reported no back discomfort of the worker. Within 65-90 dB range body pain. Among the workers, who had back (n=17), 7 metabolism increases, oxygen consumption is higher, (41.2%) were employed in the ward 2, 4 (23.5%) were tachycardia and hypertension appears, and tone of employed ward 1 and 6 health care workers (35.3%) skeletal muscles increases. The purpose of the study were employed in the ward 3. Among the workers who was to determine whether the stress caused by noise at had no back pain (n = 7), 2 (28.6%) were employed in the work place increases the incidence of back pain. ward 2, 4 (57.5%) were employed in ward 1 and 1 Methods (35.3%) was employed in the ward with an average volume 3. Statistical analysis with the Mann Whitney U- Measurements of noise levels were carried out in three test does not show a statistically significant difference different wards of social care institution. Two of the between the noise level of the working environment selected wards were nursing care wards (clients are and the occurrence of the back pain (U= 57000; p = immobile and dependent on health care workers in 0.90). Among health care workers who had back pain, tasks of daily activities), the third ward was regular ward 12 (70.6%) rated their job as stressful and 5 (29.4%) with clients who are independent in tasks of daily rated their job as unstressful. Among health care activities. Noise level was measured with sound-level workers who had no back pain, 5 (71.4%) rated their job meter Tecpel 331 and associated computer software. as stressful and 2 (28.6%) rated their job as not stressful. The measurement on each ward was repeated 3 times Statistical analysis with Fisher`s Exact Test, reveals a (total of 9 measurements) for 8 hours during morning non-significant correlation between the perception of shift. The device was set up in the room where clients stress at work, and the occurrence of back pain (p = spent most of the day. The staff on the ward replied to 0.682). the questionnaire consisting of closed type questions about basic demographic information and information Discussion and conclusion about back pain. The study involved 24 health care Based on the results, we find that noise levels as workers, who were in daily contact with residents of the measured in our study, had no statistically significant institution. 8 (33.3%) of them were assistant nurses, 14 effect on the incidence of back pain (p = 0.90). We also (58.3 %) were carers and 2 (8.3%) of them were find that health care workers who perceive their work registered nurses. The average age of all persons CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Marcel DUH, University Clinical Center Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: marcel.duh666@gmail.com, David HALOŽAN, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: david.halozan@um.si 23 MARCEL DUH, DAVID HALOŽAN THE IMPACT OF STRESS ON INCIDENCE OF BACK PAIN VPLIV STRESA NA POJAVNOST BOLEČIN V HRBTENICI as stressful, have more back pain than those who Uvod perceive their job as unstressful, but correlation is Bolečina v hrbtenici ni samo posledica strukturne, statistically insignificant (p = 0.682). With our study, we oziroma biomehanske nepravilnosti hrbtenice, ampak je have proven findings of other authors, that noise level povezana tudi s kognitivnimi in vedenjskimi aspekti below 65 dB does not have a significant influence on the bolečine in tako predstavlja biopsihosocialni problem. incidence of back pain. We would like to prompt health Med stresorje poleg medosebnih sporov, negativnih institutions to selectively check working environments življenjskih dogodkov in nevarnih situacij spada tudi for excessive noise levels (above 65 dB) and take hrup. Več kot 50 % Slovencev bi naj bilo izpostavljenih protective measures to lower it. This way we could prekomernemu hrupu (65 dB). Prekomernemu hrupu na potentially lower sick leave among health care workers delovnem mestu je izpostavljenih 20 % zaposlenih. due to back pain. For a better understanding of the Učinki hrupa na človeka so psihološki (vznemirjenje, problem of working in loud environment and the impact stres), zaznavni in fiziološki. Škodljive posledice hrupa thereof on the incidence of back pain, study should be lahko opazimo že pri 40-65 dB, ki se kažejo kot repeated in a larger study sample and in work utrujenost, razdražljivost, slabši spanec in psihično environments where noise levels are higher. To nelagodje delavca. Pri 65-90 dB se pojavi povečana determine the more accurate and realistic levels of telesna presnova, poraba kisika, tahikardija, noise to which the individual healthcare workers are hipertenzija in poveča se tonus skeletnih mišic. Namen exposed, it would be prudent to carry out raziskave je bil ugotoviti, ali stres na delovnem mestu measurements with a portable sound level meter, that povzročen s hrupom vpliva na povečano pojavnost person carries with him. bolečin v hrbtenici. Metode Keywords: sick leave, noise, muculoskeletal disorder, Meritve jakosti zvoka so bile opravljene v treh različnih health care workers, pain enotah socialno varstvenega zavoda. Dve izbrani enoti sta bili negovalni enoti (varovanci so nepokretni ali zelo slabo pokretni in nesamostojni pri skrbi zase ter izvajanju dnevnih aktivnosti), tretja enota pa je bila ne negovalna (varovanci so pretežno dobro pokretni in lahko samostojno hodijo). Za merjenje jakosti zvoka je bil uporabljen merilnik jakosti zvoka Tecpel 331 s pripadajočo programsko opremo. Merjenje na vsaki enoti je bilo izvedeno 3 krat (skupno 9 meritev) po 8 ur v dopoldanski izmeni (700-1500 ure). Naprava je bila na vseh enotah nameščena v prostoru, kjer se stanovalci čez dan največ zadržujejo. Osebje na enoti je izpolnilo vprašalnik, s katerimi smo pridobili osnovne demografske podatke in podatke o bolečini v hrbtenici. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 24 zdravstvenih delavcev, ki so vsakodnevno v stiku s stanovalci zavoda. 8 vključenih delavcev (33,3 %), je opravljalo poklic tehnika zdravstvene nege, 8 delavcev (33,3 %) je opravljalo poklic bolničarja, 6 delavcev je opravljalo (25 %) poklic varuha negovalca, 2 delavca (8,3 %) sta opravljala poklic diplomirane medicinske sestre. Povprečna starost vseh vključenih oseb v raziskavo je bila 36,04 ± 11,60 let. Povprečna dolžina delovne dobe anketiranih je bila NASLOV AVTORJEV: Marcel DUH, mag. zdr. nege, Univerzitetni klinični center, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-pošta: marcel.duh666@gmail.com, Doc. dr. David HALOŽAN, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: david.halozan@um.si 24 MARCEL DUH, DAVID HALOŽAN THE IMPACT OF STRESS ON INCIDENCE OF BACK PAIN VPLIV STRESA NA POJAVNOST BOLEČIN V HRBTENICI 11,29 ± 11,76 let. Rezultati raziskave so bili analizirani s stresno in 2 (28,6 %), ki svoje delo ocenjujeta kot ne programom IBM SPSS, verzija 21. Za statistično analizo stresno. Statistična analiza s Fisherjevim Exact testom rezultatov sta bila uporabljena Mann Whitney U test in kaže na ne signifikantno povezavo med dojemanjem Fisherjev Exact test. stresnosti dela in pojavnostjo bolečine v hrbtenici (p=0,682). Rezultati Diskusija in zaključek Povprečna izmerjena glasnost na enoti 1 je bila 64,12±7,8 dB, povprečna izmerjena glasnost na enoti 2 Na podlagi rezultatov ugotavljamo, da hrup v takšnih je bila 62,49±6,59 dB, povprečna glasnost na enoti 3 je nivojih, kot smo ga izmerili v naši raziskavi, nima bila 65,99±5,6 dB. Povprečna izmerjena glasnost vseh statistično značilnega vpliva na pojavnost bolečine v treh enot je bila 64,05±1,44 dB. 17 zdravstvenih hrbtenici (p=0,90). Ugotavljamo tudi, da imajo osebe, ki delavcev (70,8 %) navaja, da so v zadnjem letu imeli svoje delo doživljajo kot stres, sicer več bolečin v bolečino v hrbtenici, 7 delavcev (29,2 %) bolečin v hrbtenici, ampak je povezava statistično neznačilna hrbtenici ni občutilo. Med delavci, ki so imeli bolečino v (p=0,682). S študijo smo potrdili navedbe drugih hrbtenici (n=17) je bilo 7 (41,2 %) tistih, ki so bili avtorjev, da hrup pod 65 dB nima večjega vpliva na zaposleni na enoti s povprečno glasnostjo 62,49 dB, 4 pojavnost bolečin v hrbtenici. S tem bi lahko (23,5 %) so bili zaposleni na enoti s povprečno glasnostjo zdravtsvene ustanove spodbudili k selektivnemu 64,12 dB, 6 (35,3 %) je bilo zaposlenih na enoti s preverjanju glasnosti v posameznih delovnih okoljih in povprečno glasnostjo 65,99 dB. Med delavci, ki so niso izvajanju ukrepov za znižanje hrupa, kje je ta previsok imeli bolečine v hrbtenici (n=7) sta bila 2 (28,6 %), ki sta (nad 65 dB). Na tak način bi lahko potencialno vplivali na bila zaposlena na enoti s povprečno glasnostjo 62,49 dB, zmanjšanje bolniških staležev, ki so posledica bolečin v 4 (57,5 %) so bili zaposleni na enoti s povprečno hrbtenici. Za boljše razumevanje problematike dela v glasnostjo 64,12 dB, 1 (35,3 %) je bil zaposlen na enoti s hrupu in vplivu le tega na pojavnost bolečin v hrbtenici, povprečno glasnostjo 65,99 dB. Statistična analiza z bi seveda bilo potrebno ponoviti raziskavo na večjem Mann Whitney U testom ne pokaže signifikantne razlike vzorcu in v delovnih okoljih, kjer je nivo hrupa višji. Za med glasnostjo delovnega okolja in pojavnostjo določitev bolj natančnega in realnega nivoja hrupa, bolečine v hrbtenici (U=57000; p=0,90). Med tistimi kateremu je posamezen zdravstveni delavec v prostoru zdravstvenimi delavci, ki so imeli v zadnjem letu izpostavljen, bi bilo smotrno izvesti meritve s prenosnim bolečino v hrbtenici, je bilo 12 (70,6 %) takšnih, ki svoje merilnikom jakosti zvoka, ki ga oseba nosi s seboj. delo ocenjujejo kot stresno in 5 (29,4 %), ki svoje delo ocenjujejo kot ne stresno. Med tistimi zdravstvenimi delavci, ki v zadnjem letu niso imeli bolečin v hrbtenici, Ključne besede: bolniški stalež; hrup; mišično skeletno je bilo 5 (71,4 %) takšnih, ki svoje delo ocenjujejo kot obolenje; zdravstveni delavci, bolečine NASLOV AVTORJEV: Marcel DUH, mag. zdr. nege, Univerzitetni klinični center, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-pošta: marcel.duh666@gmail.com, Doc. dr. David HALOŽAN, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: david.halozan@um.si 25 BARBARA KEGL, MATEJA LORBER ATTITUDES OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASE