ZARJA * DAWN
URADNO GLASILO	OFFICIAL	PUBLICATION
SLOVENSKE ŽENSKE ZVEZE SLOVENIAN WOMEN'S UNION
NUMBER 6	.JUNE, 1976	VOLUME	48
From the old family album . . .
"MARTIN FROM LITIJA", OUR SPECIAL TRIBUTE FOR FATHER'S DAY IN THE IMMIGRANT SERIES ON PAGE 11.
ZARJA - THE DAWN
No. 6
JUNE, 1976
Vol. 48
Member, Illinois Fraternal Congress
Official Publication of the Slovenian Women’s Union of America — Uradno glasilo Slovenske Ženske Zveze Published Month'y except one combined issue, July-August — izhaja vsak mesec razen skupne številke za julij-avgust.
Annual Subscription for non-members, $5.00 — naročnina $5.00 letno za ne-člane.
For Social Members, .40 per month za družabne članice.40 mesečno Publisher: ZARJA, 1937 W. Cermak Rd„
Chicago, lil. 60608 Second Class Postage paid at Chicago, III.
All communications fcr the next issue of publication must be in the hands of the Editor by the FIRST of the month. — Vsi dopisi za naslednjo izdajo mesečnika morajo biti v rokah urednica do 1. v mesecu.
Editorial Office: 1937 W. Cermak Rd., Chicago, III. 60608 Telephone Bishop 7-2014, Area Code 312
HAPPY BIRTHDAY IN JUNE
National Officer:
June 21 — MARIE PRISLAND, Founder of S.W.U. and Honorary President, Sheboygan, Wisconsin Branch Presidents:
June 3 — Madeline Debevec, Br. 41, Cleveland, Ohio Branch Secretaries:
J'une 1 — Anne Pavelich, Br. 8, Steelton, Pa.
June 3 — Christine Zivoder, Br. 25, Cleveland, Ohio June 8 — Jane Kaplan, Br. 41, Cleveland, Ohio
June 17 — Chriteine Meyer, Br. 86, Nashwauk, Minn. June 22 — Johanna Bole, Br. 105, Detroit, Mich Jinne 27 — Pauline Stolec, Br. 27, N. Braddock, Pa. MANY HAPPY RETURNS OF THE DAY!
DATES TO REMEMBER ...
JUNE 12 — FOURTH DEBUTANTE COTILLION BALL, Cleveland, Ohio.
JUNE 13 — COMMEMORATIVE MASS & MOTHER OF YEAR PARTY, Br. 41, Clevel., O. JUNE 20 — BURGETTSTOWN BICENTENNIAL, Br.
59, Burgettstown, Pa.
NOV. 21 — CONCERT & DANCE, DAWN CHORAL GROUP, Cleveland, O.
Oct. 3 — 45th Anniversary Dinner, Br. 50 Cleveland, 0.
SWU - ZVEZA DAY IN LEMONT SUNDAY, JULY 18th
Hostess Branch No. 2, cordially invites you to attend. Mass will be at 11:00 a.m. at the Grotto. Picnic in the afternoon. Visit with members and friends at the Slovenian Franciscan Fathers' Shrins of "Marija Pomagaj", Lemonl, 111.
BARAGA SUNDAY, AUG 29lh
You are invited to join ths various charler-bus groios to Marquette, Michigan for the annual Baraga Sunday. Aug. 29th. See Baraga Coni-mittee leaders in your locality. Buses are sxpsctrd from Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Milwaukee, Chicag? and Joliit. The Mass will be solemnizsd at St. Peter's Cathedral followed by Banquet at th-j Ramada Irn.
For further information write to the Baraga Association, Miss Agnes Rufus, Sec'y, 239 Baraga Ave., Marquette, Mich. 49855.
čonc^ratulationA Wiclwelt Do
ionA	I vHclweAi	^Journey
(Continued from page 5)
lowlers!
1 Vickie Kastelic	West Allis	ALL EVENTS 578	047	514	1739	$10.00
2 Debra Zeman	West Allis	607	530	575	1712	8.00
3 Rosemary Krapenc	Chicago	527	612	571	1710	6.00
4 Mitzie Mohorko	Milwaukee	CO »*>	616	558	1708	5.00
5 Chris Tomasik	So. Chicago	580	6'?3	501	1704	5.00
6 Paf Zefran	West Allis	549	569	581	1699	4.00
7 Befty Lakotich	Joliet	560	576	546	1682	4.00
8 Lil Putzell	Chicago	545	567	562	1674	4.00
9 Pat Robinson	Chicago	562	526	584	1672	4.00
10 Mary Stuck	Chicago	541	546	580	1667	4.00
11 Caroline Dawson	Oglesby	585	561	519	1665	4.00
12 Ann Shaw	Milwaukee	522	567	558	1647	4.00
13 Bevery Ott	West Allis	585	544	502	1631	3.00
14 Barbara Jakubowski	Chicago	522	543	556	1621	3.00
15 Carol Morinelli	West Allis	531	549	540	1620	3.00
16 Dorothy Horvat	Joliet	602	516	501	1619	3.00
17 Betty Hamilton	Oglesby	548	581	482	1611	3.00
18 Jen Kochevar	Joliet	547	567	497	1611	3.00
Grandmother Mary Bolskar Sisters Alice Salino Pat Robinson	West Allis Chicago Chicago		229 198 240	23	252 438	
trophy
trophys
Here are the winners of the 40th Annual S.W.U. Midwest Bowling Tourney, which was held in Milwaukee, Wise, on April 10 & 11, 1976. I wish to thank Marion Marolt and Br. No. 17 for all the help I received. Congratulations to the winners.	LIL	PUTZELL,	Secy.
CONGRATULATIONS! NATIONAL OFFICERS OF SLOVENIAN WOMEN’S UNION ELECTED AT THE 17th TRI ENNIAL CONVENTION MAY 26, 1076 - PITTSBURGH, PA.
Spiritual Advisor ................................ Rev. Claude Okorn, OFM,
Founder-Honorary President .......................Marie Prisland, Sheboygan, Wis.
President ........................................Mary Bostian, Cleveland, Ohio
Vice-President ................................... Nežka Gaber, Chicago, Illinois
Secretary ........................................ Olga Ancel., Joliet, Illinois
Treasurer ........................................ Mary Marolt, Joliet, Illinois
1st Auditor ...................................... Anne Kompare, South Chicago, Illinois
2nd Auditor ...................................... Barbara Rosandich, Ely, Minn.
3rd Auditor ...................................... Marion Marolt, West Allis, Wis.
Editor ........................................... Corinne Leskovar, Chicago, Illinois
Director of Youth ................................ Frances Sietz, Cleveland, Ohio
Director of Women’s Activities ................... Lillian Putzell, Berwyn, Illinois.
Scholarship Chairman ............................. Hermine Dicke, Madison, Wis.
State Presidents:
Colorado-Kansas Missouri.......................... Frances Simonich, Pueblo, Colorado
Wisconsin ........................................ Anna Modiz, Sheboygan, Wis.
Pennsylvania-New York-D.C.........................Lucille Smith, Strabane, Pa.
California-Washington-Orcgon ..................... Rose Scoff, San Francisco, Cal.
Illinois-Indiana ................................. Ann Vucko, Chicago, Illinois
Ohio-Michigan .................................... Sophie Magayna, Cleveland, Ohio
Minnesota ........................................ Angeline Karish, Biwabik, Minn.
Honorary State Presidents:
Anna Pachak, Pueblo, Colo.
Mary Tomsic, Strabane, Pa.
Sincere thanks to the Convention Chairman, Mary Slaney, Co-Chairman, Anna Trontel, officers, members and committees of Br. 26, Pittsburg, Pa. for their untiring efforts on behalf of the , SWU Delegates and Guests. Minutes of the Convention will be printed in the July-August ZARJA.
Decisions of the Convention included adoption of a set of newly-revised By-Laws allowing for the enrollment of a new class of Associate members for men; publication of Dr. Frank J. Kern’s , Dictionary; relocating the Home Office to Joliet, Illinois. There is no raise in assessment. Solicitation of new advertisements in ZARJA will be undertaken by the branches. New By-Laws go into
effect July 1, 1976.
CONVENTION CITY FOR 1979 is Duluth, Minnesota.
* il« i*i
ill	il«	«i«	li«	iti	A	■•»	i>i	i*i
Rev. Claude Okorn, O.F.M.:
THE
SACRAMENT
OF
RECONCILIATION
It seems to me proper to say something about the New Rite of Penance. Perhaps you noticed in the church Sunday Bulletin or heard from the pulpit that the hours for celebrating the sacrament of penance would be from 4-5 and from 7-8.
What is so different from previous announcements? Before we used to say Confessions will be heard and now we use the phrase "celebrating the sacrament of Penance." The change is small but significant. The term "penance" includes the entire process by which a sinner changes heart, turns from sin and is reconciled with God.
The Church has begun to implement the "revised" rite of Penance, the last of the Church's sacraments to be revised since Vatican II. There are three aspects of the revised rite: face to face with the confessor, in the traditional confessional and communal confession. From the Lent of 1977 the new rite becomes the common required practice of the Church.
A great activity is underway in parishes, schools, catechetical centers and elsewhere, all aimed at overcoming a growing indifference to the sacrament of Penance over the past decade. The reality of sin, both individual and collective, and the need for reconciliation of sinners with God is being reasserted into culturally transformed society that has largely eliminated the concept of sinfulness of evil from its consciousness.
The New Penance Rite provides the option of celebrating the sacrament in the traditional way behind the screen or in tnore conversational setting face to face with the priest. Many parishes have built such "confessional rooms" to provide for such an option.
Specifically, the revised Rite of Penance includes four principal elements:
PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE
Dear Members:
It's always a good feeling when so many of us work together and so the National Convention will be a part of history when this Zarja is out. It was so good meeting all the delegates who came from near and far to attend the Convention. Thfe great turnout of guests and members on Sunday pointed out that we still care to keep our S.W.U. on top.
Convention news has much to offer anyone interested, so be sure to read about all the happenings of our Convention in our Zarja.
Many branches will be celebrating their anniversaries this month. We send them our best wishes and hope they celebrate by signing up new members. This would be a beautiful gift to their branch. My wish is for all branches to work together, cooperate with each other and make the organization meetings a friendly place to come.
Thank you, members, for your nice compliments and best wishes that were sent to me before the convention. It made me a very happy person.
The Dawn Choral Group with their director, Mr. Frank Zupan, the Junior Baton Twirlers and the Marie Prisland Cadets, along with all the other entertainers deserve a big THANK YOU for making us all so happy and proud at the Convention. We surely have much good talent among all our members.
In the April issue of Zarja, we were informed that Br. 17, West Allis, Wis. were to be hostesses for the Midwest Bowling Tournament set for April 10th and 11th. We know it must have been a great success. We have quite a few members
E
The greeting of the penitent and response with a concern for informality and in recognizing the ceremony as one of forgiveness and reconciliation.
A Scripture reading follows the new pattern for the celebration of all sacraments. Although optional, it will usually be encouraged beccuie from God's word the reality of sin is recognized, as is the need for coi,version and trust in God's mercy.
Confession, contrition and sctli.faction folic.v in traditional fashion and the confessor m y offer counselling, ask and answer questions when necessciry. The penitnt follows the confession with the proyer of sorrow for sin. Nrw prayers are being offered to the penitent in addition to the traditional "act of contribution."
The priest then gives the absolution and says a prayer of thanks to God for His goodness in forgiving and healing the penitent.
In addition to individual penx'.ce the revised rite provides two communal penance services, one with the individual confession and absolution and the cfh'.r with general confession and sacramental absolution. The lo'er form is largely being reserved for instances of special concern, such as danger of death, war, some disaster or emergency.
Cchgratu/atichA	Claude!
•	An	auspicious	anniversa v, his 40th	as a priest,
,	will	be	celebrated	by our Spiritual Advisor, Rev.
Claude Okorn in July. Vie expend our heartiest felicitations! His former Parishioners of St. John the Evangelist Church in Milwaukee, Wisconsin will fete ’	him	on	June 27th.	Father Claude has	exerted ex-
}	emplary	leadership	in these years and	for Zveza,
;> has given distinguished spiritual inspiration in. his
• monthly ZARJA column. We extend our best wishes ( for health and contentment in his dedicated work!
who enjoy the arts and now come along our vice-president, Marie Floryan of Br. 17, reporters, Ritamarie Mertle of Br. 101 and Mary Mum of Br. 17 and Mary Ploszaj of Br. 40 who on occasion share their favorite poems with us. Thank you, ladies.
Father Okorn's Eacter Message was full of inspiration helping us to stay good Christians with the right spirit.
And, Mrs. Prisland's Capsules on the 200th Anniversary of America was very informative, I do hope that our branches will in some way celebrate our country's wonderful commemorative year.
How we are remembering in the Immigrants column — all the recollections of the past. / Ibina Novak is now gone 5 years from our midst and we felt she was still so much with us as we read Irene Odorizzi's April column on Albina from Ribnica, making us all remember how Albina inspired us all. Thank you, Irene, for this wonderful series.
Congratulations to the Erjavec family of Joliet, III. You can be sure that the coming generations of their family will keep their heritage strong. This is a real fraternal family and we salute them.
Let's hope that our birthday celebrants will be serenaded by this "Happy Birthday to You . . ." wish from all of us.
God bless you all with good health. And, now, how can we thank our hostesses who did such marvelous work in making our stay in Pittsburgh, Pa. during the 17th National Golden Anniversary Convention a truly special event? You could feel their warm hospitality from all the Pittsburgh members who worked so diligently to make us all very welcome. Again, our many thanks to you all who helped in any to make our Convention so enjoyable
MARY BOSTIAN
-™EN1 TO THE PITTSBURGH COMMITTEE, THANKS!
The plans end arrangments of the local committee of Br. 26, Pittsburgh, Pa. were thoughtfully made t.nd beautifully carried out! This was the unanimous opinion of tne delegation attending the 17th National S.W.U. Convention just concluded. Those most responsible for the success of this convention are seen above.
Sitting, left to right: Anna Trontel, Helen Cesnik, Antoinette Jaketic, Ann Bobel; standing, left to right, Angie Veselic, Helen Gulla, Anna Steckel, Helen Kunich, Mary Slaney.
Mrs. Slaney and Mrs. Trontel were Co-Chairmen and besides this lovely group Of officers, many, many members were in attendance at the various functions of the convention. Not on the photo is Frances Lokar, another committee member.
The SWU extends heartiest thanks and best wishes to the Pittsburgh ladies! You have a beautiful city and beautiful members!
Mrs. Magdalena Widina, organizer of Br. 26, Pittsburgh, Pa. attended the National Convention as a very special guest. Sunday she was seen with tears •n her eyes as she witnessed the beautiful mass at St. Mary Assumption church and later that evening, at the Grand Banquet, she was seated at the main table. In response, she has asked us to extend her best wishes to all the members and friends of Zveza. It was one of the highlights °f her life.
ACTIVITIES
No 1, SHEBOYGAN, WIS.
Happy Birthday to all June celebrants deluding my mother, Mrs. Marie Prisland.
Three teams (including one junior team) a*tended the Midwest Bowling Tournament from our branch at Milwaukee; they did some fine bowling and enjoyed the s°cial gathering.
A	reminder for our	card party	being
held	June 16th at St.	Cyril and	Methodius	Hall. Janet Maurin is the	chairman	assisted by Ann	Modiz.
Plans are under way for the 50th Anniversary celebration combined with the State Convention; the date: October 3rd.
Our deep sympathy to Mrs. Josephine Slapnick and Joseph Dragan families upon •heir bereavement. Mrs. Josephine Slap-n,ck was my aunt.
Congratulations to my niece, Sara Prised who received $500 prize in a Creative Writing Contest held at University
Illinois where she is a student.
Cheery thoughts to all the sick and shut-ins.
Next meeting date is June 20th, at vvhich time our delegate, Anne Modiz "'ill give us a report on the National
Convention.
MARGARET FISCHER Secretary
No. 6, BARBERTON, OHIO
Our May meeting was on the 9th at the Slovene Center, and we honored our Mother of the Year, Mary Lauter. After the meeting a social was planned.
With love, we wish our all Slovenian mothers in the U.S.A. a very happy year and God bless you all.
Perhaps this is now the time to ask the ladies to check their policies if they wish to change the beneficiaries. Sometimes this gets overlooked. The ladies that are 75 years of age please notify the secretary, Mary Swaggard, call 745-7501. We need the month and date of your birth. Thank you.
Sympathy to the family of Mrs. Mary Samic and Mrs. Frances Maxim whom we lost in March. They were good members. Also, we send our condolences to the family of Amelia Wein who passed away April 13th. Our member, Mrs. Lucy Ujcic and her family are grieving the loss of her very dear daughter, Louise. God grant her and our other departed eternal peace. We will think of them in our prayers.
MITZI SWAGGARD
No. 12, MILWAUKEE, WIS.
It was a real pleasure to walk into the beautiful Easter setting for our April meeting. Jo and Ann, again you outdid yourselves! Easter favors and table setting was just beautiful. It was very heart warming too, to see a good many of our usual ladies there to help make the meeting a success.
The meeting	started	with	prayer, roll
call,	committee	reports	and	then on to
discussion of the Convention. It is a bit disappointing that not enough were interested in taking the trip even though a definite schedule of tours had been made.
The May 16th card party was then discussed with numerous promises of prizes and donations being offered. Our usual generous bakers are also promising to help out for lunch with sausage and	coffee to	be sold	for	us "hungry
ones"! I know I always look forward to it.
The Mother of the Year, Evelyn Launch,	was to be honored at	a luncheon
after the May meeting so we hoped all you former mothers would be there as well.
JOLIET BOWLERS BID SEASON
Prizes were given out and we have five lucky ladies, but the attendance prize was not claimed. Louise Seruga, that could have been yours; so let's hope the next month a winner will be there.
The meeting ended with prayer and the usual officers and Mary Starich and Mary Evanich helped serve the coffee and set the table with the ham cooked by Mrs. Plesko, a gallon of wine from Stavia, cheese strudel baked by Mrs. Rupee, flancete by Theresa Gmeiner, a jello mold and bean salad by Mary Starich, potato salad by Mary Evanich, and a junior member, Lisa Laatsh (Jo Wilhelm's granddaughter) brough colored Easter Eggs, at least two for each member present. Of course, Jo and Ann (the twins) donated the table decorations, candy, tiny Easter baskets for each, napkins and plates. Prizes were donated by Stavia and Christine Boja nee.
We surely are fortunate to have such hard working, generous members and several are Social Members who really are pitching in to make the meetings a real event each month. Thank you, all!
The usual favorite games were played, all of which helps to pay for a lot of our expenses and maintains our Sunshine Club in charge of Mary Evanich. Please report any sickness, hospitalization or nursing home entries to her.
Congratulations to Mr. & Mrs. Bab-nick who celebrated their 50th Anniversary. God bless you all!
MARY DEZMAN
-----------—» ■ -<«i>	■	—---------
No. 13, SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
Our Mother's Day Brunch was a lovely springtime event. The weather was glorious and our honored Mother of the Year, Mrs. Anna Fabian, looked beautiful.
