Milena Gobetz Breda Lončar SLOVENIAN LANGUAGE MANUAL Učbenik slovenskega jezika Volume II Druga knjiga Illustrated by Nancy Bukovnik Slovenski Ameriški Inštitut SLOVENIAN RESEARCH CENTER OF AMERICA, INC. 29227 Eddy Road Willoughby Hills Ohio 44092 U.S.A. SLOVENIAN HERITAGE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT SERIES Giles Edward Gobetz, Ph.D., Editor © Copyright 1977 by Slovenski Ameriški Inštitut Slovenian Research Center of America, Inc. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 76-7668 To knjigo hvaležno posvečava spominu svojega očeta Stanka, vsem slovenskim očetom in vzgojiteljem in slovenskim Šolam, ustanovam in organizacijam— tem najboljšim pomočnikom slovenskih mater pri ohranjanju in poživljanju slovenskega jezika in dediščine This book is gratefully dedicated to the memory of our father Stanko and to all Slovenian fathers and educators, as well as to our Slovenian schools, institutions, and organizations— these very best helpers of Slovenian mothers in the process of preserving and promoting our Slovenian language and heritage FOREWORD The first volume of our Slovenian Language Manual has met with tremendous success which has greatly surpassed all our expectations. The book has been adopted by numerous Slovenian language courses throughout the United States of America, Canada and Australia. With the availability of this easy-to-understand textbook, new Slovenian classes have been organized in many Slovenian communities and thousands of self-taught students have for the first time experienced the satisfaction of studying Slovenian from a textbook which they could understand and master. Between August, 1976, and March, 1977, the Manual has been reprinted three times—an unprecedented success for any Slovenian ethnic book. The authors and our Institute have received hundreds of grateful and enthusiastic letters from teachers and students—some of the latter in their early teens and others of all possible ages, with quite a few even in their seventies and eighties. It is safe to say that there is a renaissance of the Slovenian language in all English-speaking countries which may considerably reinforce the renaissance of our Slovenian heritage in general. All reviewers, too, have greeted the new Manual with considerable enthusiasm, having described it with such terms as "easy-to-understand," "invaluable," "the best ever," "practical," "innovative," "a tremendous job," and "immensely popular." As far as we know, there have been only two critical comments which suggested that the Manual should teach, by means of various accents, from three to five different sounds of a Slovenian vowel. The authors and the Institute are, of course, fully aware of these very fine points and have omitted them on purpose because the Manual was not written for the Slovenian language specialists but for thousands of students who are—and should be treated as—beginners. Trying to teach such students five different sounds of the vowel "o" would, in our opinion, defeat the purpose of our textbook. Our goal has been to stimulate the study of Slovenian on a large scale and help the students get along in simple conversation, reading, and writing, while trying to avoid the danger of discouraging them by insisting on the very difficult complexities of which most non-linguists are generally unaware. Perhaps our Manual has been so exceptionally successful precisely because of this realistic approach, for every writer of textbooks must make an effort to write for the students as the consumers of his product. In this conviction, there have been no radical departures from our approach. We have, of course, borne in mind that the students who have mastered Volume I are now ready for somewhat more demanding materials—progressively richer readings, more songs and poems, the first simpler examples of the original Slovenian literature, and even a few Slovenian success stories, together with a greater diversification in exercises. But the already proven successful approach persists and the recommendations which we made in the Foreword to Volume I hold true also for Volume II. The student will notice that the more important words and phrases are often listed and used more than once. We have done this for pedagogical reasons, thus giving the student a chance to reinforce, by means of repetition, his or her knowledge of the most important words and expressions. The student is also reminded that he or she should not translate from one language to another word by word, but rather express the same meaning in another language in the best possible way, as we tried to illustrate in our materials. Be sure, of course, to check on your pronunciation by reviewing the first pages of Volume I and by seeking help from your Slovenian teacher or other Slovenian-speaking individuals. You will find in Volume II, as you did in Volume I, some words which can legitimately use two different accents (e.g., ponuditi or ponuditi, najbolj or najbolj, roke or roke, etc.). We have listed only the first variation as used in Slovenski pravopis (1962). In some lessons (e.g., on plants, animals, etc.) we have included a very extensive vocabulary; it is up to you to decide whether you want to learn all such words or only the more commonly used ones. If you have not yet done so, you may also wish to procure a dictionary (e.g. Komac-Škerlj, Angleško-slovenski in slovensko-angleški moderni slovar, Cankarjeva založba, 1975), which can be ordered from Tivoli Enterprises, Inc., 6419 St. Clair Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44103, or from Tony's Polka Village Specialty Shoppe, 971 East 185 Street, Cleveland, Ohio 44119. (At the same addresses you can also purchase other Slovenian books, records, and souvenirs.) Be sure to read your Slovenian vocabulary, lessons, and exercises aloud and to do so more than once. Seeing, speaking, and hearing is much better than seeing alone. Use every opportunity you can find to speak Slovenian! And remember: learning Slovenian should be fun! It's marvelous to see how, little by little, a new world opens up to you—or opens more widely—in most instances, the world of your ancestors, of your roots. The authors wish to express their deep gratitude to all teachers, students, reviewers, distributors, newspapers, radio announcers, and all members and friends of the Slovenian Research Center of America, Inc., who have made Volume I of our Slovenian Language Manual such a remarkable success and have thus enabled us to publish also Volume II. We hope that this volume, too, will be successful so that we may then be able to complete the Series with Volume III (in which we would like to acquaint you with more excerpts from the beautiful Slovenian literature and history), and with such additional aids as casettes and answer booklets. We wish to express our gratitude to our mother, Mrs. Albina Osenar, who, to a considerable extent, took over our children and households while we were compiling and typing this volume. The editor of the Series, Professor Edward Gobetz, has again given hundreds of hours of his time to this book having prepared many readings, exercises, and transi ations and having helped us with numerous corrections and improvements, while declining co-authorship which could alone properly indicate his share of work. At this time, it is our pleasure to express our deep gratitude also to Miss Nancy Bukovnik, the winner of many awards, including the Gold Medal Award from the Cleveland Society of Communicating Arts, CA Magazine Award of Excellence, and the Award of Distinction for outstanding achievement in the field of graphic communications, presented at the Chicago I Exhibit in 1961. This talented Slovenian American artist who is also one of America's finest illustrators has graciously offered to illustrate the entire book. All her work, like that of the editor, Professor Gobetz, and of both authors, has been a labor of love, with no financial compensation of any kind, which has enabled us to offer this Manual at such a low price, in spite of the rising printing costs, the large format, and a greatly increased number of pages. As you will recall, we dedicated Volume I to our mother and to all Slovenian mothers by whose love and sacrifices the Slovenian language and heritage have been preserved and continue to flourish. Volume II is, in turn, gratefully dedicated to the memory of our father and to all Slovenian fathers and teachers, as well as to the Slovenian schools and other cultural institutions and organizations—the best helpers of Slovenian mothers in the noble process of preserving and promoting our Slovenian mother tongue and the best elements of our Slovenian heritage. Milena Gobetz Breda Loncar i 1 I TABLE OF CONTENTS LESSON page 1 How to Tell Time........................................1 2 Foods and Beverages ................................................................11 3 At the Restaurant....... •...... ........................................24 4 Genitive Case .................................................33 5 At the Market............................................................................55 6 Conditional Mood ............... ........................................68 7 Locative Case . • • •...................................................................78 8 Reflexive Verbs ........................................................................93 9 Infinitive and Supine ............................................................107 10 Shopping......................................................................................119 11 Imperative Mood........................................135 12 Instrumental Case ....................................................................151 13 At the Bank and at the Post Office ..................................168 Optative Mood............................................................................171 14 Review..........................................................................................177 15 Comprehensive Review of Verbs...................... 189 16 Continuation of Lesson Fifteen..........................................214 17 Prepositions ..............................................................................223 18 Home and Furniture ..................................................................236 19 Parts of the Body....................................................................249 20 Man — The Crown of Creation..............................................256 21 Health and Illness ..................................................................263 At the Doctor ............................................................................268 22 At the Dentist ..........................................................................279 23 Dr. Frederic Pregl, Nobel Prize Winner in Chemistry. 286 24 Gerunds ........................................................................................296 25 Sports ..........................................................................................310 26 Miro Cerar, Slovenian Olympic Champion..........................324 27 On the Farm................................................................................333 28 Plants and Animals..................................................................3^9 29 Birds and Animals of the Woods ..........................................360 30 At the Zoo ..................................................................................375 31 John Holer, Slovenian Developer at Niagara Falls ... 392 32 Holer's Marineland and Game Farm......................................404 33 This is Slovenia......................................................................417 LESSON ONE VOCABULARY -- SLOVARČEK sekunda (f.) minuta (f.) (f.) ura budilka (f.) dan (m.) teden (m.) mesec (m.) leto (n.) sestanek (m.) služba (f.) življenje (n.) do Twith gen.) -od (with gen.) -ob (with loc.) -po (with loc.) -med (with acc.) -pred (with acc.) -ne pred okrog po veČgrji po kosilu v trgovino v trgovini zjutraj zgodaj zjutraj dopoldne opoldne popoldne pozno popoldne zvečer pozno zvečer ob večerih P£lnoc ponoči podnevi spočit, a, o pripravljen, a, o zanimiv, a, o znan, a, o kot začeti končati spati zaspati moliti obnašati se počutiti se second minute hour, o'clock clock, watch alarm clock day week month year meeting, interview job life to, until from at, on after between, among before not before around, about after supper after dinner to the store in the store ko približno točno verjetno navadno včasih tu in tam povsod vso noc ves dan kmalu skoraj že" le ne proč potem tako p^zno zgodaj takoj v cerkvi po soli kdaj? zdaj (sedaj) — when — approximately — exactly — probably — usually — sometimes — now and then — everywhere — all night — all day — soon — almost — already — not yet — past; away, off — after that; then — so — late — early — immediately, at once — in church — after school — when? — now (začnem) (končam) (spimT (zaspim) (molim) (obnašam se) (počutim se) in the morning; A.M. early in the morning in the morning, in the forenoon at noon in the afternoon; P.M. late in the afternoon in the evening; P.M. late in the evening in the evenings midnight during the night during the day refreshed, rested up ready, prepared interesting known as to begin (I begin) to finish, to end (I finish ...) to sleep (I sleep) to fall asleep (I fall asleep) to pray (I pray) to behave (I behave) to feel (I feel) Everyday expressions — Vsakdan .i i Koliko je ura? Kdaj prideš domov iz službe? Kdaj prideš domov iz šole? Kdaj greš spat? Kdaj vstane! zjutraj? Moja ura prehiteva. M<)ja ura zaostaja. Moja ura ni točna. izrazi What time is it? When do you come home from work? When do you come home from school? When do you go to bed? When do you get up in the morning? My watch is fast. My watch is slow. My watch is not exact. (I don't have the correct time.) Let us review the days of the week — Ponovimo dneve v tednu v ponedeljek v torek v sredo v Četrtek v petek v soboto v nedeljo on Monday on Tuesday on Wednesday on Thursday on Friday on Saturday on Sunday ob ponedeljkih ob torkih ob sredah ob 6etrtkih ob petkih ob sobotah ob nedeljah on Mondays on Tuesdays on Wednesdays on Thursdays on Fridays on Saturdays on Sundays Ura je štiri. II. WHAT TIME IS IT? -- KOLIKO JE URA? Koliko je ura? — What time is it? It ist one o'clock two o'clock three o'clock four o'clock five o'clock six o'clock seven o'clock eight o'clock nine o'clock ten o'clock eleven o'clock twelve o'clock noon midnight — pol enih — pol dveh — pol treh -- pol Štirih — pol petih — pol šestih — pol sedmih — pol £smih — pol devetih — pol desetih — pol enajstih — pol dvanajstih osem devet deset enajst dvanajst opoldne polnoč 5 (minutes) after ... 10 (minutes) after ... 15 (minutes) *fter ... or quarter after *.. 20 (minutes) after ... 25 (minutes) after ... 25 (minutes) to ... 20 (minutes) to ... 12:45 (quarter to one) 1:45 (quarter to two) 2:45 (quarter to three) 145 (quarter to four) :45 (quarter to five) 5*45 (quarter to six) 6:45 (quarter to seven) 7:45 (quarter to eight) 8*45 (quarter to nine) 9:45 (quarter to ten) 10145 (quarter to eleven) 11:45 (quarter to twelve) 10 (minutes) to ... 5 (minutes) to ... before five o'clock before ten o'clock before eight o'clock not before eleven not before nine not before six Eifter one o'clock after ten o'clock between nine and eleven o'clock between four and five o'clock at one o'clock at two-thirty at 11 P.M. at 3 P.M. at 8 A.M. at 6*30 A.M. at 6:30 P.M. from nine to five from ten to eleven from three o'clock on from eight o'clock on It is exactly eleven o'clock. It is approximately 2:30. It is almost three o'clock. It will soon be eight o'clock. It is already nine o'clock. It is past ten o'clock. It is already past six o'clock. — pet (minut) Sez eno, dve, tri . — deset (minut) čez eno, dve ... — petnajst (minut) Sez eno, dve . ali (en) Setrt Jez eno, dve, tri .. — dvajset Tminut) Sez eno, dve .. — petindvajset (minut) Sez eno .. — petindvajset (minut) do enih .. — dvajset (minut) do enih, dveh . — tri Setrt na eno — tri Setrt na dve — tri Setrt na tri — tri Setrt na Štiri — tri četrt na pet — tri Set£t na sest — tri Setrt na sedem — tri Setrt na osem — tri Setrt na devet — tri Setrt na deset — tri Setrt na enajst — tri Setrt na dvanajst — deset (minut) do enih, dveh ... — pet (minutj do enih, dveh, treh — pred peto — pred deseto — pred osmo — ne pred enajsto -- ne pred deveto — ne pred šesto — po enih — po desetih — med deveto in enajsto — med Setrto in peto — ob enih — ob pol treh — ob enajstih zveSer — ob treh popoldne — ob osmih zjutraj — ob pol sedmih zjutraj -- ob pol sedmih zveSer — od devetih do petih — od desetih do enajstih — od treh naprej — od osmih naprej — Je toSno enajst. — Je približno pol treh. — Je skoraj tri. — finalu bo osem. — Je Že devet. — Deset je proS. — Je že lest proS. It isn't two o'clock yet. — Se ni dve. Is it four o'clock yet? -- Ali je 5e štiri? NOTES -- CPOMBE 1. If you have forgotten the cardinal and the ordinal numbers in Slovenian, please review them on pages 118 and 119 in Volume I. 2. Please read and study carefully all the expressions of time on pages 2 and 3. Notice that different prepositions require different endings for their objects. 3. Since we have not yet studied the genitive and the locative cases, please study the following endings for numbers 1 to 12 which happen to be the same for both cases i enih štirih sedmih desetih dveh netih osmih enajstih treh šestih devetih dvanajstih These endings are used with prepositions "od," "do," "ob," "po," and with the expression of quantity "pol" meaning "half." For examplet od dveh — from two o'clock do petih — until five o'clock ob sedmih — at seven o'clock po desetih — after ten o'clock pol osmih — 7>30 or half past seven (literally« half of eight.) The preposition "med" takes the accusative case. The ordinal number is usually used instead of the cardinal with this preposition when indicating the hour. For example i med prvo in drugo (uro) — between one and two o'clock med tretjo in četrto — between three and four o'clock med peto in Šesto — between five and six o'clock med sjedmo in osmo — between seven and eight o'clock med deveto in deseto — between nine and ten o'clock med enajsto in dvanajsto — between eleven and twelve o'clock 5. The preposition "pred" also takes the accusative case. For example t pred eno — before one o'clock pred £»esto — before six o'clock ne pred deveto — not before nine o'clock ne pred peto — not before five o'clock 6. In Slovenian, "o'clock" is usually omitted. For example i I'll come at ten o'clock. — Bom prišel ob desetih. She'll call at two o'clock.— Ona bo poklicala ob dveh. It's past six o'clock. — Je Šest pro£. 7. As we shall see later, in Slovenian, the genitive plural is always used with number 5 and above. Please study the following nouns in the genitive plurali minuta — minut (pet minut, deset minut, dvajset minut) sekunda — sekund (pet sekund, deset sekund...) ura — ur (pet tir, deset ur, petnajst ur ...) III. EXERCISES — VAJE angle Ura jet osem pol p^tih _ pet cez des,et _ četrt Čez eno _ enajst _ deset cez tri _ štiri _ pol šestih _ točno deset _ tri _ deset proč _ pet do osmih _ deset čez sedem _ pet do desetih _ dvajset do desetih tri četrt na sedem dvajset do treh petindvajset Čez eno skoraj pol £smih približno pol enih petindvajset do dveh tri Četrt na eno dvajset Čez šest dvajset do osmih Doma bomt ob desetih ne pred peto v nedeljo v soboto zvečer od šestih naprej od osmih do enajstih ob dveh It is t eight o'clock Ura jet opoldne deset Čez tri pol enajstih pet do dveh polnoč pol desetih pet do osmih tri proč pet Čez pet že enajst deset do dveh pol štirih pol dveh pet čez dve It ist I'll be at homei B. Translate into English — Prevedi v,angleščino 1. Domov smo prišli ob pol _ enajstih zvečer, _ 2. Ptrter te bo poklical ob _ pol devetih zjutraj. _ 3. Koliko je ura? Deset do treh,_ Kaj delaš ob večerih? _ 5. Ob sobotah dopoldne imamo _ slovensko šolo. _ 6. On d£la pon£Či in spi podnevi._ 7. Ura je polnoč. Zakaj Še ne _ spiš? _ 8. V nedeljo popoldne gremo na _ koncert. _ 9. Jutri ob pol desetih imam _ sestanek za novo službo. _ 10. Predsednik Carter bo govoril _ danes zvečer ob sedmih. _ 11. Ob torkih zvečer sem navgdno _ doma, _ 12. V Četrtek zvečer smo šli k _ stari mami. _ 13* V službo vozim približno _ dvajset minut. _ 14. Vsak dan delam osem ur. _ 15* V službi sem od devetih do _ petih. _ 16. Spat grem ob desetih vsak _ večer. _ 17. Vsako jutro vst^nem ob pol _ sedmih. _ 18. Otroci pridejo domov iz šole _ ob pol štirih. _ 19. Gospod Hribar bo v pisarni _ od dveh do štirih popoldne. _ 20. Letalo pride ob pol dveh. 21. Ne grem spat pred enajsto. 22. Lahko me pokličeš do enajstih. 23. Ali je ze tri Četrt na dve? 24. Zdaj je (en) četrt čez eno. 25. Ob štirih moram biti doma. 26. Kdaj prideš domov iz šole? 27* Moja ura zaostaja. 28. Je točno deset. 29. Od osmih zvečer do polnoči bo ples. 30. Navadno spim od enajstih zvečer do šestih zjutraj* C. It is« Ura jei It is i Ura jet 2 o'clock dve 5 after 10 net čez deset 3 o'clock 5 after 7 7 o'clock 5 after 2 9 o'clock 5 after 6 10 after 3 15 after 8 10 after 4 15 after 11 10 after 5 15 after 12 10 after 1 15 after 2 20 after 7 25 after 3 20 after 2 25 after 5 20 after 6 25 after 9 20 after 8 25 after 4 25 to 3 20 to 11 25 to 7 20 to 3 25 to 9 20 to 10 quarter to ten quarter to eight quarter to six quarter to one -7- 10 to 5 deset do petih_ 1*30 10 to 3 _ 7«30 10 to 11 _ 12130 10 to 1 _ 9«30 5 to 4 _ 3*30 5 to 6 _ 5 <30 5 to 2 _ 6130 5 to 7 _ 10»30 noon _midnight D. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenžžino 1. It*s exactly nine o'clock. _ 2. She'll come at two o'cloclc. _ 3. What time is it? _ It's twenty to eleven. _ 5. It's ten after five. _ 6. It's quarter after two. _ ?• It's ten to four. _ 8. It's two-thirty. _ 9» It's quarter to ten. _ 10. It's five after one. _ 11. It's past six o'clock. _ 12. It's not four o'clock yet. _ 13. It's not eight-thirty yet. _ I**. It's almost three. _ 15« I don't work on Saturdays. _ 16. I am usually home in the _ evenings. _ 17. When do you get up in the _ morning? _ 18. I usually get up at six-thirty._ 19. When do you go to bed? _ 20. I usually go to bed between _ ten and eleven o'clock. _ 21. I'll call you between three _ and four o'clock. _ -8- 22. We usually eat at six o'clock. ___ 23. Aunt Mary will come on Sunday. ___ 24. I come home at four-thirty. _______ 25. He works from eight to four.______ IV. TWO READINGS -- DVE BERILI Mo .j dan Zjutraj vstanem oh pol sedmih. Ob osmih grem v službo. Ob pol devetih začnem delati. Delam do pol dvanajstih. Kosilo im^m od pol dvanajstih do pol enih. Službo končam ob Štirih. Ob pol petih pridem domov. Ob Šestih imam večerjo. Ob večerih navadno berem ali pa gledam televizijo. Spat grem ob enajstih. Navadno takoj zaspim. Vso noč dobro spim. Zjutraj sem vesel in spočit in pripravljen za nov dan in delo. 2ivljenje je lepo in zanimivo. Translate the above reading and answer in Slovenian — Prevedi berilo in odgovori na vprašanja Kdaj vstanete zjutraj? __ Kdaj greste v službo? ____ Kdaj začnete delati? _ Kdaj jeste kosilo? _____ Kdaj pridete domov? __ Kaj delate ob večerih? _________ Kdaj greste spat? __________ Ali dobro spite? __ Kako se počutite zjutraj? ___ Janezkov dan Janezek vstane vsako jutro ob pol osmih. Ob osmih Že gre na Šolski avtobus. V šolo pride četrt Čez osem in je tam do treh. Navadno je doma že Četrt čez tri. Po šoli se lahko igra s prijatelji do pol petih. Ob petih je večerja. Po večerji dela domačo nalogo. Ob večerih včasih tudi gleda televizijo« včasih bere knjige ali pa Časopis j tu in tam gre k prijatelju ali pa v trgovino. Ob sobotah hodi v slovensko šolo. Tam je od devetih do pol dvanajstih. Ob nedeljah d£lgo spi, potem gre v cerkev. V cjsrkvi se lepo obnaša in zato je povsod znan kot priden fant. Translate the above reading and answer in Slovenian — Prevedi berilo in odgovori na vprašanja v slovenščini Kdaj vstane Janezek? ____ Kdaj gre na šolski avtobus? ____ Kdaj pride v solo? ___________ Do kdaj je Janezek v šoli?________ Kdaj pride domov iz š.ole? __ Do kdaj se lahko igra po šoli?______ Kdaj je večerja? ______ Kdaj naredi domačo nalogo? ________ Kaj dela ob večerih? _____ Kdaj ima slovensko šolo? Od kdaj do kdaj je v slovenski šoli? Kam gre ob nedeljah? Kako se v cerkvi obnaša? Kakšen fant je Janezek? I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moski bpqI prostor jedilni list bife vhod izhod račun natakar hren zajtrk kis rak jezik zrezek (kotlet)-narezek prigrizek sendvič kozarec krožnik pribor nož hleb space, room menu snack bar entrance exit bill waiter horseradish breakfast vinegar crab tongue cutlet, chop slices of cold meat, cold cuts snack, light meal sandwich glass plate silverware knife loaf (round) Feminine— ženski spol restavracija kavarna Spices — Pisave (Začimbe) jjoper česen lovorov list muškatov oreh žajbelj majaron satraj timian drobnjak cimet rožmarin pehtran mak janež klincki sol čebula paprika meta goreica kumina pepper garlic bay leaf nutmeg sage marjoram savory thyme chives cinnamon rosemary tarragon poppy seed anise cloves salt onion paprika mint mustard caraway seed gostilna blagajna hrana natakarica pijača postrežba napetnina limona palačinka polenta večerja malica juha omaka obara solata majoneza riba štruca školjka klobasa krvavica pecenica pečenka zelenjava steklenica žlica slaščica smetana torta jed govedina teletina svinjina perutnina divjačina Neuter — Srednji kosilo olje jagnje maslo jetra (pl.) - restaurant - cafe, coffee shop - tavern, inn - cash register - food - waitress - beverage, drink(s) - service - tip - lemon - omelette _ com mush - supper - snack - soup - gravy, sauce - stew - salad, lettuce - mayonnaise - fish - loaf - clam - sausage - blood sausage - fried sausage - roast - vegetable(s) - bottle - spoon - sweet, dessert - cream - fancy cake - dish, meal - beef - veal - pork - poultry - wild game meat spol dinner — oil -- lamb — butter — liver Adjectives — Pridevniki slan, a, o — salted neslan, a, o preslan, a, o kisel7 sla, o — unsalted — too salty — sour prekisel, sla, o — too sour — cooked — fried — not cooked enough — (made with) vroč, a, e mrzel, zla, o topel, pla, o sladek, dka, o zazgan, a, o pečen, a, o premalo pečen okusen* sna« o milk kuhan, a, o pohan, a, o premalo kuhan mlečen, Sna, o Everyday expressions — Vsakdan.ii izrazi Sem lačen (lačna). Sem Sejen (Sejna). Sem sit (sita). Ne morem več (jesti). Kje je se prostor? Tam pri oknuT hot cold warm sweet burnt baked not baked enough tasty, savoury Zel^m mizo za enega (za dva) Selim naročiti... Prosim, prinesite mi... Kje lahko plačam? Tam pri blagajni. Kaj vi priporočate? Rad (rada) biT Raje bi: nekaj mrzlega nekaj toplega nekaj za piti nekaj za jesti kos kruha Ttorte) kozarec vode (mleka, vina) skodelico kave (Čaja) nič sladkorja, prosim nič Čebule, prosim z maslom, z medom, z orehi z limono, z marmelado s kisom in oljem z gorčico, z majonezo se kave (mleka, kruha), prosim X am hungry. I am thirsty. I am full. I can't (eat) any more. Where is there still room? Over there, by the window. I would like a table for one (two) I wish to order ... Please bring me... Where can I pay? There, by the cash register. What do you recommend? I would liket I would prefer: something cold something warm something to drink something to eat a piece of bread (of cake) a glass of water (of milk, of wine) a cup of coffee (of tea) no sugar, please no onions, please with butter, with honey, with nuts with lemon, with jelly with vinegar and oil with mustard, with mayonnaise more coffee (milk, bread), please NOTES — OPOMBE 1. Whenever you address the waiter or the waitress, be sure to use the formal form (VI) and to precede it with "gospod," or "gospodična." Por example« "Gospod natakar, prosim prinesjlte mi se eno steklenico vina." 2. Sooner or later you will hear the following colloquial words which are frequently used in spoken Slovenian although they are considered incorrect in the literary language i zupa (Supca) ajmoht gre s speh šale a flafa glaz instead of juha — soup instead of obara — stew instead of zdrob — farina instead of slanina ^ — bacon instead of skodelica or casa — cup instead of steklenica — bottle instead of kozarec — glass We have studied the verb JESTI (TO EAT) in Volume I. Since it is somewhat irregular, let us review it again* Present tense Past tense Future tense jem jes jS sem si je jedel jedel jgdel (jedla) (jedla) (jedla) bom boš bo jedel jedel jedel (jedla) (jedla) (jedla) jeva jesta jesta sva sta sta jedla jedla jedla (jedli) (jedli) (jedli) bova jedla bosta jedla bosta jedla (jedli) (jedli) (jedli) jemo jeste jejo or jedo smo ste so jedli jedli jedli (jedle) (jedle) (jedle) bomo boste bodo jedli jedli jedli (jedle) (jedle) (jedle) II. FOODS AND DRINKS — HRANA IN PIJASA ZAJTRK Rad (rada) bii kavo (črno, sladko) kavo (mlečno, sladko) kavo (črno, brez~sladkorja) kavo (mlečno, brez sladkorja) caj (z mlekom, z limono) mleko (posneto mleko) kakav or kakao kruh (beli, črni, rzeni, psenicni) Semlje; prepeSenec ocvrta jajca s šunko mešana jajca s slanino mehko (trdo) kuhana jajca zakrknjena jajca sadni sok pomarančni sok (naravni) paradižnikov sok^ palačinke} ponvicnike mlečni zdrob močnik; kosmiče prepečenec (toast) z maslom kos kruha z maslom in marmelado maslo; marmelada; med; sirup sol; poper; sladkor; sir še kave, prosim BREAKFAST I would like: coffee (black, with sugar) coffee (with cream and sugar) coffee (black, without sugar) coffee (with cream and no sugar) tea (with milk, with lemon) milk (skim milk) cocoa, hot chocolate bread (white, black, rye, wheat) rolls j toast fried eggs with ham scrambled eggs with bacon soft (hard) boiled eggs poached eggs fruit juice orange juice (natural) tomato juice omelettes; pancakes farina with milk porridge; oatmeal toast with butter a piece of bread with butter and jelly butter; jelly; honey; syrup salt; pepper; sugar; cheese more coffee, please KOSILO ALI VEČERJA Juhe čista j^ha govgja jjiha z domačimi rezanci perutninska (kokcpja) ji£ha zelenjavna juha fižglova juha grghova juha gobova juha paradižnikova juha krompirjeva jjiha preSg§nka ječmgnfckova jjiha (ješprenj or rDSet) Pripravljene .iedi govgdina v omgki goveji g^laž govgja pečenka telečja pečenka svinjska pecgnka pecgni piščanec (pečena piska) ocvrti piščanec (p£hane pTSke) nadevan purgn goveji jgzik v om^ki vgmpi v omaki dima j ski zrgzek svinjski zrezek (kotlet) nadevana pgprika nadgvano zelje rižcjta (kurja, telgčja) foveja obara truklji (sirovi, orehovi) Jedi po naročilu tgpli sgndvič toast sendvič kranjska klobasa z gorčico kislo zelje in klobase r^Ževe klob&se krvavice s kislo repo pečenipe hrenovka polpeta z zmlgtim mesom Jedi na žaru naravni zrezek na žaru biftek na £§ru r&žnjici cevapčici s čebulo zmleto meso DINNER OR SUPPER Soups broth (clear soup) beef soup with homemade noodles chicken soup vegetable soup bean soup pea soup mushroom soup tomato soup potato soup browned flour soup barley soup Prepared dishes beef with gravy (roast beef) beef goulash beef roast veal roast pork roast roasted (baked) chicken fried chicken stuffed turkey beef tongue with gravy tripe stew breaded veal pork chop stuffed peppers stuffed cabbage rice (with chicken, with veal) beef stew pierogi (cheese, walnut) Dishes made to order a warm sandwich sandwich on toast Slovenian (Camiolan) sausage with mustard sauerkraut and sausages rice sausages blood sausages with sour turnips fried sausages hot dog) frankfurter ground meat patty; hamburger Grilled or broiled dishes steak (broiled) beef steak (broiled) sish-ka-bob fresh sausage rolls (ground meat) with onions ground meat -14- Prikuhe riž (z gobamii z grahom) pečen krompir pralen krompir pommes frites (pr.i pom frit) pire krompir makaroni; ipageti rezanci (Široki) cmoki (kruhovi, sirovi,^ čespijevi, marelcni) zganci (ajdovi, koruzni) polenta Solate zelena solata mešana solata zeljnata solata fižolova solata sezonska solata krompirjeva solata francoska solata ruska solata tlaSenka s kisom in oljem regrat jajčka z majonezo Zelenjava grah fižol koruza špinača belus or špargelji rdeČa pesa kumare or murke cvetača or karfijola redkvice zelena paprika repa (kisla) zelje; kislo zelje korenje buČa peteršilj paradižnik mešana zelenjava Slaščice (sladice, desert) lešnikova t£rta orjehova torta kremna rezina krofi potica (orehova, makova, pehtranovaT Side dishes rice (with mushrooms, with peas) baked potato(es) home fries French fries mashed potatoes macaroni; spaghetti noodles (wide) dumplings (bread, cheese, plum, apricot) mush (buckwheat, corn) corn pone, cornmeal Salads salad (green); lettuce mixed salad coleslaw bean salad salad in season potato salad French salad Russian salad Sressed sausage with vinegar and andelion oil eggs with mayonnaise Vegetables pea(s) bean(s) corn spinach asparagus beets cucumbers cauliflower radishes celery green pepper turnip (sour) cabbage; sauerkraut carrots pumpkin; squash parsley tomato mixed vegetables Sweets (dessert) cake (with filberts) cake (with nuts) pastry with cream doughnuts "potica" or roll (walnut, poppy seed, tarragon) -15- Slovenski narodni menu[i Menus nattonaux slov&nes Slovenian National Menus Menu nazionall sloveni Slowentsche NatlonalmenUs Vipavska Juho TržiSka brjola i ajdovimi Igand Regrat — Motovileč — Zelena solata Blzeljska ajdova polica Potage d la Vlpavienne Entrecote do Trii4 aux -jgantsl de sarrasin Phsenllt — Mache — Solacio varte Potitsa de sarrasin □ la Blzeljsko Soup, Vipava Fashion Trilč Roastbeef with Buckwheat Dandelion — Ramplon — Green Salad B4zeljsko Buckwheat Patitia Zuppa Vipava Bistecca Tržič con smlnuziato di taraceno Dente di leone — Raperontolo — Inialata verde Potiza dt saraceno Blzeljsko Vfpaver Suppe Triii Rostbroten mit Heidenslerz LBwenrahnialat — Rapunzel — GrOner 5a lat BiiefJjko Heldenpotlze JEDILNI LIST CARTE DU JOUR LISTA DEL GIORNO SPEISEKARTE BILL OF FARE HOTEL SLON LJUBLJANA TITOVA 10 Mofnikova juha Matevi 1 suhtm tnesom In kislim zeljem all Svinjska ribica v tutu i prilogo In solato Belokranjska gibanica Soupe 6 la boni I lie de fartne blanche Mathieu A la viande liche et choucroute ou Filet de pore en pfite a la garniture et salade Gulbanlbn 6 la Bela krr,l!na Pap Broth Mathew with Smoked Pork and Pickled Cabbage or Fillet af Pork Jn paste with Garniture and Salad Bela krajina Glbanltxo Min«tra carsolina Mattio con came affumlcata a cappuccl addl op pure Airosto dl vltello In paita con conlorno e tmaloio Struccolo Bela krojlna Mehlbreisuppe MatthUus mlt geselchtom Flelich und 5auerkraut oder Jungfembraten Im Telg mit Betlage und Salat Bela krajina Gtbanlza 3 Filolova Juha Počena purtca s kostanji all jabolki Zelena solata ali Pefenica In krvavica s kislim zeljem Metina potica Potage de haricots blancs Dinde rotle aux ch6talgn« ou pommes Solade verte ou Sauciue grillie et boudtn noir 6 la choucroute Potitsa A la menthe Bean Soup Roast Turkey with Chestnuts or Apples Green Salad or Grilled Sausage and Blood Sausage Pickled Cabbage Mint Patitia Minestra dl fagioll Tacchlno arrwto con castagne a me I o Insalata verde oppure Saislcce e sangulnacci con cappuccl acldi Patiza d i menta Bohnensuppe Gebratene Truthenne mit Kastanien oder Apfeln GrDner Salat oder Bratwurst und Blutwurst mlt Sauerkraut Minzepotlze "GRANDHOrtL UNION" Ljubljana MikloiiCeva t Tel.: 061/24-507 Telex: 31295 Hotel „BOR" Preddvor Tel.: 064/74-111 Hotel "LEV" Ljubljana Voinjakova 1 Tel.: 061/310-555 Telex: 31 350 Hotel "METROPOL" Novo mesto Novi trg 1 Tel.: 068/21-447 Hotel "GRAD OTOČEC" Otočec ob Krki Tel.: 068/21-835 Hotel "LARIX" Kranjska gora Tel.: 064/84-575 Hotel "GRAD PODVIN" Podvin Radovljica Tel.: 064/75-543 Telex: 34568 Kavarna in slaSCičarna "EVROPA" Ljubljana Gosposvetska 2 Tel.: 061/311-421 jabolčna čežgna in piškoti jabolčni (sirov) zavitek or štrudelj toleena smetana sadna kupaj komp£t sladoled (vanila, jagodni, c okoladniT Brezalkoholne pi.iaČe limonada oranzada pomarančni sok (naravni) s&dni~sok paradižnikov sok malinovec koka kola kokta mineralna voda (kisla voda) Čaj z ledom Alkoholne pijače slivovka brinjevec liker pivo (kozarec piva) vino (kozarec vina) (steklenica vina) namizno vino but e 1 j 5no~~vino Tople pijače expresso (s smetano) Čaj (z limono, z rumom, z mlekom) čaj iz kamilic kgva (črna, mlečna or bela) kakav or kakao applesauce and cookies apple (cheese) strudel whipped cream fruit cup i stewed fruit ice cream (vanilla, strawberry, chocolate) Soft drinks (nonalcoholic) lemonade orange soda orange juice (natural) fruit juice tomato juice rasberry juice coca cola, coke Slovenian manufactured coke mineral water tea with ice Alcoholic beverages plum brandy gin liqueur beer (a glass of beer) wine (a glass of wine) (a bottle of wine) table wine bottled wine Warm drinks coffee (very strong) with whipped cream tea (with lemon, with rum, with milk) camomile-tea coffee (black, with cream) cocoa, hot chocolate A. 1. 2. 3. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13-U. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 2*K 25. III. EXERCISES — VAJE Izberi pravo besedo — Choose the correct vino _ word (Match) wine beer soup inn, tavern snack bar coffee shop restaurant service menu space, room cash register waiter waitress tip roll tea juice salt breakfast ham bacon loaf of bread omelette corn pone oatmeal JL a. kavarna b. postrežba c. natakarica 5. zemlja d. jedilni list e. šunka f. polenta g. slanina h. hleb kruha i. sol j. vino k. bife 1. blagajna m. zajtrk n. gostilna o. napetnina p. restavracija r. natakar s. pivo s. palačinka t. kosmiči u. sok v. caj z. juha ž. prostor 1. jam (jelly) 2. butter 3. honey k. egg 5. cheese 6. horseradish 7. pepper a. b. c. ♦ c. d. e. f. hren kis školjka hrenovka klobasa veSerja cmoki 8. vinegar 9. oil 10. doughnuts 11. clam 12. dinner 13. supper 14. noodles 15. pork chops 16. roast 17. food 18. bottle 19* glass 20. mustard 21. dumplings 22. sausage 23. frankfurter 24. potato 25. rice g. hrana h. maslo i. steklenica j. kosilo k. krompir 1. svinjski zrezek m. marmelada n. sir o. riz p. kozarec r. jajce s. gorčica š. krofi t. med u. rezanci v. pečenka z. poper z. olje 1. sandwich 2. sauerkraut _ 3. fried chicken 4. baked chicken 5. sauce, gravy _ 6. sugar _ 7. coleslaw 8. roast beef _ 9. pork roast _ 10. tripe _ 11. beef tongue _ 12. peas _ 13« salad of the season 14. spinach _ 15* onion 16. beans a. omaka b. govedina v omaki c. goveji jezik Č. zeljnata solata d. čebula e. Česen f. grah g. rdeča pesa h. fižol i. ocvrti piščanec j. sezonska solata k. spinaČa 1. zelje m. smetana n. vampi o. sendvič 17. beets T>. paradižnik 18. tomato r. sladkor 19. carrots s. kislo z^lje 20. corn • s. svinjska pečenka 21. cream t. torta 22. fruit cup u. pečeni piscanec 23. cabbage V. korenje 24. cake z. sadna kupa 25. garlic * z. koruza B, You will be able to find fifty Slovenian words which we have studied in this lesson in the following "word finder" puzzle. When you find each one, encircle it in the puzzle and then write it next to its English counterpart on the next page. V spodnji "crkovnici" boste našli petdeset slovenskih besed, ki smo le jih naučili v tej lekciji. Ko najdete slovensko besedo, jo obkrožite v "crkovnici"~in potem napišite poleg ustrezne angleške besede na naslednji strani. 0 2 L I C A K S 0 L M C U E M E D S S A P L K 0 S I L 0 A R M L A 2 S E L G R A H B D P A K S V E C K P R N A K P D C A J I K T L K A K I U P D N S 0 K F S U V I N 0 R K N G J T V I P G 0 B A L 0 S J H S A T S 0 K I N R K R U H V S H V 0 C T M R v I C A B A K 0 R E N J E A D J T S 0 E P T C V 0 2 E C P 0 M A K A N E B F A H R A N A N E E G B C D J A U A G L SZ L I K 0 R C K H Z C C L 0 R P A sO\fi P F V J E 0 R I B A R T A A C Z lKl> sJ E K A N R E 0 J E T R A R I F B J^ \T A V K U N U T 0 R T A A N C C 0 Is H A Z L R D P S P D D K E A Z A J T R K A N 0 2 0 I L U I A S S J U H A(F I Z 0 L)L L T R E 2 P E A R P 0 P E R K C A B J S I R N 0 N P G 0 R C I C A T 2 D E T 2 K I A M E T A S U N K A I H M 0 C N I K R Examples bean(s) — fižol goulash — golaž 1. bacon 26. mint 2. beer 27. mushroom 3. bread 28. mustard 4. breakfast 29. oil 5. butter 30. omelette 6. cabbage 31. onion 7. cake 32. pea(s) 8. carrots 33. pepper 9. cheese 34. poppy seed 10. coffee 35. porridge 11. corn 36. rice 12. cup 37. roast 13. dinner 38. salad 14. eggs 39. salt 15. fish 40. sandwich 16. food 41. sauce, gravy 17. frankfurter 42. soup 18. garlic 43. spinach 19. ham 44. spoon 20. honey 45. stew 21. horseradish 46. supper 22. juice 47. tea 23. knife 48. tomato 24. liver 49. vinegar 25. milk 50. wine C. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedite v slovenščino 1. I am very hungry today. 2. This soup is very tasty. 3- The salad is too sour. 4. What shall we have for supper? 5. For supper we'll have roast beef, mashed potatoes, peas _ -22- and coleslaw. 6. I am thirsty. 7. I would like something to drink. 8. Do you have something cold? 9* Please bring me the menu. 10. I wish to order breakfast. 11. I would like a cup of coffee with cream and sugar. 12. I would like orange juice, two eggs with bacon, coffee, rolls and butter. 13. Please bring me sausages and sauerkraut, a bottle of red wine and two rolls. 14. Do you have fried chicken? 15- I would like a hot dog with mustard and French fries. 16. I need salt and pepper, please. 17* A glass of beer, please. 18. A glass of water, please. 19. What is for dinner? 20. What do you recommend? 21. More coffee, please. 22. I would like a mixed salad with oil and vinegar. 23. Do you have tripe stew? 24. We had goulash and corn pone for supper. 25. The mineral water is very good and healthy. 26. My father eats only wheat bread. 27. On Sundays we eat dinner at noon. LESSON THREE I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Nouns — Samostalniki slon jedilnik or jedilni list zenka pekarna pecrvo sadje Adjectives — Pridevniki utrujen, a, o odličen, ena, eno prazen, zna, zno poln, a, o sit, a, o masten, tna, tno svez, a, e naraven, vna, vno zdrav, a, o bolj zdravj najbolj zdrav najboljši, a, e najljubši, a, e čokoladni, a, o domaSTi), a, e kateri, a, o kakšen, šna, šno Verbs — Glagoli p^ci or speci (pečem, spečem) -kuhat i, skuhati (skuham) izbrati odločiti se pogreti se prinesti zrediti se shujšati (izberem^ (se odločim) (se pogrejem) (prinesem) (se zredim) (shujšamT Other words — Druge besede elephant menu darling, (my) dear wife bakery baked goods? pastry fruit(s) tired, exhausted excellent empty full (not empty) full (not hungry) greasy fresh, crisp natural healthy healthier; healthiest the best favorite, dearest chocolate homemade which one what kind of - to bake (I bake) - to cook (I cook) - to choose (I choose) - to decide i(to make up one's mind) - to warm upj(I warm up) - to bring (I bring) - to gain weight (I gain weight) - to lose weight, to slim down (I lose weight) za odrasle za otroke v pekarni od tukaj res samo za vsi toliko kar vse for adults skoraj for children blizu in the bakery dalec from here ker really, truly da only ce for seveda all, everybody so much, so many just; also a flavoring particle all, everything almost near far because yes s that if of course, certainly Everyday expressions — Vsakdanji izrazi Rad (rada, radi) bi ... Raje or rajši bi ,.. Najraje or najrajši bi^... Kaj je| (jeste) najrajši? Najrajši (najraje) jem ... Moja najljubša jed^je ... To je moja najljubša jed. Vse jem.^ Nic slaščic zame. Preveč kaloriji Ne jem slaščic (peciva). Ne pijem vina. Ne smem mlečnih jedj.. Tega ni na jedilniku. Kar tja pojdimo! Ali ne? Je zelo (Sj.sto) blizu. Je zelo daleč od tukaj. In še zelo blizu je. Dobrodošli! Toliko je izbire (za izbrati). Ne morem se odločiti. Težko se je odločiti. Ste se že odločili? Zelo je mrzlo zunaj. Se bomo malo pogreli s toplo juho (z vročim čajem). Postrežba je odlična. Ali lahko dob^m ...? Ali lahko naročim ...? Ali ti (vam) lahko kaj prinesem? Sem še lačen. Nisem vec lačen. Saj veš, da sem na dieti. Ti pa tvoja dieta1 Rad(a) bi shujšal(a)► Rad(a) bi se"~zredil(a). Moram shujšati. Nočem se^zrediti. Sem shujšal(aT« Sem se zredil(a). Prosim, plačajte pri blagajni. Blagajna je pri izhodu. Pa se pridite! Imaš prav. Skoraj bi pozabil. Semkaj drugega? Nič drugega, hvjala. Rad bi steklenico dobrega sloven skega vina. pri nas would like ... would prefer ... would like ... the best What do you like to eat the best? I like to eat ... the best. My favorite dish is ... This is my favorite dish. I eat everything. No sweets for me. Too many calories! I don't eat sweets (pastry). I don't drink wine. I am not allowed (to eat) dairy foods. This is not on the menu. Let's just go there! Isn't that so? It is very near. It is very far from here. And it is also very near. Welcome! There is so much to choose from. I cannot make up my mind. It is difficult to decide. Did you make up your mind yet? It is very cold outside. We'll warm up a little with warm soup (with hot tea). The service is excellent. May I get ...? May I order ...? May I bring you something? I am still hungry. I am not hungry any more. You know that I am on a diet. You and your diet! I would like to lose weight. I would like to gain weight. I must lose weight. I don't want to gain weight. I lost weight. I gained weight. Please pay by the cash register. The cashier is by the exit. And come again'. You're right. I almost forgot. Something else? Nothing else, thank you. I would like a bottle of good Slovenian wine, by us; at our house -25- NOTES — OPOMBE 1. In Volume I we had two lessons on the Slovenian idiom "to like" and "to prefer." Please review pages 40 and 69 if you have forgotten these frequently used idioms. 2. Whenever "pre" precedes a Slovenian adjective, it means "too." For example: predober — too good prevelik — too big presladek — too sweet premajhen — too small II. READING — BERILO V restavraciji Ura je skoraj opoldne. Vsi smo že lačni in utrujeni. Hotel Slon ima odlično restavracijo. In se zelo blizu je. Kar tja pojdimo! Dober dan! Dobrodošli! Dober dan. Mizo za tri bi radi, prosim. Je se kje prostor? Da, tam pri oknu je prazna miza. Odlično! 2elite jedilni list? Da, prosim. — Toliko je za izbrati, da se je težko odločiti. Vsi bomo govejo juho z rezanci, ali ne? Seveda! Zelo je mrzlo. Se bomo malo pogreli. Pa le kaj drugega? Jaz bi rada svinjski zrezek, pečen krompir in sezonsko solato s kisom in oljem. Kaj boš pa ti, Peter? Jaz bi pa rad sendvič z govejo pečenko, pommes frites in z^ljnato solato. Dobro, zdaj se moram pa še jaz odločati. Jaz bom pa biftek na žaru, riž in mešano solato. Gospod natakar! Želite, prosim? Ste se že odločili? Da. Prosim, prinesite tri goveje juhe z rezuici. Za ženo tudi svinjski zrezek, pečen krompir in sezonsko solato s kisom in oljem* za sina sendvič z govejo pečenko, pommes frites in zeljnato solato t -26- Natakar: Gospod Kovači Natakar 1 G. Kovači Natakar : G. KovjiČ t Gospa KovaČ: G. KovaČ: Ga. KovaČ: G. Kovač: Peter: G. Kovači Natakar1 G. KovaČ: Natakar > G. Kovači Natakari G. Kov^c* Pgteri Natakari Ga. Kovači Peteri G. Kovač i Peteri G. Kovači Ga. Kovači G. Kovač i Natakar: G. Kovač: Natakari G. Kovač i Natakar: Ga. Kovač i G. Kovač i Natakari Vsi: zame pa biftek na žaru, riž in mešano solato. Radi bi tudi steklenico dobrega slovenskega vina, za otroka pa kozarec malinovca. Kakšno vino bi pa radi? Katerega pa vi priporočate? 0, laski rizling je zelo dober. Dobro, kar tega prinesite, prosim. Zelo sem žejen. Jaz tudi. Bom takoj prinesel. Postrežba je res odlična. Tudi hrana je zelo okusna. Jaz sem se lačen. Ali lahko naročim tudi desert? Kaj bi pa rad? Orehovo torto in sladoled. Kaj pa ti, ženka? Jaz bom pa samo črno kavo brez sladkorja. Saj veš, da sem na dieti. Ti pa tvoja dietaI Jaz bom pa expresso in jabolčni zavitek. Gospod natakar, še desert prosim! Takoj prinesem. Hvala lepa za postrežbo. Ali lahko dobim račun, pr£sim? Da, tukaj je. Prosim, plačajte pri blagajni. Kje pa je blagajna? Tam pri izhodu. Kaj pa napetnina? Imaš prav. Skoraj bi pozabil. Na svidenje! Še pridite! Bomo. Hvala lepa za postrežbo. Na svidenje! Translate the above reading and answer in sentences — Prevedite zgornje berilo in odgovorite v stavkih Kam je šla Kovačeva družina na _ kosilo? _ Zakaj so vsi jedli juho? _ Kakšno juho so jedli? _ Kaj tie naročila gospa Kovač _ za kosalo? -27- Kaj je naročil gospod Kovač? Kaj je naročil PtJter? Kaj so pili? _ Kaj je Peter izbral za desert? _ Zakaj je gospa Kovač vzela samo __ črno kavo za desert? _ Kaj je imel gospod Kovač za _ desert? _ Kakšna je bila postrežba? Kje je gospod Kovač plačal _ račun? _ Kaj bi on skoraj pozabil? _ Kaj je rekel natakar, ko so _ odšli? _ III. EXERCISES -- VAJE A. Read and translate into English — Berite in prevedite v angleščino 1. Danes je zel£ mrzlo. _ 2. Ne morem se odločiti. 3. Ali bi radi še kaj drugega?_ Ali je restavracija "Slon" ______ daleč od tukaj? ______ 5. Ne, cisto blizu je. _ 6. Zelo sem lačen in utrujen. __ 7. Samo žejen sem. 8. Nisem vec lažen. ___ 9. Zelo rad jem ajdove žgane e.______ 10. Kakšno pijaSo bi radi?____ 11. Kaj boste jedli? ___ 12. To mes£ je zelo mastno. _____ 13. Nekaj mrzlega bi rad. 14. Ana je na dieti. Hoče _ shujšati. _ 15. Ali lahko dobim se malo _ kave, prosim? _ 16. Tukaj je prazen kozarec. _ 17. Ali je ta žlica cista? _ 18. On težko je, ker je bolan. _ 19. Skoraj bi pozabil plačati. _ 20. Ta jajca niso sveža. _ 21. Zelo rad jem svež kruh. _ 22. V pekarni smo kupili sveže _ žemlje. _ 23. Mama je spekla odlično co- _ koladno torto za moj rojstni_ dan. _ 24. Rad bi se malo pogrel. _ 25. Zelo je mrzlo zunaj. _ 26. Prosim, prinesj-te mi koza- _ rec dobrega slovenskega vina.._ 27. Gospa Močnik bi pa raje _ vroč caj z limono. _ 28. Želimo mizo za šest. _ 29. Tam pri oknu je še prostor. _ 30. Vi^no je samc> za odrasle, _ mleko pa za otroke. _ 31. Prosim, prinesite nam _ torto in sladoled. _ 32. Tega ni na jedilniku. _ 33» Katero vino je najboljše? _ 34. Nadevano z.elje je inoja naj- _ ljubša jed. _ 35. Zelo rad imam kranjske klo- _ base s hrenom in gorcico. _ 36. Pri nas vsi radi jemo golaž _ in polento. _ 37- Ne jem slaščic. 38. Ali rad ješ pihane piske? _ 39* Solata s kisom in ciljem je _ najboljša. _ 40. Naravna hrana je najbolj _ z drava. _ 41. Rad bi pomarančni sok. _ Ali ga imate? _ 42. Slaščice imajo preveč _ kalorij. _ 43. Zelenjava je bolj zdrava _ kot slaščice. _ 44. Ne pijem vina. _ 45. Raje bi kozarec mrzle vode. _ 46. Hvala za odlično postrežbo. _ 47. Kakšno juho imate najrajši? _ 48. Najraje imam domaČo govejo _ juho z rezanci, _ 49. Ce hočeš biti zdrav, moraš _ j^sti zdravo hrano. _ 50. Ne smem jesti slaščic, ker _ sem se spet zredil. _ B. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedite, v slovenščino 1. May I get the menu, please? _ 2. This is my favorite dish, _ 3. This is not on the menu. _ 4. Do you have vegetable soup? __ 5. No, not today. We only have_ chicken soup with noodles. _ 6. I would like orange juice, _ two hard boiled eggs and _ fresh rolls. _ 7. What kind of coffee do you _ drink? _ 8. I drink coffee with cream _ and sugar. 9. I would like a cup of tea with lemon. 10. This toast is burnt. 11. I prefer white bread. 12. Please give Peter a glass of milk. 13. The meat is not baked enough. 14. Do you like coleslaw? 15. The food is excellent. 16. What kind of a cake is this? 17. What would you like? 18. I don't want to gain weight. 19. Is this tomato juice? 20. Please come again! 21. Sweets have too many calories. 22. Would you like something else? 23. No, thank you. I am full. 24. My mother baked homemade wheat bread. 25. We had fresh rolls for breakfast. 26. Mrs. Hribar works in the bakery. 27. This is only for adults. 28. The cookies are for children. 29. Do you drink wine? 30. We all like Slovenian food. 31. On Sunday we had pork roast, baked potatoes and mixed vegetables for dinner. 32. Which restaurant is the best? 33. You lost weight. 34. Are you hungry? 35. What will you drink? 36. I eat everything. 37. My mother makes the best _ bread dumplings■ _ 38. Do you eat buckwheat mush? _ 39. Yes. I also like corn pone. _ 40. This cake is too sweet for _ me. _ C. Make a short menu of your own for breakfast, dinner and supper Sestavite kratek jedilnik aa za.itrk, kosilo in vecer.io Z a.i trk Kosilo Večerja LESSON FOUR I. THE FORMATION OF THE GENITIVE CASE RODILNIK ~ DRUGI SKLON Before beginning this lesson, please review pages 52 and 53 of Volume I where you will find our master reference sheet of all the cases for all four declensions of the Slovenian noun system. The genitive case, the second case listed, can be seen there in context with all the other cases. A. THE FIRST DECLENSION (Feminine nouns ending in "a") Genitive singular Genitive dual and plural book knjige knjig table mize miz aunt tlte E tet NO ENDING word besede bes&d room sobe sob B. THE SECOND DECLENSION (Feminine nouns ending in a consonant) The second declension nouns ending in "ev" have the same endings in the genitive case as the first declension nouns. For example: Genitive singular Genitive dual and plural church cerkve cerkev „HnTNr peach breskve E breskev NO ENDING prayer molitve molitev Other second declension nouns have the same endings for all three numbers » animal mouse song, poem spring love Genitive singular Živali •»t mi si pesmi I pomladi ljubezni Genitive dual and plural Živali • * T~ misi pesmi I pomladi ljubezni There are some one syllable second declension nouns which have a moveable accent. In these nouns, the last syllable iS>accented in the genitive case. Among the more common nouns belonging to this group are i Genitive singular Genitive dual and plural luSi light meal, dish salt basement bench page, side village worry bone night oven, stove strength, force luci jedi soli kleti klopi strani vasi " skrbi kosti noSi peci moči jedi soli kleti klopi strani vasi skrbi kosti noci »T peci moči C. THE THIRD DECLENSION (Masculine nouns) pencil brother son uncle teacher knife Genitive singular svinčnika brata sina A strica učitelja noza Genitive dual and plural* svinčnikov bratov sinov OV or EV stricev učiteljev nožev A few one syllable masculine nouns have two possible forms in the genitive singular. Among the more common ones are« donation voice castle honey bridge hair dara or daru glasa or glasu grada or gradu meda or medu mosta or mostu lasa or lasu dar£V glasjov gradov mostov las * Masculine nouns will have the "EV" instead of the "OV" ending in the genitive dual and plural when the root word ends in a soft consonant (C, Š, 2, C or J). D. THE FOURTH DECLENSION (Neuter nouns) Genitive singular Genitive dual and plural city gift skirt heart egg mesta mest darila daril krila A kril NO ENDING srca src jajca jajc To some neuter nouns ending in an accented "o" in the nominative singular, "ES" is added to the stem before the case endings. Please study the following nouns« Genitive singular body (telo) telesa pen (pero) peresa tree (drevo) drevesa wheel (koloT kolesa sky (nebo) nebesa Genitive dual and plural teles peres dreves koles nebes (heaven) To some neuter nouns ending in "e" in the nominative singular, "EN" or "ET" is added to the stem before the case endings. Among the more common ones are t name (ime) tribe (pleme) seed (seme) weather (vreme) girl (dekle) calf (teleT infant (dete) Genitive singular imena plemena semena vremena dekleta teleta deteta Genitive dual and plural imen plemen semen deklet telet detet NOTES — OPOMBE The following are some additional notes on the formation of the genitive casei 1. The second declension nouns ending in "EV" happen to have the same endings for the nominative singular and the genitive dual and plural. For example* Breskev je na mizi. A peach is on the table. Pozimi ne jemo breskev. We don't eat peaches in the winter. 2. church song student notebook The semisilent "e" usually drops from the stem before the genitive and other case endings are added. For example* Genitive singular Genitive dual and plural (cerkev) cerkve cerkev(no ending) (pesem) pesmi pesmi (ucenec) ucenca učenčev (zvezek) zvezka zvezkov To most masculine nouns ending in "ra "j" is added to the stem for easier pronunciation before adding the genitive and other case endings* Genitive sugar (sladkor) money (denar) piano (klavir) engineer (inženir) dollar (dolarT paper (papTr) sladkorja denarja klavirja, klavirjev inženirja, inženirjev dolarja, dolarjev papirja, papirjev However, a "j" is not added to the following masculine nouns Genitive večera, veSerov govorov šotorov javorov biserov okvirov virov ending in "rM* evening (veSer) speech (govor) govora, tent (sotor) sotora, maple tree (javor) javora, pearl (biser) bisera, frame (okvir) okvira, source (virT vira» north (sever) severa To the masculine nouns ending in "e," a "t" is added to the stem for easier pronunciation before adding the genitive and other case endings. For example* Genitive (oce) očeta, očetov (Tone) Toneta, Tonetov (France) Franceta, Francetov father Anthony Frank 5. There are a few masculine nouns which do not take an ending in the genitive plural. Please study these nouns* Genitive singular Genitive dual and plural horse (konj) konja konj man (mož) moža moz (men) child (otrok) otroka otrok (children) Some feminine and neuter nouns will insert a vowel in the genitive dual and plural before adding the case endings for easier pronunciation. For example: Genitive singular Genitive dual and plural sister cousin (f.) window letter tree trunk ocean, sea chapter building story, floor Some nouns only following nouns door(s) floor(s) liver(s) lung(s) eyeglasses vacation(s) scissors paints, trousers breast(s) sled(s) sestre sestricne okna pisma debla morje poglavja poslopja nadstropja sester sestričen oken p^sem d.ebel morij poglavi j poslopij nadstropij have the plural form. Please study the 'Nominative plural Genitive plural vr^ta tla jetra pljuča oSala pocitnice škarje hlače prsi sani vrat tal jeter pljuS o5al počitnic skarij hlač prsi sani A few nouns have an irregular genitive case the following nouns: Genitive singular man človeka day dne, dneva lady, Mrs. gospe daughter hčere blood krvi dog psa eye ocesa ear ušesa tooth zoba hair Ijisa or lasu Please study Genitive dual and plural ljudi(men, people) dni gospe hčera psov oci ušes zob las (teeth) THE GENITIVE CASE OF ADJECTIVES Adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number and case. Therefore, if the noun is in the genitive case, the adjective modifying it must also be put into the genitive case. Basically, the endings of adjectives in the genitive case are as follows: The genitive singular ending of adjectives: E — feminine EGA — masculine and neuter The genitive dual and plural ending of adjectives: — for all three genders IH Exam-pies Genitive singular Gen, dual and plural nove hise novih his dobre tete dobrih tet nove obleke novih oblek mojega strica mojih stricev lepega mesta lepih mest ------------------------dveh jajc a new house a good aunt a new dress my uncle a beautiful city two eggs The demonstrative adjectives (this, these) have the following endings in the genitive case* te — feminine singular tega — masculine and neuter singular teh — dual and plural for all three genders Examples , . . . Ne poznam te deklice. I don't know this girl. Ne poznam tega fanta. I don't know this boy. Ne poznam teh ljudi. I don't know these people. THE GENITIVE CASE OF CERTAIN PRONOUNS 1.) Personal pronouns Genitive me me (mene) you te (tebe) her, it je (nje) him, it ga (njega) Accusative me (mene) te (tebe) jo (njo) ga (njega) us two you two them two us you them naju naju vaju vaju jih, ju (njih, nju) jih, ju (njih, nju) nas vas jih (njih) nas vas jih (njih) Notice that the personal pronouns in the genitive case are almost the same as the personal pronouns in the accusative case. The only exception is "her." In the accusative, "her" is translated as "jo,H and in the genitive it is "je." Ali* j^po znaš? Do you know her? (Accusative) Ne, je ne poznam. No, I don't know her. (Genitive) 2.) Interrogative pronouns Genitive Koga? Cesa? Who? — Kdo? What? — Kaj? Examples # Koga ne poznas? C^sa ne razumeš? 3.) Indefinite pronouns "vse* and Norn. Gen, everything -- vse vsega everybody, all — vsi vseh Accusative Koga? Kaj? Whom don't you know? What don't you understand? "vsi" Ne razumem vsega. Ne znam vseh besed. Before we begin a comprehensive study of the many uses of the genitive case, let us see if we can put the following words into the genitive case: Examples The genitive case Translation Singular Dual and plural tree drevo drevesa drevgs house hiša hiše hiš " a good book dobra knjiga dobre knjige dobrih knjig this paper ta papir tega papirja teh papirjev brother ___ ____ sister ______ child _____ pencil _____ newspaper _____ hospital _____ flower _____ basement _____ store______ chair _____ clock _____ teacher (f.J_____ stove, oven_____ friend (m.)_____ year _____ heart ______ city _____ love ___ song _____ floor(s) _____ village _____ tooth _____ man, men _ eye _ pants _ dog _ glass _ spoon _ day _ The genitive case Singular Dual and plural sveže jajce svežega jajca__svežih jajc cista tla_______ lepa pesem _.__ __ velika družina _ _ nova obleka____ _ dober prijatelj ___ _ ta trgovina _____________ mlada učiteljica __ _ dobra peč _ _ zelena klop _______ _ ta stran ___ _ nova beseda ______ _ prazna Časa __ _ majhna soba _ _ moj stric _ _ dobra Sola _ _ odprto okno ________ _ lepo darilo _____ _ rjave hlače __ _ moje škarje_____________ priden otrok _ _ bela srajca _ _ njeno pismo ___ _ dobra bolnica___ slabo vreme _„ _ rdeče krilo___ kranjska klobasa _ _ zdravo srce ________- _ novo kolo _ _ dobra jed _________ _ slovenska pgsem _ _ priden učenec ______ _ rdeča luč __ _ moj zvezek _ _ II. THE USES OF THE GENITIVE CASE RABA DRUGEGA SKLONA A. THE GENITIVE CASE IS USED AS THE DIRECT OBJECT OF NEGATIVE VERBS Examples Ne pijem kave. I don't drink coffee. Nimam denarja. I don't have the money. Nimam rad slaščic. I don't like sweets. Nisem bral te knjige. I didn't read this book. Note However, if the direct object is used with a positive verb, it goes into the accusative case (the fourth case). For example« Pijem kavo. I drink coffee. Imam denar. I have the money. Rad imam slaščice. I like sweets. Sem bral to knjigo. I read this book. Rewrite the following sentences in the negative form — Napišite sledeče stavke v nikalni obliki Examples Kati ima novo obleko. Kati nima nove obleke. Oce pije čaj. Oce ne pjje čaja. Poznam tvojo mamo. _ Danes smo jedli juho. _ Gospod Hribar je kupil nov avto. _ Nas sosed zida novo hišo. _ Peter ima dva strica. _ Otroci radi jejo zelenjavo. _ Mama je kupila svež kruh. _ Vsak dan jemo meso. _ Rabim svinčnik in papir. _ Tone ima dobre prijatelje. _ On ima sorodnike v Sloveniji. ___ Marija ima starejšo sestro. _ Rad jem ribe. _______ Letos imam dolge počitnice. __________ Ob sobotah imamo šolo. __ Imam rdjsČe pero. Poznam tvojo učiteljico. Včeraj sem jo videl. _ B. THE GENITIVE CASE IS USED WITH "NI" MEANING "IS NOT," "ARE NOT," "THERE IS NO(T)," OR "THERE ARE NO(T)" Note "Ni" preceded by a noun denoting a person or an object means that the person or the object is not at the designated place. For example: Mame ni doma. Mother is not at home. Učenčev ni v šoli. The students are not in school. Časopisa ni na mizi. The newspaper is not on the table, Nje ni tukaj. She is not here. The expletive "there" is understood in Slovenian. It is simply omitted in translation. For example i Ni Sasa. There is no time. Ni prostora. There is no room. Zvezd ni na nebu. There are no stars in the sky. Zaves ni na oknu. There are no curtains on the window. Rewrite the following sentences in the negative form — Napišite sledeče stavke v nikalni obliki Examples ^ Gospod Kovač je v pisarni. Gospoda Kovača ni v pisarni. Je vroča voda. Ni vroče vode. Ljudje so v parku. _ Otroci so na vrtu. _ Stric je v bolnici. _ Luc je v sobi. ___ Učitelji so v š.oli. _ Mleko je v hladilniku. _ Ura je na steni. _ Mama je v kuhinji. _ Slike so v dnevni sobi. _ Avto je v garaži. _ Tukaj so svinčniki. _ Sladkor je v kavi. _ Kruh je na mizi. _ Tukaj so stoli. _ V knjižnici so slovenske knjige. _ Koncert je v nedeljo. _ Zvečer bo ples. _ Piškoti so na krožniku. _ C. THE GENITIVE CASE IS USED IN A PARTITIVE SENSE WHEN IT EXPRESSES A PART OP A WHOLE Please study the following list of the most common expressions of quantity which are followed by the genitive case i KOLIKO TOLIKO How much? How many? so much, so many NEXAJ — a few, some VELIKO, MNOGO — a lot, much, many VEfl — more NAJVEČ — the most MALO — a little, a few SAMO MALO —— just a little, just a few ČISTO MALO — very little, only a little bit MA.NJ — less NAJMANJ — the least PRECEJ — quite a lot, pretty much DOVOLJ, DOSTI — enough PAR — a few, a pair ŽLICA — a spoon(ful) PAR ŽLIC — a few tablespoons Koliko otrok imate? How many children do you have? Imam toliko naloge. I have so much homework. Znam nekaj slovenskih besjed. I know a few Slovenian words. Imam veliko dela. V nal£gi je mnogo napak. I have a lot of work. There are many mistakes in the homework. Rabim več Časa. I need more time. Kdo ima največ denarja? Who has the most money? Malo ljudi je prišlo. A few people came. V kozarcu je samo malo mleka. There is just a little milk in the glass. Daj mi čisto malo sladoleda! Give me only a little bit of ice cream! Jej manj slaščic! Eat less sweets! V soboto imam najmanj časa. On Saturday I have the least time. Letos imamo precej snega* We have quite a lot of snow this year. Ali imajo dovolj hrane? Do they have enough food? Sem kupil par novih čevljev, I bought a pair of new shoes. Rabim žlico moke. I need a tablespoon of flour. Na krožniku je par žlic juhe. There are a few tablespoons of soup on the plate. ducat kup košara Škatla vreCa štruca, hleb kos kozarec steklenica — a dozen — a pile — a basket — a box — a sack -- a loaf — a piece — a glass — a bottle skodelica (CaSa)— a cup SKLEDA — a a bowl, dish KROŽNIK — a plate DEL — a a section, part SKUPINA — a group KILOGRAM (KILA) — 2 3 lbs. and ounces LITER NlC* *"Nic" pints and ounces no, none, any, nothing, anything Prinesi ducat jajc! Bring a dozen of eggs! Zunaj je kup snega. There is a pile of snow outside. Tukaj je košara rdečih jabolk. Here is a basket of red apples. Oce je kupil škatlo bonbonov. Father bought a box of candy. Vreča krompirja je v kleti. There is a sack of potatoes in the basement. Kupi štrueo belega kruha! Buy a loaf of white bread! Peter je kos torte. Peter is eating a piece of cake. Pijem kozarec vode. l""am drinking a glass of water. Rad bi steklenico dobrega vina. I would like a bottle of good wine. Raje bi skodelico erne kave. I would prefer a cup of black coffee. Na mizi je skleda svežega sadja. There is a bowl of fresh fruit on the table. Rad bi krožnik vroŽe juhe. I would like a plate of hot soup. Prebral sem en del knjige. I read one part of the book. Skupina študentov je šla v Slovenijo. A group of students went to Slovenia. Mama je kupila tri kile sladkorja. Mother bought three "kilos" of sugar. Naročil je liter vina. He ordered a "liter" of wine. Nimam nic denarja. I don't have any money. always takes a negative verb. 1. "Kilogram" and "liter" are European (metric) measures. American Slovenians very often use the word "funt" for the English equivalent of "pound." For example* Prinesi mi en funt salame! Bring me one pound of salami! Ona je kupila dva funta She bought two pounds of kranjskih klobas. Slovenian (Carniolan) sausages. 