TO THEIR HEALTH ODNOS PACIENTOV S KRONIČNO BOLEZNIJO DO LASTNEGA ZDRAVJA ATTITUDES OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASE TO THEIR HEALTH ODNOS PACIENTOV S KRONIČNO BOLEZNIJO DO LASTNEGA ZDRAVJA BARBARA KEGL, MATEJA LORBER Introduction Results The patients who have a chronic disease must be The study results found that 78% of respondents had empowered to have a healthy lifestyle, thereby taking breakfast daily and 3-5 meals per day. One third of responsibility for their personal health. Health is the participants eat fruit and vegetables once a day, while most valuable asset in modern society. The aim of the fish was only eaten once a week. Only 13% were study was to determine the lifestyle of patients with engaged with moderate physical activity for at least 150 chronic disease. minutes per week and 10% of these participants engaged with intensive physical activity for at least 75 Methods minutes per week. Survey results showed that 20% of Research was based on a quantitative research method. the respondents are smokers; 4% presented with a risk The research was conducted in the northeast part of quantity of alcohol daily at the last 12 months; and 8% Slovenia. We included patients with one or more had a risk quantity of alcohol by consuming alcohol 1-3 chronic diseases (n=200) and used the available sample. times a week. Given the calculation of BMI is only 31% In the period from September to December 2016, were with the normal weight; 74% of respondents assessed distributed 200 questionnaires, 162 were returned and their health as good, very good or excellent. correctly completed, that representing a 55% response. Discussion and conclusion Questionnaires were distributed to patients who were at the time of the research at the Health Centre. Individuals take personal responsibility for a healthy Cronbach Alpha of the questionnaire was 0.770. Each lifestyle. It is necessary to recognize the risk factors questionnaire included a cover letter and envelope with because of the increasing number of chronic diseases in the address of the researcher and a code to ensure society. Findings suggest that patients who already have confidentiality. Written permission from the chronic disease also present with many other risk participating health centers was obtained prior to factors. The promotion of healthy lifestyle is necessary carrying out the study. Statistical analysis was for empowering patients with chronic disease to take performed using the statistical program SPSS 20.0. care of their own health. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the measured variables. Keywords: Health promotion, active population, lifestyle, patients, healthy lifestyle, research CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Barbara KEGL, M.S., Senior Lecturer, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: barbara.kegl@um.si, Mateja LORBER, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: mateja.lorber@um.si. 26 BARBARA KEGL, MATEJA LORBER ATTITUDES OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASE TO THEIR HEALTH ODNOS PACIENTOV S KRONIČNO BOLEZNIJO DO LASTNEGA ZDRAVJA Uvod Rezultati Pacient, ki ima kronično bolezen mora biti opolnomočen Ugotovljeno je bilo, da 78 % anketiranih pacientov s o zdravem življenjskem slogu, da lahko sam skrbi za kronično boleznijo vsakodnevno uživa zajtrk in ima 3-5 lastno zdravje. Zdravje je namreč največja vrednota v obrokov dnevno. Dobra tretjina jih uživa sadje in sodobni družbi. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti zelenjavo enkrat dnevno, medtem ko rib nihče ne uživa življenjski slog pri pacientih s kronično boleznijo. vsaj enkrat na teden. Le 13 % se jih ukvarja z zmerno telesno dejavnostjo vsaj 150 minut tedensko in 10 % z Metode intenzivno telesno dejavnostjo vsaj 75 minut na teden. Uporabljena je bila kvantitativna metodologija 20 % anketiranih je kadilcev, 4 % jih je v zadnjih 12 raziskovanja. Raziskava je bila izvedena na SV delu mesecih popilo tvegano količino alkohola vsak dan in 8 Slovenije. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 200 aktivnih % jih je popilo tvegano količino alkohola 1-3 krat pacientov z eno ali več kroničnimi boleznimi. Uporabili tedensko. Glede na izračun ITM je le 31 % anketiranih smo namenski vzorec. V času od septembra do normalno prehranjenih. Kar 74 % anketiranih je svoje decembra 2016 smo razdelili 200 vprašalnikov, vrnjenih zdravje ocenilo kot dobro, zelo dobro ali odlično. je bilo 162 pravilno izpolnjenih, kar predstavlja 55 % Diskusija in zaključek odziv. Vprašalnike smo razdelili pacientom, ki so v predvidenem času raziskave obiskali osebnega Za življenjski slog se odloči posameznik sam. Potrebna je zdravnika. Vsakemu vprašalniku je bilo priloženo pravočasna prepoznava dejavnikov tveganja, ki spremno pismo z namenom raziskave ter kuverta z povečujejo razvoj kronično nenalezljivih bolezni, saj naslovom raziskovalca ter znamka z namenom vrnitve ugotovitve kažejo, da so pri pacientih, ki že imajo izpolnjenih vprašalnikov po pošti, s čemer smo kronično bolezen še vedno prisotni številni dejavniki zagotovili anonimnost. Pred izvedbo raziskave smo si tveganja. Z promocijo zdravega življenjskega sloga je pridobili pisno soglasje sodelujočega zdravstvenega potrebno opolnomočiti paciente s kronično boleznijo v doma. Za obdelavo podatkov smo uporabili računalniški skrbi za lastno zdravje. program SPSS 20,0. Z uporabo opisne statistike smo ugotavljali posamezne deleže ter ocene merjenih spremenljivk. Stopnja zanesljivosti (Crobach Alpha) Ključne besede: promocija zdravja, aktivna populacija, uporabljenega vprašalnika je znašala 0,770. življenjski slog, pacient, zdrav življenjski slog, raziskave NASLOV AVTORJEV: Viš. predav. mag. Barbara KEGL, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: barbara.kegl@um.si, Doc. dr. Mateja LORBER, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: mateja.lorber@um.si. 27 ZVONKA FEKONJA, ZALIKA ELDERLY-CENTERED CARE IN EMERGENCY KLEMENC-KETIŠ, MATEJ DEPARTMENT STRNAD, MAJDA K STAROSTNIKU OSREDOTOČENA ZDRAVSTVENA PAJNKIHAR OBRAVNAVA NA URGENCI ELDERLY-CENTERED CARE IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT K STAROSTNIKU OSREDOTOČENA ZDRAVSTVENA OBRAVNAVA NA URGENCI ZVONKA FEKONJA, ZALIKA KLEMENC-KETIŠ, MATEJ STRNAD, MAJDA PAJNKIHAR Introduction Results Increasing emergency department visit rates among The three main categories have been identified: (1) elderly means that these are becoming a major part of medical - technical interventions, (2) information, (3) the population seeking emergency health care. From stressful environment, (4) experience of care and (5) the perspective of older people and their relatives, the needs of elderly. experience of the visit emergency is challenging. Discussion and conclusions Improving the experience of all of these, includes not only good medical care, but also care for the elderly with Elderly population usually has high expectations of kindness, compassion and respect. The elderly-centered health care in the emergency and expectations are quite health care defined such a standard of care that puts the similar as with other patients. Elderly centered care elderly at the center of care and recognize the consist from several different concept that interact with importance of the patient's knowledge and experience. each other and determine the care experience for both The purpose of the article is to explore and analyze patient and staff. Analysis of the literature has showed published literature in the English language about the that identification of the needs of the elderly in the key elements of elderly-centered care in the emergency emergency service provide an opportunity for the department. development of such a strategy of care that will meet the needs of the patients and at the same time have a Methods positive impact on the medical staff. Emergency care for For a systematic review we used databases the elderly patient should reflect inter and intra- PubMed/MEDLINE, SAGE, CINAHL and ScienceDirect. In professional health care, evidence-based nursing care the literature review. Articles that were related to the focusing on the needs of the patient, his family and the topic of experience of patients older than 65 years in the wider local community. emergency department were included in the literature review. Keywords: person centeredness, emergency, experience of the elderly, satisfaction of elderly, elderly population CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Zvonka FEKONJA, Assistant, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: zvonka.fekonja@um.si, Zalika KLEMENC-KETIŠ, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Univerza v Mariboru, Medicinska fakulteta, SI; zalika.klemenc@um.si, Matej STRNAD, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: strnad.matej78@gmail.com, Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: majda.pajnkihar@um.si. 28 ZVONKA FEKONJA, ZALIKA ELDERLY-CENTERED CARE IN EMERGENCY KLEMENC-KETIŠ, MATEJ DEPARTMENT STRNAD, MAJDA K STAROSTNIKU OSREDOTOČENA ZDRAVSTVENA PAJNKIHAR OBRAVNAVA NA URGENCI Uvod zdravstveno obravnavo v urgentni ambulanti: medicinsko tehnične intervencije, informiranost, V urgentnih centrih narašča število obravnav stresno okolje, izkušnja skrbi, potrebe starostnika. starostnikov, ki postajajo velik del populacije, ki išče nujno zdravstveno oskrbo. Z vidika starejših ljudi in Diskusija in zaključek njihovih svojcev je izkušnja obiska urgence zahtevna. Starejša populacija ima po navadi velika pričakovanja Izboljšanje izkušnje le teh ne vključuje le dobro glede zdravstvene oskrbe na urgenci in pričakovanja so zdravstveno oskrbo, ampak tudi skrb za starostnika s podobna tistim, ki jih ima vsak pacient. K starostniku prijaznostjo, sočutjem in spoštovanjem. K pacientu osredotočena oskrba je sestavljena iz več različnih osredotočena zdravstvena oskrba opisuje takšen konceptov, ki so v medsebojni interakciji in poudarjajo standard zdravstvene oskrbe, ki postavlja starostnika v zadovoljno, učinkovito, varno in humano izkušnjo središče dogajanja in prepozna pomen njegovega znanja oskrbe za pacienta, družino in zdravstveno osebje. ter izkušenj. Namen prispevka je raziskati in analizirati Analiza literature služi prepoznavi