Our special day began with mass at the Church of the Nativity and as always the choir sang superbly. Mass ended with the choir singing "češčena Si Marija". On that joyous note we continued our day.
The Holiday Inn was the setting for our Brunch. The view of our city is breathtaking from the Veranda Restaurant on the 30th floor. We are forunate to live in such a picturesque city set on steep hills overlooking San Francisco Bay. The presence of our ladies attired in bright spring pastels added their special glow. All officers were present as was our very active and attractive state president Rose Scoff.
Sharing this proud moment with their mother were Anna's two doughters, Joann and Diana and two darling granddaughters. Anna "thanked" Mrs. Helen Sustarich who did an exellent job as chairman in organizing the brunch and Anna "thanked" all the ladies of Branch No. 13 for bestowing on her the honor of Mother of the Year.
President, Josephine Aiuto gave a
No. 20, JOLIET, ILL. BOWLING NEWS
Our spring banquet was held at Merichka's Lounge in a beautiful recently built banquet room. The new manager, Al Lovati went all-out to be so nice. He also is a great story teller. Thank's, Al, for everything!
Meeting was opened with prayer by the Pres. Mary Mihelich. After a short meeting reports were given by the officers for the season.
New officers for the year are: Pres., Ann Stofko; Vice-Pres., Betty Lakotich; Sec., Marj Wajchert; Treas., Bee Plankar; Rec. Sec., Mary Rudman; Serg., Ann Sternisha.
We want to thank all our sponsors for their support. Also, congratulate:
First Place Champs. Northwest Rec. Club and their 4 man team, Lill Anderson, Janet Burgin, Mary Marolt, and Vicki Bernikas, Capt.
Second place, Merichka's Lounge, Mary Rudman, Dorothy Horvat, Mary Cleveland, and Jo Mlakar, Capt.
Third place. Slov. Home, Ann Kobe, Millie Ellena, Ann Sternisha, and Marge Gasparich, Capt.
Fourth, Crow's Nest, Bernie Bluth, Jo Getson, Bee Plankar, Marj Wajchert, Capt.
Fifth, Tezak Fun. Home, Millie Briski, Kay Sukle, Ag. Verbischer, Betty Lakotich, Capt.
Sixth, Fred C. Dames Fun. Home, Ann
speech "thanking" all the ladies for participating and making the day a truly special one. A feeling of happiness and harmony prevailed.
Happy Birthday to our dear sister-member Rose Bianca and all members who shared birthdays in May. A springtime wish for all: When songbirds awaken and morning is breaking . . . May love, joy and laughter be yours for the taking.
JACQUELINE LOWE Reporter
No. 14, EUCLID, OHIO Our May meeting was opened with prayer at 7:15 p.m.
It was so nice to see such a big group of members attending. This was our Woman of the Year meeting and party combined. Reports were made and our Sunshine Committee reported that they visited our members in the hospitals. They were Ann Novinc and Mary Panchur. We wish them a speedy recovery.
Our deepest sympathies to Frieda Miller whose husband passed away recently. May he rest in peace. Two of our members died recently, they are Mimi Rezonija and Vida Kuhar. Our deepest sympathies to their families and friends. May they rest in peace.
Papesh, Ann Stofko, Mary Mihelich, Catherine Putrich, Capt.
Trophies were distributed to the winners and also a trophy awarded to Ann Papesh for being the most improved bowler. A prize was given to Mary Rudman for the Spring Sweeper.
Perfect Attendance, to L. Anderson, V. Bernickas, M. Cleveland. B. Plankar, M. Briski, K. Sukle, M. Ellena, M. Mihelich, and C. Putrich. We also want to congratulate D. Horvat and M. Cleveland on first place Doubles at the tourn-ment. Very Nice, Girls!
We had a nice time at the tournament, and also on the bus traveling to Milwaukee. Games were played and prizes received by almost everyone, which was all arranged by our Marge Gasparich and Jo Mlakar and their little helpers. Thanks from all of us I am sure there was fun for all.
Our Pres., M. Mihelich was a little nervous as someone had taken her bowling bag, ball and shoes by mistake. But everything was back in shape in an hour. Then the next day she had to leave for Florida with her family. But now she's back with a nice tan.
Am sure that all enjoy the trip the S.W.U. midwest tournament.
This is it for now, girls; until next time, may God be willing.
Have a nice summer.
Your Reporter MARY RUDMAN
Our Woman of the Year for 1976 is our President Pauline Krall. She truly deserves this honor because really works hard for our Branch No. 14 and Zveza. Congratulations, Pauline.
Our vice-president Mary Stražišar became a great-grandmother recently, when her granddaughter, Sharon O'Brien gave birth to a baby girl. Congratulations, Mary.
Congratulations are also in order for our member Mary Fakult, who became a grandmother when her son Frank and his wife adopted a baby boy named Matthew.
We had a surprise visit at our meeting from Mary Mandich who now resides in Florida and was here for a visit. All the members were happy to see her. I* was nice to see our Treasurer Mary Iskra back with us looking great after her operation and stay in the hospital recently.
A great big thank you to our super kitchen committee who came through with great service of food and desserts for our party. Thank you to all the members who donated the baked goods, salads. Thank you again to Vera Bajec for cooking the fresh ham that was served.
(Cont. on page 6)
40th MIDWEST S.W.U. BOWLING TOURNAMENT RESULTS Milwaukee, Wisconsin, April TO & IT, 1976
TEAM EVENT
1 DR. GRILL	Chicago			4. ERMENCE FUNERAL			HOME West Allis			$72.0
Agnes Marrazzo	114	131 133 120	498 $85.00 & trophy Ann		Krizan		124 125	142	120	511
Geneva Niedzielko	138	169 153 99	559	Debra Zeman			111 154	127	120	512
Mary Stuck	165	146 182 87	580	Pat	Zefran		128 192	180	81	581
Pat Robinson	163	160 178 83	584	Vickie Kastelic			123 145	127	119	514
Alice Salvino	129	167 143 72	511	Marion Marolt			126 118	98	96	438
	709	773 789 461	2732				612 734	674	531	2556
2 FRANCES' TAP West Allis			$80.00	5 S.W.U. Br. 43		TEAM 1 Milwai			ikee	$67.C
Debra Zeman	135	150 176 114	575	Ester	Gorishek		130 157	106	117	510
Frances Potočar	85	112 116 120	433	S. Schachtschneider			122 134	110	112	478
Mary Bolskar	147	134 229 69	579	Elsie	Gallun		140 117	129	90	477
Frances Zeman	98	131 128 120	477	Julie Douglas			177 152	132	51	512
Molly Mathea	100	173 125 110	508	Mitzie Mohorko			174 176	159	49	558
	565	700 774 533	2572				743 736	636	419	1534
3 GEREND-HABERMANN Sheboygan			$76.00	6 S.W.U. Br. 17			West	Allis		$62.2
Louise Ribisch	134	155 166 63	518	Pat 1	<itt		123 159	149	65	496
Margaret Zahn	116	149 116 120	511	Terri	Mershnik		119 123	132	83	457
Olga Slapnik	145	128 128 112	513	Irene	Bolton		193 123	148	38	536
Francis Mahler	129	107 157 120	514	Helen Ruthenburg			158 124	157	54	493
Tillie Lawrence	126	119 157 101	503	Marge Gawlik			174 166	152	47	530
	651	668 724 516	2559				767 729	738	287	2521
				DOUBLES						
1 Dorothy Horvat		Joliet		180	117	185	120	602		$25.00 i
Mary Cleveland				159	139	189	114	601	1203	
2 Vickie Kastelic		West Allis		165	149	145	119	578		$21.00
Marion Marolt				137	201	158	96	592	1170	
3 Betty Hamilton		Oglesby		135	144	168	101	548		
Caroline Dawson				166	163	163	94	585	1133 $19.00	
4 Mary Kiel		Milwaukee		177	123	128	120	548		
Cathy Matzelle				163	139	176	99	577	1125 $17.00	
5 Andrea Krai				122	137	157	114	530		
Chris Tomasik		S. Chicago		180	153	138	101	580	1110 $14.00	
6 Lil Putzell				114	165	172	94	545		
Pat Robinson		Chicago		119	212	148	83	562	1107 $11.40	
7 Jen Kochevar				150	131	172	94	547		
Lodene Hayes		Joliet		179	154	157	60	550	1097 $10.00	
8 Beverly Ott				142	208	163	72	585		
Mary Bolskar		West Allis		169	118	153	69	509	1094 $10.00	
9 Frances Zeman				104	122	138	120	484		
Debra Zeman		West Allis		150	132	211	114	607	1091 $ 9.00	
				SINGLES						
1 Vickie Kastelic		West Allis		189	158	181	119	647		$15.00 <
2 Judy Derlinga		Joliet		192	177	198	58	625		12.00
3 Chris Tomasik		So. Chicago		201	146	175	101	623		11.00
4 Mitzie Mohorko		Milwaukee		187	191	189	49	616		10.00
5 Rosemary Krapenc		Chicago		158	201	152	101	612		9.00
6 Frances Zeman		West Allis		175	156	145	120	596		9.00
7 Betty Hamilton		Oglesby		161	151	168	101	581		8.50
8 Betty Lakotich		Joliet		139	171	167	99	576		8.00
9 Marion Marolt		West Allis		168	138	172	96	574		7.40
10 Pat Zefran		West Allis		159	163	166	81	569		6.00
11 Lil Putzell		Chicago		165	131	177	94	567		6.00
12 Ann Shaw		Milwaukee		126	189	135	117	567		6.00
13 Jen Kochevar		Joliet		164	158	151	94	567		6.00
14 Molly Mathea		West Allis		177	170	106	110	563		4.50
15 Caroline Dawson		Oglesby		188	144	135	94	561		4.50
16 Marge Gawlik		West Allis		180	171	160	47	558		4.50
17 Mary Rago		So. Chicago		177	139	138	101	555		4.50
18 Irene Bolton		West Allis		169	167	181	38	555		4.50
(Continued on inside cover page)
No. 14 CONT’D:
Everyone enjoyed the food and there was plenty of it. Thank yous are in order to everyone who donated door prizes and gave monies to our Treasury, Good-time Fund and Sunshine Fund. A reminder to members to look at their dues books and see if they are up-to-date, if not, our Secretary Vera Bajec would appreciate the payment of the dues.
To all our members who are ill and those who are residing in Nursing Homes we wish them better health. Our prayers are with them.
May God bless you and keep you in the best of health, until our next meeting. Hope you all had a Happy Mother's Day.	Sincerely,
ANTOINETTE ZABUKOVEC, Reporter
No. 16, SOUTH CHICAGO, ILL.
The 17th National Convention assembly has set forth a new membership campaign beginning June 1st! The newly adopted By-laws specify the classification of men as Associate Members and with the same insurance benefits as adult women members. This is intended as an invitation to all our husbands and other members of the family to join our ranks. Specifics to this Campaign will be printed in future Zarjas. Let’s see what we can do now to double the membership of the Slovenian Women’s Union!
No. 19, EVELETH, MINN.	No.	20,	JOLIET,	ILL.
At our April meeting, in the absence of Phyllis Perko, Pauline Klobučar read the minutes of our previous meeting. Ann Lustig and Gladys Buck gave the final reports on our Games Party which was very successful, The auditors had met during the month and Mary Priesol read the report of their meeting. Helen Gor-nick took care of the Sunshine drawing and the Get well and Birthday Card distribution. Winners of the Sunshine drawing and the
prizes were Loretta Paolone and Virginia Matesavac.
Our best wishes for a speedy recovery are sent to Ann Springer and Mary Sko-rija who are on the sick list.
Ann Ksiazek and Mary Priesol took reservations for our annual chicken dinner which will be held at our regular meeting nite in St. George's Hall.
At the social hour "Happy Birthday" was sung to Frances Wine, Loretta Paolone, Mary Priesol, Violet Somin and Elaine Strubel. Thank you for the delicious pastry, ladies.
We will be waiting eagbrly to hear how our team made out at the Midwest Bowling Tourney in West Allis on April 10. Our members who participated were Andrea Krai, Mary Rago, Mary Christine Whalen, Chris Tomasik and Dolores Franko.
Our sincere sympathy is extended to Stephanie Golob upon the death of her mother, Margaret Loncar.
MARGE SPRETNJAK, Reporter
No. 19, EVELETH, MINN.
To all our wonderful members of Br. 19 happy birthday! Those who are celebrating this time of the year have the beautiful season of spring and summer to doubly enjoy. Those who celebrate in the other seasons, accept my wishes, too.
We congratulate our Mother of the Year and all our Mothers wishing them happiness and good health. We have many shut-in members and in nursing homes as well. To all, our love and hope you will know that we remember you often.
CATHERINE POLLAK Treasurer
A meeting was held May 2nd at the Resurrection church hall with opening and closing prayers, a special prayer for our departed member, Jennie Chaple who passed away in April at the Eveleth Nursing Home. Our condolences to the family.
We had a nice attendance and were happy to have one of our oldest members the meeting, Mary Sulentich whose birthday was May 9th. She was 90 Years YOUNG! Happy birthday from all of us and many more. We also had our youngest member, our president, Mrs. Theresa Thomas.
Minutes of the previous meeting and the treasurer's report were approved and correspondence and cards were read. Plans were made to serve coffee and cake at the Eveleth Nursing Home sometime in June. We also sent Mother's Day cards to our ill members and shut-ins at the Home.
Sympathy is expressed to sisters Mitzi Isaacson and Mary Intihar on the loss of their brother; and to sister Pat Scher-uning who lost her mother.
It was decided that dues must be paid at the meetings from now on. They must be paid before January 20th. Our next meeting will be Aug. 15th and we will then discuss the state convention to take place in Biwabik in September. Let's plan on making it a gala turn out.
After the May meeting, we honored our Mother of the Year, Anna Mrkonich with a lovely corsage presented to her by our president, also gifts and a cake and pictures were taken. A delicious lunch was served by the hostesses Angela Smith, Mary Menart, Katherine Pollack, Theresa Thomas, Mary Primozich and Pauline Turnbull. Tony Marolt played some lovely Slovenian music on his ac-cordian. Our president's daughter, Ann Thomas, read a Mother's Day poem and Theresa Thomas and her sister, Martina Michaels sang a Slovenian song in duet. The remainder of the afternoon was spent visiting with our Mother of the Year and members. Good health, happiness to all until we meet again.
OLGA KLUSER Reporter
Our last meeting was a short one to give members an opportunity to attend the card party given toy senior parishioners, for the benefit of the Church on Raynor and Theodore Str. It was well attended, as to*lid by those who worked so diligently for this cause.
We also mourn the passing away of Luke Benedick, aged 62, son of Mr. and Mrs. Luke Benedick, who passed away some years ago. His mother, Mrs. Jennie Benedick, is so we I remembered by our members. He is survived by 5 sisters, four of whom are our members: Mrs. Ugo Va'lli, Mrs. Anton (Genevieve) Golotoitch, Mrs. Harry (Louise) Peppard, Mrs. John (Alice) Jatkovioh and Miss Lorraine; aiso a brother, Willi aim from Albuquerque, New Mexico; one aiunt, Mrs. Matthew Benedick. He was proceeded in death by his wife, Marjorie Fishbum and one brother, Theodore, in 1960. He was employed as an air conditioner and refrigeration serviceman, retiring after 37 years. He was a U.S. Army veteran, serving in the African and European Theaters with Gen. Patton. (Writing thiis, -it comes to my mind the story told atoout how strict Gen. Patton was. He gave his men the command, “Go uip and take that hill!”) Luke was a member of the Plumber and Pipefitters Union. Buried from St. Joseph's Ohurch. May he rest in peace and our condolences to his relatives.
Our member, Anne (Miihelioh) lost her husband, Peter Picco, aged 57, after a long illness. He was survived by one son, a daughter, 4 brothers, 3 sisters and numerous relatives. He was employed at Uni royal, a member of the American Legion Post No. 1080 and the Ravens Cluib. Buried with services from St. Mary’s Nativity Ohurch. May he rest in peace and our condolences to the relatives.
The secretary gives all members inspiration to try to get more members in time to have a 500 grand total in this membership campaign.
Our President, Emma Planinšek, invited all members and friends to come to this meeting and honor our Mother-
HAPPY TIMES FOR OUR MEMBERS
Mr. & Mrs. Frank Miklaucic, Sr.
60th Wedding fimttetAam
A 60th Wedding Anniversary Dinner was held on Feb. 19, 1976 honoring Mr. and Mrs. Frank Miklaucic Sr., at Vertin's Cafe. The guests attending the celebration, were the couple's 6 children: Angela Mobilia, Frank Miklaucic, Rose Pe-rushek, Emma Ronkanain, Ed. Miklaucic and John Miklaucic and their respective spouses.
Also in attendance were the grandchildren who reside in this area. Mr.
Tony Poderzay of Soudan, who was the best man at the wedding, was also a guest.
Angela and Frank Miklaucic were married in Ely, Minn, on Feb. 19, 1916. They are the parents of 6 children, 19 grandchildren and 21 great grandchildren.	Mr.	&	Mrs.	Myron	Uehlein
Ann and James Yane
of-the-Year, Anne Papesh, who was selected this year to represent us. She is well liked and comes to our meetings regularly. We also had a program at this meeting and a lunch.
Those ill at this time are Mary Galle, Mary Valentioh and Mary Sinkovič. We wish them an early recovery.
Mr. and Mrs. Tony Fabian celebrated fcheir SVver Wedding Anniversary. Tony was employed in the city water department before retiring and Eva
was our member for some time. Congratulations!
A Golden Wedding Anniversary was celebrated by Anton and Justine Kau-larcic. Rev. J'ohn Plevnik married them 50 years ago. A celebration was held at St. Joe’s Park on Raynor Av.
At our next (nesting, all new members will be initiated and welcomed into our branch.
Interesting and fun for ail was a ‘‘Talent Show”, held on May 3, at St. Joe’s Park. A capacity crowd at-
^ecehtllf Wed
Lorain, Ohio— Again, it's been a happy day in the Uehlein family and, the Jančar family, too.
At St. Thomas church in Sheffield Lake, Ohio, Candace Hochadel and Myron Uehlein were united in marriage. Candace is the daughter of Mr. & Mrs. Herbert Goodrich and Frank Hochadel. Myron is the son of Mr. & Mrs. Milo Uehlein. His mother is Vice-President and the happy grandmother is Mrs. Agnes Jancar, president of Br. 40. — They are our Mother-Daughter team of officers.
The bride graduated from Admiral King High School and is employed at the Central Security Bank.
The Bridegroom is a graduate of Brook:ide High School and Akron University in 1973 and is employed at Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation in Cleveland, Ohio.
May we all wish you much joy and happine:s and congratulations to all in the family.
MARY PLOSZAJ
fttark Jijftieth ifeat
On Satu/day, April 10, Ann M. and James E. Yane of 17400 Egbert Rd. in Walton Hills, Ohio observed their Golden Wedding Anniversary with a Mass at St. Mary’s Church, followed by a reception given by their daughters and family.