2. Never translate the preposition "OF" with an expression of quantity. The preposition is understood. The word following "OF" is put into the genitive case. For example i Ne pijem veliko mleka. I don't drink a lot of milk. Kupi ducat jajc! Buy a dozen of eggs! Rabim kos papirja. I need a piece of paper. 3. The expressions of quantity "MNOGO" and "VELIKO" are synonymous and, therefore, interchangeable. Notice that with the expression of quantity "NlC" a double negative is used in Slovenian. The English and the Slovenian languages differ on this point of grammar. For example* Nimam niS Žasa. I have no time or I don't have any time. Otroci njjnajo nic skrbi. Children have no worries. If "NIC" is not followed by a noun, it is translated as "ANYTHING" or "NOTHING." For example* Nic ne rabim. I don't need anything. Nic ne bom rekel. I won't say anything. Nic nisem slišal. I didn't hear anything or I heard nothing. 5. When the verb "TO BE" refers to such expressions of quantity as "mnogo," "veliko," "malo," "dosti," "precej," etc., which are the equivalents of the singular neuter, it is, for this reason, rendered in the third person, singular (£E rather than SO or N£ rather than NJSO) and followed by the noun in the genitive case. For example* Na naši cesti je mnogo There are many new houses on novih hi§7 our street. V"*trgovini ni danes veliko There are not many people in ljudi. the store today. Dosti je vsega. There is enough of everything. Let's translate the missing words — Prevedimo besede, ki manjkajo Mama je kupila _.(a dozen of eggs) _ je prišlo na koncert. (Many people) Jem ._ (a piece of cake) _ je šla v muzej. (A group of children) Pi. j em _. (a glass of milk) France ima_• (many friends) Oce bi rad . (a bottle of beer) Mojca ima On nima Na naši cesti je Nimam _ Gospod KovaČ nima Otroci nimajo Mama mi je prinesla Nimamo _ Daj mi _ doma. _, prosim. V kleti je je na mizi. Pri nas jemo Ali imate _ Rad bi _ prosim? Prosim daj v kavo. Mama bo kupila Rabim _ za solato * Na naši cesti je Kaj boš pil? _ t prosim. si ze prebral? _ ima konvencijo v Clevelandu. Raje bi _ Mama rabi _ Ne morem pojesti Ali imamo Za kosilo bi rad samo Tukaj je _ Nimam imaš? je najlepši. Ne rabim Moraš jjesti (a box of crayons) (any relatives) (many new houses) (any time) (any money) (any homework) (a cup of tea) (any sausages) (a piece of paper) (a sack of potatoes) (A pile of paper) (a lot of meat) (a glass of water) (a piece of bread) (a tablespoon of sugar) (a basket of cabbage) (a little oil and vinegar) (many trees) (a little bit of wine) (How many books) (A group of engineers) (a cup of coffee) (one pound of sugar) (so much soup) (enough time) (a bowl of salad) (a dozen pencils) (no brothers) (How many uncles and aunts) (This section of the house) (so much hot water) (more vegetables) D. THE GENITIVE CASE IS USED IN THE INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES AFTER THE WORD "KAJ" MEANING "ANY" OR "SOME" Examples Imate kaj denarja? Do you have any money? Si kupil kaj sadja? Did you buy some fruit? Ali je kaj pošte danes? Is there any mail today? However, when "KAJ" stands alone in the interrogative sentences, it is translated as "ANYTHING" or "SOMETHING." Examples Ali kaj rabiš? Do you need anything? Ali bos kaj jedel? Will you eat something? Ali si kaj slišal? Did you hear anything? Translate the following sentences — Prevedite sledeče stavke Does he have any relatives? _ Do you have any homework? _ Do you need any paper? _ Did you read any new books? _ Do you have any brothers or sisters? I didn't say anything. Do you know any Slovenian songs? Do they have any children? E. NUMERALS #5 AND ABOVE TAKE THE GENITIVE CASE. THE VERB IN SUCH A CASE IS ALWAYS IN THE SINGULAR Examples V razredu je dvajset učenčev. There are twenty students in the classroom. V denarnici imam des^t I have ten dollars in (my) dolarjev. wallet. Note Numbers 1 to 4 do not take the genitive. For example: en učenec ena sestra eno drevo dva učitelja dve teti dve peresi trije štoli tri mize tri kolesa štiri zvezki štiri barvice štiri imena However, with number 5 and above, the genitive must be usedi pet učenčev pet uciteljic pet dreves sest stolov sest knjig sest daril deset otrok deset hiš deset mest sto ljudi tisoč zvezd milijon dolarjev Translate the missing words — Prevedite besede, ki manjkajo Sonja ima _. Naša šola ima Tukaj je _ V tvoji nalogi je bilo V hladilniku je _ Stara mana je bila v bolnici Na mizi so Za zajtrk sem pojedel Na vrtu je _ Gospod in gospa Hribar imata Rabim__ Mama je kupila V našem razredu je in Vozili smo se V šolo hodim _ V naši šoli je Na steni so V naši družini sta in Imam m Danes sem se naučil (five brothers) (530 students) (five red pencils) (seven mistakes) (eight eggs) (nine days) (three plates) (two eggs) (ten trees) (five children) (twenty dollars) (ten pounds of sugar) (eleven girls fifteen boys) (eight hours) (ten minutes) (eighteen teachers) (three pictures) (two boys two girls) (one sister two brothers) (ten new Slovenian words) F. THE OBJECTS OF THE FOLLOWING PREPOSITIONS ARE PUT INTO THE GENITIVE CASE: IZ OD DO BREZ ZARADI POLEG or ZRAVEN BLIZU DALEČ OD NAMESTO SREDI or NA SREDI out of , from away from, since up to, to, until without because of, owing to next to, beside near far from instead of in the middle of Examples IZ OD DO out of, from Učimo se iz^napak. Mama je prišla iz trgovine. away from, since, from Od doma grem ob sedmih. Od nedelje te nisem videl. up to, to, until Delam do petih. Grem s tabo do ceste. BREZ ZARADI POLEG or ZRAVEN BLIZU without Sem brez denarja. Prišel je brez nje. because of, owing to Zaradi tebe sem bil pozen. Zaradi bolezni ne more delati. next to, beside Poleg naše hiše je lep park. Kdo je sedel zraven gospe Hočevar? near Stanujemo blizu šole. Naša hiša je blizu ceste. DALEČ OD — far from^ far away from Smo daleč od doma. Stanujemo daleč od trgovin. NAMESTO — instead of Namesto kave bi rs je caj. Namesto darila sem dobil pet dolarjev. SREDI or — in the middle of NA SREDI Sredi kuhinje je velika miza. Sredi noci sem se zbudil. We learn from mistakes. Mother came from the store. I leave home at seven o'clock. I didn't see you since Sunday. I work until five o'clock. I am going with you up to the street. I am without money. He came without her. I was late because of you. He can't work because of illness. There is a beautiful park next to our house. Who sat next to Mrs. Hočevar? We live near the school. Our house is near the street. We are far away from home. We live far away from the stores. I would prefer tea instead of coffee. Instead of a gift I received five dollars. There is a big table in the middle of the kitchen. I woke up in the middle of the night. Translate the missing words — Prevedite besede. Učenci gredo v solo __ Mama je prišla včeraj _ Gospa Kovač je sla _ Šola je zaprta _ Peter je dobil pismo Stanujemo _ Banka je _ Stara mama bo ostala pri nas Pisarna je odprta _ Delam 2e od junija je ki manjkajo (without books) (out of the hospital) (without the husband) (because of bad weather) (from his uncle) (near the church) (next to this store) (until Sunday) (from Monday to Friday) (from eight to four) (without work) G. THE DIRECT OBJECTS OF THE FOLLOWING VERBS ARE PUT INTO THE GENITIVE CASE: UfilTI SE* UDELE2ITI SE IZOGIBATI SE BATI SE SPOMNITI SE VESELITI SE VSE ZAVISI OD to study to attend to avoid to be afraid of to remember to look forward to everything depends on Examples UClTI SE UDELEŽITI SE -- IZOGIBATI SE — to study Učimo se slovenščine. ALi se učiš ruščine? to attend Kdo se je udeležil sestanka? Nismo se udeležili koncerta. to avoid Rad se izogibam prometa. Zaka"J se izogibaš dela? We are studying Slovenian. Are you studying Russian? Who attended the meeting? We didn't attend the concert. I like to avoid traffic. Why do you avoid work? »"Učiti se" takes either the genitive or the accusative case, e.g., Učim se slovenščine (or slovenščino). BATI SE SPOMNITI SE VESELITI SE VSE ZAVISI OD ~ to be afraid of Deklica se boji psov. On se boji očeta. to remember Ne spomnim se vašega imena. Ali se spomnite te pesmi? to look forward to Zelo se veselim poSj^tnic. Otroci se veselijo n ♦ — Boz.ica. everything depends on Vse zavisi od njih. Vse zavisi od tebe. The girl is afraid of the dogs. He is afraid of (his) father. I don't remember your name. Do you remember this song? I am looking forward to vacation very much. The children are looking forward to Christmas. Everything depends on them. Everything depends on you. H. THE GENITIVE CASE IS USED AFTER THE FOLLOWING ADJECTIVES s VREDEN.VREDNA, VREDNO POLN, POLNA, POLNO VAJEN, VAJENA, VAJENO Examples On je vreiden pohvale. Naloga je polna napak. On ni vajen te hrane. — worthy of — full of, filled with — used to, accustomed to He is worthy of praise. The homework is filled with mistakes. He is not used to this food. I. THE GENITIVE CASE IS ALSO USED IN DESCRIBING A PERSON. IS KNOWN AS THE GENITIVE OF DESCRIPTION THIS Note In Slovenian, we have two ways of describing a person i 1.) with the verb "to have" and the accusative case 2.) with the verb "to be" and the genitive case Example Ann has a beautiful face and a slim figure. Ana ima lep obraz in vitko postavo. (Accusative) Ana je lepega obraza in vitke postave. (Genitive) Please study the following key words to describe a person: postava (f.) narava (f.) osebnost (f.) zunanjost (f.) nastop (m.) značaj (m.) — figure — nature, disposition — personality polt — appearance obraz — composure, vedenje bearing or^ — character obnašanje -50- (f.) — complexion (m.) — face (n.) — behavior, manners Accusative case Genitive case Ana imai prijetno osebnost veselo naravo lepo zunanjost (lep nastop) krasen obraz zelo lepo polt v^tlco postavo lepo obnašanje (vedenje) d£bro srce lep značaj Ana je i prijetne osebnosti vesele narave lepe zunanjosti (lepega nastopa) krasnega obraza zelo lepe polti vitice postave lepega obnašanja (vedenja) dobrega srca lepega značaja Listed above are the two different ways of saying that Ann has* a pleasant personality a happy disposition (nature) a nice appearance (bearing) a gorgeous face a very beautiful skin a slim figure nice manners (behavior) a good heart a beautiful character. J. THE GENITIVE CASE IS USED IN DATES Examples March 15th April 3rd September 1st December 25th July 4th petnajstega marca tretjega aprila prvega septembra petindvajsetega decembra četrtega julija 15« marca 3. aprila 1. septembra 25• decembra 4. julija K. THE GENITIVE CASE IS ALSO USED IN MANY PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES BEGINNING WITH "OF" Note The preposition "of" is not translated in these phrases and the word following is placed into the genitive case. Examples župan mesta ravnatelj šole predsednik države člani družine datum rojstva kraj rojstva en teden pocitnic konec filma začetek šole na koncu ceste v začetku leta šopek roŽ Združene države Amerike mayor of the city principal of the school president of the country members of the family date of birth place of birth one week of vacation end of the film beginning of school at the end of the street at the beginning of the year bouquet of flowers United States of America -51- III. EXERCISES — VAJE I. Write the following words in the genitive case — Napišite sledeče besede v drugem sklonu Genitive singular Genitive dual and plural book ____ G _ papers ____R___ aunt _ E__ wheels _ 0___ pencil N gifts D____ village ___ I eyes __I father ___ T _ floors __L salt ___ I days _ N _ tree ___ V___ letters __ I___ sister _ E____ windows _ K__ student, m.____C _ city ____A body ____S _ school ___ E II. Readt translate and encircle all the words in the genitive case Beri, prevedi in obkroži vse besede v drugem sklonu Note Some sentences will contain more than one word in the genitive case. Try also to determine why the genitive case is used in each specific instance. 1. Gospod in gospa Kovač imata _ šest otrok. _ 2. Otroci se bojijo očeta. _ 3. Šola se letos začne petega _ septembra. _ Na mizi je križnik piškotov. _ 5. Kdo je župan vašega mesta? _ 6. Ne spomnim se vašega imena. _ 7. Zaradi slabega vremena ne bo _ piknika. _ 8. Od mame nisem dobil nic pošte._ 9. Peter nima novega kolesa. _ 10. Mi nismo vajeni te hrane. _ 11. Koliko učenčev je v vaši šoli?_ 12. Letos nimam nic pocitnic. _ 13. Ni človeka, ki (who) ne _ naredi napak. _ 14. Moje sestre danes ni doma. _ 15. Nic nimamo mleka doma. _ 16. Ali imas kaj časa danes? _ 17. V nasi družini je pet ljudi. _ 18. Trgovina je odprta od devetih_ zjutraj do šestih zvečer. _ 19. Ali se veselite pocitnic? _ 20. Ana je lepega značaja in _ dobrega srca. _ 21. Ali se rad učiš slovenščine? _ 22. Rad bi ducat jajc. _ 23. Ne jem rib. _ 24. Do petka bom ostal tukaj. _ 25. Koliko bratov in sester imaš?_ 26. Mi smo državljani Združenih _ držav Amerike. _ 27. Rabim dve žlici moke in par _ žlic sladkorja. _ 28. Udeležili se bomo koncerta. _ 29. Ne razumem te besede. 30. Ali imamo kaj s^dja doma? _ 31. Gospod Hribar bi rad škatlo _ cigaret. _ 32. Oce je narjDcil steklenico belega vina. _ 33• Ali se bojiš našega psa? _ 34. Ali je to darilo vredno _ tega denarja? _ 35. Ali imam lahko kos torte? 36. Nismo vajeni takih mrzlih dni. _ 37. Ne rabim plašSa. _ 38. Zakaj ne ješ juhe? 39« Kdo sedi p£leg Marije? _ 40. Rad bi kupil nekaj _ razglednic, _ 41. Peter je vesele narave. _ 42. Kdo ima najveS napak? _ 43. Ali rabiš kaj denarja? _ 44. Tone je dobil par pisem _ od strica Janeza iz _ SIoveni j e. _ 45. Ne poznam teh ljudi. _ 46. Nisem še bral časopisa. _ 47. Ne najdem svojih zvgzkov. _ 48. Oce ima letos pet tednov _ pocitnic. _ 49. Marko je prinesel Miji _ šopek lepih rdečih roz. _ 50. Na naši cesti je veliko _ lepih novih hiš. _ III. Translate into Slovenian— Prevedite v slovenščino 1. I would like a glass of milk._ 2. I don't have enough money. _ 3. She needs five dollars. _ 4. I work until five o'clock. _ 5. I don't have any brothers. _ 6. I don't drink coffee. _ 7. Do we have any bread at home?_ 8. We learn from mistakes. _ 9. I need a piece of paper. _ 10. I eat a lot of fruit and _ drink a lot of milk. _ 11. Mother baked a lot of cookiesj_ 12. There is no hot water. _ 13- She has a nice personality. _ 14. He has many friends. _ 15- I don't have the time. _._ -54- LESSON FIVE I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol trg nagelj krompir zelen fižol grah paradižnik petersilj česen ananas oreh mandelj datelj denar drobiž alkohol uspeh bonbon or bombon kvas sestanek ptiček cevelj odg£vor promet starši Feminine — Ženski spol market carnation potato, potatoes green bean(s) pea(s) tomato parsley garlic pineapple walnut almond date; date tree money change (money) alcohol success candy yeast meeting a small bird shoe answer traffic parents Neuter — jabolko delo sadje grozdje z.el je korenje življenje trpljenje vprašanje Srednji spol — apple — work, job — fruit(s) — grape(s) — cabbage — carrot(s) — life — suffering — question Adjectives — Pridevniki svez, a, e drug, a, o drag, a, o poceni okusen, sna, o krasen, sna, o odličen, čna, o kakšen, sna, o kateri, a, o ti, ta, te fresh, crisp •- other, second - expensive, dear cheap ■- delicious, tasty — gorgeous -- excellent -- what kind of ■- which, which ■- these prodajalka vrtnica breskev hruška marelica češnja č^Šplja or sliva pomaranča limcma banana jagoda borovnica malina brusnica čebula goba paprika kumara (murka)-glava solata spinača rdeča pesa z (jlena zelenjava jablana karfigola or cvetaca redkvica oseba c^na denarnica vreča moka rozina potica kalorija cigareta zavesa zvezda slovnica knjižnica škoda košara košarica ljubezen one clerk rose peach; peach tree pear; pear tree apricot; apricot tree cherry; cherry tree plum; plum tree orange lemon banana strawberry blueberry raspberry cranberry onion mushroom green pepper cucumber head lettuce; salad spinach beet(s) celery vegetable apple tree cauliflower — radish — person — price — wallet, purse — sack, bag — flour — raisin — nut roll — calorie — cigarette — curtain, drape — star — grammar — library — harm, loss — basket — a small basket — love Other words — Druge besede pojesti (pojem) peti (pojem) poskusiti (poskusim) želeti (želim) posaditi (posadim) posedeti (posedim) to eat, to consume to sing to try, to taste to wish, to desire to plant to sit down a little, sitting for a while (I eat) (I sing) (I taste) (I wish) (I plant) to remain (I sit...) k o — when ker — because ampak -- but seveda — of course skoda (adv.) — too bad zunaj — outside nazaj — back saj — flavoring particle which sometimes means "but" Everyday expressions — Vsakdan.ii izrazi na trgu za malico kar zdaj šele še enkrat at the market for a snack right now only, not until once again, once more Vam lahko postrežem? 2al mi je. Obžalujem. Kaj želiš (želite)? Kaj bi rad (radi)? Koliko stane? To je predrago. Res je. To je res. Daj mi (dajte mi), prosim .. §e kaj drugega? tam v kotu Kar tiho bodi! Takoj vam pripravim. Koliko vam dolgujem? Kar vzemite ga (jo)! May I help you? I am sorry. I regret. What do you wish? What would you like? How much does it cost? This is too expensive. It's true. This is true. Please give me ... Anything else? there in the corner Just be quiet! I'll get it ready for you immediately. How much do I owe you? Just take it! Prodajalka* Gospa Čuk t Prodajalka: Gospa Guk: II. TWO READINGS — DVE BERILI Na trgu Dober dan, gospa! Vam lahko kaj postrežem? Imam veliko svežega sadja in zelenjave • Da, prosim! Imate kaj sliv ali marelic? Zelo rada bi naredila cešpljeve ali marelicne cmoke za večerjo. Žal mi je, gospa. Slive bomo šele jutri dobili, marelic pa letos niŠ ni. Imam pa veliko drugega sadja. Želite kaj jabolk, hrušk, breskev, pomaranč, limon, banan ali grozdja? Koliko stane en funt hrušk, prosim? -56- Prodajalka* Gospa Čuk 2 Prodajalkai Gospa Cukt Prodajalka t Gospa Cukt Metka « Prodajalka« M^tka t Prodajalka« Gospa Čuk* Prodajalka« Gospa Cuk« Prodajalka« Gospa Ciik t Prodajalka« Gospa Čuk« Prodajalka« Gospa Cuki Prodajalka« Gospa Čuk« Prodajalka« Metka t Šestdeset centov, gospa. Koliko pa stane košara jabolk? Samo dva dolarja in pol, gospa. 0, to je predrago. Res je drago, ampak sadje je zelo okusno in sveže. Prosim, dajte mi dva ducata pomaranč, tri limone, tri funte breskev in dva funta hrušk. Tudi eno košaro jabolk bom vzela. Mamica, ali lahko kar zdaj poskusim eno hruško ali eno breskev? Zelo sem lačna. Tukaj je ena velika hruška zate. Kar pojej jo! Hvala lepa, gospa. Želite tudi kaj grozdja ali banan? Ne, hvala. Pri nas nimamo radi banan, grozdje je pa še predrago. Tudi lepe rdeče jagode imam in sveže borovnice. Jih kaj želite? Da, prosim dajte mi košarico jagod. Otroci jih imajo tako zelo radi. Rabite tudi kaj zelenjave? Seveda. Pri nas pojemo veliko zelenjave. Dajte mi prosim deset funtov krompirja in pet funtov čebule. Se kaj drugega? Da, rada bi tudi en funt zelenega fižola in en funt svežega graha. Tukaj je vse. Bi radi še kaj ? Imate kaj svežih gob? Ne danes. Obžalujem. Skoda. Kaj pa še imate? Tukaj so lepi rdeči paradižniki, velike zelene paprike in redkvice. Imam tudi sveže kumare, krasno solato, svežo špinaco, korenje, rdečo peso in zeleno. Tam v kotu sta pa tudi zelje in cvetača. Mamica, lepo prosim,ne kupi nič špinače! Saj veš, -57- Gospa čuk: Prodajalkai Gospa Cuk: Prodajalka i Gospa Cukt Prodajalka« Gospa Čuki Prodajalka: Gospa Cuk: Prodajalka i Metka t Encircle all da je nic radi ne jemo. Tudi zelja nimamo radi. Kar tiho bodi, Metka! Vsa zelenjava je zdrava. Dajte mi prosim par paradižnikov, nekaj paprik, dve glavi solate in eno glavo zelja. Tudi tri kumare bi rada. Dobro, gospa. Tako.j vam vse pripravim. Tukaj imate. Skoraj bi pozabila! Rabim cisto malo petersilja. Ali ga imate? Seveda. Tam v košari je. Kar vzemite ga! Koliko vam dolgujem za vse? Vse skupaj je sedemnajst dolarjev in petinšestdeset centov. Tukaj je dvajset dolarjev. Takoj dobite nazaj drobiž. Hvala. Nasvidenje. Hvala vam, gospa. Nasvidenje, pa še pridite! Nasvidenje in še enkrat hvala za hruško. the words in the reading which are in the genitive case. Answer the following questions based on the above reading: Kam je šla gospa Cuk? Kdo je šel z gospo Cuk? Katerega sadja nima prodajalka? Katero sadje pa ima prodajalka? Kaj je dala prodajalka Metki? Zakaj gospa Cuk ni kupj.la nic banan? Katero sadje otroci zelo radi jejo? Koliko krompirja in čebule je kupila gospa Cuk? Katere zelenjave nima Metka rada? Koliko je plačala gospa Cuk za sadje in zelenjavo? Read and encircle all the words in the genitive case in the following reading — Beri in obkroži vse besede v rodilniku Potica Mame ni doma. Sla je v trgovino. Kupila bo nekaj mesa, malo sadja in veliko zelenjave. Prinesla bo tudi vrečo moke, pet funtov sladkorja, pol kile masla, tri ducate jajc, malo kvasa, dva litra mleka, nekaj rozin in veliko orehov. Ko pride domov, bo spekla potico. Pri nas jo vsi radi jemo, ampak je ne smemo preveč, ker ima toliko kalorij. Ali jo tudi vi radi jeste? III. EXERCISES — VAJE I. Match — Izberi pravo besedo 1. milk * s mleko a. počitnice 2. snack b. denarnica 3. gift c. steklenica 4. bottle a. vino 5. flower d. zvezda 6. flour e. obleka 7. vacation f. darilo 8. money g. kava 9. wallet h. kozarec 10. cake i. roza 11. wine j. srajca 12. child k. torta 13. star 1. soba 14. sky m. kruh 15. dress, suit n. drevo 16. room 0. čaj 17. tea p. cas 18. cup r. mesto 19. glass s. denjir 20. shirt ♦ s. mleko 21. bread t. skodelica 22. city u. nebo 23. tree v. otrok 24. time 25. coffee 1. everything 2. but 3. or 4. and 5. excellent 6. shoes 7. delicious 8. of course 9. good 10. healthy 11. other, second 12. how much 13• answer 14. relative 15. too bad 16. family 17• egg 18. fault, mistake 19. toy 20. library 21. birthday 22. glass 23. water 24. sugar 25. at our house 1. peas 2. beans 3« pear 4. potato 5• orange 6. cabbage 7. mushroom _ z. moka __ž. malica * * __a. zdrav __b. koliko _ c. pri nas _ 5. sorodnik __d. drug __e. seveda _ f. Škoda __g. voda __h. ali __i. jajce __j. kozarec __k. odličen __1. sladkor __m. ampak __n. napaka __o. vse __p. igrača __r. okusen __s. knjižnica __š. dober __t. in __u. rojstni dan __v. odgovor __z. družina __ž. čevlji * * __a. limona __b. zelenjava __c. paradižnik __c. čebula __d. paprika __e. cvetača __f. trg -60- 8. OPI e-ry S. jabolko 9. h. pomaranča 10. vegetable(s) i. fižol 11. pepper j. sadje 12. beets k. sliva 13. onion 1. grah 14. lettuce m. korenje 15. fiueumber n. zelena 16. plum 0. solata 17. market P. glava 18. spinach r. goba 19. cauliflower s. kumara (murka) 20. carrots ♦ s. rdeča pesa 21. lemon t. spinaca 22. head u. grozdje 23. apple V. hruška 24. tomato z. krompir 25. fruit z. zelje II. Let us review the genitive case — Ponovimo druel sklon A. THE GENITIVE CASE IS USED* 1. AS THE DIRECT OBJECT OF NEGATIVE VERBS 2. WITH "NI" MEANING "IS NO(T)," "ARE NO(T)" 3. AFTER PARTITIVE EXPRESSIONS (EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY) 4. AFTER THE QUESTION WORD "KAJ" MEANING "ANY" OR "SOME" 5. AFTER NUMERALS #5 AND ABOVE 6. AS THE OBJECT OF CERTAIN PREPOSITIONS (iz, od, do, brez, zaradi, poleg, zraven, blizu, daleč od, namesto, na sredi) 7. AS THE DIRECT OBJECT OF CERTAIN VERBS (uSiti se, udeležiti se, izogibati se, bati se, spomniti se, veseliti se, vse zaviseti od) 8. AS THE GENITIVE OF DESCRIPTION 9. AFTER CERTAIN ADJECTIVES (poln, vreden, vajen) 10. IN DATES 11. IN ISOLATED PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES BEGINNING WITH "OF" B. Encircle all the words in the genitive case, indicate the reason for the genitive by using the corresponding numbers found in section A of the preceding page and translate the sentences into English Examples Staršev ni doma. Oni imajo šest otrok. Ali imas kaj drobiža? Brez dela ni uspeha. 1. On nima nic sorodnikov. 2. Ni življenja brez trpljenja. (2) The parents are not at home. (5) They have six children. (4) Do you have any change? ("6, 2) Without work there is no success• 3. Mama je prinesla veliko sadja_ iz trgovine. _ 4. Oce ni kupil novega avta. _ 5- Rabim kos zelenega papirja. _ 6. Ne poznam tvoje mame. __ 7. Pri nas nimamo psa. _ 8. Prosim, daj mi kozarec mrzle _ vode. _ 9. Nisem dobil njenega pisma. _ 10. On nima veiiko prijateljev. _ 11. Moj brat ne je jajc. _ 12. V Sloveniji zidajo veliko ___ novih modernih hiš. _ 13« Od ponedeljka do petka delam ____ do štirih popoldne. ___ 14. Koliko otrok je v vaši ___ družini? ______ 15« Imam pismo od moje prija-____ teljice iz Slovenije. _ 16. Življenje brez ljubezni je___ kakor leto brez poletja. _ 17. Nimam nic domače naloge. _ 18. Otroci imajo preveč igrač. _ 19. Naša mama ne pije kave. ______ 20. Otroci so prinesli mami _________ ducat rdečih nageljev za _ rojstni dan. -62- 21. Avta ni v garaži. 22. Ta hiša nima velikih oken. 23. Na krožniku je še par zlic juhe. 24. Ali imaš kaj bratov in sester? 25. Teta je prinesla košaro lepih rdečih jabolk. 26. Brez dela ni uspeha. 27. Ali se ze veselite pocitnic? 28. Peter nima dežnega plaŠca. _ 29. Stric Janez je posadil pet jablan in šest hrušk. 30. Nletka bi rada kozarec mleka. 31. Sveti Miklavž prinese pridnim otrokom mnogo lepih daril. 32. Na mizi je steklenica dobrega belega vina. 33. Za malico smo dobili kos torte in kozarec pomarančne ga soka. 34. Ne razumem tega vprašanja. 35. Učitelj nima rad slabih učenčev. 36. Prosim, daj mi kos belega kruha. 37. Otroci imajo vedno mnogo vprašanj. 38. On ima pet novih srajc. 39. Ne vem vseh odgovorov. 40. Tvoja sestra je zelo prijetne osebnosti. 41. Marjanca ima veliko novih oblek. 42. Mama je kupila Mo^jci par lepih rjavih čevljev. 43. Janez večkrat pride v šolo brez knjig, zvezkov, peres in svinčnikov. 44. Kdo sedi. zraven nje? 45. Ne najdem čistega kozarca. 46. Naša hiša ima deset sob. 47. Zdravnika še ni tu. 48. Ptičkov ni na drevesu. 49. Ne pijem alkohola. 50. Ni človeka brez napak. 51. Koliko slovenskih besed ze znaš? 52. Ali se boste udeležili sestanka danes zvečer? 53' Ali rabiš kaj papirja? 54. Moj rojstni dan je petega marca. 55- Nic ne vidim brez ocal. 56. Stara mama je spekla mnogo piškotov. 57« Mija je zelo dobrega srca, 58. Oce je prinesel mami šopek rdečih vrtnic. 59. Kdo ti je dal toliko bombonov? 60. Imam petindvajset dolarjev. 61. Tebe se spomnim, nje pa ne. 62. Ob nedeljah ni veliko prometa v mestu. 63. Marko se boji psov. 64. Nismo vajeni tako mrzle zime 65. Jimmy Carter je devetin-trideseti predsednik Združenih držav Amerike. C. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedite v slovensSino 1. I don't have the time today. _ 2. My father is not at home. 3. Our house has eight rooms. _ 4. I don't have any homework. _ 5. We eat a lot of vegetables. _ 6. Children drink a lot of milk,__ 7. I don't like coffee. _ 8. She doesn't like eggs. „ 9. There is no hot water. _ 10. Our library has many new _ books. _ 11. I didn't read this book. _ 12. He left without his coat. _ 13. He doesn't know my parents. _ 14. Mrs. Hribar came out of the _ hospital yesterday. _ 15. There will be no school __ because of bad weather. __ 16. I don't know these words. 17. Mary is sitting next to _ (her) mother. _ 18. We don't have enough time. _ 19. I don't see them. _ 20. Do you need anything? „ 21. I don't hear anything. _ 22. I won't see Ann until _ Sunday. _ 23. There is a lot of traffic. _ 24. Do you have any relatives _ in Slovenia? _ 25» He'll come on June 10th. _ 26. You don't need a coat. _ 27. I don't like these shoes. _ 28. I don't know the answer. _ III. You will be able to find forty-eight Slovenian words which we have studied in this lesson in the following "word finder. When you find each one, encircle it in the puzzle and then write it next to its English counterpart below. V spodnji "Srkgynici" baste n^Sli 48 slovgnskih besgd, ki smo se jih naučili v tej^lekciji. Ko najdete slovensko besedo, jo obkrožite v "crkovnici" in potem napišite poleg ustrezne angleške besede spodaj* B 0 R 0 V N I C A S D R 0 B I 2 C 0 G I J S R S A D J E S B T P A R A D I 2 N I K R 0 Z E E S P A P R I K A 2 T K A R p I J 0 L A B S B e Z E L J E M R D E C A Z p E S A 0 L H K A N E C g E G T C C E B U L A 2 T C N P Z E T V <5 S 2 T R G 0 A E I M T Z A <5 S P N J V C R A N E D 0 Z 2 A U 0 A B C C E S N J A C Z E L E N A Z B C L M E S 0 S S T R M N L A Z C S E I J D N 0 P L K L T V S Z 0 2 M I V B A D 0 G A J A J C E T 0 R C E S Z S T M I K 0 R E N J E P A V K V A S v S Z I 2 0 0 L P T C A N A N A B C 0 Š E I, /L )t A N K 0 N S Z 5 <5 K T L K R 0 M P I R/ 'k A C A u S A P 0 M A R A N C A L U L V/ R N I C B I 0 Z E L E N J A V A K E I/ 4l 0 A E N I P A C R 2 C 2 0 U A I J 0 Z A M K S t A D A D E N A R N I C A T S V U B U 0 M K V T L M N E K C M P/ H R U S K A R P I 0 A I E M S H L C N G C B 0 M B 0 N V B t E R L P t I C E K D P R 0 D A J A L K A Z (A B 0 G) mushroom -- goba (backwards) spinach -- spinaca apple banana beet(s) bird (small) blueberry butter cabbage candy carrot(s) cauliflower celery change cherry clerk cranberry cucumber egg flour fruit(s) grape(s) head lemon lettuce market meat meeting milk money "nut roll" onion orange peach pear pea(s) pepper (green). person plum potato(es) raisin strawberry sugar tomato vegetable(s) wallet walnut yeast I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol milijonar svet klavir uspeh sneg diamant bazen gaj raj naslov revež bogataš Bog Feminine — sreca^ nesreča vijolina čokolada planina gora dolina luna Adjectives — Pridevniki millionaire world piano success snow diamond swimming pool grove paradise address a poor man a rich man God Ženski spol — happiness, -- bad luck, -- violin -- chocolate -- mountain -- mountain -- valley -- moon Neuter — Sredn.ii spol delo letalo bogastvo sonce • »* » igrišče morje življenje veselje work plane, airplane wealth; riches sun playground oceani sea life joy, delight Verbs — Glagoli (zamudim) zamuditi pozdraviti smučati se odgovoriti vprašati (pozdravim) (se smučam) (odgovorim) (vprašamT bogat, a, o reven, vna, o pošten, a, o zaspan, a, o slep, a, o srečen, čna, o vesel, a, o pozen, zna, o dolg, a, o skromen, mna, o luck accident — rich — poor — honest — sleepy — blind — happy — glad, merry — late — long — modest, moderate Other words — Druge besede če, a, ako čeprav ampak kar kdor kdo kdo? kot tako poleti vsak dan enkrat samo, le še na svetu po svetu v bogastvu v revščini v življenju to miss, to be late to greet to ski to answer to ask Everyday expressions — Vsakdanji izrazi Hvala Bogu: Je treba ... Kaj je novega? Nic ne bi pomagalo. Thank God! It is necessary ... What's new? Nothing would help, of no use.) if although but whatever whoever someone who? as, like so in the summer every day once only even, again, still, yet, more in the world around the world in wealth in poverty in life miss) greet) ski) answer) ask) (It would be II. THE CONDITIONAL « POGOJNIK The conditional form of the verb is composed of the PAST ACTIVE PARTICIPLE (the same participle used to form the past and the future tenses) and the helping word "BI." The helping word "BI" remains unchanged for all persons and numbers. It is translated by "if ... were" or "would" or "should." POSITIVE Singular Mase.i (jaz, ti, on) bi pel — (I, you, Fem.i (jaz, ti, ona) bi vedela — (I, you, Neu.t (ono) bi delalo ~ (it) Dual Mase.t Fem. i Neu. t Plural Masc.i (mi, vi, oni) bi prišli Fem.i (me, ve, one) bi spale Neu.t (ona) bi delala NEGATIVE he) would sing she) would know would work (midva, vidva, onadva) bi šla (we, you, they two) would go (mXdve, vTdve, onidve) bi bili (we, you, they two) would be (onidve) ~ bi bili (they two) would be they) would come they) would sleep would work Singular Mase.t bi ne pel or ne bi pel Fem.i bi ne sla or ne bi sla Neu.t bi ne bilo or ne bi bilo Dual Mase.t bi ne prinesla Fem.t ne bi razumeli Neu. t bi ne bili Plural Mase.t ne bi kupili Fem.t bi ne dale Neu.i ne bi bila Examples Ce bi vedelj bi vam povedal. Ce bi poslusal, bi slišal, fle ne bi imela, ne bi dala. Kaj bi vi rekli? Kdo bi to naredil? Jaz ne bi šel. Kaj bi rad (radi)? Rad bi nekaj za piti. Moral bi ga vprašati. On ne bi nic dal. (we, you (we, you - (they) INTERROGATIVE Singular Ali bi pel? Ali bi sla? Ali bi bilo? JU.i bi prinesla? Ali bi razumeli? Ali bi bili? Ali bi kupili? Ali bi dale? Ali bi bila? If I knew, I would tell you. If you listened, you would hear. If she didn't have (it), she wouldn't give (it). What would you say? Who would do this? I wouldn't go. What would you like? I would like something to drink. I should have asked him. He wouldn't give anything. NOTES ~ OPOMBE 1. You may invert the word order in the conditional! pel bi or bi pel — (I, you, he) would sing ne bi sel or bi ne sel — {I, you, he) wouldn't go dala bi or bi dala — (I, you, she) would give rekli bi or bi rekli — (we, you, they) would say ne bi spali or bi ne spali — (we, you, they) wouldn't sleep 2. It should be noted that, in Slovenian,^the conditional mood is used in both clauses« in the "if (ce) clause and in the main or the principal clause. For example i Ce bi imel denar, bi kupil nov avto. If I had the money, I would buy a new car. Ce bi imel cas, bi sel na koncert. If I had the time, I would go to the concert. In the two examples above, notice that in the Slovenian sentences, the conditional form of the verb is used also in the "if" clause, whereas, in English, the past tense is used in the "if" clause. 3. Notice that personal pronouns are usually omitted in the conditional. Thus, the same conditional sentence could be translated in various ways depending entirely on the context of the conversation. For example: Če bi poslušal, bi slišal. If I listened, I would hear. If you listened, you would hear. If he listened, he would hear. All three translations of the above sentence are equally correct. The context of the conversation would determine the appropriate one. The "if" clause is introduced in Slovenian usually by the little word "ce." Very rarely, "ce" is replaced by "ko" or "ako." CE, KO, and AKO are synonyms, but CE is definitely the most often used of the three. For example t Ce ne bi imel tako dobrih staršev, ne bi bil to, kar sem. Ko ne bi imel tako dobrih star|ev, ne bi bil to, kar sem. Ako ne bi imel tako dobrih staršev, ne bi bil to, kar sem. All three sentences above are translated as follows t If I didn't have such good parents, I would not be what I am. 5. The uses of the conditional* a. The most frequent use of the conditional is, of course, in the typical conditional sentences with the "if" clause and the principal clause. For example* Ce bi vedel, bi ti povedal. If I knew, I would tell you. Ce ne bi razumel, bi te If I didn't understand, I vprašal. would ask you. b. The conditional is also used with the idiomi BI RAD(A.I), meaning WOULD LIKE Examples Rad bi vedel, kam grel. I would like to know where you are going. Mi bi radi prišli. We would like to come. Peter bi vam rad pomagal. Peter would like to help you. c. The conditional is used also with OUGHT or SHOULD in contrast to MUST. It is expressed in Slovenian with "BI MORAL" followed by the infinitive. For example i Jaz bi vam moral povedati. I should have told you. Mojca bi te morala Maria should have waited for počakati. you. Starši bi morali vedeti, The' parents ought to know kje so otroci. where their children are. d. The conditional is used with the word "SKORAJ" meaning NEARLY or ALMOST. For example t Skoraj bi padel. I nearly fell. Skoraj bi umrla. She nearly died. Skoraj bi imeli nesrečo. We almost had an accident. Skoraj bi pozabil. I almost forgot. e. The conditional is used with the idiomatic expression "DA BI VSAJ" or "CE BI VSAJ" which means literally "that (it) would at least" or "may (it)" but idiomatically it may also express hope or anxiety. Here are some examples i Da vi vsaj kmalu deževalo! If it would only rain soon! Da bi oče vsaj km^lu prisel. If at least my dad would come soon! Da bi vsaj poklical, da bo pozno prišel. He should at least have called that he would come late or If he at least called (and told us) he would be late. In addition to the present conditional which we have just discussed, there is also the past conditional, sometimes called the pluperfect conditional, which is not used very frequently in spoken Slovenian. It is composed of the present conditional (BI BIL,A,0) and the PAST ACTIVE PARTICIPLE. For examplet (jaz) bi bil dal — I would have given (ti) bi bil spal — you would have slept (ona) bi bila rekla — she would have said (mi) bi bili slišali — we would have heard (one) bi bile spekle — they would have baked Marija bi vas bila poklicala, Mary would have called you, če bi bila vedelaT da ste if she had known that you were doma. at home. Oce bi bil dal denar. Če bi (My) father would have given the ga bil kdo vprašal. money, if someone had asked him. III. EXERCISES — VAJE I. Put the following verbs into the conditional — Postavi sledeče glagole v pogofini naklon Conditional Translation rečemo bi rekli__we would say poslušate _ _ on da _ _ jemo _ _ im^te _ _ ona gre _ _ spim _ _ pojejo _ _ pojejo _ _ razumeš _ _ gledam _ _ pomagata _ _ ona pozabi _ _ ne znamo _ _ ne vem _ _ nisem _ _ so plesali _ _ smo prišli _ _ ste govorili _ _ so želeli _ _ je pila _ _ je našel _ _ ste videli _ _ sem vprašal _ _ si razumel _ _ nisi govoril _ _ boste spali _ _ bom obiskal _ _ bova kupila _ _ bo poslušala _ _ bo kuhala _ _ bodo povabili _ _ -72- Conditional Translation bom ----- boš pisal _____— boste šli ____ bodo imeli ___ Past Conditional Translation sem hodil bi bil hodil__would have walked misliš _ _ bomo stali _ _ bosta ostala _ _ ni plesal _ ____ zmagamo _ _ je živela _ _ bo poklical _ _ se igrajo _ __ smo poslali _ _ II. Translate the following sentences into English — Prevedite sledeče stavke v angleščino 1. Vsak dan bi igral vijolino, ____ če bi jo imel. _______ 2. Kupil bi novo kolo, Če bi ______ imel dovolj denarja. _ 3. Ce bi učenci poslušali gospo _ učiteljico, bi razumeli ______— lekcijo. _______ Ce bi ga videl, bi mu povedal._ 5. Ce bi bilo lepo vreme, bi otroci šli na igrišče. 6. Lepo bi bilo na svetu, če bi bili vsi ljudje pošteni. 7. Oče bi šel v službo, Če bi ne bil bolan. 8. Vsi bi prišli, če ne bi deževalo. 9* Oce bi posadil nekaj dreves, Če bi imeli velik vrt. 10. Bi pil, ce bi bil Žejen. 11. Vsi bi radi peli, ce bi kdo igral na klavir. 12. Zelo bi bili veseli, ce bi vas videli. 13. Lepo bi bilo, ce bi pisali stari mami za rojstni dan. 14. Lepo bi bilo pri nas, ce bi oce še živel. 15. Ce bi vedel, da si bolan, bi te obiskal. 16. Ce bi znal, bi govoril po slovensko. 17. Ce bi me bil zjutraj poklical, da prideš, bi te bil počakal. 18. Ko bi Janez imel denar, bi ti ga posodil. 19. Ce bi imel Čas, bi ti pisal. 20. Ce bi te čakal, bi zamudil avtobus. 21. Rad bi kozarec mleka, prosim! 22. Ce bi znal plavati, bi šel na morje. 23. Ce bi vsak dan brali časopis, bi vedeli, kaj je novega po svetu. 24. Ce bi mama znala šivati, ne bi kupila oblek v trgovini, 25. Ce bi bilo dovolj snega, ki se otroci smučali. 26. Ce bi ga poznal, bi ga pozdravil. 27. Ce bi iskal, bi našel. 28. Kam bi rad šel danes? 29. Ce bi odprl okno, bi bilo ___ premrzlo. _ 30. Ce bi pil Srno kavo, ne bi___ bil zaspan. __ 31. Ce bi tvoj oSe še živel,____ bi bil vesel tvojega uspeha. __ 32. Rad bi šel v knjižnico. _ 33. Ucenci bi se morali vec _ učiti. _ 34. Nic ne bi pomagalo, Se bi _ kaj rekel. _ 35. On bi nas moral počakati. _ 36. Ce bi ga bil videl, bi ga _ bil vprašal. _ 37. Skoraj bi prišel prepozno. __ 38. Skoraj bi te pozabil _ poklic at i. _ 39. Oni ne bi prišli. _ 40. Ti ne bi razumel. _ III. Translate into Slovenian ~ Prevedite v BlovenSžino 1. If you looked for the pen, __ you would find it. _ 2. We would eat if we were _ hungry. _ 3. They would dance if they _ knew how. _ 4. If you had the time, I would __ invite you. _ 5. I would like a cup of tea. _ 6. What would she say? _ 7. What would you do? _ 8. I wouldn't go. ___ 9. You ought to tell her. _ 10. The children would be sad ___ if we didn't have a dog. _ IX, We would go if we had the time. 12. I would drink if I had some water. 13. I would ask if I didn't understand. 14. I would like to speak with you. 15* I should have known. 16. We should have asked. 17. I would write to you if I knew your address. 18. I would be late if I walked. 19. If we didn't go to the _ concert, we would watch _ television. _ 20. We would like to go to _ Slovenia in the summer. _ IV. READING — BERILO Ce bi bil ... Očka je mislili "Ce bi bil milijonar, bi bilo zelo lepo. Živel bi brez dela in brez skrbi. Vsak dan bi igral golf. Veliko bi potoval in šel bi na dolge počitnice." Mainica je mislila: "Ce bi bili bogati, bi bila vesela. Nič ne bi kuhala. Vsak dan bi šli v restavracijo. Vse bi kupila, kar bi želela. Veliko novih oblek bi imela in diamantov ..." Janezek pa je vprašal« "Očka, zakaj nismo mi milijonarji? Ce bi imeli veliko denarja, ne bi bilo treba iti v šolo. Imeli bi tri avte, bazen, veliko bombonov in čokolad, še letalo bi lahko kupili." OČka pa je rekel: "Hvala Bogu, da nismo milijonarji! Čeprav bi imeli veliko denarja, ne bi bili tako. srečni, kot smo sedaj. V bogastvu ni sreče, ampak v skromnem, poštenem življenju!" Find all the verbs in the conditional and answer the following ^ questions -- Poišči v berilu vse pogojnike in odgovori na sledeča vprašanja Kako bi živel očka, če bi bil ______ mili j onar? _______- Cesa ne bi mamica vec delala, ___ če bi bila boggta? -.--—— Kaj bi mamica kupila, ce bi imela_______ veliko denarja? _______ Kaj pravi Janezek, da bi imeli,____ če bi bili milijonarji? ______ Kaj je očka odgovoril? V. SONG — PESEM Le enkrat bi videl Le enkrat bi videl, kak* sonce gor gre, bi videl, kak* luna, kak* zvezde bleste! ... Blind girl, by Fran Tratnik Le enkrat bi videl to modro nebo., zeleno planino in belo goro! ... Le enkrat bi videl dolino in gaj, oh, blagor, veselje, kdor vidi ta raj! If only the sunrise Were I able to see, The moon and the stars All shining with glee! ... If but for a moment I'd see the blue sky, Green hills and white mountains! I can't see you! Why? ... If once only our valley And grove I could see, What joy and elation Would this bring to me! ... I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol dež konec promet ključ pločnik hladilnik štedilnik sprehod nebotičnik razgled muzaj" župgn čoln predal žep frizer zrak običaj grad spominČek krožnik Indijgnec prebivalec v^tez razn end traffic key sidewalk refrigerator stove stroll, walk skyscraper view museum mayor boat drawer pocket barber air custom castle souvenir plate an Indian inhabitant knight Neuter — Srednji spol glavno mgsto — jgzero ®£>rje kosalo neba, nebasa — ima nadstropje stanovanje pritličje stranišče capital city lake sea, ocean dinner sky, heaven name floor, story apartment, residence ground floor lavatory, restroom Other words — Druge bes?no) (midva) (vidva) (onadva) (mi) (vi) (oni) In the negative form, "ne" is usually placed between "se" and the verb. For example 1 se bojim or bojim se — I am afraid se bojiš or bojiš se — you are afraid se boji or boji se — he, she, it is afraid se bo jiva or bojiya se — we two are afraid se bojita or bo jita se — you two are afraid se bojita or bo jita se — they two are afraid se bo jimo or bo jimo se — we are afraid se bojite or bojite se — you are afraid se bojijo or bojijo se — they are afraid Nic se ne bojim. Marko se ne igra. Ucenci se ne učijo radi. In conjugating a reflexive or "si" precedes the verb the verb is preceded by a Marko se boji psa. Metka se uci slovenščine. Zakaj se jokaš? Ali se spomniš? Kdo se smeji.? Ali se znas kotalkati? I am not afraid at all. Mark isn't playing. The students don't like to study. verb in the present tense, "se" when the subject is expressed or when question word. For example t Mark is afraid of the dog. Margaret is studying Slovenian. Why are you crying? Do you remember? Who is laughing? Do you know how to roller skate? -96- However, when the subject is not expressed, or when the verb is a response to a question, the reflexive pronoun "se" or "si" may either precede or follow the verb. For example« or or or or se spomnim se bojim. se učim. se igram. I remember. I am afraid. What are you doing? I am studying. I am playing. Spomnim se Bojim se Kaj delaš? Učim se Igram se PAST TENSE (jaz) (ti) (on) (ona) (ono) (midva) (vidva) (mi) (vi) (oni) ♦Notice the slight change in the position of person, singular. For example« On se je bal or bal se je, He was afraid. but not On je se bal or bal je se. Other examples» Jaz sem se oblekel or oblekel sem se. — • • .. _ ___• T ____T ~ j — — sem se bal or bal sem se — si se bal or bal si se — se je bal* or bal se je — se je bala or bala se je — se je balo or balo se je — sva se bala or bala sva se — sta se bala or bala sta se — sta se bgla or bala sta se — — smo se bali or bali smo se — ste se bali or bali ste se — so se bali or bali so se — was afraid "se" in the third Ti si se umil or umil si se On se je počesal or počesal se je. Mi smo se drsali or drsalT smo se. FUTURE TENSE (jaz) (ti) (on) (ona) (ono) se bom bal or bal se bom se boš bal or bal se boŠ se bo bal or bal se bo se bo bala or bala se bo se bo balo or balo se bo se bova bala or bala se bova — se bosta bala or bala se bosta — se b£sta bala or bala se bosta — (mi) se bomo bali or bali (vi) se boste bali or bali (oni) se bodo bali or bali se bomo se boste — se bodo or-bojo I dressed myself. You washed yourself. He combed himself. We were skating. I shall be afraid you'll be afraid he'll be afraid she will be afraid it will be afraid we two shall be afraid you two will be afraid they two will be afraid i we shall be afraid you will be afraid they will be afraid Examples t Ali se boš udeležil sestanka? Will you attend the meeting? Ali se bosta kmalu poročila? Will you (two) get married soon? Metka se bo sama oblekla. Margaret will dress herself. Mi se ne bomo prepirali. We won't argue. 5. There are very few verbs with which the reflexive pronoun "si" is used instead of "se." These verbs must simply be studied. ("Si" corresponds to the dative case and "se" to the accusative case. A few verbs require dative objects.) For examplet Včeraj sem si izposodil pet I borrowed five dollars dolarjev. yesterday. Poleti si bomo ogledali vso We'll see the entire Slovenia Slovenijo. ^ in the summer. Tega si ne moremo privoščiti. We cannot afford this. 6. The reflexive pronoun "si" is also used to express an action in which the subject does something to or for himself. For example 1 Mama si je naredila novo Mother made a new dress for obleko. herself. Marko si je kupil nov avto. Mark bought himself a new car. Oce si je zlomil nogo. Father broke his leg. 7- Whenever the reflexive verb is followed by an object, the reflexive pronoun "se" becomes an indirect object and is changed to "si." For example: Lenka si je umila lase. Lenka washed her hair. Lenka se je umila. Lenka washed herself. Tanja si je opekla prste. Tanya burned her fingers. Tanja se je opekla. Tanya burned herself. 8. The reflexive pronouns "se" or "si" are also used to express a reciprocal action, meaning "each other" or "to each other." For example: Pišemo si. We write to each other. Pomagamo si. We help each other. Radi se imamo. We like each other. Vidimo se. We see each other. 9. There are also a few impersonal expressions which are used with the reflexive pronoun "se." Please study the following: se zdi or zdi se — it seems se zgodi or zgodi se — it happens se imenuje or imenuje se — it is called se splača (izplača) or — it is worth or it pays to splača (izplača) se se ne splača (izplača) or — it is not worth it or it doesn't ne splača (izplača) se pay When a verb follows the expression "splača se" or "ne izplača se," it must be used in the infinitive form. For example:" Se splača biti priden. It pays to be good. Tu se splača delati. It pays to work here. -98- Some verbs have an entirely different meaning when they are reflexive. Please study carefully the following examples t a. UClTI UClTI SE Uciteljica uci. Ucenci se ucijo. b. IGRATI IGRATI SE Rezika igra klavir. Otroci se igrajo. c. KREGATI KREGATI SE M^ma je kregala Anico. Sosedi se kregajo. d. SPOMNITI SPOMNITI SE9 Spomni me, ce bom pozabil. Ali se spomniš? e. ZABAVATI ZABAVATI SE Igralci so zabavali gledalce. Včeraj smo se dobro zabavali. f. POZDRAVITI POZDRAVITI SE Zakaj nisi pozdravil gospe? Mama je bila^zelo bolna, ampak se je ze pozdravila. g. RODITI RODITI SE Gospa Hribar je včeraj rodila malo deklico. Kje si se rodil? h. LOClTI LOČITI SE Ločim dobro in slabo.. Gospod in#gospa Cuk sta se ločila. i. VOZITI VOZITI SE Kdo vozi avto? Vsak dan se vozim z avtobusom v službo. TO TEACH TO STUDY, TO LEARN The teacher is teaching. The students are studying. TO PLAY (SOMETHING) TO PLAY Theresa is playing the piano. The children are playing. TO SCOLD, TO REPRIMAND TO ARGUE, TO QUARREL Mother scolded Annie. The neighbors are quarreling. TO REMIND TO REMEMBER Remind me, if I forget, Do you remember? TO ENTERTAIN TO HAVE A GOOD TIME The players entertained the spectators. We had a good time yesterday. TO GREET, TO SAY "HELLO" TO GET WELL, TO CURE ONESELF Why didn't you greet the lady? Mother was very ill but she is well already. TO GIVE BIRTH TO BE BORN Mrs. Hribar gave birth to a baby girl yesterday. Where were you born? TO DISTINGUISH TO SEPARATE, TO DIVORCE I distinguish,good and bad. Mr. and Mrs. Cuk got a divorce. — TO DRIVE -- TO RIDE Who is driving the car? I ride the bus to work every day. j. DELATI DELATI SE DELATI SE NORCA Kje delate? On Be dela bolnega. Zakaj se delal norca iz mene? k. UDARITI UDARITI SE Zakaj si ga udaril? Udaril sem se na prst. 1. RAZUMETI RAZUMETI SE Ne razumem tega. V naši družini se dobro razumemo. m. USTRAŠITI USTRAŠITI SE Ustrašil si me. Mama se je zelo ustrašila, ko je videla, da ima dete visoko vročino, n. PAZITI PAZITI SE Kdo pazi otroke? Moras se paziti. o. HVALITI HVALITI SE Učiteljica je pohvalila učence. On se preveč hvali. p. SPECl or PECI OPECI SE Mama je spekla torto. Anica se je opekla pri peči. r. POSODITI IZPOSODITI SI Posodil"~sem mu knjigo. Kdo si je izposodil moje pero? TO WORK, TO DO TO PRETEND TO MAKE PUN OF, TO MOCK Where do you work? He is pretending to be sick. Why are you making fun of me? TO HIT TO HURT ONESELF Why did you hit him? I hurt my finger. TO UNDERSTAND TO GET ALONG WITH ONE ANOTHER I don't understand this. We get along well in our family. TO SCARE SOMEONE TO GET SCARED You scared me. Mother got very scared when she saw that the baby has high temperature. TO WATCH, TO TAKE CARE TO TAKE CARE OF ONESELF Who is watching the children? You must take care of yourself. TO PRAISE TO BRAG, TO BOAST The teacher praised the students, He brags too much. TO BAKE TO BURN ONESELF Mother baked a cake. Annie burned herself by the stove. TO LEND TO BORROW I lent him the book. Who borrowed my pen? II. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Match — Izberi pravo besedo 1. to comb oneself _._,- a. smučati se 2. t n laiijtrh, tn smile b. obnašati se 3- ... c. pritožiti se 4. •r.n be afraid of . . č. jokati se 5. tn Rki d. zahvaliti se 6. tn lfiam, to study e. drsati se 7. to get married ______ _ f. udariti se 8. tn rorwerse g. hvaliti se 9. tn wake up , _ h. preseliti se 10. to hurt oneself i. odloČiti se 11. to borrow .i. umiti se 12. to dress oneself k. poročiti se 13. tn move _ 1. počesati se 14. to tell a lie m. delati se 15. to decide n. voziti se 16. to wash oneself 0. učiti se 17. to pretend ___ P. zrediti se 18. to thank r. smejati se 19. to behave . s. zbuditi se 20. to complain _______ • s. pogovarjati se 21. to boast f to brag _ „ t. obleči se 22. to attend ___________ u. izposoditi si 23. to gain weight _____ v. udeležiti se 24. to ride ...... __ z. bati se 25. to skate ž. zlagati se B. Write the following reflexive verbs i in the past and the future tenses — Napiši sledeče glagole v preteklem in prihodn.iem časi Past tense Future tense selimo se smo se selili__bomo Be selili jokam se ___ boji se ton) ___ umijejo se___.—---- trudite se_______ -101 Past tense Future tense veselim se sem se veselil(a) bom se veselil(a) oblečem se ___ ustrašite se ___ drsaš se ___ sankamo se ___ zredi se (ona) ___ pritoživa se ___ brije se (on) ___ vozimo se ____ pogovarjajo se ___ kregata se (onadva) ___ zbudimo se ___ uSite se ___ lepo se obnašajo ___ zlaže se (on) ____ _ ne zanimava se nisva se zanimala ne bova se zanimala ne spomnim se ___ ne počutiš se dobro ____ ne pazite se _____ ne izposodi si (on) _________ ne pritoživa se____ ne smučajo se____ ne šminka se (ona) ___ ne poročita se ___ ne ogledamo si _______ C. Read and translate into Slovenian — Beri in prevedi 1. Peter se rad smuča. _ 2. On se laže. _ 3. Deklica se smeji. ________ Tanja se dobro drsa. ________ 5* Pozimi se večkrat sankamo. ___ 6. Kdaj se zjutraj zbudiš? ______ 7. Učitelj se jezi na ucence. ___________ 8. Kdo se boji? ________ -102- 9. Otroci se lepo obnašajo. 10. Se ne spomnim. 11. Zakaj se prepirate? 12. Mojca si je umila roke. 13. Mi,ja se bo kmalu poročila. 14. Peter se ni niČ učil za izpitj_ 15. Si se ze počesal? 16. Nisi se se bril. 17. Kje si se rodil? 18. Kdaj si se rodil? 19. Martin se boji psa. 20. Nič se nisi potnidil. 21. Zakaj si se zlaga1? 22. Sosedi so se pritožili. 23. Pozabil sem se vam zahvaliti. 24. On se je preselil v New York. 25. Nisem se še umil. 26. Zakaj se smejite? 27. Ali se spomniš te slike? 28. Po veSerji se skopam. 29. Prehladi1 sem se, ko sem čakal na avtobus. rr* 30. Moram se še obuti. 31. Ali se pogovarjate doma po slovensko? 32. Vsi se radi kotalkamo. 33. Zakaj se jeziš name? 34. Moraš se sezuti, če hočeš biti v dnevni sobi. 35. Upam, da se ne boste premislili. 36. OdloČiti se moram do nedelje. 37. Pazim se, da se ne bom zredil. 38. Ne počutim se dobro danes. 39. Otroci se radi igrajo. 40. Zelo rad se vozim z letalom. -103 41. Ali ste se dobro zabavali v _ nedeljo na koncertu? _ 42. Ce se bomo potrudili, se _ bomo kmalu lahko pogovarjali_ po slovensko. _ 43. Ali se znaŠ smuSati? _ 44. Otroci se zavedajo, da _ imajo dobre starše, _ 45* M^ma se jezi, Se otroci _ niso pridni. _ 46. Zakaj si se jokal? _ 47. Upam, da se bo vaša mama _ kmalu pozdravila. _ 48. Peter se zelo zanima za _ šport. _ 49. K^ti si je opekla roko, _ ko je pekla piškote. _ 50. Lenka si je naredila lepo _ zeleno krilo. _____ D. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenSSino 1. Why are you afraid? _ 2. Why is she crying? _ 3. I must decide soon. _ 4. The little girl dressed and _ combed herself. _ 5» Are you interested in this? _ 6. He didn't shave yet. _ 7. They laughed. 8. I burned myself. _ 9. It pays to study. _ 10. It doesn't pay to lie. _ 11. Are you in a hurry? _ 12. When did this happen? ______ 13» It seems to me that they _ get along well. _ -104- 14. Who complained? 15. I must wash my hands. 16. I don't lie. 17. This happens often. 18. He is only pretending. 19. We'll move in June. 20. We write to each other. E. Conjugate the following verbs — Spregaj slede&e glagole se spomnim spomniti se (pre sent) (jaz) (ti) (on) (ona) (midva) (vidva) (onadva) (mi) (vi) (fini) z^hvftliti se (past) sem se zahvalil(a) učiti se (future) (jaz) (ti) (on) (ona) (midva) (vidva) (onadva) (mi) (vi) (oni) se bom uSil zbuditi se (past negative) se nisem zbudil(a)_ P. Answer the questions in Slovenian — Odgovori na vprašanja v slovenščini 1. Kdaj se zjutraj zbudiš? _ 2. Ali se voziš v službo? _ 3* Ali se pozimi kaj smučaš? __________ Kje si se rodil? __ 5* Kdaj si se rodil? _ 6. Ali se rad učiš slovenščine? _ 7. Ali si se Že poročil? _ 8. Ali se Že kaj pogovarjaš po slovensko? ___ IV. READING — BERILO Read, encircle all the reflexive verbs and translate orally — Beri, obkroži vse povratne glagole in prevedi ustmeno Zjutraj se zbudim ob pol sedmih. Hitro se umijem, oblecem, obujem in počešem. Četrt čez sedem grem v šolo. V šolo se vozim deset minut. V šoli se pridno učim tudi slovenščine. Rad se tudi pogovarjam po slovensko in se Že veselim počitnic, ko bomo šli na obisk k sorodnikom in si ogledali vso Slovenijo. Večkrat si pišemo, ampak videli se pa še nismo. Upam, da se starši ne bodo premislili in da se bomo v Sloveniji res lepo zabavali. Answer the following questions based on the reading — Odgovori na sledeča vprasan.ia Kaj narediš zjutraj, ko se _ zbudiš? ____ Kdaj greš v šolo? _ Ali hodiš ali se voziš v šolo? ______ Kam boste šli v počitnicah? ____ Koga boste obiskali? ________ Ali kaj pišete sorodnikom? ______ Ali ste Se kdaj videli vaše sorodnike? _____ Ali se rad pogovarjaš po _ slovensko? ________ LESSON NINE I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol voziček čistilni prašek pralni prašek račun čekovni račun šopek rož kakav robec or robček papirnati robček Feminine — ženski spol veleblagovnica samopostrežna veleblagovnica trgovina slašcica brisača papirnata brisača vreča (or colloquiallyi škmicelj — m.) vreča (or colloquially t žakelj — m.) vrečka papirnata vreča plastična vreča blagajna uslužbenka shramba nogometna tekma pisava ječa začimba testenine (pl.) znanka razstava Neuter -- Sredn.ii spol milo gospodinj stvo nakiypo vanje Adjectives — Pridevniki reven, vna, o obziren, rna, o sposoben, bna, o primoran, a, o pripravljen, a, o vsak, a, o cart, shopping cart, baby carriage cleaning detergent washing detergent bill; account checking account a bouquet of flowers cocoa, hot chocolate handkerchief, hanky paper tissue — department store — supermarket — store — sweet — towel — paper towel} napkin — bag — sack — a small bag — a paper bag — a plastic bag — cash register, counter; safe — female employee — pantry, storage room — football game — handwriting — jail — seasoning, spice — paste-food such as spaghetti, noodles, etc. — stamp — show, exhibit — soap — housekeeping, household — shopping — poor — considerate, thoughtful of others — capable — obliged, forced — prepared, ready — each, every -107- kak, a, o Verbs — Glagoli naložiti spraviti rabiti potrebovati prepričati preprečiti spremeni.ti pustiti kalijati zmotiti se ustaviti se napolniti popraviti pomiti posodo dati prat kupiti kupovati nakupiti (naložim) (spravim) (rabim) (potrebujem) (prepričam) (preprečim) (spremenim) (pustim) (kašljam) (zmotim se) (ustavim se) (napolnim) (popravim) (pomijem ... (dam prat) (kupim) (kupujem) (nakupim) Other words — Druge besede ko — when nikoli or nikdar kar nekaj kaj^takega končno takrat zunaj predno vsakdo nazaj gred£ hitro pri tem delu navadno z njo s tabo or teboj ; z vami Everyday expressions — Vsakdanji Kam hodil kupovat? Kje kupujete? Kdaj greste kupovat? Navadno zgodaj zjutraj. Navadno ob petkih zvečer. Takrat je preveč ljudi. — some, any, some kind of — to load, to stack (I load) — to put away, to store (I store) — to need; to use (I need, I use) — to need (I need) — to convince (I convince) — to prevent, to hinder (I prevent) — to change (I change) — to allow, to let (I allow) — to cough (I cough) — to make a mistake, to err (I err) — to stop (I stop) — to fill up, to stuff (I fill up) — to repair, to fix (I repair) ) — to wash dishes (I wash ...) — to put into wash (I put ...) — to buy (I buy) — to shop (I shop) — to purchase, to buy everything one needs (I purchase) never whatever something something like this finally, at last then; at that time outside before each one, every one on the way back fast, quickly at this work (job) usually with her with you izrazi Takrat ni veliko ljudi. Where do you go shopping? Where do you shop? When do you go shopping? Usually early in the morning. Usually on Friday evenings. There are too many people at that time. (It's too crowded then.) There are not too many people at that time. (It's not too crowded then.) II. THE INFINITIVE — NEDOLOCNIK The infinitive is that form of the verb which does not indicate a definite person. The infinitive of most Slovenian^verbs ends in -ti, but a few verbs have the infinitive ending -ci. Examples dati iskati govoriti to give reci to look for peSi to speak teči — to say — to bake — to run The infinitive is used with the following verbs i 1. hoteti 2. ne hoteti 3. Želeti morati 5. moči 6. smeti 7. znati 8. bati se 9. nehati 10. začeti 11. nameravati — to want (I want) -- not to want (I don't want) — to wish, to desire (I wish) — must, to be obliged (I must) -- to be able (I am able) -- to be allowed* may (I may) -- to know how (I know how) — to be afraid, to fear (I fear) — to stop, to cease (I stop) _ --to begin, to start (I begin) (nameravam) — to intend, to have the intention (I intend) (hocem) (nočem) (želim) (moram) (mjorera) (smem) (znam) (bojim se) (neham) (začnem) Examples Hočem vedeti. Nočem povedati. Želim ga sreČati. Me>ram se učiti. Ne morem priti. Ali smem kadeti? Ali znaš plavati? Bojim se jo poklicati. Nehaj govoriti! Kdaj začneš delati? Kam nameravaš iti? I want to know. I don't want to tell. I wish to meet him. I must study. I am not able to come. Am I allowed to Bmoke? Do you know how to swim? I am afraid to call her. Stop talking! When do you begin to work? Where do you intend to go? The infinitive is also used with the verbs VIDETI (TO SEE), SLISATI (TO HEAR) and PUSTITI (TO ALLOW, TO LET) SOMEONE DO SOMETHING. Examples Videli smo vas sedeti v We saw you sitting in the restavraciji. restaurant. Slišali smo ga govoriti. We heard him speak. Ni nam pustil plačati. He didn't allow us to pay. The infinitive is also used with the following phrases* 1. treba je 2. ni treba 3. lahko je težko je 5. dovoljeno je or sme se — 6. prepovedano je or ne sme se 7. lepo j e it is necessary it is not necessary it is easy it is difficult it is permitted it is prohibited i it is forbidden it is not allowed it is nice 8. da se or se da 9. ne da se or se ne da — 10. pripravljen, a, o je — 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. sposoben, bna, primoran, a, o imeti pravico imeti navado imeti dolžnost uspelo mi je priporočljivo je ni priporočljivo o je it is feasible; it is possible it is not feasible; it is not possible he, she, it is prepared or willing he, she, it is capable he, she, it is obliged or forced to have the right to have the habit to have the duty I succeeded in it is recommended it is not recommended It is necessary to study. It is not necessary to get up early tomorrow. It is easy to talk. It is difficult to understand you. It is not permitted to smoke. One is not allowed to eat here. It's nice to listen to Slovenian songs. Is it possible to repair this? It's impossible to tell. He is prepared (willing) to help •She is not capable of doing this He is forced to leave. I have the right to know the truth. He has the habit of speaking loudly. It is my duty to tell you this. I succeeded in getting a new job It is recommended to walk a lot. Smoking is not recommended. The infinitive is sometimes also used as a noun (either as the subject or the object). Examples Hoditi po travi je Walking on the grass is prepovedano. prohibited. Imel je veliko povedati. He had much to tell. Examples Tr^ba se je uciti. Jutri ni treba zgodaj vstati. Lahko je govoriti. Težko te je razumeti. Ni dovoljeno kaditi. Tukaj se ne sme jesti. Lepo je poslušati slovenske pesmi. Ali se da to popraviti? Se ne da povedati. On je pripravljen pomagati. Ona ni sposobna tega naredjLti On je primoran oditi. Imam pravico vedeti resnico. On ima navado glasno govoriti. Imam dolžnost vam to povedati. Uspelo mi je dobiti drugo službo. Priporočljivo je veliko hoditi. Kadeti ni priporočljivo. An important note on the infinitive The infinitive is used more frequently in English than in Slovenian. In English, an infinitive is often usedto replace a clause or to express a purpose, whereas in Slovenian, a noun clause (introduced by the conjunction "DA," meaning "THAT" or "IN ORDER TO") is used instead. Examples Upam, da te bom kmalu videl. I hope to see you soon. Ana mi je obljubila, da Ann promised to help me. mi bo pomagala. In the English sentences above, the infinitive suffices. In Slovenian, however, one must express the same idea with a noun clause: I hope that I shall see you soon. Ann promised that she will help me. III. THE SUPINE — NAMENILNIK The supine, like the infinitive, is a form of the verb which expresses an action without indicating a definite person. Its form is almost like the infinitive, except that the final "i" is dropped. Examples Infinitive Supine gledati gledat spati spat govoriti govorit j^sti jest The only use of the supine is that of expressing purpose after motion verbs. The most common motion verbs are: 1. iti 2. priti 3. oditi 4. hoditi 5. hiteti 6. teci 7. skočiti 8. peljati se 9. voziti se 10. dati (grem) (pridem) (odidem) (h(>dim) (hitim) (tečem) (skočim) (peljem se)— (vozim se) — (dam) Examples Grem malo počivat. Kdaj greš spat? Pridi nas pogledat! Sel je kupit mleko. Kam hodiš jest? V nedeljo smo se peljali obiskat staro mamo. Daj pomagat! Dobri državljani gredo volit. Ali ste šli gledat razstavo? Daj mi povedat, prosim! to go (I go) to come (I come) to go away, to leave(I leave) to walk (I walk) to hurry (I hurry) to run (I run) to jump (I jump) to take a ride (I ride) to drive, to ride (I drive) only when it means "to put" or, colloquially, to express a command. I am going to rest a little. When do you go to sleep? Come to see us! He went to buy milk. Where do you go to eat? On Sunday we drove to visit grandmother. Help! Good citizens go to vote. Did you go to see the exhibit? Please tell me! IV. EXERCISES -- VAJE A. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Supply the missing words and translate — Napisi besede, ki man.ika.io in prevedi Nekaj vam želim Nočem te Otroci morajo __ Zakaj se bojiš Jutri ne moremo Ali smem starše. slovensko? Ali zna Peter Jaz ne znam _ On hoče advokat. Mama te želi Ona ne more Moram _ če hočem Želim djjbro slovgnsko. _ mami šopek rož. Oce more danes Ali znate dobro Ona je pripravljena _ A avtobusu je prepovedano Mama nam ne pusti _ dnevni sobi. z menoj. Lepo je _ On je pripravljen Bili smo primorani Vsak ima pravico _ Ona ima navado slovenske pesmi. denar. pc) zno. Ali ti je uspelo _ svoje sorodnike v Sloveniji? Nisem jih slišal _ Ali se da kaj _ Ta ura se ne da _______ Vsi imamo dolžnost Nameravamo jih _ Zelo lahkjD je _ obzirni. napako < to teli) to disturb) to obey) to speak) to come) to smoke) to swim) to type) to become) to meet) to stop talking) to study) to know) to buy) to work) to draw) to go) to smoke) to eat) to sing) to die) to take) to ask) to come) to see) to sing) to change) to repair) to be) to visit) to make) 31. Mame se ne da • (to convince) 32. Tukaj se ne sme • (to smoke) 33. Ne morem brez vode. (to wash myself) 3*. Ali se se bojiš avto ? (to drive) 35. Kdo se boji ? (to die) 36. Ni treba • (to answer) 37. Ne znam te pisave. (to read) 38. Lepo je revnim. (to help) 39. Treba se je . (to decide) 40. Tukaj je prepovedano (to swim) * * * 41. Ob sobotah ne grem • (to work) 42. Kmalu pojdi t « (to sleep) 43. Zakaj ne greš ? (to eat) 44. Ona nam je prišla • (to help) Oče je odšel naŠo novo hišo. (to paint) 46 Kam hodiš ? (to swim) 47. Vsi bomo šli nogometno (to watch) tekmo. 48. Jutri gremo (to listen) Slovenski oktet. 49. Ali pride Janez danes tenis? (to play) 50. Pojdiva posodo! (to wash dishes) 51. Profesor bo Šel (to speak) na konvencijo. 52. Ali ga bomo šli ? (to listen) 53. Peljali smo se razstavo. (to look at) 54. V Šolo se pridemo • (to study) 55. Ali boste šli ? (to vote) 56. Grem malo • (to rest) 57. On pride domov samo in .(to eat t to sleep) 58. V nedeljo se bomo šli .(to ski) 59. Vsak dan grem sosedi. (to help) 60. Jutri bomo šli nov avto. (to buy) B. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleščino 1. Pustili so nas čakati. _ 2. Nisem te videl priti v s,obo. _ 3. Primoirani so se preseliti. _ 4. Ali je on pripravljen toliko _ plačati? _ 5. V cerkvi se ne sme glasno _ govoriti. _ 6. Ali vas smem nekaj vprašati? _ 7. Kdaj se bomo zaceli učiti _ nove pesmi? _ 8. Mija se boji povedati mami, _ da noče jesti juhe. _ 9. Ona zna dobro kuhati in peči,_ ampak ne zna nic šivati. _ 10. Nočem ga vprašati, zakaj me ni_ prišel obiskat v bolnico. _ 11. NiČ se ne da spremeniti, _ 12. Vsak Človek mora umreti. _ 13. Mama je dala prat umazane _ srajce. _ 14. VČ^raj smo šli gledat,kako _ se otroci drsajo. _ 15« Ne smem jesti slaščic, ker _ se nočem zrediti. _ 16. HoČem shujšati deset funtov. _ 17. On pride v šolo samo nagajat,_ 18. Ali si nas slišal peti? _ 19. Danes bom šel zgodaj spat. _ 20. Ali mi boš prišel pomagat? _ 21. Kam se hodiš drsat? _ 22. Tekel je gledat, kaj se je _ zgodilo. _ 23. Mojca je hitela pisat domačo _ nalogo, da se bo šla lahko _ sankat z otroci. 24. Soseda je prišla vprašat, Se _ sme rabiti naŠ telefon. _ 25. Gospod Hribar je prišel po- _ vedat, da mora gospa Hribar _ iti v bolnico na operacijo. _ C. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. I can't read this hand- _ writing. _ 2. I must go to the doctor. _ 3* Do you know how to skate? _ 4. I wish to talk with you. _ 5. He knows how to speak _ Slovenian. _ 6. You are not allowed to be _ here. _ 7. I can't go today. _ 8. Can you come tomorrow? _ 9. She can't stop coughing. _ 10. When shall we begin to sing? _ 11. When do you intend to visit _ your relatives? _ 12. I saw you walking to school. _ 13* I heard you coming. _ 14. It is not necessary to pay _ now. _ 15. I have the right to know. _ 16. They came to see us. _ 17. We went swimming yesterday. _ 18. Mother went shopping. _ 19. I must tell you something. _ 20. The children are not allowed _ to eat in the living room. _ 21. I don't want to tell you. _ 22. She wants to learn Slovenian._ 23« She went to buy milk. _ 24. They went to see the exhibit. 25. I wish to tell you something. D. You will find eighteen Slovenian words in the following "word finder." When you find each one, encircle it in the puzzle and then write it next to its English counterpart below. V spodnji "crkovnici" bgste našli osemnajst slovenskih besgd. Ko najdete slovensko besedo, jo obkrožite v "Srkovnici" in potem napišite poleg ustrgzne anglgške besjgde spadaj. G 0 S P 0 D I N J S T V 0 S A B & L R V S E A T Z N R R A C L Pl A A A S 0 V I 0 A E T M I A B S L N P N A N A K C I 0 N G M C N J R D D L R U A H P V A A I I A A E N I A P P A 0 0 J R C P G V V 0 T B I A R S G N H A R A I 0 P S I T P A T A I & V A L T I M I T I I C R L C K L 2 B I S C C I A R U E B A B 0 E I T I 2 0 L A N N 2 E R A K K Z S 0 V s A K A 0 B L K U P I T I 0 L I M B T S A E A Z L P 0 T R E B 0 V A T I V Examples pantry when — shramba -- ko always bill, account cashier, treasurer department store each, every everybody everything fast, quickly housekeeping paper bag to buy to load to need to use to store soap sweet usually V. READING — BERILO V samopostrežni veleblagovnici Gospa Kovač gre vsak ponedeljek v samopostrežno veleblagovnico nakupovat hrano. Treba je spet napolniti shrambo in hladilnik. Njen sin Peter želi iti z njo, ker noče biti sam doma. V trgovini vzameta voziček in hitita nakupovat vse, kar gospa KovaS rabi pri gospodinjstvu« meso, zelenjavo, sadje, moko, sladkor, sol, riž, testenine , začimbe, olje, mast, mleko, kakav, kavo, čaj, sir, jajca, milo, papirnate brisače, papirnate robčke, čistilne praske, pralne praške in še veliko drugih reči. Ko vse nakupita, gresta plačat račun k blagajni. Vsakdo mora plačati, predno sme oditi iz trgovine, če noče sedeti v ječi. Uslužbenka mora dati vse v papirnate vreče. Potem gospa Kovač in Peter hitita naložit vreče v avto. Nazaj grede se morata ustaviti še na pošti in kupiti znamke. Treba bo pisati sorodnikom in prijateljem za praznike. Kaj takega se res ne sme pozabiti i Končno je treba iti domov. Doma je treba vse spraviti v hladilnik ali pa v shrambo. Pri tem delu Peter mami prav nič rad ne pomaga. Raje ostane zunaj, ker se želi igrati in noče pomagati v kuhinji. Ampak zmotil se je. Mama ga že kliče t "Peter, takoj pridi pomagat, če hočeš danes dobiti kosilo:" Translate the reading and encircle all the infinitives and all the supines. Answer the following questions based on the reading: Kdaj gre gospa Kovač nakupovat? ______— Kdo gre z njo? Zakaj želi Peter iti z mamo? Kaj rabi gospa KovaČ pri gospodinj stvu? Kaj naredita, ko vse nakupita? Kaj mora blagajnicarka narediti? Kje se morata se ustaviti nazaj grede? Kaj morata kupiti na posti? Komu bo treba pisati? Kaj bo treba narediti, ko prideta donu>v? Kaj zeli Peter delati zunaj? Komu n£ce pomagati? Kaj pravi mama? I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol plašč dežni plaščw zimski plašč letni plaš5^ krznen plašč jopi^ . vetrni jopic pulover pas klobuk šal robec, robček z ep rokav ovratnik gumb sukanec bombaž or kotenina (f.) ž^met or baržun čevelj, čevlji škorenj, skornji konec ki£sk spominček nakit drobiž ček slovar komad zastor kovček izdelek oddelek otroški oddelek moški oddelek ženski oddelek obešalnik likalnik les dežnik mešalec prah sesalec za prah — pisalni stroj pralni stroj coat raincoat winter coat summer coat fur coat jacket wind breaker šivalni stroj pull-over S W© Elt 6 r belt, girdle iFeminine — Zenski waist trgovina hat ^ veleblagovnica — scarf handkerchief iziožba pocket obleka inoŠka obleka dvodelna obleka večerna obleka — sleeve collar button thread cotton velvet shoe, shoes boot, boots end newsstand, bookstall souvenir jewelry change check dictionary piece, item curtain suitcase product department, division children's department men* s department women's department hanger iron wood umbrella srajca spalna srajca pižama halja copata jopica kravata rokavica nogavica suknja luknja kapa ruta torbica denarnica kožuhovina razprodaja sezona številka mera barva knjigarna igrača igra preproga zavesa razglednica vezalka -119- " mixer dust vacuum cleaner typewriter washing machine sewing machine spol store department store display window dress man's suit two-piece dress evening dress, evening gown shirt nightgown pyjamas robe, bathrobe slipper sweater necktie glove stocking, sock overcoat hole cap head scarf handbag, purse wallet fur(s) sale season number; size measure; size color book store toy game; play carpet, rug drape, curtain picture postcard shoestring, shoelace potrebščina zadrga podloga sivanka or igla posteljnina blazina prevleka za blazino rjuha odeja brisač a kuhinjska brisača cunja » krpa cunja za prah punčka punčka iz cunj deska deska za likati zaloga svila volna flanela dolžina velikost obutev re2 a needed article zipper lining needle bed linen pillow, cushion pillow case bed sheet blanket, cover towel dish towel Feminine plural — hlače kavbojke kratke hlače galose sandale dokolenke kopalke škarje šolske potrebščine 2enski spol Množina pants jeans shorts galoshes, rubbers sandals knee socks bathing suit scissors school needs rag; patch dust rag doll rag doll board, plank Neuter — Sredn.ii usnje blago platno krzno pohištvo spol — ironing board krilo (or Adjectives — Pridevniki poceni cenejšima, e najcenejši, a, e drag, a, o dražji, a, e najdražji, a, e velik, a, o večji, a, e največji, a, e majhen, majhna, majhno manjšima, e najmanjši, a, e drug, a, o enak, a, o tak, a, o prav tak, a, o prav, a, o tuj, a, e tesen, tesna, tesno raztrgan, a, o zašit, a, o pokvarjen, a, o stock silk wool flannel length size footwear thing, item colloquially« kikla — f.) spodnje perilo pregrinjalo steklo železo jeklo ročno delo leather cloth, material merchandise linen fur(s) furniture skirt underwear bedspread glassware, glas iron steel handicraft j handmade items — cheap, inexpensive — cheaper, less expensive — cheapest, the least expensive — dear, expensive — more expensive — most expensive i dearest — big, tall — bigger, taller — biggest, tallest — small — smaller — smallest — other, second — same — such, this kind — exactly like this — right, correct* genuine — strange, foreign ~ tight -- torn — sewed up, not torn — broken, out of order; spoiled -120- ta, ta, to tisti, a, o platnen, a, o svilen, a, o volnen, a, o koteninast, a, o or bombažen, bombažna, o plastičen, plastična, o papirnat, a* o steklen, a, o kristalen, kristalna, o lesen, a, o jeklen, a^ o zelezen, železna, o Verbs — Glagoli (pomerim) (kupim) (kupim si) (iščem) (najdem) (vzamem) (zavijem) (nosim) (ogledam si) (šivam) (zašijem) (prišijem) (podaljšam) (skrajsam) Other words — Druge besede na žglost na razprodaji v modi po modi iz mode v pasu v žepu v zalogi ko ki po znižani ceni polovična cena v zelenem or v zeleni barvi v rdečem or v rdeči barvi pomeriti kupiti kupiti si iskati najti vzeti zaviti nositi ogledati si Šivati zašiti prišiti podaljšati skrajšati this, this one that, that one linens made out of linen silk; made out of silk wool; made out of wool cotton; made out of cotton plastic; made out of plastic paper; made out of paper glass; made of glass crystal; made of crystal wooden; made of wood steel; made of steel iron; made of iron to try on (I try on) to buy (I buy) to buy for oneself (I buy ...) to look for, to seek (I look for) to find, to discover (I find) to take (I take) to wrap up, to package (I wrap) to wear; to carry (I wear) to view, to look at (I view) to sew (I sew) to sew something that is torn, to sew up (I sew *..) to sew on (I sew on) to lengthen, to prolong (I ...) to shorten (I shorten) unfortunately on sale in style, in fashion according to the fashion out of style in the waist in the pocket in stock when which, who (relative pronoun) for a reduced price half price in green or in green color in red or in red color Read ^nd studv^the following practical expressions — Beri in nauči se sledeče vsakdanje izraze Rad bi sel (sla) nakupovat. Pojdimo v trgovino! Oglejmo si izlozbe! Kaj želite? Kaj bi rad (rada, radi)? Prosim, povejte mi, kje so... Kje lahko dobim ... Kje lahko najdem ... Kje prodajajo .... IšČem ... Rad bi nekaj kupil. Rad bi kupili obleko s moško obleko čevlje, copate, sandale škornje, galoše hlače, kavbo jke, pas s raje o, kravato plašč, dežni plašč jopic, vetrni jopic suknjo, krznen plašč bluzo, krilo, jopico rokavic e, nogavic e klobuk, kapo, ruto torbico, denarnic o Rad bii koteninasto obleko svileno bluzo najIon nogavice volneno jopico žametno krilo platnen prt usnjen pas kristalno vazo lesen krožnik papirnate robčke stekleno skledo Ali je to pravo usnje? Ne, samo imitacija. Danes je velika razprodaja. To je na razprodaji. Je konec sezone. To sem videl v izložbi. Ali lahko to pomerim? Kje lahko to pomerim? Kakšno številko nosite? Te številke nimamo v zalogi. Nimamo vaše velikosti. To je preveliko zame (za vas). I would like to go shopping. Let's go to the store! Let1 s look at the display windows! What do you wish? What would you like? Please tell me where are ... Where can I get .... Where can I find ... Where do they sell ... I am looking for ... I would like to buy something. I would like to buyi a dress; a man's suit shoes, slippers, sandals boots, rubbers pants, jeans, a belt a shirt, a tie a coat, a raincoat a jacket, a wind breaker an overcoat, a fur coat a blouse, a skirt, a sweater gloves, stockings (socks) a hat, a cap, a head scarf a purse, a wallet I would like i a cotton dress a silk blouse nylon stockings a woolen sweater a velvet skirt a linen tablecloth a leather belt a crystal vase a wooden plate tissues (paper hankies) a glass bowl Is this genuine leather? No, only imitation. There is a big sale today. This is on sale. It is the end of the season. I saw this in the display window. Can I try this on? Where can I try this on? What size do you wear? We don't have this size in stock. We don't have your size. This is too big for me (for you). To je premajhno z^me (za vas). To je pretesno zame (za vas). V pasu je pretesno. To krilo je prekratko. Ta obleka je predolga. Moram jo skrajšati. To krilo m£ram podaljšati. Prosim, prinesite večjo številko. o Rabim manjšo številko. To je ze iz mode. To je zdaj v modi. Nimam rad (rada) te barve. Rad (rada) bi prav takega (tako) v drugi barvi. To mi je zelo všeČ. To mi ni vse?:. Koliko stane? To je poceni. To je predrago.^ Imate kaj cenejšega. Vse skupaj znese ... Tukaj je vaš drobiž. Ali lahko plačam s čekom? Rad bi tri take (pet takih). Rad bi tri enake (pet enakih). Kje je knjigarna? Kje je kiosk? Kje prodajajo tuje časopise? Kje so knjige, slovarji ...? Kje so plgsče? Kje so ročni izdelki? Kje so igrače? Kje prodajajo spomincke? Kje imate lesene izdelke? Kje imate steklene izdelke? Kje je (barvno, brušeno) steklo? Kje lahko kupim bombone? Kje so preproge? Kje so zastori (zavese)? Kje so šolske potrebščine? Kje so tgrbice (denarnice)? Kje je posteljnina? Kje je pohištvo? Kje imate nakit? Kje so kozmetična sredstva? Vzel jih bom s seboj. To bora vzel. To bom kupil. This is too small for me (for you). This is too tight for me (for you). It's too tight in the waist. This skirt is too short. This dress is too long, I have to shorten it. I must lengthen this skirt. Please bring a bigger size. I need a smaller size. This is already out of style. This is in style now. I don't like this color. I would like one exactly like this one in another color. I like this very much. I don't like this. How much does it cost? This is cheap (inexpensive). This is too expensive. Do you have anything cheaper? Altogether it amounts to .... Here is your change. Can I pay with a check? I would like three (five) of these. I would like three (five) of the same. Where is a bookstore? Where is a newsstand? Where do they sell foreign newspapers? Where are the books, dictionaries? Where are the records? Where are the handcrafts? Where are the toys? Where do they sell souvenirs? Where do you have articles made of wood? Where do you have the glass items? Where is the (stained, cut) glass? Where can I buy candy? Where are the rugs (the carpets)? Where are the curtains (drapes)? Where are school accessories? Where are purses (wallets)? Where are bed linens? Where is furniture? Where do you have jewelry? Where are cosmetics? I'll take them with me. I'll take this. I'll buy this. Prosim, zavijte mi! V tej trgovini ima j o lepo izbiro. V oddelku za igraSe imajo veliko izbiro novih iger. Danes je velika razprodaja zimskih plascev. Jutri se pri5ne (zaSne) tridnevna razprodaja. Vse je razprodano. Trenutno tega nimamo v zalogi. Please wrap it up (package it) for me. They have a beautiful selection in this store. In the toy department they have a big selection of new games. There is a big sale on winter coats today. A tri-day sale begins tomorrow. Everything is sold out. We don't have this in stock right now. II. EXPRESSIONS TO DENOTE LIKING A. TO LIKE SOMETHING is expressed in Slovenian with* IMETI R AIM RADA, R^DI, RADE) -- TO LIKE — TO PREFER — TO LIKE THE BEST B. IMETI RAJŠI or RAJE* IMETI NAJRAJŠI or NAJRAJE Examples On ima rad otroke. Otroci imajo radi sladoled. Deklice imajo rade punčke iz cunj. Kaj imaš rajši, 5aj ali kavo? Raje imam kavo. Najrajši imam juho. ♦RAJSl or RAJE and NAJRAJŠI not change. He likes children. Children like ice cream. Little girls like rag dolls. What do you prefer, tea or coffee? I prefer coffee. I like soup the best. or NAJRAJE are adverbs; they do TO LIKE SOMETHING may also be expressed in Slovenian with the following idiomatic expressions! TO LIKE TO PREFER VSEC (MI) JE BOLJ (MI) JE VSEC UGAJA (MI) BOLJ (MI) UGAJA and, colloquially, also i DOPADE SE (MI) BOLJ SE (Ml) DOPADE TO LIKE THE BEST NAJBOLJ (MI) JE VSEC NAJBOLJ (MI) UGAJA NAJBOLJ SE (MI) DOPADE The above expressions mean literally* It is pleasing (to me). With these expressions, the pronoun or the subject is alwavs in the dative case* Mami je všec or mami ugaja or mami se dopade — Mother likes nr 11JT9 10 mi nv> nn -: T 1 • -I- vsec mi je všec ti je všec ji je všec mu je všec nam je všec vam je or ugaja mi or ugaja ti or ugaja ji or ugaja mu or ugaja nam or ugaja vam or dopade se mi or dopade se ti or dopade se ji or dopade se mu or dopade se nam or dopade se vam I like you like she likes he likes we like you like, etc Thus, the same English sentence expressing the idea of liking may be translated into Slovenian in four different ways. Examples To imam rad. I like this. To mi je všeč. To mi ugaja. To se mi dopade. Tega nimam rad. I don't like this. To mi ni všeč. To mi ne ugaja. To se mi ne dopade. Ali imas (imate) to rad(i)? Do you like this? Ali ti~(vam) je to všeč? Ali ti (vam) to ugaja? Ali se ti (vam) to dopade? Rad imam klasično glasbo.^ Klasična glasba mi je vsec. Klasična glasba mi ugaja. Klasična glasba se mi dopade. Radi imamo slovenske jedi; Slovenske jedi so nam všec. Slovenske jedi nam ugajajo. Slovanske jedi se nam dopadejo. TO LIKE TO DO SOMETHING is expressed in Slovenian with the adjective RAD (RADA, RADI, RADE) and the regular verb form with the same personal ending as the subject of the sentence. Examples I like classical music. We like Slovenian dishes (food). Jaz rad (rada) kupujem. Ana rada nosi to obleko. Janez se rad smuča. Mi vsi radi pojemo. Dekleta rada plešejo. I like to shop. Ann like to wear this dress. John likes to ski. We all like to sing. Girls like to dance. WOULD LIKE is expressed in Slovenian with RAD (RADA, RADI, RADE) BI. Examples Rad bi šel v trgovino. Mama bi rada sukanec in šivanko. Kdo bi rad kupil vstopnice za koncert? I would like to go to the store. Mother would like thread and a needle. Who would like to buy tickets for the concert? In addition to the idiomatic expressions listed above, please study also the following verbs which express want or desire i 2ELETI HOTETI NE HOTETI NE ŽELETI NE MARATI (Selim) (hočem) (nočem) (ne želim) (ne maram) -- TO WISH — TO WANT — NOT TO WANT — NOT TO WISH — NOT TO CARE FOR » NOT TO WANT Note — Opomba The verb "HOTETI" implies to want something very much. The verb "MARATI" is used mostly in the negative form. In the positive form either "HOTETI" or "ŽELETI" is preferred. Examples Želim ga poznati. I wish to know him. Hočem ga vprašati. I want to ask him. Ne^zelim govoriti z njim. I don't wish to speak with him. Nočem vas motiti. I don't want to bother you. Spela ne mara Janeza. Isabel doesn't care for John. Nic ni hotel reci.^ He didn't want to say anything. Peter je hotel plačati za Peter wanted to pay for vse. everything. Mi. j a ni marala jesti juhe. Mia didn't want to eat the soup, III. EXERCISES -- VAJE Translate the following words — Prevedi sledeSe besede slippers ____ T dresses 0 shoes _ j toys _____E pillows _____ N coats __A towels _ r neckties __ A blouses ___ Z carpets, rugs ___p skirts r sweaters 0 picture postcards ______ D gloves ___ A shirts __ j stockings, socks I B. Match — Izberi pravo besedo 1. to find _ 2. to wear _ 3. to buy _ 4. to buy for oneself_ 5. to sew _ 6. to sew on _ 7. to sew up _ 8. they like _ 9. to be satisfied _ 10. to look for _ 11. to wrap _ 12. cheap _ 13. expensive _ 14. other, second _ 15. same _ 16. this _ 17. that _ 18. he likes _ 19. I like _ 20. she likes _ 21. to try on _ 22. we like _ 23. Do you like? _ 24. I don't like _ 25. to take _ a. b. c. 5. d. e. f. €• h. i. j- k. 1. m. n. o. P. r. s. * s. t. u. V. z. z. Šivati Ali ti je všec? se jim dopade zaviti drag to, ta tisti nositi mi je vŠeS si kupiti se mu dopade drug najti prišiti vzeti nam je všeč kupiti poceni mi ne ugaja enak zašiti pomeriti ima rada iskati biti zadovoljen 1. unfortunately ,,_.,, . a. zep 2. furniture b. pas 3. leather c. nogavica 4. newsstand . 5. razprodaja 5. pocket _________ d. Sevelj 6. display window e. torbica 7. change f. preproga 8. jacket g. naki/t 9. souvenir h. kravata 10. belt i. usnje 11. glove .1. hlače 12. stocking, sock k. c opata 13. handbag 1. na žalost 14. skirt m. drobiž 15. sale n. izložba 16. sweater 0. spominček 17. carpet TJ. krilo 18. postcard r. pohištvo 19. slipper s. rokavica 20. jewelry V S. kavbojke 21. necktie t- ruta 22. jeans u. kiosk 23. scarf (head) V. razglednica 24. shoe z. jopica 25. pants • z. jopič c. Translate into English — Prevedite v angleščino 1. Ali so ti všeč? moji n£vi c e vi j i? ____ 2. Kaj bi rad pil? _ 3. OČetu niso všeč moji ___ prijatelji. ___ On nima rad kratkih las. ___ 5. Mami niso všeč dolgi lasje. _ 6. Zakaj ne delaš rad? _ 7. Ali vi radi berete? _ 8. Ali vam je ugajal ta film? __ 9. Mladim dekletom so všeč _ kratka krila. _ 10. Kam bi rajši šli, v park __________ ali v muzej? _ U. Mi bi najraje šli v ____ živalski vrt. ______ 12. Nekaj ti hočem povedati. ____ -128- 13* Nočem se peljati z avtom. Rajši hodim. 14. Ona hoče vse vedeti. 15. Janez je ni hotel poklicati, 16. Ana ne mara povedati. 17. Mama ni hotela dati otrokom piškotov pred večerjo. 18. Ali so vam všeČ nove zavese v dnevni sobi. 19. Mami smo kupili nov šivalni stroj za rojstni dan. 20. Tončka je kupila lepo modro blago, da si bo naredila novo obleko. 21. Te obleke ni treba nič likati. 22. Koliko stane ta volnena jopica? 23. Ali je treba to blago likati? 24. Dežuje. Rabim galoše, dežni plašč in dežnik. 25. V žepu imam robec in nekaj drobiža. 26. Ta obleka nima žepov. 27. Ti zastori niso bili dragi. 28. V vseh sobah imamo nove preproge. 29. Naš pralni stroj je pokvarjen. Nayega bomo morali kupiti. 30. Ona ima raje obleke brez ovratnikov. 31. Zadrga pri jopiču ne dela. Ali jo znaš popraviti? 32. Oče ima nov pisalni stroj. _ ~ -129 33« To rumeno pregrinjalo mi je _ všec, ampak je predrago. 34. Ne morem spati brez blazine._ 35* Kje je sukanec in šivanka? _ 36. Moram pri s iti gumb.___ 37. Rabim svežo brisačo. 38. Ali je mama že zašila moje _ kavbojke? _ 39. Te nogavice so d^nes na __ razprodaji. _ 40. Ne najdem škarij. _ Ali veš, kje so? ______ 41. Mama je kupila veliko novih __ rjuh in prevlek za blazine _______ na razprodaji. Vse je bilo __ po polovični ceni. _ 42. Ta obleka je pretesna v ____ pasu in tudi prekratka. _____ 43. Rabim večjo številko, _ 44. Dolga krila so zdaj v modi. _ 45. Kje lahko, to pomerim?____ 46. Sem prehlajen. Rabim ___ škatlo papirnatih robčkov. _ 46. Kgkšno številko nosite? ________ 47. Gospa Hribar je kupila možu ___ nekaj novih srajc in kravat.____ 48. Ti čevlji so zelo dragi. _ 49. Rad bi pet takih, ce jih _ imate. ______ 50. Ali im^te prav tak pulover __________ v drugi barvi? __ D' Translate into Slovenian — Prevedite v slovenščino 1. Here is your change. _ 2. I'll take this. __ -130- 3. I need a larger size. These shoes are too small for me. 5. Where do you have men's suits? 6. Is this on sale? 7. She would like a new winter coat. 8. I lost my green gloves. 9. Her stockings are torn. 10. This is too expensive. 11. I don't like this color. 12. I don't like this. 13. Where can I try this on? 14. I need new hoots. 15. I don't have slippers. 16. I need more blankets. 17. I would like to buy souvenirs. Where do they sell them? 18. How much does it cost? 19. You don't have to iron this. 20. I bought this book at the newsstand. 21. He bought a new shirt. 22. Is this genuine leather? 23. I would like a leather belt. 24. I like your new coat. 25. Do you have anything cheaper? 26. Who lost this head scarf? 27. Ann bought a red velvet skirt (for herself). 28. Where is the vacuum cleaner? 29. Peter bought a red wool jacket (for himself). 30. I would like these pants in green. 31. Can I pay with a check? 32. The school items sure over _ there. _____ 33- Do you like my new dress? ___ 34. I like this record. __ 35« I would like to buy a _________ new typewriter. ___________ E. You will be able to find fifty Slovenian words which we have studied in this lesson in the following "word finder." When you find each one, encircle it in the puzzle and then write it next to its English counterpart on the opposite page. V spodnji "Srkovnici" boste ng§li petdeset slovenskih besed, ki smo se jih naučili v tej lekciji. Ko najdete slovensko besedo, jo obkrožite v "crkovnici" in potem napišite poleg ustrezne angleške besede na nasprotni strgjii, hlaCeukap aereCsCko lpokanbvh JEKLO JOPI alsrpemaS IUVRRŠBOT GKI OSKADV RNLKTAŽKO AJAAERBRX Caovkjlik AESILEVLP CJNCOMAOB NOGAVICAC PPPUNCKAA UIRASUKAN aCdbtenak PI2AMABLA APRAHOROČ Examples curtain, drape cheap A 0 S R A B C R 0 P S L 0 V A R J D 0 R L E S R C U E C A A B C V D H J E J R 0 K A V A A N C D E S KAP A I A H G U M B L/ ^ Vfi E K L K D A, S A C A S R/V/T E A L N I Yy ^P N V V 2 Z \h V 'C B 0 E L E K S L C L M P 2 K I N D R J B C A B A G S U L E C M S D TRT 0 P R E P R 0 G A P G 0 T 0 C U N J A N 0 D E L 0 A B S — zavesa — poceni bed sheet belt blanket, cover board, plank bookstall button cap carpet, rug check cloth, material color cotton dictionary doll dress dust furniture game, play glass glove iron handcraft head scarf hole jacket leather linen pants pocket pyjamas rag robe scissors shirt shoe silk skirt sleeve slipper steel stocking, sock suitcase sweater thing, item thread towel toy velvet wool wood IV. READING — BERILO V veleblagovnici Gospa Volk je videla v izložbi krasno obleko. Želela jo je imeti. Sla je v trgovino vprašat, koliko stane. Videla je, da je tam velika razprodaja. Konec sezone je. Ogledala si je plašče, bluze, krila, jopice in druge reši. Kupila si je lep temno zelen plašč in lepo usnjeno torbico. Tista obleka v izložbi pa je bila, na žalost, premajhna! Tudi možu je kupila pet lepih belih srajc in kravat, lepe sive hlače in par novih copat. Petra se je tudi -133- spomnila. Njemu je kupila nove kavbojke, lepe rjave čevlje in nekaj šolskih potrebščin, ki jih bo rabil jeseni, ko bo spet šel v šolo. Dobil je tudi nov usnjen pas, ki mu je bil najbolj všeč. Vsi so bili zadovoljni. Translate the reading and answer the following questions — Prevedi berilo in odgovori na sledeča vprašanja Kaj je videla gospa Volk v _ izložbi? _ Kaj je Sla vprašat v trgovino? Zakaj je velika razprodaja? _ Kaj si je ogledala gospa Volk? _ Kaj si je kupila gospa Volk? Zakaj ni gospa Volk kupila tiste _ lepe obleke, ki je bila v izlozbi? Kaj je gospa Volk kupila moSu? Kaj je kupila za Petra? LESSON ELEVEN I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Nouns — Samostalniki policaja or milica.(f.) glasba Tt. j mir (m.) policaj or miličnik'(m.J gasilec pločnik ukaz povelje taboren je navodilo smeti odpadki odrasli mladoletniki (m.) (m.) (m.) (n.) (n.) (n.) (f. pl.) (m. pl.) (m. pl.) (m. pl.) or Adjectives — Pridevniki svoj, af e glasen, glasna, o tih, a, o divji, a, e len, a, o previden, previdna, o nepreviden, neprevidna, o koristen, koristna, o potreben, potrebna, o Verbs — Glagoli naučiti se na pamet (naučim se na pamet) oddahniti si or se (oddahnem si or se) zapomniti si (zapomnim si) ponoviti poklicati odlašati paziti nagajati dražiti pospraviti počistiti presenetiti vprašati spraševati zakleniti odkleniti verjeti (ponovim) (pokličem) (odlašam) (pazim) (nagajam) (dražim) (pospravim) (počistim) (presenetim) (vprašam) (sprašujem) (zaklenem) (odklenem) (verjamem) police music peace policeman fireman sidewalk command command camping direction, instruction trash, rubbish; garbage waste, garbage; litter adults, grown-ups adolescents, juveniles, minors — one's own — loud — quiet — wild — lazy cautious, careful, prudent — careless, imprudent -- useful needed, necessary, required — to memorize, to learn by heart (I memorize) — to rest, to relax, to recover (I rest ...) — to remember, to keep in mind (I remember) — to repeat, to review (I repeat) — to call, to call up (I call) — to postpone, to delay (I postpone) — to watch, to take care (I watch) — to tease, to annoy, to vex (I ...) — to tease, to irritate (I tease) — to put away, to tidy up, to clean, to put in order (I put away...) — to clean up (I clean up) — to surprise someone (I surprise) — to ask (I ask) — to keep on asking (I ...) — to lock (I lock) — to unlock (I unlock) — to believe (I believe) -135- pritoževati se pritožiti se kričati tepsti se dati delati storiti narediti napraviti praviti reci pobrati prebrati stati sedeti sesti usesti se (pritožujem se) (pritožim se) (kričim) (tepem se) (dam) (delam) (storim) (naredim) (napravim) (pravim) (rečem) (poberem) (preberem) (stojim) (sedim) (sedem) (usedem se) to keep on complaining (I •..) to complain (I complain) to yell, to shout (I yell) to fight (I fight) to give, to put (I give, I put) to work} to do (I work, I do) to do, to make (I do, I make) to do, to make (I do, I make) to do, to make (I do, I make) to tell, to say (I tell, I say) — to say, to tell (I say, I teli) — to pick up (I pick up) — to read through (I read through) to stand (I stand) to sit (I sit) to sit down, to take a seat (I«..) to sit down, to take a seat (I*..) Other words — Druge besede vsaj te vrste pred jedjo po jedi in tako naprej in tako dalje (itd.) Everyday expressions — Vsakdanji Saj veš! Predobro ti jej Vsega imaš preveč I Kako ti le lepo! Otroci so lep£ vzgojeni. Ljubi svojega bližnjega, kakor samega sebe! Kar je res govori, kar je dobro, stori! Ne odlgsaj na jutri, kar lahko d^nes storiš! at least of this kind before meal(s) after meal(s) and so on and so forth (etc.) izrazi You know it! You have it too well! You have too much of everything! How nice you have it! The children are brought up well! Love your neighbor as yourself! Say what is true, do what is good! Don't postpone until tomorrow what you can do today! Note — Opomba In Slovenian, we have four verbs meaning "TO DO": "DELATI," "STORITI," "NAPRAVITI" and "NAREDITI." The verb "DELATI" has the additional meaning of "TO WORK." When "DELATI" means "TO DO," it is usually translated in the progressive form: "I am doing," etc. Examples Kaj delaš zdaj? What are you doing now? Kaj si delal tam? What were you doing there? But: Kje delas? Where do you work? The verbs "NAREDITI" and "NAPRAVITI" have the additional meaning of getting something done and are usually followed by an object. The verb "STORITI," however, is used either without the object, or with certain abstract or indefinite objects which you will learn as appropriate phrases. Examples Ali si Se naredil domaČo nalogo? 7se ste dobro napravili! Kdo je to naredil? Kaj naj storim? Stori , kar morešI Stori svojo dolžnost! Did you do your homework yet? You did everything well! Who did this? What should I do? Do what you can! Do your duty! II. THE IMPERATIVE -- VELELNIK The imperative expresses a command, has the following forms i 1. the singular or the familiar formt Daj! 2. the dual form (used only for two)i Dajta! 3. the plural or the formal form* Dajte! 4. the first person plural formi Dajmo! In Slovenian, the imperative Give! You two give! Give! Let us give! A. THE FORMATION OF THE IMPERATIVE "m" 1. For the "—a" conjugation verbs, simply drop the the first person, singular, present tense, and addi from J JTA JTE JMO Examples DA-M DELA-M POMAGA-M for the singular or the familiar form for the dual form for the plural or the formal form for "Let us ..." Daj! Dajta! Delaj! Delajta! Pomagaj! Pomagajta! Dajte! Delajte! Pomagajte! D^ jmo i Delajmo! Pomagajmo! 2. For the "—i" conjugation verbs, simply drop the "m" for the singular or the familiar form of the imperative and add "TA" for the dual, "TE" for the plural or the formal form, and "MO" for "Let us ..." Examples SPI-M Spi! Spita! Spite! Spimo! GOVORI-M Govori! Govorita! Govorite! Govorimo! uCl-M SE Uči se! Učita se! Učite"se! Učimo se! Uči se! 3. For the "—e," "—ne," and "—je" conjugation verbs, drop the "em" from the first person, singular, present tense, and add t I — for the singular or the familiar form ITA — for the dual form ITE — for the plural or the formal form IMO — for "Let us ..." Examples BER-EM Beri! Berita! Berite! Berimo! OSTAN-EM Ostani! Ostanita! Ostanite! Ostanimo! POSLJ-EM Pošlji! Pošljita! Pošljite! Pošljimo! Some verbs have irregular imperatives which must be memorized. The most important of these are the followingi BITI ITI PRITI VZETI IMETI GLEDATI POGLEDATI POVEDATI JESTI PITI PETI VEDETI TECl RECI SPECI USESTI OBLECI SMEJATI Note -Por the (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO (TO TO Opomba dual form SE SE SE BE) GO) COME) TAKE) HAVE) WATCH) LOOK AT) TELL) EAT) DRINK) SING) KNOW) RUN) SAY) BAKE) SIT DOWN) DRESS) SMILE, LAUGH) Singular Bodi! Pojdi! Pridi! Vzemi! Imej! Glej: Poglej: povg.j: Jej: Pij! Poj: Vedi: Teci: Reci: Speci: Usedi se! Obleci Smej se; se! Plural Bodite! Pojdite! Pridite! Vzemite! Imejte! Glejte! Poglejte! Povejte! Jejtei Pijte! Pojte! Vedite! Tecite! Recite! Specite! Usedite se! Oblecite se Smelte se! Let us .T. Bodimo! Pojdimo! Pridlmo! Vzemimo! Imejmo! Glejmo! Poglejmo! Povejmo! Je, jmo! Pijmo! p£ jmo! Vedimo! Tecimo! Recimo! Specimo! Usedlino se! Oblecimo se Smejmo se! of the imperative of the verbs listed above, simply change "te" to "ta." For example« Bodita! SOME ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE IMPERATIVE 1. Note that the first person plural imperative is always translated as "Let us ..." or "Let's ..." Examples Pojmo or Zapojmo! Let's sing! Pojdimo skupaj! Let's go together! Začnimo! Let's begin! 2. To make a command negative, simply place "NE' the imperative. Examples in front of Ne smej se! Ne Čakaj me! Ne poslušaj ga! Don't laugh! Don't wait for me! Don't listen to him: 3. To make a negative command even stronger, or more emphatic, the word "NIKAR" is placed in front of the "NE" and the IMPERATIVE FORM OF THE VERB. The word "NIKAR" has no meaning in itself; it is used only to emphasize the negative command. Examples Nikjir me ne čakaj! Nikjir se ne jokaj! Nikar mu ne verjemi! Nikar jih ne vprašaj! Don't wait for me! Don't cry! Don't believe him! Don't ask them! Sometimes, especially in signs, a command is expressed with the adjective "PREPOVEDAN, A, 0" which means "PROHIBITED." Some of the more common expressions arei Parkiranje prepovedano! No parking! Kaditi prepovedano! No smoking! Taborenje prepovedano! No camping! Vstop prepovedan! No admittance! Prepovedana pot! No trespassing! 5. In colloquial speech, the imperative is often expressed with the verb "DATI" and the SUPINE t Examples Daj nekaj jest! Eat something! D^jte nekaj zapet! Sing something! Dajmo jih presenetit! Let's surprise them! Daj ga vprašat! Ask him! Daj jo poklicat'. Call her! Colloquially, negative commands are very often expressed simply with "NE" and the SUPINE i Examples Ne mu povedat! Don't tell him! Ne nas Čakati Don't wait for us! Ne se tepst! Don't fight! Ne še it! Don't go yet! Ne me vprašat! Don't ask me! Ne ga motit zdaj! Don't disturb (bother) him now! 6. To order someone to stop doing something, use the imperative form of the verb "NEHATI" and the INFINITIVE i Examples Nehaj govoriti! Stop talking! Nehajte brati! Stop reading! Nehajmo se prepirati! Let's stop arguing! 7. The possessive pronouns are usually omitted with the imperatives i Examples Naredi domačo nalogo! Do (your) homework! Ubogaj starše! Obey (your) parents! Poslušaj učiteljico! Listen to (your) teacher! Obesi plašč! Hang up (your) coat! C. FREQUENTLY USED IMPERATIVES Listed below are some of the frequently used imperatives. Read them over many times, until you know them by heart. (Only the singular or the familiar form is listed. For the dual, simply add "ta"i for the plural or the formal form, add "te"i and to use the "Let us ..." form, add "mo.") 1. Oprosti! Excuse me! 2. Odpri okno! Open the window! 3» Zapri vr&ta! Close the door! 4. Zakleni avto! 5. Odkleni to sobo! 6. Prižgi luc (televizijo)! 7. Ugasni luČ (televizijo)! 8. Vstani! 9* Ostani pri nas! 10. Sedi or usedi se! 11. Pridi (noter, sem, bliže, kmalu, takoj)! 12. Pojdi (ven, tja, domov, stran, z manoT* 13» Pojdi spat! 14. Počakaj me! 15. Ne me čakat! (Ne čakaj me!) 16. Pohiti! 17* Ubogaj starše! 18. Pazi! 19* Pazi se! 20. Okrog se obrni! 21. Zagrni zaveso! 22. Premisli! 23* Poberi (igrače, smeti)! 24. Pobriši prah! 25. Nesi ven smeti (odpadke)J 26. Daj v smeti! 27. Pomij (pobriši) posodo! 28. Jej~počasi! 29. Pojej vso juho! 30. Popij mleko! 31. Ne pij te vode! 32. Naredi domačo nalogo! 33. Podpiši se tu! 34. Nauči se na pamet! 35* Nauči se olike! 36. Poglej! (Daj pogledat!) 37. Vprašaj nekoga drugega! 38. Tiho bodi! 39. Daj mir! 40. Pusti me pri miru! 41. Bodi brez skrbi! 42. Ne skrbi zame Tza nas)! 43. Bodi previden! 44. Vozi previdno! 45* Bodi pameten! 46. Pripravi mizo! 47. Daj večerjo na mizo! 48. Pospravi svojo sobo! 49. Pospravi za seboj"! 50. Hodi po pločniku! 51. Ne hodi po~travi! 52. Drži se pravil! 53» Preberi navodila! 54. Izpolni obrazec (formular)! Lock the car! Unlock this room! Turn on the light (the television) Turn off the light (the T.V.)! Stand up! Get up! Stay with us! Sit down! Take a seat! Come (inside, here, closer, soon, immediately)! Go (out, over there, home, away, with me)! Go to bed! Wait for me! Don't wait for me! Hurry up! Obey (your) parents! Be careful! Pay attention! Watch out! Turn around! Close the curtain! Think it over! Pick up (the toys, the trash)! Dust! (Wipe the dust!) Take out the rubbish (the garbage) Put (it) in the garbage! Wash (wipe) the dishes! Eat slowly! Eat all the soup! Drink (up) the milk! Don't drink this water! Do your homework! Sign here! Memorize! Learn (it) by heart! Learn (your) manners! Look! Ask someone else! Be quiet! Be quiet! (literallyi Give peace!) Leave me alone! Don't worry! Don't worry about me (us)! Be careful! Be prudent! Drive carefully! Be sensible! Set the table! Put supper on the table! Clean your room! Clean up after yourself! Walk on the sidewalk! Don't walk on the grass! Follow the rules! Read the directions (instructions) Fill out the form! 55» Kmalu se pozdravi! 56. Pozdravi vse domače! 57. Pospravi (obleko, knjige)! 58. Lepa se obnašaj! 59. Ne odgovarjaj! 60. Nikar ne hodi sam! 61. Nikar ga ne lomi! 62. Ne moti me zdaj! 63. Ne draži me! (Ne me dražit!) 64. Ne bodi hud(a) name'. 65. Ne jazi se n^me! 66. Nikar ne zameri! 67. Poišči (ključe, kapo)! 68. Nikar se ne pritoluj! 69. Ne pozabi! (Ne pozabit!) 70. Zapomni si! 71. Umij si roke! 72. Umij si zobe! 73- Umij se! 74* Zapni si plašČ! 75. Zavgli Bi čevlje! 76. Osnaži si Čevlje! 77» Počeši se! 78. Odpocij se! 79. Obuj se! 80. Sezuj sej 81. Obleci se! 82. Obleci si plaič! 83. Sleci se! 84. Prlšij gumb! 85. Ne odlašaj predolgo! 86. Ne polij mleka! 87. Nalij caj v skodelico! 88. Reci mu! (Povej mu!) 89. Povej ji! (Reci ji!) 90. Verjemi mi! 91. Prinesi mi! 92. Daj mi! 93- Pozor! 94. Pozor, hud pes! 95. Stoj! 96. Gori! 97. Porini! 98. Potigni! 99. Pokliči policijo! 100. Pokliči gasilce! 101. Pokliči rešilni avto! 102. Ne dotikaj se! Ne prijemaj! 103. Ne kriči! (Ne kričat!) 104. Napiši ime in naslov! Get well soon! Give my regards to everyone at home! Put away (your clothes, books)! Behave yourself! Don't talk back! Don't argue! Don't go by yourself! Don't be foolish! Don't bother (disturb) me now! Don't tease me! Don't be mad at me! Don't be mad at me! Don't hold it against me! Forgive me! Look for (the keys, the cap)! Don't complain! Don't forget! Remember! Keep in mind! Wash your hands! Brush your teeth! Wash yourself! Button your coat! Tie your shoes! Clean (polish) your shoes! Comb yourself! Take a rest! Take it easy! Put on your shoes! Take off your shoes! Get dressed! (Dress yourself!) Put on your coat! Get undressed! (Undress yourself!) Sew on the button! Don't wait too long! Don't spill the milk! Pour the tea into the cup! Tell him! Tell her! Believe me! Bring me! Give me! Caution! Beware of (mean) dog! Stop! Fire! (literally* It's burning!) Push! Pull! Call the police! Call the firemen! Call the rescue (ambulance) car! Don't touch! Don't touch! Don't yell! Don't shout! Write down (your) name and address! Ill . EXERCISES — VAJE A. Choose the correct answer — Izberi pravilni odeovor 1. Come soon! a. Bodi previden! 2. Don't complain! b. Vsega imgS preveč 3. Be on time! c. NauČi se na pjunet 4. Don*t go! Č. Ne bodi len! 5. Stop! d. Ne draSi me! 6. Listen! e. Kmalu pridi! 7. Be quiet! f. Poslušaj! 8. Caution! e. Tiho bodi! 9. Do your homework! h. Stoj! 10. You know it! i. Ponovi! 11. Let's sing! .i. Pozor! 12. Call the police! k. Saj veš! 13. Push! 1. Naredi nalogo! 14. Close the door! m. Ne pritozuj se! 15. Stand up! n. Bodi točen! 16. You have too much o. Pospravi sobo! of everything! D. Zapojmo! 17. Turn off the light! r. Pokličite policiji 18. Memorize! s. Porini! 19. Turn on the light! S. Zapri vrata! 20. Sit down! t. Vstani! 21. Clean your room! u. Ugasni luč! 22. Don't tease me! v. Prilgi luči 23. Be careful! z. Usedi se! 24. Repeat i 1. Nikar ne hodi! 25. Don't be lazy! * * • 1. Leave me alone! a. Poglej! 2. Be careful! b. Pohiti! 3- Sign here! c. Bodi pameten! 4. Think it over! Č. Zapomni si! 5. Come here! d. Kmalu se pozdravil 6. Go there! e. Ne pozabi! 7. Hurry up! f. Ne moti me! 8. Wait for me! g. Jej počasi! 9. Hang up your coat! h. Pgzi! 10. Be sensible! • Umij se! 11. Don't forget! .i. Obleci se! 12. Don't worry! k. Premisli! 13. Behave yourself! 1. Uči se! 14. Eat slowly! m. Pusti me pri miru! 15. Get well soon! n. Pridi sem! 16. Don't bother me! 0. Oprosti! 17. Look! p. Počakaj me! 18. Get dressed! r. Podpiši se tu! 19. Study! s. Lepo ne obnašaj! 20. Excuse me! 3. Vprašaj jo! 21. Don't touch! t. Pojdi tja! 22. Ask her! u. Pjojdi stran! 23. Remember! V, Ne dotikaj se! 24. Wash yourself! z. Bodi brez skrbi! 25. Go away! s. Obesi plašČ! B. Write the imperatives of the following verbs — Napiši velelnike naslednjih glagolov Singular Dual Plural Read! Beri j_ Beri ta!_ Berite!_ Bring! _ _ _ Take! _ _ _ Eat! _ _ _ Drink! _ _ _ Go! _ _ _ Speak! _ _ _ Look! _ _ _ Ask! _ _ _ Run! _ __________ Give! _ _ _ Wash yourself! _ ____________ Open! _ _ _ -143- C, Write the negative imperatives of the following verbs in the singular --Napi S i velelnike nasledn.ilh glagolov v nikalni""" obliki ednine Don't write: Ne pisi!_ Nikar ne pili!_ Don't come! ______________ _ Don't ask! _ _ Don't cry! _ _ Don't forget! _ _ Don't smoke! _ Don't tell! _ _ Don't go! _ _ Don't tease me! _ _ Don't bother me! _ _ Don't touch! __. Don't yell! _ _ D. Translate the following imperatives — Prevedi sledeSe veleli) jLke Let's write! Pilimo!_ Let's go! _______________________ Let's ask! _. Let's help! i Let's study! i Let's sing! , Let's wait! _ Let's give! _ Let's bring! _ Let's be friends! _ Singular Plural Write to me! PiSi mi!_ Pilite mi!_ Help me! _ _ Give me! _ _ Tell me! _ _ Believe me! _ _ Show me! ___ Send me! _ Bring me! _ _ -144- E. Translate the following sentences — Prevedi Bledeče stavke 1. Daj mi svinčnik, prosim! _____ 2. Dobro spite! ____ 3. Vzemi torto iz hladilnika! __ Jejte, Če ste lgČni! _ 5. Obišci teto v bolnici. __ 6. Nik^r se ne jokaj! _ _ 7. B^ri počasi! _ 8. Vzemi Čokol&do! _ 9- Pridite zjutraj! ____. 10. Ne kadite! _ 11. Bfidi previden! ______ 12. Bodi točen! _____ 13. Pridi kmalu! _ 14. Zapri vrata! _ 15* Odprite okno, prosim! _ 16. Govorite slovensko! _ 17* Pojdi z mano (menoj)! _ 18. Zapojmo to pesem! . 19. PriSgi luč v kuhinji! _ 20. Bodite brez skrbi! _ 21. Vozi previdno! ____ 22. Počakaj me! _____________________ 23. Uči se! __ 24. Poslušaj mamo! _________________________ 25. Začni delati! _ 26. Ostanite doma! , 27. Pojdimo ven! _ 28. Ponovimo te besede! _ 29. Preberi to pismo! _ 30. Pripravi mizo! _ 31. Prinesi mi skodelico kave! _ 32. Jej klobaso! _ 33. Pij mleko! _ 34. Ne govori tako glasno! _ 35. Pridi v nedeljo! 36. NauČi se na pamet to pesem! 37. Pokličite policijo! 38. Pohiti! Vsi te Čakamo. 39. Gori! Pokliči gasilce! 40. Ostani pri nas! 41. Hitro vstani, da ne bos p£zen. 42. Popravi napake v domaČi nalogi! 43» Vstop prepovedan! 44. Hitro pokliči zdravnika! 45. Ugasni luč v Bpalnici! 46. Igraj klavir vsaj pol ure vsak dan! 47. Tiho bodi! 48. Sedite! 49. VstaniteJ 50. PiŠi mi, kako se imaš! 51. Pošlji mi svojo sliko! 52. Jej veliko zelenjave! 53* Ne bodi tako len! 54. Bodite veseli, da ste zdravi! 55. Povej mi, kje si bil! 56. Povej mi, kam greš! 57. Pojdi domov! 58. Lepo se obnašaj! 59. Parkiranje prepovedano! 60. Daj juho na mizo! 61. Ne bodi hud name! 62. Ne dotikaj se! 63. Nikar ga ne moti zdaj! 64. Ne se tepst! 65. Ne pozabit! 66. Daj mi povedat! 67. D^jmo jim pomagat! 68. Izpolni obrazec! _ 69. Podpiši ček! _ 70. Umi j si roke pred jedjo! _ 71. Umij si zobe po vs^ki jedi! _ 72. Pospravi za seboj! _ 73* Pomij in pobriši posodo po _ več erj i! _ 74. Nehaj se pritoževati! _ 75» Presenetimo jih! (Dajmo _ jih presenetit!) _ P. Translate into Slovenian using either the singular or the plural form — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. Hurry up! _ 2. Don't worry! _ 3* Let's go together! _______________________ 4. Open the door! m 5. Lock the car! _ 6. Turn off the light in your _ room? _ 7. Turn on the light, please! _ 8. Wash your hands! _ 9. Brush your teeth! _ 10. Watch out! _ 11. No smoking! __ 12. Wait for me! _ 13. Be quiet! _ 14. Come herel 15* Take out the garbage! _ 16. Don't drink so much coffee! _ 17* Don't eat so many sweets! _ 18. Don't watch so much T.V.! _ 19» Go with me! _ 20. Sit down, please! _ 21. Fill out this form, please! _ 22. No admittance! _ _ 23. Look for the keys! _ 24. Excuse me! _ 25. Obey your parents! _ 26. Listen to the teacher! _ 27. Leave me alone! _ 28. Read the directions! __ 29. Clean your room! __ 30. Take off your shoes! _ 31. Drive carefully! _ 32. Eat slowly! _ 33. Don't tease me! _ 34. Don't touch the photographs!. 35. Get dressed quickly! _ 36. Do your homework now! _ 37. Stay at home! __ 38. Don't forget! _ 39. Tie your shoe! _ 40. Put away your books! _ 41. Put the bread on the table!_ 42. Eat the soup! _ 43. Write your name and address.!, 44. Give me a spoon, please! _ 45. Bring me (some) coffee! _ G. Insert the appropriate word — Vs* r/i ustrezno besedo verjamem pritožuje vstati vsaj pobrati navodil poklical glasba * vozi preberem odrasle draži miru mladoletniki potrebna ponoviti se usesti vrata sprašuje tepejo pazit pomije smeti čevlje gasilce pred jedjo pločniku rekla naredi storiš 1. Naš o5e zelo previdno vozi*_. 2. Zelenjava je potrebna_ za zdravje. 3. Peter vedno draži Mojco. 4. Pozabil sem te besede. Moram jih _ -148- 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Na svetu ni Na tleh je veliko Zaveži si _ mislijo, da vse vedo. Anica lahko vozi kolo samo po Goril Pokličite _ On laže. Nič mu ne _ Ali si zaklenil __ On me vedno _ Stara mgma pride _ Tanja vsak večer _ Jutri zjutraj te bom Ta film je samo za _ Ne razumem teh _ Učiteljica se vedno domaČe naloge. Fantje se včasih _ Težko stojim. Moram Jutri moram zgodaj _ Vsak večer __ Metka mora sjjma Mi vedno molimo Beri slovensko Gospa Hribar je Vsak človek ____ , kdaj ga boš poklical* otroke. Se rngme ni doma. _ posodo. da Janez ne naredi Časopis. _ igrače. petnajst minut vsak dan! _, da bo prišla! napake. Ne odlašaj na jutri, kar lahko danes IV. READING — BERILO Ubogi Janezek — Poor Johnny Ne vem, kam bi šel, da bi se malo oddahnil! Doma vedno poslušam očeta in mamo i "UČi se! Naredi domačo nalogo! Hitro vstani Ne bodi tako len! Pospravi svojo sobo! Nesi ven smeti! Pazi Anico! Ugasni televizijo! Pomagaj mani, saj veš, koliko ima dela! Pojdi v knjižnico in prinesi knjige, da ne boš gledal samo tele- vizije! Ne poslušaj te divje glasbe! Ostani doma! Nik^r se vedno ne pritozuj! Glej, kako ti je lepo! Predobro ti je! Vsega imaš preveč!" Ko pridem v šolo, je ista pesem! Učiteljica pravil "Pokažite domače naloge! Pišite! Berite! Poslušajte! Glejte na tablo! Ponovite! Računajte! Zakaj nic ne mislite? NiČ ne znate! Vedno govorite! Tiho bodite! Naučite se na pamet! Ne bodite tako glasni!" In tako naprej ... Seveda, odrasli bi rjidi, da bi bili^ otroci lepo vzgojeni. Zato so tudi ukazi te vrste potrebni in za življenje koristni. Translate the above reading and underline all the imperatives Prevedi berilo in podčrta.i vse velelnike I. VOCABULARY ~ SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol obisk izlet maček (mucek) avto avtobus vlak tramvaj motor prihod odhod odmor prst glavnik čopič govor pogovor obraz oblak vpliv pritisk pogoj sosedi (sosedje)-sorodniki ~ prijatelji Vogel Neuter — Srednji spričevalo letalo or avion (m.) darilo milo lepilo sonce prijateljstvo — srce oko, oci uho, ušesa visit trip, outing, excursion a male cat car bus train street car, tramway, tram motorcycle j motor, engine arrival departure recess i intermission finger comb paint brush speech conversation face cloud influence pressure condition neighbors relatives friends a mountain in Slovenia gpol report card plane, airplane gift soap glue, paste sun friendship heart eye, eyes ear, ears Adjectives — Pridevniki pristen, pristna, o — genuine, real, typical Feminine — Ženski spol Nemčija postelja barvica vodena barvica planina Tgora) dežela zicnica podzemeljska zeleznica metla pojedina omara zoga krtača teža streha zemlja žemlja mačka (muca) povest vest kazen basen ljubezen bolezen misel prisega volja škarje Germany bed crayon water color mountain country cable car; chair lift subway, underground railway broom banquet, feast cupboard, chest of drawers, dresser ball brush (hair) weight roof ground, earth roll, bun a female cat story, tale conscience punishment fable love sickness, illness thought oath will; mood scissors Other words — Druge besede nikdar (nikoli)-najprej - potem (nato) povsod res v zameno večkrat največkrat za slovo pred slovesom — pod težo nad težo več never first of all then; after that everywhere really, truly in exchange often most often for farewell before departing underweight overweight more desen, sna, o — right lev, a, o — left razočaran, a, o — disappointed Verbs — Glagoli nevaren, rna, o prijazen, zna, o zadovoljen, jna, — dangerous — friendly o - satisfied lepiti nalepiti dihati duhati rezati striči* postreči* srečati se seznaniti se gojiti dobiti pomesti (lepim) (nalepim) (diham) (duham) (režem) (striz em) (postrežem) (srečam se) (seznanim se) (gojim) (dobim) (pometem) to paste (I paste) to paste on, to stick on (I ...) to breathe (I breathe) to smell something (I smeli...) to cut with a knife (I cut ...) to cut with scissors (I cut ...) to serve someone (I serve ...) to meet (I meet) to get acquainted (I get ...) to cultivate, to grow (I ...) to get, to receive (I get) to sweep (I sweep) *The verbs "striči" and "postreči" have irregular past participles i striči — strigel, strigla, striglo postreči — postregel, postregla* postreglo Everyday expressions — Vsakdanji izrazi To je pristna slovenska jed. To je pristno slovensko dekle. Tako je bilo lepo!"~ Nikdar ne bom pozabil. Sem dobre volje. Sem slabe volje. Sonce sije. S kom bi rad govoril? Povsod te iščem. This is a typical Slovenian dish. This is a true Slovenian girl. It was so beautiful! I shall never forget. I am in a good mood. I am in a bad mood. The sun is shining. With whom would you like to speak? I am looking for you everywhere. II. THE FORMATION OF THE INSTRUMENTAL CASE ORODNIK — SESTI SKLON The instrumental case is the last case in the Slovenian noun system. It is used mainly as the object of certain prepositions. It answers the questions! With whom? With what? By what means?. To see the instrumental case in context with the other cases of the Slovenian noun system, please consult the reference sheet (pages 52 and 53 of Volume I). A. THE FIRST DECLENSION (Feminine nouns ending in "a") The instrumental case endings for the first declension nouns are * Singular Dual Plural 0 AMA AMI deklica (z) deklico (z) deklicama (z) deklicami učiteljica (z) učiteljico (z) učiteljicama (z) učiteljicami teta (s) teto (s) tetama (s) tetami barvica (z) barvico (z) barvicama (z) barvicami B. THE SECOND DECLENSION (Feminine nouns ending in a consonant) 1. The second declension nouns ending in "ev" have the following endings in the intrumental casei Singular Dual Plural JO AMA AMI cerkev molitev breskev 2. (s) cerkvijo (z) molitvijo (z) breskvijo (s) cerkvama (z) molitvama (z) breskvama The second declension nouns which have a moveable accent, have the following endingB in the instrumental casei (s) cerkvami (z) molitvami (z) breskvami Singular JO Dual EMA Plural MI luč vas noč klop stran skrb pe£ 3- (z) lučjo (z) luČema (z) lučmi (z) vasjo (z) vasema (z) vasmi (z) nočjo (z) nočema (z) nočmi (s) klopjo (s) klopema (b) klopmi (s) stranjo (s) stranema (s) stranmi (s) skrbjo (s) skrbema (s) skrbmi (s) pečjo (s) pečema (s) pečmi A few second declension nouns which have a semi-silent "e in the last syllable, have the following endings in the instrumental casei Singular Du&l Plural I JO IMA IMI pesem ljubezen bolezen basen kgzen (s) pesmijo (z) ljubeznijo (z) boleznijo (z) basnijo (s) kaznijo (s) pesmima (z) ljubeznima (z) boleznima (z) basnima (s) kaznima (s) pesmimi (z) ljubeznimi (z) boleznimi (z) basnimi (s) kaznimi All other second declension nouns have endings in the instrumental case t the following Singular Dual Plural JO MA MI z i val kokČ)i povest mis (z) živaljo (s) kokošjo (s) povestjo (z) mišjo (z) živalma (s) kokošma (s) povestma (z) mišma (z) živalmi (s) kokošmi (s) povestmi (z) mišmi C. THE THIRD DECLENSION (Masculine nouns) The instrumental case endings for the third declension nouns Singular Dual Plural OM or EM * OMA or EMA * I are t * The soft endings (EM, EMA) are added only to stems ending in a soft consonants B, S, Z, C and J. svinčnik stol papir stric učitelj dolar no S (s) svinčnikom (s) (s) stolom (s) (s) papirjem (s) (s) stricem (s) (z) učiteljem (z) (z) dolarjem (z) (z) noSem (z) svinčnikoma (s) stoloma (s) papirjema (s) stricema (s) učiteljema (z) dolarjema (z) nožema (z) svinčniki stoli papirji strici učitelji dolarji noži D. THE FOURTH DECLENSION (Neuter nouns) The instrumental case endings for the fourth declension nouns are exactly the same as for the third declension nouns i Singular OM or EM dekle (z) dekletom pero (s) peresom okno (z) oknom Tajce (z) jajcem ime (z) imenom NOTES — OPOMBE Dufrl OMA or EMA Plural I (z) (s) (z) (z) (z) dekletoma peresoma oknoma "Jajcema imenoma (z) (s) (z) (z) (z) dekleti peresi okni Tajci imeni 1. When we studied the genitive case, we pointed out that there are some Slovenian nouns in which the stem changes before other case endings are added. We have discussed these exceptions on pages 35 and 36 (Volume II). Please refer to these pages again for a review. For examples 1 j" is added to some masculine nouns ending in "r" z inženirjem z denarjem b. inženir denar but 1 govor z govorom z govoroma pogovor s pogovorom s pogovoroma "t" is added to some masculine nouns 1 £Če z očetom z očetoma Tone s Tonetom s Tonetoma z inženirjema z inženirji z govori s pogovori z očeti s Toneti 2. c. "es," "et," or "en" is added to some neuter nouns 1 drevo z drevesom z drevesoma z drevesi dekle z dekletom z dekletoma z dekleti ime z imenom z imenoma z imeni A few nouns have an irregular instrumental case endings. Please study the following nouns t človek mož dan mater hSer gospa Singular (s) Človekom (z) možem (z) dnem or dnevom (z) materjo (s) hčerjo (z) gospo Dual (s) Človekoma (z) možema (z) dnema or dnevoma (z) materama (s) hčerama (z) gospema Plural (z) ljudmi (z) možmi (z) dnemi or dnevi (z) materami (s) hčerami (z) gospemi Instrumental case of irregular nouns continued: Singular Dual Plural otrok (z) otrokom (z) otrokoma (z) otroci pes (s) psom (s) psoma (s) psmi or psi oko (z) očesom (z) očesoma* (z) očmi uho (z) ušesom (z) uš^soma* (z) ušesi las (z) lasom --------------(z) lasmi zob (z) zobom (z) zobema (z) zobmi dež (z) dežjem --------------------- kri (s) krvjo --------------------- usta ------------------------(z) usti pljuča ------------------------------(s) pljuči tla .....— --------------(s) tli or tlemi * The dual "očesoma," and "ušesoroa" is rarely used. Usually, the plural form is used to express two or more eyes or ears. E. THE INSTRUMENTAL CASE OF ADJECTIVES If a noun is in the instrumental case, the adjective modifying it must also be in the instrumental case. The endings of the adjectives in the instrumental case are t Singular Dual Plural 0 — Feminine IMA IMI IM — Masculine and for all genders for all genders Neuter (z) f:i (z) Examples Singular dobro teto lepo knjigo d£brim stricem lepim dekletom Dual dobrima tetama lepima knjigama dobrima stricema lepima dekletoma Plural dobrimi tetami lepimi knjigami dobrimi strici lepimi dekleti The demonstrative adjectives (this, these) have the following endings in the instrumental case t to — feminine singular tem — masculine and neuter singular tema — dual for all three genders temi — plural for all three genders Examples Rad bi govoril s to deklico, S tem fantom hodim v šolo. S tema kolesoma se ne moreš voziti. Anica se rada igra s temi otroci. I would like to speak with this girl. I go to school with this boy. You can't ride with these two bicycles. Annie likes to play with these children. the instrumental case of certain pronouns 1. Personal pronouns z menoj or z mano * — with me s teboj or s tabo * — with you z njim — with himj with it z njo — with heri with it z njuna — with us two z vama — with you two z njima — with them two z ngmi — with us z vami — with you z njimi — with them * You can substitute other prepositions followed by the instrumental case for "s" or "zwi pred mano, med ngmi, etc. 2. Reflexive pronoun s seboj or s sabo — with oneself 3. Interrogative pronouns Instrumental Kdo? — Who? S kom? — With whom? Kaj? « What? S Čim? ~ With what? The instrumental case of the indefinite pronouns "ves," "vsi" and "vse" are as follows t vso — feminine singular vSem — masculine and neuter singular vsemi — plural for all genders Examples Z vsem je zadovoljen. He is satisfied with everything. Sem gotov z vso nalogo. I am finished with all the homework. Z vsemi bodi prijazen! Be friendly with everybody! iii. the uses of the instrumental case raba Šestega sklona The principal use of the instrumental case is as the object of the following prepositions 1 1. PRED — meaning BEFORE, IN FRONT OF, AGO Examples Otroci se igrajo pred i^lo. Pridi pred nedeljo! Pred sto leti "je bilo vse drugaSe. Ne jej piškotov pred večerjo! The children are playing in front of the school. Come before Sunday! A hundred years ago, everything was different. Don't eat any cookies before supper! NAD POD MED meaning BEHIND, Examples Peter sedi za mizo. Za zimo pride pomlad. meaning OVER, ABOVE Examples Letalo leti nad morjem. Ptice letajo nad hišami. meaning UNDER Examples Svinčnik je pod stolom. Pes je pod mizo. meaning BETWEEN, Peter is sitting behind the table. After winter comes spring, The plane is flying above the ocean. The birds are flying over the houses. The pencil is under the chair. The dog is under the table. AMONG, DURING Examples Med hišami so vrtovi. The gardens are between the houses. He is always among the children. There iB friendship among the students. We'll see each other during the intermission. On je vedno med otroci. Prijateljstvo je med učenci. Med odmorom se bomo videli. »S or Z - meaning WITH or BY MEANS OF Examples Grem z bratom. PiŠem s svinčnikom. Jem z žlico. Grem z vlakom. I am going with (my) brother. I write with a pencil. I eat with the spoon. I am going by train. ♦In reading the prepositional phrases with "S" or "Z," the preposition and the object should read as one word. For examples z Ano pronounce it as one wordi zAno s tabo pronounce it as one word* stabo The prepositions "S" and "Z" both mean "WITH" or "BY MEANS OF." Please study the following important rule when to use MS" and when to use "Z"i USE "S" BEFORE ALL UNVOICED CONSONANTS. ALL THE UNVOICED CONSONANTS ARE FOUND IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS t SKAFEC HOČE PASTI. (There are nine unvoiced consonants« C, C, S, S, F, H, K, P, and T.) SKAFEC HOCE PASTI. s škofom s kavo s fantom s cunjo s harmoniko s čebulo s peresom s stricem s teto ■- with the bishop — with coffee -- with (my) boyfriend — with a rag — with the accordion — with onion(s) — with a pen — with (my) uncle -- with (my) aunt USE "Z" BEFORE ALL VOWELS AND BEFORE ALL VOICED CONSONANTS. the vowels are i the voiced consonants are* A, E, I, 0, and U B, D, G, J, L, M, N, R, V, Z, 2 Examples z Anico eno roko igračo z z z očmi z uro bonboni denarjem gospo juho z limono z ra^mo nogo roko veliko žlico zdravnikom žogo with Annie with one hand with a toy with the eyes with a watch with candy with money with a lady with the soup with the lemon with (my) mother with the foot with the hand with a big spoon with the doctor with the ball B. The instrumental case is also used with the following verbs i 1. BITI ZADOVOLJEN (Z or S) — meaning TO BE SATISFIED WITH Examples Ali si zadovoljen s službo? or TO BE PLEASED WITH Oče ni bil zadovoljen z mojim spričevalom. Lenka je bila~zadovoljna z darilom. Are you satisfied with (your) job? Father was not satisfied with ray report card. Helen was satisfied with (her) gift. 2. *BITI RAZOČARAN NAD — meaning TO BE DISAPPOINTED IN or WITH ♦Notice that in Slovenian, the preposition is "NAD"» in English, the preposition is "IN" or "WITH." Starši so bili razočarani nad otroci. Ali si bil razočaran nad programom. The parents were disappointed with (their) children. Were you disappointed with the program. 3. POSTRECl (S or Z) — meaning TO SERVE Examples Gospa Hribar nam je postregla s kavo in potico. Mama je postregla otrokom s piškoti in mlekom. Mrs. Hribar served us coffee and the nut roll. Mother served the children cookies and milk. C. The instrumental case is also used to describe various kinds of stores or shops. Examples trgovina s Čevlji trgovina s ploščami trgovina s spominČki trgovina s pohištvom trgovina z mešanim blagom shoe store record shop souvenir shop furniture store all-purpose store IV. EXERCISES — VAJE I. Read and Btudv the following prepositional phrases — Beri in nauči se sledeče besede s predlogi pred enim letom pred enim tednom pred enim mesecem pred tremi dnevi(or dnemi) pred patimi leti pred zajtrkom pred kosilom pred večerjo pred jedjo pred mano (menoj) pred tabo (teboj) pred vrati pred odhodom med tednom med letom med šolskim letom med počitnicami med odmorom med prijatelji med soradniki med ljudmi med nami med govorom med pogovorom a year ago a week ago a month ago three days ago five years ago before breakfast before dinner before supper before meal(s) before me» in front of me before youi in front of you in front of the door before departure during the week during the year during the school year during vacation during the intermission! during the recess among friends among relatives among people among us during the speech during the conversation za oblaki za nami za vami za vrati za štedilnikom za hladilnikom pod streho pod preprogo pod posteljo pod omaro pod mizo pod stolom pod luSjo pod drevesom pod zemljo pod prisego pod vplivom pod pritiskom pod tem pogojem z družino s stgrsi z otroci z bratom (z brati) s sestro (s sestrami) z očetom (z atom) z mamo (z materjo) s sosedi s prijatelji z metlo z milom z vročo vodo z žogo z barvicami z vodenimi barvicami s svinčnikom s peresom z lepilom z nožem s Škarjami z očmi z ušesi z usti z nosom z jezikom z nogami z rokgmi s prsti z oljem in kisom z ledom z medom behind the clouds behind usi after us behind you; after you behind the door behind the stove behind the refrigerator under the roof under the rugt under the carpet under the bed under the dresser under the table tinder the chair under the light under the tree under the ground; under the earth under oath under the influence under pressure under this condition with the family with the parents with the children with (my) brother; with (my) brothers with (my) sister; with (my) sisters with (my) father with (my) mother with the neighbors with (our) friends with the broom with the soap with hot water with the ball with the crayons with water colors with a pencil with a pen with the glue (paste) with a knife with the scissors with the eyes with the ears with the mouth with the nose with the tongue with the feet with the hands with the fingers with oil and vinegar with ice with honey 1. relative a. glavnik 2. earth, ground b. pojedina 3. roof c. prijateljstvo crayon 5. čgpič 5. arrival d. leto 6. love e. pogovor 7. sun f. obisk 8. neighbor g. vlak 9. year h. lepilo 10. comb i. noga 11. soap .i. obraz 12. country k. ljubezen 13. visit 1. prst 14. feast, banquet m. zemlja 15. paint brush n. sonce 16. glue, paste 0. de s en 17. train p. streha 18. conversation r. lev 19. punishment s. dežela 20. right 5. sorodnik 21. left t. k£zen 22. finger u. milo 23. face v. b&rvica 24. foot z. prihod 25. friendship Ž. sosed III. Put the following words into the instrumental case using the preposition "with" — Napiži sledeče besede v Šestem sklonu ednine in množine s predlogom "b" ali "z" Singular Plural 1. jajce z .ia.icem_ z .ia.ici_ 2» srce _ _ 3. stol _ _ mgma _ _ 5. dežela _ _ 6. noga _ _ -161- 7. učenec 8. pismo 9. fant 10. letalo 11. obleka 12. prijatelj 13. deklica 14. knjiga 15» drevo 16. otrok 17 * stara mama 18. zelenjava 19. lepo darilo 20. dobra šola 21. to pero 22. rdeč svinčnik 23. zelgna barvica 24. rdeče jabolko 25. majhna hiša 26. nečakinja 27. dober Človek 28. moz 29. žoga 30. velika žlica 31. moja sestra 32. njen brat 33* sveža solata 34. vroč Čaj 35. copic 36. Vlak 37. naš sosed 38. nova igrača 39. star avto 40. modro oko IV. Complete the sentences — Dopolni stavke 1. Igr^Sa je . (under the bed) 2. smo bili v Sloveniji. (Ten years ago) 3. Zakaj ne pišeil ? (with a pen) 4. Grem na koncert . (with my parents) 5. se pogovarjamo. (With our friends) 6. Si zadovoljen 7 (with the dinner) 7. Oce je govoril . (with the doctor) 8. Luč je . (above the table) 9. Usadi se • (behind the table) 10. Učenci sedijo . (behind the desks) 11. 