potreb starostnikov literature v angleškem jeziku o značilnostih k starostniku na urgenci in nudi priložnost za razvoj sodobne osredotočene zdravstvene oskrbe v urgentni ambulanti. strategije oskrbe, ki bo ustrezala potrebam starostnikov Metode in hkrati pozitivno vplivala na njihove izkušnje ter znanje zdravstvenega osebja. Urgentna oskrba starostnikov Za sistematičen pregled literature smo uporabili zbirke mora odražati inter in intraprofesionalno zdravstveno podatkov PubMed/MEDLINE, SAGE, CINAHL in oskrbo in na dokazih utemeljeno zdravstveno nego, ki ScienceDirect. V pregled literature so bili vključeni bo osredotočena k starostniku, njegovi družini, svojcem članki, ki so se nanašali na temo izkušenj starejših in širši lokalni skupnosti. pacientov starih več kot 65 let z zdravstveno oskrbo v urgentni ambulanti. Rezultati Ključne besede: pacient v središču zdravstvene obravnave, urgenca, izkušnja starostnika, zadovoljstvo Pri pregledu literature so bili ugotovljeni naslednji starostnika, starejša populacija elementi, ki vplivajo k starostniku osredotočeno NASLOV AVTORJEV: Asist. Zvonka FEKONJA, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: zvonka.fekonja@um.si, Doc. dr. Zalika KLEMENC-KETIŠ, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: zalika.klemenc@um.si, Doc. dr. Matej STRNAD, Univerza v Mariboru, Medicinska fakulteta, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: strnad.matej78@gmail.com, izr. prof. Dr (Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Severne Irske) Majda PAJNKIHAR, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: majda.pajnkihar@um.si. 29 MARCEL DUH, DAVID HALOŽAN, COMPARISON OF BACK PAIN AMONG JADRANKA STRIČEVIĆ PHYSIOTHERAPISTS AND NURSES IN THE MARIBOR REGION (SLOVENIA) PRIMERJAVA POJAVNOSTI BOLEČINE V HRBTENICI MED FIZIOTERAPEVTI IN MEDICINSKIMI SESTRAMI V MARIBORSKI REGIJI COMPARISON OF BACK PAIN AMONG PHYSIOTHERAPISTS AND NURSES IN THE MARIBOR REGION (SLOVENIA) PRIMERJAVA POJAVNOSTI BOLEČINE V HRBTENICI MED FIZIOTERAPEVTI IN MEDICINSKIMI SESTRAMI V MARIBORSKI REGIJI MARCEL DUH, DAVID HALOŽAN, JADRANKA STRIČEVIĆ Introduction Results Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and long-term 33 physiotherapists (73.3 %) had back in the last year absence from work is common among professions such and 12 (26.7 %) had no back pain. 33 nurses (73.3 %) had as physiotherapists and nurses due to handling high back in the last year and 12 (26.7 %) had no back pain. loads. Manual transfer of patients is dangerous because Based on the statistical test we found that there is no of different factors and not only high weight of the statistically significant difference in the occurrence of patient. Purpose of study was to determine which back pain between the two professions in the last year profession is more prone to back pain and whether the (χ² (3) =2.277; p=0.517). The group of health workers, length of service and place of employment has an who had back pain (n = 66) had an average rank of 49.89 impact on the incidence of back pain. in comparison to the length of service. The group of health workers, who had no back pain (n = 24) had an Methods average rank of 33.42 in comparison to the length of We used a questionnaire consisting of open- and closed- service. Based on the Mann Whitney U test, we find that type questions with one or more possible answers, health care workers with more years of service have based on the Likert scale. Questionnaires were statistically significant more back pain than health care distributed to physiotherapists and nurses. The study workers with less years of service (U = 502.00, p = included 90 health professionals (45 physiotherapists 0.008). Among the health care workers, who had back and 45 nurses) employed in different wards of the (n = 66) there were 50 (75.8%) who worked with University Clinical Centre Maribor, the Dr. Adolf Drolc immobile patients and 16 (24.2%), who worked with Health Centre in Maribor, the Danica Vogrinec Home for mobile patients. Among the health care workers who the elderly and the Hrastovec social care institution. The had no back pain (n = 24), there were 19 (79.2%) who survey was conducted in June 2016. The average age of worked with immobile patients and 5 (20.8%), who physiotherapists was 41.40 ± 9.48 years, they were in worked with the mobile patients. Based on the Fisher's direct contact with the patient (direct labour) on Exact test, we find that there is a statistically significant average 7.02 ± 1.16 hours per shift and had on average relationship between back pain and place of 17.43 ± 10.22 years of service. The average age of nurses employment (p = 0.03). was 40.80 ± 10.10 years, they were in direct contact Discussion and conclusions with a patient on average 6.97 ± 1.37 hours per shift and had on average 20.10 ± 11.21 years of service. For Based on the results of our study we find that nurses statistical analysis, we used the computer program IBM and physiotherapists are at the risk of developing a back SPSS, version 21. Results were tested with Chi square pain. We can conclude that the profession of test, Mann-Whitney U Test and Fisher`s Exact Test. physiotherapist or nurse is a risk factor for the development of back pain. We find that length of service has a significant impact on the incidence of back CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Marcel DUH, University Clinical Center Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: marcel.duh666@gmail.com, David HALOŽAN, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: david.halozan@um.si, Jadranka STRIČEVIĆ, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: jadranka.stricevic@um.si. 30 MARCEL DUH, DAVID HALOŽAN, COMPARISON OF BACK PAIN AMONG JADRANKA STRIČEVIĆ PHYSIOTHERAPISTS AND NURSES IN THE MARIBOR REGION (SLOVENIA) PRIMERJAVA POJAVNOSTI BOLEČINE V HRBTENICI MED FIZIOTERAPEVTI IN MEDICINSKIMI SESTRAMI V MARIBORSKI REGIJI pain. Physiotherapists and nurses with more years of Uvod service have more back pain than those with less years Prevalenca mišično-skeletnih poškodb in dalj časa of service. Furthermore, we find that physiotherapists trajajoča odsotnost z dela je visoka med poklici, ki and nurses who work predominantly with immobile vključujejo manipuliranje z visokimi obremenitvami, patients have more back pain than those who work with med katere spadata tudi poklica fizioterapevta in mobile patients. Considering the high handling loads medicinske sestre. Nevarnosti pri dvigovanju in physiotherapists and nurses are daily faced with, the premeščanju pacientov ne predstavlja samo teža use of ergonomic assistive devices is inevitable if we are pacienta, ampak je ta posledica več dejavnikov. Namen to reduce the incidence of back pain among health care raziskave je bil ugotoviti, pri katerem profilu workers. An important role have the educational zdravstvenih delavcev se zaradi velikih obremenitev, ki institutions to teach students on how to safely operate nastajajo med rokovanjem s pacientom (transfer, these devices and medical institutions to equip premikanje po postelji, ...) pogosteje pojavlja bolečina v healthcare workers with ergonomic assistive devices. hrbtenici in ali so dolžina delovne dobe ter mesto zaposlitve vzrok za bolečine v hrbtenici. Keywords: ergonomy, back pain, healthcare workers, Metode physiotherapy, nurse, manual transfer, patient V raziskavi smo uporabili anketni vprašalnik, ki je sestavljen iz vprašanj odprtega in zaprtega tipa z enim ali več možnimi odgovori, in z vprašanj, ki temeljijo na Likertovi lestvici. Za statistično analizo rezultatov smo uporabili Mann-Whitney-jev U-test, Fischerjev Exact test, in Hi- kvadrat test ter računalniški program IBM SPSS, verzijo 21. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 90 zdravstvenih delavcev (45 fizioterapevtov in 45 medicinskih sester), ki so bili zaposleni na različnih oddelkih Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra Maribor, v Zdravstvenem domu dr. Adolfa Drolca Maribor, Domu Danice Vogrinec Maribor in Socialno varstvenemu zavodu Hrastovec. Raziskava je bila opravljena v juniju 2016. Pred izvedbo raziskave smo pridobili potrebna soglasja ustanov za izvedbo anketiranja. Povprečna starost fizioterapevtov je bila 41,40 ± 9,48 let, povprečna dolžina delovne dobe je bila 17,43 ± 10,22 let, v neposrednem stiku s pacientom (neposredno delo) so bili povprečno 7,02 ± 1,16 ur. Povprečna starost medicinskih sester je bila 40,80 ± 10,10 let, povprečna dolžina delovne dobe je bila 20,10 ± 11,21 let, v neposrednem stiku s pacientom (neposredno delo) so bile povprečno 6,97 ± 1,37 ur. Rezultati 33 fizioterapevtov (73,3 %) je imelo v zadnjem letu bolečine v hrbtenici, 12 (26,7 %) pa jih bolečin v hrbtenici ni imelo. Tudi 33 medicinskih sester (73,3 %) je NASLOV AVTORJEV: Marcel DUH, Univerzitetni klinični center Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: marcel.duh666@gmail.com, Doc. dr. David HALOŽAN, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: david.halozan@um.si, Doc. dr. Jadranka STRIČEVIĆ; Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: jadranka.stricevic@um.si. 31 MARCEL DUH, DAVID HALOŽAN, COMPARISON OF BACK PAIN AMONG JADRANKA STRIČEVIĆ PHYSIOTHERAPISTS AND NURSES IN THE MARIBOR REGION (SLOVENIA) PRIMERJAVA POJAVNOSTI BOLEČINE V HRBTENICI MED FIZIOTERAPEVTI IN MEDICINSKIMI SESTRAMI V MARIBORSKI REGIJI imelo v zadnjem letu bolečine v hrbtenici, 12 (26,7 %) pa Diskusija in zaključek jih bolečin v hrbtenici ni imelo. Na podlagi opravljene študije ugotavljamo, da so tako Na podlagi Hi- kvadrat testa ugotovimo, da ni statistično medicinske sestre, kot tudi fizioterapevti izpostavljeni pomembne povezave med pojavnostjo bolečine v tveganju za nastanek bolečin v hrbtenici. Iz tega hrbtenici in obema poklicema v zadnjem letu sklepamo, da je opravljanje poklica fizioterapevta, (χ²(3)=2,277, p=0,517). Skupina zdravstvenih delavcev, oziroma medicinske sestre dejavnik tveganja za razvoj ki je v zadnjem letu imela bolečino v hrbtenici (n=66) bolečine v hrbtenici. Ugotavljamo, da dolžina delovne ima glede na dolžino delovne dobe povprečen rang dobe pomembno vpliva na razvoj bolečin v hrbtenici. 