The Yanes have two daughters, Mrs. Gloria Ann Howe of Indianapolis, Indiana and Mrs. Patricia Mary Gavagan of Happingers Falls, New York. They are also the grandpaernts of four.
James Yane is a mechanic at the Garfield Heights Coach Line, now part of RTA, garage in Bedford.
The Yanes were wed on April 10, 1926 in Cleveland at St. Paul Catholic Church on E. 40th and St. Clair.
Ann Yane is a wonderful and loyal member o<f Br. 73 for 38 years and was president for 9 of them. They are a most likeable couple and we send our love and felicitations.
REPORTER OF BR. 73
tended. Master of ceremonies was the announcer of WJOL, Mr. Frank O’Leary. In charge of the program, Ann Mae Lukancich, daughter-in-ilaw of our member Paula Lukancich and niece of President Emma Planinšek, did a wonderfuil job. The printing was in charge of Rev. Msgr. M.J. Butala; Publicity Chairman was Olga Ancel; Ticket Chairman was Jonita Ruth, Pat Figurowski and Donna Strong; Lighting, Fred Ruth. The program was enjoyed by everyone and the children in the show were superb. Much credit must be given to the children and
everyone who took part in such a variety program. Hope to see you again next year. The proceeds were for the benefit of the repairs of the hall.
Wishing you all the best of health in the coming months and hope to see you at th next meeting. Regards.
JOSEPHINE ERJAVEC
No. 32, EUCLID, OHIO
We had a nice group at our meeting in April. Our president opened the meeting with prayer. The main interest at this meeting was about the Mother's Day luncheon and it was decided that we go to the Shrine for a chicken dinner instead of our regular meeting with Mother of the Year honored at that time. She is Mary Golobic, a very good and active member, a good mother indeed. She deserves the honor and may God bless her.
Our vice president was busy sending out cards for all occasions. A card to Anne Cook, congratulating her on her 25th wedding anniversary in April was also sent.
A get-well card went to Justina Kanalec, Tina Modic, Dorothy Ulepic, one to Alice Graven and Frank Radwanic. We wish you all a speedy recovery. Sympathy was expressed to Agnes Cook and Theresa Popovich whose father, Anton Potokar passed away. During our meeting, we were notified that the grandson of Frances Klun, Bruce A. Klun, died unexpectedly when his motorcycle slammed into a pole. This was April 19th. His passenger was treated for cuts and bruises. Our deepest sim-pathy to Frances and her family on this tragedy. May he rest in peace. You never know when and where death awaits you. We prayed for him at the meeting.
Agnes Ward spent two weeks in San Francisco visiting friends. Agnes also participated in the performance at the Shore Club, singing. She belongs to this group in the neighborhood and she's really active and likes it.
The hostesses served tea and pastry that was baked by our good-hearted members. Happy Birthday was sung to yours truly and all who had one in pril.
Phyllis De Amico thanked all who helped support the batan twirlers at the Vanity Fair, etc. They have new uniforms and we are happy for them.
We want to remind the members who owe on ther dues to try to pay up before the vacation months if possible. July and August are no meetings. Zarja for July and August is combined. That's how it's been several years now. Wherever you may be, at home or wherever, have a happy and safe summer vacation. Save the news for us for fall. Let me know all about your doings. God bless you all.
A. TEKAVEC
'r T	»v
far. Clijabeth Slackudl JitM American Woman hoc ter {A Bicentennial Tribute)
In the book with the above title the following excerpts are wriitten about the first American woman Doctor:
“This is the year of 1821 and I am 24 years oild,” Dr. Blaokiweill states herself. "I am obsessed with the thought of studying medicine. The reaction of almost everyone is a gasp of disbelief.”
“I am a small, shy, stubborn woman. A woman, .perhaps, who has had too broad an education for the times in which she lives. Thougti the need for some social reform is beginning to be recognized and aided by a very few, the overpowering majority of mankind has not changed its thinking since the century was new. I say “man'kind” because "womankind" was not supposed to think at aM. Certainly not of anything more important then domestic duties and childbearing. Can I honestly hope to combat this solid wall of prejudice against the right of a woman to have a life — a career — of her own?
"My Fathei insisted that his daughters be educated equally with his sons. This, of course, was unheard of! Instead of learning nothing more than household skills and a bit of music or sketching — subjects to equip a young lady to care for a home and husband — my sisters and I were taught languages and mathematics and geography and me- , taphysics and other stimulating studies which set us longing to follow roads that man-made tradition closed to women. Father always said he , was fitting us for life, but not, it appears, for the life young ladies were expected to lead those days.
“Father was a sugar refiner during the years we lived in England. Father was a Dissenter and therefore we, his children, were barred from the English schools. We had our lessons at home under private tutors, f and our heads were filled with far more learning than any school! child got. In addition, Father’s friends were men whose intellectual! horizons were stretched as wide as his own. We older children spent many evenings i listening to men who dropped in to discuss various issues with our father. They talked of temperence, of better and better working conditions, of child labor and the abolition of slavery, of women’s rights and of improvement in institutional care in hospitals.	'
“After we moved to New York and then to Cincinnati, Ohio, father died when I was seventeen. Mother was left with nine children. He left us with a heme, furnishings and 20 dollars in cash. There was nothing else. Mother, Ana and Marian from sheer necessity began school teaching at home, Samuel found a job in the courthouse. Henry, who was thirteen, did most of the cooking. I don’t know who was braver, Henry to do the cooking, or the rest of us eating it. Emily, Ellen, Howard and George were still in their school years and could not contribute anything < to the family finances.”
Those days women had no rights; they could not vote; they could not keep whatever money they might make if the menfolk wanted it. Women had no real jurisdiction over their children, they could not own any property. Elizabeth talked to her family, to her friends, to known doctors, and made applications for admittance at four medical colleges in the city of Philadelphia. They interviewed her, laughed at her, advised and discouraged her, held her up as a curiosity, but all refused to accept her.
She wrote for admission to 12 smaller colleges in the Northwest and finally one accepted her, Geneva Medical College in New York state, now a part of Syracuse University. She entered on October 20, 1846. i Here she noticed how pecple were staring at her, women pulled their skirts close about them as they passed her, thinking of her as a bad woman or a mad one.
She graduated. Of this graduation her brother Howard wrote to his
L CAPSULES:
,	Mother: "Our Elizabeth,	after receiving her diploma said to the presi-	,
dent: “Sir, I thank you!	By the help of the most	High it should be the	(
effort of my Hfe to shed honour upon your diploma!"
As a doctor, Elizabeth did not find life easy. In 1848 she went ‘	10 Paris to	continue her	studies and on	return to America did not	find
■	a place where treating a	patient with a	disease was	possible. She	was	<
walking the streets daily for rooms to start her practice. As soon as she . introduced herself as “Doctor” Blackwell she was suspected as of being , a member of one of the many “quacks” culits that were prevalent mes- , merism, clairvoyance, spiritualism, or worse yet, abortionist, since they ’	had been for years the	only women to use the	title “Doctor”. Finally
’	she found a place at an	exhorbitant rent to start	her practice, since she	'
>	was	refused to work in large dispensaries or being assistant	to doctors.	<
,	The	patients she received were	Negros, whites did not come	. . .,	<
With	great stamina	and patience	she built up	her practice	and	,
finally was	recognized by	her work and	invention of	new medicine.	An
Infirmary, a Hospital and a Medical College for Women were named after ’	her.	She died at the age of 88	in England, the first woman	of modem
>	times to graduate in medicine	and the first woman to be	placed on	'■
, the British Medica! Register (1859).	<
No. 33, DULUTH, MINN.
Our April meeting was an enjoyable time for all. The plans for the National Convention were discussed and there were hopes that some of the ladies may go. President, Sonny Spehar, was chosen as our delegate with Jackie Rukavina as alternate. The Croation ladies served the lunch and we had old favorites — Sarma, Kupus in Grah (sauerkraut and bean soup) and Palachinke with cottage cheese. A few of the ladies, not of Slavic descent, particular enjoyed the Kupus in Grah, which is an old stand-by of all Slavs. We hope everyone enjoyed the food.
Welcome into our lodge Betty Schrei-fels and Mary Majec. Congratulations go out to Josey and Michael Rzatkowski on the birth of a son in March. Get well wishes and a speedy recovery go to Marie Diskin, Eileen Fedo, Gertie Puchalla, and to all others who are ill.
Planning a three week trip to Poland this summer are Helen Mosack and Stella Mattson. Hope you ladies have a real good time.
As you know May is the month we honor all mothers and at this meeting we did just that — honored our Mother of the Year, Anna Strukel. Members of her family participated in the celebration. Daughter, Ann Menart, and granddaughter, Rita Menart, presented a Puppet Show depicting some of the highlights in Anna Strukel's life. The Stojevich boys, grandsons of Anna, and sons of Polly Strukel Stojevich, presented several musical selections. The program was delightful. As usual everyone who came enjoyed the Pot Luck Supper.
Congratulations to all the June grads.
MARY CHEPELNIK
No. 34, SOUDAN, MINN.
Mrs. Herman Mesojedec and Mrs. John Bobence were hostesses for the April meeting of Branch No 34, with 20 mem-
bers present. A pleasant evening followed the business meeting which was presided over by Mrs. John Pahula.
She said that no word had reached her or the Secretary regarding who was representing Branch No. 34 as delegate to the National Convention. We do know that we are combined with other Branches —but we thought we would be informed who was representing us.
At the Social Hour winners were Mrs. Nick Tekautz, Mrs. John Pahula and Mrs. Joseph Gornick at "500" and Mrs. Joseph Skala at POKENO.
Named to the Hostess Committee for May 19, are Mrs. Joseph Masojedec and Mrs. Carl Mattson. The attendance prize will be donated by Mrs William Vollen-dorf.
Mrs. Frank Planton was awarded the April attendance prize donated by Mrs. Nick Tekautz.
All Branch No. 34 members wished success in all the deliberations and efforts of delegates and officers at the National Convention in Pittsburgh — they had a difficult — and sometimes hard to solve problems to work out for the success and betterment of our ZVEZA — our prayers are with them.
To all MOTHERS - belated Happy Mother's Day — may God grant them a long and happy life with their families — and to our deceased Mothers — Eternal rest grant them, O Lordl
BARBARA YAPEL
No. 38, CHISHOLM, MINN.
The SWU Branch No. 38 held a meeting on May 5th at the Slovenian National Home in Chisholm, Minn. This is the last meeting until September 1.
At this meeting plans were made to honor mothers who are in hospitals or nursing homes. The ill members will re-seive a red carnation on May 9th as a token of our esteem. We pray it may bring them a little happiness. Fran Techar
volunteered to take care of all details, for which we thank her.
All members were requested to attend the 9:30 a.m. Mass on Sunday, May 16, receiving Communion in a body, offering it up to all mothers, living and deceased. In	the	afternoon,	beginning at
1:00 p.m., SWU Branch 38 sponsored a Mothers' Honor Dinner at the Slovenian National Home in Chisholm. President Jennie Samsa planned the meal, the menu	being Jennie's	famous Slove-
nian Fried Chicken, with strawberry shortcake for dessert. A delightful program was to be presented, and Ann Bradach took charge of the entertainment. We also had button box music for singing and dancing.
President Jennie Samsa has completed all arrangements for her trip to the Convention in Pittsburg. We wish her a very successful	and	beneficial	sojourn. We
know she	will	bring many new ideas
home to our branch.
One of our members, Mrs. Mary Ober-star, was hospitalized, but she is home again. Happy to hear that! Best wishes for your health, Mrs. Oberstar!
So until Fall, this is your reporter signing off.
ANN NUSICH, Rec. Sec'y
No. 39, BIWABIK, MINN.
Since the beginning of 1976, Branch 39 has gained a few new members. We have three generations who joined the organization, Mrs. Ann Purkat who is young at heart and loves to do what she can for us;, her daughter, Jean Perpich, a lovely person who will be a great help to the Slovenian Women's Union and her granddaughter, Kathleen Maki We also have Jane Purkat, a daughter--in law, who is a willing worker. Branch 39 welcomes them to the Union. In February, we had a bake sale which was a great success. The ladies are well-known for their delicious bakery.
The meetings have been well-attended despite the cold winter weather. Everyone enjoys getting together once a month.
In March we had each member bring a friend to the meeting but the weather wasn't in our favor, so the turn out wasn't too great. There's a good possibility that two of the guests may become members in the future. We are all working to enroll more new members.
The Month of May is the day for honoring a Mother of the Year. Our Mother of the Year Banquet was held May 8th and everyone was looking forward to this event, especially the charter members. Mary Berkness was our honored guest and she well deserves it.
The coming months will be busy planning for September and Minnesota Zveza
Day here. We hope to have the members coming from all over Minnesota and exchange ideas and have a successful event.
In July, we have our annual picnic and everyone looks forward to that event, too.
In conclusion, we would like to remind all members to attend all the meetings. Get well wishes to Mrs. Zallar and Mary Vodnick.
MARGARET SETNIKAR
No. 40, LORAIN, OHIO
Our meeting on April 14th wcs attended by 14 members. It was Holy Week and seemed unbelieveable that Easter was almost here. And, nov/ it has already come and gone. It was a lovely day and of course, after being "Easter Bunny" to five children and one big child, then later to 5 grandchildren, the tables were finally turned and the Easter Bunny left me the biggest basket of all. I guess you never get too old for q surprise from the usual flowers, which I also love. So, a belated Happy Easter to everyone and also thanks.
We held a business meeting and sang Happy Birthday to our ladies celebrating, namely, Angeline Kozjan, Johanna Stiglin, Rose Kragley and Mayme Erjavec. So, happy, happy birthday to all and many more. To all of our ill members, hurry and get well.
Our sincere sympathy to Rose Kragley on the death of her sister, Johanna Go-renshek. May her soul rest in peace.
Do you realize that we will have celebrated Memorial Day by this reading, and I love a parade! And, Mother's Day is already gone! When this issue comes out it will be time for Father's Day. My heart still aches with the thought of my Dad not being with us anymore. It's such a lonely feeling not having a Mother or Dad anymore. So, if you're lucky, bless your good fortune and give Dad a big kiss.
I read this little sentence often so I'll pass it on to you. "The lovely things of life are as necessary as the air by which you-livel!"
Makes you think, doesn't it? Bless you all.	MARY	PLOSZAJ
No. 41, CLEVELAND, OHIO
Please don't forget June 13. Those of you who are coming, please you must have reservations called in.
Thanks to members who are paid up on their dues. If you have not paid as yet please mail them to the secretary with your book and money, to Jane Kaplan, Secy., 19309 Preston Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44128.
Our new members have talent. Mary Ann James makes home-made candy.
colorful arts and crafts with flowers and macrame. Madeline Debevec is a by-line reporter for the American Home news paper of which her husband is also an editor. Her brother is also an editor for another local newspaper.
Jane Kaplan extended personal greetings to Br. 47 on their 45th anniversary also Br. 73 on their 40th anniversary.
If you are near Miami or Fort Lauderdale please call these American Slovenes	who are	ready to	welcome	you:
Mamie Willis 758-9032 or Erna Kotula 554-1318. I understand the Slovenes there are just grand at keeping the Slovene tradition of hospitality. If and when you are there call the:e ladies and they will roll out the red carpet during your stay	or visit in	Florida.
Seen at the	opera were	Jane Kaplan
and	Jim and	Madeleine	Debevec.	Jim
and Madeline had the privilege of meeting Bobby Vinton and had their pictures taken with him which was later published in the American Home.
Mr. & Mrs. Oswald just got back from a trip to visiting Rochcs!er, New York where they visited with their daughter and grandchildren.
Your secretary hcs a birthday coming up June 8th and 25th wedding anniversary on Aug. 4. There will be Mass at St. Wenceslas on Aug 1, at 1:15 p. m. and a small family gathering at the Slovenian Home on Stanley Ave., right after Mass.
Just had a flash! Our President, Madeline has her 13th wedding anniversary on June 8 and her birthday is June 3; a lot of celebrating in one week.
To all members who have a birthday in June we wish you a joyful and happy birthday celebration, wherever you are. Donated to treasury: Thank you so much to: Louise Pahiz, Mary Dacar, Julis Kom-pes, Sophie Magayna.
JANE KAPLAN Sec. No. 41
. . . . —	i	*	-<tr—	-----
No. 42, MAPLE HGTS., OHIO
Hello ladies! Happy Birthday to Agnes Vercek who is in the Slovene Home for the Aged on Neff Road, and Mary Ann Filips, Jennie Intihar, Betty Ann Kastelic, Dolores Lipnos and Olga Ponikvar.
Congratulations to Debutantes from our branch, Lisa Ann Kastelic, daughter of Robert and Carol Ann Kastelic. She is also the granddaughter of "Tonka" Kastelic. The Ball is being held June 12th.
Wedding congratulations also go out to Dolores and John Lipnos whose daughter, Pat is getting married June 27th. Best wishes to them from us for a happy future.
Betty Ann Harr, we'ro glad your surgery was succes.ful at St. Vincent Charity Hospital! Get well wishes to you. Glad to hear that Frank Gruden, Angie's hus-
band, is better too. He was hospitalized recently.
All our get well wishes to the other members who may be ill or feeling under the weather.
Ladies, we plan on a rummage sale, bake sale this fall. Maybe some fun also. So, please save some of the things you plan to discard. I'm not sure if you are interested in going to the Debutante Ball in a group Call me for tickets.
Yours truly will be on vacation in Slovenia this summer with my husband, Lou. If you have any questions after June 14th, please call Frances Glavic and give her the news too. Thanks. Until next time, stay well.
MARY LOU PRHNE ------m —-»»»- m------------------------------
No. 45, PORTLAND, ORE.
On the second Tuesday in April the meeting was held at the home of Florence Lolich. Due to many of our members being down with colds and the flu there was a small attendance. We are looking forward to a good showing at the May meeting, this will be our last meeting till September so let us make an effort and attend the May meeting. We are happy to say that we will have another new member to swear in at our May meeting and that is Mary Deters whom we will be most happy to welcome to our group.
Our parents and in many instances, their parents were the pioneers of this country of America, who left their homeland to venture into the new World. They are the backbone of this country and we, their descendants, have much to be proud of. Not only are we upholding the good life that we have here, but we always have in our hearts our background, our heritage and the great fortitude that our people brought to this country.
On Sunday, April 25th, we had our annual breakfast with members, relatives and friends. Mass was attended at the St. Mary's Cathedral with breakfast following at Henry Thile's Restaurant. There were 39 in attendance. Father Joseph Mikulich joined us as our guest and gave us his blessing. We all joined in song in singing the national Anthem of "Ljepa Naša Domovina" and our own "God Bless America".
In closing I wish to remind all members to please keep their dues up to date and to mail them in to Wilma Fran-ciscovich if they are unable to attend the meetings.
I also wish to mention that our "Mother of the Year" Mrs. Eva Javorcich was present at our breakfast with her two daughters. She was presented with a gold corsage and is a joy to all of us. She is in her 88th year and is still an active member. May we look forward to having her with us in more years to come.
ALICE VIDAN
RENE ODORIZZI: 2362 Paddock Lane Reston, Va. 22091
THE IMMIGRANT
MARTIN [ROM LITIJA
© Irene Odoiizzi, June, 1976
My mother bore 10 children, 6 girls and 4 boys. We all :urvived the normal chilhood sicknesses which took so many infant children at an early age in rural European villages.