12. Visoko drevo stoji (in front of the house) Starši so bili razočarani nad . (son) 13. Gremo v mesto . (by car) 14. Ključi so . (under the dresser) 15- Pišem . (with a pencil) 16. Otroci se igrajo . (under the window) 17. Tvoja knjiga je . (under the chair) 18. Imam spalnico z dvema . (beds) 19. Težko hodim . (with the new shoes) 20. Gledamo . (with our eyes) 21. Slišimo . (with our ears) 22. Duhamo • (with our nose) 23. pride pomlad. (After winter) 24. pride ponedeljek. (After Sunday) 25. Pismo je . (under the newspaper) 26. Juho jemo . (with the spoon) 27. Meso režemo • (with a knife) 28. Solato jemo . (with a fork) 29. Sli smo . (with the girls) 30. Rad imjjm solato .(with oil and vinegar| 31. Govorili bomo . (with our lawyer) 32. Kje je ? (a record shop) 33. On ne gre veliko . (among the people) 34. Ali si Že govaril ? (with the teacher) 35. Dihamo _.(with the lungs) 36. Razočarani smo bili nad _• (the speech) 37. Sliko moram nalepiti na Črn papir _. (with glue) 38. Ne morem rezati _. (with this knife) 39. Anica ima novo zeleno obleko __ _. (with small yellow flowers) 40. Se bomo pogreli _. (with hot soup) 41. PoČesem se _. (with the comb) 42. Tla pometem _. (with a broom) 43. Barvam _. (with a small paint brush) 44. On piše _. (with the left hand) 45. Ali boste potovali _? (by plane) 46. Ne jej _1 (with fingers) 47. Zelo rad se vozim _. (with a bicycle) 48. Naš maček je _ __. (in front of the house) (with a mouse) 49. Ne morem jesti zmletega mesa _. (with onions) 50. _ se dobro razumemo. (With the neighbors) V. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. Your pen is under the table. _ 2. 1*11 go with my friends. _ 3. A small bench is under the _ tree. _ 4. Who is under the window? __ 5. This is a typical Slovenian _ dish. _ 6. 1*11 never forget my vacation_ in Slovenia. _ 7. We work with our hands. _ 8. The children are playing in _ front of the school. _ 9. Monday comes after Sunday. _ 10. The keys are under the chair._ 11. Don't write with a pencil! _ 12. I didn't write the letter with a pen. 13. We went to Slovenia three years ago. 14. With whom did you go? 15. I saw him a week ago. 16. Wash your hands with soap and hot water! 17. We came with our new car. 18« I am in a good mood today. 19. Why are you in a bad mood? 20. They served coffee and doughnuts. 21. He is friendly with everybody. 22. We are satisfied with everything. 23. They bought a new house with ten rooms. 24. I prefer the room with large windows. 25. I need scissors and paste. 26. Where is the soap? 27. Is this your cat? 28. We must cultivate love and friendship. 29. A fable is a story about animals. 30. Slovenia has beautiful mountains. 31. I didn't hear his speech. 32. Mr. Hribar and I had a friendly conversation. 33. Our house is on the left side of the street. 3Did you get a good report _ card?___ 35* The sun is shining. _____ V. READING -- BERILO Nal obi sic v Slovenj .i i Moj brat in jaz sva Sla pred enim letom z očetom in mamo na obisk v Slovenijo. Sli smo z letalom do Nemčije. V Nemčiji smo kupili lep nov avto in smo se potem peljali z našim novim avtom v Slovenijo. V Sloveniji smo sli na mnogo izletov, največkrat z avtom, včasih pa tudi z vlakom ali pa z avtobusom. Na goro Vogel pa smo se peljali z Žičnico. Povsod je bilo zelo lepo! V Sloveniji smo se srečali z vsemi sorodniki in se seznanili z novimi prijatelji. Tudi s slovanskimi otroci smo večkrat govorili. Nič niso bili razočarani nad našo slovenščino« Učili so nas slovenščine, mi pa smo jih v zameno naučili več angleških besed. Pred slovesom nam je teta pripravila veliko pojedino. Postregla nam je s pristnimi slovenskimi jedmi in z odličnimi pijačami. Zvečer pred odhodom so nam sosedi za slovo pod oknom zapeli nekaj lepih slovenskih pesmi. Zelo smo bili zadovoljni z obiskom. Nikdar ne bomo pozabili naših lepih počitnic v Sloveniji! Translate the reading and underline all the words in the instrumental case.Answer the questions based on the reading! S kom sva šla brat in jaz v _ S1 oveni jo? " ---- Kdaj smo šli v Slovenijo? ._ Kje smo kupili nov avto? __________ Kako smo v Sloveniji hodili na _ izlete? _ Kako smo prišli na goro Vogel? _ S kom smo se srečali v _ Sloveniji? __________ S kom smo se seznanili?______ S kom smo večkrat govorili? __ Kaj so nas slovenski otroci učili?___ -166- I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moski spol denar dinar Sek osebni ček potovalni check čekovni račun racun poštni predal poštni nabiralnik ?aket (ori zavitek) as prosti Čas menjalni tečaj (on valuta Feminine — Ženski spol bgnka pošta poštnina gotovina zavarovalnina tiskovina čekovna knjižica hranilna knjižica hranilnica ~ znamka razglednica dopisnica denarna nakaznica brzojavka (ori telegram kuverta (ors ovojnicaT vrednost — money — Yugoslav money (about 5£ cents) — check — personal check — traveler's check — checking account — account, bill, invoice — mailboxi post office box — letter boxt mailbox — parcel, package — time — free timej leisure - f.)- rate of exchange — bank — post office j mail — postage — cash — insurance feej premium — printed matteri blank, form — checking book — savings book — savings bank — postage stamp — picture postcard — postcard — money order - m.) — telegram — envelope — worth, value Verbs — Glagoli menjati (menjam) zamenjati (zamenjam) oddati (oddam) oddati na pošto dobiti poslati hitati vnovciti vložiti sprejeti zavarovati zgubiti pasti vzeti (dobim) (pošljem) (hitim) (vnovčim) (vložim) (sprejmem) (zavarujem) (zgubim; (padem) (vzamem) — to — to — to ~ to — to — to -- to — to « to — to — to -- to — to — to -168- change (i change) exchange (i exchange) give away (i give away) mail get, to receive, to obtain (i get) send (i send) hurry (I hurry) cash a check ( i cash a check) deposit, to invest (i deposit) accept (i accept) insure (i insure) lose (i lose) fall (i fall) take (i take) vreden, vredna, o z navadno pošto z zračno po^to (ori letalsko, avionsko ) priporočeno zavarovano ekpres Tori nujno) kot tiskovino kar kadar tore j saj Everyday expressions — Vsakdanji Ali bi rad šel z mano (menoj)? Prav rad (rada). Kdaj greš? Kadar boš imel čas. Kadar ti prija. (Colloquiallyi Kadar ti pase.) Meni je vseeno. Ni treba. Res ne vem. Se ni5 ne mudi. Imaš prav. Ne bom hitel. V re du. Bom moral vprašati. Želim plačati v gotovini. Raje bi plačal s čekom. Ali lahko plavam s čekom? Kaj naj obleČem? Kaj naj vzamem s seboj? Kaj naj naredim? Koga naj vprašam? S kom naj govorim? Naj ti ona pove! Naj on plača! Na banki Kje je banka (hranilnica)? Kje lahko menjam denar? Rad bi menjal deset dolarjev. Ali sprejmete osebne čeke? Ne sprejmemo osebnih čekov. Imam potovalne Seke. Zgubil sem potovalne Čeke. Kje naj se podpišem? Tu se podpišite! worth, worthy by regular mail by air mail registered insured special delivery, express as printed matter just whenever; when therefore, so for; also a flavoring particle izrazi Would you like to go with me? I would like to very much. When are you going? Whenever you'll have the time. Whenever it's convenient for you. It makes no difference to me. It's not necessary. I really don't know. There is no hurry. You're right. I won't hurry. All right. (Literally« In order.) I'll have to ask. I want to pay cash. I would prefer to pay with a check. Can I pay with a check? What should I wear? What should I take with me? What should I do? Whom should I ask? With whom should I speak? Let her tell you! Let him pay! At the bank Where is the bank (the savings bank)? Where can I change money? I would like to change ten dollars, Do you accept personal checks? We don't accept personal checks. I have traveler's checks. I lost (my) traveler's checks. Where should I sign? Sign here! Rabim vas podpis. Kakšen je menjalni tečaj? Kakšna je valuta? Vrednost dolarja je padla. Koliko je vreden dolar v dinarjih? Rad bi denarno nakaznico za deset dolarjev. Rad bi vložil sto dolarjev na hranilno knjižico. Rad bi vzel sto dolarjev iz hranilne knjižice. Rad bi dal sto dolarjev na čekovni račun. Na posti Kje je pošta? Kje je postni nabiralnik? Kdaj pobirajo pošto? Kje lahko, oddam to pismo? Rad bi oddal te razglednice. Ali je kaj pošte zame? Nič ni^poste danes. Pošta še ni prišla. Ne dobim nič pošte. Koliko je poštnina? Želim poslati t po navadni pošti po zračni posti priporočeno ekpres Jnujno) kot tiskovino brzojavko Ttelegram) Rad bi zavaroval ta paket. Rad bi nekaj znamk. Rabim deset znamk za razgledni ce po zračni pošti za Ameriko. Dajte mi, prosim, deset pisemskih znamk! Koliko časa vzame, da pride ta paket v Ameriko? Ali lahko telefoniram od tu Ttukaj)? I need your signature. What is the rate of exchange? What is the rate of exchange? The value of a dollar fell. How much is a dollar worth in "dinars"? I would like a money order for ten dollars. I would like to deposit one hundred dollars into the savings account. I would like to take out one hundred dollars from the savings account (book). I would like to put one hundred dollars into the checking account. Where is the post office? Where is the letter box (mailbox)? When do they pick up the mail? Where can I mail this letter? I would like to mail these postcards. Is there any mail for me? There is no mail today. The mail didn't come yet. I don't get any mail. What is the postage? I wish to send: by regular mail by air mail by registered mail by special delivery as printed matter a telegram I would like to insure this parcel. I would like some stamps. I would like ten air mail stamps to America for postcards. Please give me ten stamps for letters! How long does it take for this package to come to America? Can I phone from here? At the post office II. THE OPTATIVE — ŽELELNIK A. To form the optative, simply place the word "NAJ" in front of the present tense of the verb, B. The optative expressions are translated into English by "LET," "SHOULD" or "MAY." C. In Slovenian, the optative is usedi 1. TO EXPRESS A MILD COMMAND IN THE THIRD PERSON t Let him ... Let her ... Let it ... Let them.■■ Examples Naj me on pokličeI Naj ona pride! Naj dežuje! Naj oni plačajo! Note, however, that with the first person, plural,"Let us," the imperative is used instead of the optative. For example t Let us ask! Let us give! Let us begin! Let them ask! Let them give! Let them begin! but i Let him call me! Let her come! Let it rain! Let them pay! Vprašajmo! Dajmo! Začnimo! Naj oni vprašajo! Naj joni dajo! Naj .oni začnejo! 2. TO EXPRESS AN OBLIGATION! Examples Kdaj naj pokličem? Koga naj vprašam? Komu naj pišem? Kdaj naj pride? Kako naj vam pomagamo? When should I call? Whom should I ask? To whom should I write? When should he (she) come? How should we help you? Note that the optative is always translated as "should" when it expresses an obligation. 3. TO EXPRESS A WISH* Naj bodo srečni! May they be happy! Naj bo star ali mlad ... May he be old or young ... Naj bo bogat ali reven... May he be rich or poor ... 4. WITH THE IDIOM i PA NAJ BO! — LET IT BE! III. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleščino 1. Ali imaš kaj znamk po _ trinajst centov? _ 2. Koliko je poštnina za pismo _ po zračni pošti? _ 3• V tej trgovini ne vzamejo _ osebnih čekov. _ 4. On plača vse v gotovini. _ 5. Koliko je zavarovalnina za _ eno leto? _ 6. Pošlji to pismo po navadni _ pošti! _ 7. Kadar boš šel na pošto, mi _ prosim prinesi nekaj znamk po deset centov! _ 8. Ali je kaj pošte danes? _ 9. Ali boš res menjal službo?___ 10. Ti čevlji so premajhni zapie. ___ Moram jih zamenjati. _ 11. Nisem še vnovčil čeka. 12. Kdo je zgubil denarnico? ____ 13» Ali si že poslal paket? _ 14. Nisem še dobil tvojega pisma.__ 15. Rabim veliko kuverto. _ 16. Ali imaš kaj denarja na ___ hranilni knjižici? _ 17. Zgubil sem čekovno knjižico. ______ 18. Gospod Kovač je dobil brzo- _ javko, da mu je umrla mama. 19. Nisem še plačal tega računa. _ 20. Ali lahko plačam s Čekom? _ 21. Kdaj pride pošta? __ 22. Kdaj naj pridem, da boŠ doma?_ 23. Kaj naj prinesem s sabo? _ 24. Ali naj zdaj plačam? - 25. Kje naj se podpišem? ____ 26. Naj reče on, kar hoče._____ 27. Mgni je vseeno, če greš ----- ali ne. - 28. Naj on napiše vse, kar ve _____-- o tem. __ 29. Kaj naj kupim mami za - rojstni dan? -.-- 30. Kaj naj pišem stricu? ____ 31. Naj me on pokliče, kadar _ bo imel S as. ___ 32. Povabi ga, naj pride k nam -- na počitnice! ____ 33. Naj on odgovori na ta _____ vprašanja! ____— 34. Otroci naj se igrajo v ______ tej sobi. __ 35. Kaj naj rečem gospodični ---- Kotnik, če pokliče? _____ 36. Kako naj to naredim? __ 37. Naj oni to naredijo! __ 38. Naj ona pazi otroke! ____ 39. Otroci naj bodo tiho, kadar_______ odrasli govorijo! _ 40. Komu naj verjamem, tebi _____- ali njemu? __ B. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. Should I ask? __ 2. Should I tell him? __ 3. What should I say? ______ 4. Where should we go? _ 5. What should we do? __ 6. What should I give you? _____ 7. To whom should we write? _____ -173- 8. Let her gol 9. Let him see this! 10. Let them hear this! 11. Let him give! 12. Let her sing this song! 13* Let them come! 14. Let him study! 15* Let them have a vacation! 16. Let it be! 17. All right. I'll go with you to the post office. 18. Head this book when you have the time. 19* I would like some stamps. 20. I would like to change ten dollars. 21. I wish to send this package by regular mail to America. 22. I need fifteen air mail stamps for postcards. 23. Please give me five air mail stamps for letters. 24. Can I cash the check here? 25. Can I pay with a check? 26. 1*11 pay cash. 27. I would like a money order for fifty dollars. 28. I wish to deposit thirty dollars on my savings account (book). 29. May I telephone? 30. I would like to mail these letters. 31. Where is the mailbox? 32. When are you going? 33» Whenever it's convenient for you. -174 34. I would like to send this by registered mail. 35. I won*t hurry. 36. You're right. 37. I'll have to ask. 38. It doesn't matter to me. 39. I am looking for a mailbox. 40. Is there any mail for me? IV. READING — BERILO Janez 1 Danes moram iti na banko in na pošto. Ali bi Sel z mano? Tomaži Seveda. Prav rad. Kdaj pa greš? Janezi Kadar hočeš. Meni je vseeno. Tomaži Pojdiva dopoldne! Banka je odprta že ob pol desetih, pošta pa že ob osmih zjutraj. Janezi Zelo dobro! Ob devetih te bom čakal na cesti pri hotelu. Tomaži Ni treba! Te bom prišel iskat v hotel. Janezi Najlepša hvala. Ali veš kakšen je menjalni tečaj za dolarje? Tomaži Res ne vem. Mislim, da je dinar zdaj pet centov. Janezi Bova videla. Rad bi vnovČil tudi nekaj čekov. Jutri grem po trgovinah nakupovat in rabim nekaj gotovine. Tudi denarno nakaznico za deset dolarjev bi rad kupil. Tomaži Denarno nakaznico lahko dobiš tudi na pošti. Janezi V redu. Saj moram tudi na pošto. Rad bi oddal nekaj pisem in tudi znamke moram kupiti. Ali veš koliko je poštnina za razglednice po zračni pošti v Ameriko? Tomaži Res ne vem. Morala bova vprašati na pošti. Janezi Nekaj razglednic bi moral Se kupiti in jih še danes zvečer napisati. Tomaži Nic se ne mudi. Kar jutri jih napiši! Saj je poštni nabiralnik tudi v hotelu. Lahko jih boš tam oddal. Janezi Imaš prav. Ne bom hitel. Saj sem na počitnicah! Torej na svidenje jutri ob devetih zjutraj! Tomaži V redu. Nasvidenje! Translate the reading and answer the following questions -Prevedi berilo in odgovori na sledeča vpraSan.ia Kam mora iti Janez? Kdo bo šel z njim? Kdaj je Se pošta zjutraj odprta? Zakaj ni treba Janezu čakati na cesti? Kdaj bo prišel Tomaž iskat Janeza? Zak^j rabi Janez nekaj gotovine?, Kaj bi Janez rad kupil za deset dolarjev? Zakaj mora Janez iti tudi na pošto? Kaj bosta morala Janez in Tomaž vprašati na pošti? Kaj bi moral Janez še napisati? Zakaj ne bo Janez nic hitel? PQSIA LESSON FOURTEEN 1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. REVIEW — PONOVITEV Fill in the missing words — NapiSi besede, ki manjkajo Barbara bo prišla _< Šolski artobus pride imamo slovensko šolo. Ce bi imel, Kdo je _ Tvoja jopica je Jaz stanujem pri Domov sem prišel Mama je Šla _ Ce bi iskal. _ Ce bi bil zdrav, Ne morem veS _ Kdo _ _. Sem na to? Prosim, prinesi mi Rad bi ______ z maslom i Za kosilo smo jedli Solata je _ Ce _ To sem bral _ Otroci so ze _ _f bi ti povedal. Peter _ Ptički so na Pridite nas Ona dela _ pozabil. _ šel. Ce bi imel Čas, Kdaj greš _ Ce bi bil lačen, čakam! Ste ze bili Ta knjiga je o Kruh je _ at five-thirty) at eight o'clock) On Saturdays) I would give) at the door) on the floor) parents) quarter to ten) to the store) you would find) he would work) eatt full) would think) a glass of water) a piece of bread) vegetable soup) too sour) If I knew) in the newspaper) in bed) I nearly) would like) the trees) to visit) at the bank) I would write) to sleep) I would eat) I can hardly) in Slovenia) animals) in the oven) 33. Kaj ? (would you do) 34. Govoril sem • (with the teacher) 35. V je veliko ljudi. (the city) 36. Juha je • (on the plate) 37. Ribe so • (in the water) 38. Ključi so • (in the drawer) 39. Jajca so • (in the refrigerator) 40. Večerja je • (on the table) 41. Ali boste šli ? (to vote) 42. Ali znaš ? (to swim) 43. Moram • (study) 44. Prosim, luČ! (turn on) 45. Prosim, televizijo! (turn off) 46. « (Let's go!) 47. vrata! (Close) 48. Kdo gre 7 (with me) 49. je oče umrl. (Ten years ago) 50. Grem na koncert • (with friends) 51. Kje je ? (post office) 52. Pismo sem poslal . (by air mail) 53. Rad bi nekaj . (stamps) 54. Kaj rečem? (should) 55. Grem v Slovenijo • (with the family) 56. Mi slišali. (would like) 57. Peljali smo se . (by train) 58. Prosim, 1 . (tell me) 59. prijatelji! (let's be) 60. Kmalu • . (come) Let's review the genitive case! 61. Nimam _ 62. Ne pijem _ 63. Peter ne bere 64. Oce ne gleda 65. Nimam _ 66. Ana ne piše a sister) coffee) the newspaper) television) a pencil) a letter) 67. Mama ne kuha . (the dinner) 68. Nimam rad (the eggs) 69. Ne noznam tvojega . (father) 70. Oni nima.io dobrih (teachers) 71. Peter nima novega . (bicycle) 72. le ni v soli. (The teacher - f.) 73. ni doma. (My mother) 74. ni v bazenu. (The water) 75. ni na mizi. (The newspaper) 76. ni v hladilniku. (The milk) 77. ni na stolu. (The coat) 78. Koliko imate? (children) 79. Mama je kupila štrueo (of bread) 80. France ima napak v nalogi. (quite a few) 81. Rad bi skodelico . (of tea) 82. Prinesi mu kozarec (of beer) 83. Nasa hila ima sest (rooms) 84. Tukaj .ie kol ara . (of apples) 85. Rabim malo . (of sugar) 86. Prinesi ducat . (of eggs) 87. Rad bi kos (of cake) 88. Ne .iem veliko . (of meat) 89. Mari.ia nima niš (mistakes) 90. Mama je kupila Janezku par novih .(shoes) 91. Otroci nima.io nic (toys) 92. Nimam nic danes. (time) 93. Stara mama je kupila škatlo (of candy) 94. Oce bi rad liter (of wine) 95. Ali imal kaj ? (paper) 96. Imam osem in (male cousins, pet female cousins) 97. TonSek je prinesel mami šopek .(of flowers) 98. Kdo je župan ? (of your city) 99. je moj rojstni dan. (March 5th) 100. Jimmy Carter je devetintrudeseti pred- (of the United States sednik . of America) II. Translate into Slovenian— Prevedite v slovenlSino 1. This is on sale. _ 2. I like this very much. ________________ 3. I don't like this. _ 4. I don't like this color. _ 5. Where can I buy the souvenirs_ and the postcards? _ 6. What would you like? _ 7. I am going shopping. _ 8. I need new shoes. _ 9. She needs a new coat. _ 10. This is too small for me. _ 11. This is too big for me. _ 12. There is no hurry. _._ 13. I must ask. _ 14. Do you know this Slovenian song? 15. Please wait for meI _ 16. Don't ask me! ______________ 17. She sent the package by air _ mail. _ 18. I am in a good mood today. _ 19« Why are you in a bad mood? _ 20. What happened? _ 21. I'll never forget. 22. With whom would you like to _ speak? _ 23. The sun is shining. _ 24. Wash your hands! _ 25. Sit down! _ 26. Let him call! _ 27. Let them ask! _ 28. What should I do? _ 29. When should we come? _ 30. Take off your coat ! _ Ill. Let us review the expressions which denote OBLIGATION Obligation is expressed in Slovenian most often with the verbi MORATI followed by the infinitive meaning MUST, HAVE TO, TO BE OBLIGED TO 1. The verb "MORATI" is a regular verb» 2. »—a" Present tense moram moraš mora morava morata morata moramo morate morajo Past tenBe Bern moral, a si moral, a je moral, a, o sva morala, i sta morala, i sta morala, i smo morali, e ste morali t e so morali, e, a conjugation Future tense bom moral, a boŠ moral, a bo moral, a, o bova morala, i b£sta morala,i bosta morala, i bomo morali, e boste marali, e b£do (bojo) marali, e, a The verb "MORATI" is always followed by the infinitive. For examples I must stay at home today. We had to work yesterday. I'll have to call him tomorrow. B. Danes moram biti doma. Vceraj smo morali delati. Jutri ga bom~moral poklicati. 3. In English we have three ways of expressing the obligation. Thus, the same Slovenian sentence can be translated into English in three different ways. For examplet Jutri moram delati. I must work tomorrow. I have to work tomorrow. I am obliged to work tomorrow. The verb "MORATI" has no negative form. To express the obligation in the negative sense (DON'T HAVE TO), please refer to note "C" which follows. Sometimes obligation is also expressed in Slovenian with the impersonal expression "TREBA JE" meaning "IT IS NECESSARY." 1. The impersonal expression "TREBA JE" is also followed by the infinitive. 2. When translating the sentences with "TREBA JE," you can also translate them personally by applying the appropriate pronoun according to the context of the conversation. Examples C. D. It is necessary to help one another. We must help each other. It is necessary to die once! You must die once! Everyone must die once! To express the obligation in the negative sense (DON'T HAVE TO), use the impersonal expression "NI TREBA" with the dative case and the infinitive. For example i Drug drugemu je treba pomagati. Or personallyi Enkrat je treba umreti. Or personally« Or: Ni mi treba . Ni ti treba . Ni mu treba . Ni ji treba . Ni nam treba Ni vam treba jim tr^ba Ni 1. 2. I don't have to (literallyt It is not necessary for me ...) You don't have to ... He doesn't have to ... She doesn't have to ... We don't have to ... You don't have to ... They don't have to ... Notice that the dative pronoun goes between "NI" and "TREBA." If you have a noun subject, you must put it in the dative case when using "NI TREBA." Examples Ni mi treba iti. I don't have to go. Ni jim treba dati. They don't have to give. Ni nam treba poslušati. We don't have to listen. Otrokom ni treba delati. The children don't have to work. Študentom ni treba pla- The students don't have to pay. 5ati. Staršem ni treba priti. The parents don't have to come. The expression "OUGHT TO HAVE" or "SHOULD HAVE" is translated in Slovenian with the conditional form of "MORATI," which is, "MORAL BI." vampi <=>g Moral bi te poklicati. Or i I ought to have called you.* I should have called you. Mjorali bi vam pomagati. Or i We ought to have helped you. We should have helped you. * When translating a sentence with "MORAL BI," you can supply any pronoun subject; it depends entirely on the context of the conversation. IV. Exercises using the expressions denoting obligation A. Translate into English — Prevedite v angleščino 1. Kam morate iti v nedeljo? _ 2. Vsak dan se je treba umiti. _ 3. On bi vara mpral pomagati. _ 4. Vsak dan se moram učiti. _ 5. Nekaj vas moram vprašati. _ 6. Otroci morajo ubogati starše._ 7. Metka mora narediti domaČo _ nalogo. _ 8. H1Š0 bomo morali prodati. _ 9. Mani danes ne bo tr^ba kuhati_ večerje. _ 10. Po slovensko moramo govoriti._ 11. Včeraj bi te moral poklicati._ 12. Ni se ti treba bati psov. _ 13. V nedeljo maramo iti na _ koncert. _ 14. Ni se trgba jokati. _ 15« Teto bomo morali obiskati. _ 16. NiČ vam ni treba prinesti. 17. Mojo uro moraš najti. _ 18. Ni ti treba verjeti. _ 19. Ob nedeljah nam ni treba _ zgodaj vstati. _ 20. Stricu boš moral odgovoriti _ na pismo. _ 21. Moral bi vam pisati. _ 22. To moraš vedeti. 23. Vsak človek mora jesti, piti,_ spati in delati. _ 24. Ce bomo šli pozno na koncart,_ bomo morali stati. _ 25* Morali bi nam pisati, da pridete. _ -183- 26. Kaj moras še narediti? _ 2?. Mana bo morala iti k _ zdravniku. , 28. OČe bo moral kupiti nov avto_._ 29• V cerkvi moramo moliti. _ 30. Ni treba ugasniti luci v _ kuhin j i. _ 31. Enkrat je treba začeti. _ 32. Okno moram odpreti. _ 33« Pošteno maramo Siveti, _ 34. Ni vam treba zdaj plačati. _ 35* Ni ji treba priti na _ sestanek. _ B. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedite v slovenščino 1. We must help. _ 2. She has to come. _ 3* I must know. _ 4. She must ask. _ 5. They had to see. _ 6. Children must drink milk. _ 7. You have to eat. _ 8. I must have your address. _ 9. I have to clean my room. _ 10. Do you have to work tomorrow?_ 11. You don't have to go. _ 12. You must listen. 13* He must finish his homework._ 14. You have to tell me. _ 15* I don*t have to tell you. < 16. I must write to her. _ 17- I had to stay at home. _ 18. I should have asked you. _ 19- We should have gone. _ 20. You ought to have seen. _ 21. You must say "Yes"! _ 22. You don't have to know. 23. I must find your book. 24. The baby muBt sleep. 25. We had to sing. V. Let us review the expressions which denote ABILITY A. The expressions of ability may be expressed in English with B. C. ■CAN," "COULD," and "COULDN'T." Ability is expressed in Slovenian most often with* LAHKO and the regular verb form with the same~personal ending as the subject of the sentence. "Lahko" is an adverb which literally means "easily,1 idiomatically, it means "can." Examples Ali mi lahko, pomagaš? Spela ti lahko prinese poŠto. £li si lahko n&šel knjižnico? Ali boste lahko priSli? but Can you help me? Isabel can bring you the mail. Were you able to find the library? Will you be able to come? When expressing ability in the negative sense (CAN'T and COULDN'T), use the verb* MOCl followed by the infinitive. The verb "MOBl" is irregular and is used mostly in the negative fonn. It is conjugated as follows 1 Present ne morem ne m^reš ne more ne moreva ne moreta ne moreta Past nisem mogel (mogla) nisi mogel (mggla) ni mogel (mogla) nisva mogla (mogli) nista mogla (mogli) nista mogla (mogli) nismo mogli (mogle) niste mogli (mogle) niso mogli (mogle, mogla) Do not confuse the verb "MOCl" with the verb "MORATI,1 which means "MUST." ne moremo ne morete ne mc[rejo Future ne bom mogel (mogla) ne bos mogel (mogla) ne bo mogel (mogla) ne bova mogla (mogli) ne b£sta mogla (mogli) ne bosta mogla (mogli) ne bomo mogli (mogle) ne boste mogli (mogle) ne bodo (bojo) mogli, mogle, mogla) Examples Moram jesti. Ne morem jesti. Moramo iti. Ne moremo iti. I must eat. I can't eat. We must go. We can't go. -185- Note Memorize the following rulei CAN is expressed with "LAHKO" and the regular verb form CAN'T is expressed with "NE~MOREM" and the infinitive, etc. COULDN'T is expressed with "NISEM MOGEL (MOGLA)" and the infinitive, etc. SHALL or WILL NOT or WON'T BE ABLE is expressed with "NE BOM MOGEL (MOGLA)" and the infinitive, etc. Examples On ti lahko pomaga. He can help you. Ona ti ne more povedati. SKe can't tell you. Jaz ga nisem mogel~~vpraiati. I couldn't ask him. Jutri ne~bomo mogli prTti. We won't be able to come tomorrow. Ali greS lahko z mgno? Can you go with me? Ne morem ga razumeti. I can't understand him. Nismo jih mogli najti. We couldn't find them. Ne bom te mogel poklicati* I wont be able to call you. D. COULD is expressed in Slovenian with "LAHKO BI." Examp}^h Lahko bi to naredil. I could have done this.* Ona bi te lahko~"poklicala. She could have called you. Mi bi vam lahko to povedali. We could have told you this. *"BI" is the conditional form which remains unchanged. Again, when translating, unless the pronoun or the subject is expressed, you can supply your own, according to the context of the conversation. E. The verb "SMETI" also denotes ability. It means literally TO BE ALLOWED TO, but in the present tense it can also be translated as MAY. "SMETI" is a regular "—e" conjugation verb and is always followed by the infinitive. Examples Ali smem kaditi? May I smoke? Ali te smem nekaj vprašati? May I ask you something? Otroci niso smeli gledati The children were not allowed to televizije. ~~ watch television. Ce bo premrzlo, se ne bomo If it is too cold, we won't smeli iti kopat. be allowed to go bathing. F. The idiomatic expression YOU SHOULDN'T HAVE... is expressed in Slovenian with "NE BI SMEL(A)" .... Examples Tega ne bi smel narediti. You shouldn't have done this. Metka ne bi smela zbuditi Margaret shouldn't have awakened Janezka. ~ Johnny. Otroci ne bi smeli iti sani. The children shouldn't have gone by themselves. -186- VI, Exercises usinff the expressions denoting; ability A. Translate into English — prevedite v angleščino 1. Lahko bom prišel ob treh. _ 2. Ali vam lahko pomagam? _ 3. Ali vas lahko nekaj vprašam? _ Ali boste lahko prišli v ____________________ nedeljo popoldne? _. 5. Ali smem odpreti okno? _ 6. Ne morem zapreti vrat. _ 7. Ne smeš odpreti televizije. _ 8. Nisem mogel narediti domaČe _ naloge, ker je nisem razumel. _ 9. Ali lahko odpreš to škatlo? 10. Ali vam smem ponuditi kavo? _ 11. Jaz ne morem pisati z levo __ roko. 12. Naš stric ne more prodati hiše_. 13* Ali Bi lahko daš mglo vode? 14. Lahko bi mi povedal, da ne boš mogel priti. 15. Ne morem toliko jesti. _ 16. Nisem mogel brati tv£je _ pisave. 17. Ali lahko prinesel svoj _ gramofon s seboj? 18. Ne bomo mogli začeti brez tebe^ 19. Otroci se ne smejo igrati na _ travi. 20. Ali vas smem povabiti na _ koncert? 21. Ali mi lahko posodiš pet dolarjev? 22. Nisem mogel priti, ker je deSevglo. 23- Nismo mogli ngjti vaše ceste._ 24. Nisem mogel vsega pojesti. _ 25. oSe ne bo mogel priti na _ sestanek, ker dela. _ 26. Moja m^ma bo lahko prišla. _ 27. Nismo ga mogli slišati. _ 28. Ne smem jesti bombonov. _ 29» Ali imam lahko eno jabolko? _ 30. Ali lahko vzamem mleko iz _ hladilnika? _ B. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. I'll be able to come. _ 2. You shouldn't have read my _ letter. _ 3. Can you ask my mother? _ 4. We shall not be able to go. , 5. I can go with you. _ 6. Can you give me a pencil? _________________ 7. I can't understand. _ 8. We can't hear. _ 9. She can't tell you. _ 10. I can't sleep. _ 11. May I smoke? _ 12. Can you wake me up at seven ._ o'clock, please? _ 13. I can't find my keys. _ 14. Can I have a glass of milk? _ 15. They can't see. _ 16. I can't study today. _ 17* Can you hear me? _ 18. We could have gone. _ 19. The children are not allowed _ to eat cookies before supper._ 20. May I take a piece of paper? _ I. A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OP VERBS PONOVITEV GLAGOLOV Thus far we have studied all the five conjugations of the Slovenian verb system. In Volume I we have covered the present (sedanji čas), the past (pretfijcli čas), and the future (prihodnji čas) tenses of all the conjugations. In Volume II we studied the conditional (pogojnik), the imperative (velelnik) and the optative (Selelnik) moods. In addition, we also discussed the infinitive (nedoločnik) and the supine (namenilnik). In this lesson we shall review all the verbs we have studied in all of the above mentioned forms. To make this review more systematic and easier, we have prepared a reference chart of the verbs. As we have already explained, all Slovenian verbs can be grouped into five categories called "conjugations" in accordance with the endings of the present stem. These endings arei "—a," "--e," "—i," "--ne" and "--je." Since the verbs "BITI" (TO BE), "ITI" (TO GO) and "PRITI" (TO COME) are irregular, we shall list them separately. THE IRREGULAR VERBS INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM PAST ACTIVE PARTICIPLE TRANSLATION biti Iti priti oditi sem grem pridem odidem bil šel (šla) prišel odšgl to be to go to come to go away, to depart THE "—a" CONJUGATION VERBS INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM —a PAST ACTIVE PARTICIPLE TRANSLATION barvati čakati Čestitati čitati dati delati delati se dihati barvam (barva-m) barval čestitam Čitam dam dglam delam se diham čakal čestital čital dal delal delal se dihal to color, to paint to wait for to congratulate to read to give, to put to work, to do to pretend to breathe INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM —a PAST ACTIVE PARTICIPLE TRANSLATION OP THE INFINITIVE duhati garati gledati igrati igrati se imeti imeti rad imiti raje (rajši) imeti najraje izogibati se jokati se kašijati klhati končati kopati se kotalkati se kregati kuhati (skuhati) likati mgnjati morati nagajati nameravati nehati obnašati se oddati oddati na poŠto odlašati ogledati si duham (duha-m) duhal garam garal gledam igram igram se imam imam rad imam raje imam najraje izogibam se jokam se kaŠljam kiham končam kopam se kotalkam se kregam (sTkuham likam menjam moram nagajam gledal igral igral se imel imel rad imel raje imel najraje izogibal se jokal se kašljal kihal končal kopal se kotalkal se kregal (sTkuhal likal menjal moral nagajal nameravam nameraval neham nehal" obnašam se obnašal se oddam oddal oddgm na poŠto oddal na poŠto odlašam odlašal plačati plavati počivati podiljšati pogledati pogovarjati se pogrešati pomivati porlbati poslušati pospravljati ogledam si plačam plavam polivam podaljšam poglgdam pogovarjam se pogrešam pomivam poribam poslušam pospravljam ogledal si plačal plaval polival podaljšal pogledal pogovarjal se pogrešal pomival porTbal poslušal pospravljal to smeli to work hard* to slave to watch, to view to play something to play to have to like to prefer to like the best to avoid to cry to cough to sneeze to finish, to end to bathe to roller skate to scold to cook to iron to change to have toi must to tease, to annoy, to be naughty to intend to to stop, to cease to behave to give away to mail to postpone, to delay to look around, to view, to examine to pay to swim to rest to lengthen to look, to look at to converse, to talk with to miss to wash (dishes) to scrub (floors) to listen to to tidy up, to put in order, to clean INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM —a poznati prepirati se prepričati priznati prodati razlagati sankati se shujšati skopati se skrgjŠati slikati smučati se spoznati sprehajati se srečati strinjati se šivati šminkati se Študirati telefonirati tipkati trkati ubogati upati večerjati vprašati zabavati zabavati se zalivati zanimati se zaupati zavedati se zidati zmagati znati žvižgati poznam prepiram se prepričam priznam prodam razlagam sankam se shujšam skopam se skrajšam slikam smučam se spoznam srečam strinjam se šivam Šminkam se študiram telefoniram trpkam " trkam ubogam upam večerjam vprašam zabavam zabavam se zalivam zanimam se zaupam zavedam se zidam zmagam znam žvižgam poznal prepiral se prepričal priznal prodal razlagal sankal se shujšal skopal se skrajšal slikal smučal se spoznal sprehajam se sprehajal se srečal strinjal se šival šminkal(a) se študiral telefoniral tipkal trkal ubogal upal večerjal vprašal zabaval zabaval se zalival zanimal se zaupal zavedal se zidal zmagal znal žvižgal to know someone to argue, to quarrel to convince to admit to Bell to be explaining to coast, to sleigh to lose weight to take a bath to shorten to photograph, to paint to ski to get to know, to get acquainted to take a walk, to promenade to meet to agree to sew to use make-up, to put on lipstick to study to telephone to type to knock to obey to hope to eat supper to ask to entertain to enjoy oneself t to have a good time to water, to sprinkle to be interested in to trust, to confide to realize, to be aware to build to win to know (how to do something) to whistle INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM PAST ACTIVE TRANSLATION OF —e PARTICIPLE THE INFINITIVE brati brisati hoteti ne hotgti iskati izbrati izvedeti krasti lagati moči najeti najti napisati nasti oblači se obiskati odnesti odpovedati odpreti odvezati opeči se pasti peči (speči) pisati plesati plesti pobrati pobrisati počesati se podpisati se pokazati poklicati pomesti postreči povedati prati (oprati) prebrati prevesti prinesti prižgati rasti razumeti se berem (bere-m) brišem hočem nočem iščem izberem izvem kradem lažem morem najgmem najdem napišem ne sem obleČem se obišČem odnesem odpovem odprem odve£em operem se padem pečem (spečem) pišem plešem pletem poberem pobrišem počešem se podpišem se pokažem pokličem pometem postrežem povem perem (operem) preberem " prevedem prinesem prižgem rasem (rastem) razumem se bral brisal hotel n^sem hotel iskal izbral izvedel kradel lagal mogel najel našel napisal nesel oblakel se obiskal odnesel odpovedal odprl odvažal opekel se padel pekel (spekel) pisal plesal pljetel pobral pobrisal počesal se podpisal se pokazal poklical pometel postregel povedal pral (opral) prebral prevedel prinasel prižgal rasel (rastel) razumel se to read to wipe to want to don't want to to look for, to seek to choose to find out to steal to lie to be able to hires to rent to find to write down to carry to get dressed to visit to carry away to discontinue, to call off to open to untie to burn oneself to fall to bake to write to dance to knit to pick up to wipe up to comb oneself to sign oneself to show to call, to call up to sweep up to serve to tell to wash (clothes) to read through, to read over to translate to bring to light, to turn on to grow to get along INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM —e razumeti reČi rezati razumem Trazjjme-m) rjgSem režem razumel rekel rezal risati (narisati) rišem (narišem) risal (narisal) skakati sleči se smeti sprejeti striči teči tepsti se umreti usesti se vedeti verjeti vreči vzeti zapreti zavezati zažgali zlagati se znajti se skačem slečem se smem sprejmem strTzem tečem tepem se um rem usedem se vem verjamem vržem vzamem zaprem zavetem zažgem zlatem se znajdem se skakal slekel se smel sprejel strigel tekel tepel umrl usedel se vedel verjal vrgel vzel zaprl zavezal zaŽgal zlasal znašel se to understand to say to cut (with a knife) to draw to jump to undress to be allowed, may to accept to cut (with scissors) to run to fight to die to sit down, to take a seat to know to believe to throw to take to close to tie to burn to tell a lie to find oneself, to see one's way, to be resourceful THE i" CONJUGATION VERBS INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM —i PAST ACTIVE PARTICIPLE TRANSLATION OF THE INFINITIVE bati se Čistiti čuditi se deliti dobiti gojiti bojim se "(boji-m) čistim čudim se delim dobim gojim bal se čistil čudil se delil dobil gojil -193- to be afraid of, to be scared to clean to wonder, to be amazed to divide, to share to get, to obtain, to receive to cultivate, to make grow infinitive present stem —i govoriti hiteti hoditi hvaliti hvaliti se izpoioditi si jeziti se kaditi kričati kupiti lepiti (nalepiti) ljubiti misliti moliti motiti motiti se naložiti napolniti napraviti narediti naroČiti naučiti se na pamet nositi" odgovoriti odloČiti se odpustiti oprostiti paziti pobrati počistiti počutiti se pomeriti ponoviti ponuditi popraviti poročiti se posaditi posedeti poskusiti posoditi govorim hitim" hodim hvalim hvalim se izpos£dim si jezimTse kadim kričim kupim lepim (nalapim) ljubim mislim molim motim m^tim se naložim napalnim napravim naredim naroČim naučim se na pamet nosim odgovorim odloČim se odpustim oprostim pazim poberem počistim počutim se pomerim ponovim ponudim popravim poročim se posadim posedim govoril hitel hodil hvalil hvalil se izposodil si jezil~se kadil kričal kupil lepil (nalepil) ljubil mislil malil motil motil se naložil napolnil napravil naredil naroČil naučil se na pgmet nosil odgovoril odloČil se odpustil oprostil pazil pobral počistil počutil se pomeril ponovil ponudil popravil poročil se posadil posedal poskusim posodim poskusil posodil to speak, to talk to hurry-to walk, to go on foot) to go to praise to brag, to boast to borrow to be angry to smoke to yell, to shout to buy to paste, to glue to love to think to pray to bother, to disturb to be mistaken to load to fill, to fill up to do, to make to do, to make to order to memorize to weart to carry to answer to decide to forgive to excuse to watch, to take care of to pick up to clean up to feel to try on to repeat, to review to offer to repair, to fix to get married to plant to sit down for a while to try, to taste to lend INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM PAST ACTIVE TRANSLATION OF —i PARTICIPLE THE INFINITIVE pospraviti potiti se potrpeti potruditi se povabiti pozabiti pozdraviti pozdraviti se praviti prehladiti se premisliti premisliti se preseliti se prihraniti pripraviti pritožiti se prositi pustiti rabiti roditi se sedeti seznaniti se skrbeti slišati smejati se spati spomniti spomniti se spraviti spremeniti stati ~ storiti pospravim potim se potrpim potrudim se povabim pozabim pozdravim pozdravim Be pravim prehladim se premislim premislim se prenagliti se prenaglim se preselim se prihranim pripravim pritolim se prosim pustim rabim rgdim se sedim seznanim se skrbim slišim smejem se or smejim se spim spomnim spgmnim se spravim spremenim stojim " storim pospravil potil se potrpel potrudil se povabil pozabil pozdravil pozdravil se pravil prehladil se premislil premislil se prenaglil se preselil prihranil pripravil pritožil se prisil pustil rabil rodil se sed¥l seznanil se skrbel slišal smejal spal spomnil spomnil se spravil spremenil stal " storil to tidy up, to put in order to sweat to endure, to be patient to strive, to try, to take pains to invite to forget to greet to get well to tell, to say to catch a cold to think it over to change one's mind to act rashly, to act without thinking to move to save up to prepare to complain to ask, to beg to let, to permit, to allow to need, to use to be born to sit to get to know, to become acquainted to worry, to take care of, to provide to hear to smile, to laugh to sleep to remind to remember to store, to put away to change to stand to do, to commit, to make INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM —i PAST ACTIVE PARTICIPLE taboriti telovaditi taborim telovadim taboril telovadil trpjgti učiti učiti se trpim učrn uČlm se trpel učil učil se udariti udariti se udeležiti se ustaviti udarim udarim se udeležim se ustavim udaril udaril se udeležil se ustavil ustrašiti ustrašiti se veseliti se ustrašim ustrašim se veselim se ustrašil ustrašil se veselil se videti vložiti vidim vložim videl vložil vnovČiti voliti voziti voziti se vstopiti vnovcim volim vozim v&zim se vstopim vnovČil volil vozil vozil se vstopil zahvaliti se zaljubiti se zamuditi zahvalim se zaljubim se zamudim zahvalil se zaljubil se zamudil zaslužiti zaspati zbuditi zgubiti zlomiti zmotiti se zaslužim zasplm zbudim zgubim zlomim zmotim se zaslužil zaspal zbudil zgubil zlomil zmotil se zrediti se zredim se zredil se Želeti živeti želim • . r živim želel Živel o camp o exercise* o do gymnastics o suffer o teach o study* o learn o hit o get hurt o attend o stop o make a stop o scare o get scared o look forward o, to enjoy o see o deposit* o put in o cash (a check) o vote o drive o ride o enter, o come in o thank o fall in love o be late for, o miss o earn o fall asleep o wake up o lose o break o make a mistake i o be mistaken o gain weight, o put on weight o wish o live, o be alive THE ne" CONJUGATION VERBS INFINITIVE tkESENT STEM —ne PAST ACTIVE PARTICIPLE TRANSLATION OF THE INFINITIVE dvigniti izginiti obrniti oddahniti si odkleniti odpeti ostati poriniti postati potegniti ugasniti utegniti vrniti vstati zaČgti zakleniti zapeti dvignem "(dvigne-m) izginem obrnem oddahnem si odklenem odpnem ostanem porinem postanem potggnem ugasnem utegnem vrnem vst^nem začnem zaklanem zapnem dvignil izginil obrnil oddahnil si odklenil odpel ostal porinil postal potegnil ugasnil utegnil vrnil vstal začel zaklenil zapeT to lift to disappear, to vanish to turn, to turn over to take a breath, to relax, to show a sign of relief to unlock to unbutton, to unfasten, to unbuckle to stay, to remain to push, to shove to become to pull to turn off, to extinguish to have time to return, to pay back to get up to begin to lock to button up, to fasten, to clasp, to buckle THE "~je" CONJUGATION VERBS INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM —je PAST ACTIVE PARTICIPLE TRANSLATION OP THE INFINITIVE (o)briti se dolgovati j£Sti kupovati naliti napredovati obuti odkriti (o)brijem (brije-m) dolgujem jem kupujem nalijem napredujem obujem odkrijem (o)bril dolgoval jedel kupoval nalil" napredoval o bul odkril -197- to shave to owe to eat to shop to pour into to make progress, to advance to put on one's shoes to uncover, to discover INFINITIVE PRESENT STEM —je PAST ACTIVE PARTICIPLE TRANSLATION OF THE INFINITIVE odpeljati odposlgti odviti odviti vijak peljati peljati se P£ti (zapeti) Piti (popiti) pogreti pojesti pokriti politi pomiti poslati potovati potrebovati praznovati prišiti pritoževati se sezuti se skriti spraševati stanovati svetovati šteti ubiti umiti se umiti si pote umiti si zobe zašiti zavarovati zaviti odpeljem odpeljal Todpelje-m) odpošljem odposlal odvijem odvil odvijem vijak odvil vijak paljem peljal peljem se peljal se pojem (zapojem) pel (zapel) pijem (popijem) pil (popil) pogrejem pojem pokrijem polijem pomjjem p£Šljem potujem potrebujem praznujem prišijem pritozujem se sezujem se skrijem sprašujem stanujem svetujem Štejem ubijem pogrel pojedel pokril polil pomil poslal potoval potreboval praznoval priŠU pritoževal se sezul se skril spraševal stanoval svetoval štel ubil umijem se umil se umi jem si roke umil si roke umijem si z£be umil si zobe zaŠijem zaŠil zavarujem zavaroval zavijem zavil to drive away, to lead away to send away, to send off to unwrap, to unwind, to unroll, to unscrew to drive, to guide to ride, to drive to sing to drink (up) to warm up to consume, to eat everything to cover to spill to wash (dishes) to send to travel to need to celebrate to sew on to keep on complaining to take off one's shoes to hide to keep on asking to reside, to live, to dwell to give advice, to recommend, to suggest to count to kill, to murder to wash oneself to wash hands to brush (one's) teeth to sew up to insure to wrap A. Write the infinitive of the following verbs and translate NaniSi nedoločnih sledečim glagolom in prevedi Infinitive Translation 1. pisem pi Bati_ to write_ 2. upam___ —- 3. tečem __ __ 4. učim se ___- 5. ostanem „ - 6. živim ___________ 7 • vem ---- 8. vozim____ _ 9. sedim _ , 10. pijem - - 11. pečem _____ __ 12. potujem --------— 13. imam rad __ _ 14. stojim____ 15. kupim __ _— 16. postanem _ __ 17. delam ______________ 18. zaslužim___ _ 19. slišim _ _ 20. poslušam __-_ 21. motim ________——-— . ---- 22. dam______ 23. vrnem___ __ 24. rečem___ ___ 25. vstgnem _____________ _ 26. kupujem _ _ 27. spomnim se __- 28. vprašam___ 29- sem________— 30. bojim se___ _ 31. imam raje ____ 32. ljubim _ _ -199- Infinitive Translation 33« znam __ _ 34. odprem _ _ _ 35. povem _____ 36. kadim _ 37. pridem ____ 38. mislim __ _ 39. grem____ _ 40. spim 41. peljem se ___ 42. moram __ _ 43. jem____ 44. spravim __ _ 45. vidim _ 46. nesem ____ 47. zaSnem ______ 48. zgubim __ 49. zaSijem___ 50. iščem _______ B. Write the present tense (first person, singular) for the following infinitives and translate -- NaplSi BledeSe " nedoločnike v prvi osebi ednine in prevedi Present tense Translation 1. pogledati pogledam__I look at_ 2. brati _ 3. razumeti ___ 4. poriniti____~ 5. likati __ _ 6. peti ___ 7. stanovati _ 8. zamuditi _____ 9. paSi__ZZZZZIZZZ 10. prihraniti_________ 11. biti 12. izgubiti ___znzuzuzm 13* potovati___ 14, plavati 15« smučati se 16. pojesti 17. podpisati 18. počivati 19. vzeti 20. tipkati 21. prinesti 22. smejati se 23. politi 24. skriti 25. čakati 26. pasti 27» poklicati 28. najti 29• narediti 30. sli§ati 31. hoditi 32. nagajati 33. hiteti 34. iti 35. prati 36. moliti 37. rabiti 38. poznati 39# plačati 40. kupovati 41. sr§čati 42. jokati Be 43. rgČi 44. hoteti 45. priti 46. zaspati 47. pokriti 48. zaprgti C. Change the following verbs into the past tense and translate Spremeni sledeče glagole v pretekli čas in prevedi Past tense Translation 1. se uČim sem se uČil(a) I studied_ 2. poslušajo _ 3* se bojimo .. _ hodite _ _ 5• ne slilŠim ______________ _ 6. pošlješ __ _ 7. sem _ _ 8. odpre (on) _ _ 9. slikaš _ _ 10. ne plavata _ 11. ne sedim ____ 12. začngte ________ 13. on ne zna 14. stanujejo___ 15» ne gremo __________ 16. govoriš __ _________ 17. vzamejo __ 18. on ne uboga _________________ 19. rečeš _____ 20. niso ______ _ 21. ona ima ______ __ 22. najdeš ___ ___ 23. razumete ____ 24. nismo ___ 25. prodajo ______ 26. delam _ _ 27. se umi.jem _____ 28. moramo ___ 29. on vstane __ 30. ne zmagajo______ 31» ne ostaneva _ 32. ona zašije __________ 33. skrijem _ D. Change the following verbs into the future tense and translate Spremeni sledeče glagole v prihodn.11 čas in prevedi Future tense Translation 1. damo bomo dali__we'll give (put) 2. ne plača (on) ________ 3. rečete _______ 4. pokličemo__... __ 5. povabita (vidva)__ ___ 6. napredujeS ______ 7. ona lika __________________ 8. odprem _ _ 9. rabite ____ 10. moramo_____- 11. ne sliSim _„___ 12. ona ostane____ 13. noče (on) ____ 14. hodimo ______ 15. ne poznajo____. 16. on pove _____ 17. začnemo ______ 18. greva ____„__ 19. ne priznaš _ __ 20. vem __ _ 21. pojejo _____ 22. pojejo _ _ 23. jem __ _ 24. razumete _ _ 25. zgubiS _ _ 26. vzgmel , _ 27. poveste _ _ 28. ne dobim ________________ _ 29. volijo _ 30. ona peče ___________________ 31. motiva _ _ 32. srečate _ _ 33. ne sprejme (on) _ _ -203- E. Change the following verbs into the conditional and translate Spremeni sledeče glagole v pogo.lni naklon in prevedi Conditional Translation 1. postanem (.iaz) bi postal_ I would become_ 2. Pijete _ ______ 3. vidiš _ _ 4. poslušate ___ 5. naredimo ___________„_____ _____ 6. kupite __________________ 7. najdeš __________________ ____——_—____ 8. ona vidi _ _ 9. on ne kadi ____ 10. razijmejo _ __ 11. začneš ___ _ _ 12. ona ne rgče _ 13. posodim ___ _____ 14. spimo ______ _____ 15. jeva _____ 16. on ne vzame i 17. delite _ ___ 18. zaspi te _____ 19. se odloČiš ____ ______ 20. se zbudi (on) _ 21. ne verjamemo __ ______ 22. poznaš 23.5ivis_____ zzzzzzziz: 24. umre (ona) _ _ 25. on reče _________________.___ 26. dasta (vidva) ________ _____ 27. pošljemo 28. usedejo se _ 29. svetuješ__________ 30. rgbimo _ 31. prinese (ona) ______________ 32. bojimo se _ _ 33* napišete ____ _______ P. Write the singular imperative of the following verbs and translate -- NapiSi sledeče glagole v velelnem naklonu ednine in prevedi Imperative Singular Translation 1. pojem Po.i!_ Sine!_ 2. pogledam __ _______ 3. ne grem____ _ 4. sem ___ _______ 5. ponovim__,_______ 6. vstgnem _________ 7. povem __ _ 8. pišem _______ 9. poslušam_____ _ 10. govorim___ _ 11. vprašam __ __ 12. pokličem ________ 13. se ne j&kam________ 14. se učim _ __, 15. vrnem _ _ 16. prinesem______ 17« plavam _______________ 18. odprem __ _ 19. ne kradem , _ 20. usedem se __ _ 21. umi jem se _ _ 22. jem __ 23. berem .. _ 24. pridem_____ _ 25. vzginem ___ __ 26. pomagam___ 27. bojim se __ ____________ 28. oblečem se _ . 29. podpišem se _ _ 30. pozdravim se __- „ 31. delam____________ 32. zaklenem __ _ G« Insert the appropriate word — Vstavi ustrezno besedo razumeli pogovarjamo zgubil skakati zavezati skril pomije nag£jajo napisala popije pometla gledaš sankat večerjamo počivati iji pokličem jok Jia Pil pograla krasti poznam polila » počistiti menjali umij napredujejo odpreti igrata spekla" 1. Ob sobotah pomagamo mami počistiti_ hišo. 2. Mgtka bo _ tla. 3. Marija vedno _ posodo po večerji. 4. Otroci se gredo radi _, kadar je veliko snega. 5• Janez in Peter ____ nogomet. Ne _ tvojega očeta. Nisem ga Se srečal. 7. Fantje radi __ dekletom. 8. Lenka se je _, ko jo je mgma kregala. 9. Pri nas _ ob šestih zvečer. 10. Na banki smo __ dolarje v dinarje. 11. Oči te bolijo zato ker _ preveč televizije. 12. Očka rad __ kozarec vina, ko pride domov iz službe. 13. Otroci ne smejo _ po travi. 14. Ali vas lahko____po deseti uri? 15. Učenci niso _ nove lekcije. 16. Lagati in ____se ne sme. 17. Majda je __ stricu lepo pismo. 18. Marjane a Še ne zna _ Čevljev. 19. Zdravnik je rekel mami, da mora veliko _________. 20. Ne morem__tega okna. 21. Mama je____veliko piškotov in dragega peciva. 22. Ko smo prišli domov, nam je mama večerjo. 23» _. bi nekaj mrzlega, prosim! 24. Tomaž se je ___ pod posteljo. 25. _ — si roke, poglej, kako imaš umazane! 26. Metka je _ mleko po čisti obleki. 27. Danes ob desetih moram _ k zdravniku. 28. Vsi učenci zelo le^o_____ v slovenščini. 29. Kdo je _____ denarnico? Tomaž jo je našel. 30. Mi se radi___ P° slovensko. H. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleščino I. Moramo se učiti, Če hočemo_____—.__ kaj znati. _____ 2. Vsak naj povg., kar misli. _—- 3. Dajmo se skupaj slikat!_________ Janezek je padel, ker ni _______________ ubogal mane. _____ 5. Kaj i§če§ v tej sobi?_____ 6. Zgubil sem ključe od avta. ________ 7. Rad bi vedel, kdo je to rekelj__ 8. NoČem te motiti zdaj« .---------- 9. Ali si Se prebral to knjigo?_____ 10. Imaš raztrgane hla^e. Prosi __ mano, da jih bo zašila. __ 11. Danes si nisem umil zob. _ 12. je oče podpisal ček? _______ 13. Otroci hitro rastejo._________ 14. Ali se on zaveda tega?___ 15. Ali mu lahko zaupaš? _ 16. Kdo je spekel to pecivo? ___________________ 17. Kati ni bila previdna in se__ je opekla, ko je likala. ____________________ 18. £Li je mama prišila gumb?___ 19. Gospod Kotnik je posadil _______ n^kaj jablan in hrušk. _______ 20. Vem, da ste zelo zaposleni. 21. Ne nosim očal- - , 22. Kdo je vrgel žogo v okno? __ 23. On se je zlagal, ko je rekel._ da tega ni naredil. ____ 24. Oni stanujejo v mestu.______ 25. Vsako leto potujemo v _ Slovenijo. -207- 26. Nisem še dobil odgovora. 27. Helena in Francg, se bosta km^lu poročila. 28. Kam naj dam to škatlo? 29. To pesem se morate na pgmet naučiti. 30. Oni Be čgdijo, da znamo Se toliko slovenskih besed. 31. Otroci bodo zbudili Metko, ker preveč kričijo. 32. Ali vas smem nekaj vprašati? 33* Rad bi govoril z vgmi. 34. Nisem ga še srečal. 35. Peter, nghaj nagajati Anici! 36. Poglej, kako Janez dobro plava! 37. Ne bi verjel, Če ne bi videla 38. Kdo nas je iskal? 39. Ni ga zdaj doma. Kmalu pride. 40. Mama pere ob ponedeljkih. 41. Moramo hiteti, da ne bomo zamudili vlaka. 42. Pozimi se gremo smučat. 43. Ali je sosed Se prodal hišo? 44. NiČ nisem rekel. 45. Nič nisem videl. 46. Oce je bil zelo bolan. Skoraj bi umrl. 47. Ne m&rem razumeti, zakaj nočeš iti z nami, 48. Ali mi lahko posodiš pet dolarjev? NiČ nimam denarja s sabo. 49. Kaj vi svetujete? 50. Malo grem počivat. 51. Zjutraj vstanem ob sedmih. 52. Rade ostanem doma. _ 53. Kdo je to prinesel? ____ 54. Mjima plete jopico za Lenko. ____________ 55. Zakaj nisi. hotel priti? __ 56. Pridi nam pomagati _. 57. Koliko si star?___ 58. Kdo ti bo to verjel? ___ 59. Kaj baste pili? _„ 60. Lepo ste zapeli. _____ 61. Ali si le oddal razglednice __ na poŠto? _. 62. Ste že kaj jedli? ___ 63. Ne morem se spomniti. ____ 64. Stric mi je dal novo uro. ____ 65. Kdo je pri vratih? ___ 66. Teta mi je poslala darilo. _ 67. Ali si lahko izposodim to __________ knjigo?__, 68. Ce bom utegnil, bom prišel. _ 69. Kdo je odkril Ameriko? _ 70. Kamu dolgujem dva dolarja? _ 71. Vzemi mlako iz hladilnika _ in ga nalij v kozarec! ___ 72. Kdo ka§lja? _ 73. NiS ne rabimo. _ 74. Kam je izginil moj svinčnik?_ 75. Starši se morajo udeležiti _ tega sestanka. _ X. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. What do you think? _ 2. What did you say? _ 3. He shaves every morning. , 4. I must find the keys. _ 5. Who opened my letter? _____________ 6. Who is knocking? _ 7. I want to know. 8. They would like to know. 9. When should I come? 10. Did you see them? 11. Stop talking! 12. I don't want to tell. 13* Do you know how to dance? 14. Did you read this book? 15« I don't know. 16. I don't remember. 17. Where should I put this? 18. Why are you afraid? 19. Do you walk to school? 20. We didn't understand. 21. You (two) didn't wait. 22. I didn't watch television yesterday. 23. Who fixed your bicycle? 24. She began to study Slovenian. 25. They moved to Florida. 26. He changed his name. 27. They don't accept checks. 28. I would like to exchange this hat. 29. Who takes care of the children? 30. I must tidy up my room. 31. Did you sleep well? 32. I couldn't fall asleep. 33* 1 forgot to call you. 34. We should exercise every day. 35. She lost weight. 36. We made a mistake. 37. Let's celebrate together! 38. Who took my pen? 39. They (two) live on this street. 40. Please lock the door! J. Conjugate the following verbs — Spregaj sledeče glagole 1. Present tense_ Example VEDETI — Positive jaz vem ti ve 5 on, ona ve ono midva veva vidva vesta onadva vesta mi vemo vi veste oni vejo or vedo ZNATI (Positive) ■ TO KNOW Negative ne vem ne veš ne ve ne vgva ne vesta ne vesta ne vemo ne veste ne vejo (vedo) Interrogative Ali vem? Ali veš? Ali ve? Ali veva? Ali vesta? Ali vesta? Ali vemo? Ali veste? Ali vejo (vedo)? GOVORITI (positive) PETI (negative) ZAČETI (negative) ISKATI (interro- SREČATI (interrogative ) gative) 2. Past_tense (Por Example DOBITI Positive sem dobil, -a si dobil, -a je dobil, -a, - sva dobila, -i sta dobila, -i sta dobila, -i smo dobili, -e ste dobili, -e so dobili, -e, DATI (positive) further reference see pp. 192-198, Volume I) ~ TO RECEIVE, TO GET, TO OBTAIN Negative nisem dobi.1, -a nisi dobil, -a o ni dobil, -a, -o n^sva dobila, -i nista dobila, -i nista dobila, -i nismo dobili, -e niste dobili, -e -a niso dobili, -e,-a RECI (positive) Interrogative Ali sem dobil, -a? Ali si dobil, -a? Ali je dobil, -a, -o? Ali sva dobila, -i? Ali sta dobila, -i? Ali sta dobila, -i? Ali smo dobili, -e? Ali ste dobili, -e? Ali so dobili, -e, -a? SLIŠATI (negative) RAZUMETI (negative) ITI (interrogative) ZAČETI (interrogative) 3. Future tense (Fo: Example IMETI Positive bom imel, -a boš imel, -a bo imel, -a, -o bova imela, -i bosta imela, -i bosta imela, -i bomo imeli, -e boste imeli, -e b£do imeli, -e, -a (bojo) VZETI (positive) further reference, -- TO HAVE Negative ne bom imel, -a ne boš imel, -a ne bo imel, -a, -o ne bova imela, -i ne bč>sta imgla, -i ne bjosta imela, -i ne bomo imeli, -e ne boste imeli, -e ne bodo imeli, -e (ne bojo) POSLATI (positive) pp. 212-215. Vol. I) Interrogative Ali bom imel, -a? Ali boš imel, -a? Ali bo imel, -a, -o? Ali bova imela, -i? Ali bosta imela, -i? Ali bosta imgla, -i? Ali bomo imeli, -e? Ali boste im£li, -e? Ali bodo imeli, -e, -a? TAli bojo) POZABITI (negative) BATI SE (negative) VOZITI (interrogative) PRINESTI (interrogative) I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol stroj Šef umor potres zrak vikend or konec tjedna izpit delavec sodelavec kamen roman klas Verbs — Glagoli misliti nameravati garati zahtevati zasluzi.ti uma z at i utegniti or irngti S as obesiti viseti doz t) ret i potopiti uiti ~ uliti delati skrbi — machine — boss — murder — earthquake — air — week end — examination, test — employee, worker — co-worker — stone — novel — ear of grain Feminine — Ženski spol tovarna (mislim) (nameravam) (garamT (zahtevam) (zaslužim) (umažem) (utegnem) (imam Čas) (obesim) (visim) (dozorim) (potopim) (uidemT (uzijem) (delam skrbi) sodelovati (sodelujem) premišljevati (premišljujem) Other words — vsaj nikdar vec nikoli ve5 5eprav or Četudi šele ker le Druge besede - at least - never again - never again - although - even though - just, only, not before, not till - because - just, only pisava šolnina štipendija oqena zgodovina postaja črtica povest mladost — factory — handwriting — tuition, school fees — scholarship, fellowship — grade, school mark — history — stop, station — short line, short story — story, tale — youth to think, to to intend to slave, to to demand to earn to dirty, to to have time intend (I think) (I intend) work hard (I slave) (I demand) (I earn) soil (I dirty) (I have time) to hang up something (I hang...) to hang, to be hanging (I hang) to mature, to ripen (I mature) to sink (I sink) to escape, to run away (I escape) to consume, to enjoy (I...) to cause worries, to worry someone (I...) to cooperate (I cooperate) to be thinking about, to be absorbed in thoughts (I ...) kakor kjer ... tam a, ampak letos lani drugo leto zato or t£re j (zatore j)— jasno as if where...there but, however this year last year next year therefore, for this reason clear, clearly do lanskega leta na avtobusni postaji strog, a, o upokojen, a, o zgodovinski, a, o sam, a, o* — until last year — at the bus stop — strict — retired — historical, pertaining to history — alone * "Sam" can also be used as an intensifying pronoun. For example* On sam je to rekel. He, himself, said this. Jaz sem sam to naredil. I did this (by) myBelf. Oni sani tega ne They, themselves, don*t verjamejo. believe this. Everyday expressions — Vsakdan.ii izrazi 2e dolgo te (vas) nisem videl, Ne spomnim se yasega imena. Ne morem se spomniti vašega imena. Nic se ne smem pritožiti. NiČ se ne morem pritožiti. Vse je po starem. Vse je po navadi. Str&jev je vedno veČ. Veliko sreče vam Selim! Vso srečo~~vam želim! Ne dobim nobenega glasu ... OČe je Že upokojen. OČe je že v pokoju. Kdaj gre oče v pokoj? Ali Se hodiš v službo? Ne hodim več v službo. II. I didn't see you for a long time. I don't remember your name. I can't remember your name. I shouldn't complain at all. I can't complain at all. Everything is as it used to be. Everything is as usual. There are more and more machines. I wish you the best of luck! I wish you all the luck! I receive no word or I hear nothing from ... (My) father is already retired. (My) father is already retired. When will father retire? Do you still go to work? I don't work any more. TWO READINGS — DVE BERILI Pigmo Dr^gi stric! Oprosti, da Ti šele danes pišem. Mislil sem Ti že pisati pred enim tednom, pa nisem utegnil. Moral sem se učiti za izpite. Zdaj imam en t^den počitnic in imam Čas. Kako se imaš? Ali še vedno hodiš v službo? Kdaj boš šel v pokoj? Kaj pa teta? Ali lahko Že spet hodi? Upam, da ji ni treba biti vedno v postelji. Pri nas smo vsi zdravi. Oče in mama delata, jaz pa hodim še v šolo. V počitnicah bom moral delati, da bom Šel lahko jeseni spet v šolo. Nočem staršem delati skrbi, zato hočem sam zaslužiti denar za šolnino. Ker sem dobil zelo dobre ocene na spričevalu, upam, da bom dobil štipendijo, vsaj za eno leto. Zelo radi bi Vaju poleti obiskali, pa ne vem, Če bomo utegnili. Upamo pa, da bosta Vidva prišla k nam na počitnice. Zelo se že veselimo Vajinega obiska. Bom kmalu spet pisal. Tebe in t (51 o lepo pozdravlja Tv°3 Peter Notes -- Opombe rexer 1. In Slovenian, the exclamation point rather than the comma is used after "Dear For example i Dragi Janez! — Dear John, 2. In Slovenian, the personal pronouns of the second person (Ti, Vidva, Vi, etc.) and the possessive adjectives of the second person (Tvoj, Vajin, Vas, etc.) are capitalized in letters only. Na avtobusni postaji Gospod Novaki Gospa Močniki Gospod Novaki Gospa Močniki Gospod Novaki Gospa Močniki Dober dan, gospa Močniki Kako ste kaj? 2e d&lgo vas nisem videl. Dober dan! Oprostite, ne morem se spomniti vašega imena. Novak sem. Poznam vas iz tovarne. Delala sva skupaj do lanskega lata. Saj res! Sedaj je vse jasno. Kako se imate? 0, kar dfibro, hvala. Zdrav sem. NiČ se ne smem pritožiti. Ali še hodite v sljižbo? Od sodelavcev ne dobim nobenega glasu. Gospod Novak i Gospa Močnik t Gospod Novaki Gospa MoSniki Gospod Novaki Da. Drugo leto grem v pokoj. Na delu je vse po starem. Saj veste, garamo! Imgmo dobrega, a zelo strogega šefa. Veliko zahteva od nas. Imate sedaj kaj več delavcev? Ne, le strojev je vedno veČ. Na svidenje, gospod Novak! Me veseli, da sva srečala. Moram iti. Moj avtobus je ze tu. Na svidenje! Veliko sreče vam želim. 1X1. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Choose the correct answer — Izberi pravilni odgovor 1. I couldn't go. k. a. Hočem iti. 2. I would like to go. b. Kam naj grem? 3. I can't go. c. Lahko grem. 4. I must go. • C. Ni mi treba iti. 5. I want to go. d. Mislim iti. 6. Where should I go? e. Rad grem. 7. I ought to go. f. Rad bi Šel. 8. I don't want to go. g. Ne bi smel Iti. 9. I can go. h. Bom šel (sla). 10. I would prefer to go. i. Ne morem iti. 11. I'll go. j. Moram iti. 12. I intend to go. k. Nisem mogel iti. 13. I don't have to go. 1. Nočem iti. 14. I shouldn't have gone. m. Moral bi iti. 15. I like to go. n. Raje (rajši) bi Šel 1. We shall give. 2. We can give. 3. We would like to give. 4. We don't have to give. 5. We don't want to give. 6. We would prefer to give, 7« We can't give. a. Moramo dati. b. Bi dali. c. Ni nam treba dati. č. Nismo mogli dati. d. Raje (rajši) bi dali. e. Radi d^mo. f. Dajmo! 