49,89. Skupina zdravstvenih delavcev, ki bolečin v Fizioterapevti in medicinske sestre z daljšo delovno hrbtenici v zadnjem letu ni imela (n=24), ima povprečen dobo imajo več bolečin v hrbtenici kot tisti s krajšo rang glede na dolžino delovne dobe 33,42. Na podlagi delovno dobo. Ugotavljamo še, da imajo zdravstveni Mann Whitney U testa ugotavljamo, da imajo delavci, ki vsakodnevno delajo s slabo pomičnimi zdravstveni delavci z daljšo delovno dobo statistično pacienti več bolečin v hrbtenici kot tisti, ki delajo z bolj značilno več bolečin v hrbtenici kot zdravstveni delavci s pomičnimi pacienti. Glede na obremenitve s katerimi se krajšo delovno dobo (U=502,00, p=0,008). Med vsakodnevno srečujejo fizioterapevti in medicinske zdravstvenimi delavci, ki so imeli bolečino v hrbtenici sestre pri premeščanju pacientov je (pravilna) uporaba (n=66) jih 50 (75,8 %) dela s slabo pomičnimi pacienti, ergonomsko-tehničnih pripomočkov neizogibna, če 16 (24,2 %) pa s pomičnimi pacienti. Med zdravstvenimi želimo zmanjšati pojavnost bolečine v hrbtenici. delavci, ki niso imeli bolečine v hrbtenici (n=24) jih 19 Pomembno vlogo pri tem imajo izobraževalne ustanove, (79,2 %) dela s slabo pomičnimi pacienti, 5 (20,8 %) pa s ki bi bodoče zdravstvene delavce naučile rokovati s temi pomičnimi pacienti. Na podlagi Fisherjevega Exact testa pripomočki in zdravstvene ustanove, ki bi ergonomsko- ugotavljamo, da med bolečino v hrbtenici in mestom tehnične pripomočke zagotovile. zaposlitve obstaja statistično značilna povezava (p=0,03). Ključne besede: ergonomija, bolečina v hrbtenici; zdravstveni delavci, fizioterapija, medicinska sestra, ročno premeščanje, pacient NASLOV AVTORJEV: Marcel DUH, Univerzitetni klinični center Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: marcel.duh666@gmail.com, Doc. dr. David HALOŽAN, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: david.halozan@um.si, Doc. dr. Jadranka STRIČEVIĆ; Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: jadranka.stricevic@um.si. 32 SUZANNE DENIEFFE, A LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF MAJDA PAJNKIHAR, DRAGON BOATING ON WELLBEING MARGARET DENNY A LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF DRAGON BOATING ON WELLBEING SUZANNE DENIEFFE, MAJDA PAJNKIHAR, MARGARET DENNY Introduction time points) were compared with those women who provided data at only 1 or 2 time points using Fatigue following treatment for breast cancer is a independent two tailed t tests for the continuous significant problem for many women and has a variables of age, fatigue and Quick Dash scores. The profound impact on their quality of life, physical, presence of fatigue, at the 3 time points, early in racing emotional and mental functioning. Exercise is known to season (T1), midway through season (T2) and at end of be beneficial for both physical and psychological health. racing season (T3) was examined using the FACT- F, with It has been shown that group exercise programmes for a cut-off score of 9 indicating the presence of fatigue. breast cancer survivors is successful because of the Mean fatigue scores were analysed using repeated networking and social function of such groups. Dragon measures analysis of variance (rANOVA). Post-hoc tests boat racing is one such contemporary group based used Bonferroni correction. Spearman’s correlation co- rehabilitation exercise form. Studies on women who efficient was used to examine the relationships participated in dragon boat racing showed positive between fatigue level, age and time since completion of psychological benefits since it led to feelings of treatment. Upper Limb Functioning and Global Quality camaraderie, a sense of renewed fitness and health, of Life was statistically analysed using rANOVA. enhanced self-confidence and control of one’s life. Nonetheless, the effects of participating in dragon boat Results racing and its influence on fatigue levels and Fatigue levels fell significantly between T1&T2 psychological health related benefits is less well known. (p<0.033) and from T2 to T3 (p<0.048). Similarly, upper The aim of the study was to explore the effects of limb functioning improved from T1 to T2 (p<0.002), but dragon boat racing on fatigue and health related quality showed no significant change between T2&T3 (p<0.58). of life. Fatigue was significantly related to quality of life at each Methods time point. The study used was a longitudinal cohort design. Data Discussion and Conclusion were collected from breast cancer survivors (n=49) to In conclusion, while this was a small-scale study, the measure fatigue (Functional Assessment of Cancer longitudinal design used suggested that dragon boat Therapy-Fatigue Scale), quality of life and functioning racing, as an exercise mode, appears to have beneficial (EORTC QLQ C30) and upper arm functioning (Quick effects on psychological well-being including reduction Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand of fatigue, which impacts on health-related quality of Questionnaire). Time points for data collection were at life for women post breast cancer. the beginning of the racing season (time-point 1: T1), midway through the programme (time-point 2: T2) and at the end of the dragon boat season (time-point 3: T3). Keywords: Cancer related fatigue, wellbeing, dragon Statistical differences between those women who boat racing, longitudinal cohort design, breast cancer provided completed data (questionnaires for all three CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Suzanne DENIEFFE, Ph.D, MSc (Hons), BSc(Hons),RGN,RPN,RNT, Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus Cork Road, Waterford City, X91 K0EK ,Co. Waterford, Ireland, e-mail: sdeniffe@wit.ie, Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: majda.pajnkihar@um.si, Dr Margaret DENNY, D.Phil, MPhil(Hons), BSc (Hons), PGDip, RPN, RBT, RNT, Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus Cork Road, Waterford City, X91 K0EK ,Co. Waterford, Ireland, e-mail: denny.margaret@gmail.com. 33 IVANA BARAĆ, JADRANKA EFFECTS OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING ON PLUŽARIĆ, RADIVOJE RADIĆ CLINICAL DECISION MAKING ABILITY AMONG UNDERGRADUATE NURSING STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY J.J.STROSSMAYER OSIJEK EFFECTS OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING ON CLINICAL DECISION MAKING ABILITY AMONG UNDERGRADUATE NURSING STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY J.J.STROSSMAYER OSIJEK IVANA BARAĆ, JADRANKA PLUŽARIĆ, RADIVOJE RADIĆ Introduction Results Nursing students need to develop critical thinking The average values for the overall and subscales of ability, as well as an understanding of how judgements clinical decision making leaned slightly in the positive and decisions are reached in complex healthcare direction. There is a difference in the assessment of environments. The use of techniques such as problem- decision-making in the areas of searching for based learning, simulation and feedback has been information and evaluation and re-evaluation of hypothesised to help with the development of critical consequences. thinking skills. A curriculum that incorporates teaching Discussion on different ways in which judgements and decisions are reached can potentially help students identify how The ability to exhibit decision-making skills is a to avoid errors and mistakes in their clinical practice. fundamental requirement of undergraduate nursing The aim of this study was to determine the perception curricula. The nursing students possessed adequate of clinical decision making ability among nursing clinical decision making ability. students before and after problem based learning. Conclusion Methods Problem-based learning contributes to decision-making A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in skills. Problem-based learning have been shown to be a two measuring points and problem-based learning with tool to help with developing decision-making skills. case report was used as an independent variable. A total Keywords: clinical decision making, nursing students, of 61 nursing students were recruited using a clinical problem based learning, ical thinking ability, clinical decision making in nursing scale. decision CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Ivana BARAĆ, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Faculty of Medicine, Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 10E, 31000 Osijek, Republic of Croatia, Jadranka PLUŽARIĆ, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Faculty of Medicine, Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 10E, 31000 Osijek, Republic of Croatia, Radivoje RADIĆ, Ph.D., Full Professor, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Faculty of Medicine, Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 10E, 31000 Osijek, Republic of Croatia, e-mail: rradic@mefos.hr. 34 TITA STANEK ZIDARIČ, QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GIBBS RENATA VETTORAZZI STRUCTURED REFLECTION AS A TEACHING METHOD AT THE ELECTIVE COURSE BREASTFEEDING AND LACTATION QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GIBBS STRUCTURED REFLECTION AS A TEACHING METHOD AT THE ELECTIVE COURSE BREASTFEEDING AND LACTATION KVALITATIVNA ANALIZA METODE POUČEVANJA STRUKTURIRANE REFLEKSIJE PO GIBBSU PRI IZBIRNEM PREDMETU DOJENJE IN LAKTACIJA TITA STANEK ZIDARIČ, RENATA VETTORAZZI Introduction coding. Codes were then classified into categories, and the last step was made to identify the main theme. Each Adequate knowledge regarding breastfeeding and author has conducted an independent analysis and the lactation should be obtained during education, because final consensus was reached after discussion. it is expected that after graduation health care professionals had already formed leadership skills for Results breastfeeding and lactation. In the academic year Through the interpretation of the analyzed text the 2010/11, an elective interdisciplinary course following main theme emerged Confident knowledge Breastfeeding and Lactation was presented to nursing, transfers from theory to practice. Students feel midwifery and occupational therapy students. The responsible for the entire advisory process which is very course includes lectures, laboratory work and clinical motivating for the in-depth study. Self-reflection allows practice. One of the planned