Our home was a large farm in Litija, Slovenia. The house was built sturdily of stone walls measuring 12'' in thickness. In the winter, we were protected against the bitter cold winds and in the summer our house was cool, as if it were air-conditioned. In the yard was a deep well for fresh water, a large barn for animals and hay, as well as a few storage sheds. A small clear-water brook, abundant with fish flowed through our farm, and along each side of the path leading to the brook grew 18 fruit trees which I planted when I was still in school. Now after 75 years, every tree had grown to be tall, straight and strong, providing a good deal of fruit and shade on hot sunny days.
As young children we were required to work in the fields helping our parents plow, plant, harvest and thresh. Then there were cows to milk, chickens and pigs to feed, and all kinds of other farm work to take care of when we were not attending school.
I knew at	an early	age, that farm work	was not for me
and	asked my	father if	I could become an	apprentice to a
butcher. My older brother went into the military service and was	appointed	one of	the personal guards	to Kaiser Franz
Josef. He was tall and	good looking in his	brightly adorned
military uniform. Another brother, Frank, cut timber and drove the huge logs down to the saw will with his cart and horse. My eldest brother, Ignace, went to America and became a miner. He was soon followed by Frank. Only one of the sons, Paul, chose to remain on the farm and continue the homestead. Francka and Mitzka remained spinsters and helped their brother on the farm. Angelca became a seamstress and then married, as did her other sisters Pepca and Tončka.
I began my apprenticeship in Zagorje, working long hours without wages and receiving only lodging and food. Then, finally, came the day when I was made a journeyman and could work for a salary, a very small wage for hard work. Then Kaiser Franz Josef interrupted my life, by sending me a draft notice for the Austrian Army. During those years of compulsory military training, I was also a butcher for the regiment. When the three years were up, I returned to Litija and, with a small loan from my father, went into partnership with another man and opened up a butcher shop. A few months later, World War I was declared in Europe and I was recalled to duty with orders to report in 24 hours. I sold my partnership and reported to the 17th Infantry regiment which was sent to Galicia on the Russian front. The leadership of the German army was weak, no wonder they lost the war! We Slovenian soldiers were commanded by German officers who were worthless.
During this campaign, I was frostbitten. We soldiers had tried to warm ourselves by the fire, and I remember burning holes in my shoes trying to get my feet warm. My feet always bothered me after being frozen. In one of the battles, our commander led us into a swamp where we were immediately encircled by Russian troops and unable to escape. Many of my comrades died in the battle, but there were a number of us who were captured by the Russians and sent across Russia to the Asian border to work as prisoners of war.
First we were put to work in the iron ore mines, but none of us knew anything about this dangerous work. The shafts were weak and about to collapse. The sounds we heard
threatened to bury us alive and so, after a few months, we prisoners banned together and went on a sit-down strike. They wanted to	kill	us immediately for refusing	to work,	but the
spokesman	for	our group explained to the	Captain,	“We're
not complaining about working. We want to work, but give us something we know how to do. None of us are miners." The strike was successful. We were allowed to live and were sent to lay track for the railroad.
After a few months laying track, we were sent to Help the tenant farmers in the fields. Working on the farms was the best of all the jobs because we had more and better food to eat. I had been assigned to a Jewish family. They had treated me very well, because they thought that I was also Jewish. They saw to it that I had white bread to eat and tea to drink. The longer that I stayed on the farm, the more I knew that their young daughter was interested in me as a husband and wanted me	to	stay in Russia. One day she brought me a
Jewish Bible and asked me to read it. I opened the heavy book but didn't recognize any of the words. The alphabet wasn't Cyrillic,	Roman, or even Chinese. I	couldn't	read a
word and she knew it. Darinka smiled, took the book, closed it and put it on the shelf. She knew that her religion required her to give me up and we both knew that our lives would never be joined together.
For two and a half years I worked as a prisoner of war, in all kinds of work, learning the Russian language and becoming acquainted with the people. I certainly sympathized with the many problems of the peasants and understood their reasons for revolting against the aristocracy and the Czar, who enjoyed abundant wealth and an easy life. The Russian Revolution, occurring simultaneously with World War I, caused much disorder in the country. This was the opportunity of a life time. Eight of us prisoners located Russian uniforms and, with our knowledge of the train schedules and the Russian language, we began our escape back to Austria and to freedom.
We traveled west, sometimes by train' but most of the times by foot, walking toward the Austrian border. When military officials stopped us we answered, "We're detached from our company and we're on our way back to the front." The
Martin (seated) and his younger brother Frank (stand
Russian uniform, which we wore, became our passport to freedom. There was such confusion politically and militarily in the country that we were able to pass without any difficulty.
It was on this long journey through Russia that we recognized the wealth of the soil, beauty of the land, and generosity of the common people, who shared their simple meals and provided lodging for us in their barns as we traveled. A few farmers even gave us a coin or two that we might continue our walk to freedom. We bartered our few possessions as we continued through the countryside, walking through all kinds of weather. Finally, we reached the Volga River, which served as the boundary line, but coudn't cross the bridge because of the heavily guarded units posted. At a local tavern, I exchanged my Russian uniform with a Russian soldier who had just escaped from Austria and had crossed the watery boundary in an Austrian uniform. Then I persuaded the tavern keeper with a few rubles to row me across the river at night. At that time you could get anything in Russia for money. The Russian, realizing the danger involved for both of us, planned to say that I was his helper, if we were questioned. Then he cautioned me about swimming to shore if we were spotted by the guards on the river. Late that evening we went down to the river bank, into the row boat, and started what appeared to be a very long crossing, in complete darkness. There was no moon that night, and the river was pitch black except for a few military lights. I wondered if we would ever reach the other side.
Once safe on Austrian ground, my footsteps turned toward	home. The other	seven men would eventually	make it
across the river. The tavern keeper said each man would go singly, and one each night. Confidently, and happily, I walked through the small villages and countryside of Galicia and Graz. Then I saw disaster and poverty ahead of me.
The Austrian soldiers would go from door to door begging food	from citizens who	had so little for	themselves that they
were	reluctant to give	to these young	men. There	was no
clothing, shoes, or food — the bare necessities of life were lacking for everyone. It was a long hard war for the military and citizens alike. Soldiers went to the farms and demanded crops. Most of the farming was being done by women because men were drafted into military service. Whatever crops and animals were available, they were forced to give to the soldiers.
The thought of receiving a medal from the army upon my return to Slovenia faded from my mind as I wondered about my parents and sisters left alone to plow, plant, harvest, and keep the farm in good condition.
When I finally reached home, my father and sisters were overjoyed to see me. For two and a half years, no mail had passed between us and thqy had given me up for dead. But, where was Mama? Tončka told me, "She died." My mother's last words to me when I left for the army were, "You are so tall and so big, the enemy will kill you first. I'll never see you again." Then she cried. She was right, we would never see each other again. That afternoon, I went to my mother's grave	at the cemetery.
It was evident that my help was badly needed on the farm, so rather than report to military officials immediately,
I remained on the farm helping with threshing of wheat, making repairs, and doctoring my own aching body. My legs had been the most severely stricken from frost-bite, and my frame was thin from hard work, walking and the lack of food.
Shortly after my return, the local Monsignor reported me to the military police who came to the farm and reassigned me to another infantry unit. I was sent immediately to the Italian front, without a medal and without a furlough. War to the south had been bloody hand to hand combat, and the soldiers were sick of fighting this long war. They wanted to return home. When word had gotten out about President Woodrow Wilson in Versailles, and the 14 Peace Points, the officers became anxious and one by one began to leave the unit. Finally, on November 11, the conflict was over. The sol-
diers disbanded and left for home when they heard the factory sirens blowing and saw the excitement in the market place. When the news was released to the people, the military officials began to take all the best horses and other valuables with them back to Germany. Our poor Slovenian soldiers came home hungry, sick, and poor. Swamps and contaminated drinking water had caused malaria. Many soldiers were stricken while in Italy and for years later were hospitalized. Walking from the Italian border through the countryside we saw neglected animals wandering through woods and fields. We saw farms which were left to weeds, homes which were destroyed, and relics of former battles along the dirt roads. Once again, ! turned my footsteps toward Litija wondering what would be left of our farm and whether we would ever enjoy safe and peaceful days again.
Two young immigrant women pose with their daughters who are approximately nine months old. At left, Emma with Bertha and Tbnčka with Josephine.
As I trudged along the mountainous road with a few other soldiers, we came upon a cart overturned in a ditch alongside of the road. A mare ate contentedly in the fields. We got an idea. My buddies and I turned over the cart, made a few repairs, and then hitched the mare to the cart. We rode the next few days instead of walking, the never-ending miles to Slovenia. Further on we saw a horse's blanket lying along the road. We picked this	up as	well.	Little did	I think that	this
horse would be used	on our	farm	for years	later, nor did I
realize that she would	mother	many	other fine	animals later	on.
Following World War I, Yugoslavia was formed, and with a	new country there	were new laws.	My	hopes	were to start
a	meat market, but	after inquiring,	the	officials stated that
since I didn't have a licensed shop under Serbian government prior to the war, it would be necessary to re-serve my journey-manship once again. What bitter and discouraging news! Here I was, 28 years old, a qualified butcher, who had served his country for eight years, and now I was required to start from the bottom of the ladder. It was time to find a wife, and raise a family, not begin working	for nothing once again.
My eyes turned	to Russia, a country	which	impressed me
in	beauty and wealth, with people	who	were	honest, hard-
working, and sympathetic. The new Russian government promised equality to all. They would give to the needy and poor, rather than the wealthy and prominent. Should I go back to Russia? Then I looked toward America, where streets were
paved with gold and there was opportunity at every turn. I knew that Slovenia held no future for me. I must go to another country.
My brother, Frank, who went to the U.S. in 1913, helped me make my decision by sending money for steamship passage to America. So my sister Tončka and I packed our suitcases and set sail for America. Somehow, I knew the day that I left the farm, my home, and Slovenia, that I would never return to them again, and I didn't. We came to Illinois. Joliet was a thriving industrial town, which meant many opportunities for immigrants. There was the Steel Mill, Rubberoid, Phoenix Horse Shoe Company, to name a few of the factories where Slovenians could get jobs.
Joliet was also a city of many kinds of foreigners. You could tell the nationality of a person by the church he attended. If you were German, you went to St. John's Church, and if you were Croatian, to St. Mary's. The Irish belonged to St. Patrick's, cind the Polish to Holy Cross Church. St. Anthony's was for the Italians, and Sts. Cyril and Methodious for the Slavish. The Slovenians had their own church, as beautiful as a cathedral, and newly built. It was St. Joseph's. Usually immigrants lived in the section of town which was closest to their church.
It wasn't as hard getting adjusted to America as I had worried about during our crossing. Immigrants stayed close together and tried to help each other. When I arrived in Joliet, a job was waiting for me at the Steel Mill. I worked there three days, when a fellow Slovene helped me secure a job with a meat wholesale firm. There I continued my trade as a butcher and sausage maker.
This city was a little bit like Slovenia existing in the United States. There were social events like weddings, lodge picnics, meetings, dances, plays, and church functions. When we were with Slovenians we spoke our mother tongue, and sang our favorite songs. When with Americans, we struggled with the new language.
Night school helped us learn American faster. We immigrants wanted to be a part of this wonderful new country as fast as we could. We didn't want to be called "greenhorns" forever, so we attended school in the evening. These classes helped us learn about American history, government, life in the U.S., the American language, and the laws for aliens. We were also prepared to take our citizenship test which would make us full-fledged American citizens. Miss Gospodaric, our teacher, taught many immigrants from every country in one class. You could hear the accent of many different nationalities as each student struggled through difficult pionunciation of words and sentences.
All the while that I worked at Adler's Meat and Wholesale Company, I thought of opening my own business. So, I worked and saved every penny that I made. My salary, after I had been working awhile, was $35 a week. My brother, Frank, and I talked of opening up a business together. I would cut the meat, Frank would deliver the orders, and Emma, his wife, would work in the store waiting on the customers. I planned to go down to Auburn and look at property on the Armistice Day weekend, but on November 11, my brother had died, and with his death, my dream. A strange feeling came over me Here I was, saving every penny, and for what? My brother, Ignace, had come to America and had died from ocute appendicitis. And now, Frank had died from an accident in the mine Misfortune always comes in threes. Would I be the next? All these thoughts swept through my mind as the funeral procession made its way to the cemetery. "What was the use of saving every penny if you would die young and couldn't use it?" When I returned to Joliet, I went to the bank and withdrew enough money to pay for a car. To me that was the luxury that I would enjoy the most. I had purchased a long black shiny car from a couple who had owned a coal company. There were all kinds of chrome fixtures on the front and on the back This was a rich man's car without a doubt.
The woman showed me how to drive it on the country roads around Stateville Penitentiary. That car represented most of my savings since coming to America, but there was still enough money in the bank to buy a piece of property and build a garage so that I could keep my Jewett out of the bad weather.
On Sunday afternoons, when the weather was nice, my sister, brother-in-law, and two other friends would go out for a ride in the country to visit some of our Slovenian friends. They all liked to ride in the car, but when it came time to wash off the mud from the country roads, no one volunteered to go to the spring at the park. I usually did it myself.
The East side of town had been a pretty popular place for many bachelors, because there were some places which were selling drinks and you could have a good time and meet some girls. At Rivnik's there were three young single ladies, Antoinette, Josephine, and Annie. They were all pretty good looking girls, especially Josephine. A group of us fellows, Joe, Jerry, Charlie, and Marko would go down and visit, and have a few drinks and sing our Slovenian songs in 4-part harmony.
I always sang a strong bass, Charlie was a baritone, and the girls sang soprano and alto. Jerry was pretty musical, he could even play the clarinet. We had many good times there until I saw that Charlie had his eye on Josephine too. He would always bring her gifts of candy or flowers, and eventually began bringing gifts to her parents. It was then I realized the time had come for me to move on to greener pss’ures. Charlie wcs a suave character, and the competition, and expense, were too much for me. Most of the girls born in America weren't interested in marrying a "green-horn" Slovenian (uncle.s, of course, we had a car). The girls enjoyed going places, and always accepted our invitations, but marriage was out of the question.
Joe, Marko, and I then became acquainted with another Slovenian family who also had three eligible daughters. The youngest one was Mitzi and she caught my eye. Mitzi was tall, attractive, intelligent, could speak English and Slovenian equally well, and enjoyed acting in Slovenian plays. I didn't realize till later that she also caught Marko's eye. The three of us would go to Chicago to the SNPJ lodge dances, plays, and picnics. I'd drive the car, and Mitzi and Marko would sit in the back seat. It wasn't long before they were holding hands.
I lost again! It turned out that I was only the chauffeur.
Then Marko bought Mitzi a diamond ring. When he gave it to her, she said, "This is a dime store ring!"
Marko was crushed because he had spent his hard earned salary for that ring. "No, it is a real diamond."
Mitzi replied, "Well, it doesn't look like one," and she dropped it in his open hand. Well, that was it for Marko, besides, Mitizi's mother had decided to set higher stakes. She was aware that there weren't many eligible Slovenian girls around, and her daughters had been sent to the Slovenian school and could read, write, type, and do office work. They were prizes so she made this announcement, "Our Mitzi won't marry yet because we have two older girls, Jenny and Annie, who must get married first. Besides, whoever marries one of my daughters must have $1,000. That did it! I lost my enthusiasm and never went back again.
By now, my sister, Tončka, was married and renting an apartment in an area where many Slovenians lived. I boarded with them until the day finally arrived when I decided that I had been a bachelor long enough. My choice was a woman whom I admired ever since my brother, Frank, had married her. I had often said, "If I could find a woman like Emma, I'd marry her right away." But I never did find a hardworking girl who could cook well, have beauty, intelligence, and personality.	Then	the	inevitable	happened. My brother,
Frank, died	and	left	Emma a widow	with	a baby girl, not
yet one day old.
It was	Armistice	Day,	November	11,	I went to Auburn
immediately	and	took	care	of the funeral	arrangements, and
saw that Emma and the baby were in the capable hands of
her sister before I left to return to Joliet.
During these difficult month?, Tončka and I kept in touch with her in case she needed help. After nearly a year, when :.he became healthier, the baby was stronger, and the legal natters were settled, my sister, Tončka, persuaded Emma to come to Joliet for a few month; so that the family could see ihe baby. It was then that we became better acquainted and I later suggested marriage. All of our friends and family encouraged Emma to accept, and she d:d. Dispensation was given frcm the Bi:hop, and there was a quiet wedding at the 6:00 a.m. Mars, with only two w'tnesses and the nuns present i". church for the ceremony.
A yeyr later we decided to open a bu:inrs; of our own, t "one stop store" where you could cet groceries and household supplies, as well as meat. Thi-, was the American custom. In April 1925, the contract was sijned and the men started digging for the foundation — by hand. It took so long that one of the Slovenian men, who daily passed by the construction site on his way to and from work, started to make jokes about the lack of progress, "The cow who is to be cut up for meat and sold in this store hasn't been born yet," he would cackle.
There were some unemployed Slovenian men in the neigh borhood who volunteered to come and assist with the digging The work moved faster then, and before long, the blocks fo the foundation were in place and the carpenters had arrived Each day a little more was accomplished, and we were be coming more anxious to see the finished results. Then the red bricks arrived and were unloaded from the truck, and the masons took over. Slovenian immigrants constructed our building and it still stands, sturdy and strong after fifty years. That's the way they made buildings in Slovenia — to last a lifetime and longer.
With the brick walls in place, the huge glass windows were installed, then the showcases, shelves, and walk-in icebox. It was time to order stock and a delivery truck. We moved into the modern living quarters in the back of the store and began to prepare for the grand opening of our
grocery and meat market. Bertha was 3 years old, and Teddy 1 year old, so help was needed. Mary, a young Slovenian girl, was hired to help with the children, and Johnny was to work in the store.
The day that we opened our doors for business was the proude t day of my life. The drec:m of a life time had come true. Yes, this was truly a golden land of opportunity, for anyone who was ambit'ous, was willing to work hard and save, could get ahead Such a miracle could only happen in America, and it happened to me.
No. 50, CLEVELAND, O.
Our regular monthly meeting was again well-attended by 87 members. Highlight of the meeting were our cadets in uniform, who marched in with six new members to be installed. One of the cadets, Marge Inman, conducted the installation, and all members repeated the pledge.
Also introduced and greeted were two guests — Sophie Richter and Martha Zak.
At the coming convention in Pittsburg, Cleveland will be well represented with groups performing on their program, with "The Twirlettes" Dawn Choral Group and Marie Prisland Cadets.
Get well wishes to all our members who are ill — Marie Kalin is reported ill — Jean Gercar is at West End Hosp:-tal with a broken hip — Jean Tomsic has a back ailment.
Sympathy to Mary Grmsek who lost her brother-in-law, Al Garawanda, Another grandson was lost to Ann Fiktus, this being the third baby grandson in the family, who has died in the past six weeks. Our prayers to them.