8. We would give. 9. We don't like to give. 10. We couldn't give. 11. We intend to give. 12. We shouldn't have given. 13. Let's give! 14. We like to give. 15. We must give. g. Nameravamo dati. h. Ne moremo dati. i. Ne dano rgdi. j. Nočemo dati. k. Lahko damo. 1. Radi bi dali. m. Ne bi smeli dati. n. Bomo dali. 1. He should have asked. 2. He must ask. 3. He wants to ask. 4. He intends to ask. 5. He doesn't have to ask. 6. He'll ask. 7. Let him ask! 8. He would ask. 9. He would prefer to ask. 10. He doesn't want to ask. 11. He would like to ask. 12. He can't ask. 13* He asked. 14. He can ask. 15* He is not allowed to ask. a. Noče vprašati. b. Namerava vprašati. c. Bi vprašal. 5. RajŠi bi vprašal. d. Rad bi vprašal. e. Lahko vpraša. f. Ne more vprašati. g. Ne sme vprašati. h. Je vprašal. i. Bi moral vprašati. j. Ni mu treba vprašati, k. Naj vpraša! 1. Bo vprašal, m. Hoče vprašati, n. B. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Mora vprašati. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleščino Kdo še ni plačal šolnine? Naj hitro pride! _ Ne bomo te dolgo Čakali. ___ On bo moral iti v pokoj. _ Dobro zaslužim. _ Ona noče sodelovati. _ Letos nameravamo prodati _. hišo in se preseliti v _ Slovenijo. | Sem že prebrjl to povast. _ 9. Ne morem se spomniti, kam_____ sem dal denarnico, ______ 10. Rad berem romane. _____ 11. Kaj premišljuješ? ___ 12. Ladja se je potopila. _ 13. Naš pes je ušel od doma. _ 14. Ne moremo ga najti. ___ 15. Kdaj misliš priti? _ 16. Ali je Janezek dobil dobre _ ocene na spričevalu? _ 17. Na steni visijo slike. _ 18. Čeprav je še mlad, ze piše __ Črtice•___ 19. Nisem slišal, kaj si rekel. _ 20. Ce hočeš, ti lahko posodim_____ deset dolarjev. _______ C. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. I'll stay at home. ___ 2. They sold the house. _ 3. Who bought it? _ 4. Who wrote this novel?___ 5. We ate already. _ 6. They weren't home. _ 7. They went skiing. _ 8. We'll cooperate. _ 9. We came to help.. _ 10. He'll understand. _ 11. Where should I put this? _ 12. They sent us a postcard. _ 13. She said that she'll come. _ 14. I lost my black pen. _ 15. We missed you yesterday. _ 16. Do you need anything? _ 17. We didn't see you. _ 18. Who took my pencil? _ -219- D. Insert the appropriate word — Vstavi ustrezno besedo 1. 2. 3. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. izposodili dozorelo utegnila umrl motati obgsil sodeluje Šolnino ostanemo v pokoj Sezujte se, da ne boste Pater je slabo pisal na Naš £Če je _ Vsaka mati _ Sadje Se ni _ stanujete umazali* ljubi vrnil postal odgovoril kupuje vikend črtico tovarn umazali prižgala nalil romane izpitu fotres ef zaslužim peljemo nameravaš štipendijo . preproge! v tovarni. _ svoje otroke. ker se ni učil. Zelo rad barem zgodovinske _. Oče je _ lepo sliko na stano v dnavni sobi. Stari a^e ne dela več. Je že šel _. V Romuniji je bil valik _. Kjer je veliko _, tam ni Čistega zraka. Na amariških univerzah je traba plačati drago _ Zelo dobri uŽenci včasih dobijo ___, Kdo je napis al to _? Za _ gremo taborit. Učiteljica je kregala Markota, ker ne _. Anica ni _ priti, ker se je učila za izpit. Kaj _ dalati v počitnicah? Čeprav dobro _ denarja. Natgkar nam je _ V kateri hiši _ Odločili smo se, da _ Ali si nisem letos prihranil nič vino v kozarce. _? _ Še en mesec v Sloveniji, Moj bratranec bo _ Zdravnik je že odšel. Vsako nedeljo se _ Naša mama najraje _ na vsa vprašanja na izpitu? _ zdravnik. _ se bo ob dveh. če je lepo vreme. v park, _ v tej trgovini. 27. Ne smeš Marije. Nima Časa, ker se uČi za izpite. 28. Denar si bomo na banki. 29- Ko je Lenka luč, je videla darilo na mizi. 30. Po dolgi bolezni .ie E. Let us review the verbs! Insert the mising words! Ponovimo glagole! Vstavi besede, ki manjka.!o! 1. plavati. (I don't know how) 2. OČe Časopis. (is reading) 3. Ce ga , bi mu povedal. (If I saw him) 4. Pojdi ! (to sleep) 5. nova očala. (She needs) 6. Danes doma* (we'll be) 7. Kje moji čevlji? (are) 8. Kaj , kavo ali čaj? (do you prefer - Formal) 9. Ona ga (She likes him.) 10. Mi te (We'll miss you.) 11. Kje je Janez? (I don't know.) 12. Vam slike. (we'll send) 13. Otroci morajo veliko mleka, (drink) 14. Skoraj bi (I nearly forgot.) 15. luČ v kuhinji. (Turn on - Familiar) 16. Gospod Novak veliko . (travels) 17. Mgma mi . (doesn't believe) 18. priti. (I cannot) 19. Prosim, mi kavo! (bring - Familiar) 20. Kdo okno? (opened) 21. Mama piškote. (hid) 22. Ti (I'll write to you.) 23. Kdaj ? (should I come) 24. Ona ti (She'll tell you.) 25. zdravnika. (We called) 26. Selim ga (I wish to meet him.) 27. Mi v Ameriki. (We live) 28. delati! (Let's begin!) 29. Oni _ novo hišo. (They bought) -221- 30. Mama doma. (stayed) 31. NiČ nočem • (to say) 32. ključe. (I am looking for) 33. 2elim z vami. (to speak) 34. Otroci v šolo. (walk) 35. Mi r^di (We like to sing.) 36. Ti lepo (write) 37. On . (He will not admit.) 38. . da bo prišla. (She said) 39. Kdo denarnico? (lost) 40. Marko tvo.io kn^go. (found) 41. Midva ■ (didn't hear) 42. Oni (don't cooperate) 43. Mi priti. (couldn't) 44. Gospod Kopitar .ie lgni (died) 45. Ali moje pismo? (did you receive - Fam.) IV. SONG — PESEM Zabučale gore Zabucgle gore, zasumeli lesi. — ah, mladost ti mo.ja, kam ušla~si, kje si? Ah, mladost ti moja, kam si se zgubila? K^kor da bi k^jnen v v£do potopila. The rumbling of the mountains, The whisper of the woodlands, Oh, my precious childhood, Why have you escaped me? Oh, my precious childhood, Are you lost forever? Like a lovely oyster Sunk beneath the ocean. I. PREPOSITIONS — PREDLOGI This lesson is a review of the prepositions and their function in the Slovenian language. As you know from your English grammar, a preposition always requires an object. In Slovenian, however, the object must be put into the case which the specific preposition requires. A. PREPOSITIONS WITH THE GENITIVE CASE ~ PREDLOGI Z RODILNIKOM Let us first review the prepositions which require the genitive case as their object. They are* 1. BLIZU — NEAR, CLOSE Nal dom je blizu Sole Our home is near the school in trgovin. and the stores. On stanuje blizu nas. He lives near us. 2. BREZ Nisem rad brez denarja. Ne moremo dolgo živeti brez hrgne. 3. DO Grem s tabo do ceste. Delam do Štirih. Tukaj bom ostal do junija. GLEDE Govoriti moram z zdravnikom~glede zdravja. 5. IZ Vzemi mleko iz hladilnika! Kdo je vzel bombone iz škatle? 6. IZMED Kdo izmed učencev zna to pesem? 7. IZVEN Bolnik je izven nevarnosti. WITHOUT I don't like to be without money. We can't live long without food. UP TO, TO, UNTIL I am going with you (up) to the street. I work until four o'clock. I'll stay here until June. REGARDING, IN REGARDS TO, CONCERNING I must speak to the doctor concerning (my) health. OUT OF, FROM Take the milk out of the refrigerator! Who took the candies out of the box? FROM AMONG, FROM BETWEEN, AMONG, BETWEEN Who (from) among the students knows this song? OUTSIDE OF, OUT OF The patient is out of danger. Stanujemo izven mesta. 8. MIMO Sli smo mimo muzeja. V solo grem mimo knjižnice. 9. namesto Namesto kave bi rajši čaj. Namesto darila ti bom dal pet dolarjev. 10. OD Nisem te videl od nedelje. To pismo sem dobil od strica. Delam od devetih do p^tih. 11. OKOLI, OKROG Rad bi Šel okrog sveta. Sedimo okoli mize. 12. ONKRAJ, NA ONI STRANI — Moja stara mama živi onkraj mesta. Regrat raste onkraj ograje. 13. POLEG, ZRAVEN Poleg naše šole zidajo novo knjižnico. Usedi se poleg mene! 14. TIK POLEG, TIK ZRAVEN — Tik poleg naše hiše je gozd. 15. PREKO Sli smo preko polja. 16. RAZEN Vsi razen mame smo Šli na počitnice. Vsi učgnci razen Janeza so dobili dobre ocene. We live outside of the city. PAST We went past the museum. I go to school past the library. INSTEAD OF Instead of coffee I would prefer tea. Instead of a gift I'll give you five dollars. AWAY FROM, FROM, SINCE I didn't see you since Sunday. I received this letter from (my) uncle. I work from nine to five. AROUND, ABOUT I would like to go around the world. We are sitting around the table. ON THE OTHER SIDE OF My grandmother lives on the other side of the city. Dandelion grows on the other side of the fence. BESIDE, NEXT TO They are building a new library next to our school. Sit down next to me! JUST NEXT TO, JUST BESIDE There is a forest just next to our house. ACROSS, THROUGH We went across the field. EXCEPT All of us, except mother, went on vacation. All the students, except John, received good grades. 17. SREDI, NA SREDI — IN THE MIDDLE OP Date se zbudi sredi The baby awakens in the middle noSi. of the night. Poklici me sredi tedna! Call me in the middle of the week! 18. TAKRAJ, TOKRAJ, — ON THIS SIDE OP NA TEJ STRANI Takraj ceste je ng.Ša Our house is on this side of hiša. the street. 19. VPRlCO, SPRlCO — IN VIEW OF VpriSo slabega vremena There will be no picnic in view ne bo piknika. ~ of bad weather. 20. VRH, NA VRH — TOP OF, ON TOP OF Veverica sedi vrh The squirrel is sitting on the drevesa. top of the tree. 03e je na vrh strehe. Father is on the top of the roof. 21. VŠTRIC — NEXT TO, PARALLEL TO, ABREAST, SIDE BY SIDE, ALONGSIDE Parkirali smo vštric We parked next to your car. tvojega a^8-« 22. Z, S* — OFF, FROM Z (before VOWELS and VOICED consonants; see pp. 157-158) S (before UNVOICED consonants; see pp. 157-158) Jabolko je padlo z The apple fell off the tree, drevesa. Otrok je padel s stola. The child fell off the chair. *Z and S meaning WITH take the instrumental case* Grem z mamo. I am going with (my) mother. Pišem s peresom. I am writing with a pen. 23. ZARADI, ZAVOLJO, VSLED - BECAUSE OF, ON ACCOUNT OF Zaradi bolezni je ostal He stayed at home because of doma* illness. Sola je zaprta zaradi The school is closed because poc±tnic. of vacation. 24. ZNOTRAJ — WITHIN, INSIDE OF Znotraj hiše je toplo. It is warm inside the house, 25. ZRAVEN, POLEG — BESIDE, NEXT TO Kdo sedi zraven Marije? Who is sitting next to Mary? Bsnka je tik zraven The bank is just next to the poŠte. post office. 26. ZUNAJ — OUTSIDE OP 2ivimo zunaj mesta. We live outside of the city. PREPOSITIONS WITH THE DATIVE CASE — PREDLOGI Z DAJALNIKOM The prepositions which require the dative case as their object arei 1. K (H before g and k) — TO (designating direction of movement to, or close, to somebody or something, but NOT into or inside. or onto or on the top of something Grem k zdravniku. I am going to the doctor. On gre h gospodu Zajcu. He is going to Mr. Zajc. 2. KLJUB, VKLJUB, NAVZLIC - IN SPITE OF PriSli smo kljub We came in spite of slabemu vremenu. bad weather. Vkljub bolezni je vedno He is always happy in spite of vesel. illness. 3. PROTI — TOWARD, AGAINST Volili smo proti županu. We voted against the mayor. Vozimo proti mestu. We are driving toward the city. PREPOSITIONS WITH THE ACCUSATIVE CASE — PREDLOGI S TOŽILNIKOM The prepositions which require the accusative case as their object arei 1. CEZ, CREZ — ACROSS, THROUGH Sli smo čez most. We went across the bridge. Peljali smo se čez We drove across the hills and hribe in doline. valleys. 2. MED* — BETWEEN, AMONG On ne gre nič med ljudi. He doesn't go among the people at all. Razdeli bombone med Distribute the candies among otroke! the children! 3. NA* — ON, TO, ON TOP OF Gremo na počitnice. We are going on vacation. Otroci so sli na izlet. The children went on a field trip. Daj denar na mizo! Put the money on the table. ^ po# FOR (when it designates going for or getting something") Grem po mleko. I am going for milk (I am going to get the milk). Pojdi po kruh! Go and get the bread! (Literally* -226- Go for bread!) 5. SKOZI Gledam skozi okno. T g.t a mi pi.se skozi vse lg.to. 6. V* Hodim v šolo. Kdo je prišel v sobo? Daj kljgce v žep! 7. ZA To darilo je za mamo. Ali je to zame? THROUGH, THROUGHOUT I am looking through the window. (My) aunt writes to me throughout the year. IN, INTO, TO I walk to school. Who came into the room? Put the keys in (your) pocket! FOR This gift is for (my) mother. Is this for me? •The prepositions MED, NA, only when used with MOTION VERBS, verbs are« PO and V take the accusative object The most common motion ITI PRITI ODITI HODITI TECI SKOČITI DATI (GREM) (PRIDEM) (ODIDEM) (HODIM) (TŠCEM) (SKfiClM) (DAM) — TO GO (I GO) — TO COME (I COME) -- TO LEAVE, TO DEPART (I LEAVE) — TO WALK, TO GO (I WALK) — TO RUN (I RUN) — TO JUMP (I JUMP) — only when it means TO PUT (I PUT) D. PREPOSITIONS WITH THE LOCATIVE CASE — PREDLOGI Z MESTNIKOM The prepositions which require the locative case as their object are t 1. NA* Knjiga je na mizi. Zavese so na oknih. — ON, AT The book is on the table. The curtains are on the windows. 2. On piše o Slovencih. Kaj veš o Sloveniji? OB Ob enajstih grem spat. Ob nedeljah sem doma* P0» » ABOUT, CONCERNING He is writing about Slovenians. What do you know about Slovenia? — ON, UPON, AT (when it expresses time) I go to sleep at eleven o'clock. I am home on Sundays. — ACCORDING TO, AFTER, FOR, ON, BY Po Sgli grem domov. Slgynico se učimo po Brgzniku. Poznam ga sam£ po iragnu. To sem slišal po radiu. Hodi po pločniku! Po vecg.rji se učim. I go home after school. We are learning the grammar according to Breznik. I know him only by name. I heard this on the radio. Walk on the sidewalk! I study after supper. 5. PRI ~ BY, AT Majna je pri zdravniku. (My) mother is at the doctor's. Kdo je pri vratih? Who is at the door? On sedi pri oknu. He is sitting by the window. 6. V* — IN, INSIDE OF Julka je v sobi. Julie is in the room. V živalskem vrtu je There are many animals in the zoo. mnogo živali. Vplivijenju se vedno We are always learning in life, učimo. »The prepositions NA, PO and V must take accusative objects when they are used with MOTION VERBS and/or indicating direction. PREPOSITIONS WITH THE INSTRUMENTAL CASE « PREDLOGI Z ORODNIKOM The prepositions which require the instrumental case as their object ares 1. MED — BETWEEN, AMONG Lepo je biti med It's nice to be among friends, prijatelji. Poklici me med peto in Call me between five and six sesto! o'clock. 2. NAD — OVER, ABOVE Letalo leti nad morjem. The plane is flying over the ocean. 3. POD — UNDER Copati so pod posteljo. The slippers are under the bed. Čevlji so pod stolom. The shoes are under the chair. PRED — BEFORE, IN FRONT OF, AGO Pes je pred vrati. The dog is in front of the door. Ne jej pred večerjo! Don't eat before supper! Pred £nim tednom sem I wrote to you a week ago. ti pisal. 5. ZA* — BEHIND, BEYOND, AFTER Vrt je za hi§o. The garden is behind the house. Sonce je za oblaki. The sun is behind the clouds. Za nedeljo pride After Sunday comes Monday, ponedeljek. *ZA meaning FOR takes the accusative case t Mama je kupila blago za (My) mother bought material for novo obleko. a new dress. To darilo je za oSeta. This gift is for (my) father. -228- Gremo s prijatelji. Ne"jej z roko! 6. Z ,S* — WITH We're going with (our) friends. Don't eat with (your) hand! *Z and S meaning OFF, FROM require genitive objects« Peter je padel z Peter fell off the tree, drevesa. Skočil je s postelje. He jumped off the bed. II. EXERCISES — VAJE Read and study the following prepositional phrases — Beri in nauči se sledeče predloge s predmeti iz dneva v dan^ od jutra do večera od nog do glave po navadi po zračni posti po navadni pošti brez skrbi brez dela brez službe brez upanja po vsem svetu za šalo na svetu na zemlji v službi, na delu day after day from morning till night from head to foot as usual by air mail by regular mail without worries without work without a job, out of work without hope throughout the world as a joke in the world on earth at work B. Translate the following prepositions — Prevedi sledeče predloge by, at P without _ R among, between _ E against P from 0 through S out of I instead of_____T near __I under _ 0 on N in the middle of S P ___ before R___because of E _ across D _ until, up to L___in spite of 0____around, about G____in regards to 1____outside of, out of C. Choose the correct answer — Izberi pravilni odgovor 1. on a. proti 2. in b. pri 3- beside, next to c. za 4. against • c. namesto 5. over d. s, z 6. under e. po 7. by, at f. blizu 8. among, between g- brez 9. for h. vpričo 10. without i. 0 11. with, off j. sredi 12. except k. znotraj 13. instead of 1. na 14. because of m. nad 15. after n. med 16. near 0. v 17. before P. zraven, poleg 18. in view of r. onkraj 19. on that side of s. zunaj, izven 20. about, c one erning S. r&zen 21. in the middle of t. vrh 22. outside of u. k, h 23. within, inside of v. pred 24. on top of z. zaradi 25. to (someone or £. pod something) * * * 1. on a diet a. na Štedilniku 2. at work b. 0 ljubezni 3. in the office c. v bolnici 4. to the store 5. po večerji 5. in the library d. v bolnico 6. on the table e. od jutra 7. on the stove f. za otroke 8. under the chair _ g. po zračni pošl 9. about love , ,. h. v šoli 10. in the hospital i. proti večeru 11. in the evenings j. pred cerkvijo 12. after supper k. brez sluSbe 13. before breakfast 1. na dieti 14. to the hospital m. pri jezeru 15. without a job n. čez morje 16. for the children 0. v trgovino 17. toward the evening ,„ p. na mizi 18. from morning r. v službi 19. by the lake s. pred zajtrkom 20. by air mail Š. pod stolom 21. across the ocean t. brez skrbi 22. to school . „ u. v knjižnici 23. in school V. v pisarni 24. without worry ...... z. ob veSerih 25. in front of the Ž. v šolo church D. Write one sentence for each of the following prepositions Napiši en stavek za vsak predlog v ___________■_ na . _ pod _ _ - brez__.____ do ______ od _ o _________—________ iz _________ s _ _ z ___ razen ____________ blizu __ okoli ________ po _ pred ____________ namesto _ __ E. Translate the following prepositional -phrases into English Prevedi sledeče predloge s predmeti v angleščino brez naloge _ do petih _ brez uspeha _ pod omaro v pisarni _ ob jezeru _ v hladilniku _ pri stricu ___ od mgme na deželi z levo r£ko _ pri frizerju _ pod vodo _ o Slovencih _ v trgovino _ na drevgsu _ ob sobotah onkraj mesta _ po dveh letih_ z žogo skozi £kno _ pred hišo brez napake _ sredi dneva _ na pogreb _ mimo naše hiše, z rokami zunaj mesta _ za mlade ljudi do marca _ brez besed _ na mizi od stare mame na počitnice k zdravniku v postelji na st^ni namesto vina zraven cerkve, na tleh pod oknom k teti za otroke v pismu s postelje z rožami s svinčnikom kljub napakam_ z učiteljico _ okrog mize _ v kuhinji _ čez ograjo _ pred dvemi leti_ v sredo _ glede šole _ na vrtu _ pred izpitom _ s starši _ izmed učencev_ blizu mesta _ iz ljubezni _ z letalom __ vsi razen očeta _ ob osmih _ _ v nedeljo _ pod preprogo _ _ do treh _ poleg deklice_ -232- F. Translate and underline all "the prepositional phrases Prevedi in podcrta.i vse predloge s predmeti 1. Učimo se iz napak. _ 2. Vse rad jem razen juhe. _ 3. Kdo sedi poleg Marije? __ 4. Jutri grem k zobozdravniku. _ 5. Ne jej pred večerjo! _ 6. Otroci se ne smejo igrati _____ z žogo blizu c£ste. _ 7. Mleko je v hladilniku. _ 8. On je brez službe. _ 9. Okrog hiše je veliko rož. __ _ 10. ^iiica je v svoji sobi. _ 11. To pismo je za teto Ivanko. _ 12. Sli smo od stare mame proti _ domu, ko smo imeli nesrečo. _ 13. Ob sobotah nimamo šole. _ 14. Časopis si pozabil v avtu. _ 15. Pre petimi leti smo bili _ v Sloveniji. _ 16. Kaj bo za kosilo? _ 17. Mama dela za moza in otroke _ iz dnava v dan od jutra do _ veSara. _ 18. Ze od junija je brez službe. 19* Kljub nesreči je vedno vesel._ 20. Brez dela ne moremo Živeti. _ 21. Otrok je tekel čez most. _ 22. Pojdi v pekarno po kruh! _ 23. Po šoli grem takoj domov. _ 24. Od nedelje do torka je _ deževalo. _ 25. Kaj boš delal med počitnicami?_ 26. Peljem se s kolesom. , 27. Klop je pod drevesom. ____________________ 28. Pišem s peresom. 29 • Delam od devetih do petih vsak dan. _ 30. Kdaj bo mgma prišla iz . bolnice? _ 31. Zaradi dežja ne bomo šli ____________ na izlet. _ 32. Proti večeru bomo doma. _ 33« Naša Sola je poleg cerkve. _ 34. Moram iti po nova očala. _ 35» Do srede se moram odločiti. _ 36. Janezek je pgdel s postelje.___ 37* Namesto darila sem dobil _ denar za rojstni dan. _ 38. Lahko greš v šolo, Če si _ brez vročine. _ 39» Zjutraj vstanem ob Bedmih. _ 40. Ob nedeljah gremo v cerkev. _ G. Translate into Slovenian — Pre vedi v slovenščino 1. The newspaper is on the table_ in the kitchen. _ 2. We'll come on Saturday. _ 3. The children are playing _ around the house. _ 4. My father is in the hospital._ 5. This gift is for your teacher. 6. The clock is on the wall. _ 7. The children must come with _ (their) parents. _ 8. She went to the store. _ 9. On Sunday we are going to _ the zoo. i 10. He came in spite of the rain._ 11. I'll study after supper. _ 12. The keys are on the table. _ 13. We gave money instead of _ flowers. -234- 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. The supper is on the table. _ He left in the middle of __ the concert. _ My father is at work. _ Her husband is out of work. __ The secretary is in the _ office. _ I am on a diet. _ The picnic will be by the _ lake. _ I work from Monday to Friday_ from eight to four. _ She has candy in her purse. _ Look under the bed! _ I saw you at the post office^. We'll wait for you in front _ of the library. III. SONG — PESEM Po .jezeru bliz' Triglava Po jezeru bliz' Triglava SolniS plava sem ter tja. V Čolnu glasno se prepeva, da odmeva od gore. by M. Vilhar On the lake near Triglav Mountain A boat is swaying to and fro. Everybody's loudly singing Mountains echo from above. Mile pt ice po dolinah in planinah se bude, ker so cule p,esem mojo, vsjLka svojo zvrgole. Gentle birds in hills and valleys Were awakened by our song They have joined us in our singing, All of them now sing along. I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol dom grm razgled plin ~ kamin linolej parket semafor nebotičnik Štedilnik hladilnik pralni stroj pralni stroj za posodo sušilni stroj pisalni stroj kabinet predal umivalnik klavir televizor telefon divan naslanjač or naslonjač gug&lni stol stol balkon stil~or slog tuS strop lestenec vogal kot znesek vhod urad opis svet umetnik član pregovor govor pogovor — home — bush — view gas fireplace linoleum parquet floor traffic light skyscraper stove refrigerator washing machine dishwasher dryer typewriter cabinet, kitchen cupboard drawer sink piano television telephone couch, sofa armchair, easy chair rocking chair chair balcony style shower ceiling chandelier corner corner, angle, nook amount entrance office, bureau description world artist member saying, proverb speech, lecture conversation Feminine — Ženski spol soseščina sosiska okolica hisa stanovanjska hiša stolpnica najemnina kurjava hladilna naprava trgovina spalnica pralnica delavnica jedilnica dnevna soba družinska soba -kopalnica soba zasebna knjižnica garaža smreka lipa kuhinja shramba elektrika posoda stena preproga knjižna omara -omara omara za obleko omara s predali omarica ~~ -nočna omarica -miza mizica revija ura prha (tuš - m. )-pisalna miza televizija neighborhood community surroundings house apartment building high rise apartment rent heating air conditioning store bedroom laundry room workshop dining room living room family room bathroom room study; personal library garage spruce tree linden tree kitchen pantry electricity dish; dishes wall carpet book case chest, case clothes closet chest of drawers small cabinet night stand table a small table magazine; periodical clock, watch shower desk television Neuter — Sredn.ii spol leto drevje (drevesa)' grmovje ~ grmičevje predmestje okolje ozračje domaČe ozračje stanovanje pritličje nadstropje prvo nadstropje*— podstrešje ognjišče stranišče pohištvo ogledalo or zrcalo dvigalo življenje vreme tihožitje pregrinjalo perilo umazano perilo — year trees bushes shrubs suburb environment atmosphere homelike atmosphere apartment ground floor floor, story second floor attic fireplace, hearth toilet furniture mirror elevator, lift life weather still life bedspread linen, laundry clothes dirty clothes, dirty linen Feminine — Ženski sool svetilka žepna svetilka luč lučka Žarnica banja zavesa rožica postelja zibelka or zibka, zibel zofa stopnica stopnice (pl.) opaka razlika družina umetnica pisarna velikost ljubezen klet" Adjectives — Pridevniki svetel, svetla, svetlo topel, topla, toplo udoben, udobna, udobno elektriČenT električna, o plinski, a, o barvast, a, o zunanji, a, e okrogel, okrogla, o zidan, a, o lesen, a, o zgrajen, a, o prostoren, prostorna, o pri jeten cisto nov vključen, a, o or vštet, a, o baročen, baročna, o modern, a, o~ mehek or mehak, mehka, mehko lamp, lantern flashlight light a small light electric bulb bathtub curtain, drape a small flower bed cradle sofa step steps, stairway brick difference family artist office size ■ love - basement * Slovenians differ from Americans in their designation of various floors. They refer to the first floor or the ground floor as "pritličje" and the second floor in American usage is referred to as "prvo nadstropje" or, literally, "the first floor." light, bright warm comfortable electric gas colored outside * outer, exterior round made of brick or stone made of wood constructed roomy, spacious pleasant brand new included, counted in baroque modern soft okusen, okusna, okusno važen, važna^ važno važnejSi, važnejša, e opremljen, a, o f onosen, ponosna, ponosno alosten, žalostna, a~ sreSen, srečna, srečno vesel, a, t) Other words — lani ker, zato ker notri, znotraj zunaj t ven večkrat veČ nekaj veČ v kleti na podstrešju na stopnicah oboje Druge besede — last year — because — inside — outside — often — more — a few more, something more — in the basement — in the attic — on the steps — both of them tasteful, in taste important more important furnished proud sad happy cheerful, gay, glad, pleased, joyous, happy spodaj zgoraj razmeroma prvotno izredno toda ki koliko v~"kotu na vogalu okrog vogala — down, downstairs up, upstairs relatively originally extraordinarily however which how much (many) in the corner on the corner around the corner Everyday expressions — Vsakdanji izrazi opremljeno stanovanje šestsobno stanovanje soba z dvema posteljama soba z eno posteljo Vse je vključeno. Hrana ni vključena. Žarnica je pregorela. Ljubo doma, kdor ga ima! — a furnished apartment — a six-room apartment — a room with two beds — a room with one bed — Everything is included. — The food is not included. — The light bulb burned out. — There is no place like home! II. TWO READINGS — DVE BERILI NaŠa hiša Živimo v predmestju Clevelanda, v lepi soseščini blizu Sol in trgovin. Pred tremi leti smo kupili novo zidano hišo s tremi spalnicami in dvema garažama. Ta hiša nam je bila zelo všeč, ker je tik poleg parka. Okrog hiše je tudi veliko drevja, smrek in grmičevja. Iz vsake sobe je lep razgled. Hiša je zelo svetla in razmeroma prostorna od kleti do podstrešja. Kuhinja je velika in udobna, z modernimi kabineti, z električnim Štedilnikom in hladilnikom. Imamo tudi pralni stroj za posodo. Iz kuhinje je tudi vhod v klet, kjer imamo pralnico. Poleg kuhinje je majhna jedilnica. Iz jedilnice pridemo v dnevno sobo. Ob zunanji steni je velik kamin. Vse pohištvo je novo in v modernem stilu. Preproga je temno zelena. V k£tu je tudi klavir. Imamo nov barvast televizor in Čisto nov gramofon. Ob večerih radi poslušamo plošče s klasično glasbo. V dnevni sobi sta tudi dva divana, trije naslonjači in gugalni stol. Pri vratih je velika knjižna omara. Na sredi sobe je majhna okrogla mizica, vedno polna Časopisov in revij. Na stropu je krasen kristalni lestenec. V dnevni sobi preživimo mn^go lepih ur. Iz dnevne sobe gremo lahko tudi ven na balkon. Poleti ob večerih večkrat sedimo na balkonu. Na drugi strani dnevne sobe je stranišče s prho in banjo. Takšno je naše pritličje. Pa pojdimo zdaj po stopnicah na prvo nadstropje! Tu zgoraj so tri prost£rne spalnice in velika kopalnica. Ena spalnica je od mojih staršev, ano ima moja sestra in eno imam jaz. V vsaki spalnici so prostorne omare za obleko. Moja spalnica je zelo velika. Notri imam posteljo, nočno omarico in dve omari s predali. Na eni omari je tudi ogledalo. Pri oknu imam pisalno mizo in knjižno omaro. Na pisalni mizi je pisalni stroj, ki sem ga dobil lani za rojstni dan. Na nočni omarici imam luČ, ker vadno berem v postelji. NaŠa kopalnica je Čisto moderna. Stene so modre barve. Banja, umivalnik in stranišče pa so bele barve. Zavese v kopalnici so tudi modre barve z rožicami. NaŠa hiša je res lepa in udobna. Toda naSa hiša ni samo hiša — je tudi prijeten dom za vse Sl^ne družine! Veste, tako jei hiša je zgrajena iz opeke, dom pa iz ljubezni. Hvala Bogu za oboje! Underline all the prepositional phrases in the above reading and answer the following questions based on the reading Kje živimo? ___ Kdaj smo kupili novo hišo? Koliko spalnic ima ta hiša? Zakj|j je bila ta hiša vsem všeč? Kaj je tik poleg hiše? Kaj je okrog hiše? Kakšna je hiša od kleti do podstrešja? Kakšna je kuhinja? Kaj je v Jnahinji? Kaj je P£leg kuhinje? Kam pridemo iz jedilnice? __ Kaj je ob zunanji steni v __ dnevni sgbi? Kakšno je pohištvo v dnevni sobi? Kakšne barve je preproga? Kakšen televizor imamo? Kaj radi poslušamo ob večerih? Kje je klavir? Kje je knjižna omara? Koliko drvanov je v dnevni sobi?_ Koliko je naslonjačev? Kaj je sredi dnevne sobe? Kaj je vedno na okrogli mizici? Kje preživimo mnogo lepih ur? Kam gremo lahk<£ iz dnevne sobe? _ Kaj je na drugi strani dnevne Kaj je zgoraj? Kaj je v vsaki spalnici? _________ Kakšno pohištvo je v moji_______ spalnici? ___—_ Kakšne so stene v kopalnici? _ Kakšne so zavese? __—__ Kakšne barve so banja, umivalnik in stranišče? — Kakšna je razlika med hišo in _______ domom? _____ Stanovanje strica Janeza in tete Micke Stric Janez in teta Micka sta lani prodala svojo hišo in se preselila v šestsobno stanovanje v stanovanjski hiši tik poleg jezera. Ker bo se vsi otroci Se poročili, je postala njuna hiša prevelika. Vsak mesec plačata dvesto dolarjev najemnine, toda plin in elektrika nista vključena v ta znesek. Njuno stanovanje je v tretjem nadstropju. Je zelo udobno s centralno kurjavo in hladilno napravo, V njimi stanovanjski hiši je tudi dvigalo, da jima ni treba hoditi po stopnicah. Stanovanje je zelo okusno opremljeno. Na stenah so krasne umetniške slike. Najbolj mi je všeč tihožitje v jedilnici, ki ga je naslikal znani slovenski ameriški umetnik Gregory Pruschek, a13- prvotno "Perušek" Po vsem stanovanju so tudi lepe mehke preproge. Vse pohištvo je v baročnem slogu. Stric Janez ima tudi bogato zasebno knjižnico na katero je zelo ponosen. To je res lepa in udobna stanovanjska hiša. Ce bi imela Še nekaj nadstropij veČ, bi ji rekli "stolpnica". Izredno visokim hišam pa pravimo po slovensko "nebotičniki". Tudi v Sloveniji je Že mnogo zel£ lepih stolpnic in tudi nekaj nebotičnikov. A velikost ni važna. Važnejše je domače ozračje. Slovenci imamo pregovori Ljubo doma, kdor ga ima! Translate the reading and answer the following questions Prevedi berilo in odgovori na sledeča vprašanja Zak^j sta stric Janez in teta Micka prodala svojo hišo? Kam sta se preselila? Koliko sob ima njuno stanovanje?_ Koliko najemnine plačata vsak _ mesec? _ V katerem nadstropju stanujeta? _ Zakaj jima ni treba hoditi po _ stopnicah? Kdo je naslikal tihožitje v _ jedilnici? V kakšnem slogu je vse pohištvo?_ Kakšne So preproge? _ Na kaj je stric zelo ponosen? _ Kako bi rekli stanovanjski hiši Če bi imela nekaj vec nadstropij? Kako pravimo po slovensko izredno visokim hišam? _ Kaj je važnejše kot velikost? _ Kakšen pregovor imamo Slovenci _ o domu? _ A. You will be able to find thirty Slovenian words which we have studied in this lesson in the following "word finder" puzzle. When you find each one, encircle it in the puzzle and then write it next to its English counterpart below. V spadnji "Srkaynici" boste naSli trideset slovanskih bes&d, ki smo se jih naučili v tej lekciji. Ko najdete^slovgnsko besgdo, jo obkrožite v "Črkovnici" in potem napišite poleg ustrezne angleške besede spodaj. 5 T U S S G 0 S T 0 P N I C E T A R P T R P 0 S T E L J A B E P A R E M B S P A L N I C A D L 0 H N K L E T A B K I V L I I J A A B H S P ICK 0 T)0 K L N E B 0 T I C N I K P 0 A 0 N P D G P L g I G R M A H P N I R I R E U A N D 0 M L D 0 M K E L M K ,e K A M I N N I D P D D N R A z G L E D E I B S K R M I Z S T 0 L P N I C A T U U E C A M Z 0 F A C L A N R R 2 S A P R E P R 0 G A V J E J I T E A E L 2 A R N I C A S A N J P 0 K U D R E V I J A J V A E M P A C D 0 S T R 0 P E A Examples corner — kot light — ; 1. attic 10. carpet 2. balcony 11. ceiling 3. basement 12. dining room bathroom 13. electric bulb 5. bathtub 14. family 6. bed 15. fireplace 7. bedroom 16. gas 8. brick 17. heating 9* bush 18. high rise -243- apartment 19. home _ 25. skyscraper 20. house _ 26. spruce tree 21. magazine___ 27. steps 22. member _ 28. stove 23. neighborhood_ 29. suburb 24. shower _ 30. view B. Translate the following words — Prevedi sledeče besede P______________desk 0____________clothes closet H ________________refrigerator ____ I _ piano 5________________stove T__________________television (f.) __V____couch 0 easy chair, armchair N____________living room A __________bedroom §____attic A bathroom H pantry I dining room . s shower __A_____ laundry room c. Choose the correct word — Izberi uravo besedo 1. each, every a. prostoren 2. warm b. žalosten 3. comfortable c. vključen 4. colored 5. ker 5. brand new d. srečen 6. round e. zunaj 7. spac i ous, roomy f. toda 8. pleasant g. razmeroma 9. happy h. udoben 10. sad i. zgrajen 11. included .i. prvotno 12. light, bright k. topel 13. constructed 1. spodaj 14. because m. oboje 15. outside n. zgoraj 16. inside 0. okrogel 17. however p. na drugi strani 18. only r. ponosen 19. relatively s. vsak 20. proud Š. Čisto nov 21. on the other side t. samo 22. originally u. pri jeten 23. both of them V. znotraj 24. upstairs, up z. svetel 25. downstairs, down t. barvast D. On a separate sheet of paper write a description of your own home or apartment — - Opisi svoj dom ali svoje stanovanje Complete the sentences — Dopolni stavke Stanujemo v __ NaŠa hiša je __ e. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Knjige so _ 11. St^re obleke so 12. Pralni stroj je 13- Avto je _ 14. Zavese so _ imamo nov štedilnik. Televizijo imamo Mleko je _ Ključi so _ Revije so _ Mi jemo _ Kdo je _ (in a nice neighborhood) (near the stores) (In the kitchen) (in the living room) (in the refrigerator) (in the drawer) (on the table) (in the dining room) (in the bathroom) (in the book case) (in the attic) (in the basement) (in the garage) (on the windows) 15* _ je šest stolov. (around the table) 16. Luč je _. (on the night stand) 17. Oče sedi _. (on the sofa) 18. Tvoji copati so _. (under the bed) 19. Tvoj jopič je _. (on the bed) 20. Imam žepno svetilko _. (in the pocket) 21. Tajnica je _. (in the office) 22. Lepo je biti _. (among friends) 23. Ura je _„_. (on the wall) 24. Moji čevlji so ,_. (on the steps) 25. Milo je _. (in the bathtub) F. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleščino 1. On pije mleko namesto kave. __ 2. Ali greš mimo banke? _ 3. OČe je govoril z učiteljem _ glede mojega spričevala. __ 4. Na sredi sobe je okrogla ____ mizica. ___ 5. V jedi,lnici je lep lestenec. _ 6. Včeraj sem bil brez večerje. _ 7. Janezek je padel s stola. _ 8. Teta bo pri nas do junija. 9. Zakaj ne pišeš s peresom? _ 10. Kdaj greŠ k zdravniku? _ 11. Večerja je na mizi. 12. Metka je v svoji spalnici. _ 13* Pri nas imamo veliko starih _ reči na podstrešju. _ 14. Otroci se igrajo v kleti. _ 15• St^ra mama težko hodi po _ st opnic ah. _ 16. Po koncertu bo ples. _ 17. Njegov stric je umetnik. _ 18. Bolnik gleda skozi okno. _ -246- 19. Ona je brez staršev. _ 20. Nic ni poklical od nedelje. __ 21. Na katerem nadstropju je _ urad gospoda Kotnika? _ 22. Jem meso brez kruha. _ 23. Namesto ro5 smo d&li denar. _ 24. Klavir je v dnevni sobi. _ 25. Za hiŠo imamo velik vrt. _ G. Translate into Slovenian— Prevedi v slovenščino 1. They have a five room apart- _ ment in our neighborhood. _ 2. Does your house have a fire- _ place? _ 3. We don't have a basement. _ There is a big mirror above __ the sink in the bathroom. _ 5. Where is the elevator? _ 6. We have a new carpet in our _ living room. _ 7. Our house is brand new. _________________ 8. Mother bought new curtains _ and a new bedspread for my _ bedroom. _ 9. We have two bathrooms in our _ house. _ 10. How much do you pay for gas _ and electricity every month? _ 11. How much is the rent? _ . _ 12. Put the clothes in the dryeri_ 13. I have a new typewriter. _ 14. Everything is included in _ this amount. _ 15. We have air conditioning in _ our house. _ -247- 16. Do you have a colored T.V.? 17- There are many new high rise, apartments in our neighborhood, 18. The light bulb burned out. 19. I need a flashlight. 20. My bedroom is upstairs. IV. SONG — PESEM V dolinei prijetni In a valley so pleasant je ljubi moj dom, That's where is my home nikoli od njega I'll never forget it} podal se ne bom. Away I won't roam. Pod lipo domaČo I love best to sit najrajši sedim, Under our linden tree v domačem veselju That's where I am happy najslaje Sivim. As happy can be. Le išči si sreče, You may your happiness prijatelj, drugje, Elsewhere pursue li misliš dobiti You think you will find it - na tujem jo kje? Mistaken are you! Je marsikdo hodil You will wander around po svetu veČ let, And at last you will see povrnil domov se That home is the best place nazadnje je spet. For you — and for me! I. VOCABULARY -- SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol las, lasje zob, zobje obraz jezik nos vrat hrbet (kriz) frsni kol ivot komolec prst prst na roki prst na nogi prstni odtis noht noht na roki noht na nogi členek pas trebuh bok^(kolk) glezenj ud, orggn udje sklep kgrnen žolcni kamen 1edvicni~kamen sapnik požiralnik želodec žolč žolčnik mehur slepič um razum živec, živci možgani ~(pl.) mandelji (pl.) gips (mavec) zebelj del, deli hair tooth, teeth face tongue nose neck back chest body - torso (upper part to waist) elbow finger, toe finger toe fingerprint nail fingernail toenail knuckle waist, waistline belly, abdomen hip, hip bone ankle limb, member, organ limbs, members organs joint stone gall stone kidney stone windpipe esophagus, gullet stomach bile, gall gall bladder bladder appendix intellect reason L nerve, nerves It,, brains tonsils plaster, cast nail p part, parts Feminine — Ženski spol duša glava lobgnja koža obrv, obrvi veka trepalnica ustnica nosnica rama hrbtenica celjust gornja čeljust spodnja čeljust roka dlan noga peta zadnjica (rit) mišica kita žila krvna žila zlata Žila ,krene žile kapilara mrena črevesna mrena ledvica kost, kosti kri polt prsi (pl.) pamet moc postava opora brada soul head skull skin eyebrow, eyebrows eyelid eyelash lip nostril shoulder backbone, spine jaw upper jaw lower jaw hand■ arm palm (of hand) foot, leg heel backside, buttocks muscle sinew, tendon vein, artery blood vein haemorrhoids vericose veins capillary membrane diaphragm kidney bone, bones blood complexion breast, bosom mind, brains strength figure, body structure support chin (m.) (m.) (m.) (m.) (m.) sight hearing voice smell touch palec (m.) kazalec (m.) sredinec (m.) prstanec (m.) mezinec (m.) thumb pointing finger middle finger ring finger little finger Neuter — Sredn.ii suol telo človeško telo, — S el o — oko, oči uh£, ušesa kurja očesa lice, lica grlo zapestje srce stegno (bedro) — koleno stopalo body human body forehead eye, eyes ear, ears corns on feet cheek, cheeks throat wrist heart thigh, leg knee bottom of the foot Adjectives — Pridevniki desen, desna, desno lev, leva, levo notranji, notranja, notranje zunanji, zunanja, zunanje zgornji, zgornja, zgornje spodnji, spodnja, spodnje spolni, spolna, spolno telesen, telesna, telesno duševen, duševna, duševno srčen, srčna, srčno zivcen, živčna, živčno duševno bolan, duševno bolna, o slaboumenj slaboumna, slaboumno močan, močna, mo?no širok, široka, ¥iroko najdaljši, najdaljša, najdaljše krasen, krasna, krasno slep, slepa, slepo gluh, gluha, gluho nem, nema, nemo gluhonem, gluhonema, gluhonemo hrom, hroma, hromo bled, bleda, bl^do plešast, a, o kosmat, a, o ustvarjen, a, o pokrit, a, o rojstvo Čutilo rebro, rebra Črevo Črevesje drobovje živčevje žilje (ožilje) usta (pl.) "Jetra (pl.) pljuča (pl.) meca (pl.) pleča (pl.) — birth — sense organ — rib, ribs — intestine — intestines — entrails — nervous system — veinage — mouth(s) — liver(s) — lung(s) — calf — shoulders, shoulder blades right left internal external upper lower pertaining to sex pertaining to the body, corporal pertaining to the soul, spiritual pertaining to the heart nervous mentally ill retarded strong wide the longest gorgeous blind deaf dumb deaf and dumb lame, crippled, paralysed pale bald hairy created covered Verbs — Glagoli boleti (boli me) bolehati biti operiran imeti v gipsu zlomiti si zviti si izpahniti si udariti se upogniti pripogniti se telovaditi tipati duhati žvečiti fristi cltiti prinašati dihati opraskati (boleham) (sem operiran) (imam v gipsu) (zlomim si) (zvijem si) (izpahnem si) (udarim se) (upognem) (pnpognem se) (telovadim) (tipamT (duham) (žveSim) (prinašam) (diham) (opraskam) — to hurt, to ache (I ache) — to be ailing (I am ailing) __ to be operated (I am operated) — to have in a cast (I ...) __ to break or fracture something (I break ...) — to sprain something (I sprain...) — to dislocate something (I ...) — to get hurt (I get hurt) — to bend something (I ...) — to bend down, to bow (I ...) — to exercise (I exercise) — to touch (I touch) — to smell (I smell) — to chew (I chew) — to bite (I bite) — to guard, to protect (I guard) — to keep on bringing or carrying (I ...) — to breathe (I breathe) — to scratch, to scrape (I scratch) Everyday expressions — Vsakdanji, Boli me glava. Ori Im§m glavobol. Križ me boli- Grlo me boli. On bo operiran na Žolču. Zlomil sem si roko. Nggo sem si zvil. Ne morem se pripogniti. Tega~prsta ne morem upogniti. Šest tednov morate imeti roko v gipsu. ^ Sama kost in koza ga je J To mi gre na živce. Jezi me. od nog do glave ... Notes — Opombe izrazi I have a headache. I have a backache. I have a sore throat. He will have a gall bladder operation. I broke my hand. I sprained my foot. I can't bend. I can't bend this finger. You must have the cast on for six weeks. He is just skin and bones! This goes on my nerves. It annoys me. (Or* It makes me angry.) from head to toe (literally* from feet to head) 1. The nouns "LAS" and "ZOB" are declined irregularly in the plural * — lasje, las, lasem, lase, o laseh, z lasmi — zobje, zob, zobem, zobe, o zobeh, z zobmi HAIR TEETH Notice the accent changes in the noun "SRCE"i Singular* srce, srca* srcu, srce, na srcu, s srcem Dual* srci, src, srcema, srci, na srcih, s srcema Plural* srca, src, srcem, srca, na srcih, s srci -251- 3. The parts of the body which are usually used in the plural only, are declined in this manner* LUNG(S) LIVER(S) MOUTH(S) SHOULDERS RIBS pljuča jetra usta pleča rebra pljuč jeter ust pleč reber pljucem jetrom ustom plečem rebrom pljuč a jetra usta plgca rebra na pljučih na jetrih na ustih na plečih na rebrih s pljuči z jetri z usti s pleči z rebri 4. The dual form of "OKO" and "UHO" is very rarely used. The plural form is usually used when referring to more than one eye or ear. These two nouns are declined as follows* EYE — oko, očesa, očesu, oko, v očesu, z očesom EYES — oci, oči, ocem, oči, v očeh, z očmi EAR — uho, usesa, use.su, uho, v ušesu, z ušesom EARS — ušesa, ušes, ušesom, ušesa, v ušesih, z ušgsi II. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Read and translate — Beri in prevedi 1. Lenka ima lepe modre oči. in _ d^lge lasts. _ 2. Zjutraj si umijem obr^z z _ mrzlo vodo. _ 3. Kaj imaš v ustih? __ 4. Kdaj bo oče operiran na _ žolču? _ 5. Marko si je včeraj zlomil _ desno roko. _ 6. On je hrom Se od rojstva. _ 7. Grlo me boli^ _ 8. To mi gre na živce. _ 9. Otrok je umazan od nog do glave. 10. Janez je zelo shujšal. Sgma , kost in koza ga je. _ 11. Koliko časa bom moral imeti _ nogo v gipsu? _ 12. To dekle ima krasno polt. _ -252- 13« Ta gospod nima las; je plešast. 14. Nekaj mi je padlo v desno oko. Nič ne vidim nanj. 15. Prsni koš ščiti pljuča in srce. 16. Desna r£ka me že ves teden boli. 17. S pljuči dihamo. 18. Mana je bila zelo bleda po operaciji. 19. Nimam rad dolgih nohtov. Moram jih postriči. 20. Človeško telo je lepo ustvarjeno. 21. Hrbtenica je najdaljša kost človeškega telesa. 22. Kosti dajo telesu oporo. 23. Lobanja ščiti možgane. 24. Kri prinaša telesu hrano in moč. 25. Telo je pokrito s kožo. 26. Ce veliko telovadiš, imaš močne mišice. 27. Tega prsta ne morem upogniti. 28. Mamo zelo boli križ. Težko se pripogne. 29. Mija si vsak teden umije lase. 30. Milica ima zdrava rdeča lica. 31. Daj roke v bok in se obrni na_ desno! _ 32. Fantje so čez pleča bolj _ široki kot dekleta. _ -253- 33- To dekle ima krasno postavo ____________ in lep obraz. __ 34. Stopil sem na zebelj. Zdaj _ me stopalo zelo boli. __ 35» Ko sem padel, sem si ____ opraskal koleno. B» Translate the following words — Prevedi sledeče besede D E L I cheek muscle limbs hair (nom. pi.) e L 0 V E S K E G A throat vein jaw elbow rib head tongue ears skin joint T E L E S A finger, toe neck thigh knee wrist body - torso (upper part) c. Identify in Slovenian the parts of the body which you see on this picture — Imenu.ite dele telesa, ki .iih vidite na pricu.loci sliki O O I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol človek mislec filozof Platon Aristotel sveti TomaŽ Akvinec um razum organizem stroj sistem vernik zaklad rudar obrtnik kmet pisatelj znanstvenik mizar liter kilometer human being, man thinker philosopher Plato Aristotle St. Thomas Aquinas intellect reason organism machine system a believer treasure miner craftsman, artisan farmer writer, author scientist carpenter metric measure (2 pints and 2 ounces) metric measure (about 5/8 of a mile) Neuter — Sredn.ii spoI stvarstvo dostojanstvo poslanstvo mesto umsko delo ročno delo - creation, universe - dignity, honor - mission - place, location; town, city - mental work - manual work; handicraft Adjectives — Pridevniki človeški, a, o moški, a, o ženski, a, o umski, ax o mnogo višji, a, e čudovit, a, o božji, a, e Feminine — Ženski spol krona — crown dusa — soul podoba — image, picture celica — cell resnica — truth dobrota -- goodness lepota -- beauty oseba — person dolžina — length svoboda — freedom, liberty svobodna — free will volja razdalja — distance zemlja — earth, ground luna — moon tovarna factory skala — rock rastlina — plant žival — animal, beast razumnost — rationality cudovitost — wonder, marvel živčne — nerve cells celice bitje spočetje življenje * il j g™-flovestvo znanje being, creature conception life veinage human race, Eankind aowledge, learning — human, man's — male, masculine, man's — female, woman's — intellectual, of the mind — much higher — wonderful, marvelous — divine, God's razvit, a, o razumen, razumna, razumno svoboden, svobodna, svobodno ustvarjen, a, o sestavljen, a, o vsakovrsten, vsakovrstna, o takozvan, a, o ^ kemičen, kemična, kgmicno prikljenjen, a, o odrasel, odrasla, o Časten, častna, častno posten, a, o nepošten, a, o vreden, vredna, vredno skoraj enak, a, o Verbs — Glagoli opisati (opi!em) definirati (definiram) primerjati (primerjam) začeti (začnem) ceniti (cenim) doumeti pomisliti truditi se vršiti omogočati načrpati ustaviti (ustavim) pospeševati (pospešujem) (doumem) (pomislim) (trudim se) (vršim) (omogočam) (načrpam) prenašati (prenašam) dopolnjevati se razlikuje se or loči se to pomeni to nam pove ni važno je prav, da developed rational, intelligent free created composed of, made of various, of all kinds the so called chemical chained to , tied to, stuck adult, fully grown honorable, respectful honest dishonest worthy of almost the same to describe (I describe) to define (I define) to compare (I compare) to begin (I begin) to appreciate, (I appreciate, to value I value) to understand, (I understand, to conceive I conceive) to consider, (I consider, to think X think) to try hard, (I try hard, to make effort I make effort) to perform (I perform) to enable, (I enable) to make possible to draw up, (I draw up, to pump I pump) to stop (I stop) to promote, (I promote, to advance i advance) to carry, (I carry, to transport; I transporti to endure I endure) to complement one another it differs this means this tells us it is not important it is fitting that nekaj čudovitega razni biološko na primer visoko predvsem ob£je morda cel(j~ bolje kot or kakor pri vsej naglici danaSnjih dni iz kraja v kraj na enem mestu po b(g,zji podobi biologically for example highly above all, mainly, chiefly both perhaps, maybe, possibly even better like, as despite all hurry of the present times from one place to another in one place, stationary according to God's image something wonderful, something marvelous various II. READING ~ BERILO Človek Človek je krona stvarstva. Filoz£fi kot Platon, Aristotel Sli svati Tomaž Akvinec učijo, da ima človek dušo in telo. Aristotel je človeka opisal ali definiral tudi kot "razjmno žival" Biološko je žival, loci ali razlikuje pa se od vseh drygih živali po sva j i mnogo višji razumnosti. Razni misleci so primerjali člo vaško telo z organizmom, strojem ali sistemom. Verniki pa vidijo, ali bi marali videti, v človeku predvsem bitje, ki je ustvarjeno po b£Žji podobi. Tomaž Akvinec, na primer, uči, da je v vsakem človeku nekaj božjega in nekaj človeškega. Vsako človeško spočetje in življenje je nekaj Čudovitega. Začnimo, na primer, pri glavi. Kako nekaj čudovitega so oči, ki z njimi vidimo* ušesa, ki z njimi slišimo; nos, ki z njim djihamo in usta, ki z njimi govorimo, pa tjidi jemo in pijemo. Pomislimo na slepe in gluhoneme ljudi, pa b£mo znali bolje ceniti zaklade na tem delu telesa! In kdo naj dojane čud ovit os t možganov, ki so sestavljeni iz deset milijonov živčnih celic? Zdrave r£ke nam omogočajo vsakovrstno delo. Pravijo, da filozofi, pisatelji in znanstveniki vršijo takozvano umsko delo; rudarji, obrtniki ali kmetje pa se trudijo z ročnim delom. V resnici bi moral vsak človek delati nekaj umskega in nekaj rečnega dela. Vsako telo je ustvarjeno za oboje. In vsako delo je častno. Ni važno, kaj delamo, ampak kako delamo. Dober in posten mizar je vec vreden kot slab ali nepošten znanstvenik. Dr. Likarjeva knjiga nam pove, da naše srce načrpa vsak dan 21,600 litrov krvi in da ima naše telo 800,000 kilometrov žilja ali žil. Dolžina žilja v enem samem odraslem telesu je skoraj enaka trem razdaljam med zemljo in luno. In kaka čudovita kemična tovarna je naš želodec! Kako lepo se dopolnjujeta moško in žensko telo! Skale in rastline so priklenjene na eno mesto. Noge pa prenašajo človeško telo iz kraja v kraj. Pravimo, da hodimo, se sprehajamo, ali morda celo tečemo. Pri vsej naglici današnjih dni, je prav, da se včasih ustavimo in pomislimo, kako nekaj čudovitega je vsak človek in vsako človeško telo, Ce bomo to dovolj razumeli, bomo bolj znali ceniti dostojanstvo človeške osebe in poslanstvo Človeka — človeka s Čudovitim telesom in razumom in svobodno voljo, Človeka, ki bi moral vedno iskati in pospeševati resnico, dobroto in lepc>to. Read and translate the above reading — Beri in prevedi berilo Answer the following questions — Odgovori na sledeča vprašanja 1. Kdo je krona stvarstva? _ 2. Kako je Aristotel definiral ____ Človeka?___. 3. S čim so razni misleci __ _____ primerjali človeško telo? _„ Kako pa verniki definirajo _______ človeka? ______- Kaj pravi Tomaž Akvinec, da _ je v vsakem človeku? _ 5. S čim vidimo? _ 6. S Čim slišimo? _ 7. S čim duhamo? _ 8. S Čim govorimo, jemo in _ pijemo? 9. Iz^cesa so sestavljeni možgani? 10. Kak§no delo vršijo pisatelji in znanstveniki? 11. Kakšno delo vršijo kmetje, rudarji in mizarji? 12. Za kakšno delo je ustvarjeno vsgko telo? 13• Kakšno je vsako delo? 14. Kaj ni važno? 15* Kaj je v^žno? 16. Koliko litrov krvi načrpa naše srce vsak dan? 17* Koliko kilometrov žilja ali žil ima naše telo? 18. Kako. se primerja dolžina žil j a v enem samem odraslem telesu? 19. Kaj lahko r^Čemo, da je želodec? 20. Kaj je prav, da včasih naredimo? 21. Kaj bomo znali bolj ceniti, če bomo pomislili, kako nekaj čudovitega je vsak človek? 22. Kaj bi moral človek vedno iskati in pospeševati? 23. Kaj ima vsak človek pc>leg razuma? III. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Choose the correct answer — Izberi pravilni odgovor 1. craftsman, artisan a. stroj 2. scientist b. rastlina 3. machine c. skala 4. writer, author S. poslanstvo 5. earth d. rudar 6. rock e. razdalja 7. beast, animal f. stvarstvo 8. factory g. luna 9. miner h. človeštvo 10. plant i. zemlja 11. moon .i. svobodna volja 12. c re ature, be ing k. oseba 13. distance 1. obrtnik 14. image m. lepota 15- creation n. dolžina 16. dignity 0. zaklad 17. intellect p. pisatelj 18. human race, mankind r. dostojanstvo 19. mission s. razum 20. treasure • s. um 21. reason t. znanstvenik 22. free will u. podoba 23. person V. žival 24. length z. tovarna 25. beauty ž. bitje Translate into Slovenian — Pre vedi v slovens?: ino 1. Aristotle defined man as a rational animal. 2. Each body is created for both mental and physical work. 3. Man is the crown of creation. Every man has a mission. 5. Every man has a reason and a free will. 6. A human being can go from one place to another but plants and rocks are stationary. 7. Animals do not have a free will. 8. It is not important what we do but how we do it. 9. We should highly value our life. 10. Scientists, writers and philosophers do mental work. 11. Carpenters, farmers, miners and craftsmen work with their hands. 12. Our stomach is a wonderful chemical factory. 13. Our heart pumps 21,600 liters of blood every day. 14. Who knows the distance between the earth and the moon? 15. Every man should seek and promote truth, beauty and goodness. lesson twenty-one I. VOCABULARY -- SLOVARČEK This extensive vocabulary may help you to find the right words concerning health and illness if you should ever need them. Use your own judgment whether or not you wish to learn all these words or only the more common ones which you are likely to hear in everyday speech. Masculine — Moški zdravnik specialist or strokovnjak kirurg stažist otroški zdravnik — urolog ginekolog psihiater psiholog tehnik bolnik alkoholik narkoman urad insulin antibiotik bacil , bacili pritisk ~ krvni pritisk krvni obtok recept napad srčni napad toplomer or termometer vitamin urin gnoj krc pulz utrip žile rentgen splosni pregled -žulj lisaj. lišaji izpuščaj spol physician, doctor, M.D. specialist surgeon intern pediatrician urologist gynecologist psychiatrist psychologist technician male patient alcoholic drug addict office insulin antibiotic mozolj izrastek strup aspirin tek, apetit mehurček hemoroidi zlata SUa (f.) katar (očesni, — v grlu, Črevesni) kašelj oslovski kašelj -sladkorčki proti kaŠlju nahod germ, germs pressure blood pressureralc blood circulation prescription attack heart attack thermometer prehlad rak na rak na >rsih lelodcu — Čir vitamin urine pus cramp, spasm pulse heart beat X-ray general check-up callus, hard skin, blister herpes, shingles rash revmatizem or — revma Tf.) sklepni revmatizem slepic or vnetje slepiča mrtvoud mozek mir počitek za^ek boj boj proti raku — pimple growth, protube ranče poison aspirin appetite blister, small bubble haemorrhoids catarrh (eye, throat, intestinal) cough whooping cough cough lozenges head cold with a running nose cold cancer breast cancer cancer of the stomach rheumatism arthritis of the joints ulcer appendicitis, appendix apoplexy, palsy, paralysis marrow peace rest ray fight, battle, struggle fight against cancer revček poor little thing Feminine — Ženski spol bolezen kožne bolezni ženske bolezni otroške bolezni neozdravljive bolezni kronične bolezni nalezljive bolezni spolne bolezni- illness, sickness, disease, disorder skin disorders female disorders children's diseases terminal diseases chronic diseases contageous diseases venereal diseases omotica narkomanija levkemija pljučnica gripa or influenca sladkorna bolezen davica Škrlatinka jetika or tuberkuloza zlatenica kila" astma or naduha vodenica zl^ta žila or hemoroidi Cm.} krčne lile £spice norice skleroza multipleks kuga lakota hromost gobavost kap možganska kap zastrupitev krvavitev notranja krvavitev nosečnost presaditev prva pomoč pomoč bolečina bolnica klinika dizziness drug addiction leukemia pneumonia flu, influenza diabetes diphtheria scarlet fever tuberculosis, T.B. jaundice hernia, rupture asthma dropsy haemorrhoids vericose veins measles chicken-pox multiple sclerosis pestilence, plague hunger, famine paralysis leprosy stroke cerebral stroke poisoning bleeding hemorrhage pregnancy transplant first aid aid, help pain, ache hospital clinic bolnica bolničarka or bolniška sestra ambulanta čakalnica operacija injekcija rana bula gnojna bula opeklina oteklina ozeblina očesna mrena obveza temperatura vročina mrzlica dieta tableta, pilula terapija tekočina griža" driska prebava proteza lekarna or farmacija revica uradne ure ordinacijske ure bradavica tehtnica nadloga -264- female patient nurse ambulance waiting room operation injection, shot wound tumor, bump tumor full of pus burn swelling frost bite eye cataract dressing, bandage temperature fever chills, shivers diet pill, tablet therapy liquid dysentry diarrhea bowel movement, digestion artificial limb, brace drugstore , pharmacy "poor thing" office hours consulting hours wart scale trouble, nuisance Neuter — Srednji spol zdravje duševno zdravje telesno zdravje zdravilo mamilo pomirilo mazilo cepivo navodilo sredstvo spanje stanje zdravstveno stanje stradanje umetno dihanje — - health -- mental health -- physical health zdravljenje -- medication, drug -- dope, narcotic zdravilišče -- tranquilizer, sedative toplice — ointment obsevanje -- vaccine, serum vnetje -- direction means sleep condition, state state of health starvation vnetje sklepov — vnetje ledvic — vnetje ušes vngtje g£la or — vneto grlo vnet j e mandel jno v-vnetje Srev Adjectives — Pridevniki dolgotrajen, dolgotrajna, o ozdravljiv, ozdravljiva, o neozdravljiv, neozdravljiva, o — nalezljiv, nalezljiva, o reden, redna, redno nereden, neredna, neredno zaprt, zaprta, zaprto učinkovit, učinkovita, o sklepen, sklepna, sklepno živahen, živahna, živahno hripav, hripava, hripavo mrtvouden,~mrtvoudna, o nevaren, nevarna, nevarno resenj resna, resno kroničen, kronična, kronično meglen, meglena^ megleno omotičen, omotična, omotično umeten, umetna, umetno naraven, naravna, naravno otroški, otroška, otroško otekel, otekla, oteklo or otecen, otecena, otec^no ozebel, ozebla, ozeblo ranjen, ranjena, ranjeno poseben, posebna, posebno Verbs— Glagoli zboleti (zbolim) bolehati (boleham) zdraviti (zdravim) pozdraviti se or (pozdravim se)- ozdraviti (ozdravim) artificial respiration cure, treatment health resort, spa thermal baths ray treatment inflammation, infection arthritis kidney infection ear infection sore throat, strep throat tonsilitis inflammation of the intestines prolonged, long lasting curable terminal, uncurable contageous regular irregular constipated, closed effective pertaining to the joints lively, full of energy hoars e paralytic, palsied dangerous serious chronic hazy, foggy dizzy artificial, not natural natural child's, children's swollen frost bitten wounded special to become ill to be ailing to treat, to cure to get well (I become ill) (I am ailing) (I treat ...) (I get well) rentgenizirati se zastrupiti počutiti se potiti se preiskati or pregledati priporočati zmeriti namakati namazati obvezati oviti or poviti žvečiti požirati bruhati iti na bruhanje stradati kašijati kihati zehati smrčati dušiti se ordinirati prenašati omeniti ugotoviti prehladiti se nalesti se omedleti pasti v nezavest obsevati umirati umreti predpisati odstraniti odkriti stehtati or colloquiallys zvag iti na operacijo biti operiran(a) dobiti injekcijo dobiti narkozo prenašati bolečine olajšati bolečine čutiti bolečine (rentgeniziram) — (zastrupimT (počutim se) 'potim se) preiŠcem or pregledam) priporočam) zmerimT namakam) namazem) obvezem) ovijem) zvecim) poziram) bruham) gre mi na...) stradam) kašijam) kiham) zeham) smrčim) dušim) ordTniram) prenašam) omenim) ugotovim) prehladim se) nalezem se) omedlim) padem v ...) obsevam) umiram) umrem) predpi.Šem) odstranim) odkrijem) stehtam) ;ati (z vagam) grem na .••) -sem operiran-a)-dobim injekcijo) dobim narkozo) - to take X-rays to poison to feel to sweat to examine to recommend to measure to soak to salve, to smear to bandage, to put on a dres sin, to wind around to chew to swallow to vomit to be nauseated to starve to cough to sneeze to yawn to snore to choke to be in the office for consult a1 to bear, to stand to mention to determine to catch a cold to catch an illness to faint to become unconscious to give ray treatments to be dying to die to prescribe to remove to discover to weigh I ...) I poison) I feel) I sweat) I examine) recommend) measure) soak) smear) bandage) wind ...) chew) swallow) vomit) am .. *) starve) cough) sneeze) yawn) snore) choke) am ...) tion I bear) I mention) I determine) I catch...) I catch.*.) I faint) I ...) I ...) I am ...) I die) I prescribe) I remove) I discover) I weigh) - to go for an operation (I - to be operated on (I.. - to get a shot (I.. *) - to get anaesthesia (I.. - to stand (bear) the pain - to ease the pain, to relieve the pain - to feel the pain Everyday expressions — Vsakdan.ii izrazi na smrtni postelji tik pred smrtjo po dolgotrajni bolezni nenadoma, nepričakovano ves~~dan; vso noc prejšnji teden; prihodnji teden -zadnjic or~zadnjikrat ze dolgo približno enak(a. o) iz zdravstvenih razlogov v nevarnosti izven nevarnosti v kritičnem stanju pri nas starejsih Kaj ti (vam) je? Kaj mu (ji) je? Sam (sama) ne vem! Morda je srčni napad. Srce prehitro bijeT To nenavadno zanj (zanjo). Zdrav(a) je videti. Colloquiallyt Dobro izgleda. Je pri zavesti. Ni pri zavesti. On boleha na srcu. Vrti se mi v glavi. Ori Omotičen sem. Zvija me po trebuhu. Or: Imam trebušne krče. Duši me. 4stma me muci. Imam hud nahod. Imam visoko vročino. Vroce mi je. Zebe me. Imam mrzlico. Kje je najbližja bolnica? Prosim, takoj pokličite zdravnika! Hitro v bolnico. Slepič je. Kje je čakalnica? Kje je uhod? Kdaj ordinira doktor Glavan? Ob desetih nioram biti pri zdravniku. Pomagajte mu z umetnim dihanj em!