study achievements is the them to systematically and critically look at their own ability to advise and to use the acquired knowledge in skills, both theoretical and practical. They mention self - real life situations. In order to successfully complete the esteem, self-confidence and personal satisfaction. The course every student needs to advise a women or analysis confirmed that the Gibbs structured reflection lactating pair in a real clinical setting, using a pre- can verify the achievement of the competence of prepared document. This also includes compulsory counseling to a breastfeeding couple. written reflection on the counseling process / event using Gibb’s model for reflective analyses. The purpose Discussion and Conclusion of the study is to determine whether Gibb’s reflective In most breastfeeding and lactation courses the content model can be used as a learning method to verify the is delivered by lectures and study literature. To achieve achievement of a competence; counseling a the degree of independent counseling it is vital that the breastfeeding couple. students have contact with clinical practice. According Methods to the findings, the introduction of active teaching and learning methods ie. Reflection if the counseling process A qualitative methodology approach was used to / event contributed significantly to an in-depth study analyze the text of 37 students who were enrolled in and with his help, reached out to the students to elective course Breastfeeding and Lactation in academic achieve the objectives and subject-specific years 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. The students competences. responded to the question: what sense did you make, find in this situation? Using Graneheim and Lundman (2004) content analysis first of all the meaning unit was Keywords: breastfeeding, active learning techniques, determined, which was in this case the fourth step of students, adequate knowledge, lactation Gibbs reflective cycle. Followed the condensation and CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Tita STANEK ZIDARIČ, Assistant, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: tita.zidaric@zf.uni-lj.si, Renata VETTORAZZI, Lecturer, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: renata.vettorazzi@zf.uni-lj.si 35 TITA STANEK ZIDARIČ, QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GIBBS RENATA VETTORAZZI STRUCTURED REFLECTION AS A TEACHING METHOD AT THE ELECTIVE COURSE BREASTFEEDING AND LACTATION Uvod Kode s podobnim pomenom so bile nato razvrščene v kategorije in v zadnjem koraku je bila narejena glavna Ustrezno znanje glede dojenja je potrebno dobiti že v tema. Vsaka avtorica je opravila samostojno analizo, času izobraževanja, saj se v praksi pričakuje, da bodo nato pa sta z diskusijo dosegli končni konsenz. diplomati zdravstvenih strok že imeli izoblikovane kompetence vodenja dojenja in laktacije. S tem v mislih Rezultati se je v študijskem letu 2010/11 pričela izvedba izbirnega S pomočjo interpretacije analiziranega besedila je bila interdisciplinarnega predmeta dojenje in laktacija za oblikovana naslednja glavna tema: Samozavesten študente zdravstvene nege, babištva in delovne prenos znanja iz teorije v prakso. Študentje se čutijo terapije. Predmet Dojenje in laktacija vključuje tako odgovorni za celoten svetovalni proces, kar jih zelo predavanja, laboratorijske vaje kot tudi klinične vaje. motivira za poglobljen študij. Samorefleksija jim Eden izmed predvidenih študijskih dosežkov je omogoča sistematičen in kritičen pogled na lastno sposobnost svetovanja oziroma uporabe pridobljenega znanje, tako teoretično kot praktično. Navajajo znanja v konkretni življenjski situaciji. Vsak študent za samozavest, zaupanje vase in osebno zadovoljstvo. Z zaključek kliničnih vaj v kliničnem okolju svetuje ženski analizo je bilo potrjeno, da se s strukturirano refleksijo oziroma doječemu paru, pri čemer uporabi vnaprej po Gibbsu lahko preveri dosežene kompetence pripravljeno dokumentacijo. Le ta vsebuje tudi obvezno svetovanja doječemu paru. pisno refleksijo svetovalnega procesa/dogodka po Gibbsu. Namen raziskave je ugotoviti ali z učno metodo Diskusija in zaključek strukturirane refleksije po Gibbsu lahko preverimo Vsebine o dojenju in laktaciji so v večini študijskih dosežene kompetence svetovanja doječemu paru. programov podane s predavanji ter študijem literature. Metode Za doseganje stopnje samostojnega izvajanja svetovanja pa je nujno potreben tudi stik s klinično prakso. Glede Uporabljena je bila kvalitativna metodologija in sicer na ugotovitve raziskave je uvedba aktivne metode analiza besedila, kjer je 37 študentov, ki so predmet poučevanja in učenja tj. refleksije svetovalnega Dojenje in laktacija poslušali v študijskih letih 2015/2016 procesa/dogodka pomembno pripomogla k in 2016/2017 odgovarjalo na vprašanje: kakšen smisel poglobljenemu študiju in tudi z njegovo pomočjo so našli v tem dogodku. Narejena je bila kvalitativna dosegla, da so študentje dosegli cilje in predmetno vsebinska analiza po Graneheim in Lundman (2004). V specifične kompetence predmeta. prvem koraku smo določili enote kodiranja, kar je bilo v tem primeru četrti korak po Gibbsu. V naslednjem Ključne besede: dojenje; aktivne metode učenja; koraku je bilo opravljeno zgoščevanje in nato kodiranje. študenti, ustrezno znanje, laktacija NASLOV AVTORJEV: Asist. Tita STANEK ZIDARIČ, Univerza v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fakulteta, Zdravstvena pot 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: tita.zidaric@zf.uni-lj.si, predav. Renata VETTORAZZI, Univerza v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fakulteta, Zdravstvena pot 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, e-mail: renata.vettorazzi@zf.uni-lj.si. 36 ŠPELA VIDOVIČ, KARL TURK, SLOVENIA DECLARED AS A COUNTRY, FREE FROM ZORAN SIMONOVIĆ, SANJA VUZEM RABIES: A NEW APPROACH TO RABIES PREVENTION SLOVENIJA KOT DRŽAVA, PROSTA STEKLINE: NOV PRISTOP K ANTIRABIČNI OBRAVNAVI SLOVENIA DECLARED AS A COUNTRY, FREE FROM RABIES: A NEW APPROACH TO RABIES PREVENTION SLOVENIJA KOT DRŽAVA, PROSTA STEKLINE: NOV PRISTOP K ANTIRABIČNI OBRAVNAVI ŠPELA VIDOVIČ, KARL TURK, ZORAN SIMONOVIĆ, SANJA VUZEM Introduction vaccination and they vary in vaccination schedule and the route of vaccine administration. In the case of re- Recommendations for rabies immunization have exposure, WHO recommends two booster doses. Three changed over the last number of years. Since the self- doses of vaccine are recommended for those, who have declaration of Slovenia being free of rabies, there have an increased risk of exposure due to their occupation. been some minor changes in the recommendations for Antibody monitoring is recommended every 6 months treatment of animal bite victims. A critical review of for the personnel working at the rabies laboratory and current recommendations regarding rabies prevention every 2 years for those, who are at risk of exposure was undertaken to identify the need for adjustment of through their activities, such as certain categories of these recommendations and regulations, thereby taking veterinarians and animal health officers. Booster account of the World Health Organisation (WHO) injection is necessary only if the rabies virus neutralizing directives and policies. The present review provides an antibody titres fall to <0.5 IU/ml. The Slovenian update on the rabies situation in Slovenia and puts recommendations are in accordance with WHO attention to the changes in rabies risk assessment for recommendations. the animal bite victims. Discussion and Conclusions Methods Since the declaration of Slovenia being free of rabies, Empirically published data on rabies occurrence in the numbers of post-exposure vaccination doses against Slovenia was reviewed and it included epidemiological rabies have decreased. The decrease in vaccine and epizootic situation of rabies. A review of WHO application is expected and in accordance with recommendations and current pre- and post-exposure decreased risk of contracting rabies in Slovenia. Besides prophylaxis against rabies in Slovenia was performed. implementing changes in the national guidelines for Comparisons were made between Slovenian preventing rabies, there is also a need to review laws recommendations and those in other European and regulations and adjust them to the new epizootic countries and exemplars of the pros and cons of situation of rabies in Slovenia. Despite the favourable different prevention programs and evidence-based epizootic situation, it is vital to continue with the good practices approaches are cited. effective veterinarian measures, as this is the only way, Results Slovenia will retain the free-of-rabies status. WHO recommends the use of modern cell culture rabies vaccines, which have been proven to be safe and very Keywords: rabies, vaccination, recommendations, data, effective in preventing rabies. There are different WHO recommended schemes for pre- and post-exposure CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Špela VIDOVIČ, National Institute of Public Health, OE Maribor, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: spela.vidovic@nijz.si, Karl TURK, M.S., Senior Lecturer, National Institute of Public Health, OE Maribor, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: karl.turk@zzv-mb.si, Zoran SIMONOVIĆ, National Institute of Public Health, OE Maribor, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: zoran.simonovic@nijz.si, Sanja VUZEM, National Institute of Public Health, OE Maribor, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: sanja.vuzem@nijz.si. 37 ŠPELA VIDOVIČ, KARL TURK, SLOVENIA DECLARED AS A COUNTRY, FREE FROM ZORAN SIMONOVIĆ, SANJA VUZEM RABIES: A NEW APPROACH TO RABIES PREVENTION SLOVENIJA KOT DRŽAVA, PROSTA STEKLINE: NOV PRISTOP K ANTIRABIČNI OBRAVNAVI Uvod proizvedenih na celičnih kulturah. SZO priporoča pred- in poekspozicijsko cepljenje po različnih shemah z Priporočila za cepljenje proti steklini so se v preteklih aplikacijo cepiva intramuskularno ali intradermalno ter letih spreminjala. Odkar se je v letu 2016 Slovenija poživitveno cepljenje z dvema odmerkoma v primeru razglasila kot država, prosta stekline, je ponovno prišlo ponovne izpostavljenosti. Za poklicno izpostavljene je