Congratulations going out to Mr. & Mrs. Somrak (Bernice) who celebrated their 25th weeding anniversary and to Tony and Mary Okicki who will be hav-
ing their 41st wedding anniversary on May 25th. Many more!
Lillian Hlabse, who handles many home economics department telephone calls for the Plain Dealer, consulated our member, Josephine Trunk, about Slovenian "Ethnic Easter" traditions. Josephine assisted her in the spelling of some of our meats — "želodec" and "klobase" for example, and with some of our Slovenian recipes, like "Potica". A beautiful writeup was given in the Sunday Magazine of the Plain Dealer about our Slovenian meat markets who specialize in this type of homemade meat products.
Happy Birthday was sung to all our ladies having a birthday in April, prizes were won by the lucky number holders.
As usual, our dessert table was filled with lucious goodies, donated by some of members. Thank you to all who have participated. Helpful Hint: You can get an alcohol stain off polished furniture by rubbing it with olive oil.
P.S. Irene Jagodnik, Financial Sec'y requested members who are behind in their dues to please send payment or come to next meeting and pay. Address of Irene: 6786 Metro Park Dr., Mayfield Village, Ohio 44143. Thank you.
MAE FABEC, Reporter
No. 52, KITZVILLE, MINN.
Our monthly meetings will soon come to a climax for the summer months and we would like everyone to try and find a new member. It seems that we are going down in membership instead of up. We sure need some new faces in our branch. Our old ones are leaving and there aren't many left. So please try and get a new member.
Recorder Dorothy Russo was absent at our last meeting and the minutes were read by Vice-President Margaret Andri-can. We hope that our Recorder Dorothy Russo will be with us at our last meeting for this summer.
We had a very nice turnout and a bouquet of flowers was given to our Mother-of-the-Year, Pauline Germ. Donating the bouquet were Sisters: Ann Roberts, Jennie Crea and Ann Mansfield.
We then concluded our business session with a prayer by Sister, Rose Trombly, President. We then went on to the social of the evening. Hostesses were Sisters: Ann Roberts, Ann Mansfield, Ivana Prelesnik and Julia Mancuso. A delicious lunch was served. Cards were played with honors going to Sisters: Frances Jerkovich, Margaret Andrican, Gertrude Kochevar and Frances Shega; Bridge Honors to Sisters: Celia Palitano, (Cont’d. on page 17)
This picture shows the new Model A Ford truck which they had purchased for the grocery and meat business. Th" truck is parked in frcnt of the store. Others in the picture are: daughter Bertha on the spare wheel; son, Teddy standing with his dog, Brownie; Wife Emma, sitting at the wheel of the truck which she was learning to drive; Martin standing with hand on his waist; and nephew, Emil from Auburn, Illinois who worked in the store, and lived v.ith the family for a few years.
In the left of the picture, mainly seen in the background are the factories at which many of the Slovenian irr.migrants worked.
FOUR MORE DEBS BRIGHTEN
Carol Komat
Patricia Grab°n
Rosalie Nosse
Lisa Kastelic
darol _J\omal
Carol is 17 years old and has been a Junior member a>l her life at Br. 50, Cleveland, Ohio. She attended St. Vitus elementary school and is now a student at Erieview Catholic High. Her activities at school are Junior Achievements as Treasurer and Student Council Hoime Room Representative.
Carol has also been very active for years teaching J'unior members from Br. 25 the arts of baton twirling and cheer leading.
Her proud parents are Frank and Theresa Komat of 1086 E. 66th St. Cleveland, Ohio. Carol’s mother, has always been very active in one way of other since she joined the Slovenian Women’s Union. Carol’s hobbies are sewing, needlepoint and sports.
f-^citricict (jraben
Pat is a student at Bowling Green State University and is affiliated with the Chi Omega Sorority. She is busy with studies, dorm activities and extracurricular events at college. She is an S.W.U. Schoarship Student, earned in 1974 when she also was granted scholarships from the Euclid PTA and Business, Teacher’s Scholarships.
Pat does volunteer work for the St. Thomas More Church in cn the Cancer Society program teoture sessions and BGSU presented by Ohi Omega Sorority.
She has been a junior member of Br. 32 for many years and taught baton twirling for the Cleveland group for three years.
4th S.W.U.
1Z*Ju flo
loSAc
Rosalie Ann Nosse, born on February 28, 1960 is the daughter of Anthony and Irene Vidrich Nosse and lives in Hambden Township, five miles each of Chardon, Ohio. She attends Chardon High and
SLOVENIAN NA1I0NAL ST. CLAIR AV., CLEVELAND, 0.
this year accomplished a Straight A for her sophomore year and made the "Honor Roll". She's currently in the Vo-Ed Program for the Special Education Students and studying "Stables and Management" She wants to train and take care of horses, altho at first the wanted very much to go into Veternairy Medicine! She may yet, the future will tell us soon.
Born in Cleveland, Rosalie had an open-heart operation at the age of three and has had no trouble since. She enjoys playing her flute and music, especially Slovenian, very much. She played for 3 yeais in the Middle School Band and one year in the Sr. High Band. She is now taking formal lessons and perhaps will go back to the Band for her last two years of school. She also sang in the Middle School Chorus and then one year in the Senior High Chorus.
She enjoys rding and will do that "English" style after she has trained her young horse "Pretty-Boy Leroy". She purchased him with her own earnings while working at her first job at nearby stables. He is half-Apoloosa and half-Double AA Quarter horse.
Living at home with her parents, she also has two brothers, Gregory and Matthew and a young sister Marie Elaine with whome she has shared some of her happy adventures. She says she never could live in a big city like Cleveland, her mother Irene did for over 20 years. She now understands why grandparents, Frank and Paula Vidrich chose to live in Geauga County in their later years.
csLiAci ^J^cistelic
I	am sixteen, a member of Branch No. 42 of the Slovenska Ženska Zveza in Maple Heights, Ohio, and a student at Lumen Cordium High in Bedford.
In 1972, my parents, four brothers and
I	toured Yugo;lavia, learning about the Slovenian people and their culture. We visited many friends and relatives of my grandparents, Louis and Antonia Kastelic, who migrated as teenagers to the United States where they met and married. We were much impressed by the beauty of the countryside end the warmth of the people.
Slovenian traditions have always been a part of our family life; Planina concerts, blessed Easter baskets, the button-box accordian, and the fantastic Slovenian foods — especially my grandmother's delicious cherry strudel!
My hobby is sewing and I enjoy other activies — all kind of sports.
It was like home — Slovenia — to them. Rosalie and the rest of her family last year visited the birthplaces of all four grandparents and the favorite was Grandma Vidrich . . . that is the first Mrs. Vidrich . . . Luzerje pri Rckek, Nova Vas blizu Velike Lašee. and also where her grandfather Nosse came from ... Zagradec, Kuzelce, near or in Vasi Laze, fara Krka. The other two grandparents were from well-known Cerknica and Postojne, Razdrto. She sure wants to visit again in the future, and not only once more, but many times. She really loved it there, as well as her sister and brothers and has asked Mother Irene to help her speak and maybe, just maybe try and learn to write and read Slovenian and then contact will not be broken with all the new cousins she met. They are learning English, so why can't she learn Slovenian, the right way?
Grandmother Nosse Tanezic (nee Sa-
SCENE AT JUNE 12th BALL
Hermine Prisland Dicke 3717 Council Crest Madison, Wis. 53711
*
For centuries, buckwheat ŽGANCI were almost a daily dish for people living in Slovenia. In fond memory of Helen Corel, of Brooklyn, N.Y., Branch No. 93, her traditional recipe for ŽGANCI follows. Helen was a former, very diligent Slovenian Women's Union worker who recently died at age 93.
Žganci
(Buckwheat Crumbles)
1 quart water
2 cups buckwheat flour
1 teaspoon salt
2 tablespoons butter
Slowly pour buckwheat flour into briskly boiling salted water. Cook over low fire for 15 minutes without stirring, then with a wooden spoon, make a hole in the center of the flour to allow the water to come over the flour. Simmer for another 15 minutes. Pour off half of the water and stir the flour and the remaining water, until you get an even mixture. Melt butter, pour it over the mixture, cover the pot and let it stand for a few minutes.
With a wooden spoon (a wooden spatula works better) pick up portions of the mixture and with a fork scrape crumbles off the spoon and pile them fluffily into a bowl (do not press down). These crumbles (žganci) may be put in clear chicken or beef soups or served topped with pork cracklings or browned buttered bread crumbs. A traditional combination is ŽGANCI in ZEUE (Buckwheat Crumbles and Sauerkraut).
jovec) was a member of No. 32 in Euclid and along with Grandmother Vidrich would be sewing her dress for the ball in June. With all of them gone now, its hard to try and still remember the ones or relatives that she never knew. As the Vidriches were very active in S.N.P.J., S.D.Z., Mladinski Zbor No. 3 and Progressive Women, so is her mother Irene active with the libraries in Chardon and
Zelje
(SAUERKRAUT)
Cover the kraut with water and boil for 25 minutes. Pour off the water and sprinkle with 1 tablespoon flour. Stir well and cook a little longer. Serve with pork cracklings or crumbled bacon. It may be seasoned with: 1 or 2 tablespoons brown sugar, 1 teaspoon caraway or celery seed.
*****
Another century old traditional Slovenian recipe in honor of our Bicentennial celebration is CARAWAY SEED SOUP. Mrs. Ann Kompare's version of this soup is excellent. Ann, a national auditor, is from South Chicago and is a member of Branch No. 95.
Caraway Seed Soup
2	tablespoons flour 1 tablespoon butter
Salt and pepper, as desired 1 tablespoon finely chopped parsley
1 teaspoon caraway seeds
2 tablespoons ketchup
4 cups of boiling water or left over beef stock or clear	chicken	broth or
vegetable stock (water was used in Slovenia since beef or	chicken	soup was
served only on special occasions such as Easter or Christmas — one couldn't afford meat soup more often)
1 egg, well beaten
Brown flour in butter (pork or beef drippings traditionally were used). Add seasonings, parsley and caraway seeds. While stirring cook until seeds start to burst; then slowly stir in boiling water or broth. Add ketchup and bring to the boiling point. Let simmer slowly for 5 minutes then quickly stir in beaten egg, mixing all the while so that the egg cooks into flakes. Boil a minute or two longer. Serve hot.
Note:—Ketchup, of course, was not part of the century old recipe which adds much to the flavor. My mother, Mrs. Prisland, recalls how tomatoes just were not available. They were called "nebeške jabolke" or "heaven's apple".
As a child she remembers when her grade school class in Slovenia visited the local priest's garden to see his one tomato plant — the only one in the area.
Hambden and also with the Democratic Women of Ohio and Geauga County. Maybe she will be as much Slovenian as her mother and grandparents and dad are and very proud of her Slovenian Heritage. Mother is member of No. 68 of Fairport. Starbor, o.
Rosalie is looking forward to the Cotillion Ball in June and so are her mother and Dad.
Mrs. Marion Fink of Fraser, Michigan, offers these two very flavorful recipes that you will like very much.
Chicken Delight
1	cup uncooked rice
1	cup milk
1	can cream mushroom soup
1	can cream of celery soup
1	chicken, cut up
1	package dry onion soup
1	package chicken stuffing
Mix together the rice, milk and canned soups in bottom of roaster. Lay pieces of chicken in soup mixture. Sprinkle with dry onion soup Make stuffing on top of stove according to package directions. Place on top of chicken. Cover roaster and bake at 350 degrees for 1 £ hours or until chicken is tender.
Rutabaga Croquettes
1 medium rutabaga Vi cup butter 1 egg
% cup grated cheddar cheese Vi teaspoon pepper J cup fine dry bread crumbs
Peel rutabaga. Slice thinly. Place in boiling water, and cook until tender, about 10 to 20 minutes. Drain. Place in medium bowl with butter, egg, cheese, and pepper. Beat until smooth. Chill until firm enough to handle — about 1 hour. Shape into one inch balls. Roll in bread crumbs to coat. Place on greased cookie sheet. Bake at 425 degrees for
10	to 20 minutes or until slightly browned Makes six vegetable servings or three dozen J inch balls for appetizers. Very good!
*****
Marlene Dietrich in a surprising article writes of men and cooking: "Cooking will do more for you than give you Joy. It will occupy your hands constructively, the greatest occupational therapy there is. It's easy to cook simple things. Men like simple things. If you cook you will know a joy you never knew — to watch your man eat."
Marlene adds: "You are the queen of your house. Therefore don't grumble. Grumbling is the death of love. Your man would prefer to come home to an unmade bed and a happy woman than to a neatly made bed and an angry woman.
Be in a happy mood — it's much easier to make the bed and clean the house and cook and sew. To live up to the images he has of you will make it a wonderful life for you and for him."
Hermine
Happy Father's Day!
(No. 52 CONT’D:)
Alice Baratto, Ivana Prelesnik and Pauline Germ.
Our door prize was again won by our lucky Secretary, Virginia Krak. This brought our very delightful evening to a close.
Don't forget our meeting again will be held the first Wednesday of the month.
And now that summer is here and vacations are upon us, drive carefully, for the life you save may be your own.
May God bless you all and keep you in the best of health, until we meet again.
GERTRUDE KOCHEVAR
No. 56, HIBBING, MINN.
"Congratulations and all good wishes to Agnes Barkis, our chosen Mother-of-the-Year! May our Lord keep and guide her always!" This took place at the beginning of the social which brought recognition to	Mrs. Clifford	Barkis	— an
active, loyal, member of our S.W.U. for many past years, one who is truly deserving of the honors paid her.
Our	May	meeting was	very	well-at-
tended as members arrived to offer sincere felicitations to the honored guest. Seeing	and	greeting so	many	friends,
young	and	old, provided	Agnes with
tears of joy. She looked lovely in the pleasure she derived in the greetings — such happiness was very becoming to her! We hope this happiness stays with her — for keeps!
Our branch president, Rose Maras, presented Mrs. Barkis with a lovely corsage and a gift from the group. Mrs. Anne Satovich, hostess chairman of the evening activities introduced members of the Barkis family. In attendance were two sons (by a previous marriage) with their wives — Mr. and Mrs. Wm Bischoff, Mr. and Mrs. Barney Bischoff, and a daughter, Mrs. Frances Tobey — and three (3) grandchildren, Anita, Glo-rian and Frances, and her husband, Clifford Barkis.
Mrs. Barney Bischoff entertained with piano selections, and accompanied a sing-a-long of Slovenian songs. Son Barney gave a short talk "Tribute to Mothers".
On the tea table, beautifully appointed with red roses, (a gift from her family) and a white china Madonna enhanced with lighted candles, was a beautifully decorated layer cake with the inscription "Congratulations to Mother" — (this, too, was a gift from the family). Her daughter, Mrs. Tobey, presided at 'he silver service.
The business meeting was short considering the event of the evening. Reports were heard from other officers after which members were informed of a summer recess with no further meetings until August. A social in games and visiting followed the meeting.
Hostesses for the evening were the other
Letters to the Editor...
I just cannot tell you how much I enjoyed reading the April issue of Zarja, and especially the beautiful tribute to your beloved Mom. I had tears in my eyes as I was reading it — and every picture was familiar, including Ribnica. Did you know that my Mom was also in the group picture of Lira? In the second row next to your Mom were the two Petrovčič sisters, and my Mother was next to them, wearing the huge white hair ribbon on the back of her head. My Mother's brother, or Uncle Joe Hočevar, was also a member. He was in the last row, the third from the end. How well I remember Bara Kramer. She came from Bela Krajina, as did my Dad. Many, many years ago, she visited Cleveland, and with our family.
Last summer I had the good fortune to visit Slovenia. We spent an afternoon in Ribnica, were in the church and also recognized the building, where your Mom and her cousin were pictured.
When I saw the program for the play, it certainly brought back many beauti-
members of Mrs. Barkis's card club, all of whom are members of S.W.U. with Mrs. Anne Satovich, Chairperson. She was assisted by Amelia Doman, Mary Bisso-nette, Barbara Doshen, Dorothy Oberstar, Mary Drobnick, Katherine Marino, Man-da Butorac, and Mary Puhek.
Have a nice summer — everybody.
A. SELVO, Pub.
---- ------- I lOEIB -------------------“
No. 59, BURGETTSTOWN, PA.
Hi! It was nice to see so many members at our meeting in May. Margaret Yenko is recuperating at home and doing well after her recent operation. Hilda Monteguin, our recording secretary, added a little extra cash towards our treasury by a special project — giving a "Pig in a Poke", a pair of bunnies that you put on the refrigerator and that went to Jennie Ferbežar. Mary Vuksano-vich retired as a clerk at the PX Market in Slovan. She will enjoy her retirement by traveling and of course, relaxing more.
Yours truly, Rosemary Orenchuk, was honored on Mother's Day, it also being her birthday, May 7th, with a family dinner at Johnny Lounder's restaurant. We played our favorite games and the special prize was won by Catherine Ferbežar. Cake and coffee was served by the committee.
ROSEMARY ORENCHUK -■*» ■—«1» i mm--------------------------
No. 73, WARRENSVILLE HEGHTS
Our 40th Anniversary Mass was held the day of this writing, and members who attended are as follows: Betty Bayus; Virginia Cherosky; Mary Chesnik; Jenny DeRoia; Helen Dusek; Louise Epley; Jeannette Epley; Ann Fike; Margarita Fran-chini; Helen Kainec; Louise Majersik; Ann
ful memories. My first Slovenian costume, being part of many programs, when we sang the beautiful Slovenian songs and acted out the little skits. Your Aunt Jean was also in the group — Josie Perpar, Josie Valencie, Millie Brancel, just to mention a few. Those were happy days.
That was the beginning of really learning about and appreciating our Slovenian heritage. And a few years later, there was the Baraga Glee Club. Already in those years we had a deep respect and regard for Bishop Baraga, taught by beloved Father Jager. And to think that perhaps very soon the day will come, when he will be proclaimed a saint! That was such a beautiful mass and program in his honor last September at St. John's Cathedral. And it certainly was a pleasure to see you there.
I just had to write to you to let you know how many "Golden Memories" were brought back to me! Thank you!
Lovingly,
DOROTHY ZUGEL STANONIK
Modic; Jean Novotny; Pauline Svette; Mary Schneider; Josephine Turk; Agnes Walters; Kay Yuratovac; Ann Yane; and Ann Yoger. Our ladies were first recognized and welcomed as a group by the "first Reader" of the Mass, Roy Kozlik, and then by Father Anthony before his sermon. All the members were deeply touched by Father Anthony's address to them as a group, but at the same time giving one the impression that he was holding an individual conversation with each member. He stated that groups such as our branch, holding together for so many years, makes up the backbone of good living, good family relationship, and in turn makes one more aware of what they can do to better their fellow men and women, their church and their communtiy.	All	the	members	want to
thank Father Anthony for his encouraging words,	his	true	sincerity,	and the
meaningful sermon which followed. His interest did not extend to our branch alone, but	to	the	Slovenian	Women's
Union as a whole, and we know that the prayers he offered were for each and every member of the Union. May God bless him and everyone!