-intenzivna nega on the deathbed just before death (dying) after a prolonged illness suddenly, unexpectedly all day long; all night long last week; next week for the last time for a long time already about the same because of health reasons in danger out of danger in critical condition with us adults i among older people What's the matter with you? What's the matter with him (her)? I don't know myself. Maybe it's a heart attack. The heartbeat is too fast. This is unusual for him (her). He (she) looks healthy. He (she) looks well. He (she) is conscious. He (she) is unconscious. He has a heart ailment. I am dizzy. I have stomach cramps. I am choking. Asthma is tormenting (bothering) me very much. I have a bad cold. I have a high fever. I'm hot. I'm cold. I have the chills. Where is the nearest hospital? Please call the doctor immediately! Quickly to the hospital! It's appendicitis. Where is the waiting room? Where is the entrance? When are Dr. Glavan*s office hours? I have a doctor's appointment at ten o'clock. Help him with artificial respiration! intensive care A. Let us read and study the following sentences — Berimo in naučimo se sledeče stavke bolnikt Dober dan, gospod doktorS Prišel sera na splošni pregled. Ne počutim se dobro. Zelo slab£ se počutim. Vse me boli. V prsih me boli. Tjikaj me boli. (Pokaži!) Imam s t ras en~glavo bolT Or s Zelo me boli glava. Grlo me zelo boli. Komaj požiram. Ne morem požirati. Preveč se potim. Mrzlica me trese. Mislim, da imam vročino. ZeLodec me boli. Imam krče. Gre mi^na bruhanje. Vso noc sem bruhal(a). Hrbet (križ) me boli. Težko sedim in vstgnem. Ne morem se pripogniti. Levo uho me zelo boli. Nic nisem spal ponoči. Ors Vso noc nisem spal. Nekaj je narobe z mojimi očmi. Z desnim očesom ne vidim dobro. Vrti se mi v glavi. Ors Omotičen (omotična) sem. Vse vidim megleno. Ves teden že kašijam. Prehladil(a) sem se. Imam hud nahod. Sem zaprt(a). Nimam redne prebave. Imam drisko. Imam sladkorno bolezen. Imam slabe-živce. Ne morem spati (jesti, dihati). Vedno sem zelo utrujen(aj. Prehitro se utrudim. Takoj se utrudim. Prosim, dajte mi zdravila. Koliko stane? Ors Koliko sem vam dolžan (dolžna)? Ali naj še pridem? A PATIENT* Hello, doctor! I came for a general check-up. I don't feel well. I feel terrible. I ache all over. I have chest pains. It hurts here. (Point!) I have a terrible headache. I have a very bad sore throat. I can hardly swallow. I can't swallow. I sweat too much. I have the chills. I think I have a fever. My stomach hurts. I have cramps. I am nauseated. I was vomiting all night. My back aches. It hurts to sit and get up. I can't bend. My left ear hurts very much. I didn't sleep all night. Something is wrong with ray eyes. I don't see well with my right eye. I am dizzy. Everything is hazy. I am coughing all week already, I caught a cold. I have a terrible cold. I am constipated. I don't have regular bowel movements. I have diarrhea. I am a diabetic. I have bad nerves. I can't sleep (eat, breathe). I am always very tired. I get tired too quickly. I get tired right away. Please give me some medication. How much do I owe you? Should I come again? Kdaj naj spet pridem? Komaj prenašam bolečine. Ne morem vec prenašati bolečin. Ali moram biti v postelji? Hvala lepa, gospod doktor! ZDRAVNIK: Kaj vas (te) boli? Kje vas (te^ boli? Kako dolgo ze imate bolečine? Odprite usta! Globoko dihajte! Pulz je normalen. Srce vam prehitro bije. Srcg vam prepočasi bije. Zmerili bomo krvni pritisk. Imate previsok krvni pritisk. Imate prenizek krvni pritisk. Stopite na tehtnico! Vas bomo stehtali. Imate normalno tezo. Morate shujšati. Samo hudo gripo imate. Imate vnetje ledvic. To ni nic nevarnega. Raka imate na črevesju. Ni veliko upanja, da bi ozdravili. Moramo rentgenizirati. Treba bo operirati. Cir imate na želodcu. Vas otrok ima zlatenico. Mislim, da ni pljucnica. Dal vam bom injekcijo. To vam bo olajšalo bolečine. Vzemite po eno tableto trikrat na dan po jedi (pred jedjo). Dal vam bom recept. Pijte veliko tekočin! Grgrajte večkrat na dan! Prst bomo obvezali. Nogo namakajte v mlačni vodi! Vrnite se čez en teden! On Cez en teden spet pridite. Ni vam treba vec priti, ce bo bolje. Pokličite me po telefonu, ce kaj rabite. Ce vas bo zelo bolelo, vzemite tablete proti bolečinam. When should I come again? I can hardly stand the pain. I can no longer stand the pain. Must I stay in bed? Thank you very much, doctor! THE DOCTOR« What hurts you? Where does it hurt you? How long do you have this pain? Open your mouth! Take a deep breath! Your pulse is normal. Your heartbeat is too fast. Your heartbeat is too slow. We'll take your blood pressure. You have high blood pressure. Your blood pressure is too low. Step on the scale! We'll weigh you. Your weight is normal. You must lose weight. You only have a bad flu. You have a kidney infection. This isn't dangerous at all. You have cancer of the intestines There isn't much hope that you would get well. We must take X-rays. It will be necessary to operate. You have an ulcer on your stomach Your child has jaundice. I don't think it's pneumonia. I'll give you a shot. This will reduce the pain. Take one pill three times a day after meals (before meals). I'll give you a prescription. Drink a lot of liquids! Gargle many times a day! We'll put a dressing on your finger. Soak your foot in lukewarm water! Come back in a week. You don't have to come again if you feel better. Call me by phone if you need anything. If you're in pain, take the pain pills. B. Translate the following words - - Prevedi sledeče besede Z ____rheumatism D________diet R __________medication, drug A ________operation V____________fever J _ inflammation, infection E ____________therapy I ______________blood pressure N________head cold with a running nose B______tumor, bump 0 pus 1»________shingles, herpes E___or______appetite Z pulse N _ liquid 1 ____chills, shivers C. Choose the correct words — Izberi pravilne besede 1. to catch a cold a. smrčati 2. to recommend b. stradati 3. to mention c. iti na bruhanje 4, to examine * c. požirati 5. to snore d. potiti se 6. to determine e. dihati 7. to swallow f. operirati 8. to soak g. omeniti 9. to breathe h. stehtati 10. to cough i. žvečiti 11. to starve i. zdehati 12. to vomit k. umirati 13. to be nauseated 1. prenašati 14. to yawn m. prehladiti se 15. to operate n. omedleti 16. to be dying o. kašijati 17. to weigh TJ. obvezati 18. to chew r. pregledati 19. to bear, to stand s. umreti 20. to measure * s. namakati 21. to faint t. nalesti se 22. to sweat, to perspire u. ugotoviti 23. to catch an illness V. zmeriti 24. to die z. bruhati 25. to bandage * z. priporočati * * * 1. contageous a. oti-oški 2. artificial b. ozdravljiv 3. frost bitten c. nereden 4. natural ♦ c. ženski 5. curable d. otekel 6. terminal e. ranjen 7. dizzy f. resen 8. hoarse e. reden 9. regular h. umeten 10. irregular i. omotičen 11. wounded .i. nalezljiv 12. hazy, foggy k. ozebel 13. lively, full of energy 1. moški 14. swollen m. mrtvouden 15. children's n. hripav 16. female 0. nevaren 17. male T>. meglen 18. serious r. ne ozdravi ji1 19. paralytic s. naraven 20. dangerous * s. živahen D. You will be able to find forty Slovenian words which we have studied in this lesson in the following "word finder" puzzle. When you find each one, encircle it in the puzzle and then write it next to its English counterpart below. V spodnji "crkovnici" boste našli štirideset slovenskih besed, ki smo se jih naučili v tej lekciji. Ko najdete slovensko besedo, jo obkrožite v "crkovnici" in potem napišite poleg ustrezne angleške besede spodaj. B 0 L N I C A)S Z D R A V I L 0 0 P E K L I N A D U A P I K A T L R E N T 6 E N R C K U G A L E N E S L E P I C A S T R U P A K I B A E Ž C I R V 0 G B 0 J K N 5 A T Z U K R I N A R K 0 M A N K V 0 S L B A C I L I R M E S 0 A A P M J E T I K A P A 0 P E R S C L A K 0 T A R I A M T L L I E E I Z 0 Z N A P A D R I J J C S P C I R E C E P T A A C U P E T I E L B B 0 L E e I N A C Z § R V A 0 P L E K A R N A I N Z A A 0 P 0 C I T E K L D C M I R e V R 0 C I N A T E H T N I C A i 0 B V E Z A T C E P I V 0 A I R T A B L E T A(T E K^O S P I C E S R C N I N A P A D Z D R A V J Examples appetite — tek hospital 1. ache, pain 10. dizziness 2. appendix 11. drug addict 3• bandage 12. drugstore 4. burn 13. fever 5* callus 14. flu 6. cancer 15. frost bite 7. chicken pox 16. germ 8. cough 17. heart attack 9. digestion, bowel movement -272- 18. hunger 28. poison 19. measles 29. prescription 20. medication, 30. rest 21. drug nurse 31. scale 32. stroke 22. ointment 33. thermal baths 23. peace 34. tuberculosis 24. pill, tablet 35. ulcer 25. physician 36. vaccine 26. plague, 37. wound pestilence 27. pneumonia 38. X-ray £. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleščino 1. Vsako l£to grem na splošni pregled. 2. Rad bi govoril z zdravnikom. 3. Norice in ošpice sta otroški bolezni. 4. Moja teta ima raka na pljučih. 5. Rak je nevarna bolezen. 6. Kdaj ima doktor Speh uradne ure? 7. Oce bi rad dobrega specialista za srce. 8. Katerega zdravnika vi priporočate? 9. Leta 1928. je Alexander Fleming_ odkril penicilin, prvi antibiotik. 10. 2e par dni me boli v prsih in imam visoko vročino. Upam, da ni pljučnica. 11. Na pikniku sem se prehladil. 12. Pijte veliko tekočin! _ -273- 13. Stari mani se dela mrena na levem oc£su. 14. Rabite veliko počitkaI 15. Gre mi na bruhanje. Mislim, da imam trebušno influenco. 16. Te tablete so sanw prati bolečinam. 17. Janezek ima škrlatinko. 18. To je nalezljiva bolezen. 19. V lekarni lahko dobite to mazilo brez recepta. 20. Namazite rano vsak večer s tem mazilom in namakajte nogo v mlačni vodi trikrat na dan. 21. Doktor Christian Bernard je l£ta 1967. naredil prvo uspešno presaditev srca* 22. Ali je kaj upanja, da se bo mama pozdravila? 23. Ali je oce še vadno v kritičnem stanju? 24. Ne, on je ze izven nevarnosti. 25. Naš sosed je nenadoma umrl. 26. Njihov sin je narkoman. 27. Kdo bi mu lahko pomagal? 28. Jonas Salk je odkril učinkovito cepivo proti poliomielitisu. 29. Kdo tako smrči? 30. fiez tri tedne zopet pridite na pregledi 31. Gospod Hrastnik ze dolgo boleha na srcu. 32. Moram se stehtati. 33. Koliko tehtaš? Vec kot jaz,_ ali manj kot jaz? _ 34. Danes se že bolje počutim. _ 35« Včeraj sem se zelo slabo _ počutil. Vse me je bolelo. _ 36. Grlo me zelo boli. Ne morem _ požirati. _ 37. Šel bom k zdravniku po _ injekcijo penecilina. _ 38. Ta zdravila niso učinkovita._ 39. Morda vam bo gospod _ zdravnik predpisal druga _ zdravi1a. _ 40. Marko je bil včeraj operiran_ na slepiču. _ F- Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. My father has high blood _ pressure. _ 2. I am coughing all week _ already, ___ 3. Stephanie (Štefka) has a ___ high fever and a sore throat.__ 4. Dr. Perko is an excellent _ surgeon. __ 5. Do I need a prescription ___ for this ointment? 6. You can buy these pills _ without a prescription. 7- I have a terrible headache. _ 8. I ache all over. _ 9. Take a deep breath! _ 10. She couldn't breathe. _ 11. I couldn't sleep all night ___ long. _ 12. You must go to a heart specialist! 13. Where is the waiting room? 14. I don't feel well today. 15. You need a good rest. 16. Do you snore in (your) sleep? 17. When should I come? 18. I am dizzy. 19. Frances (Francka) fainted. 20. Is diphtheria a contageous disease? 21. I don't need a lot of sleep. 22. He is unconscious. 23. Johnny (Janezek) had stomach cramps all day yesterday. 24. Your heartbeat is too fast. 25. Call the doctor! 26. Quickly to the hospital! 27. Maybe it's appendicitis. 28. This girl is a diabetic. 29. She must have a special diet. 30. I am sweating. I think I have a fever. 31. How do you feel today? 32. You look healthy. 33. Emily (Milica) has chest pains and the chills. 34. I have a bad (hud) cold. 35. How much do I owe you? 36. How much do you weigh? 37. He has an ulcer, 38. When will you be operated? 39. I'll come to visit you in the hospital. 40. Health is wealth. Ga. Hren: Ga. Breznik: Ga. Hrens Ga. Breznik« Ga. Hreni Ga. Breznik: Ga. Hren: Ga. Breznik: Ga. Hren: Ga. Breznik: Ga. Hren: Ga. Breznik: Ga. Hren: Ga. Breznik: Ga. Hren: Ga. Breznik: Ga. Hren: Ga. Breznik: Ga. Hren: III. READING — BERILO V cakalnici Dober dan, gospa Breznik. Tudi vi ste tukaj. Dober dan. Da, nas Janezek je zbolel. Revček! Kaj mu je? Sama ne vem. Pravi, da ga grlo boli. Visoko vročino ima 5e dva dni. Aspirini sploh niS ne pomagajo. Morda bo gripa. Otroci se hitro nalezejo kaj takega. Tudi meni se zdi, da bo kaka influenca. Zvija ga po trebuhu in drisko ima. Apetita pa sploh nobenega. Zelo je bled. To je nenavadno zanj. Vedno ima rdeča lica in je živahen. Navadno ima tudi dober apetit. Saj bo gospod doktor takoj ugotovil, kaj je narobe. Upam, da bo dal d^ber recept za zdravila, da mu olajša bolečine in ustavi vročino. Otroci se hitro pozdravijo. Kmalu bo zopet lahko šel v šolo. Kako pa kaj z vami? Saj veste. Pri nas starejših je vedno kaj narobe. Astma me muci. Nisem vedela, da imate astmo. Da, tudi to nadlogo imam. Poleg tega pa še sladkorno bolezen in sklepni revmatizem. Revica, kar precej nadlog imate. 0, da. Imela sem tudi ze dve operaciji. Najprej sem imela kamne na ledvicah. Potem so mi pa operirali še krene žile na obeh nogah. Kar dve operaciji ste imeli. Jaz pa še nobene. Vi ste še mlada. Pazite na svoje zdravje! To je največje bogastvo na svetu." Read and translate the reading — Beri in prevedi berilo Answer the following questions — Odgovori na sledečiTvorašanja 1. Kaj je Janezku? 2. Kakšne bolezni ima gospa Hren? 3- Kakšni operaciji je že imela gospa Hren? V kakšnem zdravstvenem stanju si ti? 5. Kdaj si bil(a) zadnjic pri zdravniku? 6. Ali si že imel(a) kako operacijo? Kakšno? 7• Kakšne bolezni si že imel(a)? LESSON TWENTY-TWO I. VOCABULARY ~ SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol zobozdravnik mosticek absces zobob2l zobotrebec modrostni zob mlačni zobje umetni zobje zgornji zobje spodnji zobje z^bni prašek žvečilni gumi dentist dental bridge abscess toothache toothpick wisdom tooth first (milk) Feminine — Ženski spol plomba dlesna, dlesne — čeljust luknja luknjica krona teeth, baby teeth false teeth zobna šcetka upper teeth lower teeth tooth powder chewing gum Neuter — Sredn.ii spol zobovje — set of teeth umetno zobovje — denture, false teeth Adjectives — Pridevniki strašen, strašna, strašno or grozen, grozna, grozno umeten, umetna, umetno gnil, gnila, gnilo votel, votla, v£tlo raven, ravna, ravno močen or močan, močna, močno pocenj počena, počeno premičen, premična, premično nepremičen, nepremična, o or zdbna krtacka zobna pasta zobna proteza čiščenje zob klešče tooth filling gum, gums jaw hole, cavity small hole, small cavity crown cap, crown toothbrush tooth paste tooth brace(s) — cleaning of teeth — forceps, tongs, pincers — terrible, horrible, awful — false, artificial — rotten, decayed — hollow — straight — strong — cracked, broken — moveable, temporary — fixed, permanent Verbs — Glagoli dobivati zob£ izdreti zob izpuliti or populiti plombirati or zaliti zob škripati z zobmi splakniti spirati pljuvati izpljuniti gristi » —•... žvečiti (dobivam . (izdrem or izderem) (izpulim or populim) (plombiram, zalijem zob) (škripam) (splaknem) (spiram) (pljuvam) (izpljunem) (grizem) / * —* • \ (zvecim) ..) — to cut one's teeth (I ...) — to extract a tooth (I ...) — to pull out (I ...) to put in a tooth filling (I ...) to grind one's teeth (I ...) to rinse to use mouth wash to spit to spit out to bite to chew (I rinse) (I ...) (I spit) (I ...) (I bite) ( chew) očistiti si zobe* or krtačiti si zobe or umivati si zobe pohiteti premisliti premisliti si or se d£gniti pritrditi uničiti Živec omamiti Živec (očistim ...) — to brush one*s teeth (I ...) (krtačim ...) (umivam ...) (pohitim) (premislim) (premislim si) (drgnem) (pritrdim) (uničim ...) ( omamim ...) to hurry, to hurry up (I ...) to think it over (I ...) to change one's mind (I ...) to rub (I rub) to tighten, to fasten,(I ...) to agree, to give one's consent to kill the nerve (I ...) to numb the nerve (I ...) Everyday expressions — Vsakdan.ii izrazi brez zob škrbast, a, o Im^n zobobol. Ori Zob me boli« Daj jezik za zobe! Pazi na^svfije zo%! Skrbno čisti zobe po vsaki jedi! Redno si čisti zobe! Očisti si zobe! Ori Umi j si zobe!™ Ta zob se maje. Daj Žvečilni gjami iz ust! Ori Vzemi žvečilni gymi iz ust! Splakni (splaknite) si jista! Predolgo sem odlašal. Bo že b£lje. Je že bal je. Bolje že ne bo. No, kar hitro! without teeth, toothless having gaps between teeth, having some teeth missing I have a toothache. Hold your tongue! Take care of your teeth! Brush your teeth carefully after every meal! Brush your teeth regularly! Brush your teeth! This tooth is loose. Take the chewing gum out of your mouth! Rinse your mouth! I waited too long. It will get better. It's better already. It won't get any better. Well, let's get going! ♦ There are two acceptable accents for "zobeMi z£be or zobe. A. II. EXERCISES ~ VAJE Let us read and study the following sentences __ Berimo in naučimo se sledeče stavke - Ta zob me^boli. Imgm strašen zobobol. Vsa Čeljust me boli. Dlasne me bolijo. Na dasni (levi) strani me boli. Usadite se!~ Odprite jista! 2e vidim. Plombo ste zgubili. Ta zob maramo plombirati. Maram vam dati novo plombo. Ali naj vam~dam novokain? Nič ne baste čjitili. Spam, da ne bo bolelo. This tooth hurts. I have a terrible toothache. My entire jaw hurts. My gums hurt. It hurts on my right (left) side. Sit down! Open your mouth! I see. You lost your filling. We must fill this tooth. I must give you a new filling. Should I give you novocaine? You won't feel anything. I hope it won't hurt. Ta zob moramo izdreti. We must extract this tooth. Lahk£ vam napravim*~krono na I can cap this tooth, ta zob. Na modrostnem zobu imate You have abscess on your wisdom abscgs. ~ tooth. Mosticek se maje. The bridge is loose. Kateri zob se~maje? Which tooth is loose? Priporočam vam nepremičen I recommend a permanent bridge. mostiček. Rentgenizbrali vam b^mo vse We'll take an X-ray of all your zobg.. teeth. Vsakih šest mesecev pridite Come for a check-up every six na pregled! ~ "" months! Sl^bi zobjg, šk£dijo zdravju. Bad teeth are harmful to health. Rabite trdo (mehko) zobno Use a hard (soft) tooth brush! šcetko! Tega zoba ne moremo rešiti. We can't save this tooth. Je cisto gnil. It's thoroughly decayed. B. Translate into Eng;lisfr — Prevedite v angleščino 1. Zobe čistimo z zobno Ščetko in zobno pasto. ___________________________ 2. Katera zobna pasta je _ najboljša? ____________________ 3. Ne najdem svoje z£bne ščetke. _________________________ VBakih šest mesecev grem k _ zobozdravniku, da mi skrbno _________________________ pregleda in očisti zobe. . 5. Čeprav si redno čistim zoba* _______________________ imam precej plomb. _ 6. Ce dobim novokain, ne čutim _______________________ bolečin. _ 7. Po vsaki jedi si očistim _ zob£. _ 8. Martinček je star komaj šest mesecev in 5e dobiva zobg.. _______________________ 9. Prosim, ne izderite tega _ zoba* _ 10. Dlgsne me bolijo. | 11. Naš stari ata ima umetne _ zobe. 12. Nasa Metka ima še mlečne zobe. 13. Gospa Resnik bi raje nepremičen mosticek. 14. Danes si še nisem očistil(a) zob. 15. Modrostni zob me zelo boli. 16. V tem zobu imate majhno luknjico. Treba ga bo plombirati. 17. Jaka (Jack) ima veliko votlih in počenih zob, ker si jih ne cisti redno. 18. Prevroče ali premrzle jedi škodijo zobem. 19. Tudi bonboni (sladkorcki), čokolada in druge slašcice so slabe za zob£. 20. Maja ima krasne bele zobe. 21. Kakšno zobno šcetko imaš rajši, trdo ali mehko? 22. Ta zob je cisto gnil. 23. Tega zoba ne moremo rešiti. 24. Ali imaš kaj Žvečilnega gumija? 25. Otroci zelo radi zveSijo žvečilni gumi. 26. Teta Francka (Frances) je dala vsakemu otroku košček žvečilnega gumija. 27. Tonček (Tony) ima že deset zalitih (plombiranih) zob, ker je preveč slašcic. 28. Magda (Magdalene) je zgubila že šest mlečnih zob. 29. Ta zob moramo rentgenizirati. 30. Imam še vse svoje zob£. _ C. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. I need a new toothbrush. _ 2. I prefer a soft toothbrush. _ 3. What kind of tooth paste _ do you use? _ Julie (Julka) has only one _ cavity. _ 5- Did you brush your teeth _ today? _ 6. Do you brush your teeth _ regularly? _ 7. Yes, I brush my teeth every _ day. _ 8. This tooth is only cracked. _ 9. I have a permanent bridge _ on the right side. _ 10. This tooth is loose. _ 11. My gums hurt. _ 12. My upper jaw hurts. _ 13. Helen (Lenka) has a terrible _ toothache. _ 14. The dentist filled three of _ my teeth today. _ 15. I have healthy teeth. _ 16. Please don't extract the _ tooth. _ 17. This tooth hurts. I think, _ I lost the filling. _ 18. Open your mouth, please! _ 19. Rinse your mouth! _ 20. You won't feel the pain. _ 21. It will get better. 22. Take the chewing gum out of your mouth! 23. Would you like novocaine? 24. Yes, please. I hope, it won't hurt too much. 25. I must go to the dentist tomorrow at eleven o'clock. III. READING — BERILO K zobozdravniku Petercek, pohitiI Pri zobozdravniku morava biti že ob devetih. Sem se premislil. Ne grem. To pa že ne. Saj si vso noč jokal, da te boli zob. Sedaj je ze bolje. Usta si bom spiral s čajem. Ali se bojiš iti k zobozdravniku? Da, mama. Bojim se njegovih klele, če bo moral zdreti zob. Predolgo si odlašal! Bolje ze ne bo. Kar pojdiva: Prosil bom za močno injekcijo. Potem, ko ne bom nič čutil, pa naj kar izdere zob. Tako hitro pa ne. Treba bo vprašati, ce se ga se da plombirati. Pred leti so preveč zob populili, zato pa je toliko starejših ljudi brez zob. Tako kot naŠa stara mama. No, kar hitro, Petercek. V nekaj minutah bova tam. Read and translate the above reading — Beri in prevedi zgoraie berilo — --— Answer the following questions — Odgovori sledeča vprašania 1. Kam gresta mama in Peterček? ____ 2. Kdaj morata biti pri zobo- _ zdravniku? Mamat Peterčekj Mama t Peterček: Mama t Peterčeki Mama t Peterček t Mama t P^terČek i Mama i 3. Koga je bolel zob vso noČ? Cgjsa se P^terček najbolj boji? 5. Kaj bo PgterČek prosil gospgda zobozdravnika? 6. Kaj pravi rngma, da bo tr^ba vprašati zobozdravnika? 7. Zakaj je toliko starajših ljudi brez zob? 8. Ali imaš ti zdrave zoba? 9. Kdaj si bil zadnjič pri zobozdravniku? 10. Ali si r£dno čistiš zobe? I. VOCABULARY -- SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol Nobelovec znamenitnik znanstvenik učenjak clan naslov nasvet napotek institut uspeh a Nobel prize winner a prominent or a distinguished man scientist a learned man member address suggestion, advice instruction, direction institute success podatki (pl.) -- data instrument — instrument vodja dekan rektor oddelek miligram Nemec Nizozemec Dunaj častni doktorat predsednik svet vzorec dokument Neuter — Sredn.ii spol Feminine — Ženski spol država publikacija osnovna sola state, country publication elementary school — university or ljudska šola srednja šola — high school or gimnazija univerza or vseučilišče (n.) fiziologija histologija analiza mikroanaliza količina snov leader, chief, director dean rector, provost, chancellor department, division metric measure (one thousandth of a gram) a German a Dutchman Vienna honorary doctorate president world sample, pattern, specimen document tehtnica naprava aparatura kemija prva svetovna vojna nagrada Švedska komisija enciklopedija znanost tehnologija metoda oporoka slava domovina stoletje število finančno sredstvo znanje raziskovanje odkritje" področje narodna zavest -smrt century number financial means knowledge, learning research discovery field of work, area, domain -286- physiology histology analysis microanalysis quantity matter, material, substance scale device, appliance apparatus, equipment chemistry First World War reward, prize Sweden commission encyclopedia knowledge, science technology method last will and testament glory, honor, fame, renown native country, homeland national consciousness death Adjectives — Pridevniki slaven, slavna, slavno or slovit, slovita, slovito znamenit, znamenita, znamenito - zaveden, zavedna, zavedno svetovno znan, znana, znano potreben, potrebna, potrebno nemški, nemška, nemško znanstven, znanstvena, o razen, razna, razno zamuden, zamudna, zamudno počasen, počasna, počasno neverjeten, neverjetna^ o kemičen, kemična, kemično organski, organska, organsko zanesljiv, zanesljiva, o svetovni, svetovna, svetovno naslednji, naslednja, naslednje-poslednji, poslednja^ poslednje-obširni, obširna, obširno številni, številna, številno — famous, celebrated, renowned — distinguished, prominent, remarkable, famous — (nationality) conscious — world famous — needed, needy, necessary — German — scientific — various — time consuming — slbw — unbelievable, incredible — chemical — organic — reliable, trustworthy — world's, of the world, universal next, following last, final extensive, vast, widespread numerous Verbs — Glagoli zasluziti proučevati poučevati predstaviti obiskovati izpopolnjevati postati zgraditi zasloveti podeliti sprejeti zrasti izdelovati ohraniti zapustiti doseči razviti odkriti (zaslužim) (proučujem) (poučujem) (predstavim) (obiskujem) (i zpopolnjujem) ■ (postanem) (zgradim) (zaslovim) (podelim) (sprejmem) (zrastem or zrasem) (izdelujem) (ohranim) (zapustim) (dosežem) (razvijem) (odkrijem) to earn (I earn) to research, (I research) to study thoroughly to teach, (I teach) to instruct to introduce to attend to perfect, to improve to become to build, to construct, to erect to become famous (I become ••*) to bestow, (I bestow) to confer, to grant to accept, (I accept) to receive to grow up (I grow up) (I introduce) (I attend) (I perfect) (I become) (I build) to manufacture, (I to make, to produce to preserve, (I to keep, to save to leave, (I to bequeath to reach (I to develop (I to discover (I manufacture) preserve) leave) reach) develop) discover) Other words — Druge besede niti najdalje kot or kakor zato or torej toda do takrat v domovini na tujem sistematično nad Četrt stoletja po vsem svetu drugod po svetu po vseh državah sveta na kratko v znanstvenem smislu po prvi svetovni vojni — nor — the longest, the farthest — like, as — therefore — however — up to that time — in the native land — abroad — systematically — over a quarter of a century — throughout the world — elsewhere in the world — in all the countries of the world — briefly, in brief — in the scientific sense — after the First World War II. READING -- BERILO Slovenski Nobelovec Friderik Pregl oce mikroanalize Slovenci imamo mnogo slavnih mož, toda ne poznamo jih tako dobro, kot bi ti znamenitniki zaslužili. Zato člani Slovenskega ameriškega instituta -- The Slovenian Research Center of America, Inc., že nad četrt stoletja sistematično proučujejo tudi življenje in delo znamenitih Slovencev po vsem svetu. S podatki, naslovi, nasveti in napotki inštitutu pri tem delu pomaga zelo veliko število zavednih Slovencev v obeh Amerikah, v Evropi in drugod po svetu. Inštitut vam bo predstavil slovenske znamenitnike in uspehe po vseh državah sveta, takoj ko bo imel za to delo in publikacije potrebna finančna sredstva. V tej lekciji pa vam naj na kratko predstavimo slavnega slovenskega zdravnika in znanstvenika doktorja Friderika Pregla. Friderik Pregl se je rodil leta i869. v Ljubljani, Sloveniji. Osnovno in srednjo šolo je obiskoval v Ljubljani, medicino pa je študiral v Gradcu (Graz) v Avstriji, kjer je leta 1884. dobil doktorat. Svoje znanje je še izpopolnjeval na nemških univerzah v Tuebingenu in na Lipskem (v Leipzigu) in v Berlinu. Kot profesor pa je poučeval na univerzah v Inomostu (Innsbruck) in Pragi, najdalje pa v Gradcu, kjer je leta 1903. postal vodja fiziološko-histološkega oddelka, leta 1916. dekan medicinske šole, leta 1920. -288- pa rektor univerze. Pregl je živel in delal v časih, ko so za razne znanstvene analize potrebovali se velike količine snovi. Taka raziskovanja so bila zelo draga, počasna in zamudna. Zato je Pregl razvil nove metode raziskovanja. Sam je zgradil svoje slovite mikrotehtnice in druge znanstvene inštrumente, naprave ali aparature. V času prve svetovne vojne je dosegel do takrat neverjetne uspehe na področju organske kemične analize — zanesljivo analizo s samo tremi miligrami snovi. Zaslovel je po vsem svetu kot oce mikro-analize. 2e leta 1914. je dobil Liebenovo nagrado dunajske univerze. Leta 1920. mu je univerza v Tuebingu podelila častni doktorat. In leta 1923. je v Stockholmu na Švedskem naš slovenski zdravnik in znanstvenik sprejel za svoje veliko znanstveno delo ' -289- Nobel Prize Chemistry 1923 If one wishes to sum up the significance of the field to which Pregl's work betcngs, one could say that without this organic elemental analysis there would be no organic chemistry in the scientific sense, neither would we possess the extensive chemical industry that has arisen out of it. The above statement was made by Professor Ham-mersten, chairman of Nobel Committee for Chemistry of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science. Yes, without our Slovenian compatriot Pregl, chemistry, science, medicine, end industry would 'be poorer and less developed and the wheels of progress would turn at a much slower rate. Frederic Pregl world-famous Slovenian Scientist, Father of micro-analysis and Nobel Prize Winner for Chemislry in 1923 COURTESY OF ING. LADO KHAM Austrian Stamp commemorates Nobel Prize to Slovenian scientist Frederic Pregl Nobelovo nagrado v kemiji. Med slikami in dokumenti, ki jih je nas inštitut dobil iz St£ckholma, so tudi naslednje besede profesorja Hamerstena, predsednika Nobelove komisije za kemijo: "Brez Preglove analize elementov bi svet ne poznal organske kemjije v znanstvenem smislu, niti bi ne imeli obširne kemične industrije, ki je zrasla iz Preglovih odkritij." Pri Preglu v Gradcu so študirali učenjaki iz številnih dežel, med njimi Nemec Kuhlmann, ki je po Preglovem vzorcu začel izdelovati svoje mikrotehtnicej Nizozemec Henrik Dam, ki je leta 1943. sam dobil Nobelovo nagrado za svoje odkritje vitamina K; in ameriški znanstvenik P.A. Levine, ki je po besedah Azimove enciklopedije znanosti in tehnologije prinesel Preglove svetovno znane metode v Ameriko. Pregl je umrl leta 1930. v Gradcu. V svoji oporoki je zapustil svoje slovite aparature za mikroanalizo, ki so mu prinesle svetovno slavo, slovenski univerzi v Ljubljani in tako pokazal, da je vkljub življenju in uspehom na tujem v svojem srcu do smrti ohranil ljubezen do svoje slovenske domovine. Pregl*s original apparatus for micro-analysis which he willed to the Slovenian University of Ljubljana Read and translate the reading — Beri in prevedi berilo Answer the following questions — Odgovori sledeča vprasan.ia 1. Kdo je oce mikroanalize? _ 2. Kdaj in kje se je rodil ___ Friderik Pregl? ___ 3. Kje je obiBkoval osnovno in _ višjo Šolo? __ Kje je Študiral medicino? _ 5. Na kateri univerzi je Pregl najdalje poučeval? 6. Katerega leta je Pregl postal rektor graške univerze? 7. Zakaj je bilo, znanstveno raziskovanje takt) drago, počasno in zamudno pred odkritji dr. Pregla? 8. Kaj je dr. Pregl razvil? 9. Kaj je sam zgradil? 10. Na katerem področju je Pregl dosegel neverjetne uspehe v času prve svetovne vojne? 11. Koliko snovi je bilo potrebne za zanesljivo analizo po Preglovih odkritjih? 12. Katerega leta je Pregl dobil Nobelovo nagrado? 13* Po besedah profesorja Hamerstena, cesa bi svet ne poznal po znanstvenem smislu in c^sa bi ne imeli brez Pregla? 14. Katere slavne Preglove ucence poznate? 15• Kateri Preglov ucenec je odkril vitamin K? 16. Kateri ameriški znanstvenik je prinesel Preglove svetovno_ znane metode v Ameriko? 17. Kdaj in kje je Pregl umrl? _ 18. Koliko je bil Pregl star, ko je umrl? 19. Komu je zapustil svoje slovite aparature za mikroanalizo? 20. Kaj je Pregl pokazal s svojo oporoko? III. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Translate the following verb formB — Prevedi sledeče glagolne oblike —- 1. on poučuje _________ 2. smo zapustili _ 3- so zrastli or so zrasli __ _ 4. sem sprejel(a) ___ 5. bom zaslužil (a) __ 6. ste ohranili ___ 7. (jaz) bi zasluzil ______ 8. izdelujejo _ 9. smo dosegli _ 10. so sprejeli ________ 11. ne morem doseči _ 12. bos ohranil _ 13* je poučevala _ 14. obiskujemo _ 15* proučujejo __ 17. so odkrili 18. bo postal(a) 19. je podelil 20. bom zapustil B. Choose the correct answer — Izberi pravilni odgovor 1. fame, glory a. 5 lan 2. last will b. naprava 3. chemistry c. gimnazija 4. member S. domovina 5. learned man d. odkritje 6. death e. število 7. suggestion, advice f. oporoka 8. quantity g. znanost 9. discovery h. snov 10. century i. raziskovanje 11. number j. količina 12. reward, prize k. tehtnica 13. department, division 1. učenjak 14. world m. nasvet 15. appliance, device n. osn£vna sola 16. matter, substance 0. oddelek 17. science, knowledge p. smrt 18. sample, pattern r. svet 19. scale s. vzorec 20. elementary school « s. predsednik 21. high school t. nagrada 22. university u. slava 23. president v. vseučilišče ali 24. univerza research z. kemija 25. native country v z. stoletje C. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleščino 1. Koliko zasluziš na teden? _ 2. Slovenski ameriški inštitut _ proučuje življenje, delo in _ uspehe Slovencev po vsem _ s vetu. _ 3- Človek se vse življenje _ izpopolnjuje. _ V tej lekciji smo vam pred- _ stavili znamenitega slovenske-_ ga zdravnika Friderika Pregla_._ 5. Kaj bi rad postal, ko boš _ zrasel? _ 6. Predsednik univerze bo _ podelil diplome ob koncu _ šolskega leta. _ 7. Slovenski arhitekti so _ zgradili mnogo slovitih _ zgradb v Evropi, Ameriki in _ drugod po svetu. _ 8. Otroci hitro rastejo. Ko _ bodo zrastli, bodo videli, _ kako lepo je bilo v mladosti._ 9. Janezek je rekel, da ne bo _ nikoli postal rektor univerze{_ postal pa bo morda vodja _ kemičnega laboratorija v _ tovarni. _ 10. Ce hočeš iti na Dunaj, moraš _ pustiti trebuh zunaj. _ 11. Tehtnica je zelo koristna _ naprava. _ 12. Ali imate pri vas hladilno _ napravo? _ 13. švedska je moderna država. _ 14. Moja mama poučuje na vil ji _ šoli, oce pa na univerzi. _ 15- Katero osnovno šolo si _ obiskoval? _ 16. Slovenija je naša domovina. _ 17. Težko je zapustiti domovino, _ toda tudi na tujem lahko _ ostanemo zavedni Slovenci. _ 18. Vedno bomo ohranili ljubezen _ do domovine. _ 19. Radi bi predstavili Slove- _ nijo tudi Ameriki in drugim _ državam. _ 20. Ce bomo vsi pomagali _ Slovenskemu ameriškemu _ inštitutu, bodo Slovenci _ zasloveli po vsem svetu! _ D. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. He is teaching organic _ chemistry. _ 2. Who discovered America? _ 3. I cannot reach this book. _ 4. This boy will become famous _ when he grows up. _ 5' This is unbelievable: _ 6. This research is very time _ c onsuming. _ 7. Grandfather wrote his last _ will and testament just _ before his death. _ 8. He left everything to his _ children and grandchildren. _ 9. Who received the first prize? _ 10. She is a very reliable girl. _ -295- I. GERUNDS — GLAGOLNIKI A. A gerund is a verbal noun which denotes a verbal action, for example, sewing, cleaning, singing, etc. The largest group of gerunds in Slovenian is formed by replacing the "ti" ending of the infinitive with "nje" or "tje." These verbal nouns are neuter in gender and are declined like regular neuter nouns. Please study the following examples« Profesor je imel zanimivo predavanje. Vsaka gospodinja ima veliko čiščenja in pranja. Kljub težkemu življenju je vedno vesel. V nasem stanovanju imamo centralno gret3e. The professor had an interesting lecture. Every housewife has a lot of cleaning and washing. He is always happy in spite of a difficult life. We have central heating in B. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 1516. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. _ _ _ . our apartment. Ali z gretjem lahko pozdravil Can you treat a kidney infection vnetje ledvic? with heating? Please read and study the following list of the more common verbal nouns ending in "nje" or "tje"i INFINITIVE balincati brati dihati drsati se gibati igrati kegljati kopati se kotalkati se likati maščevati se nadaljevati obnašati se odlikovati se odštevati premišljevati Pisati plavati potovati poučevati povišati prati praznovati GERUND balincanje branje dihanje drsanje umetno drsanje gibanje igranje igranje na odru kegljanje kopanje kotalkanje likanje maščevanje nadaljevanje obnašanje odlikovanje odštjevanje premi š1j evan j e pisaiije plavanje potovanje poučevanje povišanje povišanje place pranje praznovanje TRANSLATION bocci reading breathing, respiration skating figure skating mo vement, motion playing performing on the stage bowling bathing roller-skating ironing revenge, vengeance continuation behavior, conduct, manners distinction, honor subtraction meditation, reflection writing swimming traveling, trip teaching, instruction promotion, rise, increase pay increase washing celebration, observance TRANSLATION lecture effort recognition, admission, acknowledgment selling disappointment drawing, sketching pilgrimage sledding, coasting adding, addition skiing sleeping, sleep respect meeting, encounter residence, dwelling, apartment 38. šivati šivanje sewing 39* tekmovati tekmovanje competition, contest 40. upati upanje hope 41. veslati veslanje rowing, paddling 42. vprašati vprašanje question, inquiry 43. zanimati se zanimanje interest 44. zaupati zaupanje confidence, trust 45. zavarovati zavarovanje insurance experience, event heating, warming —^ — -----discovery, unveiling 49. Peti petje singing 50. šteti štetje counting census of the people inflammation, infection, irritation yelling, screaming The verbal nouns (gerunds) of the following infinitives are formed somewhat irregularly. Please study them carefully« INFINITIVE GERUND predavati prizadevati si priznati predavanje prizadevanje priznanje prodajati razočarati risati romati sankati se seštevati smučati se spati spoštovati srečati stanovati prodajanje razočaranje risanle romanje sankanje seštevanje smučanje spanje spoštovanje srečanje stanovanje šivati tekmovati upati veslati vprašati zanimati se zaupati zavarovati šivanje tekmovanje upanje veslanje vprašanje zanimanje zaupanje zavarovanje doživeti greti odkriti peti šteti vneti doživetje gretje odkritje petje štetje ljudsko štetje vnetje vpiti VPitje 53. čistiti 54. delati 55• deliti 56. dovoliti 57- govoriti 58. kolesariti 59. manjkati 60. meniti 61. misliti 62. množiti 63. nakupiti (kupovati) 64. navdušiti 65. odpustiti čiščenje dejanje delenje dovoljenje govorenje kolesarjenje pomanjkanje mnenje mišljenje množenje nakupovanje navdušenje odpuščanje cleaning deed dividing, division permission, license speaking, talking bicycling want, shortage, lack opinion, view opinion, view, way of thinking multiplication shopping enthusiasm forgiveness 66. potrpgti 67. presenetiti 68. razpoloviti veselo 69« razumeti (razumevati) 70. ssjnjati 71. taboriti 72. trpeti 73. učiti usmiliti se 75• veseliti se 76. vg.sti se 77» vpisati (vpisovati se) 78. zadostiti 79* zaslužiti 80. zaznamovati 81. znati 82. živati potrpljenje presenečenje razpoloženje razpoloženje razumevanje sanjanje, s^nje (pl.) taborenje trpljenje učenje usmiljenje veselje vedenje vpisovanje zadoš&gnje zasluŽenje znamenje zngnje življgnje patience, endurance surprise mood, humour high spirits understanding, insight dreaming, dream, dreams camping suffering 1earning, study mercy, compassion joy, pleasure, delight, gladness, joyfulness behavior, conduct registration, matriculation satisfaction merit sign, mark knowledge, learning life Masculine — Moški spol ljubcek — sweetheart ženin — bridegroom spomenik monument, memorial zemljepis — geography prirodopis — natural science predmet —— subject, topic, object k£nec -- end otok — island cirkus — circus posluh -- an ear for music red — order; grade ples — dance godec -- musician, fiddler pijanec drunkard plesalec — dancer log — grove sesalec za -- vacuum cleaner prah srednješolec —— high school student II. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Feminine — ženski spol ljubica nevesta zgodovina polgtna šola — teorija ~ priroda or narava novica nagrada ocgna dolina ledinica nadloga Neuter — Srednfi računstvo spričevalo redovgnje črkovanje rajanje poročno potovanje sglsko lato podjetje sweetheart bride history summer school theory nature news prize, reward school mark valley fallowed field trouble, worry i spol arithmetic report card grading spelling dancing in a circle honeymoon school year establishment, firm, enterprise Ad .i ec t i ve s — Pridevniki najljubši, najljubša, e preljub, preljuba, preljubo zadosten, zadostna, zadostno nezadosten, nezadostna, o važen, važna, važno najbolj važen, važna, važno pravi, prava, pravo vaški, vaška, vaško bla ž e n, biaž ena, bla ž eno nedolžen, nedolžna, nedolžno plemenit, plemenita, plemenito čuden, Sudna, čudno vljuden, vljudna, vljudno Verbs — Glagoli 1enari ti (1enarim) biti ponosen na (sem ...) se bolj potruditi (se bolj potrudim) se veseliti (se veselim) — delati kratek cas (delam ...) — miniti se solziti objeti bezati zaslediti poučevati pridirjati crkov^ti Other words oj le natančno pri jazno srčno ■- favorite, dearest — beloved, very dear -- satisfactory -- unsatisfactory ■- important -- the most important -- true, genuine, real -- of the village — blissful, happyi beatified — innocent — noble -- strange — polite, well-mannered to be lazy, to idle to be proud of to try harder (I am lazy) (I am ...) (I try ...) (mine) (solzim se) (objamem) (bezim) (zasledim) (poučujem) (pridirjam) (crkujem) Druge besede oh, ah, alas only, just exactly cheerfully heartily, warmly, cordially to rejoice, (I rejoice) to be glad, to look forward to to amuse, to entertain to go by, to pass to end, to cease to shed tears to embrace (I amuse) (it goes by) (I shed tears) (I embrace) to flee, to escape (I flee) to track, to detect (I track) to teach, to instruct (I teach) to come galloping come_...) to spell sicjer pa poslednjic nazaj zastonj spell) besides, moreover, however finally, at last back, backwards in vain, for nothing Everyday expressions — Vsakdan.ii izrazi Kako to? To ni moja krivda / * ™ i \ "**■ Imaš (imate) prav. Nimam posluha. Sem ponosen (ponosna) na to To mi ni vsec. To ni važno. Kakšno doživetje! Ni pravega veselja. — How come? — This isn't my fault. — You're right. — I don't have an ear for music. — I am proud of this. — I don't like this. — This is not important. — What an experience! — There is no true joy. -299- Bolj se moram potruditi. Imej (imejte) zaupanje vase! — I have to '-ry harder. — Have confidence in yourself! III. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Write the gerunds of the following: infinitives and translate — Napiši glagolnike sledečim nedolocnikom in prevedi Infinitive Gerund Translation 1. pisati pisan.ie_ writing_ 2. upati _ _ 3* vprašati _ _ 4. povišati _ _ 5. spati _ _ 6. znati _ _ 7. brati _ _ 8. drsati _ _ 9 • peti _ _ 10. prati _ _ 11. priznati _ _ 12. spoštovati _ _ 13. plavati _ _ 14. vpiti _ _ 15 • greti _ _ 16. zanimati se _ _ 17. igrati _ _ 18. likati _ _ 19. prizadevati si___ 20. tekmovati _ _ 21. kopati _ _ 22. romati _ _ 23. risati _ _ 24. praznovati _ _ 25. nakupovati _ _ 26. razočarati _ _ 27. smučati se _ _ 28. doživeti _ _ 29. srečati _ _ -300- Infinitive 30. potovati 31. delati 32. zaznamovati 33. odpustiti 34. usmiliti se 35. vesti se 36. veseliti se 37. Šivati 38. manjkati 39. meniti se 40. misliti 41. presenetiti 42. dovoliti 43. živeti 44. trpeti potrpeti 46. čistiti taboriti 48. učiti se 49. govoriti 50. zaslužiti 51. deliti 52. razpoloviti 53. sanjati 54. presenetiti 55. navdušiti 56. poučevati 57. množiti 58. vpisati se 59. odkriti 60. črkovati B. Choose the correct word — Izberi pravo besedo 1. question a. dihanje 2. writing b. znanje 3. life c. dejanje 4. registration * C. pot o van je 5. ironing d. doživetje 6. hope e. stanovanje 7. joy, happiness f. romanje 8. singing e. pisanje 9. opinion, view h. tekmovanje 10. deed i. vedenje 11. confidence, trust j. priznanje 12. skating k. likanje 13. lecture 1. veselje 14. respect m. upanje 15. interest n. petje 16. knowledge 0. vprašanje 17. experience D. presenečenje 18. trip r. življenje 19. recognition s. mnenje 20. surprise * s. predavanje 21. dwelling, apartment t. drsanje 22. contest u. zanimanje 23. behavior v. spoštovanje 24. pilgrimage z. zaupanje 25. breathing * z. vpisovanje • * * 1. reading a. smučanje 2. studying b. zemljepis 3. teaching c. dovoljenje 4. drawing, art • C . prizadevanje 5. skiing d. računstvo 6. sleeping e. učenje 7. dreams f. prirodopis 8. washing e. predavanje 9. permission h. spanje 10. school mark, grade i. seštevanje 11. geography j. dolina 12. history k. branje 13. study of nature 1. nevesta 14. effort m. šivanje 15- lecture n. spričevalo 16. addition 0. log 17. subtraction p. poučevanje 18. arithmetic r. ocena, red 19. bride s. sanje 20. sweetheart • s. odštevanje 21. valley t. zgodovina 22. grove u. risanje 23. subject, topic v. pranje 24. report card z. ljubcek 25. sewing ♦ z. predmet c' Read, encircle all the gerunds and translate the following sentences — Beri, obkroži vse glagolnike in prevedi sledeSe stavke 1. Imej zaupanje v zdravnika! 2. Moj brat je srednješolec i____ vedno dobi odlično spričevalo._ 3' Jutri bo tekmovanje v _ plavan j u. ___________ 4. Smučanje je lep, ampak drag______ šport. __ 5. Plavanje je moj najljubši ____ šport. ____ 6. 2enin in nevesta sta šla na poročno potovanje na _ havajske otoke. _ 7- Težko je čistiti stanovanje _ brez sesalnika za prah. _ 8. Tonček ima najraje prirodo- _ pis. 9. Tomaž je dobil odlikovanje za njegovo plemenito dejanje. 10. Vprašati moraš starše za dovoljenje. 11. V vsakem življenju je veliko razočaranj. 12. Profesor je imel odlično predavanje o novih odkritjih v kemiji. 13* Imamo udobno stanovanje s centralnim gretjem. 14. Oce je dobil povišanje v službi. 15. Brez učenja in prizadevanja ni uspeha. 16. Povej mi še svg.je mnenje. 17- V nedeljo bo odkritje spomenika. 18. Starši imajo veliko potrpljenja z otroci. 19* Vpisovanje za otrjaški vrtec bo aprila. 20. Kdo je ze šel na romanje v Lurd? 21. Janezek je zelo dober v računstvu, ampak ne v branju. 22. Na pikniku je bilo veselo razpoloženje. 23. Drugo leto bo v Ameriki zopet ljudsko štetje. 24. V katerem razredu poučujejo množenje in delenje? 25. Mojca in Tanja sta zelo dobri v seštevanju in odštevanju. D. 1. 2. 35. Complete the sentences and translate — Dopolni stavke in prevedi Ali imaš _, da greš lahko z nami? (permission) Kdaj bo _ Kakšno je tvoje Nimam veliko _ pozdravil(a). je zelo zdrav šport. _ za prvi razred? _ ? da se bom (Swimming) (registration) (opinion) (hope) 6. Božični prazniki prinesejo otrokom veliko 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12, 1314. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. To je zelo težko Kdo je imel _ Ni brez Julka (Julie) je zelo dobra v umetnem Marjanca je odlična v Brez ne moreš biti dober ucenec. Delavci bodo dobili __place. Nobeden ne posluša rad je njen najljubši predmet. Na svetu je veliko hrane in energije. mu dela težave. _ je ključ v , Lepo _ Ali ste imeli lepo _ Najboljši študent je dobil za njegovo _ Vsak človek ima veliko v svojem _ Tukaj je _ prepovedano. Irenca (Irene) je zelo dobra v Tonetovo (Tony's) _ vredno je 25. To je plemenito (joy) (question) (lecture) (life, suffering) (skating) (reading) (studying) ( increase) (screaming) (Spelling) (shortage) (Breathing) (behavior, life) _? (trip) _ (recognition) (knowledge) (disappointments) (life) (camping) (drawing) (effort) (recognition) (deed) 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. E. Ne razumem tega _ Njen oče ima kemično Naše ___ je premajhno za pet ljudi. je potrebno za To je novo politično Naš oče ima veliko in z nami. Vsako leto imamo pri nas spomladansko On nima nič _ za šport. To je samo moje _. Nisem še dobil _. (question) (establishment) (apartment) (Hope) (life) (movement) (patience) (understanding) (cleaning) (interest) (opinion) (permission) Translate the following sentences into Slovenian — Prevedi sledeče stavke v slovenscino 1. Swimming is my favorite sport.. 2. What an experience! 3. Did you get a good report card? 4. The lecture will be at eight o'clock in the evening. 5. Our apartment is small. 6. What is your opinion? 7. I have no patience. 8. We went on a short trip. 9. I have no interest in skiing. 10. I have a surprise for you. 11. What is your favorite subject? 12. How many questions will there _ be on the test? 13. This is a good sign. _________ 14. Have confidence in yourself!_ 15. Our trip to Slovenia was a______ very happy experience. ______ IV. READING — BERILO Petrovo spričevalo Junij je zopet tu in z njim tudi konec šolskega leta. tJČenci so dobili spričevala. Nekateri so jih bili zelo veseli, posebno tisti, ki so se med šolskim letom pridno ucili. Zanje bodo počitnice čas veselja, igranja in kopanja. Za tiste pa, ki so med šolskim letom lenarili in so dobili slabe ocene, ne bo počitnic. Morali bodo hoditi v poletno šolo. Tudi Peter je dobil spričevalo. Zelo je bil ponosen nanj. Skoraj same odlične ocene: vedenje, odlično; prizadevanje, odlično; branje, odlično; pisanje, odlično; računstvo, odlično; zgodovina, odlično; zemljepis, prav dobro; prirodopis, odlično; petje, dobro; risanje, prav dobro; telovadba, odlično. "Kako to, da imaš v petju samo dobro?" ga vpraša mama. "Nimam posluha," je odgovoril Peter "in to ni moja krivda." "Čeprav nimaš posluha, teorijo bi se pa lahko naučil za odlično oceno," ga je kregala mama. "Imaš prav. Drugo leto se bom moral bolj potruditi. Sicer nam je pa gospa učiteljica povedala, da drugo leto ne bomo več dobili takih spričeval." "Kako to?" vpraša mama. "Ocene bodo samo zadostne ali pa nezadostne. Ti ne veš, kako so bili učenci veseli te novice." "Meni pa to ni všeč. Hočem natančno vedeti, kako ti gre učenje. Dobri učenci pa tudi radi dobijo priznanje za svoje znanje." "Ampak, mama, saj se ne učim za ocene. Važno je, da se učim zato, da bom kaj znal!" "Prav imaš, Peter. To je najbolj važno." Takoj ko je prišel oČe domov, mu je Peter pokazal svoje spričevalo. Tudi oce ga je bil zelo vesel. Obljubil je Petru, da ga bo za nagrado v soboto peljal v cirkus. Read and translate the reading — Beri in prevedi berilo w Answer theL following questions — Odgovori na sledeča vprašanja 1. Kaj so dobili ucenci ob koncu __ šolskega leta? _ 2. Zakaj se pridni ucenci vese- _ lijo pocitnic? _ 3. Kaj bodo delali leni ucenci _ med počitnicami? _ 4. Kakšno spričevalo je dobil _ Peter? _ 5. Kakšno oceno je dobil v branju?_____ 6. Kakšno oceno je dobil v petju?_ 7. Zakaj je Peter dobil v petju _ samo "dobro"? _ 8. Kaj je rekla mama zaradi _ Petrove ocene v petju? _ 9. Kaj ji je odgovoril Peter? _ 10. Kakšne ocene bodo na _ spričevalu drugo leto? _ 11. Zak^j mami ni vsec nov _ sistem redovanja? _ 12. Zakaj se je treba učiti? _ 13. Ali je bil oce vesel _ Petrovega spričevala? _ 14. Kam bo oce peljal Petra za _ nagrado? _ 15. Kakšne ocene dobiš ti na _ spričevalu? _ Preljubo vesel.ie Anton Martin Slomšek Preljubo ves&Lje, oj kje si doma? Povg.j7 kje stanuješ, moj Ijjibček srca? Po hr£bih, dolinah za tabo hitim, te videti hočem, objgti Selim* Te iščem za mizo, kjer dobro jedo, na plesu, pri godcih, kjer sladko pojo, al* prav*ga veselja na rajanju ni, pijancem, plesalcem veselje beži* Te iščem po polju, kjer rož'ce cveto, po lflgu zelenem, kjer ptičke pojol Pa ptičke vesele in rožice vse le imajo vesglje za mlado srca* Poslgdnjic vesglje Šele zasledim, na vaško ledin*co pridirjam za njim. Glej, tam se z otroci prijazno igra* jim kratek čas dela, pri njih je doma« Oj blatena leta nedolžnih otrok! Vi imate veselje brez težkih nadlgg. Oh, kak£ vas~~s£Čno nazaT si želim, al' ve ste minila, zastonj se solzim. I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — MoSki spol Sport tek počasni tek nogomet "basebal" ribolov lov ~~ tenis namizni tenis pinipong golf minigolf hokej hokej na ledu šah sošolec tekač nogometaš ribi 5 lovec kegljač or balinar plavže or plavalec dirkač bgksar rokoborec bikoborec telovadec atlgt igralec planinec or hribolazec metalec diska -padalec ~ ribnik trnek Š£tor čoln pg.sek sprehod lopar padec rešilni pas bazgn zajec bik track — sport — running, — jogging — football — baseball — fishing — hunting — tennis — table tennis — ping-pong — golf — miniature golf — hockey — ice hockey — chess — classmate — runner — football player — fisherman — hunter — bowler — swimmer — racer — boxer — wrestler » bullfighter — gymnast — athlete — player — mountain climber disc thrower parachutist kozel duh lipicanec keglji skavt Vogel goat mind, spirit lipizzaneri a white horse from Lipica, Slovgnia bowling pins boy scout a mountain in Slovenia Feminine — genski spol odbojka rokob£rba košarka dirka konjska dirka telovadba bikoborba tekma" igra nogometna tekma -or igra " košarkarska tekraa- or igra ekipa to5ka mraza žoga Tmehka, trda) žggTca spenjača plaža skakalnica smučarska skakalnica gugalnica praksa pond fishing hook tent boat sand, gravel walk, stroll racket fall life jacket swimming pool rabbit bull dražba mesnica aktivnost apoteka or lekarna maža or mazilo (n.) opeklina opeklTna od sonca"" maŽa proti ogorelošti -310- ~ volleyball wrestling basketball race horse race gymnastics bullfight match, contest game, play football game basketball game team point, score net ball (soft, hard) small ball chair lift beach diving board ski jump swing experience, practice company butcher shop activity drug store, pharmacy ointment burn sunburn — sun tan ointment reka jadrnica ladja ribiška palica — puška kopalna obleka — or river sailing boat ship fishing rod rifle swimming suit, bathing suit — roller skates — ice skates — ski, skis — sled, sleds — classmate — player — sportswoman — gymnast — girl scout — ballet dancer — dancer — swimmer kopalke (pi, kotalke (pi. drsalke (pi. smuci (pi. s^nke (pi. or sani. sošolka igralka športkinja telovadkinja skavtinja baletka plesalka plavalka Neuter — Sredn.ii spol tekanje or — running tek (m.) jahanje or — horseback ježa (f.) riding veslanje — rowing taborenje — camping kolesarjenje — bicycling boksanje or — boxing boks (m.) kegljanje or — bowling balinanje plavanje sopeenje kopanje dviganje utežev— swimming sun bathing bathing weightlifting Adjectives —Pridevniki priljubljen, priljubljena, o prijeten, prijetna, prijetno fantovski, fantovska, o dekliški, dekliška, dekliško globok, globoka, globoko" plitev, plitva, plitvo miren, mirna, mirno prirecen, priročna, priročno opečen, opečena, opečeno zagorel, zagorela, zagorelo Other words — Druge besede osebno — personally tja — there smučanje or smuk (m.) smučanje na vedi drsanje umetno drsanje -kotalkanje streljanje metanje diska planinstvo padalstvo smučišče drsališče igrišče dirkališče kopališče morsko kopaliŠce- pristanišce letališče pokopališče jezero mer je geslo veslo poročilo padalo število točk m£Štvo or ekipa (f.) tekmovanje balincanje or balinca (f.) dirkanje — skiing water skiing skating figure skating roller skating shooting disc throwing mountain climbing parachuting ski track, ski field skating ring playground race course bathing area seaside resort harbor, port airport cemetary lake ocean, sea slogan oar report parachute number of points, score team competition, contest bocci — racing — well liked, popular, favorite — pleasant, pleasing, agreeable — boys's, boys', for the boys — girl's, girls', for the girls — deep, profound — shallow, superficial — quiet, peaceful — handy — burnt — sunburnt, tanned spotoma ko~ -311- — on the way — when, as, since povs£d na drugi strani — okrog vogala še to z^mo vsaj joj do pas£ gden najboljših — Verbs — Glagoli zmrzniti utoniti uj£ti vrači zmočiti zagoreti sončiti se zmagati opisati ribariti pasti izvažati dajati v najem gojiti šport" zasledovati iti na lov balijicati kegljati ustreliti ustreliti kozla vzeti S£Ci skočiti razjeziti se prevrniti lepo se imeti vaditi drsati se kotalkati se legati leči or ul^či se everywhere on the other side around the comer this very winter at least alas, oh up to the waist one of the best (zmrznem) (utonem) (ujamem) (vrlem) (zmc>čim) (zagorim) (senčim se) (zmagam) (opašem) (ribarim) (padem) (izvažam) (dajem v ...) (gojim šport) (zasledujem) drugače vse ostalo zadnjič največkrat t£da seveda kar kdor za vsak slučaj lani ~ ■ otherwise all the rest, everything else last time most often however of course, certainly just whoever just in case last year (I freeze) (I drown) (I catch) (I throw) (I get wet) (I get ...) to freeze to drown to catch to throw to get wet to get a suntan to bask in the sun (I bask •••) to win (I win) to describe (I describe) to fish (I fish) to fall (I fall) to export (I export) to rent (I rent) to engage in sports(l engage ...) to pursue, to follow to go hunting to play bocci to bowl to shoot (ustrelim ...)— to make a big mistake, to "goof, to shoot a goat to take to reach, to extend to jump (grem na lov) (balincam) (kegljam) (ustrelim) (vzamem) (se z em) (skočim) (razjezim se) — to get*angry (prevjjiem) — to turn over, to capsize (lepa se imgm) - to have a good time (I ...) firn<44w>\ J______-L. i____/t_____Li (I pursue) (I go ... ) (I play ..,) (I bowl) (I shoot) (I ...) ' literallyi (I take) (I reach) (I jump) (I get angry) (I turn over) (vadim) (d£sam se) — to skate (kotalkam se) — to roller skate (ležim) — to lie (l£|em or — to lie down uležem se) (sem se ulggel) to practice, (I practice) to exercise, to train, to drill (I skate) (I roller skate) (I lie) (I lie down) (I lay down) EvpijVdav.expressions -- Vsakdan.ii izrazi Ni5 ne de. Kakor se vzame. To je vse. Ne bo ti (vam) Žal! Nikamor ne predem. Kar korajžo! Prav rad (rada)! Kar me^ni prepusti! Mgne je strah. Ori Strah me je. K£$a me p£Če. Nimam nic prakse. Lepo si zagorel (zagorela). Ope£gn sem od-sonca. Sem zadovoljen (zadovoljna). V rgdu. Komaj čakam. Voda ni ne premrzla in ne prevrta. R^vno prav (prava) je. Na tej s trapi, bazena je vgda plitva, na drjjgi strani pa globoka. Vzemi (vzemite) list papirja! V£Ži (vrzite) togo sem! Ulgzi se! Ulgzite se! SkfiSi (skočite) noter! Mene osebno veselj ... £li si (ste) 5e kdaj ...? It doesn't matter. It depends. This is all. You won*t be sorry! I don't get anywhere. Take heart! Don't give up! I would like it very much» gladly Just leave it up to me! I am scared. My skin burns. I have no experience. You have a beautiful tan. I have a sunburn. I am satisfied. All right. I can hardly wait. The water is neither too cold nor too hot. It's just right. The water is shallow on this side of the pool, on the other side it is deep. Take a piece of paper! Throw the ball here! Lie down! Jump in! Personally, I am interested in ... Did you ever ...? II. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Translate the following verb forms — Prevedi sledeče glagolne oblike je utonil bgmo zmagali jaz bi vzel on bo opisal je skočila veslajo je ustrelil so se drsali izvajajo se je ulggla v£Že§ si zagorel bcjdo tekmovali boš padel nisem vadil sem se razjezil se kotalkajo se djrsamo smo tekli on le£i zasledujem boš vzel B. Translate the following words — Prevedi sledeže besede __Z______lake _ D _______volleyball ____ R ____basketball ___ A game ____V______gymnastics D ____ ____skating __U____skis H __ ____hockey ___V____boy scouts ____ Z____________table tennis D________race R ____________fishing «. A _ chess __ V hunting _____E _ football _ _ _ M _ match, contest T ____track, running E L E sea, ocean swimming camping ___S _______boxing __U__________skiing C. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleščino 1. Odbojka je priljubljena _ fantovska in dekliška igra. _ 2. Ali si Se kdaj igrgl ___ minigolf? _ 3. Moj £Če zelo rad igra šah. ___________ Katgra ekipa je zmagala? _ 5* Na igriSSu so nove gugalnice. 6. V Planici je svetovno znana smučarska skakalnica. 7« Jgnez je zel£ d£ber plavalec in tek&£. 8. Gosp£d Hrastnik zelg. rad ribari. Poleti gresta s sinom vsako soboto lovit ribe. 9. Ce hoSeS biti dober Športnik, mgraš veliko vaditi. 10. Drsanje je prijeten Sport. 11. Vsako sr^do se grem kotalkat s sošolci. 12. Vsako poletje gremo taborit v planine. 13« Sonja je zel£ dgbra v umetnem drsanju. 14. Na taborenju spimo v Šot£rih. 15. Rjidi in Peter zelo rada igrata tenis s njuni sestrici Rizika (Theresa) in Vikica (Vicky) pa igrata pingpong. 16. Mene osebno zelo veseli umetno drsanje. Moj brat pa je navdgšen za kolesarjenje in planinstvo. 17. Imjjm dva bratranca, ki se hodita vsak vikend smrčat ali d£sat. 18. Stari oSe pa hodi sam£ na spreh£d, Seprav je bil v mlad£sti navdušen hribolazec. 19* Včasih gre skjipaj z vnyki gledat t£di nogometno ali košarkarsko tekmo. 20. Grggor, Tomaž in Matg,j so Bošolci* 21. Jahanje je Tonetov najljubši šport* 22. Skavti b£do šli taborit za tri tedne. 23« Ne smeš se samo senčiti, m£raš tudi plavati. 24. Kdor se preveč sonči in nič ne plava, je hitro opečen; takrat ga peče k£Ža. 25* Eddie Simms, ki se je prej p^sal Simončič, je bil eden najboljših boksarjev v Ameriki. 26. V Slovaki j i imajno rokoborce, v Španiji pa bikoborce. 27. Moj stric Sime (Simon) zel£ rad h£di na lov* 28. Zadnjič, ko je ustrelil zajca, sem ga vprašal v katgri mesnici ga je kupil; Btric se je razjezil in tak£j sem videl, da sem ustrelil k£zla* 29. Marko Debevc je zel£ d£ber metalec diska in odličen nogometaš* 30. Ko je bil moj £Če še mlad, je rad h£dil v planine, zdaj pa se raje v£zi s spenjačo. 31. Mgne pa je na spenj&či _______________ vedno strah* , 32. Ali zasledujete Spgrtne ^gre______ in poročala na televiziji? _______________ 33. Ernie in Ray Adamič sta _ odlična slovanska ameriška ____________ avtomobilska dirkača. 34. Milica (Emily) in Mojca _ (Maria) bi zelo radi jahali _ konja, posebno še belega __ slovenskega lipicanca. _ 35. Tanjo pa najbolj veseli, ______________ umetno drsanje. __ 36. Gregor tgče vsako jjitro _______________ pet milj. Je zel£> d£ber _ tekač. _ 37. Ce ne znaš plavati, ne h£di ________________ v globgko vodo. ________________ 38. Vzemimo čoln in pojdimo ., . veslat! ._ 39« Ob lepem vremgnu je na _ jezeru veliko čolnov, .. , jadrnic in ladij. ________________ 40. ©10 najlepših ggsel jet , . "Zdrav duh v zdravem telesu!" D. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. The lake freezes in the _ winter. ___________ 2. Jerry (Jgrica) is a good _______________ dancer. .. 3. Agnes (NeJa) likes to bask _______________ in the sun. _ 4. She has a beautiful tan. _ 5. Jump in! ________________ -317- 6. Take your skates and go skating with us! 7. We went to a football game on Friday evening. 8. Would you like to play volleyball with us? 9. Throw the ball to me! 10. The hunter shot a rabbit. 11. Christine (Kristana) is a very good swimmer. 12. Will you teach me how to ski? 13. The water is shallow on this side of the pool. 14. Julie (Julka) and Polly (Polonca) are classmates. 15. Alex (Al^S) likes boxing and wrestling, 16. Personally, I am interested in bicycling. 17. I can hardly wait. 18. I am scared. 19. It doesn't matter. 20. My skin burns. 21. I have a sunburn. 22. He has no experience. 23. Just leave it up to me! 24. Did you ever row a boat? 25. You won't be sorry! 26. Lucy (Lučka) is an excellent ballet dancer, 27. Cecilia (Cilka) is a very good gymnast. 28. Swimming is a healthy sport. 29. Wrestling and boxing are sports for boys. 30. My imele Joe (Jo£e) is an _______— excellent fisherman. Last ____„_____-____ time he cought ten fish. ____________- - 31. We go roller skating every__- Wednesday with our class-____________ mates. ____________———————. 32. The water is just right. ---.--- It*s neither too hot nor _________ too cold. ____________________—---- 33. Is the water deep? -___ 34. No, it only comes to my ._. _ _____ waist. ________________________ 35- This is all. ■■ ____ E. Take a sheet of paper and describe your sport activities — Vzemi list papir.ia in opiši svo.ie Športne aktivnosti III. READINGS — BERILA Na plaži Tako vroče je duties S Kako rad bi Sel plavat! Jaz tudi. Ali je plaža kje blizu? Da, čisto blizu je. Tudi lep nov bazen je pri hotalu! Pojdiva raje na plažo. Tam se še lahko sončiva v pasku. Prav prijatno bo. Toda kopalk nimam s seboj. NiČ ne de. Spartna trgovjjia je samo okrag vogala. Spotoma jih lahko kupiva. Tudi jaz bi si rad kjipil sončna očala in mazilo prati ogorelosti. * * * Kakšna je voda? Prav prijetna je. Ni ne prevroča in ne premrzla. Kar hitro skači noter! Bojim se. Voda je pregloboka zame. Saj veš, da ne znam plavati. Poglej, kaka je tu plitva. Mani še do pasa ne saže. Ne boš utanil! Plavanje je zelo zdrav šport. Plavati Janez t Tane t Janez 1 Tone i Janezi Tone i Jgnez1 Tane i Janezi Tane 1 Janezi Tone* Jgnezi Tgnet Janezi Tone i Janez i T^net Janezi T^nei se moraS naučiti! Ne bo ti Sal! Saj sem že večkrat poskusil, pa nikamor ne pridem. Prevgč se bojim vode, to je vse. Kar hitro v vodo, da si boS vsaj kopalke zmočil! Jo j, saj je res prijgtno! M&Lo bom v vodi, potem se grem pa sončit. Rad bi zagorel. * * • Ce bo jjitri ie taka toplo, bi Sel z m§no veslat? Jezero je tako mirno in lepo. Prav rad. Kje b^va pa dobila čoln in vesla? Na drygi strani plaže jih dajejo v najgm. j&pipak, veS kaj — nič prakse nimam v veBlapju. 2e nikoli nisem veslgl. Ne vem, kako bo Slo. Veslanje kar meni prepusti! Sama družbo bi rad. Zate, ko ne znaS plavati, bova pa vzela Se reSilni pas, za vsak slučaj. Če se čoln prevrne. V rgdu. Upam, da boS jutri dabro veslal in da ne padeva v vado. Joj, poglaj, kaka si opeČan od sanca! Saj res* Izglada, da maža prati ogorelosti ni nič pomagala. Pojdiva v apoteko! Bo treba nekaj kupiti prati opeklinam. V .... Read and translate the reading and answer the following questions Beri in prevedi berilo in odgovori na sledeča vpraSan.ia 1. Kakšno je vr^me? 2. Kje je pl^Sa? 3. Kje je bazen? 4. Zakaj sta šla Janez in Tjyie raje na pla^o? 5. Kaj bosta kupila v Športni trgovini? 6. Kakšna je voda? 7. Kdo ne zna plavati? 8. Do kam saše voda? 9. Kakšno je jezero? 10. Kdo nima nič prakse v veslanju? 11. Kje bgsta Tone in Janez dobila čoln in yasla? 12. Kaj rabi Janez, ko ne zna plavati? 13. Kdo je zelo opečan od sgnca? 14. Kaj bo traba kupiti v apotaki? 15. Ali ti znaš plavati? 16. Kdaj si se naučil plavati? 17. ^li si Se kdaj veslal? 18. Ali se hodiš poleti kopat? Kam? Smučan.ie in drBan.ie Jgžei Komaj čgkam zime! Francet Zakaj pa? JoSei Zat£, da se bom spet lahko smrčal, ^li ne veš, da je smučanje moj najljubši Šport? -321- Ali imaš svoje smuči? Seveda« Lani sem jih kjjpil pri Elanu. To slovensko podjetje izvaža smjiči po vsem svetu. Zelo sem zadovoljen z njimi! Kam se pa hodiš smučat? 0, povsod kjer je dovolj snega. Saj je v Sloveniji toliko dobrih smučišč! Najraje pa grem na Vogel. Tudi spenja^e so tam zelo. prirgČne. Ampak smučanje je drag šport, ali ne? Kakor se vzame. Ce imaš svoje sm^či, čevlje in vse ostalo, še kar gre, drugače je pa res drago. Jaz se pa ne znam smrčati. Zelo rad pa se drsam na ledu. Irngm nove drsalke. Kam pa se h£diš drsat? Blizu naše hiše je lepo novo drsališče. Največkrat grem tja. Kadar pa zmrzne sosedov ribnik, se pa tudi tam d£samo. Ti boš moral mene naučiti drsati, jaz pa tgbe smučati. Oba športa sta zelg, prijetna, ne? Prav imaš! Se to zimo morava to storiti. Jaz si bom kupil smuči, ti pa drsalke. Lepo se bova imela! Bead and translate the reading and answer the following questions Beri in prevedi berilo in odgovori na sledeča vprašan .i a - 1. Zakaj Jože komaj Čaka zime? 2. Ali ima J&že svoje smuči?______ 3. Kje jih je kupil? 4. Kaj izvaža slovensko ________ podjetje "Elan" po vsem ____ svetu? 5. Kam se gre Jože najraje ______ smučat? 6. j^li je smrčanje drag šport? _ 7. Ali se France zna smučati? France* Jože t France, i Jože t France* JoŽe t France« Jože t France* Jože i France i 8. Kakšen šport goji. France pozimi? 9. Kje je lepo novo drsališče? 10. Kje se tjidi večkrat drsajo? 11. Kaj je rekel Jože Francetu? 12. Ali ti gojiš kakšen zimski šport? 13* Ali se znaš smučati? 14. Ali se znaš drsati na ledu? 15. Ali se znaš kot^lkati? 