do manjših sprememb v obravnavi posameznikov, ki so priporočeno cepljenje s tremi odmerki cepiva po shemi bile poškodovane s strani živali. Opravili smo kritični za predekspozicijsko cepljenje. Po osnovnem cepljenju pregled trenutno veljavnih priporočil za preprečevanje je priporočeno preverjanje titra protiteles vsakih 6 stekline v Sloveniji z namenom, da bi ugotovili potrebo mesecev pri tistih, ki delajo v laboratoriju za steklino, pri po prilagoditvi teh priporočil in predpisov, pri čemer ostalih izpostavljenih pa vsaki 2 leti. Revakcinacijo se smo upoštevali smernice in priporočila Svetovne opravlja z enim odmerkom le pri tistih, pri katerih titer zdravstvene organizacije (SZO). S pregledom smo opisali protiteles pade pod 0,5 I.E./ml. Slovenska priporočila so spremenjeno epidemiološko situacijo stekline v v skladu s priporočili SZO. Sloveniji in izpostavili spremembe v obravnavi žrtev ugriza. Diskusija in zaključek Metode Od razglasitve Slovenije kot države, proste stekline, se je število apliciranih odmerkov poekspozicijskega Pregledali smo objavljene empirične podatke o cepljenja proti steklini zmanjšalo. Takšno zmanjšanje pojavljanju stekline v Sloveniji ter podatke o apliciranih odmerkov je pričakovano in v skladu z epidemiološki in epizootiološki situaciji. Opravili smo zmanjšanjem tveganja za okužbo s steklino pri nas. pregled priporočil SZO ter trenutno veljavnih priporočil Poleg nacionalnih strokovnih smernic za preprečevanje za pred- ali poekspozicijsko cepljenje proti steklini v stekline pri ljudeh s cepljenjem, bo v prihodnje potrebno Sloveniji. Primerjali smo slovenska priporočila s tistimi v posodobiti tudi zakonske predpise, ki bodo prilagojeni drugih evropskih državah in identificirali prednosti in novi epizootiološki situaciji stekline v Sloveniji. Kljub slabosti različnih programov preprečevanja stekline ter temu je potrebno še naprej izvajati učinkovite poiskali primere na dokazih temelječih dobrih praks iz veterinarske ukrepe, saj bo le tako Slovenija obdržala tujine. status države proste stekline. Rezultati Trenutno veljavna priporočila SZO predvidevajo Ključne besede: steklina; cepljenje; priporočila, podatki, uporabo novejših, dokazano učinkovitih cepiv, WHO NASLOV AVTORJEV: Špela VIDOVIČ, Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje, OE Maribor, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: spela.vidovic@nijz.si, Viš. predav. mag. Karl TURK, Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje, OE Maribor, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: karl.turk@zzv-mb.si, Zoran SIMONOVIĆ, Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje, OE Maribor, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: zoran.simonovic@nijz.si, Sanja VUZEM, National Institute of Public Health, OE Maribor, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: sanja.vuzem@nijz.si. 38 ZVONKA FEKONJA, NINO FIJAČKO, PEER ASSESSMENT BETWEEN STUDENTS OF NURSING NATAŠA MLINAR RELJIĆ CARE BY USING CHECK LIST VRSTNIŠKO VREDNOTENJE Z UPORABO OCENJEVALNIH LISTOV PRI ŠTUDENTIH ZDRAVSTVENE NEGE PEER ASSESSMENT BETWEEN STUDENTS OF NURSING CARE BY USING CHECK LIST VRSTNIŠKO VREDNOTENJE Z UPORABO OCENJEVALNIH LISTOV PRI ŠTUDENTIH ZDRAVSTVENE NEGE ZVONKA FEKONJA, NINO FIJAČKO, NATAŠA MLINAR RELJIĆ Introduction Uvod Peer assessment is one of the alternative forms of Vrstniško ocenjevanje predstavlja eno izmed student’s evaluation in which the student has an active alternativnih oblik ocenjevanja, pri katerem v vlogi role as an evaluator of peer. It represent agreement ocenjevalca nastopajo študenti. Predstavlja dogovor among peers to actively monitor achievement of other med vrstniki, da aktivno spremljajo dosežke drugih in si and give feedback information about it. The purpose of nato posredujejo povratno informacijo. Namen paper is to present the peer evaluation of performed prispevka je predstaviti vrstniško vrednotenje izvedenih intervention of first year students in the clinical skills intervencij študentov prvega letnika v učilnici laboratory for nursing care based on a checklist. zdravstvene nege s pomočjo ček list. Methods Metode The qualitative approach with content analysis of texts Uporabljen je bil kvalitativen pristop z uporabo was used. Dedicated sample consisted of 9 students. vsebinske analize besedila. Namenski vzorec je zajemal Data were obtained through written self-reflection for 9 študentov. Podatki so bili pridobljeni s pomočjo pisnih description the experience of student using peer samorefleksij z opisom študentovih izkušenj o uporabi assessment in clinical skills laboratory. The Gibbs vrstniškega ocenjevanja v učilnici zdravstvene nege. reflective circle have been used, which helped the Uporabljen je bil Gibbsov refleksivni krog, ki je študentu student writing structured self-reflection. pomagal strukturirati pisanje samorefleksije. Results Rezultati The three main categories have been identified: (1) Pri analizi samorefleksij so bile identificirane tri glavne Importance and benefits of peer assessment, (2) tematske kategorije: (1) Pomen in koristi vrstniškega Learning from mistakes and (3) Emotional responses. ocenjevanja, (2) Učenje iz napak in (3) Čustveni odzivi. Discussion and conclusions Diskusija in zaključek Students become active participants in the learning Študenti so z uporabo ček list postali aktivni udeleženci process and evaluation while the checklist were used. v procesu učenja in ocenjevanja ter niso bili samo The results show that the students learn about pasivni opazovalci učiteljevega ocenjevanja. Ugotovitve providing information and feedback to others and kažejo, da so se študentje naučili posredovati thereby develop the ability of critical thinking and informativne in povratne informacije drugim ter ob tem argumentation. For effective peer evaluation, the razvili zmožnost kritičnega mišljenja in argumentiranja. creation of trust and support atmosphere is needed. Za učinkovito vrstniško vrednotenje je potrebno v During the evaluation of each other, the student feel učilnici ustvariti ozračje zaupanja in podpore. Med positive emotions and feeling of importance. Peer ocenjevanjem drug drugega so študenti občutili evaluation allows students the ability for learning from pozitivne emocije in občutke pomembnosti. Vrstniško experience and making constructive critical assessment vrednotenje omogoča študentom zmožnost razvoja of its achievements and the achievements of others. učenja iz izkušenj in konstruktivne kritične presoje svojih dosežkov in dosežkov drugih. Keywords: evaluation, coeval, nursing care, checklist Ključne besede: ocenjevanje, vrstniki, zdravstvena nega, ček lista CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Zvonka FEKONJA, Assistant, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: zvonka.fekonja@um.si, Nino FIJAČKO, Assistant, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: nino.fijacko@um.si, Nataša MLINAR RELJIĆ, Lecturer, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: natasa.mlinar@um.si. 39 SABINA FIJAN, ANJA HRASTNIK, RESULTS OF THE SURVEY AMONG STUDENTS ON MAJA STRAUSS THEIR KNOWLEDGE OF CAFFEINE IZSLEDKI ANKETIRANJA DIJAKOV O POZNAVANJU KOFEINA RESULTS OF THE SURVEY AMONG STUDENTS ON THEIR KNOWLEDGE OF CAFFEINE IZSLEDKI ANKETIRANJA DIJAKOV O POZNAVANJU KOFEINA SABINA FIJAN, ANJA HRASTNIK, MAJA STRAUSS Introduction %) and Coca-Cola (21 %). The least consumed beverage is green or black tea (12 %). Caffeine is a naturally occurring alkaloid that has stimulating properties on the central nervous system. It They are aware of the positive and negative effects of is naturally found in the seeds, nuts, or leaves of a caffeine. 82.5 % of the students stated that a positive number of plants and protects plants against predator effect of caffeine is an increase in energy, 70 % stated insects and prevents germination of nearby seeds. that a positive effect is reduced fatigue. As a negative Caffeine consumption is very common in many age effect 67.5 % of the students reported a rapid heart groups. In this paper we investigated the caffeine rate, and 35 % headache. 91% of the surveyed students consumption habits and the positive and negative felt that they were not dependent on caffeine and 82% effects of caffeine intake among students of two felt that they can renounce drinking caffeinated different high schools in Slovenia. beverages at any time. Methods Discussion and Conclusion A literature review of Slovenian and English expert and Caffeine is the world’s most widely consumed scientific literature using PubMed/Medline and psychoactive drug that is legal and unregulated in many ScienceDirect on caffeine and consumption of caffeine parts of the world and generally recognised as safe among students was conducted. The quantitative (GRAS) according to the Food and Drug Administration descriptive research method was used to collect data (FDA). The toxic dose is 10 g per day and can be reached with a questionnaire. In 2015 we conducted a by consuming pure powdered caffeine available as a purposeful sampling and questioned 40 students from dietary supplement. On the other hand, a typical cup of two high schools in the northern area of Styria Slovenia. coffee with positive stimulating effects contains The questionnaire contained 22 questions of closed- between 80 and 175 mg of caffeine depending on type and open-ended type. The data is presented in of used been and preparation method. Although the percentage shares of the total sample using Microsoft students are aware that it is not recommended to Excel. In this research we were mainly interested in the consume caffeine in excess amounts, they continue extent of knowledge of students on caffeine and its with regular caffeine consumption out of habit. More negative effects, and whether they consume caffeine. and more students enjoy caffeinated beverages regularly and in large quantities. The age when Results adolescents start with the consumption of these drinks 55 % of the surveyed students were 17 years, 40 % were is decreasing. These products are available on the 18 years and 5 % of the surveyed students were 16 years market, so adolescents can overuse them, especially old. 45 % of the surveyed students were females 55 % energy drinks. Although the surveyed students