We are	happy to report	we have
three new members in our branch. Mary Castillo is our new senior member, and Mark and Heather Nemeth are new junior members, grandchildren of Virginia Nemeth.
Our Sophie Maurer is in the hospital at this writing, and hope that she will have a speedy recovery. Our love and best wishes to you Sophie always. Joseph Travnik, husband of Frances, a long time member, is hospitalized also, and we wish him a speedy convalescence also.
Mr. & Mrs. Tom Herman (Elaine Maur-
er), have been blessed with the arrival of a baby boy. Congratulations to the parents, and good health to the new baby!
Sorry to report that Frank (Rose) Spre-mulli's bioiher passed away, and also Charles (Vera) Kozak's Mother. May they all rest in peacel
Our combination Mother's Day recognition and Pot Luck Dinner won't be held until the first Monday in June instead of the month of May as in previous years, as we have quite a few members who are feeling under the weather so to speak and also some of the member s families, so we are hoping by then this affair will be more enjoyable as more members will be able to attend. Our prayers and thoughts go to all the members and their loved ones, and trust that all will be feeling much better real soon.
MILDRED D. ROBERTS, Reporting Secretary
—---------—MiLV-a——a ■63*»"  ----------
No. 81, KEEWATIN, MINN.
Our group met on April 27th in Father Frederick Hall. The meeting was well-attended. Our president, Mary Brletich, opened the meeting with prayer. Minutes of the previous meeting were read and approved. The treasurer's report was accepted. Correspondence and cards of thanks were read.
The articles on the Immigrants which are published in the Zarja in March and April issues, were discussed. The women enjoyed the articles very much since some of them were also immigrants. These women were encouraged to respond to the letter from Mrs. Odorizzi asking for their own experiences as immigrants when they came to this country.
I	hope some of them will get in touch with Zarja about this.
Plans were finalized for the Mother's Day Breakfast on Sunday, May 8th at which Mrs. Antoinette Kukich was to be honored as Mother of the Year. The members of her family were to be guests at the breakfast. Preceding this we had a mass offered. Mrs. Molly Boben and Mrs. Josephine Kapla served as cochairpersons for the breakfast.
A door prize was given to Mrs. Mary Marolt. A delicious dessert then was served by the hostesses, Mrs. Antoinette Kukich, Mrs. Antoinette Mestnick, Mrs. Mary Sametz and Mrs. Clem Bolf. The rest of the evening was spent in visiting and singing. The meeting came to a close with a prayer by our president.
MARY MICHELICH Reporter
 —H ---------------------------------
No. 86, NASHWAUK, MINN.
We held our regular meeting on Tuesday, April 27th. Earlier in the day, we had a rummage sale and also sold sloppy joe sandwiches, cake and bars along
with coffee. A report on the sale was given at our meeting and proved to be quite satisfying. We wish to thank everyone for their help.
Following the business meeting, we enjoyed a social hour with Canasta and Bridge. Christine Meyer was the winner in Bridge, Hilda Denne and yours truly, Anne Mazar in Canasta. Mary Gram took home the cut prize.
A delicious lunch was served by host-tesses, Hazel Smith and Amelia Alampi. We hope to see you all soon.
Your Reporter, ANNE MAZAR
--------------------K«	------------------
No. 89, OGLESBY, ILL.
Hello, all! Had our Mother's Day Banquet at the Kaskaskia Hotel. Had a real good turn out and our very faithful members plus some very nice guests. Prizes were given out to the lucky ladies present. A short meeting was held by our president, Frances Meglich who was also the chairlady of the committee.
No bowling report was made because we had not received the final tally from the tournament, but we were hoping for the best.
Hope the Convention is a hugh success and all delegates have a good trip to and from Pittsburgh. Sure wish we could have made it.
Good health to all the sick and best wishes for a happy summer.
Belated Mother's Day wishes, too.
C. A. DAWSON
No. 95, So. CHICAGO, ILL.
Our April Meeting brought out 31 dedicated members. After all reports were given, our chairlady, Mary (Robert) Per-kovich (for the May Party) put forth a special	effort, to	pay	a proper	tribute
to our	"Woman	Of	The	Year"	Evelyn
Driscoll.	She felt	that	she	can rely on
all of our members to make this event in May an outstanding success.
For our program we had Mr. Chuck Moran from the Illinois Bell Telephone as our guest speaker, who showed slides on "Chances Are", which gave us an insight on how many chances we take in our lifetime, and dramatized various ways on how we should take extra precautions on what's ahead of us in our lifetime, which is nothing but chance. He also fielded questions from our members.
Table decorations using a Easter Theme were lovingly prepared by Evelyn Driscoll and assisting	her	was	Helen	Price,
and the tasty delicacies by: Mary Nicksic, Mary Jurko, Rote Kmeta and Evelyn Driscoll. Hostessess were, Emma Yergo-vich and Mary Barcevac.
Cash contributed by:	$10	by Mary
Jurko and Rose Krnetci, in memory of their beloved sister Anna Nagoda, $3-Rose Krneta, $2-Ann Pearson, and $1-Mary Malcic. With gratitude we acknow-
Etlmic Art Series Opens
The Slovenian Research Center of America started its Slovenian Heritage Bicentennial Art Series with a wooJcut of a Slovenian village by H. Gregory Prusheck (1387-1940).
Prusheck (originally Perusek), who came to America at the age of 17, was referred to in American sources as "the be-'t of the modernistic painters of Chicago in the 1920’s.” He moved to Cleveland, Ohio in 1931 and died there in 1940 as director of the Yugoslav Art School and one of America’s most talented ethnic painters.
His works have been preserved in American and European museums, art galleries, and private collections.
"By July 4, we hope to publish a complete series of art cards, introducing to the American public, together with other Slovenian contributions, also the leading Slovenian American artists and their most significant works,” said Prof. Edward Gobstz, director of the Center.
Prushek’s early hardships as a struggling painter living in Chicago are described in Andrej Kobal's book “Svetovni Popotnik Pripoveduje”. The author met Prushek when he was still a yoiog imen and tells of hiis antiistiic taients.
His niece, Marie (Perusek) Dolinar, is our good member of Euclid, Ohio. She and her family can be justly proud of their uncle who brought fame and renown to the Slovenian nationality thru his high quality of artistic ability.
ledge your donations, and Rose and Mary, your friendly sentiments are also heartily appreciated.
Please pray for Michael Dosen, (wife is Manda Dosen), who has recently undergone open heart surgery, I'm so grateful to hear that he is making a good recovery and is feeling stronger every day. Also pray for our beloved member Virginia Kwiatkowski who certainly has had her share of operations, and for Mary Kovacevich of Allegan, Mich, who has been ailing; in your invocations include all of our members who are ailing.
Birthday Greetings to the following who are celebrating in June: Alyce Kro-pel, Ann Starcevich, Mary Malicic, Manda Sarich (TEXAS), Mary Rezek, Victoria Tomich, Helen Alb, Irene Evans, Rose Mary Latoza, Mary Kostecka, Helen Hoff, Katherine Jackovich, and Eva Mesin.
My thoughts turn to all of the Daddies out there! We wish you health, blessings and joy! H^ppy Fathers Day!
MILDRED JAMES
MARIE PRISLAND
GOD'S COUNTRY (BOŽJA DEŽELA)
teko prijateljica Mary Matjazich v Los Angelesu imenuje Južno Kalifornijo. Zares je to čudovita pokrajina. Meseca jui’iija vidite na visokih gonaih večen sneg, ki dolino varuje pred vročino, meseca januarja pa že laihko neberete šopek cvetlic na svojem vrtu. Dolino ogreva toplo sonce vso leto. Kaj takega rr-cnda ne najdete nikjer drugje na svetu.
Ko je v Wisconsnu mescca marca razsajal ledeni vihar in je mnogo krajev bilo hudo prizadetih-ibrez eiektrike in gorkote-kct je cpisa a moja hčerka v svoji gospodinjski koloni, sem jaz bila v gorki Kaliforniji. Obiskala sem dve vnukinji, ki živita v mestu S ata Rosa ter se oglasila pni prijateljicah Mary Matjazich in Mary Ercek v Los Angelesu. Ga. Matjazich me je peljala v Fontano, kjer sem v tamo-šnjem slovecc kem počitniškem ©oimu želela prebiti nekaj mirnih dni.
Ta Dom je bil cdprt leta 1960. Na 4 in pol akrih zemlje so ga na najlepšem kraju mesta Fontana postavili naši požrtvovalni rojaki. Za zemljo so kar na “zamisel” posodili 15 tisoč do’arjev, cstc.'o so prispevali dobrosrčni rojaki, ki se Doma še vedno spominjajo z večjo ali manjšo vsoto. Danes je zemlja z vsemi poslopji vred popolnoma plačana. Poleg tega zbirajo doneske za zidavo bolniškega doma (Nursing Home), ki bi ga radi dostavili.
Stanovanje v Domu je jako poceni, čista, lepo urejena soba z umiva Im: ko m in straniščem, domača trikrat na dan hrana in perilo vam operejo in zlikajo in vse to za majhno vsoto 250 dolarjev na mesec. “Zakaj ne računate več?” sem vprašala, misleč na tukajšne visoke cene. Rekli so, da je Dom bil inikorporiran kot ndobičkarska organizacija, zato smejo računati le toliko, da stroške pokrijejo. Dom je pod natančno zdravniško oskrbo Fontana okraja.
Tamošni rojaki so silno požrtvovalni. Ob vsaki prireditvi Za Dom se izkažejo z delom in daritvi. Tako Frank in Minka Aleših brezplačno za Dom delujeta vse od početka, torej 16 let. Točasna, tudi brezplačna oskrbnika Doma sta Frank in Mary Kebe. On je nečak Rev. Kebeta pokojnega slovenskega župnika v Pittsburghu in bivšega duhovnega svetovalca naše Zveze. Frank je bil glavni poštar v Moon Run, Pa. Ko se je vpokojil je dospel v Kalifornijo, kjer njemu in ženki zelo ugaja. Tukaj imata krasen dom.
Slovenski počitniški Dom je zgrajen, da lahko sprejme 46 stanovalcev. Točasno se v Domu nahajata dve članici Zvezine podružnice št. 84, New Yoik: Angela Voje in Pau lina šubel.
Prvi odbor Dcma, ki je bil tudi začetnik korporacije ie bil: Frank in Minka Alesh, Peter Benedict, Mary Ercek, Ludvik Sanabor, Mary Matjazich, Martin Judnich, Elizabeth Fortuna, in Mike Ludvik.
Slovenski starostni Dom v Fontani vsakomur priporočam. Nasilov: Slovene Rest Home 8320 Cypress-Fontana, Ca!; 92335.
Naša Zveza ima v Fontani podružnico št. 100, katero sem pokojni Mary Meglich nekoliko pomagala ustanoviti leta 1956, ko sem bila tam na obisku. Podružnica je imela svojo redno mesečino sejo, na katero so me povabile, da sem imela priliko spoznati se s prijaznimi in delovnimi Zbornicami in članicami, kar mi je bilo zelo drago. Predsednica je vodila sejo kot kak Kongresni parlamentarian.
V	spomin na Zvezi no 50 letnico mi je bil poklonjen krasen šopek, sestavljen iz rož, ki ne rastejo na nobenem vrtu. Stotera zahvala! Kar me najbolj veseli je, da so obljubile pridobiti nekaj novih članic, kar se je že zgodilo. Lepa hvr.la tudi za to!
Naj omenim bližno vas Etiwando, kjer stoji lepa mednarodna cerkev z drugimi pcslop;-; zgrajenimi po Rev. Francis Horwathu. Od svojega škofa je Father Horwath, prišedšii v Ameriko leta 1946, prejel ukez naj kipi zemjlšče in najn postavi cerkvico za zelo razkropljena družine živeče med številnimi sadovnjaki dotične okolice, škof je posodil 10 tisoč dolarjev za nakup zemlje. Father Horwath je kupil zemljo in postavil leseno cerkvico z dvema sobama v ozadju, eno za svoje stanovanje, drugo za gospodinjo. Kmalu se je priglasilo 62 družin, ki bi rade spadale v novo faro.
Fara je rastla, točasno šteje 230 družin. Poleg nove, lepo zidane cerkve imajo novo šolo s pomembnim imenom ŠOLA ANTON MARTIN SLOMŠEK, župnišče ter udobno urejeno novo sestrsko hišo. Od prvotnih 22 aktov zemlje so za nadcesto prodali 10 akrov za ceno 80 tisoč dolarjev. Vsa n j ih poslopja so popolnoma plačana. V šoli, ki jo po-seča 265 otrok poučujeta dve sestri iz SheboygEina: Sestra M. Marystella Slapniok in sestra M. Annette Schincet Imele smo prijetno svidenje.
Father Horwath je povedal, kako cerkev turistom ugaja. Stoji ob veliki, važni cesti proti Los Angelesu; promet je nepretrgan. Mnogi turisti se ustavijo v cerkvi. So tudi dobrosrčni. čeki po 100 dolarjev in celo več, se najdejo v nabiralniku. Rev. Horwath je zdaj upokojen, njegovo mesto zavzema Rev. Joseph Snoj, ki je prišel v Ameriko leta 1946. Je priljubljen župnik kot je bil Fattier Horwath pred njim. Parkrat na leto imajo v cerkvi lepe slovenske slavnosti, ki se jih udeležijo Slovenci iz Fontane in iz drugih krajev Južne Kalifornije.
V	Kaliforniji (Pasadena) sem našla novo prijateljico. Je to ga. Mary Levenick, žena vpokojenega armadnega stotnika in hčerka Zvezine majpridnejše dopisovalke v ZARJI. Frances Krainz od podružnice št. 30, Aurora, III. se je vsak mesec skozi več let točno oglasila dokler ji ni smrt vzela pero iz rok. Blag ji spomin!-Ga. Levenick je takoj postala Zvezina članica ter vpisala 3 nove od svoje družine.
Ker je časa zmanjkalo za oseben obisk, se je prijateljica Rose Scoff, državna predsednica za Daljni Zapad, potrudila in prišla na San Francisco letališče, da sva izmenjali pozdrave in nekaj besedi. Prav lepa hvala, Rose!
Vsem, ki so mi bili na uslugo za časa mojega obiska, iskrena zahvala!
Utrinki
—Dobro razpoloženje je kakor lepo vreme, ki pod njim vse detoro uspeva.
—Ni ga dela, ki mu ne bi mogli podati svoje ljubezni, če ga prav razumemo.
—Ljubezen je izmed vseh človeških občutkov najmo-čenjša. Udari v istem trenutku v glavo, srce in telo.
—Marsikdo, ki bije s klad vem ob steno misli, da vsakikrat zadene žebelj na glavo.
—Zdravje je bogastvo tako za bolnika kot za zdravnika.
—V mladosti se učimo, v starosti razumemo.
—Da se resnica pokoplje je treba mnogo lopat.
Nečakinja telefonira tetii: “Teta Mary, prosim pojdi v mojo sobo, odpri omaro in iz spodnjega predala vzemi nogavice in milo ter mi pošlji . . .
“Da ne razumeš, praviš? — No, pojdi v moj rum, odpri ladelc v dreserju, vzemi ven štumfe in žajfo ter mi pošlji.”
p. Klavdij Okorn, ofm:
ZVESTA SLUŽBA BOŽJA
Neki delavec je bil ustužben pri neki firmi več kot dvajset let. To je bil edini kraj kjer je bi'l do takrat zap-osten. Začel je svojo službo pri tej firm še ko je hodil v gimnazijo. Delal je tam tudi začasa svojega študija na univerzi. Za časa vojske je bil vpoklican. Ko je prišel iz vojske domov je debil staro službo nazaj pri isti firmi. Za njega je bilo to ze'o prijetno. Taim je vsakega poznal in vsi so poznali njega in so imeli ga radi.
Ko je začel službo, je opravljal najnižja dela in imel trto priložnost spoznavcti ustroj firme in si pridobival več znanja in skušnje. Postal je ravnatelj velikega oddleka pri firmi. Za časa svojega upravjrnja je prišel do svojih pogledov kako upravljati	firmo.	Začel je te	svoje poglede
uvajati v svoj oddelek.	Ti njegovi pogledi	niso vedno	bili
v skladu z nalogami in načrti finme. Nekega dne so ga klicali v pisarno in mu svetovali naj se uskladi z miselnostjo in načrti firme v svojem oddelku. Firma je bila prepričana, da so njene namere in	ncorti	pravilni in	je potrebno,	da
jih izpolnijo vsi oddelki	firme.
Mož je bil jezen in užaljen. Miislil je, da so njegovi načrti za firmo boljši. Odšel je v svojo pisarno, spokal svoje stvari in odpovedal sivo; e delo za firmo. V trenutkih jeze je pretrgal svoje vezi s firmo, ki jo je cenil, če bi ostal, bi imel lepo pokojnino, dovolj denarja in bi v miru uživail svoj pokoj, ko bi čas zato prišel. Vsa leta je vedel, kaj firma od njega pričakuje, toda cn je začel ubirati svoja pota. Namesto, da bi prizna'! svojo napako, je rajši odpovedal delo.
Ta zgodba me je spomnila neke žene s katero sem pred leti razpravljal o veri. Bila je dobro odgojena, hodi'ia je v katoliške šole in živela redno versko življenje. Toda po nekaj letiih je prišla v navzkrižje z nekaterimi zakoni svete	vere. Začela je napadati vero,	da	je	starokopitna in
da ne	gre s časom naprej. Odločila	se	je,	da hodi svoja
pota.	Posebno se je razjezila, ko	ji	je	neki duhovnik
'rekei,	naj zapusti svoja grešna pota, ker,	hoditi k zakramentom brez	namena poboljšati	se	nima nobenega po-
mena. Namesto, da bi spremenila svoje življenje, se je izbrisala iz cerkve.
Žena se je pcctavila na stališče, da bolje ve kaj je prav in kaj ni	prav, kakor pa duhovnik, ki ji je	svetoval
dobro. Zavrgla	je milost božjo in	si	mislila, da	bolje ve
kakor cerkev.	Prav kakor mož,	ki	je zapustili	službo.
Pretrgal je vezi, ki bi mu pomagale preskrbo za telesno življenje. Ona pa je pretrgala vezi, ki so ji pomagale vzdrževati duhovno življenje.
Mož, ki se je odpovedal svojemu delu lahko vedno dobi novo de'lo, toda žena ne bo mogla najti drugo cerkev, ki jo je ustanovii Jezus. Vse, kar nam ostane je, da molimo za take ljudi, da prej ali slej spoznajo svojo zmoto in da sa nekega dne zopet vrnejo nazaj v očetovo hišo in v naročje svete Cerkve, ki je naša mati in varuhinja.
ČESTITKE OB 40 LETNICI, FR KLAVDIJ!
Naš duhovni svetovalec, g. p. Klavdij Okorn, OFM slavi visoko 40 letnico mašniškega, posvečenja.
Vse članice Zveze pošiljamo našemu priljubljenemu slavljencu iskrene čestitke k temu lepemu jubileju z najlepšimi željami za zdravje, srečo in še mnogo uspehov v njegovem delu v vinogradu Gospodovem. Naj ga Bog blagoslavlja še mnega leta!