16. Katgri je tvoj najljubši šport? I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — MoSki spol Feminine — Ženski spol prvgk n^rod telovadec ljubljenec ljubitelj pon^s mladostnik mladenič konj krfigi (pl.) drog pokal tekmovalec gledalec slovgs vzor or zgled Stadij rodoljub značaj sedež nastop trud champion nation gymnast the favorite one, pet lover, admirer pride adolescent, teen-ager young man, lad, youngster horse rings, circles horizontal bar, pole, rod challenge-cup, goblet competitor, rival spectator renown, reputation model, ideal, example study, studies patriot character seat appearance effort, endeavor Japonska Mehika Belgija država vzgaja telesna vzgoja — kolajna, medalja— zmaga bradlja revija resnica volja tekma olimpijske igre — nasl£vna stran — vestnost prvakinja Japan Mexico Belgium state education, upbringing physical education medal victory, triumph parallel bars magazine, periodical truth will contest, match Olympic games front (first) page, cover conscientiousness champion Neuter — Sredn.ii spol pravo prvenstvo srečanje tekmovanje masto Adjectives — Pridevniki svetovni, svetovna, svetovno državni, državna, državno mednarodni, mednarodna, o eleganten, elegantna, elegantno — vrhunski, vrhynska, vrhjjnsko blesteč, blestgča, blesteče bronast, bronasta, br&nasto zlat, zlata, zlato sreb£n, srebrna, srebrno podoben, podobna, podobno neprekosljiv, neprekosljiva, o — law championship meeting, encounter competition, contest place, position; city, town of the world, world's of the state, national international elegant, stylish top, supreme, chief brilliant, shining bronze gold silver similar unequalled, matchless, unsurpassible družinski, družinska, družinsko jeklgn, jeklenaT jeklgno skromen, skromna, skromno prelep, prelepa, prelepo najvišji, najvišja, najvišje eden (gna, enoj najbolj5ih zasgden, zasedena, zasgdeno Verbs — Glagoli ponašati se blesteti trenirati osvojiti slediti zasgsti vrstiti se predstaviti občudovati tekmovati priboriti si of the family made of steel modest, unpretentious splendid, magnificent, most beautiful the highest one of the best occupied (ponašam se) — (blestim) (treniram) (osvojim) (sledim) (zasg.dem) (vrstim se) (predstavim) — (I boast) to boast, to take pride in to shine, to glitter to train, to coach, to practice to capture, (I capture) to make one's own (I follow) (I shine) (I train) to conquer, to follow, to succeed to occupy to take turns, to alternate to present, to introduce to to admire to compete (I occupy) (I take ...) (I present) (občudujem) (tekmujem) (priborim si) — to obtain by great effort*(I...) (I admire) (I compete) Other words — Druge besedq marsikdaj mnpgokrat kot čeprav vgndar med temi ••• posgbno pozneje p&leg pridno ponovno to pot Še več kjer seveda leto pozneje iz številnih držav iz vsega sveta najbrž veliko se lahko naredi many a time, many times often, frequently, many times as, like although, even though nevertheless among these ... especially later on in addition to, next to diligently repeatedly, time and again this time even more where of course, certainly a year later from numerous (many) states from all over the world probably, most likely a lot can be done (accomplished) II. READING — BERILO Slovenec Miro Cerar svetovni prvak na konjy Čeprav smo Slovenci po Številu majhen narod, se vendar ponašamo z lgpim Številom svetovnih prvakov. Med temi prvaki še posgbno blesti Slovenca Mirka ali Mirota C^rarja, enega najboljših telovadcev v Evropi in na vsem svatu. Rodil se je 28. oktobra 1939. v Ljubljani, kjer je pozneje študiral pravo in telasno vzgojo. Poleg Štjidija pa je zelo pridno treniral. Kot eleganten vrhynski telovadec je postal ljubljenec ljubiteljev telovadbe in ponos vseh Slovencev. Ze kot mladostnik je med lati 1955 in 1958 osvojil več kot desgt jugoslovanskih državnih prvenstev. In potem so sledili blesteči uspghi na mednarodnih in svetovnih srečanjih. Kot devetnajstletni mladenič je leta 1958. na svetovnem tekmovanju v Moskvi osvojil bronasto kolajno na konju. Leta 1961. je postal evropski telovadni prvak, saj si je v tekmi z najboljšimi evropskimi telovadci iz Številnih držav priboril kar tri zlate kolajne — na konju, bradlji in krogih. Lato poznaje je na svetovnem prvenstvu v Pragi dobil kar dve zlati kolajni — na k^nju in na bradlji. I&ta 1963. je ponovno osvojil evropski pokal — to pot na tekmovanju za evropsko prvenstvo v Baogradu. Leta 1964. je Cerar na Olimpijskih igrah v Tokiju dobil med najboljšimi tekmovalci iz vsega sveta zlato kolajno na konju in bronasto na drogu, na bradlji pa je zasedel šesto mesto. Leta 1965, je spet postal evropski prvak na tekmah v Antwgrpnu v Belgiji, z zlato medaljo na bradlji, sreb£no na konju in bronasto na dr^gu. Podtjbne zmage so se vrstile t^di na tekmovali jih v Londonu, Sofiji, Pr^gi, Helsinkih, Budimpešti, Kairu, Aleksandriji, Amsterdamu in Stockholmu, kjer si je v t^kmi vrhniških telovadcev Cerar vadno priboril najvišje število točk in z njim p£yo mas to. In leta 1968. je na Olimpijskih igrah v Mahiki Slovenec Carar spet pokazal, da je neprekosljiv na k^nju, kjer je ponovno osvojil zlato medaljo. Sevada so o tem slovenskem telovadcu pisali časopisi in športne revije po vsem svetu, marsikdaj na naslovni streli. Gymnast Miro Cerar, from Ljubljana, Slovenia* Europe's Champion in 1961, 1962, and 1965. and winner of gold medals at the Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan (1964) and Mexico City (1968). Mnogokrat ga je milijonom gledalcev predstavila tudi televizija. Dne 6. m^rca 1972. smo ga občudovali tudi na ameriškem televizijskem programu "Champions". Slovenec Cerar je v resnici "champion" — prvak med prvaki! Je pa ta telovadec svetovnega slovesa Se veči je dober družinski mož in £Če, vzor vestnosti pri Stadiju in delu in slovanski rodoljub jeklene V£lje in lepega, skromnega značaja, ki nam je vsem v prelep zgled. Head and translate the reading — Beri in prevedi berilo Answer the following questions -- Odgovori na sledeča vpraSan.ia 1. Kdaj in kje se je rodil ___________________ Miro Cerar? __^ 2. Kdo je Miro Cerar? ____ 3. Kaj je Miro Cerar Študiral? 4. Kakšne uspehe je Cerar 2e imel kot mladostnik? 5» Kaj je Carar dobil na svetovnem tekmovanju v Mo.skvi kot devetnajstletni mladenič?, 6. Kdaj je Cerar postal evropski telovadni prvak? 7. Kje in kdaj je dobil dve zlati kolajni za svoj nastop na kgnju in bradlji? 8. Kakšne uspehe je imel Cerar na Olimpijskih igrah v Tokiju leta 1964? 9. Kakšno medaljo je Cgrar dobil na Olimpijskih igrah v Mahiki lata 1968. in kaj je . s tem pokazal? 10. Kdaj je bil Cgrar na ameriSki televiziji? 11. Ali je Cerar Se kaj veČ kot telovadec svetovnega slovgsa? 12. V Sem nam je Carar lahko v prelep zgled? III. EXERCISES -- VAJE A. Choose the correct word — Izberi pravo besedo 1. champion a. ponos 2. admirer, lover b. bradlja 3. the favorite one c. vzor or zgled 4. rings 5. mladenič 5. horizontal bar d. kolajna or medalja 6. parallel bars e. pravo 7. spectator f. prvenstvo 8. model, ideal g. ljubljenec 9. character h. rodoljub 10. victory, triumph i. srečanje 11. medal j. vzgoja 12. pride k. mladostnik 13. lad, young man 1. tekmovanje 14. renown, reputation m. sloves 15. education n. prvak 16. challenge-cup o. revija 17. meeting, encounter - . P. narod 18. periodical, magazine r. drog 19. truth s. zmaga 20. nation • s. ljubitelj 21. law t. resnica 22. championship u. pokal 23. patriot V. krogi 24. competition z. značaj • CM adolescent, * z. gledalec teen-ager -329- B. Choose the correct word — Izberi pravo besedo 1. top, supreme a. seveda 2. brilliant, shining b. vendar 3. modest, unpretentious c. zlat 4. especially C. državni 5. although d. to pot 6. nevertheless e. neprekosljiv 7. many a time f. p ošabno 8. later on g. svetovni 9. most likely h. med temi 10. national i. se več 11. international .i. srebrn 12. world1s k. jeklen 13. repeatedly 1. družinski 14. this time m. prelap 15. of course n. mednarodni 16. unequalled 0. čeprav 17. steel (adj.) p. vrhijnski 18. most beautiful r. najbrž 19. among these s. pridno 20. family (adj.) S. skromen 21. gold t. bronast 22. silver u. blesteč 23. bronze v. marsikdaj 24. diligently z. ponovno 25. even more » z. pozneje C. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleSčino 1. Moj bratranec Tone Študira _ mednarodno pravo. ____________ 2. Ti sedeži so zasedeni. i 3. Na drogu in bradlji lahko _ telovadijo fantje in deklata,_ 4. Slovanski prvaki in prvakinje_ so ponos naSega naroda. _ 5. Marko bi rad postal učitelj telesne vzgoje, čeprav ni prvak v telovadbi. 6. Mnogo je telovadcev, a malo prvakov. 7. Djgbri ljudjg, občudujejo uspehe vseh poštenih ljudi. 8. Marsikdaj ne morem trenirati ker nimam dovolj časa, zato. najbrž ne bom nikdar osvojil kake kolajne. 9. Bern&rdka se je to poletje učila španščine v Mehiki. 10. Vestnost je zelo važna pri vsjjkem djelu. 11. Za najvišjo zmago dobiš zlato medaljo. 12. Ali zasleduješ Olimpijske igre na televiziji? 13. Naša nogometna ekjjja je zasedla tretje mgsto na državnem tekmovanju. 14. Spela (Isabel) ima jekleno voljo in lep značaj. 15. Peter je dobil Se mnogo pokalov na tekmovanjih v tenisu. 16. Kdo bo lgtos dobil košarkarska prvenstvo? 17. Ali si Se kdaj telovadil na drogu? 18. Čigava slika je na naslovni strani športne revije ta mesec? 19. S trudom in močno voljo lahko veliko narediš. 20. Miha je eden najboljših ^ nogometašov na naši šoli. i D. Translate into Slovenian — Prevedi v slovenščino 1. Mr. Hribar is our family __________ friend. _ 2. Children like to compete. _ 3» Please introduce me to your ni. i parents! _ 4. let's take turns! _ 5• Joe (Jože) is one of the _ best runners in our school. _ 6. Did you ever visit Mexico? ____________ 7. My uncle lives in Belgium. _______________ 8. Competitors from all over _ the world compete in the _ Olympic games. _ 9» I like to swim although I , am not a good swimmer. _. 10. John (Ivgn or Janez) trains ______________ diligently every day. _____________ 11. We* 11 win this time. _____ 12. Joe, Frank and John are teen-agers. 13. We go roller-skating many times during the school year. 14. We'll probably go to a basketball game tomorrow. 15. This is our family picture. 16. He is a national champion _ in tennis. _ 17. This seat is already taken. _ 18. Maryann (Marjanca) is a _ shining example of conscien- _ tiousness. -332- I. VOCABULARY -- SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol pes psiček or kjizek maček mucek z^jec zajček petelin petelinček konj konjiček prašič or prasec PliTsek or prašiček piščanec piščanček or pišče (n.) labc^d puran bik k£zel kozliček osel osliček vol jjinec koStryn kmet (kmgtiŠ) hlapec pastir mlin travnik pafnik or pasa (f.) sadovnjak vodnjak tovornjak ribnik traktor plug srp kramp — male dog — puppy, doggie — male cat — kitten — rabbit — bunny — rooster — cockerel — horse — pony -- pig, hog — piglet — young chicken — chick — swan — turkey -- bull — he-goat — kid — donkey, ass — little donkey — ox — young ox — mutton, sheep — farmer — stable boy, farm laborer — shepherd — mill — meadow — pasture, grazing ground — orchard — well, fountain — truck — pond — tractor — plough — sickle — hack, pick pg.se k kres grič or hrib - griček or hribček breg most potok potoček plot or ograja (f.) voz vpreSen voz j§čmen <£ves lan plevel kurnlk svinjak skedenj hlev gnoj kozolec jarek žleb Č^ber or vedro (n.) škaf kovček blisk jabolčnik or -jabolčni mošt mošt gad modras odstotek gugalni konjiček poljski fridelki (pl.) itni izdelki (pl.) gravel, sand bonfire hill hillock slope bridge stream, brook small brook, small stream fence cart, wagon animal-drawn buggy barley oats flax weed, weeds chicken coop pig sty barn stable, stall manure hay loft, drying shed ditch gutter pail bucket suitcase lightning apple cider juice of grapes adder viper per cent rocking horse farm crops, produce cereals Feminine — ženskj. spol ps^ca krava ovca ovčka or ov5ica koza ca _ ka gos, gosi go ska muca or mačka mucka koklja or Plitka kokoš or kura ■ mula oslica junica or telica krava kobila zajklja svinja or prašiča mi§, miši miška podgana kača k^ca klopotaSa-belouška — — želva žaba krastača r^ba ~ Sivina or govedo (n,) domača žival -domače živali - kmetija kmetica pastirica živinoreja mavrica košnja žatev letina setev female dog cow sheep little sheep, lambkin she-goat duck duckling goose, geese goosling female cat female kitten hen chicken mule she-ass young cow, heifer, female calf cow mare, filly female hare, doe-rabbit sow, swine mouse, mice little mouse rat snake rattlesnake ring snake turtle, tortoise frog toad fish cattle, live stock domestic animal domestic animals farm, farm house farmer's wife, country woman shepherdess cattle breeding, stock farming rainbow hay-harvest harvest time crop, harvest sowing mlekarna hišica Utica koča brana lopata motika kosa grabije (pl.) vile (pl.) mrva or krma or seno (n.) narava or priroda zemlja — dairy — little house, cottage — little hut — hut, cottage — harrow — shovel — hoe — scythe — rake, rakes — fork, forks — hay, fodder — nature — earth, ground, soil prst, -i (gen.)— soil, humus, mould — clod of earth, clod of soil — furrow — tilled field — garden-bed — valley — puddle — mower, mowing machine — wheelbarrow gruda brazda njiva greda dolina mlaka or luža kosilnica samokolnica trava"" rečica reka ravan or ravnina jablana pšenica koruza kaša leČa repa čr£da čreda ovc or čreda ovac kopica sena rosa slana toča suša slama grass small creek river plain, flat land apple tree wheat corn, maize buckwheat rye porridge lentil turnip flock, herd flock of sheep haystack dew frost hail drought straw Feminine - nevihta strela škoda - genski spol — storm — thunderbolt — harm i damage Neuter — Sredn.ii spoI govedo poljedelstvo -■ kmetijstvo tele or teliček (m.) 5rebe or Šrebijček jagnje strašilo orodje polje grmgnne or grom (m.) pišČe or piščanček (m.) pišceta cattle agriculture farming calf colt lamb scarecrow tool, tools field, plain thunder chick chicks Ad.iectiveB -- Pridevniki čudovit, čudovita, čudovito krasen, krasna, krasno obdelan, obdelana, obdelano različen, različna, različno bližnji, bližnja, bližnje naslednji, naslednja, naslednje-strupen, strupena, strupen? droben, drobna, drobno sosedov, sosedova,"sosedovo stričev, strneva, stričevo številen, številna, številno letošnji, letošnja, lgtoSnje Q1?hgr worflg — Druge besede na samem na primer spodaj zgoraj komaj tam v kotu privlačnost lastnost žito prosa sena vedro or čeber (m.) vie drče silos skladišče dvorišče močvirje or bgrje korito brazno obdelovanje — attraction — quality grain millet hay, fodder pail, bucket small pail, small bucket silo, granary storehouse courtyard swamp, marsh trough« manger large creek, precipice, abyss cultivation, tilling (of the soil) wonderful, marvelous gorgeous tilled vari ous, different neighboring, near following, subsequent poisonous, venomous very small, tiny, fine neighbor's uncle•s numerous this year's — isolated, private ponosno okali or okrag škada, da . kot da bi •••< takoj ko takoj medtem ko for example down up hardly there in the corner around poštano požrešno prav sladko tik poleg večkrat na dan too bad that ... as if it would.•• as soon as immediately while kadar tja res razne V£ste in taka dglje itd. proudly honestly greedily very sweetly just next to many times a day when, whenever there really, truly various kinds of and so on etc. Verbs ~ Glagoli obdelovati zgmljo kmetovati sejali or posejati orati Sati or požeti okopati or okopavati molsti or pomoLsti sušiti kositi or pokositi hraniti krmiti napojiti grabiti or pograbiti plati kidati or skidati pospraviti vkuhavati žvižgati or zažvižgati odložiti (obdelujem...) (kmetujem) (sejem or posgjem) (orjem) (zapjem or požanjem) (okopijem or okopavam) (molzem or pomolzem) (sušim) (kos^m or pokosim) (hranim) (krmim) (napojim) (grabim or pograbim) (plevem) (skidam) (pospravim) (vkuhavam) (žvižgam or zažvižgam) (odložim) Šteti or prešteti (Štejem or pre s ta j em) ugotoviti opaziti opazovati vstati vstajati napolniti odpeljati preživati uporabljati prepavati pridelati zoreti pasti se Pasti krave znesti jajca skrivati or skriti (ugotovim) (opazimT (opazujem) (vstanem) (vstajam) (napolnim) (odpeljem) (preživim) (uporabljam) (prepevam) (pridelam) (zori) (se pase) (pasem) (znese jajca) (skrivam or skrijem) — to till the soil — to be a farmer — to sow, to seed — to plough — to reap the harvest — to hoe, to earth — to milk to dry to mow to nourish, to feed to feed, to fodder to give water to rake to weed to remove manure to clear away to preserve, to can to whistle to lay down, to postpone to count to find out to notice to observe, to watch, to examin to get up to get up habituall to fill up to drive away to spend, to pass, to live through to use over and ove to sing on and on to produce, to grow, to harvest to ripen, to grow ripe to pasture, to graz to tend the cows to lay eggs to hide I till ...) I am .•.) I sow) I plough) I reap) I hoe) I milk) dry) mow) X feed) I feed) I give ...) I rake) I weed) I ...) I ...) I ...) I whistle) I lay down) I count) I find out) I notice) observe) get up) (I ...) I fill up) I drive ...) I spend) (I use) I sing) I produce) it ripens) (it grazes) [ tend ...) it lays ...) hide) Everyday expressions — Vsakdan .i i izrazi Obgta se bogata letina. Lgni je bila slaba letina. Letos bo dobra letina, KakrSna setev, taka Setev. Najbolj me veseli. Najbolj me zanima ... Grmi in se bliska. Samo prši. Dežuje. Ort Dež pada (gre). I>ije kot iz Škafa. Toča pada. The crop promises to be abundant. The crop was poor last year. The crop will be good this year. As you sow, so shall you reap. I enjoy ... the most I am mostly interested in ... It's thundering and lightning. It's only drizzling. It's raining. It's raining cats and dogs. It's hailing. II. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Translate the following words — Prevedi sledeče besede _ _ valley L E P 0 earth, ground stream, brook field, plain _ J______tilled field _ E______sowing R___ _ _ pond _ E______harvest time __ S bonfire __N____pasture _ _ A _ _____meadow agriculture __ E ______________farming 2 ____ ____ _ cattle breeding, stock farming __E______dairy __ L ____hay loft, drying shed __ I _ hill B. You will be able to find the Slovenian names for thirty-four animals which we have studied in this lesson in the following "word finder" puzzle. When you find each one, encircle it in the puzzle and then write it next to its English counterpart below. V sp£dnji M5rk£vnici" bj>ste našli štiriintrideset slovanskih imgp Šivali* ki smo se jih naučili v tej lekciji. Ko najdete slovansko besedo, jo obkrožite v "črk£vnici" in potem napišite pfileg ustrgzne angleške besede spodaj. K 0 Z A V A B C K 0 N J B I K 0 s I G 0 V E D 0 E M A C E K P E T E L I N L B U I G E T 0 I L A B 0 D U M I S Z N P E S [Z A J K l J A)0 L 0 V J A L p C E G 0 S K A P A Z R E B E E R A C A M I S K A E G E B E Z P I S C E A K 0 K L J A U R A K 0 5 T R U N B A V R E Z 0 B M I G M U C A K R A S T A C A U P 0 D G A N A V A Z A J E C C S s G 0 S A C T R E K C 0 L E M I S 0 V C A A K 0 Z E L 0 K 0 K 0 S P E S K U Z E K P I P E T E L I N C E K R A C K A S V I N J A 0 S E L P U R A N Examples kitten — mucek female hare — zajklja 1. bunny 10. duck 2. calf (n.) 11. duckling 3. cat (m.) 12. frog 4. chick (n.) 13. geese 5. chicken 14. goat (f.) 6. cockerel goat (m.) 7. colt (n.) 15. goosling 8. dog (m.) 16. hen 9. donkey (m.) 17. horse 18. kitten 26. rat 19. lamb 27. rooster 20. mare, filly 28. snake 21. mouse 29. sheep 22. mutton 30. sow, swine 23. ox 31. swan 24. PUPPY 32. toad 25. rabbit 33. turkey 34. turtle C. Choose the correct word — Izberi pravilno besedo 1. rye a. sadovnjak 2. wheat b. kmet 3. rainbow c. samokolnica 4. orchard v c. plevgl 5. hail d. hlev 6. shepherd e. breg 7. well f. tovornjak 8. farmer c. gnoj 9. barley h. pšenica 10. weeds * i. kovček 11. wheelbarrow .i. skedenj 12. truck k. pastir 13. hillock 1. čeber, vedro 14. manure m. srp 15. bam n. oves 16. stable, stall o. motika 17. pail, bucket p. r5 18. sickle r. ječmen 19. plough s. grabi je 20. oats S. vodnjak SI. slope t. lopata 22. hoe u. plug 23. shovel v. mavrica 24. rake z. griček, hribček 25. suitcase 5. toČa D. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleščino 1. Naš stari oče ima veliko _ kmetijo. Zel£ rad kmetu je. _______________ 2. Jeseni b£mo spet grabili _ listje. _ 3. Kmet m£ra ve 6krat na dan ______________ nakupiti in napojiti Sivino. _______________ 4. Prestejmo, koliko jajc so _ danes zngsle kok£Ši! _ 5» Silva (Sylvia) rada plgve _ na v£tu. _ 6. Kadar zori pšenica, so p£lja _ krasne zlgte barve. _______________ 7. Otroci radi opazujejo živali. 8. Ce grem p£zno spat, težko _ zjutraj zg£daj vstanem. ________________ 9. Med Š£lskim l^tom m£ramo _________________ zg£daj vstajati. _ 10. Naša mama vsako poletje ____________ vkuhava sadje in zelenjavo. ________________ I.£tos je vk^hala čez petdeset kozarcev. ____________ 11. Matej (Matt) m£ra med ______________ počitnicami vsak teden poko- .. siti travo okr£g hiše. _ 12. Mgtka in Martinček grg.sta ____________ zel£ rada k ribniku k^mit _________ račke in g£ske. _ 13. Fajrtje h£dijo k sosgdovi _ mlaki opazovat ž&be in _ želve. _ 14. Včasih gred£ t£di v brezno _ gledat, če b£do ujgli še _ kako drugo Siv^l. 15. Letošnje počitnice smo preSivgli v naši vikend hišici pri m£r ju. 16. Ce hj>5eš Seti, mgraš obdelovati zgrnijot orati, sejati« okopavati in tak£, dalje. 17. Hlapec bo 8ki,dal gnoj iz hleva in ga nalovil na samokglnico. 18. Ne znam mglsti krav. 19. V Slovani ji Sivi. od kmetijstva sama dvajset odstotkov ljudi. 20. Koliko Sivine se pase na pašniku? 21. Iz jabolk naredimo jabolčnikj iz grozdja pa mošt in vino. 22. Kmet uporablja za obdelo vanje zemlje sledgče orodje t plug in brano, kosilnico ali k£set lopate, krampe, motike, grabije, vile, s£pe in taka dalje. 23. J)Se je kgpil nov traktor in nov tovornjak. 24. Kmet £rje njive in pfilja s plugomo 25. Blizu naše hiše je ribnik. Tam se pozimi drsamo. 26. Pastir mara vadeti, koliko glav govada se pase na pašniku. 27* Okrgg pašnika je visgk plot. -341- 28. Ce veliko plavem, ne bo toliko plevgla. 29. Na koncu p£l ja je kozolec, kjer suSimo Sito. 30. Pes in maček sta domači Živali. 31. V svinjaku je pet pujskov, ena svinja in dva prašiča. 32. Krave so Se v hlfevu, ovce se pa Še pasejo na travniku. 33. Prinasi konjem en cgber sveže vode v hlev! 34. V jeseni morajo kmetje pospraviti vse poljske pridalke. 35. V našem sadovnjaku je šest jablan, pet hrušk in £sem breskev. 36. K£klja in piš&eta so v kurniku. 37. Vsako j]itro me zbudi sosedov petelin. 38. Na sk£dnju je velika kupica sena« 39. Po dežju večkrat opazimo mavrico na nebu. 40. Sl^na in t£Ča naredita kmetom veliko Šk£de. 41. 2l£be bo tr£ba očistiti okrog hiše. 42. Tak£j ko prideš do most£, objeli na desno in boš videl našo kmetijo. 43. Mačke lovijo miši in podgane. V ribniku je mnogo rib; v mlakah bo pa žabe, med njimi tudi krastače. 45* Nekatere kače so zelo. strupene, kot na primer gad £li modras, belouška pa ni strupena. 46. Ptjleg hiše je utica, kjer ima £Če kosilnico, samo-kolnico, plug in drugo orodje. 47. Iz ječmena, ovsa, rži, ajde in pšenice delajo razne žitne izdelke. 48. Kmet bo naknnil živali. Za konje ima pripravljen aves, za krave in £vce krmo, za kokgši koruzo, za purane pšenico, za race ječmen, za mačka mlgko in za psa kost. 49. Proso je zelo drobno Žito. . 50. V močvirju je navadno mnogo _ žab in beloušk. ________________ E. Translate into Slovenian « Prevedi v slovenščino 1. The crop was very good this _ year. i__ 2. Is it raining? No, it*s only drizzling. __________________ 3. It*s raining cats and dogs. 4. The children like to play in ____________ the haystack. ^ 5- The shepherd is tending a i flock of sheep. _ 6. Who is whistling? _ 7. I get up early every morning. 8. Do you see the rainbow? 9. The dairy is next to the farm* 10. Our house is on a small hill. 11. Down in the valley are beautiful green meadows, fields and plains. 12. Do you like apple cider? 13« There are many weeds in our garden. 14. I need a pail of water. 15. The hay is in the barn. 16. The cows and the horses are already in the stable. 17« Johnny has a new rocking horse. 18. Did you ever ride a pony or a horse? 19. We often make a bonfire in the summer and sing Slovenian, songs. 20. Next to our house is a large orchard. 21. Wheat, barley, rye, oats, millet and buckwheat are various kinds of grains. 22. When does the wheat ripen? _ 23. Where is my suitcase? _ 24. I don't know how to whistle. _ 25. Who drives the truck? _ 26. The farmers must put away _.m their crops in the fall. ___ 27. The hail did a lot of damage. -344^ 28. We don't have a mower . because we don't have a lot ___________ of grass. ________ 29« The children are mostly interested in the animals. ________________________ 30. The crop promises to be ■,.,._, abundant this year. ________ III. READING -- BERILO Na kmeti .i i Hribarjevi otroci že komaj Sekajo počitnic. Kot vsako lato b£do tijdi lgtos Sli za nekaj tednov na počitnice k teti Micki in stricu Jgnezu. Tgta Micka in stric Janez živita z njunima dvema otr£koma Marjaneo in Tomažem na veliki kmetiji. Na gr^Sku imajo lep dom z velikim sadovnjakom. Spodaj v dolini pa so travniki, pašniki, polja in njive. Po poljih rastejo različna žitat ajda« pšenica, oves in P° njivah pa razne V£ste zelenjave kot repa, krompir, zelje in druge. Toda Hribarjeve otroke najbolj zanimajo domače živali — te so zgnje najvačja privlačnost. Takoj odložijo kovčke in pozdravijo tato, strica, bratranca Tomaža in sestrično Marjanco, že tečejo v hlev gledat konje, krave, ovčke in druge živali« Takoj opazijo, da je latos v hlavu več živine kot lgni. Hitro prešte,jejo vse živali v stričevem hlgvu in ugotovijo, da so v njem trije konji in dva majhna konjička, gna kobila, ano žreba* lest krav, dva telička, dva vola, en junec, en bik, en kozel, dva oslička, šest ovčk in tam v kotu se skriva tudi še en koštr^n. Potam gredo še v svinjak in vidijo, da je v njem pet pujskov, ki vsi požrašno jedo i« korita. V kemiku, ki je tik poleg svinjaka, je kokl j a zaposlena s številno družino, saj ima kar trinajst piščančkov. Petelin ponosno hodi okrog, kot da bi se ponašal s svojo družino. Na kmetiji je vodno veliko dela. Treba je obdelovati zemljo, orati, sejati, okopavati, plati in žati. Tjjdi živino je traba po vačkrat na dan nakrmiti in napojiti, pomolsti krave in skidati gnoj. Ko so si vso to kmetijo dobro ogledali, so Hribarjevi otroci takoj 5eIgli pomagati pri delu. Zjutraj so zgodaj vstajali. Stricu in tgti so pomagali molsti krave. VsaKo j^tro so napolnili več kot deset čebrov (vgder) ml£ka in jih takaj odpeljali s tovornjakom v bližnjo mlekarno. Po zajtrku so peljali Sivino na pašo. Potgm so Sli fantje s stricem na p£>lje, M^tka in Marjanca sta pa pomagali t£ti Micki z delom okrag hiše in na vrtu. Medtem ko je teta Micka kuhala in vkuhavala sadje in zelenjavo, sta Marjanca in Metka pleli na v£tu. Tomaž in Matej sta večkrat tudi pokosila-s kosilnico travo okrog hiše. Skoda, da je stric Janez pokosil travnike in pospravil tonno Se pred prihodom Hribarjevih otrok. Kadar je bila zela vroče, sta se šli deklici kgpat k jazeru, fantje so pa raje hodili k ribniku opazovat žabe in lovit ribe. Pfileg rib in žab je v ribniku tjidi mnogo rac in gosi, P° vodi pa plava krasen, beli labod. Koliko lepih ur so fantje preživeli pri ribniku! Kaka čudovita je narava! Mnogokrat so Sli tudi v brezno lovit Se druge živali kot na primer belouške in želve. Ob večgrih so večkrat naredili kres in prepevali lepe slovanske pesmi. Posebno všeč jim je bila naslednjai Oj, lep£ je res na deželi. de žali, deželi, kjer h^s*ca na samem stoji.. Ok£l* so pa trayn'ki zeleni, zeleni, to mane najbolj veseli. Vsak km£tič 'ma svoje veselje, veselje, veselje, če v^dno pošteno živi. Cez dan si zažvižga, zapoje, zapoje, zapaje, zvečar pa prav sladko zaspi,. So nice it's outside in the country, the country, the country, Where there is a nice lonely house. Around there are many green meadows, green meadows, green meadows* This brings to my heart greatest joy. Each farmer is joyful and happy, and happyt and happy, If he lives an honest good life. By day he is yodling and singing, and singing, and singing, By night he is soudly asleep. Read and translate the reading -Answer the following question - 1. Kam bado šli Hribarjevi otraci na počitnice? 2. Kje Živita stric Janez in tata Micka? 3. Kaliko otrok imata? Kje je njun dom? 5. Kaj je v dolini? 6. Kaj raste po paljih? - Beri in prevedi berilo - Odgovori na sledeča vprašan .ia 7- Kaj raste po njivah? 8. Kaj je Hribarjeve otroke najbolj zanimalo? 9. Kam so Sli, takaj ko so odlo žili kovčke? 10. Kaj so otraci ta£oj opazili? 11. Naštaj (list) vse živali v ___ -3^7- stričevem hlevu! 12. Kdaj so otrgci vstajali? 13. Kaj so zjutraj najprej naredili? 14. Kam so odpeljali polne čebre ml^ka? 15* Kam so šli fantje po zajčku? 16. Kaj sta delali deklici, medtem ko je tg,ta Micka kuhala in vkuhavala? 17. Kaj sta Tomaž in Mata j večkrat naredila? 18. Kaj je stric Japez že _ naredil pred prihodom Hribarjevih otrok? 19. Kam sta Sli deklici, Se je bilo zelo. vroče? 20. Kam so pa fantje raje hodili? 21. Katere živali so bilg, v ribniku? 22. Kakšne živali so fantje lovili v breznu? 23. Kaj so večkrat naredili _ ob večerih? 24. Katera pasem jim je bila _ posebno všeč? I. VOCABULARY ~ SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol zimzelen bor macesen jasen tspol brest hrast javor bazeg kostanj £reh lešnik ameriški beli oreh laški lešnik or kikiriki jasmin teloh Španski b^zeg podlasek regrat rožmarin tulipan nggelj or nageljSek eneijan rododendron lokvanj zvonček mak naprstanec zajček brsljgn r^bez š^pek Sajbelj tirnijan jgnez praprot mah cvet grm plevel log or gaj — evergreen — pine tree — larch tree — ash tree — poplar tree — elm tree — oak tree — maple tree — elder tree — chesnut, chesnut tree — walnut, walnut tree — hazel nut, hazel nut tree — hickory — peanut jasmine hellebore lilac meadow saffron dandelion rosemary tulip carnation gentian rhododendron water lily snowdrop poppy foxglove snapdraggon ivy currant(s) wild rose berry sage thyme anise fern mosB blossom bush weed(s) grove, shady wood dol or dolina (f.) košček tram rob med soj uljnjak ulj or panj štar Češarek borov storž Šilod pecelj popek mrčes metulj or metoLjček cmrlj čriček muren or mgrenček komar pajek ščurek škorpijon kačji pastir deževnik črv-or glista (f.) hrošč martinček or kuščar srŠgn krt polž molj — valley, dale — small piece — beam — edge — honey — shine, light — beehouse, apiary — beehive — s^ump of a tree — fir cone — pine cone — acorn — stem of a flower — bud of a flower — vermin — butterfly — bumblebee — cricket — field cricket — mosquito — spider — cockroach — scorpion — dragonfly — earthworm — worm — beetle — lizard — hornet — mole — snail — moth Feminine — Ženski spol rastlina smraka jelka trobelika leska breza or .3^9- brezovka — plant — spruce tree — fir tree — hemlock tree — hazel tree birch tree Femininq belcev cipresa vrba" £ljka lipa figa sekvoja Ženski Bpol — beech tree — cypress tree — willow tree — olive tree — linden tree — fig, fig tree redwood tree sviba (psika) — dogwood tree jelsa macica marjetica orhideja kri z an t em a planika" dali j a vijalica lilija Šmamica or sol zle a potanika plavica spominčica trobentica z lat Te a sončnica mačeha pelargonija vrtnica zvončnica astra gladi£la vodenka kakteja petonija lončnica trajnica kopriva konoplja čebjjlica korenina sadika mladika peška or pečka detelja deteljica kamilica veja — alder tree pussy willow daisy orchid chrys anthemum edelweiss dahlia violet lily lily of the valley peony cornflower forget-me-not primrose buttercup sunflower pansy geranium rose bluebell aster sword lily impatiens or touch-me-not cactus petunia potted flower perennial flower stinging nettle hemp bulb root plant sprig, shoot, sprout kernel, stone in a fruit clover, trefoil clover-leaf camomile branch žuželka čebela čebela delavka osa mravlja muha mušica pikapolonica kobilica gosenica or ličinka kresnica uš, usi pajčevina mraža nitka skala slana (slanca) zvezda lučka senca trska deska trava trata cvetica or cvetlica or r£Ža (rožica) jagoda malina borovnica robida robidnica kosmulja trta" živa meja poljana or polje (n.) drobtinica drobtina uganka basen cvetlična greda planinska roža -zdravilne " rastline insect, bug bee honey bee wasp ant fly little fly, gnat ladybug grasshopper, locust caterpillar firefly louse, lice spider's web, cobweb net fine thread rock frost star small light shade splinter, thin piece of wood plank, board grass lawn, grass flower berry, strawberry raspberry blueberry, huckleberry blackberry bush blackberry gooseberry grape vine hedge plain, field little crumb crumb riddle fable flower bed alpine flower health plants Neuter — Srednji brinje drgvje or drevesa sadno drevje cvetje £e£b£ — Glagoli dišati cveteti posnemati vzdihovati morati odlet£ti nabirati zadaviti umoriti nastavljati ujg,ti se uloviti zapeljati zagrabiti rešiti se spol juniper bush trees fruit trees blossoming, bloomi flowers grmovje grmičevje mravljišče drva (pi.) — bushes — shrubs — ant hill — firewood (dišim) (cvetim) (posnemam) (vzdihujem) (maramT (odletim) (nabiram) (zadavim) (umorim) (nastavljam) (ujamem se) Culovim) (zapeljem) (zagrabim) (rešim se) — to have a pleasant smell (I ...) veljati (veljgm) zavrniti (zavrnem) pačiti (pičim) Pikati or opikati (oplkam) sadrti or vsaditi (vsadim) ovaniti or usahniti gojiti cvetice krasiti okraiiti usmodlti razsuti (ovenem or usahnem) (gojim ...) (krasim or okrasim) (usmodim) (razsujem) Adjectives — Pridevniki to blossom, to bloom to imitate to sigh, to moan to like, to care for to fly away to gather, to collect to strangle to murder to keep on placing or s traps to get caught to catch to seduce, to entice to grab, to seize to save oneself, to escape to be worth to reject, to rebut to sting to sting all over to plant to wither, to wilt, to dry up, to fade away to cultivate flowers to beautify, to adorn to scorch to shed, to disperse, to scatter sigh) like) gather) strangle) (I etting (I (I (I (I seduce) (I grab) (I save .. (I am • • ■) (I reject) (I (I (I plant) (I (I (I (I scorch) (I shed) naroden, narodna, narodno dišeč, dišeča, dišeče b£ren, borna, borno suh, sjjha, sjiho"* debel, debela, debalo rejen, rejena, rejeno tanek, tanka, tanko malo viden, vidna, vidno bolj primaren, primerna, primerno- more suitable nejjmen, negama, neymno or ~ — stupid, silly, foolish bedast, bedasta, bedasto prižgan, prižgana, prižgano — lighted up, lit — national — fragrant, beautifully scented — miserable, wretched — thini dry — fat, stout — well-fed — thin — hardly seen, inconspicuous v n^ši sredi nikakor sam(a) zase skoraj na sredi poti vse naenkrat drjigim in our midst in no way by oneself almost half way all at once to others Everyday expressions — Vsakdan.ii Cebgla (osa) me je piSila. Ves (vsa) sem opikan(a) od komarjev. Vsi se ga boje (bojijo). NihSg. (nobeden) ga ne mara. NihSg. (nobeden) se ne zmeni zame. NihSe se ne zmeni zanj (zanjo). Preveč si domisljjxjeS! V nedeljo se bomo seŠli. Te cvetice lepo dise (dišijo). Drevesa so v polnem cvetju. Drevesa Se cveto (cvetijo). Re5g.no, storjgno. tam gori dokler gotovo zanlSljivo skrbno za~drugiS vsaj izrazi up there until certainly scornfully with care for next time at least A bee (a wasp) stung me. I have mosquito bites all over. Everyone is afraid of him. Nobody likes him. Nobody pays any attention to me. Nobody minds him (her). You think too much of yourself! We'll get together on Sunday, These flowers have a pleasant smell (odor). The trees are in full bloom. The trees are already blooming. Done as said. II. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Translate the following words — Prevedi sledeče besede 2 U 2 E L K E snail cockroach earthworm cricket bumblebee mosquito butterfly R A S T L I N E fern moss trees flowers weeds roots raspberry acorn B. Choose the correct word — izberi pravilno besedo 1. juniper tree a. smreka 2. maple tree b. lešnik 3. pine tree c. bezeg 4. spruce tree 5. macesen 5» fir tree d. vrba 6. birch tree e. javor 7. beech tree f. cipresa 8. ash tree oljka 9. hazel nut tree h. sviba (ps£.ka) 10. redwood tree • i. topol 11. evergreen .i. figa 12. elder tree k. brinje 13. linden tree 1. breza 14. willow tree m. hrast 15. hemlock tree n. ameriški beli oreh 16. olive tree 0. jglka 17. cypress tree p. kostanj 18. larch tree r. sekvoja 19. poplar tree s. trobel^ka 20. elm tree S. bor 21. oak tree t. lipa 22. chesnut tree u. jesen 23. hickory v. brest 24. fig tree z. zimzelen 25. dogwood tree bykev * * * 1. lilac a. marjetica 2. meadow saffron b. vi j jo lic a 3. lily c. tulipan 4. lily of the valley S. vrtnica 5. daisy d. lokvan j 6. pussy willow e. mak 7. violet f. trobgritica 8. edelweiss c. deteljica 9. tulip h. lilija 10. carnation i. pelargonija 11. rose "i • plavica 12. water lily- k. brSljan 13. snowdrop 1. španBki bazeg 14. forget-me-not m. sončnica 15. primrose n. zlatica 16. pansy 0. planika 17. cornflower D. kakteja 18. sunflower r. šmarnica (solzica) 19. clover-leaf s. vodanka 20. poppy S. spominčica 21. geranium t. podlesek 22. impatiens u. mačica 23. ivy V. mačeha 24. cactus z. zvonček 25. buttercup Ž. nagelj C. Translate into Englitfo — prevedi v angleSčino 1. Kadar lipe cveto (cvetijo), _ cebgle pridno nabirajo med. _ 2. Slovanci imajo radi or^he in _ orehovo potico. _ 3. Rd^Či nagelj je slovanska _________ narodna cvetica. __ 4. V Kaliforniji rastejo krasne,_ zelo visoke sekvoje. ______ 5« Bykve uporabljajo za drva, hraste in smrake pa za __________ tramove in deske. 6. Planike rastejo na skalah___ visoko v gorah. _ 7« Topoli so visoka drevesa, ki ____ krase (krasijo) slovansko ______ pokrajino Prekmurje. ________ 8. Pred Božičem otroci nabirajo mah za jaslice. 9. Na naši cvetlični gredi gojimo tjilipane, vrtnice, pelargonije, mačehe, lilije in nagelje. 10. Ob rgbu sadovnjaka rastejo maline, kosmulje, borovnice in ribez. 11. Osa me je pičila. 12. Na sadju je mnggo mušic. 13. Vodenke rastejo tudi v senci, senčnice pa potrebujejo veliko sgnca. 14. Mravlje in čebele so zeltj, pridne živ^lice. 15. Pred ngšo hišo stoji velik hrast. 16. Spomladi jemo regrat. 17« Mah raste v gozdu, mak pa po travnikih. 18. Tulipani cveta zgodaj spomladi. 19« Zvončki, trobgntice, vijo,-lice in šmarnice so tudi spomladanske cvetice. 20. Vsako jesen vsadimo čebulice tulipanov, da imamo spomladi zgodaj cvetice na vrtu. 21. Na travniku je mnogo metuljev* čričkov in Čm^ljev. 22. Fraprot je ena najstarejših rastlin. 23. Španski bgzeg je lep grm. 24. Počasen si kj£or polž. 25. Iz zdravih korenin zdravo dreva. -355 26. £tica je pokr£ta z __ bršlj§nom. ___________________ 27. Kadar sem bolan, pijem _ Saj iz kamilic. _ 28. Lenka ima zelo rada cvetice. Najbolj pa so ji vŠeČ _________________________ marjetice. __________________ 29. Nihče se ne zmeni zanj. _ 30. Vrtnice lepo diše (dišijo). __ D. Write the names of ten trees, ten flowers and ten insects Napisi imena deset dreves, deset cvetic in deset žuželk levega Cvetice Žuželke 1.___ _ 2. _ _ _ 3. _ _ _ _ _______ 5. _ _ _ 6. _ _ _ 7. ____ _ 8 .___ _ 9. _ _ ___ 10. _ __ _ E. Riddle — Uganka Lučke v travici prižgane „ . , . „ dvignejo se nad poljane. J Je T0' Kadar jih v roko uloviš, postov si ne osmodiš." --- ~ aotusej}! III. FABLES — BASNI Kresnica in gosenica Hinko Medič "Ne vem, zakaj mgram šivati tu med vgmi, na tej b£rni zgrni ji?" vpr^Ša kresnica gosgjiico. "Meni se zdi, da bi bil£ mg,je mgsto bolj primarno tam g£ri med zvezdami!H Gosenica jo zavgnei "Draga moja! Dokler boš živela v naši srgdi, bo tvgja l^čka kaj veljala. Tam gori pa, v s£ju svetlih zvezd, kdo se bo zmgnil zate? Preveč si domiSljjiješ, draga kresnica!" Muha in pa.iek Dragotin Kette Muha se je ujela v pajSevino. "Ah, ah," je vzdihovala, ko se ni mogla nikakor več rešiti, "da nisem vedela teh nitk! Zakaj ne prgdejo pajki debelejših mrež* potgm bi se gotgvo ne ujela." "Tjidi jaz mislim, da bi se ne," je dejal nat£ pajek zaničljivo in zagrabil ubogo m]£ho," tgda mi pajki nismo tako. neumni. Kdor h£Če kgga zapeljati in ujgti, m£ra nastavljati tanke, malo vidne mrgSe, le zapomni si, muha. Tebi Se povgm, ker te bom takoj zadavil." Rečgno, storjgjio. — Ali vaste, kdo posngma pajka? Čebelica in Čmrl.i Dragotin Kette Na dišgjSi cvetki sta se sešla čm£Lj in čebela. "Oj, čebgla," pravi Čmrlj, "kaka si ti suha! Poglej mene, kaka dem dgbel in rejgn! I, kaj pa delaš z mgdom, ki ga nabiraš po cvetju, kaj ga ne poješ sama?" "O ne," odgovori Čebelica, "jaz ga dajem tudi drugim ..." "To si badasta," rače nat£ čm£lj, "jaz ga pa sam pojepu Cemu bi ga dajal drjjgim? Zato sem pa tjjdi debel in rejen, hum, ti si pa kot t£ska!" "Naj bom sjjha kot t£ska, zatg, me pa tudi ljudje ljubijo bolj kakor V8e drjige moje vgste, tebe pa se boja in te ne marajo," odgovori čebelica in odleti proti uljnjaku. Mravl.ii Dragotin Kette Zvečer sta se sešli mravlji, sosedi v mravljišču. "Joj, kako sem utrujena," rgče prva, "ves dan sem vlačila košček sladkorja, pa ga nisem mogla.sprgyiti do domat na sredi poti sem ga morala pustiti." "A tako, ti misliš drobtinice od sladkorja, ki ga je razsula ngka dgklica tam na cesti? Pa kako, je to, saj je bilo, pglno majhnih k£ŠČkov tam..." "Da, aLi jaz sem hotela največjega." "Kako si neumna," re,če druga, "vidiš, jaz pa sem nosila samo, bolj majhne k£Ščkei le pojdi pogledat, kakšen kup jih je S Seveda, ti hoČeŠ vse naankrat. No, pa imaš. Boš vsaj vedela za drugič!" Read and translate the f^ble§ — Beri in prevedi basni What can we learn from each fable?Kaj se lahko naučimo iz vsake basni? IV. SONG — PESEM Tam v dolu roža rase Tam v d£lu r&$a rase, pri potgku sama zase. Naj le rase, naj le rase, saj ni m^ja r^Vca to! Ce bi roS'ca mo.ja bila, slgnca bi je ne umorila. Oh, zakaj se njjsi skrila? Ti nesrečna rojEica! In the valley grows a flower, Near the brook a lonely flower ... let her grow, let her be growing For this flower isn't mine! If to me belonged this flower, It would not have been frost-bitten Oh, if only you had hidden, You ill-fated little thing! I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — MoSki st>ol ptic (ptiček) čuk faz§n galeb golob golobČek hudournik jastreb jereb kalin kanarček kivi kijunaČ kobilar kolibri kos kragulj kraljicek or palček or stržek lišcek noj orel pav pingvin plamenec ptic oponašavec - slgyec or slavček sokol šcinkavec Škorec škrjanec or SkrjanČek t ukan vrabec (vrabček)-krokar jež or ježek zg,jec polh jelen severni jalen los oven bober rakun oposum — male bird — wood owl — pheasant — seagull — pigeon — chickadee — swift — vulture — partridge (m. ~ bullfinch — canary — kiwi — woodcock, sandpiper — oriole — hummingbird — blackbird — hawk wren goldfinch — ostrich — eagle -- peacock — penguin — flamingo — mockingbird — nightingale -- falcon -- finch — starling — skylark — toucan — sparrow — raven — porcupine -- rabbit — dormouse — stag — reindeer — elk, moose — ram — beaver netopir dihur jazbec srnjaček krt ?olž (polžek) kržat brlog gozd xjez ynahrbtnik kljun (kljunček) -rep rog korak zrak studanec mir ~~ nemir vir jug mladi rod dimnik lovec sovražnik hinavec kum~(kumek) or boter deček narec striSek (stric) — mož^cek - bat - skunk, polecat - badger - male fawn - mole - snail - cicada - burrow, hole - forest, wood(s) - dam - knapsack - bill, beak - tail - horn - step, pace - air - spring, fountain - peace - restlessness - source - south - offspring, new generation - chimney - hunter - enemy - hypocrite - godfather - small boy - fool - uncle - little man spol racoon opossum Feminine — genski ptica (ptička) — female bird Čaplja čigra or ribič divja kyra divja raca golobica g£lica jerebica kukavica lastovka or lastovica papiga majhna papiga -360- heron tern grouse mallard dove turtle dove partridge cuckoo swallow parrot parakeet pastirjjca or pastiričica prepelica sin^ca or sinička sova sr^ka Soja štorklja or štrk (m.) taščica vr^na Solna liB^ca podlasica kima vgverica majhna veverica leteča vgverica srna sniica košuta vidra gozdne živali ptice selivke — wagtail — quail — titmouse stg.za polna lijna goščava votlina owl drevesna magpie duplina jay (bluejay)lesena koča — stork — robin — crow — woodpecker — fox — weasel — marten — squirrel — chipmunk — flying squirrel V£ja (vejica) zarja jasa jata jata ptic konoplja ljubica korenina perut, peruti or perutnica natančnost deer female fawn hind, a young . . . deer ^vztrajnost otter lastnost animals of marljivost the woods migratory birds taca taČka (tačica) Neuter — Sredn.ii spol gnezdo ptičje gnezdo Pgr je deblo — nest — bird's nest — feathers, plumage — tree trunk rogovje skaXovje društvo — path — full moon — thicket — cave, cavern; den — hollow in a tree — log cabin — branch — dawn — glade, clearing in the forest — flight, flock, host, troop — flock of birds — nettle — sweetheart — root — wing, wings accuracy, precision perseverance characteristic diligence, industry paw little paw horns, antlers rocks, rocky region society, organization Ad.iectives — Pridevniki prazen, prazna, prazno zapuščen, zapuščena, zapuščeno — bledikast, bledikasta, o — — kmgtov, kmgtova, kmetovo moder, modra, modro-hinavski, hinavska, hinavsko skrit, skrita, skrito očiten, očitna, očitno zvit, zvita, zvito nekateri, nekatera, nekatero edin(i), edina, edijio isti, ista, isto hujši, hjijša, hjijše lepši, lepša, lepše empty abandoned, deserted, lonely palish, pallid farmer's wise, prudent; azure, blue hypocritical hidden obvious, evident, visible sly, craftyj twisted some sole, the only one the same worse more beautiful prezirljivo ljubo sladko žalostno globoko visoko nemirno enako kot prej vendarle skoraj nič leto za letom ob mraku na polj na pol pota sem ter tja nazaj i ritenski naprej; vnaprgj samo, par korakov vsak čas nečemu scornfully lovingly sweetly sadly deep, deeply high up, highly restlessly, anxiously likewise, in like manner as before nevertheless hardly anything, almost nothing yfear after year at twilight, at dusk half i half way here and there back, backwards forth, forward; in advance only a few steps at any time; in no time to something Verbs — Glagoli leteti odleteti Svrgoleti brneti posloviti se or poslavljati se prihajati zoreti bledeti rumeneti zeleneti or ozeleneti zastreti poditi se utihniti naveličati se (followed by odzvanjati polastiti se (letim) (odletim) (Svrgolim) (brnim) (posTovim se)— (poslavljam se) (prihajam) (zorim) (bledim) (rumenim) (zelenim or — ozelenim) ( zastrem) (podim se) (utihnem) (naveličam se)-genitive case) (odzvanjam) — (polastim se) - delati se norca (delam ...) Siniti izginiti zasinejati (šinem) (izginem) (zasmejim se)— to fly; to run to fly away to twitter, to warble to buzz, to drone to bid farewell, to say good-bye to approach, to keep on coming to grow ripe to fade, to grow pale to turn yellow, to become yellow to turn green, to become verdant to cover, to veil (I cover) to chase one another (I chase ...) to become silent (I become ...) to get weary of, (I get weary of) to be fed up with, to be tired of to answer in return (I answer ...) to seize, (I seize) to take hold of to make fun of, (I make fun of) to mock to flash, to slip by (I flash) to disappear (I disappear) to break into a laugh (I ...) (I fly) (I fly away) (I twitter) (I buzz) (I bid ...) (I approach) (I ripen) (I fade) (I turn ...) (I turn green) pripeljati kukati kimati zijati zvedeti gugati se zglasiti or razglasiti lesti zagledati vrniti se or prosti nazaj objemati izpodjedati oporekati bedeti smrdeti ustvariti plezati pomorrti ustreliti zapustiti švigati or švigniti (pripeljem) (kukam) (kimam) (zijam) (zvem) (gumam se) (zglasim) (razglasim) (ležem) (zagledam) (vrnem se or — pridem nazaj) (objedam) (izpc>d jedam) — (oporekam) (bedim) (smrdim) (ustvarim) (plezam) (pomorim) (ustrelim) (zapustim) (švigam or švignem) to bring along (I bring along) to cry cuckooi (I cry ...) to peer, to peep (I peer) to nod, to say yes (I nod) to gape, to stare, (I gape) to gaze at to learn, to hear, (I learn) to come to know, to find out to swing, to rock (I swing) to announce, (I announce) to declare, to give notice to crawl (I crawl) to catch sight of (I catch ...) to return, (I return) to come back (I come back) to eat off, to gnaw (I eat off) to eat away, to undermine (J.,.) to contradict, (I contradict) to object, to say the opposite to be awake (I am awake) to smell badly, (I smell ...) to stink to create, (I create) to set up, to establish to climb (I climb) to kill a great number of (I .•.) to shoot (I shoot) to leave, to leave behind (I ...) to pass quickly, (I pass ...) to dart, to slip, to brush by Everyday expressions — Vsakdanji izrazi Ni več. Nobenega ne vidim. Nic več ga ne vidim. Ne vem ne kod ne kam. Ob mraku moraš biti doma! Poslovimo se in pojdimo~domov! Odšel je, ne da bi se poslovil. Vsega sem se naveliSal(a) Naveličali smo se čakati. Ne delaj se norca iz njega (nje) Ne imej me za norca! Ni ga (je) se nazaj. Or* Ni se še vrnil (vrnila). 2e vnaprej se vam zahvaljujem. Pripeljite prijatelje s sabo! Od koga si to zvedel? Zvedel (zvedela )""sem od enega izme.d svojih prijateljevT Ce se to zve ... Temu ni kaj oporekati. Od sedaj naprej Ido drugače. There is no more. I don't see anyone. I don't see him any more. I don't know which way (to go). You must be home at dusk! Let's say good-bye and go home! He left without saying good-bye. I am fed up with everything. We got tired of waiting. Don't make fun of him (of her)! Don't fool me! He (she) isn't back yet. Ori He (she) hasn't returned yet. I thank you in advance. Bring your friends along! From whom did you find this out? I learned from one of my friends. If this comes to be known ... There is no objection to this. From now on it will be different. 363- A. You will be able to find the Slovenian names for thirty-five birds in the following "word finder" puzzle. When you find each one, encircle it in the puzzle and then write it next to its English counterpart below. V spodnji "crkovnici" baste ngjjli petintrideset slovanskih imen ptičev. Ko najdete slovansko besado, jo obkrožite v "crkovnici" in potam napiiite poleg ustrezne angleške besede spodaj. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. bullfinch canary crow dove eagle falcon CC 0K)P G A L E B T A S C I C A AGS T 0 R K L J A S 0 K 0 L J PAS L L I 5 C E K R j R A B A L L 0 C 0 R E L P A A A A K 0 S J E R E B I C A T N K 5 G P C T ABO K 0 S I N I A A T U A P R KOL I B R I 0 C R V R L V I E D I e K R A L J I C E K J P N B SOU G A P C U K E 0 R E L G L 0 S K R J A N e E K 0 S P A V A L K A L 0 Z P A L C E K N M I S NOJ I P A P I G A A S 0 E N T ARC C A N K 0 S I U L J N K 0 P E U A V G R L I C A A H E 0 V Z C K I R S C I N K A V E C S K PAV R A B E C I 0 A C S 0 V A SOV A N 0 J A C S J E R E B A D I V J A R A C A B L K A L I N Examples bird (m.) 1. blackbird — ptič wood owl — Suk _ 8. finch _ _ 9* flamingo _ _ 10. goldfinch _ _ 11. heron _ __ 12. jay _ _ 13. magpie _ _ 14. mallard _ 15. nightingale 26. sparrow 16. ostrich 27. starling 17. owl 28. stork 18. partridge (m.) 29. swallow 19. peacock 30. titmouse 20. penguin 31. turtle dove 21. pheasant 32. wood owl 22. pigeon 33. woodpecker 23. robin 34. wren 24. sea gull 35. vulture 25. skylark B. Translate the following words — Prevedi sledeče besede J1 f G___ forest, wood _ 0___ beaver __Z___ D badger weasel __N _ _ E___ deer (f.) stag I __2 _ I____ porcupine fox __V_____ ____A squirrel otter __L _ dormouse _ X___ skunk C. Choose the correct word — Izberi pravilno besedo 1. path a. jez 2. dawn b. sovražnik 3. glade , clearing c. nahrbtnik 4. dam 5. moder 5. wings d. jata ptic 6. thicket e. studenec 7. enemy f. deblo 8. nest g. zarja 9. hole, den h. korak 10. knapsack * i. rogovje 11. bill, beak .i. mrak 12. wise t blue k. gnezdo 13. stream, fountain 1. hujši 14. peace m. steza 15. trunk of a tree n. peruti 16. step 0. očiten 17. flock of birds T>. korenina 18. source r. hinavec 19. dusk s. zapuščen 20. deserted Š. jasa 21. worse t. vir 22. obvious, evident u. kljun 23. horns, antlers V. mir 24. hypocrite z. brlog • cm root S. goščava D. Translate into English — Prevedi v angleščino 1. Spomladi vse ozeleni. _ 2. Poleti Sito rumeni. _ 3. V gazdu Sivijo različne _ živali i srne, jeleni, losi, _ veverice, kune, ježi, vidre, _ polhi, zajčki, bobri, dihjirjij_ jazbeci in gozdne ptice. _ 4. Nekatere gozdne živali _ imajo svoj dom v drevesnih __________ duplinah. _ 5. Veverice in kune rade _ plezajo po drevju. _ 6. Noj je največji ptič, kolibri, pa najmanjši. _ 7. Kolibri je tudi edini ptič, _ ki zna leteti ritenski. 8. Veverice rade jejo želod, orehe in lešnike. 9. Sove spijo podnevi in bedijo ponoči. 10. Noj je zelo, do,ber tekač, ampak ne zna leteti. 11. Siničke, kraljiČki in sl^včki lepo pojo (pojejo). 12. VČasih opazimo v gozdu tudi šoje, kaline in Solne. 13» Pingvini ne morejo leteti, plavajo pa tako dobro kot ribe. 14. Kivi, noj iz Novozelandije, je edini ptič, ki nima peruti. 15. Majhni plamenci Se zapustijo svoja gnezda tri ali štiri ure po rojstvu. 16. Galabi Sivijo blizu jazer ali rek. 17. Pavi imajo krasno perje. 18. Orli živijo v skalovju visokih gora, kraljički in slavčki v nizkih grmovjih, škrjančki po njivah, lastovke pri hišahj race in gosi pa ob vodi. 19. S£iia je ena najlepših gozdnih Šivali. 20. Srnjak ima krasno rogovje, ki mu odpade vsako jesen. 21. Kanarček ima lepo rumeno perje. 22. SlavČek je najboljši gozdni pevec. 23. Dihur zelo smrdi. 24. Bgbri gradijo jezove z veliko natančnostjo in vztrajnostjo. 25. Lisica je zvita Šival. 26. Kanarček lepše po,je kot vrabec. 27. Ptice selivke se v jeseni selijo na jug. 28. Včasih se naveličam poslušati zabe, nikoli pa se ne naveličam poslušati žvrgo-lenje ptičk. 29. Lfivci greda na lov s praznimi nahrbtniki, vrnejo pa se s polnimi. 30. GolobČki včasih nosijo pošto. 31. Po orlih in sokalih se imenujejo telovadna društva. 32. Fazan ima krasno par je, jelen pa krasno rogavje. 33. Vaverica ima velik rep. 34. Na naSem dvorišču je mnogo vrabcev. 35. Netopir je pol miš in pol ptič. 36. Vsak ptiček si naredi gnezdo in vsaka družina si ustvari dom. 37- Daber prijatelj ni nikoli hinavski. 38. V Prekmarju so na dimnikih hi5 gnezda Štarkelj. 39. Polhi so dabri prijatelji veveric. 40. Otroci se podijo po igrišču _____________ in gugajo na gug§lnicah. _________-___ 41. Čebele in čmrl ji brnijo po _ travnikih in nabirajo med. _________________ 42. Jglen pelje žejne košute _ k studencu. _______________ 43. Po tej staži bojno prišli _ do jase. _________________ 44. Jažek se je hitro skril v _ svoj brlgg, ko je opazil ___________ lisico. 45. GlobaJco v gazdu je stara ___________ zapušSana lesena kača. _ E. Translate into Slovenian — prevedi v slovenščino 1. The hunter shot a moose and a fox. _______________ 2. Tom (Tomaž) caught two __________ pheasants. _ 3. The boy has a small _____________ parakeet. _____ 4. You must be home at dusk! ______________ 5. What do you have in your _ knapsack? _ 6. Yesterday we saw an owl in _____ the forest. _ 7. Flamingos and herons have ____ long legs. __ 8. Ostriches and penguins can't _ fly. ______ 9. The pigeons live in the _ cities. 10. You will find the seagulls only near the lakes or __ rivers. 11. Owls kill and eat skunks. ____________ -369- 12. Male birds sure usually prettier than the females. 13. The storks often return to the same nests year after year. 14. Do you see a beautiful fawn by the stream? 15- Did you ever see a dormouse? 16. Don't make fun of him! 17» Snails crawl on the ground. 18. He didn't come back yet. 19. I don't see anyone. 20. The eagles live high up in the rocks. 21. I like to listen to the twittering of the birds. 22. You can't always say yes; sometimes you must object. 23. He didn't say good-bye when he left. 24. Bring your friends along! 25. Foxes, weasels, squirrels, martens, beavers, skunks, porcupines and many birds live in the woods. 26. The farmer's house is empty and deserted. 27. A deer is my favorite animal. 28. Peacocks have gorgeous feathers. 29. I am fed up with everything., 30. From whom did you find this out? I found out from one of my friends. III. READING — BERILO Poletje Miško Kranjec Pomlad se poslavlja od nas. Na polje prihaja s širokimi koraki poletje. Žita hitro zorijo. Zelene pomladne barve bledijo. 2e jih zastre zlata barva pšenice in bledikasta rSi. Lan rumeni in prve konoplje cvetejo. Zvečgr in zjutraj se kličejo jerebice. Prepelica se še vgdno en^ko nemirno nečemu odzvanja. Po vrtovih se podijo jate škorcev. Kukavica, slavec, vsi so Se utihnili. Mislim, da teh Se ni več pri nas. Nobgnega veČ ne vidim. Slavcev se zgodaj polasti nemir in kukavica se je Se naveličala naših gozdov. Vrabci se v velikih jatah podijo od njive do njive. Ml^de štorklje se Se učijo letati. Vsak Čas bodo gnezda ostala prazna, zapuščena ... Read and translate the above reading — Beri in pre vedi zgorn.ie berilo IV. FABLE -- BASEN Krt — Modri .ian Dragotin Kette Nad zelenim travnikom je švigala sem ter tja lastovica in si lovila v zr^ku muh, mušie in dragih žuželk. Nato, zagleda po tleh lesti Črnega krta. "Ej, ti možipek črni!" mu reče prezirljivo, Hče bi bil tako pameten kot jaz, ne bi iskal Č£vov pod zemljo. Glej, kgliko jaz pomorim teh kmetovih sovražnikov, ki mu objadajo listje in sadje. Kaj dobiš tam v zemlji? Skoraj nič S" "Prav, prav," odgovori lastovki »odri krt, "ali tega mi vandarle ne m^reš oporekati, da so skriti in hinavski sovražniki hujši od zngnih in očitnih. In glej, takih iščem jaz. Da, oni so hujši, ker izpodjadajo same korenine, ki so vir Življenja." Kaj pa je hotela lastovica reči na ta odgovor? "Prav imaš, striČek!" je rekla in odletela. Read and translate the fable — Beri in prevedi basen Answer the following questions — Odfljovoyi na sledeča vprašanja Koga je zagledala lastovica na _ travniku? _ Kaj je lastovica lovila v zraku? _ Kaj išče krt pod zemljo? Kaj je krt odgovoril lastovici? Kaj so korenine? Kaj je lastovica odgovorila krtu? Kaj se lahko naučimo iz te basni? V. POEMS AND SONGS — PESNITVE IN PESMI Kos Narodna DgSeki "Zakaj ne poješ veČ kot prej, o j, ljubi, Č^ni kos, povej! Zakaj ne poješ več ljubo, tako ljubo, tako sladko? Kost "Lahka sem pel, ko bil sem sam Skrbi šez glavo zda3 imam. Pet kljunov v gnezdu mi zija* miru mladi rod ne da." Pomlad je! Glej, vse zeleni, življenja vse se veseli. Ti tudi si veselo pel, zakaj zdaj nisi veČ vesel?" Pesem o sinički Narodna Sinička se je usgdla gor na drobno vejico in je zapela vsa veselat eici-cicido,. Oj, kaj še poješ, ptička moja, pasem to lepa, ko pa še zima j zima kimat cici-cicida* Sinička se je zasmejala, rakla je tak£t "Pomlad s seboj sem pripeljala cici-cicid£." Veverica Oton Zupančič In veverica s smreke tam se norca delai "Kumek, kam?" če mores* pa ujemi me in"V torbi s sabo vzemi me I" A."Če tekel si za njo — ho, ho, ho, ho!" Po deblu gor »T . . 0 je sinila, med vajami izginila« in zdaj je tu in zdaj je^tam, a ti ne ves ne kod, ne kamS B Kukavica Narodna Slišala sem ptičko pet*, zapela je kukjij k'tera more nek1 to bit', ki poje tak1 lepo? To je gotovo kjikav9ca, je moj'ga'srca ljjibicai kuku, kuku, tako_ je kukala. Dekle p^slo je ovce, zač&lo zvezde štet7; rado b*lo bi zvedelo, kdaj bo treba umrgt'. Zglasila se je kukav'ca, prav žalostno je'kjikalai kuku, kuku, tako je kukala. Kaj te bom poslušala, za norca me ima?« sem te dost'krat slišala, kakšen glas imaš. A kukav*ca je kukala, na vajah se je gugalat kuku, kuku, tako je kukala. I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol sesalci (pl.) — plazilci (pl.) — dvoživci (pl.) — ptiči (pl.) ~ aligator bi zon bivol dinozaver gepard jaguar jak jazbec jelen severni jelen kenguru or kiokan or vrečar kit ~ --kostrun krokodil kuščar leopard lev los medved bali medved or — severni madved medvedek merjasec mravljinčar mrož ~ netopir niljski konj or — povedni konj noj nosorog orangutan pav pavi gin panter pingvin plamenec or flamingo slon |akal šimpanz tiger tjulenj volk mammals reptiles amphibians birds alligator bison buffalo dinosaur cheetah jaguar yak badger stag reindeer kangaroo whale ram crocodile lizard leopard lion elk, moose bear polar bear teddy bear wild hog , boar anteater walrus bat hippopotamus ostrich rhinoceros orangutan peacock baboon panther penguin flamingo elephant jackal chimpanzee tiger seal wolf zahodnoameriški yolk živalski vrt mladič samec kralj okel slonov rilec brlog kikiriki or ameriški lešnik gobec (gobček) del vhod breg otok rep sladkorcek šum priboljšek plen Feminine — Ženski spol ribe (pl.) žu&elke (pl.) — coyote — zoo — cub, baby animal — male (animal) — king — tusk — elephant's trunk t snout — burrow; den — peanut(s) — snout, mouth, muzzle — part, section — entrance — incline, slope — island -- tail — piece of candy — noise, buzz — goodie(s) — prey kopne živali antilopa gazela gorila kamela or velblod l§ma levinja kača koza opica panda srna srnica zebra ztTlva žirgfa samica fish(es) insects animals living on dry land antelope gazelle gorilla camel llama lioness snake goat monkey, ape panda deer fawn (female) zebra turtle, tortoise giraffe female (animal) zverina or zver griva brada puščava džungla kletka planjava primerjava grba skupina vj*sta — wild beast — mane — beard i chin — desert — jungle — cage; cell — plain(s), flat land — comparison — hump — group — kind, sort, set) row, line, turn, succession Neuter -- Sredn.ii spol blato — mud zanimanje — interest okrep5ilo — refreshment Adjectives -- Pridevniki izumrl, izumrla, izumrlo okoren, okarna, okorno or neroden, neredna, nerodno zabaven, zabavna, zabavno udomačen, udomačena, udomačeno -zagrajan, zagrajana, zagrajeno gibčen, gibčna, gibčno dolgokrak, dolgokraka, o kosat, košata* košato razigran, razigrana, o ogromen, ogromnaT ogromno divji, divja, divje zanimiv, zanimiva, zanimivo opičji, apičja, opičje naslednji, naslgdnja, naslednje-magjši, manjša, manjše vac ji, vacja, vgčje hitrejši, hitrejša, hitrejše počasen, počasna, počasno hiter, hitra, hitro or aren, urna, urno bojač, boječa, bojgče pogumen, pogumna, pogumno močan or močen, mgcna, močno zvit, zvita, zvito ~ strup an, strupena, strupano — • ponižen, ponižna, ponižno kratek, kratka, kratko preprost, preprasta, preprosto — napihnjen, napihnjena, o nejjmen, neumna, neumno pameten, pametna, pametno vstopnina izjema slaščica stojnica velikast perjiti or krila (n. pl.) celina or kontinent (m.) Azija Afrika Avstralija Evropa Jljžna Amarika Saverna Amgrika -Antarktika — admission fee — exception — sweet(s) — booth, stand — size — wings — continent — Asia — Africa — Australia — Europe South America North America Antarctica okrepČila (n. pl.) — refreshments - extinct - clumsy, awkward - entertaining, amusing, funny - tame, domesticated - fenced in, enclosed - brisk, flexible, mobile - long-legged - bushy - playful, lively, full of energy - huge, enormous - wild, savage, brutal - interesting - monkey's - following, subsequent - smaller - bigger ■ faster - slow ■ quick, fast, swift • timid, shy, fearful ■ brave, courageous, bold ■ strong, robust, vigorous ■ sly, shrewd, cunning, crafty ■ poisonousi sarcastic, bitter ■ humble • meek, gentle, mild • simple, plain ■ puffed up, conceited • stupid ■ smart, clever, intelligent 376- siten, s^tna, sitno zmeden, zmedena, zmedeno progast, progasta, prggasto afriški, afriS^a» afriško azijski, azijska, azijsko avstralski, avstralska, o kanadski, kanadska, kanadsko evropski, evropska, evropsko sgvernoam^riški, a, o južnoameriški, a, o zapaden, zapadna, zapadno vzhoden, vzhodna, vzhodno južen, j^žna, južno severen, severna, severno podoben, podobna, podobno Verbs — Glagoli obljubiti vstopiti vrači metati spraviti stran odstraniti opaziti opazovati naročiti okrepčati se skočiti skakati loviti uloviti or ujeti čuditi se or načuditi se razširiti prezimovati odgovoriti dodati odprgti odpirati zaprgti zapirati pridirjati pustiti tolažiti zamuditi ustaviti planiti odhajati obljubim) vstopim) vržem) mečem) spravim ...) odstranim) opazim) opazujem) naročim) okrepčam se) skočim) skačem) lovim) ulovim or u jasnem) čudim se or naČudim se) razširim) prezimujem) odgovorim) dodam) odprem) odpiram) zaprem) zapiram) pridirjam) pustim) tolažim) zamudim) ustavim) planim) odhajam) annoying, bothersome puzzled, confused, bewildered striped African Asian Australian Canadian European North American South American west, western east, eastern south, southern north, northern similar to, like to promise to enter, to come in to throw to keep on throwing to get away to remove to notice to watch, to observe to order to refresh oneself to jump to jump on and on to chase, to hunt, to try to catch to catch (I promise) (I enter) (I throw) (I (I (I (I (I (I (I (I (I (I ...) remove ) notice) watch) order) refresh) jump) jump ...) chase) (I catch) (I wonder at) to wonder at, to be amazed to extend, to widen, (I extend) to enlarge, to spread to pass the winteri to hibernate to answer (I answer) to add, to supplement(I add) to open (I open) to keep on opening (I ...) to close to keep on closing to come galloping to leave, to allow, to let, to permit to console, to comfort (I console) to miss, to be late for (I miss) to stop, to discontinue (I stop) to rush, to leap (I rush) to depart, to be leaving (I ...) (I close) (I ...) (I come ...) (I leave) plaziti se or lesti plezati plezati po drevju napasti tuliti hraniti (plazim se) (ležem) (plezam) (plezam ... (nap£dem) (tjjlira) (hranim) ) -- hraniti se (hranim se) Other words — Druge besede ~ to creep, to crawl (I creep) ~ to climb, to climb up (I climb) — to climb trees (I -- to attack, to charge (I attack) — to howl, to roar (I howl) — to feed, to nourish; (I feed) to save, to economize -- to feed on, to eat (I feed on) zaspano končno tezk£ ravno ravno prav kot na primer pred leti cisto sleepily finally with difficulty just, exactly just right as for example years ago completely, entirely, quite največ nemogoče stran" šele sploh ne cisto blizu -prehitro tja - mostly, the most - impossible - away; off - only, just not at all very near too fast (quickly) there; that way na desni strani na levi strani od vseh strani čisto na drjigem koncu na poti or gredoč" na pati domov različne vrste vse vrste tik poleg or tik zraven čez pol jire zastonj ravno ob pravem času ob priliki ob prvi priliki Evervdav expressions — Vsakdanii izrazi Hitro mine čas. Ob prvi priliki ti bom vrnil(a) knjigo. Nismo se mogli načudrti. Ne morem se načuditi. Nisem vajen toliko jesti. Ona ni vajena toliko~hoditi. on the right side on the left side from all sides way on the other side on the way on the way home various (different) kinds of all kinds of just next to in half an hour in vain, for nothing} free of charge just in time; just at the right time at some time; when an opportunity arises; when one gets a chance at the first opportunity NiČ zatfl! Saj smo komaj prišli! Se tja pojdimo! Pusti me pri miru! Zastonj smo čakali. Ne meči (mečite) smeti P° tleh! - Time passes quickly. - I'll return the book as soon as I get a chance. — We couldn't get over it. — I can't get over it. — X am not used to eating so much. — She isn't used to walking so much. — It doesn't matter! — We just came! — Let's go there also! — Leave me alone! — We waited in vain (for nothing). — Don't throw the rubbish on the -378- floor- A. II. EXERCISES — VAJE Translate the following words — Prevedi sledeče "besede T____ tiger 0____ monkey S___ deer __0 walrus __s____ rhinoceros _ E__ bear S___ elephant _ A____ camel L__ lion C badger _ I___ buffalo B. Choose the correct word — Izberi -pravilno besedo 1. interesting a. zvit 2. bushy b. pogumen 3. clumsy c. napihnjen 4. quick, fast 5. preprost 5. timid d. neumen 6. slow e. divji 7. western f. pameten 8. strong g. ogromen 9. brave h. ponižen 10. poisonous i. večji 11. fenced in j. udomačen 12. sly, cunning k. vzhoden 13. humble 1. južen 14. meek m. zap&den 15. huge, enormous n. zanimiv 16. simple 0. neroden, okoren 17. smaller P. koŠ^t 18. puffed up, conceited r. boječ 19. bigger 20. eastern 21. southern 22. smart, clever 23. stupid 24. domesticated 25. wild s. počasen S. krotek t. moSen (močan) u. uren, hiter v. manjši z. strupen 5. zagrajen C. Read and study the following comparisons with the animals— Beri in nauči se nasledn.ie primer.iave z živalmi 1. priden kakor čebela (mravlja) — diligent as a bee (an ant) 2. počasen kot polž 3* neroden kakor slon 4. siten kot muha 5« neumen kakor £sel 6. zdrav kot riba 7« boječ kakor zajec 8. pogumen kakor lev 9- napihnjen kakor žaba 10. reven kot cerkvena miš 11. močan kakor madved 12. strupen kot kača 13* uren kot srna 14. ponižen kot ovca or krotek kot jagnje 15. zmaden kakor tele pred novimi vrati 16. rdeč kot kjihan rak 17. zvit kot lisica 18. preprost kakor golob 19. poje kot slavček 20. dala kot konj 21. smrdi dihur 22. spi kakor polh 23. krade kot sraka 24. se postavlja kot pet£lin na gnoju — slow as a snail — clumsy as an elephant — annoying like a fly — stupid as a donkey — healthy as a fish — timid as a rabbit — brave as a lion — puffed up (conceited) as a frog — poor as a church mouse — strong as a bear — bitter (poisonous) as a snake — swift as a deer — humble as a lamb — meek as a lamb — confused as a calf in front of a strange door — red like a cooked lobster — sly as a fox — simple as a dove — sings like a nightingale — works like a horse — stinks like a skunk — sleeps like a dormouse — steals like a magpie — is showing off like a rooster -380- on a P^6 manure D. Translate the following verb forms — Prevedi sledeče glagolne oblike si obljubil ___________ sem vrgel _ je skočil ________ bomo zamudili _ rad pleza _ mečejo _ nisem opazil _ me je potolažil __________ skačejo _ se je čudila se hranijo _ ni pustila _ Odprite! _ Pojdi strani _________ boš zamudil _________ Ali lahko odpreš? Nisem mogel zaprati. Ne smeŠ metati po tlehI Smo se okrepčali. Zamudili smo avtobus. Ne moremo ga potolažiti. Pusti me pri miruI Nisem ji še odgovoril. Ne morem obljubiti. Niso nam pustili plačati. Kdo je splezal na to drevo? Ustavite Be pri nas! Nob&den ne bo opazil. Kaj boš naročil? To hočem še dodati. Nic nisi zamudil. Otroci radi skačejo. Kdo je ujel žogo? Kdo bo zaprl vrata? so vstopili ne bom odprl je dodala ne pustijo se plazi Skoči! bom odgovoril (a), rab bi naročil , je napadel so odgovorili odprejo ste zamudili Odgovori! ne odgovorite je razširil E. Translate the following sentences into English ™ Prevedi sledeče stavke v angleščino 1. Lev je kralj Šivali. Okrog __ vratji ima dolgo grivo. _ 2. Volkovi največkrat napadejo _______ lose. __ 3. Gorile Šivajo v afriških ____ džunglah. Hranijo se največ _ s sadjem in listjem. _______ 4. žirafe imajo zelo dolge __i______ vratove. 