are were males. The results showed that all the students aware that it is not recommended to consume caffeine (100 %) know what caffeine is and in 80 % in which in excessive amounts, they regularly consume caffeine beverages it can be found. We found that most students out of habit. More than half of the students tried (79 %) started with the consumption of the caffeine caffeine for the first time out of curiosity. Moderation in containing beverages at an age of 15 years. In most caffeine among students is crucial. They need to know cases, they drink those beverages three times per week the side effects and the consequences of excessive (36 %) or even on a daily basis (34 %). The most common consumption of caffeine. beverages consumed are coffee (27 %), cappuccino (23 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Sabina FIJAN, Ph.D., Associate Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: sabina.fijan@um.si, Anja HRASTNIK, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, Maja STRAUSS, M.S., Lecturer, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: maja.strauss@um.si. 40 SABINA FIJAN, ANJA HRASTNIK, RESULTS OF THE SURVEY AMONG STUDENTS ON MAJA STRAUSS THEIR KNOWLEDGE OF CAFFEINE IZSLEDKI ANKETIRANJA DIJAKOV O POZNAVANJU KOFEINA Keywords: caffeine effects, youth/students, foods containing caffeine, drinks containing caffeine Uvod učinek kofeina pravilno navedlo povečanje energije, 70 % pa je kot pozitiven učinek navedlo zmanjšano Kofein je naravni alkaloid, ki ima stimulirajoči učinek na utrujenost. Kot je negativen učinek je 67,5 % navedlo centralni živčni sistem. Najdemo ga v semenih, oreščkih, pospešeno bitje srca in 35 % glavobol. 91 % anketiranih ali listih številnih rastlin in varuje rastline pred dijakov je menilo, da niso odvisni od kofeina in 82 % je plenilskimi žuželkami; preprečuje tudi kalitev bližnjih menilo, da se lahko kadarkoli odpovedo pitju kofeinskih semen. Poraba kofeina je zelo pogosta v mnogih napitkov. starostnih skupinah. V tem prispevku smo raziskovali navade porabe kofeina ter pozitivne in negativne učinke Diskusija in zaključek vnosa kofeina med dijaki dveh srednjih šol v Sloveniji. Kofein navadno uživamo v pijačah, uporablja pa se tudi Metode v nekaterih zdravilih za lajšanje bolečine in zmanjšanje telesne temperature. Je najbolj porabljena psihoaktivna Izveden je bil pregled slovenske in angleške strokovne in droga v svetu, njena uporaba je zakonita in ni regulirana znanstvene literature z uporabo PubMed/Medline ter v mnogih delih sveta. Poleg tega je splošno priznana kot ScienceDirect o tematiki kofeina ter porabi kofeina med varna (GRAS – generally regarded as safe) v skladu z dijaki. Zbiranje podatkov smo izvedli s kvantitativno Zveznim uradom za hrano in zdravila (FDA – Food and deskriptivno raziskovalno metodo s pomočjo anketnega Drug Administration). Toksičen odmerek kofeina je 10 g vprašalnika. V letu 2015 smo izvedli namensko na dan, kar je mogoče doseči z uporabo čistega kofeina vzorčenje in tako anketirali 40 dijakov dveh srednjih šol v prahu, ki je na voljo kot prehransko dopolnilo. Po drugi v severnem delu štajerske v Sloveniji. Vprašalnik je strani, tipična skodelica kave s pozitivnim stimulativnim vseboval 22 vprašanj zaprtega in odprtega tipa. Podatki učinkom vsebuje med 80 in 175 mg kofeina, odvisno od smo predstavili v odstotnih deležih glede na celotni tipa porabljenih semen in metodo priprave. Vedno več vzorec z uporabo programa Microsoft Excel. Zanimalo dijakov uživa kofeinske pijače redno in v velikih nas je predvsem v kolikšni meri dijaki poznajo kofein, količinah. Niža pa se tudi starostno obdobje, ko njegove in negativne učinke in ali ga uživajo. mladostniki začnejo z uživanjem teh napitkov. Ti izdelki Rezultati so na trgu dostopni vsem, zato lahko mladostniki z 55 % anketiranih je bilo starih 17 let, 40 % jih je bilo njihovo uporabo pretiravajo, največ z energijskimi starih 18 let in 5 % jih je bilo starih 16 let. 45 % pijačami. Čeprav se anketirani dijaki zavedajo, da ni anketiranih je bilo ženskega spola in 55 % je bilo priporočljivo uživanje kofeina v prevelikih količinah, moškega spola. Rezultati so pokazali, da vsi dijaki (100 vseeno vztrajajo pri rednem uživanju kofeina iz navade. %) vedo kaj je kofein in v 90 % tudi vedo v katerih Več kot polovica dijakov so kofein poskusili prvič iz napitkih ga najdemo. Ugotovili smo, da je večina radovednosti. Zmernost pri uživanju kofeina med dijaki anketiranih dijakov (79 %) pričela z uživanjem kofeinskih je ključnega pomena. Poznati morajo stranske učinke in napitkov že pri 15 letih. Največ uživajo te napitke trikrat posledice prekomernega uživanja kofeina. na teden (36 %) ali celo vsakodnevno (34 %). Največkrat uživajo kavo (27 %), kapučino (23 %) ter coca-colo (21 Ključne besede: delovanje kofeina; mladostniki/dijaki; %), najmanj pravi čaj (12 %). Poznajo tudi pozitivne in živila s kofeinom; pijače s kofeinom negativne učinke kofeina. 82,5 % dijakov je kot pozitiven NASLOV AVTORJEV: Izr. prof. dr. Sabina FIJAN, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: sabina.fijan@um.si, Anja HRASTNIK, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, Predav. mag. Maja STRAUSS, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: maja.strauss@um.si. 41 TINA HOHLER, MAŠA SILOVŠEK, DESCRIPTION, ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF PETRA KLANJŠEK, SONJA ŠOSTAR TURK, QUALITY CARING MODEL MAJDA PAJNKIHAR OPIS, ANALIZA IN VREDNOTENJE MODELA KAKOVOSTI SKRBI DESCRIPTION, ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF QUALITY CARING MODEL OPIS, ANALIZA IN VREDNOTENJE MODELA KAKOVOSTI SKRBI TINA HOHLER, MAŠA SILOVŠEK, PETRA KLANJŠEK, SONJA ŠOSTAR TURK, MAJDA PAJNKIHAR Introduction Results The Quality caring model exposes caring as hidden value Quality caring model is a middle range theory. It has of nursing, guides practice of nursing and provides a clearly stated nine assumptions and health care foundation for research. The model describes systems; patient/family; nursing personnel, connects relationships, particularly the patient-nurse into four concepts: people in relationships; on relationship, as basis of the therapeutic process. The relationships focused professional meetings; a feeling purpose of this article is to describe, analyze and that someone care for you and self-advancing systems. evaluate the Quality caring model that has been The model has 12 propositions. The main proposition is identified by a theoretician, Joanne R. Duffy. on the relationship-based care and contributes to a positive outcome and results for patients, families, Methods health professionals and the healthcare system. The We have analyzed two books and 12 articles from model is based on a comprehensive framework that databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Sage Journals, defends and includes four relationship concerns: MEDLINE, CINAHL, all from the field of the Quality caring myself, patients and families, relationships and health. model. Additional literature was searched in Google Discussion and conclusions Scholar, where we have acquired eight hits. The analysis included qualitative, quantitative, studies with mixed Quality caring model can be used in different methods and books. The search was performed by using environments and cultures. Integration of the theory in keywords and Boolean operators "AND" and "OR". A education of Slovenian nurses would contribute to a literature review was conducted in November 2016. In new dimension and view of health care as a whole. The review of the literature were included articles and books model should be tested and adjusted prior to related to the topic of Quality caring model. We application in practice. Use of the model contributes to restricted access to the full text in English. Description, a positive relationship between people and positive analysis and evaluation of the theory was carried out by outcome of the treatment. using the model of the authors McKenna, Murphy and Pajnkihar (2014). Keywords: health care, model, quality, patient care, Joanne R. Duffy CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Tina HOHLER, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, Maša SILOVŠEK, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: masa.silovsek@student.um.si, Petra KLANJŠEK, Assistant, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: petra.klanjsek@um.si, Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Ph.D., Full Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: sonja.sostar@um.si, Majda PAJNKIHAR, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: majda.pajnkihar@um.si. 42 TINA HOHLER, MAŠA SILOVŠEK, DESCRIPTION, ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF PETRA KLANJŠEK, SONJA ŠOSTAR TURK, QUALITY CARING MODEL MAJDA PAJNKIHAR OPIS, ANALIZA IN VREDNOTENJE MODELA KAKOVOSTI SKRBI Uvod Rezultati Model kakovosti skrbi izpostavlja skrb kot skrito Model kakovosti skrbi je teorija srednjega obsega. Ima vrednoto v zdravstveni negi, vodi prakso zdravstvene jasno navedenih devet predpostavk in sisteme nege ter zagotavlja temelje za raziskovanje. Model zdravstvene nege; pacient/družina; izvajalce opisuje odnose, še posebej odnos medicinska sestra- zdravstvene nege povezuje v štiri koncepte: ljudje v pacient, kot bistvo terapevtskega procesa. Namen odnosih; na odnose osredotočena profesionalna prispevka je opisati, analizirati in ovrednotiti Model srečanja; občutek, da nekdo zate skrbi in samo- kakovosti skrbi, katerega je opredelila teoretičarka napredujoči sistemi. Model ima 12 propozicij. Glavna Joanne R. Duffy. propozicija je odnos, ki temelji na skrbi in prispeva k pozitivnim izidom in rezultatom za paciente, družine, Metode zdravstvene delavce in zdravstvenega sistema. Model Analizirani sta bili dve knjigi in 12 člankov iz podatkovnih temelji na celovitem okvirju, ki zagovarja in vključuje baz: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Sage Journals, MEDLINE, štiri odnose skrbi: jaz, pacienti in družine, medsebojni CINAHL, s področja tematike teorije Modela kakovosti odnosi ter zdravstveno varstvo. skrbi. Dodatno literaturo smo poiskali v Google Diskusija in zaključek Učenjaku, kjer smo pridobili osem zadetkov. V analizo teorije so bile vključene kvalitativne, kvantitativne in Model kakovosti skrbi je uporaben v različnih okoljih in raziskave mešanih metod ter knjige. Iskanje je bilo kulturah. Vključitev teorije v izobraževanje slovenskih izvedeno po ključnih besedah ter z Boolovim medicinskih sester bi prispevala novo razsežnost in operaterjem »AND« in »OR«. Pregled literature je pogled na zdravstveno nego kot celoto. Model je potekal v mesecu novembru 2016. V pregled literature potrebno testirati in prilagoditi pred aplikacijo v prakso. so bili vključeni članki in knjige, ki so se nanašali na temo Uporaba modela prispeva k pozitivnim odnosom med Modela kakovosti skrbi. Omejili smo se na polno ljudmi ter pozitivnemu rezultatu zdravljenja. dostopna besedila v angleškem jeziku. Časovne omejitve nismo podali. Opis, analiza in vrednotenje modela je potekalo po modelu avtorjev McKenna, Ključne besede: zdravstvena nega, model, kakovost, Murphy in Pajnkihar (2014). skrb pacienta, Joanne R. Duffy. NASLOV AVTORJEV: Tina HOHLER, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, Maša SILOVŠEK, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: masa.silovsek@student.um.si, Asist. Petra KLANJŠEK, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: petra.klanjsek@um.si, Prof. dr. Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: sonja.sostar@um.si, izr. prof. Dr (Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Severne Irske) Majda PAJNKIHAR, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: majda.pajnkihar@um.si. 43 SEVERINA STAVBAR, ANDREJA GORŠEK, BILOGICAL DISPOSAL OF SELECTED ANTIBIOTICS IN KATARINA PREMZL, MITJA KOLAR, HOSPITAL WASTEWATER SONJA ŠOSTAR TURK BIOLOŠKO ODSTRANJEVANJE IZBRANIH ANTIBIOTIKOVIZ BOLNIŠNIČNE ODPADNE VODE BILOGICAL DISPOSAL OF SELECTED ANTIBIOTICS IN HOSPITAL WASTEWATER BIOLOŠKO ODSTRANJEVANJE IZBRANIH ANTIBIOTIKOV IZ BOLNIŠNIČNE ODPADNE VODE SEVERINA STAVBAR, ANDREJA GORŠEK, KATARINA PREMZL, MITJA KOLAR, SONJA ŠOSTAR TURK Introduction and outflow was determined using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass Antibiotics are an important group of aquatic pollutants, spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). due to its diversity and high consumption in recent years, as well as because of its persistence in the Results environment. Amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin are the most The results showed that we achieved a high cleaning commonly prescribed antibiotics in Slovenia, as well as efficiency after 24 h and has been increasing with each in other countries in Europe. They both enter the additional day. After the transfer in aerobic laboratory environment mainly through the hospital and municipal flow reactor, microorganisms have adapted to the new wastewater or after cleaning the production plants in environment, very quickly. After 49 h, the effect of the pharmaceutical industry, as well as with human cleaning was around 99 % and after that did not urine or as a result of improper disposal of unused significantly change. The concentration of ciprofloxacin medicines. Despite the relatively low levels of in the given conditions, reduced by 80 %, while the concentrations (from ng/L to µg/L) in the environment, concentration of amoxicillin decreased by 95 %. both, because of its biological effectiveness and continuous presence, can be detrimental to the human Discussion and conclusion health and aquatic life. The removal of amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin in Methods wastewater treatment plants constitutes a real challenge because most studies have confirmed that The aim of our study was to establish a system for conventional treatments are not sufficiently efficient to wastewater treatment with activated sludge of existing completely remove them from waters. Aerobic flow water treatment plant in a laboratory aerobic flow reactor has proved to be effective in treating reactor with a maximum volume of 12,5 L. The flow rate wastewater, containing our selected antibiotics. was set to 2,0 L/d, which corresponds to the time off living 4 days; flow velocity was 0,165 cm/s and the temperature of solution 23,8 oC. As a measure of Keywords: Amoxiciliin, ciprofloxacin, activated sludge, cleaning efficiency, we used the standard method for aerobic reactor, liquid chromatography, mass determining the chemical oxygen demand (COD). The spectrometry concentrations of antibiotics in the sample at the inflow CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS: Severina STAVBAR, Assistent, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, Andreja GORŠEK, Ph.D., Full Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: andreja.gorsek@um.si, Katarina PREMZL, National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: info@nlzoh.si, Mitja KOLAR, Ph.D., Associate Professor, University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: mitja.kolar@fkkt.uni-lj.si, Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Ph.D., Full Professor University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia, e-mail: sonja.sostar@um.si 44 SEVERINA STAVBAR, ANDREJA GORŠEK, BILOGICAL DISPOSAL OF SELECTED ANTIBIOTICS IN KATARINA PREMZL, MITJA KOLAR, HOSPITAL WASTEWATER SONJA ŠOSTAR TURK BIOLOŠKO ODSTRANJEVANJE IZBRANIH ANTIBIOTIKOVIZ BOLNIŠNIČNE ODPADNE VODE Uvod metodo za določanje kemijske potrebe po kisiku (KPK). Koncentracije antibiotikov v vzorcih na vtoku in iztoku Antibiotiki predstavljajo pomembno skupino vodnih smo vrednotili s pomočjo tekočinske kromatografije onesnaževal, zaradi svoje raznovrstnosti in visoke skopljene z masno spektrometrijo (LC/MS/MS). porabe v zadnjih letih, kakor tudi zaradi svoje obstojnosti v okolju. Amoksicilin in ciprofloksacin sta Rezultati najpogosteje predpisana antibiotika, tako pri nas kot Rezultati so pokazali, da smo že po 24 h dosegli visoko tudi drugje v Evropi. učinkovitost čiščenja, ki se je z vsakim dodanim dnem V okolje vstopata predvsem preko bolnišničnih in stopnjevala. Po prenosu v laboratorijski aerobni komunalnih odpadnih vod, po čiščenju proizvodnih pretočni reaktor so se mikroorganizmi zelo hitro obratov v farmacevtski industriji, lahko tudi s človeškim prilagodili novemu okolju. Po 49 h je bil učinek čiščenja urinom ali kot posledica nepravilnega odstranjevanja okoli vrednosti 99 % in se ni več bistveno spreminjal. neporabljenih zdravil. Kljub relativno nizkim Koncentracija ciprofloksacina se je v danih pogojih koncentracijam (od ng/L do µg/L) v okolju pa so zaradi zmanjšala za 80 %, medtem ko se je koncentracija svoje biološke učinkovitosti in stalne prisotnosti lahko amoksicilina zmanjšala za 95 %. škodljivi za zdravje ljudi in vodne organizme. Diskusija in zaključek Metode Odstranitev amoksicilina in ciprofloksacina, predstavlja Namen raziskave je bil v laboratorijskem aerobnem velik izziv, saj je večina študij potrdila, da trenutne reaktorju z aktivnim blatom iz komercialne čistilne čistilne naprave niso dovolj učinkovite, da bi jih naprave vzpostaviti sistem čiščenja z antibiotiki popolnoma odstranile. Aerobni pretočni reaktor se je onesnažene odpadne vode. Raziskave so potekale v pokazal kot učinkovit, pri čiščenju odpadne vode, ki laboratorijskem aerobnem reaktorju proizvajalca vsebuje naše izbrane antibiotike. Armfield, s skupno prostornino 12,5 L. Volumski pretok smo nastavili na 2,0 L/d, kar ustreza bivalnemu času 4 d. Hitrost pretakanja skozi vhodno cevko je bila 0,165 Ključne besede: Amoksicilin, ciprofloksacin, aktivno cm/s. S pomočjo termostata smo vzdrževali blato, aerobni reaktor, tekočinska kromatografija, temperaturo raztopine, T = 23,8 oC. Učinek biološkega masna spektrometrija čiščenja odpadne vode, smo merili s standardno NASLOV AVTORJEV: Asist. Severina STAVBAR, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, Prof. dr. Andreja GORŠEK, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: andreja.gorsek@um.si, Katarina PREMZL, Nacionalni laboratorij za zdravje, okolje in hrano, Maribor, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: info@nlzoh.si, izr. prof. dr. Mitja KOLAR, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: mitja.kolar@fkkt.uni-lj.si, prof. dr. Sonja ŠOSTAR TURK, Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenija, e-pošta: sonja.sostar@um.si 45 Document Outline ABSTRACT INDEX PROGRAMME INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE UNIVERSITY OF MARIBOR FACULTY OF HEALTHSCIENCES “RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN NURSING” INVITED LECTURES INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION IN THE FRAME OF THE FIRSTNURSING PHD PROGRAMME IN SLOVENIA STRATEGIES IN BUILDING SUCCESSFUL IMPACT FOR YOUR RESEARCH LIVING TO BE A HUNDRED – IT’S JUST LUCK! THE PROCESS OF ADAPTATION OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING IN HUNGARY EMOTIONAL CARESCAPES: MANAGING EMOTION IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE, UK EARLY LESSONS FROM THE EUROPEAN JUNIOR LEADERSHIPACADEMY FOR STUDENT NURSES AND MIDWIVES SHOULD WE BE SELECTING NURSING STUDENTS ON THE BASIS OF THEIR EMOTIONALINTELLIGENCE?: FINDINGS FROM A PROSPECTIVE LONGITUDINAL STUDY EXPLORING ATTITUDES OF NURSING STUDENTS' TOWARDSLEARNING COMMUNICATION SKILLS THEORY OF SOCIAL SUPPORT: ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION FOR NURSING IN CROATIA THE NEWMAN`S THEORY USEFULNESS IN NURSING CARE OF ELDERLY WITH DEMENTIA THE IMPACT OF STRESS ON INCIDENCE OF BACK PAIN ATTITUDES OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASE TO THEIR HEALTH ELDERLY-CENTERED CARE IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT COMPARISON OF BACK PAIN AMONG PHYSIOTHERAPISTS ANDNURSES IN THE MARIBOR REGION (SLOVENIA) A LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF DRAGON BOATING ON WELLBEING EFFECTS OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING ON CLINICAL DECISION MAKING ABILITY AMONG QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GIBBS STRUCTURED REFLECTION AS A TEACHINGMETHOD AT THE ELECTIVE COURSE BREASTFEEDING AND LACTATION SLOVENIA DECLARED AS A COUNTRY, FREE FROM RABIES:A NEW APPROACH TO RABIES PREVENTION RESULTS OF THE SURVEY AMONG STUDENTS ON THEIR KNOWLEDGE OF CAFFEINE DESCRIPTION, ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF QUALITY CARING MODEL BILOGICAL DISPOSAL OF SELECTED ANTIBIOTICS IN HOSPITAL WASTEWATER