ZVEZIN DAN V LEMONTU DNE 18. JULIJA
ŠT. CHICAGO, ILL.
Pri naši ipodružnici smo imeli žalostni dan za našo zaslužno članico Justino Kosmač Oieblinski. Bog jo je poklicali .iz the soizine doline dne 7. maja in pogreb je bil 11. maja. Izkazalo se je kako je bila priljubljena pri ljudeh na njeni zadnji poti, kakor tudi v cerkvi.
Dne 13. maja smo imeli sv. mašo in litanije zvečer za pokojno Justino in potem v cerkveni dvorani kavo in pecivo, toda ni bilo pravega razpoloženja, pogrešale smo našo drago Justino.
Corinne je pripravila zanimivi program v spomin Justi, kakor tudi vsem pokojnim materam. Justina je pela Ave Maria na plošči posneti pred nekaj leti. Bilo je ires ganljivo in v srce segajoče.
Naše globoko sožalje Tini Terselich nad izguibo njene drage mame.. Bog jim bodi milostljiv.
Imamo tudi več bolnih članic: Klara Kosmaoh v Floridi, Frances Žumer v Floridi, Mary Hozjan, Ursula Skofl-janac in Angie Oblak. Spomnite se jih s kakšno kartico. Vsem želimo ljubega zdravja.
Naša dobra članica Mrs. Lillian DuMer se je vrnila iz bolnice ter ji vsi želimo ljubega zdravja.
Prav lepa hvaila vsem za okusno pecivo dne 13. maja in za pomoč v
kuhii n j i in dvorani. Imena se bodo prebrala na seji, torej ne pozabite 10. junija, ki bo važna seija s poročili od 'konvencije in pripravah za Zvezin dan in romanje v Lemont na ameriške Brezje, ki bo v nedeljo dne 18. julija.
Katere imate rojstne dneve v juliju in avgustu, pridite gotovo na junijsko sejo, ker naslednja dva meseca ne bo seje.
Ta mesec praznujejo svoj dan očetje. Naše čestitke in posebno vsem želimo mnogo ljubega zdravja.
Vsem članicam lepe pozdrave in na svidenje na seji.
F. ZIBERT
ŠT. 3, PUEBLO, COLO
Čas počitnic je tukaj in večina si želimo oditi na razne izlete po naši krasni deželi Ameriki, ali pa v rojstno domovino. Kamorkoli vas bo pot zanesla, upam, da se boste lepo razvedrili in se srečno vrnili med svoje drage.
Dne 21. junija praznuje naša spoštovana častna preds. in ustanoviteljica Zveze, Marie Prisland svoj rojstni dan. Njena ko'ona, "Oh ta svet” je vedno polna podatkov našega življenja in Zveze. Hvala vam gospa Prisland za Vaš prispevek poučnih in veselih vrstic v našem glasilu Zarji. Vse Vam kličemo. Happy birthday, Mrs. Prisland!
Kakor črtamo, naša SŽZ velikodušno daje šolnino potrebnim študentom naše organizacije. Vadim vas, da ne pozabite darovati v naš Šol n inski sklad, saj je naša Zveza vedno vzgled sesterske ljubezni, ki je neobhodno potrebna za uspešni napredek. Te lepe čednosti moramo gojiti tudi v bodoče, šolnina je povišana na $300. V letu 1975 je prejel ta doprinos Donald Grahek, sin Mrs. Frank Grahek. Donald študira na univerzi Colorado. Doslej so že 4 študentje prejeli šolnino od naše podr. Njihove matere so naše članice. Res je, da ima današnja mladina vsega v izobilju, ne vedo za težave za košček kruha in skrbi, vendar jim radi pomagamo do uspeha v življenju.
Naša domovina Amerika proslavlja 200 letnico rojstva. Tudi Slovenci smo doprinesli ogromni deflež k napredku te velike dežele, na kar smo lahko ponosni.
Upam, da konvenčna kampanja sijajno uspeva in zapomnimo si, da ne samo v času kampanje, ampak vedno doborodošle nove članice v naši organizaciji,	posebno	še sedaj	za	50
letnico ustanovitve. Kako krasno ime S.Ž.Z. Ponosno sem vpisala 8 novo-pristoplih, ki so bile veselo sprejete v našo podr. V B.C. je pristopila moja sorodnica	Mary Russ, v Jr.	C.	so
Kathy Lennon, Shawna Lennon, Diana Lennon, 3	sestrice	in vnukinje	grandma. Anna	Gradišer,	Guštin K ra	H,	Wil-
liam K ra II, Mary Krall, Angela Krall.
vsi so nečaki naše aktivne članice, Angele Meglen.
Najlepša hvala za povišano članstvo naše podr.
Hvaležna sem, da so se me spomnile s pozdravi moje drage gl. odbornice iz glavne letne seje.
Naj tudi omenim prispevke za naš Šo'minski sklad. V blag spomin smrti $10 Ana Paohek od družine, Gertrude Jordan $10 poklanja ob smrti ljubega moža Franka. Podr. št. 3 v počastitev 50 letnice naše Zveze, $10. John in Anna Pachak tudi v počastitev spomina 50 letnice obstoja naše SŽZ $20. Bog živi našo Zvezo še mnogo let in da bo cvetela za našo mladino, ker s tem se vsi postavimo kot zavedni Slovenci.
V	aprilu je podlegla smrti poznana Elizabeth Terlep. Njefla krsta je bila odeta s cvetlicami in šopkom sv. maš. Zapušča mnogo sorodnikov in tudi v Jolietu je bila poznana. Naj b'aga pokojnica počiva v miru. Otrokom in sorodnikom naše iskreno sožalje!
Odzvala sem se tudi povabilu no-voporočencev in udeležila se poročnih sv. maš ter slavnostnih večerov v raznih dvoranah, na čast novim parom: Rudy Krašovec, in Patricia Zupančič, ter Kiinby Klements in Mary Anne Pe-chek. Vse je bilo prvorazredno in posebno godba je igrala naše slovenske poskočne. Zaročila sta se Thom Hopson in Marie Skul. Vsem želimo naj jim Bog podeli obilo blagoslova in sreče na skuipni poti v zakonu.
Naša seja v maju, je bila razkošna party v počast zaslužne matere podr., Frances Skul in vseh mater podr. Sprejmite moj poletni pozdrav vse čla., ki smo ponos slovenskemu narodu v Ameriki.
ANNA PACHAK
ŠT. 7, FOREST CITY, PA.
Naša člaica, Mary O’Block je pre minula dne 29. febr., letos. Desegla je lepo starost 85 let in je bila med ustanoviteljicami naše podr. Bolana je bila zadnjih 14 let in pred 9 leti so ji odrezali nogo. Bila je res dobra članica. Rojena je bila v Logatcu v Sloveniji. Za njo žalujejo 2 brata in sestra, ki živijo v Logatcu. Živela je s 4 hčerkami in sinom v Vandiingu. Otroci so zelo lepo skrbeli za drago mamo. Naša podr. je poklala sožalje. Naj ji dobri Bog nakloni nebeški mir.
Žal moram sporočiti, da je to naša četrta članica, ki je umrla v tem letu. Druge so: Mrs: Pauline, Mrs. Verhash-ek, Mrs. Dutchman in Mrs O'Block. Naj počivajo v miru!
Mary Marolt se je pravkar vrnila iz bolnišnice po dve-tedenskem bivanju v bolnici zaradi visokega krvnega pritiska in sladkorne. Imela je 14 ope-
racij, med njimi tudi težje. Tudi ona je so-ustanoviteljica in živi pri hčerki Sylvia, ki zelo lepo skrbi za njo.. Naj Bog blagoslovi vse bolnice in jim nakloni ljubo zdravje. Najlepši pozdrav vsem članicam Zveze!
JOSEPHINE GOSTISHA, taj.
------------
ŠT. 14, EUCLID, OHIO
Naša majniška seja je bila dobro obiskena, saj smo imele kar trojno godovanje. Najprej smo počastile našo zaslužno mater, Pav’o Krai. Podpredsednica, Mary Stražišar ji je pripeia šopek rož z željami za zdravje in srečo ter našimi iskrenimi čestitkami.
V tem času je bolena Anna Novinc. Vrnila se je iz bolnišnice iin se sedaj zdravi na domu. Resno je tudi zbolela Mary Pančur, ki je v Euolid splošni bolnici. Imela je težko operacijo. Vesela bo, če jo katera obišče in želimo ji, da bi se hitro pozdravila.
V zadnjem mesecu je umrla Mimi Rizonja. Naj v miru božjem počiva. Domačim naše sožalje!
Wally in Stana Gril sta postala stari oče in stara mati. Mary Stražišar pa prastara mati. Naše čestitke na obe strani!
Pevski zbor Dawn choral group bo imel card party dne 14. junija. Vse vabljene!
Obiskala nas je naša članica Mrs. Mandič, ki je prišla iz Floride in se je udeležila naše majske seje. Hvala ji za njen obisk. Imeli smo tri-mesečno godovanje in naslednje sestre so prinesle mnogo dobrot:	žužek,
Humphrey, Sustar, Stražišar, Koren-čič, K ral, Mramor, Erz«n, Rodgers, Krnel, Povirk, Ucman, Zimperman, Ko-že'l, Manic, Simončič, žužek, Vidovec, Fakuilt, Zabukovec, Zigman, Mali Le-gad, J. Zigman. Seja je bila zaključena ob 8:30 z molitvijo za umrlo čla. Vido Kuhar.
Ob koncu lepe pozdrave vsem in najlepša hvala za vsa darila in door pnajze.
A. SUSTAR
 -»• •—4*t>—• ■*»■■■---------------------
ŠT. 20, JOLIET, ILL.
iNaša zadnja seja v aprilu je bila kratka, da je bilo omogočeno našim članicam se udeležiti card party v korist cerkve pod vodstvom naših Senior faranov. Kakor poročano, je bila dvorana natlačeno polna in mnogi so dobili dobitke.
V pretek'em mesecu je umrl Luke Benedik, star 62 iet in živel je v Chananaha. Bil je sin pok. dobre članice Jennie Benedik in Luke B. Zapušča pet sestra, ki so naše članice: Mrs. Ugo Vatli, Mrs. Genevieve Golo-bitcti, Mrs. Louise (Harry) Peppard,
Alice, (Mrs. John) Jakovick in M'iss Lorraine Benedick; dalje enega brata William v Albuquerque, New Mexico, teto Frances Benedick ter več drugega sorodstva ter Alice Koren. Uslužben je bil pri kompaniji za air conditioner in refrigeration. Med vojno je služil pod generalom Fatten v Afriki in Evropi. šel je v pokoj pred 37 leti ter bil član Plumbers in Pipefitters Union. Spominjam se ga, ko je večkrat prišel k nam, da popravi naš Frigidaire in smo se vedno pogovarjali o njegovi službi pod gen. Patton; kako je bil general strog in ko jih je pustil na polju, jim je dal komando “Go and take that hill”! Ped teko strogim generalom, ni čudo, da so Amerikanci zmagali. Pok. je bil pokopan iz cerkve Sv. Jožefa. Naj v miru počiva. Ostalim naše sožalje!
Umrl je tudi Peter Picco iz Cora St. Podlegel je dolgi bolezni., Uslužben je bil pri Uniroyal do svoje upokojitve 1. 1970. Zapušča soprogo Anne Mihelič (našo čla.), enega sina, hčerko, štiri brate in tri sestre. Bil je član Ameriške Legije, post 1080 in Raven Kluba. Pokopan je bil iz cerkve Matere Božje (Nativity). Naj mu sveti večna luč. Sorodnikom pa naše sožalje.
Naše čestitke čla. Eva in soprogu Tony Fabian ob njihovi srebrni poroki. Dom imajo na N. Broadway.
Tajnica Olga Anceil poroča o številu novih članic, katere smo dobile v tej kampanji ter povdarja, da bi bilo lepo, da izpolnimo 500 do konvencije.
V	maju smo počastile našo popularno mater, Anne Papesh, ki res zasluži to čast.
Ob tem času so bolane Mary Galie, Mary Valentich in Mary Soinkovec.
Iskrene čestitke k zlati poroki pošiljamo Justini in Antonu Kauzlaric iz Raub St. Poročil ju je sedaj že pok. župnik John Plevnik.
Na zadnji seji smo zaprisegle vse nove članice, in praznovale Materinski dan. Serviran je bil okusni prigrizek.
Vsem naše iskrene želje za zdravje in želje, da se kmalu vidimo, lepo pozdravlja.
JOSEPHINE ERJAVEC
ŠT. 32, EUCLID, OHIO
Na aprilski seji, smo imele lepo ude’ežbo. Hvaia, da ste prišle. Na seji smo sklenile, da v maju mesto seje praznujemo Materinski dan v počastitev materam in posebno “častni materi” podružnice, Mary Golobec, ki je naša dobra in delavna članica. Ko boste brale te vrstice bo naša proslava in običajna večerja na Providence Hgts. že za nami.
Dne 14. aprila sta proslavila 25 letnico poroke Ann Cooke in njen soprog Edward. Naše čestitke in najboljše želje za ljubo zdravje.
NOVA ČLANSKA KAMPANJA SE PRIČNE V
*
S i
I
'i
17 konvencija je sklenila, da se prične nova članska kampanja s M prvim junijem! Novo sprejeta pravila določajo, da morejo moški postati $ pomožni člani z istimi zavarovalninskimi ugodnostmi, kakor odrasle * ženske članice.	§
To je namenjeno kot vabilo vsem našim možem in drugim dru- . A žinskim članom, da vstopijo v naše vrste.	$
$	Podrobnosti bodo objavljene v Zarji. Potrudimo se, da podvojimo |jj
^ članstvo Slovenske ženske zveze.	V
Y	Maša prisrčna zahvala pridnim odbornicam in članicam, ki so pri- $
£ dobile precej nad 500 novih članic v konvenčni kampanji.
Imamo tudi nekaj bolanih članic:	$
Justina	Kanalec,	Tina Modic, Alice	§
Graben,	Dorothy	Ulepic in Frank
Radwanick. Vsem želimo ljubo zdravje. w Naše iskreno sožalje članicam, Agnes Cooke in Theresa Popovič, ki sta izgubile	dobrega	očeta, poznanega,
Anten Potokar. Nj.ma smo poslale kartice sožalje. Pokojni naj v miru počiva.
Naše sožalje čla. Frances Klun ob priliki žalostnega dogodka, ko se je njen vnuk, samo 19 leteli smrtno ponesrečil dne 19. aprila. Nesreča se je zgodila z motornim ko'eson (motorcycle). Kakšen udarec za žalujočo družino in vse ostale, človek ne ve, ne ure, ne dneva kje te čaka smrt. Bog se ga usmili. Naj mladi fant v miru počiva!
Prosim, če veste za kake novice, mi sporočite.
Po seji v aipnllu smo se zabavate s čajem in pecivom, kar so prinesle članice in smo zapele “happy birthday” za vse slavljenke rojstnih dne-vov.
V	juniju ne pozabite plačati ases-menta, ker v juliju in avgustu imamo počitnice in v teh dveh mesecih ne bo sej. Če še niste plačale, bo tajnica hvaležna, da ne čakata konec leta.
Čim prej, boljše je!
Kakor je ta teden mrzlo, zgleda, da ne bo lemaiu počitnic. Naj vas vse Bog varuje, kamorkoli se boste podale na potovenje. Beg živi vas in vse vaše družine!
ANNA TEKAVEC,
zapis.
 -----------------------------------------
ŠT. 41, CLEVELAND, OHIO
Prosim vse članice, da ne pozabite naročiti svoje rezervacije za kosilo dne 13. junija.
Zahvala velja članicam, ki imajo že plačan svoj asesment. če še nimate plačano, prosim, da pošljete svoje plačilne knjižice vaši tajnici, Jane Kaplan, 19309 Preston Rd., Cleveland, O.
Naše nove članice so prav talentirane. Mary Ann James dela domače sladkorčke in razne pisane umetniške izdelke s cvetlicami.
Madeline Debevec, je poročevalka za Ameriško Domovino pri kateri je njen mož so-wedmik. Njen brat je tudi urednik nekega drugega lokalnega časopisa
Podpisana Jane Kaplan pošilja osebne pozdrava podr.. št. 73 za 40 letnico.
Če ste v bližini Miami ali Fort Lauderdale, prosim, da pokličete ameriške Slovenke, ki so pripravljene vam pomagati: Mamie Willis (tel. 758-9032) ali Ema Kotula (564-1318). Tamkajšnji Slovenci se držijo tradieijonalne slovenske gostoljubnosti in se bodo vedno potrudili, da napravijo vaš floridski obisk kar najlepši. Tam smo se udeležili opere in Jim ter Madeline
Debevec sta imela priliko biti slikana s poznanim pevcem Bobby Vinton. Slika je bila objavljena v Ameriški Domovini. Mr. in Mrs. Oswald sta se pravkar vrnila iz Rochester, N. Y., kjer sta obiskala hčerko in vnuke.
Vaša tajnica bo slavila rojstni dan 8 jun. in 25 letnico zakona dne 4. avg. Sv. maša bo darovana 1. avg. v cerkvi Sv. Vencislava ob 1:15 pop., nakar bo manjše družinsko slavje v Slovenskem domu na Stanley Ave.
Naša preds. Madeline Debevec slavi 13 obletnico zakona dne 8. jun. in rojstni dan ima 3. junija. Mnogo razlogov za proslavljanje. Vsem članicam, ki slavijo rojstne dneve v juniju, najlepše čestitke!
V blagajno so darovale:	Louise
Pahiz, Mary Dacar, Julia Kompes in Sophia Magayna. Najlepjša hvala vsem.
JANE KAPLAN,
tajn.
----------- m I	—»- <?::»------------
ŠT. 84, NEW YORK, N.Y.
DESERT HOT SPRINGS, CAL. Moje počitnice tukaj so zelo prijetne. Najprej sem bila v Fontani za 2 meseca v slovenskem Rest Home. Bilo je lepo slišati samo slovensko govorico med rojaki, ki so zelo prijazni in so veseli bivati v tako lepem in prijaznem domu za upokojence. Dobra slovenska hrana, slovenske kuharice, odlična postrežba in vse izredno snažno. Skoro vsi gostje imajo svoje sebe s kopeljo. Ob pon-deljkih pridejo druge fontanske Slovenke igrati bingo. Za kratek čas tudi zapojejo. Večkrat servirajo vino, štrudel in še kaj zraven. Ob sredah popoldne pride Mrs. Sušel zabavati goste z dobrim petjem. Kljub svojim 79 letom, ona dobro poje, vozi auto, kuha in je zelo aktivna v vsakem oziru.
V Fontani imajo 2 slovenske dvorane, ena katoliška KSKJ, druga pa SNPJ. V obeh pa je vedno dovolj za-
bave. Tudi društvo upokojencev ima vedno vesele prireditve po sejah. V Domu sem se imela prav dobro in ga vsakemu priporočam.