5. Lavi in leopardi so veliki __ sovražniki žiraf. ___ 6. Zirafe so nerodne, ampak ________ zelo urne živali. ____ 7« Lev je zelo močna zver. 8. Arabske kamele imajo eno ____ g£bo, azijske pa dve. __ 9. V Afriki in Arabiji so velike __ puščave. 10. Medvedi (medvadje) prezimu.ie.io __ v svojih brlogih. __ 11. Jazbeci jedo zajce, kače, __ podgane in žuželke. 12. AmariŠki bizoni se imenujejo __ bivoli. Čeprav jih je bilo____ pred leti v Severni Ameriki _ na milijone, je sedaj samo še ___ nakaj majhnih čred v državah __ Wyoming in Colorado. 13. Tigri radi živijo in lovijo _ s§mi, ne v skupinah. __ 14. Tigri jedo s^ne, divje govedo __ in tudi mlade slone. __ 15» Simp§nzi živijo v majhnih sku-______ pinah v gozdovih zapadne Afrike. -382- 16. Simpanzi se hranijo največ z orehi, sadjem in različnimi jagodami. 17. Od vseh opic so simpanzi najpametnejši. 18. Pavlini, žirafe in zahre Šivajo v skupjjiah po afriških, planjavah. 19. Pavigjii se hranijo najvač s kuščarji, žuželkami in koreninami. 20. Netopir je edjpi sesalec, ki zna leteti. 21. T^di udomačeni medvadi so lahka nevarni. 22. Gepardi so drvje mačke pod£bni leopardom. 23. Od vseh živali so gepardi najhitrejši tekači. 24. Krokodili živijo ob močvirjih, v zela vročih krajih. 25. Slon ima dolg rilec namasto nosu. 26. Mravljinčar se hrani z mravljami. 27. Srne se hranijo s travo in drugimi rastlinami. 28. Sloni živijo v Afriki in južni Aziji. 29. Afriški sion je največja kopna žival. 30. Čeprav so gorile zela močne, niso taka nevarne kot divje mačke. 31. Sloni se hranijo najvač z listjem. 32. Gepardi r^di lovijo gazele. _ 33« Severni jeleni jed£ travo _ poleti, pozimi pa mah. __ 34. Čeprav gazele zelo hitro tečejo, jih gepardi lahko _ ulovijo. 35. Kenguruji živijo v Avstralijij_ Imajo velik košat rep; samice. . imajo spredaj vrečo, v kate- _ ri nosijo svoje mladiče. _ 36. Leopardi Šiviljo sami zase _ v afriških in azijskih _ džunglah. _ 37. Levi so edine divje mačke, ki rade živijo v skupinah. ___ 38. Levi jed<£ vse y£ste živali „ razen slonov, nosorogov in _ povodnih konj. _ 39. Največ živali pomori levinja,_ medtem ko lev mnogokrat samo._ tuli. _ 40. Orangutani živijo v majhnih _ skupinah v džunglah na otokih_ Borneo in Sumatra. _ 41. Beli medvedi, severni jeleni _ in mroži živijo v zelo mrzlih_ krajih. _ 42. Sesalci živijo v vročih, _ tropičnih džunglah, pa tudi .. v mrzlih severnih gozdovih. _ 43. Kače, želve, kuščarji, aligatorji in krokodili so _ plazilci. ^^ 44. Šakali so divji psi, manjši _ od volkov, ki živijo v &fri- _ ki in severni Aziji. _ -384- 45» Dinoza^i 80 izumile živali. 46. V živalskem vrtu si lahko. , ogledamo žive Živali iz _ _ _ vsega sveta« - 47. Plamenci in Sapi je so _________ dolgokrake ptice. _ 48. Kamele Živijo v puščavi. „ Vec dni lahko, živijo brez .. vade. _ 49. Jak je vrsta azijskega _ goveda, ki živi v Tibetu. ., 50. £Li ste vedeli, da je na . svetu več kot 800,000 različnih vrst žuželk, vec _ kot 30,000 vrst rib in samo _________________________ okrog 5,000 različnih vrst _ sesalcev? F. Translate the following sentences into Slovenian — Prevedi sledeče stavke v slovenščino 1. This is impossible. ______________________ 2. Everything is free (of charge). 3. We came for nothing (in vain). 4. They will close the zoo in _ half an hour. _ 5« I'll stop at the store on _. the way home. i 6. We couldn't console her. 7. The teddy bear is Annie's ______________________ (£nckina) favorite toy. _ She always sleeps with the _ teddy bear. __________________ 8. I completely forgot to _ stop at the drug store. i 9. Who threw the ball into the _ window? i 10. The wild cats must be in the cages at the zoo. 11. Monkeys like to climb trees. 12. Many mammals live in the African and Asian jungles. 13. The Sahara Desert is in the northern part of Africa. 14. Coyotes are wolves of western America. 15. Some animals hibernate. 16. Buffalos are American bisons. 17. The seven continents of the world are* Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia and Antarctica. 18. Asia is the largest continents 19. Cheetahs are faster than gazelles. 20. Many Slovenians also live in North America, South America, and Australia. 21. There are many kinds of animals 1 mammals, reptiles, amphibians, birds, fishes, and insects. 22. Llamas live in South America. They aire similar to the camels but they don't have the humps. 23. We removed all the furniture, from the room. 24. Don't throw the papers on the floor! 25. We widened our living room. 26. It doesn't matter. 27. I am not used to eating so much. 28. We can't get over it. 29. Let's go there! 30. When do they open the stores? III. BERILO -- READING V živalskem vrtu Smrekarjevi otroci so bili, zelo, veseli, ko jim je £cka obljubil, da bodo šli naslednji dan v živalski vrt. Zjutraj so zgodaj vstali in se takoj po zajtrku odpeljali v živalski vrt, ki je na zap^dni strani mesta. Pri vhodu so pljicali vstopnino in vstopili. Najprej so si ogledali vse živali v kletkah. V prvi kletki je bila ogromna orna gorela. V drugi kletki so vedeli leva in levinjo, ki se je igrala s svojimi mladici; v naslednjih klatkah pa so bila razne divje mačke, kot tigri, leopardi, jaguarji in gepardi. Iz zadnje klatke je pa prav zaspano gledal mravljinčar. Tudi šimpanze in orangutane so dolgo z velikim vesaljem opazovali. Potem so Sli k otoku, kjer so se igrale opice vseh velikosti. Bila so zelo razigrane. Otroci so jih hranili s kikirikijem in z bananami. Cisto blizu opičjega otoka so se pasle na zagrajenem pašniku različne živali« lepe progaste zebre, kamele ali velblodi, lame, jaki, zirafe in sloni. Martinčku so najbolj ugajale žir^Te. Mojca, Milica in Tanja so pa pridno hranile slone s slaščicami. Deklice so vadele, da imajo sloni poleg kikirikija tudi zelo radi slaščice, čeprav te niso najboljše za njihovo dieto. "Pa naj bo za danes izjema," je rekla Majca in zopet v£gla slončku sladkorček. Slon ga je s svajim gibčnim rilcem spratno našel v usta. fička in mamica sta otroke težko spravila stran od slonov. V živalskem V£tu tako hitro mine čas, da so otroci čisto pozabili na hrano in pijačo. Sela ko so opazili stojnico za okrepčila, so se spojnnili, da še niso jadli kosila. Ustavili so se pri stojnici in naročili hranovke, oranzado in sladoled. Ko so se malo okrepčali so si hotali ogladati še dragi del živalskega v£ta. Takoj na desni so videli tjjilnje, kako so skakali iz vade in lovili ribice, ki so jim jih otroci metali od vseh strani. Tik poleg pa so bili manjši zagrajeni bazani, v katarih so bili niljski konji, nosorogi in kiti. "Medvadov še nismo videli," je žalostno rakla Milica. "Ti so čisto na dragem koncu Živalskega v£ta," ji je odgovoril ačka. "NiČ za to," je rakla Tanja, "saj smo vajeni veliko hoditi. Se tja pojdimo!" GredoČ so videli še mnogo drugih Šivali t kot na primer kenguruje, noje, pave, čaplje in dr^ge ptice. Na bregovih pa so se pasle s£ne, srriice, k£ze, jelani, koštruni in losi. Martinček je prvi opazil dva krokodila in želve, ki so se plazile po tleh tik poleg ograje. Mojca se pa ni m^gla načuditi -388- noju, ki je ravno razširil svoje peruti. Tudi plamenee so srečali na poti do medvedov. Kaklno veselje je bilo, ko so končno prišli, tja! Beli medvedi so bili. še posebno zanimivi. Kar naprej so odpirali gobčke in ijpali, da bodo dobili še kakšen priboljŠek od otrok. "Pozno je že," je rekla mamica. "Cez pol jire bodo živalski vrt Se zap£li. Mo.rali se bomo posloviti od medvedov." "Nemogoče! Saj smo komaj prišli!" je rekla Mojca. "V živalskem v£tu čas prehitro mine," je še dodala Tanja. "Dapes ste se pa res veliko naučili o Živalih, ali ne?" je vprašal (ička, ko so odhajali. "Seveda," je rekla Milica, "ampak kmalu se bomo morali vrniti. Nismo imgli dovolj časa, da bi si ogledali vse živali. Nekaterih, kot na primer volkov, bizonov, bivolov in pingvinov sploh nismo videli i" "Prav imaŠ," je odgovoril o$ka. "Ce bo.ste pridni, bomo ob priliki spet obiskali živalski vrt." Read and translate the reading — Beri in prevedi berilo Answer the following questions — Odgovori na sledeča vpraSan.ia 1. Kaj je očka obljubil ____________________________ Smrekarjevim otrokom? n 2. Kje je živalski vrt? _ 3» Kaj je Smrekar jeva družina _ naredila pri vhodu? _ Katere živali so si otroci ____________________________ najprej ogledali? _________________________ 5. NaŠtej nekaj divjih mački __________«__________________ 6. Katere živali so dolgo opazo-.. vali z velikim zanimanjem? _ 7. S čim so otroci hranili _ opice? _ 8. Kakšne so bile opice? _ 9. Katere živali so se pasle _ na zagrajenem pašniku? _ -389- 10. Katgre Šivali so najbolj ugajale Martinčku? 11. S čim so deklice hranile slone? 12. Na kaj so otroci čisto pozabili? 13. Kaj so si naročili pri stojnici za okrepčila? 14. Kaj so delali tjulnji? 15. Katere Šivali so bile v manjših zagrajenih bazenih? 16. Katere Šivali so bila čisto na drugem koncu živalskega vjrta? 17. Katare Šivali so videli na poti do medvedov? 18. Katere Šivali so se pasle na bregovih? 19. Koga je Martinček prvi opazil? 20. Kamu se Mojca ni mogla načuditi? 21. Katari medvadi so bili otrokom najbolj všeč? 22. Zakaj se morajo posloviti od medvedov? 23. Zakaj se bodo morali otroci spet kmalu vrniti v Sivalski vrt? 24. Katerih Šivali niso videli? 25. Kaj jim je o,čka obljubil? 27. 28. 29. 30. 41i je v vašem mestu tudi Živalski vrt? Kdaj si bil zadnjič v živalskem vrtu? Naštej nekatere živali t ki so v vašem živalskem vjrtu! Katero žival imaš najrajši? Katera žival ti je najmanj všec? IV. POEM -- PESNITEV Volk, jelen in za.iec Josip Stritar Volk vidi pod giroom zajca, ki spi, kosila dobrega se veseli. Kar jelen pridirja. Tega ne pustim, volk misli in hitro plane za njim. Zastonj! Hitrejši je jelen. ~ E, kaj? tolaži se volk, pa pojdimo nazaj* Jed debra je zajec še za ljudi. — Ko pride na mesto — zajca ni. Sum, ko sta tekla, ga je zbudili Tako je volk kosilo zamudil. I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol nagrajenec razvoj slap• slapovi Niagarski slapovi turistični urad Marski svet streljaj poman ustanovitelj predsadnik upravitelj ravnatelj rojak živalski krotilec trener obiskovalec vinogradnik začetek cirkus nastop list poklic poljski delavec pristaniški delavec uslužbenec varivec preddelavec absolvent Feminine — genski spol tačka izletniška tačka meja Štajerska Švica graduacija služba or delo (n.) nalaga; domača naloga predstava tv£dka privlačnost pomoč absolventka veselica vinarska šola krona — recipient of an award — development, growth, evolution -- fall, falls — Niagra Falls — travel bureau, tourist bureau — Sea World; Marineland — reach of a (gun) shot; shot, range — significance, meaning, importance — founder, establisher — president — director, manager — principal, head-master — fellow countryman, compatriot — animal tamer — trainer, coach — visitor; customer — viticulturist, wine grower — beginning — circus — appearance; program — leaf; journal, paper, sheet — profession, vocation, calling — farm hand; field laborer — longshoreman — employee — welder — foreman — graduate — point, dot, spot; item — tourist spot (attraction) — border, boundary, frontier — Styria, region of Slovenia lying east of Carniola — Switzerland — graduation — job, employment — task, duty, exercise; homework — performance, show — firm — attraction — help, aid — female graduate — festival, merry-making — school of viticulture — crown Neuter — Sredn.ii spol poročilo finančno sredstvo ravnateljstvo podjetje pristanišče Ad.iectives — Pridevniki privlačen, privlačna, o or prikupen, prikgpna, prikupno pristaniški, pristaniška, o družinski, družinska, o Živalski, živalska, živalsko turistični, turistična, o fotreben, potrebna, potrebno iren or Širni7 širna, širno devetnajstleten, tna, tno vinarski, vinarska, vinarsko oddaljen, oddaljena, oddaljeno - zaposlen, zaposlena, zaposleno -cel, cala, celo ~ izšolan, izšolana, izšolano skramen, skromna, skromno čudovit, čudovita, čudovito jeklen, jeklena, jeklano največji, največ j a, največje najmanjši, najmanjša, naJmanjŠe- Verbs — Glagoli predstaviti (predstavim) report, account, information financial means management; directorship establishment, enterprise harbor, port — attractive, pleasing, alluring — of the port, of the harbor — of the family, family's — animal's — tourist's, pertaining to tourism — necessary, needed; needy, indigent — wide, spacious, ample, extended — nineteen-year old — pertaining to wine and viticulture — distant, far, remote, out of the way — employed; occupied, busy — whole, entire — educated — modest, unpretentious — wonderful, marvelous steel, made of steel the biggest, the largest the smallest pritegniti trenirati strenirati slediti naprositi or prositi nastopiti izpeljati odločiti odločiti se naseliti se organizirati priskrbati priskrbeti si prihraniti obupati zaslužiti (pritegnem) (treniram) (streniram) (sledim) (naprasim or prasim) (nastopim) (izpeljem) (odloČim) (odločim se) (naselim se) (organiziram) (priskrbim) (priskrbim si) (prihranim) (obupam) (zasluzim) — to introduce, to present (I — to attract, to draw (I — to train, to coach (I — to have been coaching (I — to follow, to succeed, (I to trace, to track — to ask, to request. (X ask) to beg — to perform, to appear (I • • • / — to carry out, to execute (I •«■) to decide (I • * • / — to make up one's mind (I • • •) -- to settle, (I •»• / to establish one's residence — to organize (I • • •) — to procure, to provide (I • • •) -- to find for oneself, (I • • • / to procure for oneself « to save, to reserve (I save) -- to despair, to give up (I ...) -- to earn (I earn) -393- (prištevam) — (zrasem or zrastem) (varim pivo) -■ (varjTm železo)-(zvarim) (sem mnenja/ — (absolviram) — (diplomiram) — (končan ...) — prištevati zrastT variti pivo variti železo zvariti biti mnenja absolvirati diplomirati konS^ti študij Other word^ — Druge besede celo. le prav or zelo kajti takoj ko medtem ko uspešno upravičeno na kratko za stalno začasno po nočeh tolikokrat s~pomočjo angleško" pri priči odlično nekoč takrat enostavno marsikdo samo. za en streljaj stran v sili; v hjidi sili s silo Ni sile. fo mojem mnenju e posebnega pomena na Stajarskem to add to (I add to) to grow up, (I grow up) to grow into to brew (I brew) to weld (I weld) to weld together (I weld ...) to be of the opinion,(I am to have a point of view to graduate (I graduate) to get one's degree (I get ...) to complete one's studies (I...) — even — just, only — very — for — as soon as — while — successfully — legitimately, rightfully — briefly, in short — permanently — temporarily — at nights — so often, so many times — with the help of — English (adverb) — on the spot, instantly — excellently, perfectly — once, at one time; once upon a time, formerly — then, at that time — simply — many a person, many — only a step away (literally* only one reach of a shot gun away) — in need; in dire need — with force — no hurry; it's not too bad — in my opinion — even of special significance — in Styria Everyday expressions -- Vsakdan.ii izrazi Marsikdo je tgga mnenja. To je samo moje mnenje. Povedali nam je svoje mnenje. Vsi vabljeni! Vsi ste vabljeni! — Many people think this way. — This is only my opinion. ■- He gave us his point of view. — Everyone invited! — You are all invited! II. READING -- BERILO Slovenec Janez Holer — nagrajenec za razvoj Niagara Falls* Med najbolj privlačne izletniške točke na svetu upravičeno prištgvamo Niagara Falls na ameriško-kanadski meji. Po poročilih turističnih uradov sta dve največji privlačnosti tega kraja Niagarski slapovi in pa Merski svet z živalskim parkom, ki je oddaljen le za streljaj od slapov. Marsikdo je mnenja, da je ta Morski svet z živalskim parkom največja družinska turistična privlačnost v vsej Kanadi. Za nas Slovence je ta Mgrski svet še prav posebnega pomena, kajti njegov ustanovitelj in predsednik je gospod Janez (ali John) Holer, naš slovenski rojak. V drugih knjigah Slovenskega ameriškega inštituta vam bgrno — tak£j ko bomo imeli za to čas in potrebna finančna sredstva — predstavili slovenske uspehe po vsem širnem svetu. Danes pa vam naj na kratko predstavimo gosp£da Janeza Holerja, Janez Holer se je rodil na Štajerskem v Sloveniji. Kot devetnajstleten fant je uspešno končal vinarsko šolo. Kmalu po graduaciji je obiskal svojega strica v Švici. Stric je bil zaposlen v Zurichu kot živalski krotilec ali trener. Mladega obiskovalca Janeza je stričevo delo z živalmi tako pritegnilo, da je ostgl pri stricu celih šest mesecev, NekoČ je Janez peljal dva tjjilnja, ki jih je bil streniral njegov stric, v cirkus Krona — takrat največji evropski cirkus. Kmalu je sledil nastop s tjulnji, a Kronin uslužbenec enostavno ni prišel v službo. V sili je ravnateljstvo cirkusa naprosilo gospoda Holerja, naj bi on nastopil s tjjilnji. Naš Janez je to nalogo odlično izpeljal in potgm kar dve leti nastopal pri Kroni. Lata 1958. je prišel Cirkus Krona v Ameriko in Jgnez je s svojimi tjulnji nastopal v New Yorku, Philadelphiji, Bostonu in *We gratefully acknowledge our indebtedness to Professor Rudolph Cujes who had sent to the Slovenian Research Center of America the first lead on Mr. John Holer and thus enabled Professor Edward Gobetz to do further research on Mr. Holer's accomplishments. tudi v Torontu, Kanadi. Toronta je obiskal Niagara Falls Marineland and Game Farm Welcomes Yofl NIAGARA FALLS, CANAOA John Holer, founder of Marineland and Game Farm oxtends a special personal Invitation to you 10 visit with him and his animal friends. "1 am oxtremoly proud of our operation and slncorofy foal that you and your children will find it fascinating, oxcitfrtg and educational. It has always been my desire to bring children and sflf-mals together in a natural setting This is the basis on which Marineland and Gamo Farm Is carefully developed. Here,.people and animals mingle happily together throughout our largo 75 acre tree covered park area. Even our marine shows in tho 2,000 seat auditorium, where dolphins and sua lions perform their heart warming antics, ara aimed at the children; as is our frash -watat fish aquarium and alligator pond At Marineland and Game Farm we're always expanding, adding more attractions. No matter how often you come, there's atw«vi something new to see. One admission fee covers all attractions. Please come and visit with us. You're assured of a warm and1 friendly welcome." ^o/utJhUt Mtaprei RoOte John Holer, recipient of the Progressive Development Award, 1971 in se pri prjjSi odločil, da se bo tam neko5 za stalno naselil in organiziral razne predstave z Šivalni. -396- Kot izšolan vinogradnik si je pri n£ki tv^dki priskrbal dglo v tem poklicu, a ga je taka j izgubil, ker ni znal anglaško. A Jgpez ni obupal. Postal je poljski delavec in zaslužil po dva dolarja na dan, po nočah pa se je pridno učil angleško. Pota® je dalal kot pristaniški dalavec, kjer je kmalu postal varivec in preddalavec. In ko je lata 1961. prihranil dva tisoč dolarjev, je sam zvaril dva jeklana bazana in začal s svojimi pgvimi predstavami v Niagara Palls — s pomočjo treh tjjjlnjev in dveh priklopnih deklat. To je bil zacatek. In iz tega skromnega začetka je zrasel čudovit Morski svet z živalskim parkom, ana največjih turističnih privlačnosti v Kanadi, ali kot so tolikokrat pisali kanadski Usti v angleščini« "Niagara Falls Marineland and Game Farm — Canada*s most popular family attraction." Read and translate the reading — Beri in prevedi berilo Answer the following questions — Odgovori na sledeča vprašania 1. Kje so Niagarski slapovi? ____________ 2. Katara izletniška tačka je _____ poleg Niagarskih slapgy ______ najvačja turistična privlačnost v vsej Kanadi? _____________________»________ 3. Zakaj je za nas Slovence ——______„_______________ Marski svet še p ošabnega______ pomena? _____________ Kje se je rodil Janez Holer? _____ 5. Kakšno šalo je uspešno končal? ______ 6. Kam je Šel kot devetnajst- _________ leten fant? 7. Kaj je bil njegav stric po_________ poklicu? _________ 8. Kaliko časa je Janez ostal ____ pri stricu? ______ 9. Kam je Janez nekiyc)l krokodil rogovi sedež ob^sk um meter palček škrat princ kralj zrak (pl.) - whale seal dolphin shark sea-urchin sea-horse sole tadpole crab catfish perch carp herring lobster aquarium fruit, fruits tourist bear small bear, teddy bear male deer roe-buck little donkey buffalo crocodile horns, antlers seat visit intellect, mind metric measure equal to 39.37 inches dwarf; wren goblin prince king air Neuter — Srednji spol veselje — joy, delight površje or — surface površjna (f.) sredisče — center gledališče — theater morsko — seashore, obrežje seacoast riba zlata ribica pliskavica r^kovica jegulja scuka garnela postrv polenovka ostriga školjka morska školjka — morska zvezda — meduza koza kožica srna srnica množica struga sreča skala divjina zbirka podjatnost iznajdljivost — pozornost Sneguljčica Pepelka Rdeča Kapica Trnjulčica vila pravljica poveštica zgjodba slikanica risanka smaŠnica or šala čarovnica princasa fish goldfish porpoise crayfish eel pike shrimp trout codfish oyster clam sea shell starfish jellyfish goat young goat, kid deer, roe female fawn crowd, throng channel, river bed happiness, luck rock wilderness collection business spirit, know-how ingenuity, inventiveness — attention — Snow White — Cinderella — The Little Red Ridinghood — The Sleeping Beauty — fairy — fairy tale — little story — story, tale — picture book — animated film; drawing book — funny anecdote, joke — witch — princess Feminine — Ženski spol kraljica lutka" predstava z lutkami predstava z živalmi naravne lepote (pl. kopne živali (pl. morske živali (pl. vodne živali (pl. morske rastline or (pl. alge " (pl. vodne ptice (pl. vodene barvice (pl. plavuti (pl. Adjectives — Pridevniki trd, trda, trdo iznajdljiv, Iznajdljiva, o podjetenT podjetna, podjetno pozoren, požarna, pozorno pretiran, pretirana, pretirano ■ nevaren, nevarna, nevarno varen, varna, varno ~ zahoden, zahodna, zahodno domač, domača, domače" mogočen, mogočna, mogočno tisočglav, tisocglavaT o voden, vodna, vodno voden, vodena, vodano bister, bistra, bistro različen,"različna, različno vsakovrsten, vsakovrstna, o navdušen, navdašena7 navdušeno ■ ponosen, ponosna, ponosno speljan, speljana, speljano poučen, poučena, poučeno otroški, otroška, otroško priljubljen, priljubljena, o natranji, notranjaT notranje zunanji, zunanja, zunanje najmodernejši, najmode[rnejša, e vis ji,"višja, višje " najvišji,wnajvis^a, najvišje nižji^ nižja, nižje najnižji, najnižja, najnižje zadnji, zadnja, zadnje poučen, poučna, poučno daljši, daljša, daljše queen puppet puppet show animal show natural beauties animals living on dry land sea animals aquatic animals sea weeds or algae aquatic birds, water fowl water colors gills hard, stiff, solid ingenious, inventive enterprising, speculative attentive, mindful of exaggerated, excessive dangerous safe west, western home-like, domestic, familiar mighty, powerful, very great of thousand heads water, aquatic, hydraulic watery; dull, insipid bright, clever; clear dissimilar, various, several of all kinds, of all sorts enthusiastic, inspired by proud drawn, connected informed of, acquainted with child's, children's well liked, popular inside, internal outside, external the most modern higher the highest lower the lowest last educational, instructive — longer Other words — Druge besede bežno drug za drugim drug drugemu; druga drugi na vzhodnem delu nedaleč stran"* dan za dnem nadvse, na tisoče sredi, na sredi marsikje marsikaj marsikdaj preko kar (adverb) kar (relative pronoun) odkar zdi se ... za salo brez šale vso šalo stran Verbs — Glagoli spoznati (spoznam) razprostirati se (razprostiram )-sprehajati se (sprehajam se) - božati božati živali manjkati vrstiti se šaliti se pretiravati nastopati (božam) (b£Žam ...) (manjkam) (vrstim se) (šalim se) (pretiravam) (nastopam) in passing, superficially ; quickly one after another to (for) each other in the eastern section (part) not far away day after day extremely; above all by the thousands; thousands of in the middle of in many places, in many a place many a thing, many things many a time, many times beyond, over, across just, simply which, that, what since it seems; it appears for fun, as a joke seriously, without joking all joking aside to get to know, (I ,,,) to make one's acquaintance, to recognize to stretch, (I ,,,) to spread out, to extend to walk, to stroll, (I walk) to promenade to fondle, to caress (I fondle) to pet the animals (i ...) to miss, to lack, (I miss) to be missing, to be lacking to take turns, (I .,,) to alternate, to follow one another to joke, to kid, (I joke) to tell jokes, to be kidding to exaggerate (I ..,) to appear, to perform (I ...) Everyday expressions ~ Vsakdan.ii izrazi To je trd oreh. On se rad šali. Bila je samo šala. Kdo^manjka?- _ Nihče ne manjka. Nic nam ne manjka. še tega se manjka! Ta knjiga me je zelo navdušila.— This is a hard nut (to crack). He likes to kid around. It was only a joke. Who is missing? Noone is missing. We don't lack (need) anything. That's all I (we) need (yet)! This book inspired me very much. II. EXERCISES — VAJE A. Translate the following words — Prevedi sledeče besede M 0 R S K 1 shark clam, shell crab lobster pike oyster S________perch V trout E ____shrimp T whale B. Choose the correct word — Izberi pravo besedo 1. educational 2. higher 3. of all kinds 4. aquatic 5» ingenious 6. hard, stiff 7. proud 8. attentive 9. safe 10. powerful, mighty 11. bright, clever 12. watery 13. children's 14. lower 15. last 16. dangerous 17. many a thing 18. in many a place 19. enthusiastic 20. informed of a. ponosen b. vsakovrsten c. varen c. nevaren d. zgdnji e. bister f. pretiran g. marsikaj h. navdušen i. otroški j. priljubljen k. marsikje 1. domske m. poučen n. poučen o. voden p. voden r. preko s. pozoren š. trd 21. for fun __t. iznajdljiv 22. beyond _ u. za salo 23« home-like v. mogočen 24. well liked, popular __z. višji 25. exaggerated __Ž. nižji C. Translate the following sentences into English — Prevedi sledeče stavke v angleščino 1. K^ti so ogromne živali.__ 2. Delfini in kiti ne morejo_______ dihati v vodi kot druge ribe.___ Potrebujejo svežega zraka. _________________ 3* Mi dihamo s pljuči, ribe pa s plavutmi. ____ 4. Tjulnji navadno živijo v _ velikih skupinah ob morskih ___ obrežjih. _____ 5. Morskim psom včasih pravijo _________ tudi morski volkovi. Ti so ______________________ človeku zelo nevarni. _ 6. Pri nas imamo majhen akvari j. v katarem je desat zlatih _______ ribi c. ___ 7. V Chicagu je eden najvacjih______ in najlepših akvarijev na svetu. _ 8. Zelo rad jem školjke in ._____ garnele. __ 9. Scuka, postrv, ostriž, rak ______ in slanik so zelo okusne ________ ribe. ______ 10. Tomaž ima lepo zbirko morskih školjk, njegov brat Tonček pa____ bogato zbirko znamk. — 11# Kit ut£ne, ce ostane predolgo_ pod V£do. _ 12. Kiti so največje Šivali na svetu. Največji kit je daljši kot osem slonov v vrsti. 13. Ostrige in ribe so vedno pod vodo, kiti in delfini pa marajo priti od časa do Časa na površje. 14. Slikanice so najbolj priljubljene otroške knjige. 15. V središču mesta je krasno novo gledališče s tri tisoč sedeži. 16. Majhni otroci radi poslušajo pravljice in gledajo slikanice. 17. Gospa Stropnik je peljaLa svoje hčerke Metko, Magdo in Veroniko na predstavo z lutkami. Povabila je tudi Tanjo, Milico in Mojco. 18. To je zelo, zanimiva in poučna zgodba, 19 • V našem razredu imamo navdušeno in priljubljeno učiteljico pa tudi pridne in bistre učence. 20. Mogočne države niso vedno najbolj poštene. 21. Otroci bodo nastopili v igri "Sneguljcica in s^dem palčkov". 22. Milica je prebrala svoji mlajši sestrici Metki pravljico o TrnjulČici. 23. Predstave z živalmi in z lutkami so vedno zelo zanimive , posebno še za otroke. 24. V naši družini se radi šalimo. 25* Marsikdaj se sprehajamo po gozdu blizu jazera. 26. Slavica (Gloria) je z voda-nimi barvicami naslikala našo hišo in sliko obasila na steno. 27. Alge rastejo v vodi. 28. Vcjdne ptice znajo leteti, pa tudi plavati. 29. Basni so zelo poučne. 30. To vino ni dobro; je preveč vodeno. 31. Gospod predsednik je govoril tisocglavi množici in jo zelo, navdušil. 32. Triglav je najvišja gora v Sloveniji, gora Everest v Aziji pa najvišja na svetu. 33* To knjigo sem sama hežno precital. 34. Ko si je Anica ostrigla laset je skoraj ne bi spoznali. 35. Čeprav nismo bogati, nam nič ne manjka. 36. Majhna deklica baza srnico. 37« V nobeni stvari ne smamo pretiravati. 38. Otraci radi gledajo risanke na televiziji. 39. Gospod Kissinger je bil zunanji minister v Nixonovi vladi. -410 40. Gospod Česen vjsdno pove kaj . za šalo. _ 41. Pepelka, Rdeča Kapica, _ Jgnko in Me,tka in Snegul.iči- ca so zel£ priljubljene _ otroške pravljice. ____________________ 42. Domača hrana je najbolj , zdrava. _ 43. Otroci bi m£rali gledati -Ti na televiziji samo poučne _ in otr£Ške programe. ___________________ 44. Na zadnji dan Š£le dobimo _ spričevala. _____________________ 45. Te£k£ jem trda jabolka. ____________________ 46. S trdim dglom in bistro _____________________ glavo lahk£ daleč prideš. _ 47. Janko (John) se boji, _ krokodilov. 48. Moj brat France ima zbirko _ vsakovrstnih metuljev. ._ 49. Na svetu je več kot 30,000 _ različnih vrst rib. r 50. Marski svet je res čudovit! ... D. Translate tfre following sentences into Slovenian — Prevedi sledeče stavke v slovenščino 1. I don't have any luck today. 2. In the animal park the children can stroke and feed _ the goats, the fawns and the _ deer. _ 3. The children went to see the _ puppet show. _ 4. My brother is very clever, _ ingenious and enterprising. _ 5- This is not a joke. _ 6. I like to eat shrimp. 7. My father likes to joke. 8. In the aquarium we can see all kinds of aquatic animals and many different seaweeds. 9. The children need a lot of love and attention. _ 10. Little children like to listen to stories about fairies and „ goblins. 11. The prince married a beautiful princess. 12. This is an educational _ children's story. _ 13. We eat mostly perch and _ pike. 14. A shark is a very dangerous _ animal. 15. This is the last performance _ for today. 16. Maria (Mojca) has many __ picture books about animals. __ 17« We must help each other. 18. Algae are water plants. __ 19. Mary arm (Marjgnca) has a _ large collection of seashells,_ 20. He always exaggerates. _ 21. A large crowd of tourists _ came to see the animal show. _ 22. Male deer have antlers. _ 23. We'll take turns. _ 24. I didn't recognize you. _ 25. How many different kinds of _ fish do you know? _ -412- E. You will be able to find twenty Slovenian words which we have studied in this lesson in the following "word finder" puzzle. When you find each word, encircle it in the puzzle and then write it next to its English counterpart below. V spodnji "crkovnici" btjste našli dvajset slovenskih besed, ki smo se jih nau&ili v tej lekciji." Ko najdete slovensko besgdo, jo obkrožite v "Srkovnici" in potem napišite poleg ustrgzne angleške besede spodaj. S K R A T U I S r-> R E C A C R A K S 0 M K I Z u M u D I V J I N A 5 B G M K I T A p(u m)l A \_> I L S A K S R 0 Z R A K R E L V R R I L S A L A K D I E A N J E G U L J A A K S L A M N 0 Z I C A L A E J A S 0 M E V U M I N L P R A V L J I C A S I J R A K K I T L A B C C E P K A A U M A I D E A Examples intellect, mind — um fish — riba 1. air 11. goblin 2. aquarium 12. happiness 3. catfish 13. joke 4. codfish 14. joy, delight. 5. collection 15. picture book 6. crowd 16. pike 7. deer 17. rock 8. eel 18. theater 9. fairy 19. wilderness 10. fairy tale 20. whale MwrthinsJjffjMMtto:JnhMiTmT.tapw. Hasten Spttaior St. Csthmin« Stedml J»» 26.1871/BafMo CwrierElmjr,Teh™,. Eri. WNtm. Janrtam ftat-Jwrnri, L«lrport Um«. Sen & JsunuJ. Ntyara Falh Gaatts. Ntnh Toiuwan* tkm. Rscbmi, tkmtM & cSh, sjrcmiHiXtatr^ and Game Farm. Niagara Falls, Canada. III. READING — BERILO Holerjev Morski svet In Živalski park V zadnji lekciji ste spoznali gospoda Janeza H£lerja, slovanskega ustanovitelja in predsednika Merskega sveta in živalskega parka v 8vet£vno znanem turističnem središču Niagara Falls. Danes pa si vsaj bgžno oglejmo sad£ve Holerjevega trdega dela, iznajdljivosti in podjetnosti. Na kanadski strani — le za d£ber streljaj zah£dno od Niagar-skih slapov — se razprostira 75 a^rov H£lerjevega Živalskega parka. Tu se skjjpaj s turisti sprehajajo vse tiste živali> ki niso ljudem— ali drgga drugi ~- nevarne. Otr£ci b£Žajo in hranijo majhne medvedke, osličke, k£zice in sgnice* Sam£ srn je v tem parku nad 200 in vse so domače. Seveda ne mgpjka tjjdi drugih živali — srnjakov, bivolov, medvedov, levov, tigrov, slonov in krokodilov. Na vzh£dnem dglu živalskega parka pa je H£lerjev M£rski svet aLi "Marineland." Se še sp£mnite, kak£ je gosp£d H£ler začel sv£je P£ve predstave s tremi tjulnji? Zdaj pa stoji v parku mogočno "vodno gledališče" ali "Aqua Theater" z dva tisoč sedeži — in ne daleč stran n£vo odpeto gledališče s tri tisoč sedeži! Dan za dnem se vrstijo pred tisoč-glavo množico nadvse zanimive in poučne predstave, kjer nast£pajo tjjjlnji, delfini, kiti, sloni, medvedi, levi, tigri in drjige živali. V strjjgah in akvarijih plava na tisoče vsakovrstnih rib. V£da je marsikje speljana preko skal in pada v slap£vih iz višjih v nižje stroge. Zdi se, kot da bi bili sr£di divjine — in vendar smo le nekaj metrov od najmodernejših niagarskih hotelov. Mlade mamice in pon£sni očetje kar ne ved£, kaj naj gledajo — ali naravne lep£te parka, aH k£pne aLi v£dne Živali, ali sv£je navdušene otreke, ki jim je prinesel obisk H£lerjevega živalskega parka in Merskega sveta t£liko veselja in sreče. Da, t£di tam ob Niagarskih slapevih najdete sad£ve bistrega slovenskega ljma in pridnih slovenskih rok! marineland and game farm niagara falls / canada Bead and translate the readl^ — Beri in nrevedi berilo Answer the following a ideations — Odgovori na BledečavnraSanla 1. Kdo je Jgnez H^ler? __ 2. Koliko aJarov m£ri H^lerjev živalski park? 3. Katere živali so v živalskem parku? Kaj dala j o o t raci v živalskem, pgrku? 5. Kje se vrstijo zanimive in pojične predstave? 6. Koliko sadežev imata Halerje-vi dve gledališči? 7» Katare živali nastopajo pri predstavah? 8. Kaj si lahka ogladamo v strugah in akvarijih? 9. Kaka je vada marsikje speljana? 10. Kakšni so otroci? 11. Kaj je obisk Halerjevega živalskega parka in Merskega sveta prinasel otrakom? 12. Kaj lahko najdemo tgdi ob Niagarskih slapovih? LESSON THIRTY-THREE I. VOCABULARY — SLOVARČEK Masculine — Moški spol Feminine — gengk} gppl narod jarem proc&s r£dni kraj nosilec tjijec citat akademik sodelavec drobec prevod Stok polotok mozaik Hrvat Srb kgmen les balkon vpliv t&kmec voditelj zaveznik nasprotnik izhgd primer razlog tednik dnevnik zgled or vzor vzor redjj red pogled zad£zek moški (pl.) dngvni tisk posameznik ugled rodna domovina — napaka kultura zakladnica nation duša yoke zgodovina processf lawsuit manjšina birthplace večina bearer, carrier Kor£Ška alien, foreigner, Primorska stranger Madžarska citation, quote, majhnost quotation university student co-worker, collaborator fragment, bit, particle, splinter država translation dežela island deželica peninsula križanka mosaic a Croatian pokrajina a Serbian vzggja stone wood raven balcony vara influence mn£Žica rival, competitor pot leader kapglica ally, confederate procesija opponent, pomoc adversary oblast way out, exit instance, example krutost reason, motive weekly newspaper daily newspaper* diary* journal model, example, ideal, pattern model of order order; mark look, glance, glimpse, view hindrance, obstacle men daily press individual prestige, respect, reputation -417- razmare (pl.) masa potopitev grožnja narodnost narodnostna skupina srbo-hrvaščina — fortugalšcina — panšcTna soul history minority majority Carinthia Littoral Hungary smallness, littleness native land fault, error culture treasure box, treasury state country small country crossword puzzle region education, upbringing level, standard faith, belief crowd way, road, path chapel, shrine procession help, aid authority, power cruelty, ruthlessness circumstances, conditions, means mass immersion, submersion threat, menace nationality nationality group Serbo-Croatian Portuguese Spanish ženski spol stopnja pismenost samopomoč zadruga rodovitnost kavarna čitalnica udeležba t£Žnica svoboda publikacija zgnske (pl.) cast — Feminine — step, grade, degree — literacy — self-help — co-operative, co-op store — fertility — coffee house, cafe — reading room — attendance, participation — market place — liberty, freedom — publication — women — honor, reputation Neuter — Sredn.ii spol Adjectives — Pridevniki kak, kaka, kako močnejši, močnejša, močnejše splošen, splošna, splgšno zavidljiv, zavidljiva, o poseben, posebna, posebno alpski, alpska, alpsko srednji, srednja, srednje evropski, evropska, evropsko sestavljen, Bestavljena, o pester, pestra, pastro starodaven, starodavna, o najlepši, najlepSaT najlepše prijeten, prijetna, prijetno vajen, vajena, vajeno b£ljSi, boljša, baljše oddaljen, oddaljena, o ljudski, ljudska, ljudsku gorski, gorska, gorsko napadalen, napadalna* o stalen, stalna, stalno civiliziran, a, o turški, turška, turško pameten, pametna, pametno neizbežen, neizbežna, o napreden, napredna, napredno obsežen, obsežna, obsedno javen, javna, javno redek, redka, redko oblečen, oblečena, oblečeno slovanski, slovanska, o potujČevanje • izseljenstvo • pritličje nadstropje blagostanje -or blaginja (f.) stanje izdajanje stoletje Rešnje Tele vojskovanje • ponemčevanje • podkupovanje ■ poljedelstvo ■ cerkveno opravilo prijateljstvo človeštvo denationalization emigration ground floor floor, story well-being, welfare, prosperity condition, state editing, issuing, publishing century Corpus Christi warfare Germanization bribery, corruption agriculture church service, function friendship humanity — some — stronger — general, common, universal — enviable — special, separate, particular — Alpine — middle« central — European — composed of, made up of — gay, colorful — ancient — most beautiful — agreeable, pleasing, pleasant — used to, accustomed to — better — distant, far, remote, out of way — people's, popular, national — mountainous, alpine — aggressive, attacking — constant, steady, stable — civilized — Turkish — reasonable, sensible, prudent, rational, wise, intelligent — inevitable, unavoidable — progressive, advanced — extensive, expansive — public, open, manifest — rare, scarce, thin — dressed — Slavic -418- delen, delna, delno prvoten,"prvotna, prvotno bežen, bežnaT bežno tuj, tuja, tjije" prepr^San, prepričana, o Vgrbg. — Glagoli potujčevati omenjati or omeniti obdržati obdržati se doseči (past part.t zbirati zbrati zbrati se objaviti prinašati prinesti poudariti ležati počivati opisovati opisati pričati prepričati razlikovati se upirati se zagospodovati preiti (past part.t preživljati sodelovati podkupiti ohraniti razviti podpirati postaviti izdelati dovoljevati potuj£ujem) omenjam or omenim) obdržim) obdržim se) dosežem) dosegel sem) zbiram) zberem) zberem se) objavim) prinašam) prinesem) poudarim) ležim) počivam) opisujem) opišem) pričam) prepričam) razlikujem se)— upiram~se) zagospodujem) — preidem) prešel sem) preživljam) sodelujem) podkjjpim) ohranim) razvijem) podpiram) postavim) izdelam) dovoljujem) partial originali primitive fleeting, passing; superficial foreign, strange convinced to denationalize to mention, to refer to I ...) I ...) I ...) thoughts I ...) I ...) ...) lie) rest) to keep, to retain to maintain, to preserve to reach, to attain, to arrive at to be collecting to gather, to collect to assemble, to come together» to collect one* to publish, to manifest, to make known, to notify to keep bringing, to be conveying to bring, to bring along to stress, to emphasize to lie, to be situated to rest, to take a rest to be describing to describe, to depict to witness, to testify* to give evidence to convince, to persuade to differ, to distinguish to resist to begin to rule, to take over the government to go over to, to pass over, to pass into the hands of (I to live through, (I to experience to co-operate, to take part (I ...) in, to collaborate to bribe (I ,..) to preserve, to keep (I keep) to develop* to unfold (I ...) to support, to aid, (I ...) to sustain, to propi to promote to put up, to place, (I ...) to set up to work out, to manufacture,(I ...) to make, to finish, to execute to keep on allowing, (I ...) to be permitting I ...) I ...) keep) reach) I ...) (I ...) I ...) I ...) dovoliti organizirati ustvariti odriniti uživati napredovati pritrditi Other wordB — razmeroma sorazmerno številicno ni skoraj ... le vec naravnost nekoliko bglje najprej pozneje skupaj a ker nekako takale pogosto or pogastoma laskavo sistematično v dobrem stanju morda po krvi na visoki ravni važnejše je ... kar je Se važnejSe ... kot po navadi kot je navada enostavno ~ počasi v danih razmerah zoper pol odločno večji del delno brez zadgŽka pa še prav posabno zgornje kot ... tako podobno (dovolim) (organiziram) (ustvarim) (odrinem) (užrvam) (napredujem) (pritrdim) Druge besede — to permit, to allow (I permit) — to organize (i ...) — to create, to set up, (I ...) to establish, to form, to make — to push aside, (i ...) to show away — to enjoy, to take delight in, to find pleasure in (I ...) — to make progress, (I ...) to advance, to improve — to fix, to fastenj (I ...) to agree, to consent — comparatively, relatively, in proportion — comparatively speaking — numerically — there is hardly ... — even more — directly, straight on; plainly, sincerely — somewhat better — in the first place; at first — later, later ont afterwards — together — but because — somewhat like this — frequently, often — flattering, complimentary — systematically — in good condition — perhaps, possibly, maybe — by blood — on a high level — it is more important ... — what is even more important ... — as usual — as is customary — simply — slowly — under the given circumstances — against, contrary to — half — emphatically, resolutely — a greater part of, a larger portion of — partially — without hesitation — quite specially! first of all — the above --as ... so — similarly Everyday expressions — Vsakdan.il izrazi To lahko obdržiš (obdržite) za spomin. Prinesi (prinesite) s seboj Ne vidim nobgnega izhoda." Ne vidim dragega izhoda. Prepričan sem, da se~bo vse d£bro iztgklo. To jim ni bil£ po v^lji. You can keep this as a remembrance. Bring along ... I don't see a way out. I don't see any other alternative. I am convinced that everything will turn out fine. They were not pleased (satisfied) with this. II. VAJE -- EXERCISES A. Choose the correct word — Izberi pr^vo besedo 1. stronger a. poster 2. enviable b. javen 3. better c. obsežen 4. special w c. delno 5. inevitable d. prvoten 6. middle e. zoper 7. gay, colorful f. morda 8. general, common .. . . fi- prepričan 9. people's ll. radek 10. public , razmeroma 11. progressive i- stalen 12. extensive k. pošaben 13. original 1. važnajsi 14. ancient m. oblečen 15. convinced . n- boljši 16. against, c ontrary o. močnajši 17. later on p. ljudski 18. rare, scarce r. srednji 19. perhaps, maybe a- splošen 20. comparatively S. odločno 21. more important t. zavidljiv 22. resolutely po znaj e 23. dressed v. starodaven 24. constant, steady z. napraden 25. partially Ž. neizbežen Translate the following words - - Prevedi sledeče besede . S _ ___ _ well-being, prosperity .P______degree, step O _ ____peninsula , N _ history . 0 _ nation , S _ authority, power 0 _ way out, exit , M _ _ help, aid R ______co-operative E _ _ ____country C __ __ majority 1 _ _ minority S __ _ ____ century M __________literacy E________ally M _ _ stone S _ nationality L _ __ _ culture 0 „ ____freedom, liberty V _ state E ________weekly newspaper N______market place E____belief, faith C alien, foreigner S wood E „ _ _ translation M yoke C. Ui)3erliqe all the verb forms and translate into En^listy Podčrtaj vse glagole in prevedi v angleščino 1. Starši tega ne bodo dovolili. 2. Oče leži na divanu. ...... 3. NiČ nisem počival. _ Vse bo prešlo^ m 5. Ali lahka obdržim to knjigo? _ i . 6. Pisatelj je lepg, opisal svoj _.. i rodni kraj. ________________ 7. V službi lepa napredujem. __________________ 8. Zakaj nisi prinesel slik s _ seboj? _ 9. Kdaj b£do objavili to _ poročilo? ____________________ 10. Prepričani smo, da vam bo Slovanija zelfl všeč. .. 11. To maramo poudariti. _ 12. V Ameriki uživamo svobodo. _ 13« Nobenega ne bi hotel _ podkupiti. _ S trudom in mgčno vjjljo boš .. lahko veliko dosggel. _ 15• Zbrali smo se pred našo _________________ hišo? _ 16. Marko zbira znamke. ________________ 17. Koliko denarja ste zbrali _________________ za ravne otroke? _ 18. Kadar sem bolan, moram _ veliko počivati. __________________ 19. Prinesel je steklenico vina _________________ in jo postavil na mizo. __«w_____^_________ 20. Ta slika bo padla, če je ___ ne boŠ pritrdil. 21. Moramo poudariti, da ne > moremo sodelovati pri tej _ organizaciji. 22. Dobre knjige in d^ber tisk ____ maramo podpirati. __ 23. Tgga ne m^rem doseči. ^ 24. Oblasti tega ne bgdo ____ dovolile. _ 25. Nismo ga mogli prepričati. __ D* Translate the following sentences into English — Prevedi sledeče stavke v angleSčino 1. Slovanski narod je skgai ________________ stoletja trpel pod tajim _ jarmom. ____ 2. Slovenija je bila kot gtok ___ med mogačnimi tujimi sosedi. _________ 3. Vsaka narodnost je nekaj dragocanega. Kot mora čl o-___ vek spoštovati svajo družino._ taka »fira tjjdi spoštovati _____________________ svajo narodnost. ________________ 4. Narodi bi marali Šivati v ____________________ prijateljstvu kot sastre in ________________________ bratje. ____ 5> Vsak narod je kakor dr£bec ___ v mozaiku človaŠtva. __ 6. Narodi bi ne smeli biti ________ takmeci in naspratniki, ampak prijatelji in zavezniki. _____ 7. Taji pisatelji so vačkrat omenjali Slovanijo kot vzor reda* __________ 8. JjiSno od Slovani je živijo naši slovanski bratje Hrvati __ in S£bi. 9. Ce bi bil pisatelj, bi obja4- ______ vil v amariških dnavnikih in______ tadnikih kaj lepega o Slova- _________ 10. Poudaril bi visoko stopnjo slovenske pismenosti in kulture na splgsno in opisal trpljgnje Slovencev pod tujimi gospodarji in sk^Sal prepričati Čitatelje, da je Slovgnija a^a najlapših dežel na svatu. 11. Čudovit je poglad z v£ha Triglava na vanec slovanskih gora in dolin i to so "nebesa pod Triglavom", kakor je napisal veliki slo-vgpski pisatelj £van Cankar. 12. Maji prijatelji so mi pri-nasli iz Slovanije knjige o slovanskih pokrajinah i o KoraSki, Štajerski, Prek-mjirju, Goranjski, Dolgjijski in Primorski. 13* AmeriSki Slovanci smo po k£vi in narodnosti Slovanci, po državljanstvu pa Amerikgnci. Podobno so kanadski Slovanci po k£vi in narodnosti Slovanci, po državljanstvu pa Kanadčani. 14. Traba je spoStovati svajo narodnost in vsak dober državljan mara tjidi spoštovati svaje državijanstvo. 15. Kadar gre za čast in uglad slovanskega naroda, ne šmarno počivati. Storimo vse, kar moremo, da bomo vadno baljši kot posamezniki in kot ngrod in da nas bo svet i vgdno bolj poznal in _ spoštovali _ E. Translate the following sentences into Slovenian — Prevedi sledeče stavke v slovenščino 1. I would like to study the __________________________ Slovenian history and culture. 2. I forgot to mention this. __________________________ 3. We persuaded them. _________________________ This is not a good reason. 5. We live in the twentieth ,., c entury. _ 6. This is a difficult _ crossword puzzle. _ 7. You can keep this book! . 8. Many foreign writers describe_ Slovenia as a very beautiful . Alpine country and a model _________________________ for Central Europe. _ 9. As Portuguese differs from ____________________ Spanish, so also Slovenian _ differs from Serbo-Croatian. __________________ 10. Slovenia is the birthplace ________________ of my parents. ____________________ 11. The market places in Slovenia are very clean and a model of_ _ order. _ 12. Our house is in a very good _ condition although it is old. 13* The attendance at the church _ services was excellent. _ 14. How would you describe __________________________ Slovenia? a_ 15- Of what nationality are you? ______________________ III. READING — BERILO TO JE SLOVENIJA Slovenci smo po številu razmeroma majhen narod, saj Štejemo manj kot dva milijona v Slovaniji in kakih 600,000 do milijon duš po vseh dragih državah. V Ameriki nas je okrog pol milijona. Večji del svaje zgodovine je bil naS slovanski narod pod jarmom številiČno mnago moSnajSih sosedov. Avstrijci in Namci so nas hotali ponamčiti, Italijani poitalijaniti, Madžari pomadžariti. Tjidi danes Se vadno potujcajejo našo narodno manjSino na KoraSkem pod Avstrijo, na Primorskem pod Italijo in v Porabju pod Madžarsko, da ne omanjamo splaSnega procesa potujcevanja v izsaljenstvu. A vandar smo se vkljub svoji majhnosti obdržali pri življenju. Ni skoraj države na svatu, kjer bi ne našli tudi Slovencev. Se več, v svoji radni domovini Sloveniji in po vsem svatu smo Slovenci do-sggli naravnost zavidljive uspahe. Vkljub svajim napakam smo nosilci visake kulture, ki so o njej zelo laskavo pisali tudi tisti tujci, ki Slovanijo in Slovence nekoliko balje poznajo. Leta 1951. je slovenski ameriSki študant Edi Gabec začel sistematično zbirati tudi citate tujcev o Slovencih. Objavil jih je najprej v svajem Studantovskem Ustu "Akadamik* in pozngje Se v drugih časopisih in skupaj s sodelavci leta 1958. v posebni knjigi. Danes vam iz te zakladnice dokumentov prinašamo le majhen drabec zanimivih citatov o Slovaniji in Slovencih — najprej v angleščini, potem pa Še v slovenskem prevodu. Kot je poudaril prof£sor Univerze Harvard dr. Robert Lee Wolff v svaji knjigi, "The Balkans in Our" Time" (Harvard Univeristy Press, 1956), Slovanija ni balkanska, ampak alpska, sradnje-evropska drŽava. A ker je del Jugoslavije in ker južna Jugoslavija leži na Balkanskem polotaku, včasih opisujejo Slovanijo tudi v knjigah o Balkanu. THIS IS SLOVENIA Ljubljana — ulflvna mesij Sfflvanije Ljubljana — capital of Slovinit Zngni angleški pisatelj Bernard Ngwman je v svaji knjigi "Balkan Background" (Macmillan, 19^5) takole opisal Slovenijo* "Yugoslavio is formed like a jigsaw puxile from ancient provinces. The loveliest of them is Slovenia, a mountain land . . . homeland of a very pleasant people, who have been accustomed to a better life than Croats and Serbs: their houses aro marc substantial — the groundfloor usually of stone, the second of wood. As a s'gn of prosperity, the house carries a balcony: more important, it is dean and well kept. "The Croats ond Serbs may be blood brothers: the Slovenes arc more distant relatives. Their language, though Slav in origin, differs from Scrbo-Croot ... In education they ore advanced . . . The publication of books in Slovenia is proportionately the highest in the world. Religion has a great influence upon the mosses of the people: every mountain path has its shrines, and the Corpus Christ! processions ore unrivaled . , , "In the eighth century the Slovenes . . . were resisting invaders and invited Bavarian chiefs to aid them. As usual, the allies stayed on, and eventually became masters of the little mountain province; later it passed under Austrian rule. ". . . here is no record of Balkan cruelty and continous warfare; Slovenia was a civilizcd land white the other, Balkan regions lived through the Turkish night. The Slovenes collaborated with the Austrians — tho sensible thing to do in their circumstances — and many of them attained high rank in the imperial service. Yet the people always resisted Gcrma-nizatin and remained Slovenes. This characteristic has annoyed the Germans: tho Slovenes are the perfect reply to orgumcnts of massificotion. A race of only one ond half million people, they have resisted the bribes and threats, and emphatically retain their awn language and culture." "Jugoslavija je sestavljena kot pastra križanka |kot raznol^cen mozaik) iz starodavnih pokrajin. Najlgpša med tami je Slovanija — planinska dejala in domovina zela prijatnih ljudi, ki so bili vajeni baljsega zivljanja kot Hrvati in Srbi. Njihove hiše so velike — pritličje ie pogosto iz kamna, p£vo nadstrapje pa iz lesa* 0 blagostanju pričajo balkani na hišah. Kar je še važnajše, slovanski do-mavi so cisti in v dabrem stanju. Morda so Hrvatje in Srbi bratje po krvi, a Slovenci so bolj oddaljeni soradniki. Čeprav je njihov jazik slovanski? se razlikuje od srbo-hrvatskega. ... Po svaji vzgoji so na visaki ravni. Izdajanje knjig je v Slovaniji sorazmamo~najvišje na svetu. Vara ima močan vpliv na ljudske množice. Ob vsaki gorski poti so kapelice" in procasije Rašnjega Telasa nimajo takmeca? V osmem stolatju so se Slovanci upirali napadalnim tujcem [AvaromJ in povabili bavarske voditelje~na pomac. Kot po~navadi, so zavazniki enostavno ostali v državi in počasi zagospodovali majhni garski dežali. Poznaje je Slovanija prešla Pod avstrijsko oblast. Tu v Sloveniji ni kake balkanske krutosti, niti ni stalnega vojskovanja. Slovanija je bila civilizirana dežala, ko so druge, balkanske pokrajine še preživljale turško noč. Slovanci so sodelovali z Avstrijci — pameten izhod v danih razmerah -- in mnogi od njih so dosagli visoka mesta v avstrijskih službah. Toda ljudje so se upirali ponemČevgnju m ostali so Slovenci. To sevgda ni bilo po valjivNamcem* Slovanci so odličen primar zoper razloge neizbaznega potuj cenja — "masifikacije" ali vtopitve v masi. Čeprav štajejo po številu le milijon in pol duš, so se Slovanci upirali podkupovanju in grožnjam in odločno ohranili svoj jezik in kulturo." Ameriški &vtor R.H. Markham pa je v svoji knjigi "Tito's Imperial Communism" (University of North Carolina Press, 1947) takole opasal Slovence i The Slovenes are one of the most advanced nationality groups or nations in the world. Their language differs considerably from 5erbo • Crootian, perhopi as Portugesa from Spanish. They have developed o very high degree of literacy, maintained schools in every town and village, supported an extensive circulation of good veekly periodicals, and made their little country a model for Central Europe. They developed an extensive industry, worked out a helpful «o-operative system, and organized agriculture as well as their uneven land permitted. They were welt served by a vigorous, daily press. The coffee houses in their cities were as reading rooms in American public libraries, ond their churches wcra well attended. Markets were models of order. The women were neat, few men were ragged, the heaviest weight of toil was relieved by wheels. A sclfrespccting little people, thot prior to 1918 had never been even portly free, moved forward to e distinguished place among the most advanced nations. Po slovansko pa bi zgornje povedali nekako takole t BOHINJ "Slovgnci so gna izmed najbolj naprednih narodnostnih skupin ^Li narodov na svgtu. Njihov jgzik se precej razlikuje od srbohrvaščine, morda tako kot portugalščina od španščine. Razvili so zelo visako stopnjo pismenosti, skrbeli za šole v vsakem mestu in vasi, podpirali izdajanje ftevil-nih d£brih tadnikov in postavili svojo malo dežalico za zgled Srednji Evropi. Razvili so obsažno industrijo, izdalali sistgm samopomoči v zadrugah in organizirali poljedelstvo, kot je dovoljevala različna rodovitnost zemlje. Ustvarili so m£Čen dnavni tisk. Kavarne v njihovih mastih so kakor čitalnice v ameriških javnih knjižnicah. Ude-lazba pri cerkvanih opravilih je dabra. Tržnice so vzor red£. ženske so Čiste in redki med moškimi so slabo oblečeni. Vač ji del dala odrinejo stroji. Čeprav niso do lata 1918. uživali niti d^lne svobade, so Slovanci napredovali in dosegli odlično mesto med najbolj naprednimi" narodi." BLED Kaj vec o Slovencih b^ste črtali v dragih knjigah, o slovanskih uspehih pa se prav posebno v publikacijah Slovanskega ameriškega inštituta, ki je v Amgriki in drugod po svg.tu znan tudi pod svojim angleškim imenom kot Slovenian Research Center of America, Inc. Ze bazen poglgd na slovansko kulturo pa nas prepriča, da smemo brez zad£$ka in veselo pritrditi tisti lepi slovenski pesmi, ki ~ poje i S PONfiSOM R£Cl SMEMi "SLOVENEC SEM, SLOVENEC SEM!" SLOVENIAN HERITAGE BOOKS available from Slovenian Research Center of America, Inc. 29227 Eddy Road Willoughby Hills, Ohio 44092 U.S.A. IN ENGLISH G. E. Gobetz and Adele Donchenko, eds., Anthology of Slovenian American Literature, $7.— Milena Gobetz and Breda Loncar, Slovenian Language Manual, Vol. I, $7.— Slovenian Language Manual, Vol. II, $8.50 G. E. Gobetz, From Carniola to Carnegie Hall (biography of Anton Schubel, with paintings by Fugger), $6.— Jurčič-Kolednik, George Koziak, A Slovenian Janizary (historical novel), $4.— Toussaint Hočevar, Slovenia's Role in Yugoslav Economy, $2.— Finžgar-Kolednik, Seven Tableaux for Lent (meditations), $.60. IN FRENCH Jurčič-Kolednik, Le janissaire slovšne Georges Koziak, $4.— Valentin-Kolednik, Le petit Tonček du Potok: scšnes de la vie rurale en Slovšnie, $4.- Finžgar-Kolednik, Sept tableaux pour le caršme: mšditations, $.60. IN GERMAN Finžgar-Kolednik, Iztok (novel from early Slovenian history), $6.— Finžgar-Kolednik, Die Magd Anka (novel about Slovenian rural life), $5,— IN LATIN Jurčič-Kolednik, Commentarii de vita et rebus gestis Georgii Kozjak (Slovenian historical novel in Latin translation), $3.— IN GREEK Jurčič-Kapabia, Giorges Koziak—Enas Slovenos Genitsaros, $4.— FORTHCOMING G. E. Gobetz and Associates, Slovenian Americans in Greater Cleveland, Ohio, Vols. I-III G. E. Gobetz and Milena Gobetz, eds.. Glimpses of Ethnicity Milena Gobetz and Breda Loncar, Slovenian Language Manual, Vol. Ill Kosovel-Heiliger, Integrals: Modern Slovenian Poetry G. E. Gobetz, Introducing Slovenia E. Gobetz and Associates, Slovenian Contributions to America G. E. Gobetz and Associates, Slovenian Contributions to the World. All members {$2 annual membership fee), supporting members ($5 or more annually), trustees, officers, associates, and Advisory Council members of The Slovenian American Institute—The Slovenian Research Center of America, Inc., get a 10 percent discount on all SRCA publications end two or more SRCA Newsletters annually. I t "The Slovenian Language Manual is very interesting indeed. ! have truly enjoyed paging through it every chance I get."—Dr. Rudolph Perpich, Governor of Minnesota. "I wish I could tell you how many letters of inquiry we have sent trying to obtain a good Slovenian self-taught text. At long last our prayers have been answered!"—Mrs. J. 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It affords me great pleasure."—Oscar B. Godina, Chicago, Illinois. "lam very pleased with your Manual. Its format is such that a person who is not a professional linguist and whose native tongue is English can use it."—Albert J. Jelinek, West Allis, Wisconsin. "This is a very fine textbook, both in its organization and contents."—Rev. Anthony Zrnec, Slovenian Pastor, Toronto, Ontario. "Many thanks for your Manual. We would have needed such a book fifty years ago. I plan to use it in our Slovenian language class."—Vincent Lau-ter, Barberton, Ohio. "Your Manual is outstanding and I am looking forward to the release of future volumes,"—Martin Matjan, Forest City, Pa. "We are grateful to the Center for the permission to reprint these lessons, free of charge, for the benefit of our readers."—Prosveta, January 5, 1977. (The Center will be happy to discuss similar arrangements with any other interested newspaper or magazine.) "The book deserves praise and the work which the authors have performed has truly been great."—Karel Mauser in Ameriška Domovina, Sept. 23, 1976. "My wife and I have been helped tremendously with the language manual."—Matt Rote, Gowanda, N.Y. "I can only honestly say: 'A job well done!'"— Joseph Kovach, Ely, Minnesota. "I am thrilled to have this Manual, for I have long been wanting just such a text. Already I have mastered the first few lessons, with a little help from long-dormant memories of the language I learned as a child. It is so much fun!"—Mrs. Katherine Floyd, Tacoma, Wash. "My friends and I think the book is really great."—Mrs. Dolores J. De Pietro, Girard, Ohio. "If the perseverance of our second-generation youngsters equals the enthusiasm with which they accepted this Manual, then our language won't die in America."—Vladimir Kralj, Slovenian Radio Program, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. "Thank you for the first perfect Slovenian language manual known to us."—John and Dorothy Hribar, Miami, Florida. "A tremendous job very conscientiously done!"—ft/Irs. Marie Prisland, founder of the Slovenian Women's Union, Sheboygan. Wisconsin. "We are all very grateful to you for your enormous work and wish you continued success."—Mrs. Mary Kobal, national president, Progressive Slovene Women of America, Euclid, Ohio. "Slovenian Americans have long felt the need for a good book from which our young people could learn Slovenian. Finally, we have such a text. The authors deserve our gratitude fo» their fine work. May God bless this Manual and all who will learn from It to love our Slovenian language and heritage1"—Sister Lavoslava Turk, Lemont, III. "My very grateful thanks for that wonderful Slovenian LanguageManual. I only wish that I could have had a copy of this manual about ten years ago when I made my first trip to Slovenia. I can hardly wait to mail one to our daughter and I know that she will be most delighted. We also have 35 orders from our P.S.W. Circle No, 9."—Mrs. Frances Rak, secretary, P.S.W. No. 9, flerwyn, Illinois. "The Manual is a provocative and fascinating work of great excellence and a remarkable contribution to The study of Slovenian language. Ii is exceptionally well organized and useful to teachers and students "—Prof. Joseph Planinsic, California State College, Pittsburgh, Pa. "I study from the Manual each night, until about midnight or even later."—Joe Ovnick, Potlstown, Pa. "I am glad thai finally, someone worked so hard to put the book together."—Louis Lakner, Longmoni, Colorado. "You are performing a wonderful seivice for the Slovenian people. We wish you every success in your endeavors."—Mrs. Victor Stromar, Troy, Michigan. "This is an excellent book. I took it to class with me and this led to the purchase of books by the remaining class members. Your articles, too, are always of great interest and I wish you continued success in keeping us Informed on the Slovenian culture."—Mrs. Frances M. Ambrozic, Pittsburgh, Pa. "This Manual is priceless. What hours of labor you must have spent to produce such a mas-terpiecel"—Sister Anne Bachnik, O.S.B., Duluth, Minn. "The newly issued Manual rates a plus and Is rapidly becoming the favorite teaching aid for students and a meaningful addition to home libraries throughout the country.—Zarja- The Dawn (Chicago, III.), February, 1977. "Certainly it is not an accident that our teachers selected from a considerable number of books, which they had examined, the Slovenian Language Manual as the best textbook for the students of the Slovenian language in Australia."—Mish (Kew, Australia). February, 1977. "We have twice monthly sessions of self-help study. We are grateful to have such a manual and everybody agreed that it Is the first book to be so helpful."—Mrs. Mary Klansek, Oglesby, III. "Everyone thinks your Manuals ate great and the students in Mrs. Vnacnik's newly established class find them most enjoyable."—Mrs. Ruth Abbott. Parma, Ohio. "Many thanks for the Manuals. We just started with our classes and, having more students than last year, will need twelve more books."—Ivan Dolenc, editor of Slovene Canadian Diary, Downs-view. Canada. "Having taught French and Latin for many yeats I believe I can recognize and appreciate the excellence of this text, in fact I now wish I had such a manual at my disposal through all the years I taught elementary French, my major field of study. Your manual also inspired the idea of forming a Slovenian language class here."—Rev. Gabriel Rus, fotmer director of International Education, University of Dayton, Dayton. Ohio. "The easy-to-understand manual is just one of many contributions toward a greater appreciation Df Slovenian culture from Professor and Mrs. Edward Gobeu and Mrs. Breda Loncar."—The News-Herald, August 29, 1976. "Congratulations on the marvelous work you are doing to carry on our Slovenian heritage."— Mrs. Anthony J. Cimperrnan, Cleveland. Ohio.