Moja svakinja Mary Vidergar je kuharica za zajutrek in me je večkrat vzela na njen dom in me vozila okoli na ogled. Njen mož Frank je obhajal 85 letnico, hčerka pa 50 letnico. Pripravili so jima lepo party. Prišle so 3 hčerke: Marion Sadar z družino, Frances Watson, Millie Lekše ter sinova Bill in Frank. Vsi z družinami. Sin Frank je igral na harmoniko, kakor tudi njegov 11 letni sinček Frank Jr. Bila sem zelo vesela med domačimi ljudmi, ki so vedno prijazni in postre-žljivi.
1. aprila sem se poslovila od Doma in svakinja me je peljala v 60 milj oddaljeni Desert Hot Springs, kjer se zdravim že en mesec v mineralnem zdravilišču. Tukaj so večinoma upokojenci in ljudje, ki jih muči artritis. Nekateri so zelo pohabljeni in iščejo, da bi si olajšali bolečine. Hvala Bogu, da si morem sama pomagati. Tu so ljudje iz vseh krajev Amerike in Ca-nade. Za praznike pa sem zopet obiskale naše ljudi v Fontani. Mary zna pripraviti izvrstne domače slovenske klobase s katerimi je postregla v Domu. Ona slavi daleč naokoli po svojih okusnih klobasah.
Tako so v Domu vsi imeli pristni slovenski zajutrek s potico in klobasami na velikonočno nedeljo, kakor v starem kraju.
Kmalu bodo moje kalifornijske počitnice za menoj in bom odpotovala k sinu Stanley-u m Joan v Port St. Lucie,, Florida, nakar pa zopet domov v Ridgewood, N.Y
Vsem članicam naše dične organizacije, želim mnogo uspehov na konvenciji v Pittsburghu. Lepo pozdravlja, Vaša.
ANGELA VOJ E,
predsednica
AMERIŠKI ZAKON - S SLOVENSKIM TRAKOM
Predsednik Ford jo 21. aprila t.i|. podpisal zvezni za-ken, US1A Authorization Act for 1976, ki pooblašča proračunsko nakazilo za ameriško Informacijsko agencijo za poslovno leto 1976. To je v glavnem vsakdanji zakon, ki se nanaša le na manjši del zveznega -proračuna., Toda Sekcija 2 (c) tega zakcna se glasi:
“Od fondov dodeljenih V podčlenu (A) podsekcije (a) (1), mora biti $90,000, in vsak dodatno potreba n znssek, uporabljenih za obnovo dnevne polurne radijske oddaje za Slovenijo.”
S tem zagonskim določilom so slovenske oddaje Glasa Amerike ki so bile upravno ukinjene 1. februarja 1975, nato pa ponovno vpostavljeme 29. februarja .letos, ko je bil objavljen predlog novega zakona — dobile zakonsko osnovo in zaščito.
Za Slovence jo ta zakon ponovno potrdil ameriško načelo državljanske enakopravnosti in pravičnosti za vse. Tako jim je prinesel posebno priliko, da se — v tem jubilejnem letu — vesele ob veličini Amerike in znova posvetijo preizkušeni slovenski dediščini.
Poleg tega je to prvi ameriški zakon, ki je kdajkdlii vseboval izrecno in posebno na Slovence nanašajoče se določilo. Zato je prav, da Slovenci spoznajo točno zgodovino tega, zanje tako pomembnega zakona.
AKCIJA V SENATU ZDRUŽENIH DRŽAV
Prvega februarja 1975 je Informacijska agencija Združenih držav, katere del je Glas Amerike, ukinila slovenski program, ter s teim povedala, da so ostala prezuspešna vsa prizadevanja za administrativni preklic prvotne odločitve. Senator Frank J'. Lausohe se je tedaj odločil, da v Kongresu za počne akcijo za popravo te napake. Prilika za to je bila v okviru zakonodajnega postopka, s katorim Kongres odloča o proračunskih nakazilih za izdatke zvezne uprave. V ta namen je bila priprav jena obsežna študija, ki je podrobno zavračala argumente USIA proti slovenskim oddajam. Ta študija je bila predložena obema kongresnima odboroma, ki sta pripravljala zaslišanja in razpravo o proračunu USIA.
Tako je 5. maja 1975, senator Lausche nastopil kot prva priča na proračunskem razpravljanju senatnega odbora za Zunanje odnose. Njegovo pričevanje je bilo, skupno z vnaprej predloženo študijo, objavljeno in natisnjeno v zapisniku teh razprav. V poročilu, s katerim je ta odbor 29. julija 1975 celokupnemu senatu predložil svoj "Foreign Affairs Authorization Bill for 1976”, je bilo rečeno:
‘‘Med razpravo, ki se je nenašala na USIA, je odbor Slišal prepričljivo pričevanje o važnosti slovenskih oddaj, ki so bile nodavno ukinjene. . . Namen tega odbora je, na; bodo te oddaje obnovljene”.
To je bila prva moralna zmaga, ki je bila kasneje odločilnega pomena, da se je senat odločil pridružiti se poslanski zbornici in z zakonom ukazati obnovitev slovenskih oddaj.
AKCIJA V POSLANSKI ZBORNICI
Po dolgili pripravah in številnih predhodnih obvestilih, je 30. septembra 1975 pričel razpravljati o USIA proračunu tudi pododbor poslanske zbornice za Mednarodne operacije.
Na drugem zasedanju Pododbora, dne 7. oktobra, je senator Lausohe spet pričal v vprašanju ukinjeniih slovenskih oddaj Glasa Amerike. Njegov poziv, naj bodo te oddaje zakonodajno obnovljene, je podprl Hon. Joe Skubitz, zvezni poslanec slovenskega rodu iz države Kansas, ki je svojo uvodno izjavo utemeljil z osebnimi izkušnjami, ki jih je dobil med uradnim obiskom v Sloveniji spomladi 1975.
Gb zaključku svojega pričevanja pa je senator Lausche predložil amandma k zakonskemu predlogu poslanske zbornice za proračunska nakazil’a USIA. Pododbor je sprejel ta Lauschetov amandma, ki je na ta način sedaj postal zgoraj citirana Sekcija 2 (c) USIA Authorization Law.
Tiskani zapisnik teh razprav v poslanski zbornici, vsebuje popolno besedilo uvodne izjave kongresnika Sku-biitza, pričevanja senatorja Lauscheta z njegovim amandmajem, in vnaprej predložene dokumentarna analize. Poročilo pododbora, s sprejetim besedilom zaikona o avtorizaciji, je nato odobril odbor poslanske zbornice za Mednarodne odnose. Dne 24. menca 1976 pa je ta zakonski predlog (H. R. 11598) z glasovanjem sprejel plenum zvezne poslanske zbornice. Ko je poslanec Wayne Hays iz Ohia, predsednik pododbora za Mednarodne operacije, predložil ta zakon v poslanski zbornici, je pripomnil: ‘‘Edina pomeb-na stvar, ki smo jo naredili, poleg tega, da smo jih (USIA) nekoliko pristrigli, je da smo jim ukazali, naj obnovijo 'oddaje v slovenščini, ki so jih iz nekoga čudnega razloga ukinili.” (Congressional Record, March 24, 1976, H 2325).
PRISTANEK SENATA IN PREDSEDNIKA
25. marca, je poslanska zbornica ta zakon (H.R. 11598) pos'ala senatu. Senator Lausche pa se je ponovno sestal s senatorjem Johnom Sparkmanom, predsednikom senatnega odbora za Zunanje odnose, in drugimi člani tega odbora. Senatni odbor se je tedaj odtočil, da bo sprejel isto besedilo zakona kot poslanska zbornica. Dne 7. aprila 1976 je senator Sparkman celotnemu senatu predložil od-borovo poročilo, s katerim priporoča sprejem USIA Authorization Act (H.R. 11598), vključno Sekcijo 2 (c) (“$90,000 za slovenske oddaje"). V tem poročilu piše, "da je odbor za Zunanje odnese že v svojem (prvem) poročilu, 20. julija 1975, zagovarjal obnovo teh oddaj, ki so bile februarja letos obnovljene.” Dne 9. spiia je tudi plenum senata sprejel skupno besedilo zakona (House and Senate) USIA Authorization Act for 1976.
Senat je 12. aprila ta za>kon poslal v Belo hišo, kjer ga je 21. aprila podpisal predsednik Ford.
NI BILA SAMO SREČA
Iz podrobne kronike zakcna H.R. 11598 in njegove slovenske Sekcije 2 (c) povzete po zapisnikih kongresnih razprav in poroči) in iz Kongresnega dnevnika (Congressional Record), je razvidno, da gre na kengresni strani posebna zahvala. Hon. Wayne Haysu, predseniku pododbora poslanske zbornice za Mednarodne operacije. Prepričan po dokazih, ki so bili predloženi in podkrep jeni na razpravah, je kongresnik Hays sprejel odločilni amandma senatorja Lausoheta ter ga pripeljal do odobritve v svojem lastnem pododboru, nato pa še v od'boru poslanske zbornice za Mednarodne odnose in slednjič v plenumu poslanske zbornice. Na tej kritični točki je potem tudi senat sprejel od poslanske zbornice odobreno verzijo H.R. 11598, ker je njegov lastni odbor za Zunanje odnose v poročilu z dne 20. ju hi ja 1975 že bi sprejel poziv senatorja Lauscheta, naj bodo slovenske oddaje Glasa Amerike obnovljene. Tako je na koncu odpadla potreba po konferenci predstavnikov senata in poslanske zbornice o dokončnom besedilu tega zakona. To pa je zakon H.R. 11598 rešilo negotovosti in nadaljnjega zavlačevanja, ki bi ju povzročil zapleteni postopek medzbornične konference.
Ta izvirna zgodovina zakona z dne 21. aprila 1971 — k: bi ga lahko imenovali “Lex Slovenica” — je močan primer, kaj je mogoče doseči, če se prepričljivi zagovorniki, ki uživajo spoštovanje kongresnih voditeljev, odločno in vztrajno zavzamejo za pravično stvar.
CIRIL ŽEBOT, Georgetown University
MEET THE S.W.U. JUNIOR LEAGUE MEMBERS
Being a Debutante for the Slovenian Women's Union doesn’t end on the night of the Ball! The Debs automatically bcccme members of the S.W.U. JUNIOR LEAGUE, now organized in the Cleveland area of the young ladies wl'» were presented at the three previous Debutante Cotillions. Let’s meet some of them and learn of their current activities.
LYNN ARKO	No. 25
Lynn is a graduate of Washington Jefferson college and wit! now attend Western New England School of Law. She will vaccticn this summer in Boston, Mass.
MARY BETH BENCAR	No. 50
She wi I graduate from Lakeland Community College in 1977 as a Registered Nurse and is now busily studying. She became engaged at Christmastime to her Cotillion escort, Dave Weybnect.
MARY LOU CULKAR	No.	47
Works at the Cuyahoga Community College and takes night time courses at the same College. She is looking forward to a good vacation this summer. Many Culkar, her grandmother, is active in S.W.U., too.
JANICE CULKAR	No.	47
Attends Bowling Green State University in Elementary Education — to be a teacher is her goal. She graduated from Brecksville High in 1975, receiving high honors in foreign languages. Mother is He!en Culkar, who serves as Invitation Chairman for our Fourth Cotillion Ball this month.
DEBRA FLACK	No.	47
At the present time, Debra is a receptionist. She was many talents in the arts. She plans to attend Cuyahoga Community College for night classes.
CAROL COOKE	No.	32
Graduate of Villa Angela Academy, she is a junior accountant at Reliance Electric Co. At present, she belongs to a basetoaill team and was a longtime instructor in Baton Twirling. She won many trophies for her skill in baton twirling, too. Her mother, Anne Cooke and Grandmother, Anna God-lar are very active members.
MARY MAJERCIK	No.	73
Graduation took place this month from Lumen Cordium High School in Bedford, Ohio and after a short vacation in Florida, she is all set up as a cashier for a large company.
MARY ANN GOLBOKAR	No.	14
Graduated May 30th from Villa Angela Academy and will go on to complete her schooling at Cleveland State University. Her major subject will be
Specialized Education. Mother, Mitzi Globokar, is another very active worker for the S.W.U. Her late grandmother, Frances Globokar was a National Vice-President at one time. Grandmother and grandfather Tomazic were favorite people in stage performances for Br. 25 years ago.
RUTH PRHNE HUG	No. 50
•In 1973, Ruth granduated from Lakeland Community College, her major being accounting which she is employed in now. She married in the year of 1975 and said those famous word, “I Do” to her Cotillion escort, Edward Hug III. Her aunt, Marie Ažman, also of Br. 50, is a very loyal member.
CYNTHIA JAGODNIK	No. 50
Mount Union in Alliance, Ohio is Cynthia’s college. She has two majors, Theatre Arts and Communications in Radio and TV. With a group from her college, she has traveled to Austria, England, Germany, Greece and Switzerland to study the arts of other countries. Her mother, Irene, is the very eficient secretary of Br. 50.
KATHERINE PRIMUTH	No. 50
Kathy graduated from John Carroli University in 1975 and now attends Law Classes at Toledo State University. She was a great worker on the idea of ‘having a Debutante Float in the 1972 Parade celebrating the opening of the Slovence Home for the Aged.
MICHELLE SPECH	No. 25
Attended John Carroll University in 1975 with high honors in the medical field. She now is employed at the Cleveland Clinic in the Research Division on Hypertension. Her mother, Frances, was the chariman of Invitations for the Deb Ball of 1974.
KATHY S. WALLACE	No. 47
Graduated from Cleveland Central High School, and now is employed by the government as a voucher examiner. Kathy changed her name from Spellacy to Wallace in 1974. She is a very good worker for our organization.
SUSAN URANKAR	No. 32
Graduated May 30th from Villa Angela Academy and plans to attend St. Mary’s College in Indiana. Susan has
been a Baton Twirler instructor for our junior group for a number of years. She likes to work with children and plans to become an elementary school teacher.
SUSAN PODBOY	No.	32
Attends Cleveland State University after two years at Lakeland Community College. She plans on being an Elementary School Teacher and is very active in sports and loves camping. In her spare time, Susan also works at a supermarket.
CHARLENE PODBOY	No.	32
Sister of Susan, Charlene were both Debs in 1974. Accounting is her major at Lakeland Community College. Charlene too, is very active in sports.
DONNA PESTOTNIK	No.	50
Is a registered nurse since June 29, 1975, graduated from St. Alexis school of Nusing and is now working at Mt. Sinai Hospital. Likes outdoor activities and would love to take a trip to Eurcpe, especially to Slovenia. Her Dad, Albert Pestotnik, was a great help decorating for our Deb Ball for 1974.
ANN TREBAR	No.	50
Works as a Professional Secretary, Ann loves to dance, especially to the tunes of her Dad, Lou Trebar's Orchestra Ann has travelled and still wishes to go to far away places.
MARY ANN VORISEK	No.	73
Graduated from and is now working at St. Alexis School of Nursing, along with helping out in surgery at University Hospital. Mary Ann also belongs to the Women's Auxiliary Police Dept, in Warrensville Hts., Ohio.
SUSAN ŽELODEC	No.	50
Susan is a Dental Lab Technician. On J'uly 3, 1976, Susan will say, “I do” to her escort Frank Levonduski. They will be married at 1:30 p.m. in St. Martin of Tours’ Church. Her grandmother, Rose, and her late grandfather, Max, Sr. were very, very active Slovenes in all main activities.
For more information on the Junior League, and its future plans, contact Franz Sietz, 308 Richmond Rd., Cleveland, Ohio 44124 who is now looking for Junior Department Leaders for SWU branches throughout the country.
BUDDING SCIENTIST
"FOR THE YOUNG AT HEART"
H! BOVS AND GIRLS
In the March ZARJA you were invited to help select the official Bicentennial motto. During the 18-month search over a million entries were sent each hopefully reflecting America's experience of the past 200 years. From these, one hundred were chosen and the final list included six of which "Freedom's Way — USA" was the winner.
Its author is 29-year old Mrs. Ellen Harness of Litchfield, Conn., who said her slogan came to her while driving to work. She said: I began to think about the number and extent of the Freedoms that we enjoy, the most striking being the number of things that I can do or say without fear. The pursuit of those same freedoms was the driving force behind the Revolution and continues as a driving force today.
Two hundred years ago our Founding Fathers were, as we learned last month, joined by the Founding Mothers in the pursuit of the freedoms we enjoy today. Revolutionary leaders were sure that America would achieve its freedom from colonial rule and that a republic of free peoples would prosper and serve as an example to a world aching for liberty.
The task was great, since "there were no precedents for them to follow and no one to show them the way." They were dedicated to freedom and the belief that all men are created equal, entitled to "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness."
The Declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson of Virginia. He was one of the 56 Signers who gambled all they had, even their lives. The oldest Signer, 71-year old Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania said, "we must all hang together, otherwise we shall most assuredly hang separately." The youngest Signer was 26-year old Edward Rutledge of South Carolina. Of the 56 there were 27 judges and lawyers,
11	merchants, with the remaining being planters, farmers, doctors or soldiers. Each was a "man of sense" and a leader in his community. As members of Congress they thought long and very carefully before they risked their necks.
None of the Signers were hung yet each suffered in one way or another with their signed opposition of the king. The first to be captured was 46-year old Richard Stokton of New Jersey. After being whipped, tortured and starved he was sent home as a warning to all other American leaders. Four others were jailed but none treated as badly as Stockton. Other Signers had their homes and belongings destroyed or stolen, two lost their merchant shipping fortunes, two were severly wounded in battle and one lost his wife having died in prison suffering from physical and mental torture.
OLD MSN CORROSION, i WHAT A GAS!
Ann Marie Zak
Besides Stockton, seven Signers were hastened to their graves by the tensions or fatigues of war before final victory. In one way or another, more than half paid heavily for their signed defiance of the King.
Benjamin Franklin, who felt that mankind's hopes would be decided by the character and events of the American Revolution said, "God grant that not only the love of liberty, but a thorough knowledge of the rights of man, may pervade all the nations of the earth, so that a philosopher may set his foot anywhere on its surface and say, 'This is my country.' "
The Founding Fathers believed that the American Revolution had a message
Ann Marie Zak, ninth grader at Forest Park Junior High, and a. member of Br. 50 Cleveland, Ohio, won an Honorable Mention in the Chemistry Division. She is very proud of her award. Her project titled, "Old Man Corrosion, What a Gas!” was good enough for her to win a First Place from the American Society of Metals and a. $50 prize.
Ann worked since October on her project. She developed procedures and constructed an apparatus to collect hydrogen gas. By adding acid to metals she determined the amount of hydrogen produced and the resultant weight loss. In her results Ann concluded that various metals react differently to certain accids and the greater the amount of hydrogen produced, the greater the weight loss. This reaction, of course, is called ‘corrosion’. Rain or water on metal creates an acid solution which causes rusting also. Ann was happy to receive her awards for her effort and already is planning her next Science Fair project for 1977.
Ann is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Ronald Zak of 27304 Hickory Court, and credits Mr. Ernest Koluder, her teacher, with help in her projects.
Her grandmother, Vi Zoc, was Moth-er-of-the-Year for Br. 50.
To the budding scientist, lots of wishes that success stays with her and will never evaporate away.
and meaning for the whole world and that America was a symbol of freedom and an "empire of liberty."
Your friend, REGINA
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